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选 择 性 必 修 第 三 册 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
Ⅰ.阅读理解
It is now China that holds the crown of high-speed train capital of the world.Here are
some of our picks for the greatest high-speed rail journeys.
The Shangri-La Train
Currently the longest high-speed rail route in the world and taking less than 11 hours
to travel more than 2，700 km on the quickest service，the Beijing to Kunming train
is a truly epic high-speed train journey.The train is named in honor of one of Yunnan’s
most famous cities，mythical Shangri-La.
The Panda Train
Taking between 12 and 13 hours to travel 1，690 km，this train zips along from an
ancient Chinese capital to the panda capital of the world.In route，the train passes
through Yichang.It’s here that you can stop off for a glimpse of the massive Three
Gorges Dam.
The Silk Road Train
The first high-speed train to extend out into China’s vast western regions connects the
1，776 kilometers between Urumqi，capital of Xinjiang，and Lanzhou，capital of
Gansu，in a little under 12 hours.The train follows the ancient Silk Road via the town
of Turpan，geographically the lowest place in China at 154 m below sea level.
The Island Train
When it opened in 2015，this was the world’s first circular high-speed rail-way
line，whirling 650 km around south China’s tropical Hainan island，in about five
hours，providing passengers with wonderful views of the South China Sea and the
best beaches.
1.What do we know about The Shangri-La Train?A.It’s named after a city of Yunnan.
B.It has the roughest route of the four.
C.It runs at a speed of 245 km/h all the way.
D.It travels along the longest railway in the world now.
2.All the trains listed below run inland except ________.
A.The Shangri-La Train
B.The Panda Train
C.The Silk Road Train
D.The Island Train
3.Who may be interested in the text most?
A.An agent. B.A traveller.
C.A driver. D.A designer.
A top motor show opened on Tuesday with exhibitors displaying their latest
innovations in electric cars in Munich，where Angela Merkel said the industry should
be part of the solution to climate change.
At the opening ceremony of the 2021 International Motor Show Germany，Merkel
talked about how the German auto industry was unwilling to go into the development
of electric cars several years ago，and only regarded them as concept cars.She then
talked about the huge progress toward electric cars in the last few years.“I am
pleased that it is now unmistakable that the trend is toward electric cars，” said
Merkel.She cautioned against focusing only on battery-powered cars ， saying
carmakers should also explore other available energy such as hydrogen.“The motor
industry is not just part of the climate problem，but above everything else，a central
part of the solution.”
According to the Digital Auto Report 2021 ， climate change has made a big
difference to mobility worldwide.It found the majority of people are willing to change
their personal mobility behaviour in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions(排放
物)，with 70 percent of respondents in Germany，97 percent in China and 52
percent in the United States in favour of reducing their carbon footprint.Switching toan electric vehicle is the preferred measure for achieving this goal in China and in the
US，while Germans would like to do more walking or cycling.However，in light of
the widespread virus，many people don’t travel by bus or subway as usual.This
provides great opportunities for the development of the motor industry.
Though industrial leaders are advertising their idea for electric cars and their
sustainability，environmentalists are not happy with that.Local police had expected
there would be 60，000 people on Saturday to protest against the show.On the
opening day，activists were seen holding banners(横幅)and hanging them from
bridges above motorways，with words“Stop driving climate change”.
4.What does Merkel expect the German motor industry to do?
A.Explore alternative energy sources.
B.Be aware of the function of concept cars.
C.Concentrate on battery-powered cars.
D.Be cautious about developing electric cars.
5.What does “This” underlined in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.The Chinese turning to electric cars.
B.The big mobility change in America.
C.The Germans’ preference for cycling.
D.The low demand for public transport.
6.What is the environmentalists’ attitude toward the development of electric cars?
A.Doubtful. B.Cautious.
C.Unfavourable. D.Positive.
7.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A.Climate Change Leads to Downward Mobility
B.German Motor Show Focuses on Clean Future
C.Climate Change Restructures the Motor Industry
D.German Motor Show Displays the Newest Models
Compared with the obvious environmental issues we hear about every day，littering
often takes a backseat—but it’s more pressing than we may think.
Some may say that a banana peel out of your car along the motorway would be aharmless action.Actually，they are wrong.A banana peel can take up to two years to
decompose ( 分 解 ) ， and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while
driving，that’s a whole lot of discarded banana peels，or much worse.An orange peel
and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana，
but tin and aluminium cans last up to 100 years，and plastic bottles last forever，so
do glass bottles and plastic bags.
Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment
and its animals for longer，we can’t only measure the severity of a certain type of
rubbish by its lifetime.For example ， despite having a fairly short biodegrading
span，more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is thrown away in the UK every
day.Similarly ， our regular littering here and there has caused the UK’s mouse
population to increase by 60 million.This suddenly isn’t so mysterious when you
consider that since the 1960s our annual littering has increased by an amazing 500 per
cent.
It’s not a cheap habit either：UK taxpayers spent ￡500 million on keeping the
streets clean.So，it’s not surprising that if caught fly-tipping，you could face a
￡20，000 fine.Regardless of how severe the punishment might seem，however，
among the reported cases only 2，000 were punished out of 825，000，so we still
have some way to go in making sure people observe the rules.
To take back our beautiful cities，we need to do more than simply not leaving
rubbish where it ought not to be.We need to care more about the world around us.
8.Which of the following is easiest to decompose comparatively?
A.An orange peel. B.A plastic bag.
C.An aluminium can. D.A glass bottle.
9.What can we know from Para.3?
A.Annual littering has increased a little in UK since the 1960s.
B.Shorter-lasting materials will be less harmful to the environment.
C.Cigarette-related litter is a severe environmental problem in UK.
D.Regular littering has caused the UK’s mouse population to reach 60 million.
10.Which of the following can best describe UK’s punishment on littering accordingto Para.4?
A.Every little helps.
B.A drop in the bucket.
C.No pains，no gains.
D.More haste，less speed.
11.What is the best title of the passage?
A.Rubbish collection—an urgent task
B.Environment issue—a big concern
C.Littering—a surprisingly big issue
D.Long-lasting material—a hidden danger
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·威海二模)
A future where insects make up a large part of the world’s diet is on the
horizon.Despite the unpleasant nature of such cuisine, insects have been considered a
delicacy in some parts of world for centuries.Their being low-fat and high-protein
makes them a perfect choice for reducing hunger.__1__
Animal protein from livestock (家畜), such as cows, chickens and pigs, takes up 80
percent of the entire world’s farmland, despite only making up less than one-fifth of
calories consumed globally.__2__Thus it would support a variety of biodiversity as
nature intended.
Insects such as grasshoppers, mealworms and crickets are packed full of protein with
much higher vitamin levels than pork or beef.__3__ Greenhouse gas emissions
through this process are also very little, with insect waste making excellent fertilizer
(肥料) for agricultural soil.
It seems that insects are an ideal solution to many issues the world today is faced
with.__4__ Urban areas of Asia, Europe and North America are most likely to
associate insects with dirt instead of as a tasty meal.
Times are changing.The European Union last year declared that mealworms were safe
for human consumption.Cricket protein powder is also increasing greatly inpopularity, with Canada rapidly becoming the largest market for the product.
__5__ As we explore our solar system, efficient means of producing animal based-
proteins will become vital.None are more efficient space-wise than insects.And the
colonies of the future could well find themselves enjoying fried crickets with a pint of
beer while watching the Martian sunset.
A.They also have a host of environmental benefits.
B.Insects reproduce quickly and have high growth rates.
C.Unlike agriculture, insects produce far fewer greenhouse gases.
D.They require little space, water and technology to raise compared to livestock.
E.However, making them a delicious cuisine can be a challenge in several cultures.
F.By freeing up livestock space, huge expanses of land could be returned to nature.
G.A future where insects will become invaluable to space exploration is also
upcoming.
选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了中国的四条知名的高铁旅行
路线。
1.A [细节理解题。根据 The Shangri-La Train 部分中的“The train is named in
honor of one of Yunnan’s most famous cities，mythical Shangri-La.”可知，The
Shangri-La Train是以云南最著名的城市之一香格里拉命名的。由此可知，The
Shangri-La Train是以云南的一个城市命名的。]
2.D [细节理解题。根据 The Island Train部分可知，The Island Train是环海南岛的一条高铁线路，由此可知，The Island Train不是内陆列车。]
3.B [读者对象题。根据第一段可知，本文主要介绍了中国的四条知名的高铁
旅行路线，由此可推断，文章与旅行相关，旅行者可能对此篇文章最感兴趣。]
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章围绕德国国际车展展开，以此来分析汽车
行业的发展趋势、发展原因以及环保人士对此的看法。
4.A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She cautioned against focusing only
on...explore other available energy such as hydrogen”可知，默克尔希望汽车行业不
要只关注由电池驱动的汽车，也应该探索其他像氢气这样的可替代能源。]
5.D [代词指代题。根据第三段中的“However，in light of the widespread
virus，many people don’t travel by bus or subway as usual”可知，由于病毒，许
多人都不像往常那样乘坐公共汽车或者地铁出行了，也就是说人们对公共交通
的需求少了，这为汽车行业的发展提供了机遇。]
6.C [观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“environmentalists are not happy with
that” 和 “ activists were seen holding banners( 横 幅 )...‘Stop driving climate
change’”可知，环保主义者对电动汽车行业的发展持不赞成的态度。]
7.B [标题归纳题。文章首段介绍了在德国国际车展上，参展商展示了他们在电动汽车方面的最新发明。第二段引用默克尔在车展上的讲话，揭示了电动汽
车的发展趋势，紧接着第三段作者分析了电动汽车发展的原因，最后一段介绍
了环保人士对此的看法。]
【语篇解读】 本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了与日常谈论的环保问题相比，
乱扔垃圾往往被置于次要地位——但它比我们想象的更紧迫。
8.A [细节理解题。根据第二段中“An orange peel and a cigarette butt has...so do
glass bottles and plastic bags.”可知，橘子皮相比较其他三种东西更容易分解。]
9.C [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials
will serve...is thrown away in the UK every day.”可知，在英国，与香烟有关的垃
圾是一个严重的环境问题。A、B、D项均与原文不符。]
10.B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Regardless of how severe the punishment
might seem...in making sure people observe the rules.”可知，关于在垃圾上的处罚
是远远不够的。结合选项意思可知，B项符合题意。A项意为“积少成多”；B
项意为“杯水车薪”；D项意为“欲速则不达”。]
11.C [标题归纳题。根据文章第一段以及最后一段可知，文章主要讲的是乱扔
垃圾是一个惊人的大问题。]Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了用昆虫制作美味佳肴的好处。
昆虫的低脂肪和高蛋白使它们成为减少饥饿的完美选择，而且用昆虫制作美味
佳肴还能带来许多环境效益。
1.A [上文“尽管这种菜肴的性质令人不快，但几个世纪以来，昆虫一直被视
为世界上某些地区的美味佳肴。它们的低脂肪和高蛋白使它们成为减少饥饿的
完美选择。”指出昆虫成为美味佳肴的原因，下文也介绍了昆虫的环境效益，
A项“它们还有许多环境效益。”承上启下，继续描述昆虫成为美味佳肴的原
因。]
2.F [上文“来自牲畜，如牛、鸡和猪的动物蛋白，占据了全世界 80%的农田，
尽管只占全球消耗卡路里的不到五分之一。”指出牲畜占据了全世界 80%的农
田，F 项“通过释放牲畜的空间，大片的土地可以回归自然。”承接上文，指
出释放这些空间会有好处。]
3.D [上文“蝗虫、粉虱和蟋蟀等昆虫富含蛋白质，维生素含量比猪肉或牛肉
高得多。”指出饲养昆虫的好处，下文“通过这一过程的温室气体排放量也很
少，昆虫废弃物可以作为农业土壤的优质肥料。”也是在讲饲养昆虫的好处。由此可知，空处也应围绕饲养昆虫的好处来写，D 项“与家畜相比，它们需要
很少的空间、水和技术来饲养。”承上启下，符合语境。]
4.E [上文“昆虫似乎是当今世界面临的许多问题的理想解决方案。”指出用
昆虫制作美味佳肴能解决许多问题，下文“在亚洲、欧洲和北美的城市地区，
人们更倾向于将昆虫与泥土联系在一起，而不是将其作为美味的一餐。”指出
有些地区不用昆虫来做美味佳肴。由此可知，E 项“然而，在不同的文化中，
把它们做成美味的菜肴可能是一个挑战。”和上文是转折关系，且下文具体说
明了 E 项内容。]
5.G [下文“随着我们探索太阳系，生产动物蛋白质的有效方法将变得至关重
要。在空间利用方面，没有什么比昆虫更有效率。”指出昆虫将在太空探索方
面发挥的作用。由此可知，G 项“昆虫将成为太空探索无价之宝的未来也即将
到来。”引起下文，符合语境。]
