文档内容
冠 词
冠词包括定冠词the(一般表特指)和不定冠词a/an(泛指一般的
普通名词)
一、 定冠词the的用法
注意读音：the desk the apple
1、the +单数名词，表示一类人或事物
eg: The horse is a useful animal.
2、the +形容词，表示一类人或事物
eg: the poor the rich
3、口语中，谈话双方都知道的特定的人或事物
eg: Pass me the book, please.
4、特指再次提及的人或事物
eg: He bought a book yesterday. The book is on the desk.
5、表示世界上独一无二的事物
eg: the earth the sun the moon
6、用在西洋乐器前（但一般不用在中国乐器前）
eg: play the piano ( play erhu )
7、用在姓氏复数前表示一对夫妇或一家人
eg: the Smiths
8、用在系数词前
eg: the first the second the last
9、用在形容词或副词的最高级前
eg: the oldest the fastest the coldest
注意区分下面两句话：
It’s the most beautiful.
It’s most(very) beautiful.
另外当两个形容词或副词的最高级并列修饰同一名词时，
后一个最高级前the可省略
He is the tallest and (the) fastest in our class.10、 用在方位词和某些表示时间的词组或习惯用语前
eg: on the left/right in the east in the middle of
in the end in the morning/afternoon/evening
in the daytime on the other hand
11、 表示在世纪的某个年代
eg: in the 1990’s in the 1870s
12、 用在表示单位的名词前
eg: by the hour/day/week/month/year
by the yard(码)/foot(英尺)
Eggs are sold by the dozen.
(注意比较：Eggs are sold by weight.)
13、 在某些专有名词前
eg: the Summer Palace the Red Sea
the New York Times the Bible
14、 用在表示身体部位的名词前
eg: He gave me a pat(拍) on the shoulder.
二、 不定冠词a/an的用法
注意使用：a bag an apple
an hour a useful box an unusual day
1、a/an + 单数名词，表示一类人或事物
eg: A fox is a cunning(狡猾的) animal.
2、表示一个人或事物，起介绍作用
eg: He is a doctor.
3、说明事物的同一性质、特征、程度或大小 = the same
eg: The two shirts are of a size.
Birds of a feather flock together.
4、用在表示时间或度量单位的名词前，具有“每一”的意思 =
per
eg: 60 miles an hour 1000 yuan a month5、用于人名前，表示说话人对此人不认识，也可以表示与某一
名人有类似性质的人或事物
eg: A Mr. Smith（一个叫史密斯先生的人）came to see you
this morning.
He is a LeiFeng in our class.
He wishes to become a Newton.
三、 零冠词的使用
1、复数名词表示一类人或事物
eg: Cows are useful animals.
2、在表示人名、地名、国名、季节、月份、星期几以及节日的
名词前
eg: Tom Fujian China Spring May Sunday National Day
但以festival表达的节日则要使用冠词 eg: the Spring
Festival
3、一日三餐及球类前
eg: have breakfast play basketball
4、表示学科、棋类、颜色和感官名词前
eg: maths play chess White is a beautiful colour. Smell
is one of the five senses.
5、称呼语或表示身份、职位、头衔的名词前
eg: Good morning, boys and girls. Where is Dad, Mum?
Uncle Wang President Lincoln
6、物质名词和抽象名词前
eg: Desks are made of wood. Failure is the mother of
success.
7、与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前
eg: by bike by bus by sea/land/air
但如果换成其它表达就要使用冠词
eg: in a boat on the bus take a taxi
8、名词前有名词所有格、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、疑问
词以及某些形容词(some/ any/ many/ much / little/ alittle/ few/ a few / each/ every/ either/ another/ both/ all/
no等)作定语时
eg: Whose purse is this?
9、以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时
eg: day and night pen and ink husband and wife father and
son
master and servant(仆人) heart and soul brother and
sister
10、 某些介词连接的两个相对的名词时也不用冠词
eg: face to face hand in hand step by step side by side
from top to bottom from beginning to end
11、 用 as 引导的让步状语从句，作为表语的名词提前且为单数
时使用零冠词
eg: Child as he is, he can answer this question.
四、 使用冠词与不使用冠词的差异
eg: in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院 at school/at the
school
in church作礼拜/in the church by sea乘船/by the sea
in front of/in the front of in future从今以后/in the future未来
out of question毫无疑问；没问题/out of the question不可能
五、 使用定冠词与使用不定冠词的差异
eg: the most important meeting /a most important meeting
the third time第三次/a third time第三次+又(再)一次
in the distance在远处/at a distance稍远一些
for the moment目前；暂时/for a moment一会儿
a number of许多/the number of………的数量
六、 两个或多个名词并列使用时的差异
两个或多个名词并列使用时，若指一个人或事物，则在第一个
名词前加冠词，若指两个或多个不同的人或事物，则每个名词前
都要加冠词。eg: a Chinese and English dictionary一本汉英词典
a Chinese and an English dictionary 一本汉语词典和一本英语词
典
He is a teacher and writer. They are a teacher and a writer.
