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选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Iconic Attractions
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In 1969，watching the landing of Apollo 11 on the Moon on TV from his parents’ farm in
Canada，Chris Hadfield was amazed and excited.On that day，at only nine years old，Chris made
the most important decision of his life：He was going to be an astronaut.
There wasn’t even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut；but Chris was
determined.He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines.After school he joined the
Canadian army where he learned to fly many different types of planes.Chris did a lot of research for
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) in the United States and had special
training.Finally，in 1995，he rode his first rocket into space.
Chris became the first Canadian astronaut to walk in space，and went on a number of space
missions throughout his career.The most memorable was his five-month stay on the International
Space Station(ISS) as commander，between December 2012 and May 2013.He posted on social
media thousands of photos of Earth and videos of himself explaining how things work in zero
gravity.His followers could watch him sleeping，brushing his teeth，washing his hands，or
preparing “space” snacks in zero gravity，which turned him into a social media phenomenon.
Today，Chris travels the world giving talks about his work.He once said，“Decide in your
heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you ，and start moving your life in that
direction.Every decision you make，from what you eat to what you do with your time tonight，
turns you into who you are tomorrow.Look at who you want to be，and start sculpting yourself
into that person.You may not get exactly where you thought you’d be，but you will be doing
things that suit you in a profession you believe in.Don’t let life randomly kick you into the adult
you don’t want to become.”
1．What led Chris to make up his mind to be an astronaut?
A．The life on his parents’ farm.
B．His ability to fly various planes.
C．Apollo 11’s landing on the Moon.
D．His passion for studying engines.
2．Which of the following was best worth remembering about Chris’ career?
A．Serving in the Canadian army.
B．Working as commander on the ISS.
C．Receiving a lot of training from the NASA.
D．Being the first Canadian astronaut to walk in space.3．What made Chris popular in the media?
A．The space tasks he conducted in his life.
B．The pictures and videos he posted online.
C．His strong determination to pursue his dream.
D．His great contributions to Canada’s space industry.
4．What can we learn from Chris’ words in the last paragraph?
A．Courage is what it takes to overcome difficulties.
B．Opportunities go hand in hand with challenges.
C．From small beginnings come great endings.
D．The secret of success lies in the firm aim.
B
Plastics sustainability has come a long way in recent years in large part thanks to scientific
advances.But even as plastics become more and more environmentally friendly ， the world
continues to be polluted as many industries rely on them for their widely-used products.
The latest research from Dr Junpeng Wang，assistant professor in UA’s School of Polymer
Science and Polymer Engineering，has a method to reduce such waste and clear a scientific
pathway to a more sustainable future that can appeal to the rubber ，tyre，automobile and
electronics industries.
The problem at hand：Synthetic polymers，including rubber and plastics，are used in nearly
every aspect of daily life.The advantage of synthetic polymers lies largely in their excellent stability
and various mechanical qualities.However，due to their high durability，waste materials made of
these polymers have accumulated in the land and oceans ，causing serious concerns for the
ecosystem.
A promising method to tackle the challenges in plastics sustainability is to replace current
polymers with recyclable ones in order to achieve a circular use of materials.
The key in the design of chemically recyclable polymers is to identify the right
monomer.Through careful computational calculation ， the researchers identified a targeting
monomer.They then prepared the monomer and polymers through chemical synthesis，using
abundantly available starting materials.
Wang’s research group，including polymer science graduate students and a postdoctoral
scientist，aims to develop polymers that can be broken down into their components.When the
element for breaking them down is absent or removed，the polymers will be highly stable and their
thermal and mechanical qualities can be tuned to meet the needs of various applications.
“The chemically recyclable polymers we developed show excellent thermal stability and
mechanical qualities and can be used to prepare both rubber and plastics，” says Wang.“We
expect this material to be an attractive candidate to replace current polymers.”
5．What do we know about Dr Junpeng Wang’s research?A．It helps improve the level of plastics stability.
B．It shows plastics are more environmentally friendly.
C．It offers more widely-used products to many industries.
D．It tries to develop a way to recycle plastics scientifically.
6．What’s the author’s attitude to the current synthetic polymers?
A．Objective. B．Favorable.
C．Unconcerned. D．Doubtful.
7．What does the text mainly focus on?
A．A study conducted to make plastics last a longer period of time.
B．A quality for plastics to satisfy the needs of various industries.
C．A new method developed to solve the plastics sustainability problem.
D．A research group devoted to plastics sustainability for the ecosystem.
8. In which section of a newspaper may the text appear?
A．Relationship. B．Fashion.
C．Culture. D．Science.
C
If you were a superhero，what would your superpower be？Would you want to fly or be
invisible？Or，perhaps，you’d rather have the power to read minds？Wouldn’t that be cool?
Reading minds is not as far-fetched as you might think.In fact ， researchers at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology have developed a wearable device that can actually express a
person’s thoughts and allow them to talk to a computer—without anyone else hearing.
The device，called AlterEgo，allows a person to control a computer and ask it questions
without ever saying one word.When the individual wearing the device thinks of a word or a phrase
but does not speak it，AlterEgo picks up the neuromuscular(神经肌肉) signals in that person’s
jaw and face.AlterEgo sends those signals to a computer，which is programmed to associate them
with specific words.
The device is fairly accurate.In a 10-person trial，AlterEgo had a 92% transcription(转录)
accuracy.Researchers say that number will increase over time.“Our idea was：Could we have a
computing platform that’s more internal，that combines human and machine in some ways and
that feels like an internal extension of our own thoughts？” Arnav Kapur，a graduate student at
the MIT Media Lab said.
So what effect could this have on communication？AlterEgo can change the way humans
interact with computers，allowing us to silently connect with AI assistants such as Amazon’s
Alexa，Google’s Assistant or Apple’s Siri without anyone knowing.If a person is having a
conversation and wants to look up a bit of information，they don’t have to take out their digital
device；instead they can just think of the question.AlterEgo will answer without interrupting the
conversation.The device can also help people communicate in noisy situations，such as on afactory floor in the airport.
9．Why are the questions raised in paragraph 1?
A．To ask readers for their opinions.
B．To introduce the topic of the passage.
C．To inspire readers’ imagination.
D．To show the author’s curiosity.
10. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．The questions. B．The computers.
C．The signals. D．The words.
11．What influence will AlterEgo have on people’s communication?
A．People can apply AI assistants skilfully.
B．People will make good mind-readers.
C．People no longer need mobile phones.
D．People can communicate more smoothly.
12．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．AlterEgo Frees People of Thinking
B．Wearable Device Controls Computer
C．Silent Reader of Your Mind Comes True
D．Communication Is Easy with AI Assistants
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023·江苏苏州八校联考)
While a new environment is exciting，the adjustment process can be challenging.Even if
everything is going well at the beginning of your new job or school，something unexpected can
happen. 1
The following tips will help you adapt to a new environment more quickly and smoothly.
Ask questions.It is understandable that when you start，you don’t want to show you need
additional explanation，but you have to remember you are new! You are learning an entirely
different process，so there will be things you need to ask to understand. 2 In fact，it has the
exact opposite effect.You will not only impress others with your original ideas but also open up
opportunities to build relationships across your new team.
Seek out a mentor(指导者)．Having a mentor，particularly at the beginning，can make your
adaptation much more manageable.This person can be your boss，your professor，or just a
friendly classmate or co-worker. 3 And more importantly，they can help you learn some
essential things you won’t find in the handbook.
Get to know people.Beyond your mentor，make it a priority to find more new friends.It does
make a considerable difference.This way，you will feel more connected and a part of things，instead of being an island.This doesn’t mean you have to go to every corner and introduce
yourself. 4
Focus on this role. 5 Thinking of how comfortable you felt in your last role means you
wish things were the same and second-guess yourself ， which can threaten a quick
adaptation.Don’t look backward.Welcome the new challenges，appreciate the new skills you are
learning，and you are sure to be successful in the new role.
A．Doing this won’t make you look less intelligent.
B．Comparison usually hurts us more than it helps us.
C．It can be as simple as getting involved in group activities.
D．Don’t let your feeling of unfamiliarity be an excuse to stay alone.
E．You can make the change more difficult if you go in the wrong way.
F．They’ll field your questions and help you adjust to the culture easily.
G．Focus on identifying how your previously learned skills can benefit you.
