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选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3 SEA EXPLORATION
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Coral reefs are a necessary part of sea life and support it by providing shelter and
habitat to various organisms.They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable
a fish population to boom，along with other species，for a healthy and diverse
ecosystem.
However，the rise in average water temperature due to climate change has resulted in
more frequent and extended “coral bleaching(珊瑚白化)”events that damage their
health，causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.
In order to repair this delicate ecosystem，scientists from the UK and Australia
conducted a study that involved using speakers underwater near damaged coral reefs
to make them sound healthy and attract fish，potentially starting the natural recovery
process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms.
The location of this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea，found
alongside the east coast of Queensland，Australia，which is famous for having the
largest coral reef system in the world that’s 2，300 kilometres long and covers an
area of nearly 344，400 square kilometres.By using loudspeakers to reproduce such
sounds ， areas of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish ，
compared to places where no sounds were played.These returning fish could help in
the recovery of this ecosystem by giving those areas of coral a chance of new life.
“Fish are important for coral reefs to function as healthy ecosystems.Increasing fish
populations in this way could help to start the natural recovery process，reducing the
damage we’re seeing on many coral reefs around the world.Of course，attracting fish
to a dead coral reef won’t bring it back to life automatically，but the recovery process
relies on fish that clean the coral reef to make space for coral to regrow，”said Mark
Meekan.
1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.The importance of coral reefs.
B.The influence of climate change.
C.The perfect place for sea species.
D.The ecosystem’s diversity and complexity.
2.What’s the purpose of using speakers underwater?
A.To make fish more active.
B.To test damaged coral reefs.
C.To help recover the ecosystem.
D.To help speed the growth of coral reefs.
3.Which of the following is TRUE about the experiment?
A.It wasn’t carried out in the largest coral reef system.
B.It drew much public attention.
C.It has brought dead coral reefs back to life.
D.The loudspeakers were helpful in attracting fish.
4.What is Mark Meekan’s attitude towards the use of speakers?
A.Doubtful. B.Positive.
C.Disappointed. D.Indifferent.
Several years ago，Jason Box，a scientist from Ohio，flew 31 giant rolls of white
plastic to a glacier (冰川) in Greenland.He and his team spread them across 10，000
feet of ice，and then left.His idea was that the white blanket would reflect back the
rays of the sun，keeping the ice below cool.When he came back to check the
results，he found it worked.The exposed ice had melted faster than the covered
ice.He had not only saved two feet of the glacier in a short time.No coal plants were
shut down，no jobs were lost，and nobody was taxed or fired.It was just the sort of
fix we’re looking for.
“Thank you，but no thank you，”said Ralph King，a climate scientist.He told
Grey Childs，author and commentator，that“people think technology can save the
planet，but there are other things we need to deal with，like consumption.They
burned $50，000 just for the helicopter to bring the plastic to the glacier.”Thisexperiment gives people false hope that climate change can be fixed without changing
human behaviour.It can’t.Technology won’t give us a free ride.
Individuals respond to climate change differently.Climatologist Kelly Smith is hardly
alone in her prediction that someday soon we won’t be climate victims—we will be
climate choosers.More scientists agree with her that if the human race survives，the
engineers will get smarter，the tools will get better，and one day we will control the
climate.But what then？“Just the mention of us controlling the climate sent a small
shiver down my back，”Grey writes.“Something sounded wrong about stopping
ice ages by our own will，”he says.
Me？I like it better when the earth takes care of itself.I guess one day we will have to
run the place，but for the moment，sitting at my desk，looking out at the trees
bending wildly and the wind howling，I’m happy not to be in charge.
5.Why does the author mention Jason Box’s experiment in the first paragraph?
A.To introduce a possible solution to climate change.
B.To describe a misleading attempt to fix the climate.
C.To report on a successful experiment on saving the glacier.
D.To arouse people’s attention to the problem of global warming.
6.Which statement would Ralph King most probably agree with?
A.The fight against climate change will not succeed.
B.Technology is not the final solution，let alone its high cost.
C.It’s best to deal with climate change without changing our behaviour.
D.Jason’s experiment plays a significant role in fixing climate change.
7.What is Grey Childs’ attitude to human’s controlling the climate?
A.Favourable. B.Tolerant.
C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.
8.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A.But should we fix the climate?
B.Is climate change a real problem?
C.How can we take care of the earth?
D.What if all the glaciers disappeared?Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·湖南省郴州市二模)
As a florist，I spent hours arranging the display for an event.But a day later，it was
unwanted and thrown away __1__.I wanted to do something with it，believing many
of the flowers still in good condition could be __2__.
Thinking I could make the most of these beautiful __3__，I started taking home as
many as possible ， and giving them to hospitals ， but there were still many
__4__.Then，one day I had an __5__.
I began repurposing some of them into __6__ items.A pink agapanthus ( 百 子
莲)became a necklace，while I used a banksia(山龙眼)as a giant headpiece.A
friend，Lily was attractive，with the orange flowers on her __7__，which looked
like a famous hairstyle.And some of my creations were __8__ by another friend.
Sharing the photos on the social media got people __9__.Many were __10__ at how
wasteful the floral industry could be.By then，I found more __11__.My artworks
showed me that we really could __12__ flowers.On Valentine’s Day，there were so
many __13__ roses that I wove them together into a giant red suit，which Lily wore
while walking through the city.
I think my work is __14__ the ideas about beauty.Something that people might think
is __15__ for the bin can really have a whole other life in it.So I hope people can
think more about what they throw out.
1.A.specially B.patiently
C.intentionally D.carefully
2.A.refunded B.reused
C.returned D.recommended
3.A.stages B.displays
C.plants D.memories
4.A.left over B.taken over
C.looked over D.got over
5.A.interview B.accident
C.opportunity D.idea6.A.sales B.work
C.study D.fashion
7.A.way B.head
C.list D.back
8.A.created B.approved
C.identified D.photographed
9.A.performing B.talking
C.competing D.succeeding
10.A.alarmed B.relieved
C.shocked D.embarrassed
11.A.possibilities B.statistics
C.standards D.examples
12.A.purchase B.wear
C.choose D.generate
13.A.unwanted B.indoor
C.beautiful D.fake
14.A.comprising B.classifying
C.changing D.collecting
15.A.convenient B.enough
C.essential D.fit
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024·山西省晋中市高三二模)
The Grand Canal，a great man-made project completed in ancient China ，has
witnessed Chinese history spanning over 2 ，500 years.On June 22 ，2014，it
1.____________(include) on the World Cultural Heritage List.
Over a thousand years，the Grand Canal has been meandering (蜿蜒而行) through
eight provinces and cities along 2.____________ (it) course of 3，200 kilometers and
connecting five major rivers ，which 3.____________(be) the longest and oldest
canal in the world.It is a precious heritage 4.____________(pass) down to us by our
ancestors.In modern times，as 5.____________ result of social unrest，climate change，
economic change and other impacts，the Grand Canal has been troubled by a series
of problems such as river channel cutoff，water 6.____________(pollute)，and
water ecological damage.It was once the Chinese people’s dream that the Grand Canal
could be restored to the past glory.
7.____________ the beginning of the new era，many places along the Grand Canal
have launched ecological restoration projects.While maintaining the original form of
the river course，they have focused on scientific protection and cultural heritage，
8.____________(highlight) the cultural，historical and ecological value of the Grand
Canal.
On April 28，2022，the Grand Canal was refilled with water for the first time in a
century，after a 14-day water-supply project.With 9.________(far) development of
the project，the Grand Canal has gradually restored the past shipping capacity.Boat
tours 10.____________cargo transportation have become available along the
course.The “Golden Waterway” turns clean and lively again.
选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要组成部分。然而，
气候变化造成了珊瑚白化。科学家们进行了研究，在水下使用扬声器来吸引鱼
群，以帮助恢复受损的珊瑚礁。
1.A [段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要组成部分，
不但为各种海洋生物提供住所和栖息地，还提供和回收利用营养物质，使鱼类
种群与其他物种一起繁荣发展，形成一个健康和多样化的生态系统。由此可推知，本段主要讲述了珊瑚礁的重要性。]
2.C [细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，为了修复珊瑚礁这一脆弱的生态系
统，科学家们在水下使用了扬声器。]
3.D [正误判断题。根据第四段中的“By using loudspeakers...where no sounds
were played.”可知，与没有播放声音的地方相比，在该实验中用扬声器产生的声
音为死去的珊瑚礁吸引了两倍多的鱼。]
4.B [观点态度题。根据最后一段 Mark Meekan说的话可知，扬声器可以吸引
鱼群，鱼群虽然不会使死珊瑚礁自动复活，但其恢复过程依赖鱼来清洁珊瑚礁，
以给珊瑚重新生长的空间，由此可推知，Mark Meekan对使用扬声器持肯定的
态度。]
【语篇解读】 本文是议论文。文章以一个付出巨大代价保护冰川的实例告诉
人们，看起来气候变化可以在不改变人类行为的情况下得到解决，但不同的人
对此有不同的看法，比如有人认为科技不能帮助人类在不改变自身行为的前提
下修正气候变化；有人对人类控制气候的说法感到一丝恐惧等。
5.B [写作意图题。根据第二段中的“This experiment...give us a free ride”可知，
作者认为这个实验会给人们一种错误的希望，但其实气候变化在不改变人类行为的情况下不能得到修正。由此可知，作者在第一段提到 Jason Box的实验是为
了描述一次具有误导性的修正气候的尝试。]
6.B [推理判断题。根据第二段 Ralph King所说的话可推知，Ralph King认为
用科技解决气候问题花费高，且科技不是最终解决方案。]
7.C [观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Just the mention...back”“Something
sounded...by our own will”可知，Grey Childs认为人类控制气候听起来就有点让
人害怕，故Grey Childs对此持怀疑态度。]
8.A [标题归纳题。第一段作者介绍了Jason Box拯救冰川的实验；第二段作者
认为此次实验传递给人们错误的希望，并认为在不改变人类行为的情况下科技
不能修正气候变化；第三段作者介绍了不同人对人类控制气候的看法；第四段
作者认为地球有自己的规律，我们应顺其自然。故本文可用A项(但是我们应该
修正气候吗？)作标题。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者作为一名花商，利用被丢弃的鲜花制作
成一些时尚物品，从而呼吁更多人关注被扔掉的东西。
1.C [结合前文“it was unwanted and thrown away”可知，鲜花被故意丢掉了。
intentionally故意地。]2.B [结合前文“believing many of the flowers still in good condition”可知，许多
花仍然很好，所以可以被重新利用。]
3.C [根据上文“believing many of the flowers still in good condition”可知，此处
指作者想充分利用这些花，这里用plants指代上文的flowers。]
4.A [结合上文“As a florist，I spent hours arranging the display for an event.”及
“I started taking home as many as possible，and giving them to hospitals，but there
were still many”可知，布置一次展出会用到很多的花，所以此处指我尽可能多
地把被扔掉的一些花带回家，但仍有许多花被剩下。leave over留下，剩下；
take over接管；look over检查；审查；get over克服。]
5.D [结合下文“A pink agapanthus (百子莲)became a necklace，while I used a
banksia(山龙眼) as a giant headpiece.”可知，作者把带回来的花做成了其他的东
西，因此此处指作者有了一个想法。]
6.D [结合下文“A pink agapanthus (百子莲)became a necklace，while I used a
banksia(山龙眼) as a giant headpiece.”可知，项链和头饰都是时尚物品。]
7.B [结合下文“which looked like a famous hairstyle”可知，莉莉头上戴着橘色
的花。]8.D [结合下文“Sharing the photos on the social media”可知，把照片发在网上，
因而这里指我的一位朋友拍了我的作品的照片。]
9.B [结合下文“ Many were at how wasteful the floral industry could be.”
可知，看到照片上的花，引发了人们的议论。]
10.C [根据下文“how wasteful the floral industry could be”可知，人们对于花卉
的浪费很是震惊。alarmed 担心；害怕；relieved 放心的；感到宽慰的；
embarrassed尴尬的。]
11.A [结合下文“I wove them together into a giant red suit，which Lily wore
while walking through the city”可知，此处指作者找到了把花做成其他物品的可
能性。]
12.B [结合下文“I wove them together into a giant red suit，which Lily wore
while walking through the city”可知，作者把花编织成一件巨大的红色套装，莉
莉穿着它在城里散步，因而此处指我们可以穿戴鲜花。]
13.A [结合前文内容可知，作者把被扔掉的状态好的花卉做成其他的时尚装饰
品，所以此处指作者把无用的玫瑰做成了一个巨大的红色套装。]
14.C [结合上文“My artworks showed me that we really could flowers.”及“ I wove them together into a giant red suit，which Lily wore while walking
through the city”可知，作者通过把花做成套装，让朋友穿在身上，因而此处指
作者的做法正在改变人们对美的看法。]
15.D [结合下文“for the bin”及“I hope people can think more about what they
throw out.”可知，被扔掉的东西理应在垃圾桶里。所以此处指适合在垃圾桶的东
西。]
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了大运河的状况，包括其历史
变迁及新时代的新面貌。
1.was included [考查时态语态和主谓一致。此处为句子的谓语部分，根据本句
时间状语“On June 22，2014”可知，本句谓语应用一般过去时，根据句意可知，
此处表示大运河被包括在世界文化遗产名录中，故应用被动语态，因此空格处
是一般过去时的被动语态，主语it为单数形式，故填was included。]
2.its [考查代词。分析句子成分可知，空后有名词course，故应填形容词性物
主代词its。故填its。]
3.is [考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一千多年来，大运河绵延 3 200公里，蜿蜒
流经8个省市，连接了5条主要河流，是世界上最长、最古老的运河。根据句意可知，此处which指代主句的主语the Grand Canal，故谓语动词应用单数形式；
本句旨在说明大运河的客观情况，应用一般现在时，故填is。]
4.passed [考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是 is，空格处用非谓语动词，所给动词
pass与其逻辑主语heritage之间是动宾关系，故应用过去分词作定语，表被动，
故填passed。]
5.a [考查冠词。as a result of为固定短语，意为“因为，由于”，所以应填不
定冠词a。故填a。]
6.pollution [考查词性转换。空处与 river channel cutoff 和 water ecological
damage为such as后面的三个并列名词短语，所以此处应填名词 pollution，意为
“污染”，是不可数名词。故填pollution。]
7.Since [考查介词。由主句谓语部分“have launched”可知，主句时态为现在完
成时，所以本句的时间状语应该表示“从过去到现在”，空格处意为“自从”，
用since，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Since。]
8.highlighting [考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是“have focused on”，空格处用非
谓语动词，句子主语they与所给动词highlight之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用
现在分词表主动，作状语，故填highlighting。]9.further [考查比较等级。句意：随着工程的进一步发展，大运河逐渐恢复了
过去的通航能力。根据句意可知，此处意为“随着工程的进一步发展”，表示
抽象的进一步，故填further。]
10.and [考查并列连词。根据句子的谓语部分“have become available”可知，
Boat tours和cargo transportation之间为并列关系，所以应填并列连词and。故填
and。]
