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Unit 6 Crossing Cultures（复习讲义)
1. culture /ˈkʌltʃə(r)/ n. 文化；文明
2. cross /krɒs/ v. 穿过；越过；adj. 交叉的；跨文化的
3. greet /ɡriːt/ v. 问候；迎接
4. greeting /ˈɡriːtɪŋ/ n. 问候；招呼
5. custom /ˈkʌstəm/ n. 习俗；风俗
6. manner /ˈmænə(r)/ n. 方式；态度；(pl.) 礼仪，礼貌
7. polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj. 有礼貌的；客气的
8. impolite /ˌɪmpəˈlaɪt/ adj. 不礼貌的；粗鲁的
9. direct /dəˈrekt/ adj. 直接的；直率的；v. 指挥；指导
10. avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免；避开
11. subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ n. 话题；科目
12. conversation /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ n. 交谈；谈话
13. private /ˈpraɪvət/ adj. 私人的；私密的
14. public /ˈpʌblɪk/ adj. 公共的；公开的；n. 公众
单词
15. behave /bɪˈheɪv/ v. 表现；举止
16. proper /ˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 合适的；恰当的
17. basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj. 基本的；基础的
18. express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达；表示
19. expression /ɪkˈspreʃn/ n. 表达；表情
20. gesture /ˈdʒestʃə(r)/ n. 手势；姿势；v. 做手势
21. smile /smaɪl/ v. & n. 微笑
22. nod /nɒd/ v. & n. 点头
23. shake /ʃeɪk/ v. (shook/shaken) 摇晃；握手
24. hug /hʌɡ/ v. & n. 拥抱
25. kiss /kɪs/ v. & n. 亲吻
26. bow /baʊ/ v. & n. 鞠躬；弯腰
27. personal /ˈpɜːsənl/ adj. 个人的；私人的
28. space /speɪs/ n. 空间；空地29. distance /ˈdɪstəns/ n. 距离；间距
30. touch /tʌtʃ/ v. 触摸；接触；n. 触碰
31. respect /rɪˈspekt/ v. & n. 尊重；尊敬
32. value /ˈvæljuː/ v. 重视；珍视；n. 价值
33. difference /ˈdɪfrəns/ n. 差异；不同
34. similar /ˈsɪmələ(r)/ adj. 相似的；类似的
35. common /ˈkɒmən/ adj. 共同的；常见的
36. local /ˈləʊkl/ adj. 当地的；本地的；n. 当地人
37. foreign /ˈfɒrən/ adj. 外国的；涉外的
38. foreigner /ˈfɒrənə(r)/ n. 外国人
39. visitor /ˈvɪzɪtə(r)/ n. 参观者；游客
40. guest /ɡest/ n. 客人；宾客
41. host /həʊst/ n. 主人；东道主；v. 主持
42. accept /əkˈsept/ v. 接受；承认
43. refuse /rɪˈfjuːz/ v. 拒绝；回绝
44. invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ v. 邀请；招待
45. invitation /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 邀请；请柬
46. treat /triːt/ v. 对待；款待；n. 款待
47. understand /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ v. (understood/understood) 理解；明白
48. misunderstanding /ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ/ n. 误解；误会
49. communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v. 交流；沟通
50. communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 交流；沟通
51. clearly /ˈklɪəli/ adv. 清楚地；清晰地
52. mean /miːn/ v. (meant/meant) 意思是；打算
53. tip /tɪp/ n. 提示；技巧；小费
54. advice /ədˈvaɪs/ n. 建议；忠告（不可数）
55. suggest /səˈdʒest/ v. 建议；提议
56. suggestion /səˈdʒestʃən/ n. 建议；提议（可数）
57. experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ n. 经历；经验；v. 体验
58. abroad /əˈbrɔːd/ adv. 在国外；到国外
59. normal /ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的；一般的；n. 常态
60. abroad /əˈbrɔːd/ adv. 在国外；到国外
61. fit /fɪt/ v. 适应；合身；adj. 健康的
1. cross cultures 跨文化
短语
2. cultural differences 文化差异3. greet sb. properly 恰当问候某人
4. basic manners 基本礼仪
5. be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌
6. be impolite to do sth. 做某事不礼貌
7. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
8. start a conversation 开启对话
9. private subject 私人话题
10. in public 当众；公开地
11. speak in a loud voice 大声说话
12. keep quiet 保持安静
13. behave well 表现良好
14. proper behavior 恰当的行为
15. express oneself clearly 清楚地表达自己
16. body language 肢体语言
17. shake hands 握手
18. hug sb. tightly 紧紧拥抱某人
19. kiss sb. on the cheek 亲吻某人的脸颊
20. bow to sb. 向某人鞠躬
21. nod one's head 点头
22. personal space 个人空间
23. keep a distance 保持距离
24. touch sb. by mistake 误触某人
25. show respect to sb. 向某人表示尊重
26. value the friendship 珍视友谊
27. be similar to 与……相似
28. have...in common 有……共同之处
29. local customs 当地风俗
30. foreign countries 外国
31. treat sb. warmly 热情款待某人
32. accept an invitation 接受邀请
33. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
34. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
35. a formal invitation 正式的请柬
36. avoid misunderstandings 避免误解
37. communicate with sb. 与某人交流38. clear communication 清晰的沟通
39. the meaning of... ……的含义
40. give sb. some tips 给某人一些建议
41. offer advice 提供建议
42. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
43. a useful suggestion 一条有用的建议
44. have experience in doing sth. 有做某事的经验
45. study abroad 出国留学
46. culture shock 文化冲击
47. get used to sth./doing sth. 习惯于某事/做某事
48. fit in with sb./sth. 融入……；适应……
49. take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事
50. follow the rules 遵守规则
51. make mistakes 犯错误
52. learn from mistakes 从错误中学习
53. talk about sth. 谈论某事
54. look into one's eyes 看着某人的眼睛
55. stand close to sb. 站得离某人近
56. in different situations 在不同的场合
57. a guest from abroad 一位外国来客
58. act as a host 担任主人
59. be important to sb. 对某人来说很重要
60. know about... 了解……
1. It’s polite to do sth. 做某事是有礼貌的。
2. It’s impolite to do sth. 做某事是不礼貌的。
3. We should avoid doing sth. 我们应该避免做某事。
4. It’s important to know about different cultural customs. 了解不同的文化习俗是很重要的。
5. People in different countries behave differently. 不同国家的人们行为方式不同。
6. They greet each other by shaking hands. 他们通过握手互相问候。
句型
7. He nodded his head to show his agreement. 他点头表示同意。
8. We should show respect to the local people. 我们应该尊重当地人。
9. It’s a good idea to learn about body language. 学习肢体语言是个好主意。
10. She is used to living in a foreign country. 她习惯了在国外生活。
11. I find it difficult to fit in with the new environment. 我发现适应新环境很难。
12. Could you give me some tips on cross-cultural communication? 你能给我一些跨文化交流的建议吗？13. We communicate with each other by talking and gesturing. 我们通过交谈和做手势互相交流。
14. It’s normal to have some misunderstandings at first. 一开始有一些误会是很正常的。
15. They treat their guests with great warmth. 他们热情款待客人。
16. He refused to accept the invitation because he was busy. 他因为忙拒绝接受邀请。
17. She invited me to go to her birthday party. 她邀请我去参加她的生日派对。
18. When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗。
19. We should pay attention to our manners in public. 我们在公共场合应该注意礼仪。
20. Different cultures have different ways of expressing feelings. 不同的文化有不同的表达情感的方式。
21. It’s necessary to keep a proper distance in some countries. 在一些国家保持适当的距离是必要的。
22. I suggest going to the local museum to learn about the culture. 我建议去当地的博物馆了解文化。
23. He has much experience in dealing with cross-cultural problems. 他在处理跨文化问题方面有很多经验。
24. Body language is as important as spoken language. 肢体语言和口语一样重要。
25. We can avoid misunderstandings by communicating clearly. 我们可以通过清晰沟通避免误会。
26. She expressed her thanks with a big smile. 她用一个大大的微笑表达了感谢。
27. People in Japan usually bow to greet each other. 日本人通常鞠躬互相问候。
28. It’s rude to talk loudly in the library in most countries. 在大多数国家，在图书馆大声说话是粗鲁的。
29. We need to learn how to behave properly in different situations. 我们需要学习如何在不同场合恰当表现
30. Studying abroad helps us know more about different cultures. 出国留学帮助我们更多地了解不同文化。
语法 动词不定式（作主语、宾语、宾语补足语）
写作 跨文化交流与文化差异
、
知识点 1： 1. They press their palms together, bow, and say, “Namaste.”他们双手合十，鞠躬并说“合十
礼”。（教材P58）
分析：并列谓语结构，press、bow、say三个动作并列；“press one's palms together”是单元核心短语，描述
印度传统问候礼仪。
知识点2： You should only use your right hand to eat.：你应该只用右手吃饭。（教材P58）分析：情态动词should表建议，“use sth. to do sth.”表示“用某物做某事”，体现印度餐桌礼仪的文化特
点。
知识点3： Cows are protected in India. They are special to many people.印度的牛是受保护的，对很多人来
说它们很特别。（教材P58）
分析：一般现在时被动语态（are protected），强调牛在印度的特殊地位，契合单元跨文化习俗主题。
知识点4： It walked so slowly that we had to slow down and follow it!它走得如此慢，以至于我们不得不减
速跟在后面！（教材P58）
分析：so...that...结果状语从句，so后接形容词slowly，that从句表结果，强化文化场景中的意外经历表
达。
知识点5：It’s normal to be on time or a few minutes late, but arriving early can cause problems.准时或迟到几分
钟很正常，但早到可能会有麻烦。（教材P59）
分析：It’s + adj. + to do sth. 句型，it作形式主语，真正主语是不定式短语；but连接转折关系，体现法国派
对礼仪的文化差异。
知识点6：First impressions are so important that I don’t want to say or do anything wrong!第一印象如此重要，
以至于我不想说错话或做错事！（教材P59）
分析：so...that...结果状语从句，so后接形容词important，that从句表主观意愿，突出跨文化交流中第一印
象的重要性。
知识点7：You’ll see what I mean as soon as you get here!你一到这里就会明白我的意思！（教材P59）
分析：as soon as引导时间状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
知识点8：It’s impolite to point at people in many Asian countries.在很多亚洲国家，指着别人是不礼貌的。
（教材P59）
分析：It’s + adj. + to do sth. 句型，it作形式主语，不定式短语“to point at people”作真正主语，“point at”
是单元重点短语，描述肢体语言的文化禁忌。
知识点9：If you get confused, watch what everyone else does.如果你感到困惑，就观察其他人的做法。（教
材P60）分析：if引导条件状语从句，主句为祈使句，“get confused”表示“感到困惑”，体现跨文化交流中的应对
技巧。
知识点10：When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。（教材P62）
分析：时间状语从句省略结构（When you are in Rome），as引导方式状语从句，是跨文化交流的核心谚
语，总结单元主题。
知识点11：Nancy was embarrassed when she arrived early at a French party—she didn’t know it’s normal to be a
few minutes late there.南希提前到法国派对时很尴尬，她不知道在那里迟到几分钟是正常的。（教材P62）
分析：when引导时间状语从句，破折号后补充说明原因；“it’s normal to do sth.”再次强化单元重点句型，
体现文化差异导致的误会。
知识点12： Once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there.一旦
我习惯了，就对了解那里的文化更感兴趣了。（教材P62）
分析：once引导条件状语从句，“be used to sth.”表示“习惯某物”，描述跨文化适应过程，契合单元“文
化理解”主题。
单元语法
动词不定式（作主语/宾语/宾语补足语）
1. 动词不定式作主语
基本结构：It + be + 形容词 + (for sb.) + to do sth.（it作形式主语，真正主语是后面的to do）
单元高频例句：
① It’s polite to greet others with a smile. 微笑问候他人是有礼貌的。
② It’s important for us to learn about cultural differences. 了解文化差异对我们来说很重要。
拓展：To do sth. + be + 名词/形容词（直接作主语，多用于正式表达）
→ To behave properly in public is a basic skill. 在公共场合举止得体是一项基本技能。
2. 动词不定式作宾语
直接接to do作宾语的单元核心动词：want, hope, learn, need, try, refuse, invite, decide, plan
例句：
① We need to avoid making mistakes in cross-cultural communication. 我们需要避免在跨文化交流中犯
错。
② She refused to accept the invitation from the foreign friend. 她拒绝接受外国朋友的邀请。
特殊结构：find it + 形容词 + to do sth.（it作形式宾语，to do作真正宾语）
→ I find it difficult to get used to local customs quickly. 我发现很难快速适应当地风俗。
3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语
基本结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + sb. + to do sth.
单元高频接带to宾补的动词：ask, tell, want, invite, teach, advise
例句：
① Our teacher tells us to show respect to everyone. 老师告诉我们要尊重每一个人。
② He advised me to learn some body language. 他建议我学一些肢体语言。
4. 省略to的动词不定式（使役/感官动词后）
核心动词：let, make, have（使役）；see, watch, hear（感官）
结构：主语 + 使役/感官动词 + sb. + do sth.（主动语态省to，被动语态要还原to）
例句：
① The host made us feel at home. 主人让我们感觉宾至如归。（主动，省to）
② We were made to follow the local rules. 我们被要求遵守当地规则。（被动，还原to）
单元写作
单元核心主题“跨文化交流”，结合重点句型、短语和语法，以下有3条差异化作文思路，每条思路
包含主题定位、结构框架、素材方向和亮点表达，
思路一：个人跨文化经历类（叙事型）主题定位：讲述一次真实或虚构的跨文化接触经历（如接待外国友人、出国旅行、线上跨文化交流
等），突出文化差异与理解过程。
结构框架
1. 开头（引入场景）：用过去时交代时间、地点和人物，点明跨文化接触的背景。
例：Last summer, my family hosted a foreign exchange student named Lisa from the US. It was my first time
getting close to a person from a different culture, and I was both excited and nervous.
2. 中间（描述差异与冲突）：选取1-2个具体场景（如问候方式、餐桌礼仪、交流习惯），对比文化
差异，可加入小误会或困惑。
场景 1（问候礼仪）：Lisa wanted to hug me when we met, but I felt embarrassed because we Chinese
usually shake hands or nod to greet others.
场景2（话题选择）：She asked about my parents’ income directly, which made me uncomfortable—later I
learned that personal topics are not taboo in her country.
3. 结尾（感悟与收获）：说明如何化解误会、理解差异，总结跨文化交流的意义。
例：Through talking with Lisa, I realized that cultural differences are not barriers but bridges to learn from
each other. We should respect different customs and communicate openly to avoid misunderstandings.
思路二：跨文化礼仪建议类（说明型）
主题定位：针对“如何进行得体的跨文化交流”提出建议，结合单元重点礼仪知识，体现对不同文化
的了解。
结构框架
1. 开头（点明重要性）：用It’s important/necessary to...句型引出主题，说明跨文化礼仪的重要性。
例：With the development of globalization, cross-cultural communication is becoming more and more
common. It’s necessary to learn about different cultural customs to behave properly and show respect to others.
2. 中间（分点提建议）：选取3-4个核心礼仪点（如问候方式、话题选择、肢体语言、餐桌礼仪），
每个建议配具体例子。
建议1（问候礼仪）：Different countries have different greeting ways. People in Japan usually bow, whileWesterners often hug or kiss on the cheek. We should follow local customs to avoid making others uncomfortable.
建议 2（话题回避）：We should avoid private subjects like age, income or marriage when talking with
foreigners. Instead, we can talk about hobbies, travel or culture.
建议 3（肢体语言）：Body language is also important. For example, looking into others’ eyes shows
sincerity in some countries, but it may be considered rude in others.
3. 结尾（总结升华）：强调“入乡随俗”的理念，呼吁尊重文化多样性。
例：In short, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” Respecting cultural differences is the key to successful
cross-cultural communication. Only by understanding and accepting different customs can we build better
relationships with people from all over the world.
思路三：文化差异对比类（议论型）
主题定位：对比中外某一具体文化领域（如礼仪、节日、交流方式）的差异，分析背后的原因，表达
对文化多样性的看法。
结构框架
1. 开头（提出主题）：明确对比的文化领域，引出差异的存在。
例：There are many differences between Chinese and Western cultures, and greeting customs are one of the
most obvious ones. These differences reflect different cultural values and ways of thinking.
2. 中间（对比差异+分析原因）：先具体描述差异，再简要分析差异产生的原因（如历史、价值观、
生活方式）。
差异描述：Chinese people usually greet each other with “Have you eaten?” or “Where are you going?”,
which shows care and kindness. However, Westerners often say “Hello” or “How are you?” to keep a proper
distance.
原因分析：The difference comes from different values. Chinese culture emphasizes group harmony and close
relationships, while Western culture values personal space and independence.
3. 结尾（表达观点）：说明文化差异无优劣之分，应相互尊重、相互学习。
例：Every culture has its own characteristics, and there is no right or wrong. We should not judge othercultures by our own standards. Instead, we should learn from each other’s strengths and promote cultural exchange.
This is the true meaning of crossing cultures.
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1．—Alice, I wonder ________ you won the tug-of-war (拔河比赛) yesterday.
—Yeah! We pulled together and made it in the end.
A．though B．whether C．unless D．until
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——爱丽丝，我想知道你们昨天是否赢了拔河比赛。——是的！我们齐心协力，最终成功
了。
考查宾语从句引导词辨析。though尽管；whether是否；unless除非；until直到。根据答语“Yeah! We
pulled together and made it in the end.”可知，问句是在询问“是否”赢得了比赛，且wonder后常
接whether/if引导的宾语从句表示“想知道是否……”。故选B。
2．—Does the color red mean good things in Chinese culture?
—Yes. But writing one’s name in red is not good, and we usually ________ it.
A．allow B．advise C．avoid D．achieve
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——在中国文化中，红色代表好事吗？——是的。但是用红色写名字是不好的，我们通常
避免它。
考查动词辨析。allow允许；advise建议；avoid避免；achieve实现。根据前文“writing one’s name in red is
not good”可知，用红色写名字是不好的，因此我们通常会避免这样做。故选C。
3．The students were ________ when their teacher showed them an ________ science experiment.
A．excited; excited B．exciting; exciting
C．excited; exciting D．exciting; excited【答案】C
【详解】句意：当老师向他们展示一个令人兴奋的科学实验时，学生们都很兴奋。
考查形容词辨析。excited感到兴奋的，常修饰人；exciting令人兴奋的，常修饰事物。第一空主语是“The
students”，指人，应填excited；第二空修饰“science experiment”，指物，应填exciting。故选C。
4．It’s ________ to use your mobile phone while crossing the street.
A．unfriendly B．unsafe C．unhealthy D．untidy
【答案】B
【详解】句意：过马路时使用手机是不安全的。
考查形容词辨析。unfriendly不友好的；unsafe不安全的；unhealthy不健康的；untidy不整洁的。根据常识，
过马路时使用手机会分散注意力，容易引发交通事故，因此是“不安全的”。故选B。
5．You need to wear ________ clothes for the job interview.
A．uncommon B．formal C．simple D．dirty
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你需要穿正式的衣服去参加求职面试。
考查形容词辨析。uncommon不常见的；formal正式的；simple简单的；dirty脏的。根据“for the job
interview”可知，面试通常需要着装正式。故选B。
6．Tea is one of the most important symbols of Chinese ________.
A．competition B．comedy C．result D．culture
【答案】D
【详解】句意：茶是中国文化最重要的象征之一。
考查名词辨析。competition比赛；comedy喜剧；result结果；culture文化。根据“Tea is one of the most
important symbols of Chinese … ”及句意可知，茶是中国文化的重要代表，与“象征”搭配最合理。故选
D。
7．—Do you usually check your phone after waking up?—Yeah, I’ll take a look at the messages ________ I open my eyes.
A．so that B．even though C．as soon as D．as long as
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你醒来后通常会查看手机吗？——是的，我一睁开眼睛就会看一下信息。
考查连词辨析。so that以便；even though即使；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要。根据“I’ll take a
look at the messages … I open my eyes.”可知，“睁开眼睛”和“看信息”的动作几乎同时发生，强调
“一……就……”的时间关系。故选C。
8．The game won’t start ________ everyone is ready.
A．if B．because C．unless D．so
【答案】C
【详解】句意：除非所有人都准备好，否则比赛不会开始。
考查连词辨析。if如果；because因为；unless除非；so所以。根据“The game won’t start”可知，主句
“The game won’t start”与从句“everyone is ready”之间是条件关系，且从句是主句发生的必要条件，即
“如果大家没有准备好，比赛就不会开始”，应用unless“除非……否则不……”。故选C。
9．The city Nanchang is ________ popular ________ many people want to go there for a trip this year.
A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．very; that
【答案】A
【详解】句意：南昌市如此受欢迎，以至于今年很多人都想去那里旅行。
考查结果状语从句。so ... that ...如此……以至于…… (so后接形容词或副词)；such ... that ...如此……以至
于……(such后接名词)；too...to...太……而不能……；very...that...不是固定搭配。根据“The city Nanchang
is … popular”可知，空格后是形容词popular，应用so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”结构。故选A。
10．The doctors were ________ busy ________ they had no time to rest.
A．such; that B．so; that C．too; to D．too; that
【答案】B【详解】句意：医生们如此忙碌以至于没有时间休息。
考查固定句型辨析。such … that如此……以至于 (such后接名词)；so … that如此……以至于 (so后接形容
词/副词)；too … to太……而不能；too … that不是固定搭配。根据“busy”是形容词，且后接结果状语从句
“they had no time to rest”，应使用“so … that”句型。故选B。
二、根据要求完成单词拼写
11．It’s (proper) to interrupt someone while they’re speaking.
【答案】improper
【详解】句意：别人说话时打断他们是不礼貌的。proper“恰当的，礼貌的”，形容词，根据“... interrupt
someone while they’re speaking”可知，此处表示不礼貌的，需用其反义词improper。故填improper。
12．If you want to succeed, (first), you must believe in yourself.
【答案】firstly
【详解】句意：如果你想要成功，首先，你必须相信自己。first“第一，首先”，根据“you must believe in
yourself”可知，此处需用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，first的副词形式为firstly。故填firstly。
13．The desert in the (Asia) country is about 330 thousand square kilometers.
【答案】Asian
【详解】句意：这个亚洲国家的沙漠大约有33万平方公里。Asia“亚洲”，名词，根据“in the ... country”
可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词country，Asia的形容词为Asian“亚洲的”。故填Asian。
14．We have a lot of (tradition) festivals in China.
【答案】traditional
【详解】句意：在中国我们有很多传统的节日。tradition“传统”，名词，根据“a lot of ... festivals”可知，
此处需用形容词修饰名词festivals，tradition的形容词为traditional“传统的”。故填traditional。
15．The lady looked at her baby son and couldn’t help (kiss) him on the face.
【答案】kissing
【详解】句意：这位女士看着她的小儿子，忍不住亲了亲他的脸。kiss“亲吻”，couldn’t help doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“忍不住做某事”，需用动词的动名词形式。故填kissing。
16．She s (摇动) the box to make sure there was nothing inside.
【答案】shook/hook
【详解】句意：她摇了摇盒子，以确保里面没有东西。根据首字母以及括号内提示词可知，shake“摇动”，
动词；根据“there was nothing inside”可知主句动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时shook。故填shook。
17．For your own safety, never answer the door u (除非) parents tell you to.
【答案】unless/nless
【详解】句意：为了你自己的安全，除非父母让你开门，否则绝不开门。“除非”用unless。故填unless。
18．Giving is r (收到). We should be kind to others and help others in our life.
【答案】receiving/eceiving
【详解】句意：付出即是收获。在生活中，我们应该善待他人、帮助他人。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，
对应的单词是receive，是动词；句子中“Giving”是动名词作主语，系动词“is”后需要动名词作表语，因此
“receive”要变为动名词形式receiving。故填receiving。
19．You can see many traffic signs along the m (主要的) road.
【答案】main/ain
【详解】句意：你可以在主干道上看到许多交通标志。根据首字母提示和“road”可知，此处应填入修饰道
路的形容词。main“主要的，主干道的”符合语境，作定语。故填main。
20．They shook hands and c (祝贺) each other on their excellent teamwork.
【答案】congratulated/ongratulated
【详解】句意：他们握手并祝贺彼此出色的团队合作。由所给的汉语和首字母可知，congratulate意为“祝
贺”，由shook可知，此处用过去式。故填congratulated。
三、完形填空
Crossing cultures is an exciting journey that allows us to explore new worlds, meet different people, and gain
unique experiences. However, it also requires an open mind and basic knowledge of cultural differences to avoidmisunderstandings.
First, it’s necessary to learn about the 21 of the destination culture. Every culture has its own set of
customs, values, and behaviors. For example, in some Middle Eastern countries, it’s polite to decline an offer three
times before accepting it, while in Western countries, direct acceptance is more 22 . Knowing these
details can help us behave appropriately and show respect.
Second, paying attention to body language is crucial. Body language varies greatly across cultures. A gesture
that is friendly in one culture may be 23 in another. For instance, nodding the head means “yes” in most
countries, but it means “no” in Bulgaria. We should observe and learn from the local people to avoid sending wrong
signals.
Third, having a respectful attitude is essential. We should not judge other cultures by our own standards.
Instead, we should try to understand the reasons behind their customs and traditions. Even if we don’t agree with
certain practices, we should 24 them as part of a different way of life.
Fourth, learning the local language can make a big difference. Even a few basic words like “hello”, “thank
you”, and “sorry” can break the ice and show our willingness to communicate. It also helps us 25 with
local people more deeply and experience the culture from a closer perspective.
However, even with careful preparation, we may still encounter unexpected cultural shocks. That’s why it’s
important to stay 26 and flexible. When facing misunderstandings, we should remain calm, ask for
clarification, and learn from the experience. Panic or anger will only make the situation worse.
In fact, cultural differences are not barriers but bridges that connect people from different backgrounds. By
embracing these differences, we can broaden our horizons and develop a more global perspective. 27 we
keep learning and respecting other cultures, we will be able to build better relationships with people around the
world.
Remember, every culture is unique and valuable. There is no “superior” or “inferior” culture. As we cross
cultures, we should 28 the beauty of diversity and carry forward the spirit of mutual understanding and
respect. This not only enriches our own lives but also contributes to a more harmonious world.
Crossing cultures is also a process of self-discovery. It challenges our existing beliefs and teaches us to bemore tolerant and 29 . Through this journey, we learn not only about others but also about ourselves.
In a word, crossing cultures is a rewarding experience that requires preparation, respect, and an open heart.
30 we approach it with the right attitude, we will gain unforgettable memories and valuable life lessons.
21．A．characteristic B．characteristics C．character D．characters
22．A．accept B．accepted C．accepting D．acceptable
23．A．offensive B．hostile C．friendly D．politely
24．A．respect B．respects C．respected D．respecting
25．A．communicate B．communicates C．communicated D．communicating
26．A．calm B．calmly C．nervous D．nervously
27．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because
28．A．appreciate B．appreciates C．appreciated D．appreciating
29．A．understanding B．understand C．understood D．understandable
30．A．As long as B．As soon as C．Even if D．In order that
【答案】
21．B 22．D 23．A 24．A 25．A 26．A 27．A 28．A 29．A 30．A
【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了进行跨文化交流时的诸多注意事项，指出文化差异并非障碍而是桥梁，
跨文化交流是一场需要准备、尊重与开放心态的有益旅程。
21．句意：首先，有必要了解目的地文化的特点。
characteristic特征，单数形式；characteristics特征，复数形式；character性格、角色；characters性格/人物，
复数形式。根据后文“Every culture has its own set of customs, values, and behaviors”可知，文化的特征是多
种的，需用复数形式，故选B。
22．句意：例如，在一些中东国家，礼貌的做法是在接受提议前拒绝三次，而在西方国家，直接接受更易
被接受。
accept动词原形，接受；accepted过去式/过去分词；accepting现在分词/动名词；acceptable形容词，可接受的。句中“more”后接形容词构成比较级，作表语，描述“direct acceptance”的属性，故选D。
23．句意：在一种文化中友好的手势，在另一种文化中可能具有冒犯性。
offensive形容词，冒犯性的；hostile形容词，敌对的；friendly形容词，友好的；politely副词，礼貌地。根
据前文“Body language varies greatly across cultures”及后文举例可知，此处指手势的含义相反，应是“冒犯
性的”，且be动词后接形容词作表语，故选A。
24．句意：即使我们不同意某些做法，也应该尊重它们，将其视为不同生活方式的一部分。
respect动词原形，尊重；respects第三人称单数；respected过去式/过去分词；respecting现在分词/动名词。
句中“should”为情态动词，后接动词原形，故选A。
25．句意：它还帮助我们与当地人进行更深入的交流，从更近的视角体验文化。
communicate动词原形，交流；communicates第三人称单数；communicated过去式/过去分词；
communicating现在分词/动名词。句中“help sb. do sth.”为固定短语，后接动词原形，故选A。
26．句意：这就是为什么保持冷静和灵活很重要。
calm形容词，冷静的；calmly副词，冷静地；nervous形容词，紧张的；nervously副词，紧张地。句中
“stay”为连系动词，后接形容词作表语，且根据后文“When facing misunderstandings, we should remain
calm”可知，此处指“保持冷静”，故选A。
27．句意：如果我们不断学习并尊重其他文化，我们就能与世界各地的人建立更好的关系。
If如果，引导条件状语从句；Unless除非；Though虽然，引导让步状语从句；Because因为，引导原因状
语从句。根据前后句逻辑，“不断学习尊重其他文化”是“建立更好关系”的条件，故选A。
28．句意：在进行跨文化交流时，我们应该欣赏多样性之美，弘扬相互理解和尊重的精神。
appreciate动词原形，欣赏；appreciates第三人称单数；appreciated过去式/过去分词；appreciating现在分
词/动名词。句中“should”为情态动词，后接动词原形，故选A。
29．句意：它挑战我们现有的观念，教会我们更宽容、更善解人意。
understanding形容词，善解人意的、体谅人的；understand动词原形，理解；understood过去式/过去分词；
understandable形容词，易懂的。根据前文“more tolerant and”可知，此处需用形容词，与“tolerant（宽容
的）”并列，描述人的品质，“understanding”符合语境，故选A。30．句意：只要我们以正确的态度对待它，我们就会收获难忘的回忆和宝贵的人生经验。
As long as只要，引导条件状语从句；As soon as一……就……；Even if即使，引导让步状语从句；In order
that为了，引导目的状语从句。根据前后句逻辑，“以正确态度对待跨文化交流”是“收获回忆和经验”
的条件，故选A。
四、阅读理解
A
Avoid giving certain flowers in Russia
Be careful when giving flowers to your friends or business partners in Russia. Yellow flowers mean tricks or a
relationship break-up. No red carnations (康乃馨), either. Traditionally, red carnations have something to do with
death.
Don’t show up on time in Venezuela
Here’s one place. Being early or on time is viewed as being rude (粗鲁的) there.
In Venezuela, if you are invited to someone’s home for a meal, it’s suggested that you arrive 10 to 15 minutes later
than the requested time. Guests who arrive early or on time are viewed as being too eager (急切的).
Always use a knife and fork in Norway
In Norway, table manners are quite important. Most food, including sandwiches, is eaten using utensils like knives
and forks.Skip the bill in Turkey
When you’re doing business in Turkey, it’s the custom for your host to pay for your meal.
A request that you split (平摊) the bill will be viewed as a polite way, but won’t be accepted. If you would like to
pay your share, Turks suggest inviting your host to a follow-up meal.
31．What flowers can be given at a wedding in Russia?
①Pink roses. ②Red carnations.
③Purple flowers. ④Yellow flowers.
A．①② B．①③ C．①④ D．②④
32．If someone invites you to his home at 9 a.m. in Venezuela, which is a good time to arrive?
A． B． C． D．
33．According to the text, which country values table manners greatly?
A．Russia. B．Venezuela. C．Norway. D．Turkey.
34．When a man wants to pay for a whole meal for you in Turkey, what should you do?
A．Pay it all instead. B．Ask for a share of the bill.
C．Invite him for another meal. D．Invite him to your home.
35．Which part of a magazine does the text probably come from?
A．Health. B．Culture. C．Education. D．Sports.
【答案】31．B 32．D 33．C 34．C 35．B
【导语】本文介绍了俄罗斯、委内瑞拉、挪威和土耳其四个国家在送礼、赴宴、餐桌礼仪和付账方面的独特文化习俗。
31．细节理解题。根据俄罗斯部分的描述“Yellow flowers mean tricks or a relationship break-up. No red
carnations (康乃馨), either. Traditionally, red carnations have something to do with death.”可知，黄色的花
（④）和红色康乃馨（②）都不能送。因此，粉色玫瑰（①）和紫色的花（③）是可以赠送的。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据委内瑞拉部分的描述“In Venezuela, if you are invited to someone’s home for a meal,
it’s suggested that you arrive 10 to 15 minutes later than the requested time.”可知，如果邀请时间是上午9点，
建议9:10至9:15到达。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据挪威部分的描述“In Norway, table manners are quite important.”可知，挪威非常重视
餐桌礼仪。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据土耳其部分的描述“If you would like to pay your share, Turks suggest inviting your
host to a follow-up meal.”可知，在土耳其如果想回请，应该邀请主人再吃一顿饭。故选C。
35．推理判断题。通读原文可知，本文介绍的是不同国家的文化习俗，最可能出自杂志的文化板块。故选
B。
B
①As more and more people travel around the world, it is necessary (必要的) for them to know what to do in
different countries and how to deal with cultural differences. Here are different cultures from three countries.
②Canadians are easy to get along with and they usually say hello to each other even if they are strangers. When
men and women meet, women usually hold out their hands first. If a woman doesn’t want to shake hands, she can
just nod and smile. If a man wears gloves, he should take them off before shaking hands.
③Brazilians are very friendly and they always get ready to say hello to others. They stand very close to each
other when speaking and may touch each other’s arms or backs. And if you go to a business meeting in Brazil, you
are not expected to take a present.
④When you meet Indians, it is important to say hello to the oldest person first. But you’d better not hold out
your left hand when you say hello, because it is impolite. Also, many Indians are enthusiastic and they like to say
hello actively and have a conversation with you when you travel in India.
⑤Customs in different countries are like different flowers, forming a beautiful garden together. Learning torespect others’ ways is like giving a friendly smile. It can bring people’s hearts closer.
36．What will Canadian women do if they don’t want to shake hands?
A．Say hello to others. B．Nod and smile.
C．Touch others’ arms. D．Wear a pair of gloves.
37．Match the countries with the customs and choose the right answer.
①India ②Canada ③Brazil
a. Men take off gloves before shaking hands.
b. People stand very close when speaking.
c. Greet the oldest person first.
A．①-c; ②-b; ③-a B．①-b; ②-c; ③-a
C．①-c; ②-a; ③-b D．①-a; ②-c; ③-b
38．What does the underlined word “enthusiastic” mean?
A．Polite. B．Shy. C．Rude. D．Warm.
39．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Women in India usually hold out their hands first.
B．Men in India usually hold out their left hands to say hello.
C．People in Brazil don’t often touch each other when speaking.
D．People in Brazil needn’t take a gift to a business meeting.
40．What’s the structure of the passage?
A． B． C． D．【答案】36．B 37．C 38．D 39．D 40．A
【导语】本文介绍了加拿大、巴西和印度三个国家不同的社交文化习俗，强调了尊重文化差异的重要性。
36．细节理解题。根据“If a woman doesn’t want to shake hands, she can just nod and smile.”可知，如果加拿
大女性不想握手，她们会点头微笑。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据“When you meet Indians, it is important to say hello to the oldest person first.”可知，与
印度人见面时，先向最年长的人打招呼是很重要的。对应①；根据“If a man wears gloves, he should take
them off before shaking hands.”可知，如果男士戴着手套，他应该先摘下手套再握手，对应②；根据“They
stand very close to each other when speaking and may touch each other’s arms or backs.”可知，他们交谈时站得
很近，还可能会碰到彼此的手臂或后背，对应③。故选C。
38．词句猜测题。根据“many Indians are enthusiastic and they like to say hello actively and have a conversation
with you”可知，许多印度人热情开朗，他们喜欢主动打招呼并和你攀谈。enthusiastic表示“热情的、温暖
的”，与warm含义相近。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“if you go to a business meeting in Brazil, you are not expected to take a present”可知，
巴西商务会议不需要带礼物。故选D。
40．篇章结构题。通读原文可知，①段总起引出不同国家的文化差异；②-④段分别介绍加拿大、巴西、印
度的文化习俗；⑤段总结强调尊重文化差异的意义。故选A。
五、短文填空
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Lin is my new friend. She is from China while I am from Canada. Yesterday, she asked me to have dinner at
her house on time. And I promised 41 (be) at her house on time. Today, the traffic was heavy, but luckily
I was not late 42 dinner. After Lin opened the door for me, we greeted each other by 43 (kiss)
on the face. When I went into the house, I saw 44 old dinner table. It was full of dishes. During the meal,
I found that they ate 45 (quiet). Lin told me it’s 46 (proper) to make noise when eating soup
with spoons during the meal. Later, she showed me how to use 47 (chopstick). I tried many times.
Finally I picked up a piece of chicken on my 48 (five) try! I felt excited! I really enjoyed thanking Lin
for teaching me about Chinese table 49 (manner) and offering me such delicious Chinese food! Thedinner is important to me 50 it makes me know more about Chinese culture.
【答案】
41．to be 42．for 43．kissing 44．an 45．quietly 46．improper 47．chopsticks
48．fifth 49．manners 50．because
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了来自加拿大的“我”受邀到中国新朋友林家里吃晚饭，从而了解中国
餐桌礼仪、感受中国文化的经历。
41．句意：我承诺会准时到她家。“promise to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“承诺做某事”，故填to be。
42．句意：今天交通很拥堵，但幸运的是，我晚饭没有迟到！“be late for”是固定短语，意为“迟到”，
故填for。
43．句意：林为我开门后，我们通过贴面亲吻的方式互相问候。“by”是介词，后接动名词形式，kiss的动
名词为kissing，故填kissing。
44．句意：当我走进房子时，我看到一张旧餐桌。“old dinner table”是可数名词单数，此处表泛指“一张
旧餐桌”，且“old”以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰，故填an。
45．句意：吃饭时，我发现他们吃得很安静。空格处需填副词修饰动词“ate”，quiet的副词形式为
quietly，故填quietly。
46．句意：林告诉我，吃饭时用勺子喝汤发出声响是不合适的。根据中国餐桌礼仪常识及语境，此处表示
“不合适的”，proper的反义词为improper，故填improper。
47．句意：后来，她教我如何使用筷子。“chopstick”通常用复数形式chopsticks“筷子”，故填
chopsticks。
48．句意：最后，我在第五次尝试时夹起了一块鸡肉！表示“第五次”用序数词fifth，故填fifth。
49．句意：我非常感谢林教我中国餐桌礼仪，并为我提供如此美味的中国食物！“table manners”是固定短
语，意为“餐桌礼仪”，故填manners。
50．句意：这顿晚餐对我来说很重要，因为它让我更多地了解了中国文化。后句解释晚餐重要的原因，用
连词because“因为”，故填because。
六、书面表达51．假设你是李华，这学期你们班来了几位外国同学，他们对中国的餐桌礼仪及饮食文化很感兴趣。
请你根据以下提示内容，用英语写一篇短文，向他们介绍相关情况。
内容包括：
1. 一日几餐以及用餐器具；
2. 餐食的具体内容；
3. 中国的餐桌礼仪。
要求：
1. 参考提示内容，可适当发挥；2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；3. 文中不得出现任何真实信息（姓
名、校名和地名等）；4. 词数 80—100（开头已给出，但不计入总词数）。
Meals in China are different from the ones in the West.
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【答案】例文
Meals in China are different from the ones in the West. In China, we have 3 meals a day, breakfast, lunch and
dinner. We eat with chopsticks. We often eat baozi, noodles or porridge for breakfast. For lunch and dinner, we
usually eat rice, meat, vegetables or soup. If you plan to visit our country, it’s very important to learn about some of
our table manners. First, you are not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table. Second, it’s
impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food.
The golden rule is: When you're in China, watch the Chinese and do as they do!【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：主要为一般现在时；
③提示：围绕“中西方用餐差异”展开，先介绍中国人的一日三餐、餐具和常见饮食，再重点讲解中国的
餐桌礼仪，最后给出入乡随俗的核心原则，注意题干要求，不要遗漏任何信息。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点明核心对比——中国的用餐方式与西方存在差异，引出下文具体介绍；
第二步，介绍中国人的用餐基本习惯：一日三餐的划分，使用筷子作为餐具，早餐常吃包子、面条、粥，
午餐和晚餐以米饭、肉类、蔬菜、汤为主；
第三步，讲解中国的餐桌礼仪：有长辈时不可先动筷，不可将筷子插在食物中，这两种行为均属失礼；
第四步，总结核心原则，给出实用建议——在中国遵循“入乡随俗”，观察中国人的做法并效仿。
[亮点词汇]
①chopsticks筷子
②porridge粥
③table manners餐桌礼仪
[高分句型]
If you plan to visit our country, it’s very important to learn about some of our table manners.（if引导条件状语从
句）
