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Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.
核心话题 家务、杂务
重点词汇 1. rubbish 2. fold 3. sweep 4. floor 5. mess 6. throw 7. neither 8. shirt
9. pass 10. borrow11. lend 12. finger 13. hate 14. chore15. while16. stress
17. waste 18. provide 19. anyway 20. depend 21. develop 22. independence
23. fairness 24. since 25. neighbor 26. ill 27. drop 28. independent
29. fair 30. unfair
重点短语 1. take out the rubbish 2. all the time 3. as soon as
Unit3 4. in order to 5. depend on 6. take care of
重点句型 1. —Could you please sweep the floor? 请你扫一下地好吗？
—Yes, sure. 好的，当然可以。
2. —Could I use your computer? 我能用一下你的电脑吗？
—Sorry. I’m going to work on it now. 对不起。我现在要用它工作。
语法 情态动词could的用法
写作 有关学生做家务发表观点
考点 1. could
1. Could you please sweep the floor? 请你扫一下地好吗?
此处情态动词could并非表示过去时态，而是表示委婉语气，后跟动词原形表达有礼貌地请求或请求允许
做某事。表示请求时与please连用会使语气更加委婉。
☞ Could I watch TV? 我可以看电视吗?
☞ —Could you please give me a piece of paper? 请你给我一张纸好吗？
—Sure. Here you are. 当然可以。给你。
【知识拓展】
1. 常见表示委婉请求做某事的句型及其答语
委婉请求：Could you please+do sth?
Could you + do sth?
Would you please + do sth?
Would you + do sth?肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to.
否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but...
2. Could you please...? 句型的否定结构是在please后加not。
☞ Could you please not make noises? 请你不要制造噪音好吗？
【经典练】
1．（2022上·广西河池·九年级统考期末）—Could you please move your car? It’s in the way.
—________. I’ll do it right now.
A．Never mind B．No problem C．Well done D．I hope not
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能把车挪一下吗？它挡道了。——没问题。我现在就去。
考查情景交际。Never mind没关系；No problem没问题；Well done干得好；I hope not我希望不会。根据
“I’ll do it right now.”，可知回话者对说话者提出的请求，表示“没问题”。故选B。
【写作佳句】（2023·湖北鄂州·统考中考真题）—Could you tell me where I can get something to eat?——你
能告诉我在哪里可以吃点东西吗？
考点 2. take out＂带出去；取出；拿出；除掉＂
2. Peter, could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，请你把垃圾倒掉好吗?
take out意为＂带出去；取出；拿出；除掉＂，是由＂动词+副词＂构成的动词短语，名词作宾语时放在
out前后都可以，代词作宾语时必须将其放在out前。
☞ Please take out a piece of paper. =Please take a piece of paper out. 请拿出一张纸来。
☞ Please take it out. 请把它取出来。学&科网
【知识拓展】 常见take构成的短语
【经典练】
1.In a basketball game, it’s important for the players to play together and ________ the best in each other.A．hand out B．bring out C．take out D．look out
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在篮球比赛中，重要的是球员们要一起打球，互相发挥出最好的水平。
考查动词短语。hand out分发；bring out使显现；take out拿出；look out小心。根据“the best in each
other.”可知，此处是指让球员们把最好的一面表现出来。bring out the best把最好的显现出来。故选B。
【写作佳句】（2017·山东济南·统考中考真题） Take out the rubbish when you leave.你走的时候把垃圾拿
出去。
考点 3.mess＂杂乱；不整洁＂
3. And she won’t be happy if she sees this mess. 如果她看到这样不整洁，她会不高兴的。
mess常用可数名词单数形式，意为＂杂乱；不整洁＂。
☞ ＂What a mess!＂she said after the party. 聚会后她说：＂真是一片狼藉！＂
【知识拓展】
in a mess 乱七八糟
make a mess弄脏；搞成一团糟
☞ He found his room in a mess. 他发现自己的房间乱七八糟。
☞ The kids made a mess in the living room. 孩子们把客厅搞得一塌糊涂。
【经典练】1.—Could you please clean your room? It’s in a ________.
—Sure. I will do it as soon as I finish my homework.
A．mess B．trouble C．mark
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能打扫一下你的房间吗？这里一团糟。 ——当然。我一做完作业就去打扫。考查
名词辨析。mess杂乱；trouble麻烦；mark符号。根据“Could you please clean your room?”可知，此处是
指房间脏、杂乱，需要打扫，in a mess“乱糟糟，一团糟”，符合语境。故选A。
【写作佳句】—Dick made a mess in the room again! ——迪克又把房间弄得乱七八糟了！
考点 4.the minute...＂一……就……＂
4. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over. 我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。
the minute...意为＂一……就……＂，引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时态时，从句一般用一般现在
时，与其用法一样的还有as soon as...。句子时态遵从＂主将从现＂原则。＂主将从现＂原则，即主句若
为一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时表示将来。
☞ I’ll tell him the minute he comes. 他一来我就告诉他。
☞ We will leave as soon as it stops raining.＝We will leave the minute it stops raining.雨一停，我们就动身离开。
【经典练】1．The _________ action film has attracted millions of young people to the cinema.
A．120-minute B．120-minutes C．120 minute
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这部120分钟的动作片吸引了数百万年轻人观看电影。
考查复合形容词的用法。此处修饰名词，用复合形容词：表示“120分钟的”的英文表达为120-minute。
故选A。
【写作佳句】（2016·四川乐山·中考真题）he changed his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
他在最后一分钟打了个电话后改变了主意。
考点 5.neither
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一个星期，她没做任何家务，我也没做
任何家务。
neither作副词，意为＂也不＂，置于句首，表示前面的否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物，句子须采用
倒装语序。句式结构：neither + be/助动词/情态动词+主语。
☞ Jack has never been to Shanghai and neither has Jim. 杰克从没去过上海，吉姆也没去过。
【知识拓展】neither用法小结
(1)表示＂(两者)都不＂，置于单数名词之前；
形容词 (2)其修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
☞ Neither car is exactly what she wants. 这两辆车，哪一辆都不是她想要的。
(1)作主语时谓语动词常用单数；
代 词 (2)常与of连用，neither of+名词复数。
☞ Neither of the answers is right. 两个答案都不对。
(1)常用短语neither... nor＂既不……也不……＂，连接两个并列成分，表示否定意
义；
连 词
(2)连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循＂就近原则＂。
☞ Neither he nor I am good at swimming. 我和他都不擅长游泳。
【易错提醒】
(1)表示＂既……也……；两者都……＂用both... and...连接并列成分，连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数。
(2)表示＂或者……或者……(二者任选其一)＂，用either... or。(3)表示＂(三者以上)都不＂，用none (of)。
【经典练】1．Neither Tony nor Frank ________ the CD very much.
A．like B．liking C．likes D．to like
【答案】C
【详解】句意：托尼和弗兰克都不太喜欢这张CD。
考查主谓一致。neither...nor...意为“既不……也不……”，连接并列主语时遵循“就近原则”，即本句中
由Frank决定谓语动词单复数，Frank是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故选C。
【写作佳句】（2023·江苏南通·统考中考真题）—It’s neither too cold nor too hot all year round in Kunming,
making it a perfect place to live in or visit.昆明一年四季不太冷也不太热，是一个居住或旅游的好地方。
考点 6.in surprise
6. ＂What happened?＂ she asked in surprise. 她惊讶地问道：＂发生什么事情了？＂
介词短语in surprise表示状态，意思是＂吃惊地，惊讶地＂。
☞ She looked at me in great surprise and asked for a long while, ＂Don’t you just leave for Australia this
morning?＂ 她极其惊讶地看着我，好久才问道：＂ 你不是今早才离开去澳大利亚了吗？＂
☞ He looked up in surprised when I ahouted. 当我叫喊时，他惊讶地往上看。
【知识拓展】
with也可与surprise搭配，with surprise与in surprise表达的意思相同。
☞ Bill’s eyes widened with surprise when he saw how much the meal cost. 当比尔看到这顿饭的价钱
时，他吃惊地瞪大了眼睛。
【经典练】1．“What happened?” the little boy asked in ________.
A．surprise B．attention C．conversation D．situation
【答案】A
【详解】句意：“发生了什么事？”小男孩惊讶地问道。考查名词辨析。surprise惊讶；attention注意；
conversation对话；situation情况。根据“the little boy asked in”可知是惊讶地询问发生了什么事情。故选
A。
2．（2022·贵州黔西·统考中考真题）—Tom, remember to turn off the gas burner(燃气炉) before you leave
home.
—Oh, I usually do that. I was just ________.
A．on my way B．in a hurry C．in danger D．in surprise
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——汤姆，记得在你离开家之前关掉煤气炉。——哦，我通常是这样做的。 我刚刚只是有点儿匆忙。考查介词短语。on my way在路上；in a hurry匆忙；in danger在危险之中；in surprise惊讶
地。根据“Oh, I usually do that.”可知，此处是指我经常这么做，刚刚只是有点匆忙。故选B。
【写作佳句】 You will surprised when someone looks at you in surprise.当有人惊讶地看着你时，你也会感
到惊讶。
考点 7 lend
7. Could you lend me some money? 你能借给我一些钱吗?
lend作动词，意为＂借给；借出＂。其后常跟双宾语，即lend sb sth意为＂借给某人某物；把某物借给某
人＂。
☞ Could you lend me some books? =Could you lend some books to me? 你可以借给我一些书吗？学&科网
【易混辨析】 不同方式的＂借＂
非延续性动词，表示主语把东西借给别人，常用结构：lend sb sth或lend
lend 借出
sth to sb
borrow 借入 非延续性动词，表示主语向别人借东西，常用结构：borrow sth from sb
keep 借(多久) 延续性动词，表示＂借某物多长时间＂，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用
【图解助记】
【经典练】1．（2020·四川攀枝花·统考中考真题）—Cindy, it's very nice _____________you to lend me
your car. It helps me a lot.
—It's my pleasure.
A．with B．of C．for D．to
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——辛迪，你把车借给我真是太好了。它帮了我很多忙。——这是我的荣幸。考查介词。
with有；of……的；for为了；to朝，向；根据句意理解及句子结构分析可知，这里是一个不定式逻辑主语的句型，英语结构是It is adj. for/ of sb. to do sth.，在这个结构中介词用for还是of取决于形容词，如果
形容词修饰sth.就用for，而如果形容词修饰sb.就用of，本题中的形容词nice是修饰you，所以应该用介
词of，故选B。
【写作佳句】I left my math book at my bedroom. She will lend me hers.我把我的数学书落在了我的卧室。
他将会把她的借给我。
考点 8 while
8. I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 你帮我洗餐具时我将完成我的作业。
while作连词，意为＂在……期间；当……的时候＂，引导的从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
☞ While children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.
孩子们玩耍时，家长们可以在海滩上学跳舞。
【知识拓展】while用法小结
用 法 例 句
常用来引导时间状语从句，强调主
While I was doing my homework last night, my parents were
句的动词和从句的动词所表示的动
watching TV. 昨天晚上我在做作业时，我的父母在看电视。
作或状态同时发生
用作并列连词时，意为＂然而＂， Some people waste food while others don’t have enough. 有些
表示对比 人浪费食物，然而有些人却没有足够的食物。
作名词，意为＂一会儿；一段时间
We are off for a while. 我们要离开一会儿。
＂
【经典练】1．—How do you feel ________ you are looking through the old photos?
—How time flies!
A．before B．while C．because D．so
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——当你翻阅旧照片时，你有什么感觉？——时间过得真快！
考查连词辨析。before在……之前；while当……时候；because因为；so所以。根据“How do you feel …
you are looking through the old pictures?”可知是问翻阅老照片时的感觉，后句表示时间，应用while引导时
间状语从句。故选B。
【写作佳句】（2023·湖南湘西·统考中考真题）A boy was playing games on the phone while walking across
the street.一个男孩在穿过街道时正在手机上玩游戏。
考点 9 invite
9. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我可以邀请我的朋友们来参加聚会吗?invite作及物动词，意为＂邀请；招待＂，常用结构为：
(1)invite sb to... 意为＂邀请某人到某地/参加某项活动＂。
☞ Thank you for inviting me to your house. 谢谢你邀请我去你家。
☞ She invited him to her 26th birthday party in New Jersey. 她邀请他参加她在新泽西举办的26岁生日聚会。
(2)invite sb to do sth意为＂邀请某人做某事＂。
☞ He wants to invite me to join the English club. 他想邀请我参加英语俱乐部。
☞ My father and mother want to invite your parents to go to the movies. 我父母想邀请你父母一起去看电影。
【经典练】1．（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）The high school invited a famous scientist _______ a talk on
World Earth Day.
A．giving B．to give C．give D．given
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这所高中邀请了一位著名的科学家在世界地球日发表演讲。
考查非谓语。结合“invited a famous scientist”可知，此处是invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，空处用
不定式作宾补，故选B。
【写作佳句】Tom gave me an invitation yesterday, but I decided not to accept it. 汤姆昨天给我一张请柬，但
是我决定不接受他。
考点 10 in order to
10. They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.
为了取得好成绩和进入一所好的大学，他们应该把时间花费在学业上。
in order to意为＂目的是；为了＂，后接动词原形，构成短语in order to do sth，表示目的；其否定式结构
为in order not to do sth ＂为了不做某事＂。
☞ In order to compass our object we must work hard. 为了达到我们的目标，我们必须努力工作。
☞ He kept silent over the matter in order not to lose his job. 他对这件事保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的这份工作。
【知识拓展】 order用法小结
(1)order作名词，意为＂命令；指示；顺序；订单＂等。
☞ Please put these shoes in order. 请把这些鞋子按顺序放好。
(2)order作动词，意为＂命令；点(菜、饮料等)；订(货)；预订＂等。后接名词作宾语。
☞ I just want to order a glass of juice. 我只是想点一杯果汁。
(3)in order to/in order that表＂目的＂。学科@网
in order to 意为＂为了＂，后接动词原形，用作目的状语
in order that 意为＂为了＂，后接从句，引导目的状语从句【经典练】1．We should study hard ________ get much knowledge.
A．when B．so that C．unless D．in order to
【答案】D
【详解】句意：为了获得更多的知识，我们应该努力学习。
考查连词辨析。when当……时；so that以便于，后接从句；unless除非；in order to为了，后接动词原形。
根据“We should study hard ... get much knowledge.”可知，努力学习是为了获得更多知识，get是动词原形，
故选D。
【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题）In order to keep our environment clean and tidy, we must
throw rubbish into the bins (垃圾箱).为了保持我们的环境干净整洁，我们必须把垃圾扔进垃圾箱。
In order to pass the exam, you need to work much harder now.为了通过考试，你现在需要更加努力学习。
考点 11 provide
11. It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家给
他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。
provide为及物动词，provide sth for sb＝provide sb with sth为某人提供某物。
☞ They can provide enough food for us. 他们可以给我们提供足够的食物。
☞ The school provides the students with delicious food every day. 学校每天给学生提供美味的食物。
【经典练】1．—Zhang Guimei is really a great teacher.
—Right. She ________ girls in the mountains ________ a chance (机会) to see the outside world.
A．gives; to B．provides; with C．puts; into
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——张桂梅真是一名伟大的教师。——是的。她给山区的女孩们提供了一个了解外面世
界的机会。考查动词短语。give to送给，提供；provide with提供；puts into投入。“给某人提供某物”
可表达为“give sb. sth./give sth. to sb./provide sb. with sth.。根据“She...girls in the mountains...a chance”可知，
provide sb. with sth.符合语境。故选B。
【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The newly-built teaching building provides the students with a
comfortable learning environment.新建的教学楼为学生提供了一个舒适的学习环境。
考点 12 . I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with
housework. 我认为对孩子们来说学习如何做家务和帮助父母做家务是很重要的。
本句是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，其句式结构如下：
I think [ it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework ].
形式主语 真正主语在从句中，it是形式主语，不定式复合结构for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents
with housework是真正的主语。
【知识拓展】 it作形式主语的用法
(1)当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某句中作主语时，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而真正
的主语放在句尾。
(2)it作形式主语的三种常见句型结构：
①It’s + adj. + to do...
②It’s + adj. + for sb + to do...
③It’s + adj. + of sb + to do...
(3)It’s + adj. + for sb +to do...与It’s+ adj. +of sb +to do...的用法辨析
It’s + adj. + for sb + to
句中的形容词常表示客观情况，如：hard，easy，important等
do...
句中的形容词常表示人的性格、品质与特点等，如kind，nice，
It’s + adj. + of sb + to do... clever等
考点 13. depend on
5. Children these days depend on their parents too much. 如今的孩子过多地依靠他们的父母。
（1）depend on/upon...依靠；依赖；信赖；由……而决定。其后可跟名词、动名词、代词宾格以及宾语从
句。
☞ You are adults now and should not depend on/upon your parents. 你们现在是成年人了，不应该依靠父母。
☞ Whether we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否去野营取决于天气。
☞ The value of life does not depend on who you are, but what you do. 人生价值并不取决于你是谁，而是你做
了什么。
【知识拓展】
常用句式＂It all depends.＂意为＂一切要看情况而定。＂
（2）too much意为＂太多＂，此处在句中作状语，常用于句末。
☞ Don’t worry about the problem too much. 对这个问题不要太担心。
【易混辨析】 too much/much too/too many的区别
too much ＂太多＂ 后接不可数名词
much too ＂太……＂ 后接形容词或副词too many ＂太多＂ 后接可数名词复数
【一言辨异】
Some students say they used to be much too tired because they had too much homework to do. 一些学生说以前
他们太累，因为他们有太多的作业要做。
【经典练】1．—Which bike should I choose, sir?
—It ________ what you want to use it for.
A．puts on B．depends on C．turns on
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——先生，我应该选择哪一辆自行车？——这取决于你想用它做什么。
考查动词短语辨析。puts on穿上；depends on取决于；turns on打开。根据“Which bicycle should I
choose”及“what you want to use it for.”可知，选择哪一辆自行车，要取决于用自行车来干什么。故选B。
2．—Why do you want a part-time job?
—Because I don’t think I should always ________ my parents.
A．depend on B．agree with C．run after
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你为什么想要一份兼职工作？——因为我觉得我不应该总是依赖父母。
考查动词短语。depend on依靠；agree with同意；run after追赶。根据“Why do you want a part-time job?”
可知，此处指想要一份兼职工作因为不想总是依赖父母。故选A。
【写作佳句】（2022·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题）We can depend on ourselves because we have already been old
enough.我们可以靠自己，因为我们已经足够大了。
考点 14. develop
14. Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after thenselves.
做家务帮助培养孩子们的独立性并教会他们怎样去照顾自己。
（1）develop用作及物动词时，一般与into搭配，意为＂发展成……＂。
☞ He developed the little shop into a big shopping mall. 他把那间小商店发展成为一家大型购物中心。
☞ The country is developing fast. 该国正在飞速发展。
（2）develop 及物动词，意为＂培养；养成；提高；成长＂。
☞ He developed an interest in science. 他养成了对科学的兴趣。
☞ This course will help you develop your writing skills. 这门功课将帮助你提高写作技巧。
【知识拓展】
developed adj. 发达的 developing adj. 发展中的
developer n. 开发者 development n. 发展，开发☞ America is a developed country while China is a developing one. 美国是一个发达国家，而中国是一个
发展中国家。
【经典练】1．With the rapid ________ of science and technology, robots can do a lot of things for us.
A．method B．development C．experiment
【答案】B
【详解】句意：随着科学技术的快速发展，机器人可以为我们做很多事情。
考查名词辨析。method方法；development发展；experiment实验。根据“With the rapid... of science and
technology”可知，此处指“科学技术的快速发展”。故选B。
【写作佳句】（2023·江苏常州·统考中考真题）As we live in a rapidly developing world, we will be left
behind unless we keep learning.我们生活在一个快速发展的世界里，除非我们不断学习，否则我们将被落在
后面。
考点 15. as a result＂结果＂
15. As a result, he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 结果，他经常生病，成绩也下降了。
as a result的意思是＂结果＂，常放在句首，而且用逗号与后面的句子隔开。
☞ He knew little English. As a result, he couldn’t understand what the American girl said. 他几乎不懂英语。结
果，他听不懂那个美国女孩说的话。
☞ He didn’t work hard. As a result, he failed his exam. 他学习不用功，结果他考试不及格。
【知识拓展】
as a result of意为＂由于＂，后接名词或者代词。
☞ As a result of his hard work, he passed the exam easily. 由于他努力学习，他轻松地通过了考试。
【经典练】1．He didn’t listen to the teacher carefully. ________, he couldn’t answer the questions.
A．For example B．However C．As a result D．As usual
【答案】C
【详解】句意：他没有认真听老师讲课。结果，他回答不出问题。
考查介词短语辨析。For example例如；However然而；As a result结果；As usual像往常一样。根据“He
didn’t listen to the teacher carefully. …, he couldn’t answer the questions.”可知，后半句是结果，因此此处用
短语“As a result”。故选C。
【写作佳句】（2020·四川广元·统考中考真题）Facial recognition(人脸识别)technology is widely used for
payment. As a result, we needn't enter the passwords any more.人脸识别技术广泛使用在支付上，因此,我们不
再需要输入密码。
考点 16. ＂the+比较级, the+比较级＂表示＂越……就越……＂16. The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会独立, 对他们
的未来就越有好处。
＂the+比较级, the+比较级＂表示＂越……就越……＂，为固定句式。
☞ The harder you study, the better grades you’ll get. 你学习越努力，你取得的成绩就越好。
【经典练】1．Check it again. ________ you write, ________ mistakes you’ll make.
A．The more careful, the less B．The more carefully, the fewer
C．The more careful, the fewer D．The more carefully, the less
【答案】B
【详解】句意：再检查一遍。你写得越仔细，你犯的错误就越少。
考查比较级的用法。the+比较级，the+比较级表示“越……越……”。write为动词，需要用副词carefully
来修饰，carefully的比较级为more carefully。故排除A、C项。mistakes为可数名词，应该用few修饰，
排除D项。故选B 。
【写作佳句】Nothing difficult. The harder you work at it, the more progress you will make.没有什么困难。你
越努力，你取得的进步就越大。
一．语法精讲
情态动词could的用法
could
can 的过去式 礼貌地请求 提出建议 推测
一、提出礼貌的请求
could表示委婉地请求，其句型结构主要有：
1. Could you +动词原形+...?
2. Could you please+动词原形+...?
意为＂请你做……好吗? ＂句型2比句型1语气更加委婉。肯定回答：Yes, sure. / Sure. / Of course. /
No problem. 否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t.☞ Li Lei, could you please help me? 李雷，请你帮我个忙好吗？
☞ —Could you come here soon? 你尽快过来，行吗？
—Sure. 当然可以。
☞ —Could you please close the window? 请你关上窗户好吗？
—I’m afraid not. 恐怕不行。
【注意】其否定结构为：Could you（please）not do...?
【知识拓展】
Would you mind doing sth? 也可表示请求，常用句型：
Would you please + do sth?
Would you + do sth?
肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem. / I’d love to.
否定回答：Sorry. / Sorry, I can’t. / I’d love to, but...
☞ —Would you mind cleaning your room? 你介意去打扫你的房间吗？
—No. I’d like to. 不，我很乐意。
二、表示请求许可
1. could表示请求允许，其句型结构为：
Could I/we +动词原形+...? 意为＂请问我（们）能做……吗? ＂
肯定回答：Sure. / Of course. / No problem.
否定回答：I’m sorry / Sorry, you can’t. 若关系比较亲近，也可以直接说No, you can’t.
【温馨提示】在以上句子结构中情态动词could不是can的过去式，而是用来表示委婉语气的，后跟动词
原形。
☞ Could I come in? 我可以进来吗？
2. 另外，用Could I ...？时，表示请求对方准许，对方回答时不能用could，而要用can。
☞ —Could I use your bicycle? 我可以用你的自行车吗？
—Yes, you can. 是的，可以。学！科网
3. 对于这种请求的肯定和否定回答的常用语
肯定回答常用语：Certainly. / Of course. / With pleasure. / No problem. / Sure. / Yes, you can.
否定回答常用语：I’m afraid not. / No, I’m afraid I can’t. / No, you can’t.
三、could与can的区别
could与can都是情态动词，could是can的过去式。二者都可用于表示请求，但是用法稍有不同：
1. can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对晚辈、上级对下级的场合。☞ Can you tell us your story, Tony? 你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，托尼？
2. could表示有礼貌地请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。
☞ —Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia? 请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？
—Sure. 当然可以。
二、家务劳动
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room ？
单元写作小专题
【单元话题分析】
本单元以＂家务、杂务＂为话题，围绕这一话题，引导学生学习掌握情态动词could表示委婉地请求
以及请求许可的用法。以谈论家务以及对家务喜欢与不喜欢的原因和理由为话题的作文或是请求他人帮
忙的电子邮件之类的书面表达是单元测试或中考所常考查的。
【单元写作目标】
本单元的话题为“做家务”，该话题就“学生是否应该做家务”提出观点，然后进一步阐述其利弊。
在写作时，要学会运用“Could I…？/Could you…？”来表达“请求得到许可”和运用“I think/believe
that…”或“I agree/disagree that…”表达自己的观点。
【单元写作素材】
◆开头句
①It is everyone’s duty to do chores.
②I think it is necessary for us to do housework.
③Now many students are too lazy to do housework at home.
④I think we should help parents do some housework.
◆中间句
①I swept the floor at first and took out the rubbish.
②We should finish our homework independently and make a study plan carefully.
③What’s more，I also cooked some porridge.
④Third，doing housework can relax ourselves.
⑤I often help my parents with much housework,such as cleaning the rooms,taking out the rubbish and doing the
dishes.
◆结尾句
①I believe if we can do these things，we will be more independent.
②I think it’s our duty to share housework to keep the house clean and tidy.
◆谚语积累
1.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。2.Easier said than done.说起来容易做起来难。
【话题范文剖析】
假如英语老师想知道你们班全体同学做家务的情况，作为班长，你为此进行了一次调查。请根据下
面的调查结果，用英语写一份80词左右的调查报告。
Students Chores Likes or dislikes Reason
18 clean the living room interesting
8 make the bed boring
4 wash clothes，fold clothes relaxing
2 … … …
参考词汇：lazy，chores，make the bed，water flowers，clean the room，take out the trash，relaxing，
interesting，proud，pleased，duty
要求：1. 必须包含表格中所给内容，可适当发挥；
2. 80词左右；
3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名和地名。
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
◆◆思路点拨
这是一篇材料作文，根据表格中的调查内容，给英语老师介绍一下调查结果。时态为一般现在时。
文章开头使用here be句型介绍班级人数，然后引入话题，多数学生在家都会做家务。接下来根据表格内
容，逐个介绍调查结果即可，包括人数，所做家务的内容，笑脸表示喜欢 like，哭脸表示不喜欢hate，然
后说明其原因。最后谈谈自己的观点。同时选择合适的连接词或过渡句，使文章具有一定的连贯性。
◆◆范文欣赏
There are thirty-two students in our class. Most of us do shores at home. Eighteen students clean their
living rooms every day. They think it's very interesting. Eight students make their beds after they get up in the
morning. They hate doing it. They say it's boring. Four students enjoy washing clothes and folding clothes. They
think they're relaxing. Only two students don't do any chores at home. I think it's bad for them. They should spend
some time on chores and learn to be independent.I、词汇知其变[注意词性变化]
1.扫;打扫v. sweep- (过去式) swept--(过去分词）swept
2.扔;掷v. throw-- (过去式) threw-(过去分词） thrown
3.借给;借出v. lend- (过去式) lent-(过去分词） lent
4.厌恶v. hate- (过去式) hated
5.精神压力;心理负担n. stress-焦虑不安的adj. stressed
6.发展;壮大v. develop-- 发展;发育;成长n. development
7.依靠;信赖v. depend- 独立的;自主的adj. independent- 独立n. independence
8.邻居n. neighbor- 街区;街坊n. neighborhood
9.有病;不舒服adj. ill- 疾病n. illness
10..落下;掉下v. drop- (过去式) dropped
11..合理的;公正的adj. fair-- (反义词) unfair- 一 公正性;合理性 fairness
II、重点短语知搭配[注意固定短语的英汉互译]
1. work on (doing sth) 从事
2. throw down my bag 扔下我的书包
3. as soon as 一…就…
4. unless 除非，如果不…（具有主将从先原则）
5. as tired as = so tired as 和…一样疲倦
6. depend on依赖；依靠
7. come home from school / work 放学/下班回家 be / come back from shopping购物回来 come over 过来
8. any minute / second / moment now 随时；马上
9. solve the problem 解决问题
10. sit down 坐下
11. replied angrily 生气地回答
12. all the time 一直；总是 all weekend 整个周末all day / evening = the whole day / evening 整日/夜
13. share the housework 分担家务
14. a clean and comfortable home 一个干净又舒适的家
15. watch one show 观看一个节目
16. a waste of time 浪费时间
17. get into a good university / senior high school 进好大学/好高中18. get good grades 取得好成绩 get better grades 取得较好的成绩
19. as a result 因此 as a result of 由于…的结果
20. develop children’s independence 养成孩子的独立 (习惯)
independence n. 独立性 --- independent adj. 独立的 develop v. 发展 --- n. development
21. have no idea how to take care of himself 不知道怎样照料自己
22. grades dropped 成绩下降
23. something to drink 喝的东西
24. finish doing sth. 完成做某事
25. mind (not) doing sth. 介意 (不) 做某事
26. welcome sb. 欢迎某人
27. invite sb. to sp. 邀请某人去某处 invite sb. to a party 邀请某人参加聚会
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
28. be angry with sb. 对某人生气 be unhappy with = be angry with 对…生气
be angry at/about sth.因某事而生气
29. (1) get sth. wet 使某物弄湿
(2) make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
(3) make sb. / sth. adj 使某人或某物变得…
(4) make it possible for sb. to do sth. 使某人有可能做某事
30. It’s adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 对于某人来说，做某事时…
Its fair / unfair for children to do something 对于孩子来说，做…是公平的/不公平的
31. there is no need for somebody to do something 对于某人来说没必要做…
32. (1) spend time / money on sth. 花钱或时间在某物上
spend their time on schoolwork 花时间在学业上spend time alone独自消磨时光
(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 在做某事上花钱或时间
33. in order to do sth. (in order that + 句子) 为了做…
34. provide sth. for sb. / provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
35. the 比较级+从句, the 比较级+从句。“越…，越…”
重点句型：
① Peter, could you please take out the rubbish?
彼得, 请你去倒一下垃圾好吗?
② Could you please sweep the floor?
请你扫一下地好吗?
③ I’m just as tired as you are!我和你一样累!
④ For one week, she did not do any house work and neither did I.
整整一周她没有做任何家务，我也没有做。
⑤ They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.
为了取得好成绩，进入一所好大学，他们应该把他们的时间花在学业上。
⑥ It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.
在家中为他们的孩子提供一一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。
⑦ Children these days depend on their parents too much.
现在的孩子过于依赖他们的家长。
⑧ Since they live in one house with their parents,they should know that everyone should do their part
in keeping it clean and tidy.
既然他们与父母同住在一个屋檐之下，他们应该知道每个人都应当尽自己的职责来保持家里干净整洁。
