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课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版

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课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
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课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版
课堂笔记_新人教八下资料包_01课堂笔记共3套完整版

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义 务 教 育 教 科 书 英 语 八年 级 ENGLISH义 务 教 育 教 科 书 八年级 下册 人民教育出版社课程教材研究所 编著 · 北 京 ·主 编:刘道义 郑旺全 分册主编:张献臣 编写人员(以姓氏笔画为序): 宇文利 李 晓 吴莎莎 宋春燕 张琳琳 陆锡钦 林玉琴 周宁之 责任编辑:熊金霞 责任设计:胡白珂 责任校对:李嘉楠 责任印制:王 超 义务教育教科书 英语八年级 下册 人民教育出版社 课程教材研究所 编著 出 版 人民教存水所社 (北京市海淀区中关村南大街17号院1号楼 邮编:100081) 网 址 http://www.pep.com.cn 重 印 ×××有限公司 发 行 ××××有限公司 印 刷 ××××有限责任公司 版 次 ××××年×月第1版 印 次 ××××年×月第1次印刷 开 本787毫米×1092毫米1/16 印 张 字 数 千字 书 号 ISBN 978-7-107-- 定 价 x. ×× 元 价格依据文件号:××× 版权所有 ·未经许可请勿擅用本书制作各类出版物 ·违者必究 如发现印、装质量问题,影响阅读,请与××××公司联系。电话:××××-×××××××致同学 亲爱的同学们,欢迎你们进入八年级下学期的学习!在这个学期, 本套教科书将继续陪伴你们完成更有挑战性的任务,取得更大进步。 本套教科书各单元以主题为引领,以问题为线索,以活动为途 径,关联现实生活,体现时代特征,包含丰富的文化内容。学习这套 教科书可以帮助你们发展语言能力,培育文化意识,提升思维品质, 提高学习能力,树立国际视野,涵养家国情怀,坚定文化自信,形成 正确的世界观、人生观和价值观。 八年级下册共有八个单元,单元主题在深度和广度上都有所提升。 第一单元探讨如何兼顾学习和休闲、平衡工作和生活。第二单元通过 描述身体健康问题和安全事故,培养你们的生命安全意识。第三单元 关注青少年成长中的“烦恼”,帮助你们做好心理调节,拥有积极乐 观的心态。第四单元介绍壮美的自然奇观,希望你们热爱自然,保护 自然,理解挑战自我和探索自然的意义。第五单元描述自然灾害对人 类的影响,引导你们敬畏自然,提高防灾减灾意识。第六单元介绍不 同文化的传统和习俗,帮助你们增强文化自信,培养跨文化理解与沟 通能力。第七单元展现中外经典文学作品,带你们领略文学魅力,提 升文学素养,希望你们得到心灵的滋养和人生的感悟。第八单元聚焦 志愿者服务,希望你们心中有大爱,乐于助人,无私奉献。 读书破万卷,下笔如有神。希望你们继续加强阅读和写作,多思 考、多实践;积极利用英语学习资源,勤练习、勤反思。相信在学期 结束时,你们的英语水平一定会迈上一个新台阶!CONTENTS Unit Section A ②How do you spend your free time? 1 Time to 你如何度过空闲时间? Relax Listening:A survey on free-time activities 听力:关于休闲活动的调查 1. 放松时刻 A conversation about taking up ahobby 一段关于培养爱好的对话 Why are free- Speaking:Talk about hobbies and reasons for taking up a hobby 口语:谈论爱好及培养爱好的原因 time activities 为什么im休p闲or活ta动n很t?重要? Gram语m法a:r:作In状fi语ni和tiv宾e语s 补as足 a语dv的er不b定ial式s and object complements p.1 What should we do when we don't feel well? ② Stay 当我们感觉不舒服时应该怎么做? Healthy Listening:Conversations about health problems 听力:关于健康问题的对话 2. 保持健康 Speaking:Act out a conversation between a doctor and a patient 口语:表演医生与患者之间的对话 How do we take care of ourselves? Gramm语a法r::M用o于da提l 建ve议rb的s情 f态or动 a词dv(ischeo(uslhdo, uclodu,lcdo)uld) 我们如何照顾自己? Re反fl身ex代iv词e pronouns p.11 What makes you upset? 3 Growing Up 什么让你心烦意乱? 3. 成长 Listening:Conversations about a problem between friends 听力:关于朋友间问题的对话 How do we Speaking:Talk about feelings and share solutions 口语:谈论感受并分享解决办法 deal with our emotions? 我们如何管理自己的情绪? Gramm语a法r::C连on词ju(naclttiohonusg h,( aulnthtiolu,g sho, utnhtaitl),so that) p.21 ③What is amazing about nature? 4 The Wonders 大自然有什么神奇之处? Listening:Ageography game show of Nature 听力:一档地理游戏节目 4. 自然奇观 AQ&A session with a deep-sea researcher 与深海研究员的问答环节 How do we Speaking:Talk about geographical features in China 口语:谈论中国的地理特征 connect with nature? 我们如何与自然建立联系? Gramm语ar法:C:om形p容ar词at iv/e 副an词d 的su比pe较rla级tiv和e 最ad高je级cti(ve复s/a习dv)erbs (review) 大数 Large numbers p.31 ⅡSection B *Project How can a hobby improve your life? Do a survey on 爱好如何改善你的生活? popular free-time Reading:A description oftwo teenagers'hobbies 阅 Wr 读 i : ti 对 n 两 g: 位 W 青 ri 少 t 年 e 爱 a 好 b 的 ou 描 t 述 your hobby 对ac热t门iv休it闲i活es动进行调查 写作:写写你的爱好 Vocabulary:Collocations related to free-time activities 词汇:与休闲活动相关的搭配 How should we stay safe? Make a health 我们应该如何保持安全? brochure Reading:A story about a cooking accident 阅读:一个关于烹饪事故的故事 制作一份健康手册 Writing:Write a doctor-patient conversation 写作:写一段医患对话 词汇:描述健康问题的单词 Vocabulary:Words describing health problems 后缀(-self /-selves, -less, -ache) Suffixes (-self/-selves,-less,-ache) How can we stay positive? Share and 我们如何保持积极乐观? solve problems Reading:A story about a teenager's problem with his team 阅读:一个关于青少年在团队中遇到问题的故事 Writing:Write a thank-you letter 分享并解决问题 写作:写一封感谢信 Vocabulary:Positive and negative adjectives about feelings and emotions 词汇:关于感受和情绪的积极与消极形容词 4. 自然奇观 ③Why do we explore nature? Design a poster about 我们为何探索自然? Reading:An article about Chinese achievements on a natural wonder 阅读:一篇关于中国在珠穆朗玛峰所获成就的文章 Mount Qomolangma 设计一张关于自然奇观的海报 Writing:Write an advertisement for a natural wonder 写作:为一处自然奇观写一则广告 词汇:反义词 Vocabulary:Opposite words 4. 自然奇观 How+adjective /adverb How + 形容词 / 副词 ⅢUnit Section A ②What happens during a natural disaster? Nature's 自然灾害发生时会发生什么? Temper Listening:Conversations about experiences during natural disasters 听力:关于自然灾害期间经历的对话;台风后的街头采访和天气预报 5 大自然的脾气 Street interviews after a typhoon and a weather How do natural report disasters affect S口p语ea:ki谈ng论:台Ta风lk期 间ab的ou经t历 experiences during atyphoon our lives? 自然灾害如何影响我们的生活? G语r法am:ma过r:去P进as行t 时continuous tense p.41 How different are our cultures? 6 Crossing 我们的文化有多大差异? Listening:Conversations about greetings from different cultures Cultures 听力:关于不同文化问候方式的对话;关于印度习俗的对话 6 跨文化交流 A conversation about Indian customs How do we Speaking:Give advice on table manners communicate 口语:就餐桌礼仪提出建议 with people from different cultures? G语ra法mm:a连r:词Co(nsjou.n.c.ttihaotn、s(usnole.s.s.、thaas ts,ouonnl aess)s,as soon as) 我们如何与不同文化的人交p.流51? 7 ②What great books have you read? 你读过哪些好书? A Good Listening:Conversations about different types of books Read 听力:关于不同类型书籍的对话;读书报告 Book reports 7 好的读物 : Speaking:Exchange ideas about a book you have read Why should 口语:交流你读过的一本书的看法 we read great books? G语r法am:ma现r在:P完re成se时n(t alpreerafdey、cty ett、ennseev(era、lreevaerd、y,jyuestt),never,ever,just) 我们为什么要读好书? p.61 8 我们W能h做a些t c什a么n 来we提 d供o帮 to助 h?elp? Making a Listening: Interviews with volunteers Difference 听力:对志愿者的采访;关于志愿服务的对话 8 有所作为 Conversations about volunteering Speaking: Talk about volunteer experiences Why should we 口语:谈论志愿服务经历 help others? 我们为什么要帮助他人? G语r法a:m现m在ar完:P成re时se(nst ipnecref、ecfto rte)nse(since,for) p.71 *Reading Plus p.81 阅读拓展p.81 G r a m m a r p .1 0 5 语法p.105 Listening Scripts p.95听力原文p.95 V o c a b u l a r y i n E a c h U n i t p .1 1 3 各单元词汇p.113 IVSection B *Project ③What can we do to prepare for the worst? 我们能做些什么来为最坏的情况做准备? Make a chain story 编一个连环故事 Reading:A story about a girl who saved people from a tsunami 阅读:一个女孩从海啸中救人的故事 Writing:Write a story about a day with bad weather 写作:写一个关于恶劣天气日子的故事 词汇:与自然灾害相关的搭配;复合词 Vocabulary;Collocations related to natural disasters Compound words ①How do we show respect to other cultures? 我们如何向其他文化表示尊重? Compare two countries' Reading:An email about French party manners 阅读:一封关于法国派对礼仪的电子邮件 customs Writing:Write an email to give advice on Chinese customs 写作:写一封关于中国习俗建议的电子邮件 比较两个国家的习俗 词汇:形容词(-ing、-ed 形式);前缀(un-、im- /in- Vocabulary:Adjectives(-ing,-ed) Prefixes(un-,im-/in-) What can we learn from great books? Make a reading log 我们能从好书中学习到什么? Reading:A summary of The Secret Garden 制作阅读日志 阅读:《秘密花园》的摘要 Writing:Write a book report 写作:写一份读书报告 词汇:形容词后缀;同形的名词和动词 Vocabulary:Suffixes of adjectives Nouns and verbs with the same form ③How does helping others make a difference? 帮助他人如何产生影响? Start a volunteer group Reading:A speech by a volunteer from Blue Sky Rescue 成立一个志愿者小组 阅读:蓝天救援队一名志愿者的演讲 Writing:Write an application email 写作:写一封申请电子邮件 词汇:与志愿服务相关的单词和短语 Vocabulary:Words and phrases related to volunteering 词汇表 A - Z 第 126 页 不规则动词 第 138 页 Vocabulary A-Z p.126 Irregular Verbs p.138 Vocabulary from Primary School p.137 小学词汇 第 137 页 VTime to Relax UNIT 本单元语法:动词不定式作目的状语和宾 语。 It's time to do sth.=It's time for sth. 是时候做某事 / 该做某事了 ★relax v. 放松;休息 现在分词:relaxing 过去式 / 过去分词:relaxed 用法: 作不及物动词:表示 “放松;休息”,常用于引导身体或精 神的放松。 eg. Please take a deep breath and relax. 请深呼吸并放松。 在本单元,你将谈论: 及物动词:可接名词或代词作宾语,表示 “使某人 / 某物 1.你如何度过你的空闲时间。 放松” 2.描述不同的业余活动和爱好。 eg. Relax your shoulders. 放松你的肩膀。 3.使用不定式来表明目的,或为句子的宾语提 供更多信息。 4.探索人们为什么需要时间去放松。 ★free-time 指 “空闲时间”,常用于描述个 人可自由支配的时间段。 常见搭配: in one's free time 在某人的空闲时间 eg. I usually read books in my free time. 我空闲时间通常会看书。 spend free time 度过空闲时间 eg. How do you spend your free time? 你如何度过你的空闲时间? 观察与分享 1.照片上的女孩正在做什么? She is flying a kite. 为什么业余活动是重要的? 她正在放风筝。 Why are free-time activities 2.你喜欢这项活动吗? BIG Yes, I do./No, I don't. important? 是的,我喜欢 / 不,我不喜欢。 Question Look and share 观察并分享 In this unit,you will 在本单元,你将: 1 照 .W 片 h 里 at 的 is 女 th 孩 e g 正 irl 在 in 做 th 什 e 么 ph ? oto doing? 1.talk about how you spend your free time. 谈论你如何度过空闲时间。 2 你 .D 喜 o 欢 yo 这 u 项 lik 活 e 动 thi 吗 s ? activity? 2.d 描 es 述 cri 不 be 同 d 的 iffe 业 re 余 nt 活 fre 动 e- 和 tim 爱 e 好 ac 。 tivities and hobbies. 3你.D认o 为yo这u 项thi活nk动 th有is 助ac于tiv我ity们 h放elp松s 吗?为 3.use in用fin不itiv定es式 to来 s表ho明w 目pu的rp或os提e o供r provide more us to什 r么ela?x?Why? inform关a于tio句n 子ab宾ou语t a的 se更nt多en信ce息's 。object. 放松时刻 4.e探xp究lor人e w们h为y p什eo么p需le n要e时ed间 tim放e松 to relax. time to RelaxCTIo program n. 节目、计划、程序v. 计划、安排;为(电脑等)编程序 programming n. 编程 programmer n. 程序员 你如何度过你的空闲时间 A How do you spend yocomupurt efrr peroegr atmi m电脑e程?序be Chinese calligraphy 中国书法 programmed to do sth. 计划 / 安排 / practise/do calligraphy 练习书法 安排…program sth. for + 时间 / 对象 为某时间 / 某对象安排 / 制定某事 Match the activities with the pictures. 将活动与图片匹 B playing the flute E doing calligraphy F painting 吹长笛 写书法 A 画 画skiing C hiking D programming 滑雪 徒步 动词不定式核心知识点总 calligraphy /kəɡ lrɪəfɪi/n. 书法 一、动词不定式作宾语 1.定义:动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式, 有带 to(to + 动词原形)和不带 to(动词原形)两种形式。 它不能单独作谓语,但可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。 2.用法:① 常见接带 to 不定式作宾语的动词:want, hope, wish, expect, decide, try, plan, forget, remember, ask, help, need, learn, seem, agree, choose, fail 等。 ② 动词短语(know, ask to, show, teach, decide, find out 等) 后可用 “疑问词(what, which, who, where, when, how 等) + 动词不定式” 结构作宾语。 They ask how to solve this math problem ③ 部分动词(like, love, begin, start 等)后既可接动词不定式, 也可接动名词,意义差别不大。 ④ 结构 “find/think/feel+it + 形容词 + 动词不定式” 中, it 是形式宾语,动词不定式是真正宾语。 I think it important to learn English well. express oneself 表达自己 an expression of... …… 的表达 / 表现 beyond expression 无法形容 听三段录音,用学生们的活动完成句子 Listen to three interviews.Complete the sentences with the interview n. 采访、面试 v. 采 students' activities. interviewee n. 被面试者;被采访者 interviewer n. 面试官;采访者 1.Teng Fei likes p r o g r a m m i n g after school. 腾飞放学后喜欢编程。 2.Teng Fei also likes h i k i n g at the weekend. 腾飞周末也喜欢徒步旅 3.H 行 ele 。 n loves p a i n t i n g ( p i c t u r e s ) in her free time. expression n. 表达、表情 express v. 表达 海伦在空闲时间喜欢画 4.Ch画e。n Jie likes to play the flute creative adj. 有创造力的 create v. 创造 creation n. 创造 陈洁喜欢吹长笛。 creator n. 创造者 Listen again.Match the purposes with the statemecnrtesa tfirvoe mad j1. b有.创造性的;创造力 n. 创造力 a sense of creativity 创造力感 be creative in... 在…… 方面有创造 3 A.To express feelings. 4 B.To r 力 elax. 表达情感。 放松。 be creation of... …… 的创造 2 C.To get some exercise. 1 D.To create an app. create sth. for sb. 为某人创造某 进行一些锻炼。 创建一个应物用程序。 二、动词不定式作目的状语 1.定义:动词不定式(to + 动词原形,否定式 not to + 1d Talk about your free-time activities with a partner. 谈论你的业余活动。 动词原形。)作目的状语,用于说明动作的目的,即“做 某事是为了做另一件事”。 A:What do you do in your free time? ①常用结构:主句 + to do sth.”。(不定式表目的, 你在业余时间做什么? 无逗号) B:Ilike to ... Teng Fei practices programming to create. 我喜欢…… ②强调结构:To do sth.,主句(不定式放首句,后加逗 A:Why do you do it? 号)。 你为什么做这件事? To relax, Chen Jie plays the flute in her free B:I do it to ... time. 我做这件事是为了…… 2. 标志与验证: be free 有空;是自由的;免费的 *翻译验证:不定式可译为“为了...”且逻辑合理。 for free 免费地 *标志词 “in order to”:可在不定式前(句首或句 feel free to do sth 随意做某事 末)强化目的,句子意思不变。 We study hard(in order) to get good grades. In order to make friends, she joins the music2 UNIT 1challenge n. 挑战;challenging adj. 富有挑战的 face /overcome/meet a challenge 面对 / 迎接挑战accept /take up a challenge 接受一项挑战 It is a challenge to do sth. 做某事是一项挑战 What are the challenges of doing these two activities?Share your ideas. 做这两项活动的挑战是什么?分享你的想法。 游泳 to scare v. 使害怕;n. 恐惧scared adj. 害怕的scary adj. 令人害怕的 centre n. 中心;central adj. 中心的 be scared of + 名词 / 代词 / 动名 in the centre of... 在…… 的中心 词害怕某人 / 某物 / 做某事 at the centre 在中心位置 be scared to + 动词原形(do sth.) 因害怕而不敢做某事 unexpected adj. 出乎预料的; be scared that + 从句 expectation n. 期待expect v. 期待; 害怕……(发生某事) expected adj. 意料之中的 expect to do sth. 期待做某事 perfect adj. 完美的;perfection n. 完美 perfect for 对…… 来说很完美perfect the 滑冰 art of doing sth 精通做某事的技巧be + perfect + to do sth 做某事很合适 / 完美 Listen to a conversation between Fu Xing and Emma.Tick the things they talk abo听u付t.兴和艾玛之间的一段对话。在他们谈论的内容旁打勾。 □ what they are going to do the next day encourage v. 鼓励 他们第二天打算做什么 encouragement n. 鼓励 ☑ challenges of free-time ctivities encouraging adj. 令人鼓舞的 业余活动的挑战 encouraged adj. 受鼓舞的encourage ☑ what Emma did at the weekend sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 他们不喜欢的业余活动 □ free-time activities they don't like be encouraged by sth. 被…… 激励 他们不喜欢的业余活动 □ their friends'favourite free-time activities 他们朋友最喜欢的业余活动 ☑ what they like about their free-time activities 他们喜欢自己业余活动的哪些方面 Listen again and complete the sentences. 再听一遍并完成句子。 1.Emma went to the sports centre to t r y i c e s k a t i n g 艾玛想去市中心试试滑冰 _ · 2.Emma didn't want to g o i c e s k a t i n g again at first. 艾玛起初不想再去滑冰了 3.Fu Xing told Emma that no one expected her to be perfect from the start.傅星告诉艾玛一开始没有人期望她是完美的 instruction /ɪnɪstrʌktʃn/n. 指导;instruct v. 指导、 4.The instructor told Emma not to give up so easily . 教练告诉艾玛不要轻易放弃 5.Fu Xing used to be scared of water,but she started swimming to 福星过去很怕水,但她开始游泳来克服她的恐惧 g e t o v e r her fear. 6.Fu Xing encouraged Emma to t r y i c e s k a t i n g again. 福星鼓励艾玛再试一次滑冰 What was it like when you did your favourite free-time activity for the 当你第一次做你最喜欢的业余活动时是什么感觉?分享你的经历。 first time?Share your experiences. perform v. 表演、执行;performer n. 执行者、表演者;performance n. 表演、表现 A:I love singing and performing now.But I was afraid to sing in front of 我喜欢唱歌和在别人面前表演。但是一开始我不敢在别人面前唱歌。 others at first. B:Oh,I didn’t know that.What helped you to get over your fear? 哦,我不知道。什么帮助你克服了恐惧? A:I practised by performing in front of my friends.That helped me to get 我通过在朋友面前表演来练习。这帮助我很快进步了! better quickly! afraid adj. 害怕的;fear n. 害怕;fearful adj. 极害怕的 fearful of sth 对…… 极度恐惧 be afraid of sth /be afraid of doing sth 放松时间 害怕某物 / 害怕做某事 Time to Relax 3 be afraid to do sth 不敢做某事character n. 角色、性格、特点、文字; single adj. 单一的,唯一的single out 挑 characteristic adj. 典型的;n. 特征;in 选出a single one 唯一一个; character 符合性格;哪怕一个out of character in single file 成单列;排成一队 不符合性格; Read the conversation.Circle Peter's and Yaming's free-time activities. 当你第一次做你最喜欢的业余活动时是什么感觉?分享你的经历。 step v. 迈步;n. 脚步、步骤; step into 踏入; Peter: Hey Yaming!What are you up to? step out 走出; 嘿,亚明!你在忙什么呢? be up to 正在忙 Yaming:Hi Peter.I’m doing calligraphy. step by step 逐步; 嗨,彼得。我正在写书法。 Peter: It's beautiful!What are you writing? 真漂亮!你在写什么 Yaming:It's a poem by Li Bai.My grandmother 这是李白的一首诗。我奶奶教我怎么写的。 taught me how to write it. Peter: What's this character? 这个字是什么? Yaming:It's yue.It means “moon”. 是 “月” 字。它的意思是 “月亮” It's nice!I like watching you write Peter: 很不错!我喜欢看你那样写字。 choice n. 选择(chosen 过去分词);make like that.But it looks difficult. 但这看起来很难。 a choice 选择;choose adj. 挑剔的; Yaming:Well,the first step is always the choose - chose - chosen;have no choice 嗯,万事开头难嘛。 but to do sth. 除了做某事,别无选择 hardest.When I started to do 当我开始写书法时, calligraphy,I spent hours practising single strokes. 我花了好几个小时练 Peter: I k 习 n 单 ow 笔 画 how that feels!My dad's teaching me to play the guitar.It's 我懂那种感觉! 我爸爸在教我弹吉他。 difficult,but he always encourages me not to give up. 这很难, 但他总是鼓励我不要放弃。Even(副词,意为甚至,用于加强语气,位置在实义动词like之 Yaming:Exactly.Now I do calligraphy to relax.I even like how the ink smells! 前) 确实如此。现在我写书法是为了放松。 我甚至喜欢墨水的味道! Why did you choose to play the guitar? poem n. 诗;poet n. 诗人 你为什么选择弹吉他? Peter:: I think playing the guitar is cool.Will you teach me to write a poem?I 我觉得弹吉他很酷。 你能教我写诗吗?作为回报, can teach you to play a song in return. 我可以教你弹一首歌。 return sth. to sb. return deal v. 处理,应对; Yaming:It's a deal! sb. sth. 把某物归还给某人 n. 大量;deal - dealt - 就这么定了! dealt;deal with = do with 处理,解决; 3b Read again and answer the questions. 再读一遍并回答问 description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/n. 描述;describe v. 描述;描写 题。 describe...as...把… 描述为…; 1.What words does Peter use to describe Yaming's work? be similar to 与……相似; 彼得用什么词来描述亚明的作品? 2.What does Yaming like about his hobby? give a description of...对…… 亚明喜欢他的爱好的哪些方面? 进行描述 3.What are the similarities between Yaming's and Peter's hobbies? 亚明和彼得的爱好有什么相似之处? 4.What do you think“The first step is always the hardest”means? 你认为 “万事开头难” 是什么意思? 5.How do you usually feel when you manage to do something difficult? 当你成功做成某件困难的事时,你通常感觉如何?举个例子。 Give an example. similar adj. 相似的; similarity n. 相似性; similarly adv. 相似地 Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it. 听这段对话,然后分角色表演。 Discuss the reasons why you do your hobbies.You can use the expressions 讨论你从事自己爱好的原因。你可以用这些表达来帮助自己。 to help you. ● It makes me feel happy to ... ● It helps me to ... ● It's a great way to ... ● When I started to...,I... 做…… 让我感到开心。 它帮助我…… 这是…… 的好方法。 当我开始…… 的时候,我…… when 引导从句说明动作发生的时间,从句用一般过去时 started,主句用相应时态UNIT 1Grammar Focus thanks (a lot) for (doing) sth. (非常)感谢(做)某事 语法聚焦 thanks for sb.'s help感谢某人的帮助 Read the sentences.Decide ifeach infinitive in bold functions as an object 读这些句子。判断每个加粗的不定式是用作宾语补足语还是状 complement or adverbial. 语。。 What do you do in your free time? I play the flute to relax. 你在业余时间做什么? 我吹长笛来放松。 How did you spend your weekend? I went to the sports centre to ice skate. 你是怎么度过周末的? 我去体育中心滑冰了。 How did you get into painting? Isaw my motherpaint.I decided to give it a go. 你是怎么开始画画的? 我看到我妈妈画画。我决定试一 试。 What did your instructor say? She told me not to give up so easily. 你的教练说了什么? 她告诉我不要那么轻易放弃。 thanks for: 核心表 “因…… 而感谢”,侧重 “感谢的具体原因”thanks to: 核心表 “多亏 / 幸亏……”,侧重 “借助某人 / 某物,才达成某结果” Complete the conversations with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 用括号中动词的正确形式完成对话。 1. A:Thanks for your advice!It made me decide (decide)to try skiing. 谢谢你的建议!它让我决定尝试滑雪。 B:You're welcome.Try to forget (forget)your fears and have fun! 我表妹经常在有风的时候叫我和她一起 2.A:My cousin often asks me to fly (fly)kites with her when it's 放风筝。 我表妹经常在有风的时候叫我去放(放)风筝。 windy. B:That sounds fun!I'd love to watch you fly (fly)kites sometime. 听起来很有趣!我很想有机会看你放风筝(放风筝)。 3.A:Ilove to watch kung fu movies to relax (relax). 我喜欢看功夫电影来放松。 B:Really?When I want to relax (relax),I watch animal videos. 真的吗?当我想放松(放松)的时候,我会看动物视频。 4.A:My parents told me not to push (not push)myself too hard. 我的父母告诉我不要把自己逼得太紧。 B:Yes,it's important not to forget (not forget)to relax once in a while. 是的,偶尔不要忘记(不忘记)放松是很重要的。 4c Complete the passage with the infinitive forms ofthe verbs in the box.What 用方框中动词的不定式形式完成短文。你通常在户外做什么?聊天(不来)做 听 玩 do you usually do 度过 停留 观看 决定做某事:~ decide to do 聊天 (不)来 做 听 玩 花费 停留 观看 sth. ~ make a chat (not)come do listen play spend stay watch decision to do sth.decide instead of + 宾语(不能接句子) v. 决定 My twin brother and I look alike,but we are so different.I love sport,and I decision n. 我和我的双胞胎兄弟长得很像, 但我们很不一样。 我喜欢运动, 决定 often meet my friends to play football and tennis.My brother joined 经常和朋友们见面 踢足球、 打网球。 我弟弟 us to play football once or twice,but he decided not to come after 曾经和我们一起踢过一两次足球, 但在那之后他决定不再来了。 t他ha不t. 太H喜e 欢 运do动es。n 't l i k e s p o r t v e r y m u c相h!反In,st他ea喜d,欢he待 在 l家ik里es, 播 to 放 s音tay乐 、 at h看o电m影e 、an听d 音 乐 , 还 to 和 w朋a友tc们h 在 网m上ov聊ie天s,。 to listen music,and to chat with f我rie们n的ds父 o母n担lin心e他.O待u在r 家pa里re的nt时s 间w太er多e 他w们or也ri希ed望 a我b们ou一t 家h人im能 多sta花y些in时g 间ho在m一e起 t,oo much. They also wanted us to spend more time together as a family.So,now 所以现在周六我们可以做自己喜欢的活动, 但周日,我们一起去家庭郊游! they let us do our favourite activities on Saturdays,but on Sundays, we go on a family outing together! push sth. for sth. 努力争取 / 推 be alike 相似look alike 看起来相似like 动某事push sb. to do sth. 催促 / 可作介词 “像……”,如 look like “看 促使某人做某事push oneself too 起来像”,后接名词 / 代词alike 仅作形 hard 把自己逼得太紧 容词(表语)或副词, Time to Relax 5CTIo B 爱好如何改善你的生活? How can a hobby improve your life? improve v. 改变 stress n. 压力 v. 强调 stressed adj. 感到有压力的 improvement n. 改变 stressful adj. 有压力的under stress 处于压力之下 improved adj. 改进的 stress the importance of... 强调…… 的重要性 In what ways does your hobby help to make your life better?Tick the ones 你的爱好在哪些方面有助于让你的生活更美好? that apply.You may add more.skill n. 技巧 skilled adj. 熟练的(强调 “经过训练后掌握技能”) My hobby helps me ... skillful adj. 灵巧的(更强调 “天生或后天形成的灵巧性”) 我的爱好帮助我…… □ to relax □ to make new friends 结交新朋友 放松 □ to reduce stress □ to learn a new skill 学习一项新技能 缓解压力 □ to try new things identify v. 识别identification n. 识别;身份证明identifiable 去尝试新事物 adj. 可识别的;可辨认的identify sb./sth. 识别、确认某人 / 某物 have a skill in... 在…方面有技能 identify sb./sth. as... 认出某人 / 某物是……It's + 形容词 + to be skilled in/at... + identify... 识别…… 是…… 的(形式主语句型) 擅长……;在……方面熟练 ldentifying facts and opinions 辨别事实与观点 statement n. 陈述 state v. 陈述 Facts are statements that are true.On the 阅读文本。划出这两名学生的观 事实是真实的陈述。 另一方面, other hand,opinions express a feeling or 点R。ead the text.Underline 观点表达一种感觉或信念, belief,They may or may not be true.Look for the two students'opinions. 它们可能是真的,也可能不是。 key words like “think”or "believe"to help you 寻找像 “think(认为)” 或 “believe(相信)” id这e样n的tif关y 键w词h来et帮he助r你 a辨 s别ta一te个m陈e述n是t 否is是 a观n 点o。pinion. physics n. 物理 whether 引导宾语从句,含“是否”含义,可与 if 互换 physical adj. 物理的、身体的 be good for 对…… 有好处 be good at 擅长…… Hobbies That Are Good for You be good to 对…… 友好 从句放主句前,主句开头需加逗号(若从句可放主句后,逗号可省略) When work or schoolis over,what do you do to pass the time?Do you 工作或学校的事情结束后, 你会做些什么来打发时间呢? 你会把时间花在 spend time on hobbies you love?Reading or listening to music can help us 自己热爱的爱好上吗? 阅读或听音乐能帮助我们在忙碌的一天后平静下来。 to calm down after a busy day.Physical hobbies,such as playing tennis 像打网球或做瑜伽这类体育爱好, or doing yoga,can help us to keep fit.And some hobbies are 能帮助我们保持健康。 还有一些爱好富有创造性。 例如, cre人ati们ve有.F时o会r 画 e画xa,m p l以e,此 p 来 eo 记 p 住 le 美 s 丽 o 的 m 风 et 景 im 或 e 物 s 体 p , aint pictures to remember a object, or reduce find it+形容词+不 stress.object n. bea或u者ti缓fu解l 压la力nd。scape obojre cot btjoe cstt,ho.r/ d o riengd uscthe. 反st对re某ss事. / 做某事 定式(形式宾语+真 物体、目标 v. 反对 objective facts 客观事实 objection n. 反对 have an objection to sth./doing sth. 反对某事 / 做某事 正宾语) Luca Bruno likes to be creative in his free time.But he doesn't make art 卢卡・布鲁诺喜欢在空闲时间发挥创造力。 但他不创作艺术品或音乐。 or write stories.Instead,this Italian teenager finds it fun to make mobile 相反,他喜欢使用应用程序!应用程序是一种计算机程序,你可以在智能手机或平板 phone apps.He thinks that apps can be a great way to help people.He 电脑上使用。他认为应用程序很有趣,并且是帮助人们的好方式。 so + 形容 started p他ro十g岁ra时m开m始ing编 程 w,h在en他 读 h了e 关 w于a以s 程 t序en员,a身ft份er开 始he的 著 re名a商d 人 a的bo书u之t 后 f。amous 词 / 副词 + that 从 businessmen who started他 o的u最t 新as应 用pr程o序gr允am许m世界er各s.地H的is人 l们at同es时t app allows allow sb. to do sth. 句 如 people arou学nd习 t意he大 w利o语r!ld t o f in d s t u d y p a他r们tn可er以s 学fo习r 意le大ar利ni语n并g 结Ita交li学an习.伙They允 许某人 此…… 以 伴! 做某事 至于…… can learn Italian and make friends at the same time! It gives sb. sth. to do sth. sensory adj. 感官的、感觉的 sense n. 感官 sensible 明智的 sensitive 敏感的 它给某人某物去做某事。 make sense 有意义 make sense of 理解 a sense of + 抽象名词…… 的感觉 "It gives me such a sense of achievement to see people using the “看到人们使用我的应用程序,我有一种强烈的成就感,” app,"says Luca.“I believe I’m helping people around the world to learn 卢卡说。“我相信我正在帮助世界各地的人学习意大利语。” 宾语从I句ta的li时an态!需”与主句时态匹配,本句主句 “believe” 是一般现在时,从句时态不受限制(“主观从任” 原则) 有些人不喜欢制作东西。 他们更喜欢收集东西! 在S印o度m,e玛 p雅e・o贝p迪le不 p收re集fe硬r 币n或ot邮 t票o 。m a k e t h i n g s . T h e y p r e f e r t o c o相ll反ec,t them! 这 I 个 n 十 In 几 d 岁 ia, 的 M 女 ay 孩 a 收 集 Ba 明 d 信 al 片 d ! oesn't s u c c o h ll + e c a/ t a n c + o i 形 n 容 s 词 o r + stam ac p hi s e . v I e n s v t . e a 实 d 现 ,th ; i 取 s 得 t eenage 可数名词单数 achievement n. 成就;实现 be alike 相似look alike 看起来相似like 可作介词 such + 形容词 + 不可数 make an achievement 取得一项 “像……”,如 look like “看起来像”,后接名词 名词 / 可数名词复数 成就the achievement of sth. / 代词alike 仅作形容词(表语)或副词, 某事的实现 / 完成CTIo B How can a hobby improve your life? In what ways does your hobby help to make your life better?Tick the ones 1"I know some people think postcards are rather old-fashioned,but I think they're a good way to learn about different places,"Maya says."I think it's int“ekrneoswti”n 后g接 to宾 s语ee从 t句he, b从ea句u是tif陈ul述 b句ui,ld引in导gs词 a “nthda tl”a 可nd省sc略a(pe陈s 述in句 foreign countries.” Ma作y宾a'语s 从fir句st, p“tohastt”c 可ar省d ,sh“tohiwnks” 后th接e 宾M语o从ga句o, C“thaavte” s同 样in可 D省unhuang.Her dad sent it to 略。) her when she was five,and she liked it so much that she put it up on her 玛雅说:“我知道有些人认为明信片相当过时, 但我觉得 bedroom wall!Now there are over one hundred postcards from thirty-two countries on M它a们ya是's 了 w解al不ls.同Sh地e 方 d的rea好m方s 式 o。f t r a v e ll i n g t o th e s e p la c e s i n th e f u我tur觉e!得 观赏外国的漂亮建筑和风景很有趣。” foreigner n. 外国人 foreign adj. 外国的 玛雅的第一张明信片展示的是敦煌的莫高窟, 她爸爸 在她五岁时把它寄给了她, 她非常喜欢, 就把它贴在 了卧室的墙上!现在玛雅的墙上有来自 32 个国家的一百多张明信片, 她梦想将来去这些地方旅行! “so + 副词 / 形容词 + that 从句” 是结果状语从句,表 “如此…… 以至于……”;修饰词:so much(so 修饰 “副 词 much”,表 “程度深”) in fashion 流行dream to do sth.out of fashion 过时;不流行 = dream of doing sth. 梦想 做某事n... fashion 以…… 的方式 have a dream 做梦 fashionable adj. 时尚的 fashion n. 时尚、方式 follow one's dream 追逐梦想 再读一遍课文,完成思维导图。 Read the text again and complete the mind map. Making mobile What his Collecting What phone apps postcards hobby is her When he When she was ten When When she was five he Luca Ma started it He thinks apps She thinks postcards can help people help her learn about greatly and it Why Why she different places and gives him a sense Find it interesting to he likes it of achievement see foreign buildings and landscapes What new hobby Read again and complete the sentences with different purposes.Then would you like to 再读一遍,用不同的目的完成句子。然后写下来. write about yourself. take up and why? Share your ideas. I would like to 1.Some people listen to music to calm down after a busy day. take up gardening 有些人在忙碌的一天后听音乐来放松。 as a new hobby. 2.Others play tennis to keep fit 。 Because it allows 另一些人打网球来保持健康。 me to connect with 3.Sometimes people paint pictures to remember a beautiful landscape or object , nature, grow 有时候人们画画是为了记住美丽的风景或事物,或者缓解压力。 or reduce stress . beautiful flowers and fresh vegetables, and 4.Luca developed his latest app 卢 t 卡 o 开 a 发 l 了 lo 他 w 最 p 新 e 的 o 应 pl 用 e 程 a 序 ro , u 让 nd 世 界 th 各 e 地 w 的 o 人 rl 都 d 能 to 找 f 到 in 学 d 习 s 意 tudy it's a relaxing par 大 tn 利 ers for learning Italian . way to reduce 语的学习伙伴。 stress after 5.Maya collects postcards to learn about different places and see beautiful school. Also, buildings and landscapes in foreign countries . seeing plants grow 玛雅收集明信片是为了了解不同的地方,看看外国美丽的建筑和风景。 under my care 6. I gives me a strong sense of accomplishment. What newhobby would you like to take up and why?Share your ideas.Time to Relax( 7Vocabulary in Useinspire v. 激励 inspired adj. 受激励的 inspiring adj. 令人激励的 inspiration n. ① 激励;鼓舞(不可数名词)② 灵感(可数)inspire sb. 实用词汇 to do sth. 激励 / 启发某人做某事inspire sth. in sb. /inspire sb. with sth. 在某人心中激发起某种情感 / 想法be inspired by 被…… 激励 / 启发 Match the words in the box with the verbs below.Some words can go together 将方框中的单词与下面的动词进行匹配。有些单词可以与多个动词搭配。 with more than one verb. calligraphy coins poems football ice hiking sto 书 r 法 ie s t e 硬 n 币 ni s s 诗 t 歌 am p s p o 足 st 球 c a r d s s k a t 滑in冰g 徒s步ki旅in行g 故事 网球 邮票 明信片 吉他 滑雪 guitar play collect do go write coins, calligraphy ice kating, football, poems, stamps, hiking, tennis, stories postcards skiing guitar Complete the conversation with the phrasesin the box.Use the correct 用方框中的短语完成对话。使用动词的正确形式。 forms ofthe verbs. get over take up give up reduce stress find it fun to(do sth) 克服 开始从事 放弃 减轻压力 觉得(做某事)有趣 surprisen./v. 惊喜 A:Hey,I heard you're thinking about taking up a hobby? surprisingadj. 令人惊讶的 嘿,我听说你在考虑培养一个爱好? B:Yes,I am.Any suggestions? surprisedadj. 感到惊讶的 对,我是。有什么建议吗? A:Well,I find it fun to _paint.It's a great way to reduce stress and express myself. 嗯,我觉得画画很有趣。这是一种很好的减压和表 条件状语从句(as long 达自我的方式。 B:That sounds fun,but I’m worried about not being good at it. as/if 引导)需用 “一般 那听起来不错,但我担心自己不擅长。 现在时”表 “将来的条 A:Don't worry,Everyone starts somewhere.As long as you don't 件 ” , 即 “ 主 将从现” 别担心。每个人都是从某个起点开始的。只要你不放弃,随着时间的推移 you'llget better at it over time. “as long as” 引导条件状语从句,表 “满足‘不放弃’ 你会做得更好的。 这个条件,就会有‘得到 / 变得更好’的结果” B:You're right!I should get over my fear of failure and just try to have fun. 你说得对!我应该克服对失败的恐惧,只是试着享受乐趣。 inspire v. 激励 A:Exactly!Painting is a great way to discover your creative side too. inspired adj. 受激励 完全正确!画画也是发现你创造性一面的好方法。 的 inspiring adj. 令人 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. 激励的inspiration n. 用方框中单词的正确形式完成短文。 ① 激励;鼓舞(不可数 名词) achievement instructor chat similarity perform ② 灵感(可数)inspire 成就 指导者 聊天 相似性 表演 sb. to do sth. 激励 / One of the people who inspires me the most is my dance instructor .启W发h某en人做某事 最能激励我的人之一是我的舞蹈教练。 i n 当spire sth. in sb. I first started dancing,I was really scared to perform in front of others.I 我刚开始跳舞时, 我真的很害怕在别人面前表演。 /inspire sb. with sth. didn’t want to talk to my instructor about it because he 在某人心中激发起某种情 我不想和我的教练谈谈这件事,但是我有点紧张,因为他似乎非常严格。 感 / 想法 seemed very strict.However,we chatted after class 然而,下课后我们聊了聊, be inspired by 被…… one day,and I 我 r惊ea讶li地ze发d现 他th出at人 h意e料 地w友as好 !su r p r i s i n g l y n i c e !他He 激励 / 启发 t告ol诉d我 m,e他 t的ha很t多 a学 l生ot都 o有f 类h似is的 s恐tu惧d。ents had similar fears. H他e帮 h我e克lp服e了d 恐m惧e。 to g e t o v e r m y f e a r .M 到y目 g前re为a止te,st我 最大的 a 成 ch 就 i 就 ev 是 e 去 m 年 e 在 nt 数 百 so 人 f 面 a 前 r 跳 is 舞 d 。 ancing in front of hundreds o I f t seems that + 从句 似乎…;看起来… seem like + 名词 / 代词 似乎像… 我在舞台上跳舞时非常平静,而且总的来说, people last year.I was quite calm when I danced ons eem + 形容词 似乎 / 看起来…(状态) 我玩得很开心! seem + to do sth 似乎要做某事 stage,andI had a great time after all! hundreds of 大量;许多; 成百上千hundred, thousand 或 million 前有具体的数词时,常用单数形 式,前面不加 the,hundreds of 后接可数名词的复数形式。常用搭配: thousands of(成千上万的),millions of(数以百万计的)。Vocabulary in Use Match the words in the box with the verbs below.Some words can go together 8 UNIT 1Read the posts.Complete the mind map with the information about 阅读这些帖子。用关于淑音最喜欢的业余活动的信息完成 Shuyin's favourite free-time activity. 你最喜欢的业余活动是什么? What is your favourite free-time activity? Hi,everyone!I'd like to take up a new free-time 贾森 大家好!我想开始一项新的业余活动, 英国 activity,and I'm hoping to get some ideas.What do you 希望能得到一些灵感。你们都做些什么呢? 为什么 do?Why do you nature n. 自然 Jas 喜欢它?请多告诉我一些吧! natural adj. 自然的;天生的 like it?Please tell me more! on naturally adv. 自然地;天生地 such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 whenever 相当于 “no matter by nature 天生 such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 / 可数名词复数 when”,表 “无论何时”,引 导让步状语从句,强调 “无论 I我 h有a很ve多 m业an余y 活f动re,e-比ti如me绘 画ac、ti写vi诗ti和e阅s,读li。ke painting,writing 我什么时候拜访(visit)” 表 . p但oe我m最s,喜 a欢nd的 r业ea余di活ng动.是Bu骑t 马my。 favourite free-time activity is “将来的动作”,因为主句是一 般现在时,从句用一般现在时符 h 我 or 六 se 岁 的 ri 时 di 候 ng ,参观了爷爷的农场,他带我 合 “主将从现” 的延伸规则 W去h骑en马 I。 w a s s i x , I v那is是it一ed次 非my常 g奇ra妙nd的f经at历he!r' s f a r m , a n d h e 现t在ook (让步 / 时间状语从句也常用 一般现在时表将来) 我me每 t个o 周r末id都e 去a 他ho的rs农e场.I和t 我wa最s 喜s欢uc的h 马an妮 a妮m一az起in骑g 马ex。perience!Nowl do it at his farm every weekend with my favourite 我喜欢骑马,因为我喜欢亲近大自然。 horse,Nini. Shuy 骑马也有助于我保持健康。 但最重要的是, 它让我 in I love horse riding because l enjoy being in nature.Horse 有时间和妮妮在一起! 她是我最好的朋友。 舒茵 r每id当i我ng去 a看ls望o 她he,lp尤s其 m是e 当st我ay给 她fi带t.些Bu胡t 萝mo卜s当t 零im食po时rt,antly,it lets 中国 m她e 都sp很e高nd兴 t!im我e 很w幸it运h 能Ni有ni她!S在h我e'的s 生my命 b中es。t friend.She's happy to see me whenever I visit,especially when I bring her especially + 名词 / 代词 / 介词短语(for sb/sth) 对于某人 / 某物来说尤其如此 especially + when/if 引导的从句 在特定时间 / 条件下,情况尤其明显 shuyin When she was six, her grandfather took her to did it start? ride a horse on his farm. H Every weekend does she do it now? WH At her grandfather's farm. does she do it now? WHE Enjoys being in nature. WHY hor ridi Helps her stay fit. does she like it? Lets her spend time with Nini (her best friend horse). Create a similar mind map for your own favourite free-time activity. 为你自己最喜欢的业余活动创建一个类似的思维导图。 Write a reply to Jason's post by introducing your favourite free-time 写一篇回复杰森的帖子,介绍你最喜欢的业余活动。你可以用这些表达来帮助自己。 activity. You can use the expressions to helpyou. ● My favourite free-time activity is . … . · I find it fun to ... 我最喜欢的业余活动是…… 我觉得…… 很有趣 ● I started this activity when I was ... · It makes me really happy when ... 当我…… 岁时开始这项活动。 当…… 的时候,这让我非常开 ● I like to do it because... ● I enjoy….when I. 我喜欢它是因为…… 当…… 的时候,我喜欢…… ● It lets me... 它让我……Time to Relax ( 9Do a survey on popular free- *Project 8 time activit课ie题s 开展关于热门业余活动的调查 In groups,ask one another the following questions.Note down the answers in a table. 分组互相询问以下问题并记录答案: ● What free-time activities do you like? 你喜欢哪些业余活动? ● Why do you like each activity? 你为什么喜欢每项活动? 姓名 业余活动 原因 Name Free-time activity Reason playing football It's a great wayto exercise. 踢足球 这是一种很好的锻炼方式。 弗兰克 Frank listening to music It helps him to relax. 听音乐 这能帮助他放松 going to the cinema It's fun. 去看电影 这很有趣 Create a chart that shows your group's results.Belowis an example. 制作一个图表来展示你们小组的结果。下面是一个 例子。 听音l乐istening to music 做运动playing a sport 看电视 watching TV 阅读reading p演la奏yi乐ng器 an instrument 去g看oi电ng影 to the cinema drawing or 画画 painting 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Present your chart and explain it to the class. 向全班展示并解释你们的图表。 In our group,eight people like listening to music.It is the most popular free-time 例如,在我们组,八个人喜欢听音乐。它是最受欢迎的业余活动。我们喜欢它是因为…… activity.We like it because... Reflecting 反思 1.What free-time activities have you learnt about? 你了解了哪些业余活动? 2.What free-time activities do you,your friends,and your family do? 你、你的朋友和家人都做哪些业余活动? 3.Which two functions of infinitives have you learnt?Can you use them 你学习了不定式的哪两种功能?你能正确使用它们吗? properly? 4.Why do you do free-time activities?How do they help you? 你为什么参加业余活动?它们如何帮助你? 5.Why do you think we need time to relax? 你认为我们为什么需要时间放松? All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. (谚语)只工作不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。 10 UNIT 1保持健康 2 Stay Healthy UNIT 本单元语法知识点:情态动词与反身代词 1.health problems 健康问题 2.physical conditional 身体状况 3.give advice to + 人称 给某人建议 stay 在英语中既可以作为系动词也可以作为动词。 1.作系动词:stay 可以和形容词一起构成系表结构,用 来说明主语的状态。如 “stay healthy 保持健 康”“stay safe 保持安全” ★stay 可以和地点名词构成短语,表示待在某地,如 在本单元,你将: “stay at home 待在家里” 1.谈论健康问题和身体状况。 2.作动词:① 不及物动词,保持某种状态,如 “stay 2.给身体不适的人提供建议。 calm 保持冷静” 3.在句子中使用反身代词来指代主语。 ② 及物动词,后面跟宾语,表示阻止或阻止某事的发 4.讨论保持健康和安全的方法。 生,如 “The judge granted a stay of execution. 法官准予延缓执行。” 观察并分享: 你觉得照片里的男孩感觉如何? I think he feels sick. 我觉得他感觉不舒服。 他为什么会这样的感觉呢? Because he is ill. 因为他生病了。 你认为他应该做什么? I think he should see a doctor and take medicines.我认为他应该看医生并吃药。 我们如何照顾我们自己? How do we take BIG care of ourselves? QuestionLook and share 1.How do you think the boy in the photo is feeling? 2.Why does he feel that way? 3.What do you think he should do? In this unit,you will 观察并分享 在本单元,你将: Stay Healthy 11 谈1.论tal健k a康bo问ut题 h和ea身lth体 p状ro况ble。ms and physical 你觉得照片里的男孩感觉怎么样? conditions. 给身体不适的人提建议。 在2.句giv子e 中ad用vic反e 身to 代pe词op指le代 w主ho语 ar。e not feeling well. 他为什么会有那样的感觉? 3.use reflexive pronouns to refer to the subject in 你认为他应该怎么做? 讨论a保 se持nte健nc康e.与安全的方法。 保持健康CTI o A 当我们感觉不舒服时应该怎么做? What should we do when we don't “a cut on + 身体部位”:某部位的伤 口“make a cut”:划一个口子 cut school 旷课、消减、中断 n. 伤口 Match the health problems with the pictures. 将健康问题与图片匹配。 D sore throat A stomachache E headache 喉咙痛 胃痛 头痛 B toothache C backache F cut 牙痛 背痛 割伤 反身代词 一、核心定义反身代词核心是 “指代主语本身”,表 “自己、亲自”,【不能单独作主语,需绑定主语使用,避免指代模糊 (如 “她自己整理书包”,明确动作执行者是 “她” 而非他人)。】 二、人称对应表 第一人称:单数(myself 我自己)、复数(ourselves 我们自己) 第二人称:单数(yourself 你自己)、复数(yourselves 你们自己) 第三人称:单数(himself 他自己、herself 她自己、itself 它自己)、复数(themselves 他们 / 她们 / 它们自己) 三、 类高频用法 作宾语:跟在动词或介词后,强调 “动作作用于自己”。 help oneself to 请随便用 / 某物 动词后:He washes himself every morning.(他每天早上自己洗澡) enjoy oneself 玩得开心、过得愉快 介词后:We should look after ourselves.(我们要照顾好自己) look after oneself 照顾自己 作同位语:跟在主语 / 宾语后,起 “强调” 作用,省略后不影响句意。 teach oneself 自学 主语后:My mother herself made this cake.(我妈妈亲自做的这个蛋糕) 作表语:置于系动词(be、feel、seem 等)之后,说明主语的身份、状态,强调 “主语本身” learn sth. by oneself 自己学习 *核心用法: make oneself at home 别拘束、像 系动词为 be 时,表 “主语就是自身”,例:“It's myself.”(是我本人。) 在自己家一样 系动词为 feel、seem 等感官动词时,表 “主语的身体状态(是否正常)”, lose oneself in 沉浸于……、全神贯 例:“I don't feel myself today.”(我今天感觉不舒服 / 不像自己。) 注于…… introduce oneself 自我介绍 say to oneself 自言自语 牙痛 dress oneself 穿衣服 Listen to four conversations.Write the health problems next d e t v o o t te h e o n s e t s u e d lf e to n t贡s.献、将自己致 力于……、投身于…… be oneself 常来常往、保持本色 Name Health problem Cause stomachache David ate too much at a friend's birthday party 在朋友的生日排队上吃太多 backache Ben fell during a football game 在一场足球比赛中摔倒 toothache Nancy ate too many sweet thing s 吃了太多甜食 sore throat Judy talked too much and didn't drink enough water 说话太多且没喝足够的水 adj. + enough 足够… 的 enough + n. 足够的… 再听一遍,找出每个学生健康问题的原因并完成 1b 中 L的is内te容n again.Find out the cause of each student's health problem do wrong 做错事be wrong and complete the table in 1b. with... …… 有问题 / 故障 go wrong 出问题 从听力中选一段对话进行角色扮演 in the wrong 有错;理亏 Choose one conversation from the listening and role-play it. A:What's wrong?/What's the matter?/Are you OKca?use n.原因V.导致 你还好吗?/ 出什么事了?/ 你怎么了? cause adj.因果关系的:原因的 B:I have a stomachache/... cause sb.to do sth.导致某人做某事 我胃疼了。 the cause of... ...的原因 A:What happened? 发生什么事了? B:I.. 我... matter v. 要紧;有关系 n. 要紧事;麻烦事;事情;问题;物质 sth. matters (a lot) to sb. 某事对某人很重要 12 UNIT 2press v. 按、催促 press sth. against sth. 把…… 压在……上 pressure n. 压力 press sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事 pressing adj. 急迫的 under pressure 处于压力之下 put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力 Match the health problems with the things you should do. 将健康问题与你应该做的事情匹配起来。 medicine n. 药 D1.sore throat A.clean the area and cover it medicate v. 用药治疗 喉咙痛 清洁伤口并包扎 avoidance n. 避免 F2.stomachache B.press down on your nose medical adj. 医学的 avoidable adj. 可避免的胃痛 按住并轻压你的鼻子 medical care 医疗护理 avoid v. 避免avoid E3.toothache C.rest and drink enough watertake medicine 吃药 doing sth. 避免做某事 牙痛 休息并喝足够的水 traditional Chinese avoid from sth A4.cut D.drink some water with honey medicine 中药 从…… 中避开 割伤 喝些温蜂蜜水 the avoidance of sth B5.nosebleed E.see a dentist 避免…… 流鼻血 看牙医 C6.feverc o v e r V . 覆 盖 n . 盖 子 F.put something warm on your stomach 发烧 cover sth. (with sth.) (用……)be 在肚子上敷些暖和的东西 covered (with/by) 被…… 覆盖覆盖某物 Listen to three conversations.Circle the health problems the students have in 2a.Who got some medicine from the school nurse? 听三段对话,圈出 2a 中学生们的健康问题。谁从校医那里拿了药? Listen again.Complete the schoolnurse's advice for each student. advice n. 建议(不可数名词) 再听一遍,完成校医给每个学生的建议。 advise v. 建议 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 Name Advice an accident happens follow one's advice 听从某人的建议 事故发生 ●sbY.o uha ss/hhoadu ladn n 'a tc ci edaetn sto much next time.下次你不应该吃这么多。 某人出事故 David ●Avoi d soft drink s for now as the gas could make the ache worse. sb. meets with an accident 某人要遭避遇免事喝故软饮料,因为气体会让疼痛加重。 sb. is in an accident ●在 事Yo故u中 might need an X-ray.你可能需要拍个 X 光片。 ●by Yaocuci dceonutl d意 外ea地t some soft food , but no moresweet things. Nancy 你可以吃些软的食物,但不要再吃甜食了。 ● Remember to brush your teeth carefully.记住要认真刷牙。 按住你的鼻子。等几分钟。 ● Press down on your nose.Wait for a few minutes. Jeff ● You should be more carefu l next time.Accidents can happen when we're careless.下次你应该更小心。当我们粗心时意外就会发生。 结对练习,轮流针对不同的健康问题询问同伴并给出建议 Work in pairs.Take turns to ask for and give advice for different suggest v. 建议 suggestion n. 建议(可数) health prosbulgegmesst. doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest + that 从句(虚拟语气:should + 动词原形,should 可省略) headache fever runny nose cough bruised knee suffering 可数名词 “苦难的经历” 不可数名词 “痛苦”adj. 痛苦的suffer v. 承受、经历 the suffering of sb 某人的痛苦 end one's suffering 结束某人的痛苦 suffer + 名词(病痛 / 困难类) suffer + 具体名词(痛苦 / 损失类) A:I’m suffering from/I have a very bad headache. 我头痛得很厉害。我该怎么办? What can I do? B:You should go to the doctor.You could get some rest 你应该去看医生。你现在可以先休息一下。 for now. bruise v. (使)身体淤青、擦伤;(水果)撞磕伤 bruised adj. (身体部位)有淤青的、擦伤的;(水果 / 物品)有碰痕的 Stay Healthy ( 13unbelievable adj. 难 询问温度用 “What's the temperature...?” 以置信的 have a high temperature /have a fever 发烧 belief n. 信念,相信 at a temperature of... 在…… 温度下take one's temperature 量体温 believe v. 相信 Read the conversation.What's the matter with Helen? 阅读这段对话。海伦怎么了? energy n. 精力、能量 Doctor:Take a seat,Helen.How are you feeling? energetic adj. 精力充沛的 海伦,请坐。你感觉怎么样? energize v. 给…… 提供能量 Helen:Not good...I have a runny nose and a fever. 我感觉不太舒服。我流鼻涕,还发烧。 full of energy 充满精力 Doctor:Let me take your temperature...Oh,it's lack of energy 精力不足 让我给你量一下体温…… 哦,温度很高。 with energy 精力充沛地 quite high. Helen:Yes,it started yesterday.I felt so cold,and 是的,昨天开始的。我觉得很冷, hurt 受伤 I而 d且id没n’什t 么ha力v气e m。u c h e n e r g y . W 当h我en试 I图 tried hurt one's feelings 伤害某人的感情 get hurt 受伤 t起o 床ge时t ,ou我t几 o乎f b摔e倒d,了I a,lmost fell and hurt myself.My 喉 th 咙 ro 也 at 疼 h 。 urts too. stop sb. from doing sth.(from 可省略)阻止某人做某事 让我看看。是的,你喉咙后面看起来很红。 Doctor:Let's see.Yes,the back of your throat looksprevent sb. from doing sth. 我们需要做个检查,但我 very red.We'll need to do a test,but I (from 可省略) 觉得你得了流感。现在是流感季节。 keep sb. from doing sth.(from believe you have the flu.It's flu season. 不可省略)(省略 from 则意为 医生,我该怎么办? Helen:What should I do,Doctor? “使某人一直做某事”) 你应该吃点药,多喝水。 Doctor:You should take some medicine and drink enough water. 好的,谢谢。我明天能上学吗? H e le n : O K ,t h a 不 n 行 k , yo 你 u 应 .C 该 a 在 n 家 I 休 go 息 t 。 o 当 sc 你 h 在 oo 外 l 面 to 时 m , or 请 ro 戴 w 口 ? 罩。 Doctor:No,you should rest at home.When you're outside,please wear a mask. 这能阻止我们轻易地把流感病毒传给别人。 It stops u我s会 fr的om。 passing the flu virus to others easily. Helen:I 你 要 掌 w握ill!你自己的健康。如果你好好照顾自己,很快就会好起来的。 Doctor:And remember,your health is in your hands.If you take good care terrible adj. 恐怖的 of yourself,you'll get better soon. firm belief 坚定的信念 terror n. 恐惧 再读一遍,在表格中做笔记。 believe it or not 信不信由你 terribly adv. 恐怖地 Read again and write notes in the table. terrify v. 使恐惧 海伦对自己问题的描述 医生的建议 Helen's descriptions of her problems The doctor's advice I have a runny nose and a fever. 1. You should take some medicine and drink I felt so cold and didn't have much energy. enough water. When I tried to get out of bed, I almost fell 2. You should rest at home. and hurt myself. My throat hurts too. 3. When you're outside, please wear a mask. description /dɪɪskrɪpʃn/n. 描述 Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it。describe v. 描述;描写 表演一段医生和病人之间的对话,用下面的表达帮助你 describe... to sb. 向某人描述…… describe... as... 把…… 描述为…… Act out a conversation between a doctor and a patient.Use the 表演一段医生和病人之间的对话。用下面的表达 give a description of... 对…… 进行描述 来e帮xp助re你ss。ions below to helpyou. When + 一般过去时从句,+ 一般过去时主句:体现 “主从句时态一致” 的规则 Doctor Patient Asking about injuries/illnesses Describing injuries /illnesses How are you feeling? I feel terrible./I don't feel well . What's the matter with your...? I have... Does your...hurt? My..hurts. Giving advice: Asking for advice: You should/shouldn't exercise. Should Istay inside? Don't go to school. Can l go to school tomorrow? in terror 恐惧地、害怕地 fill sb with terror 使某人充满恐惧 be terrified of sth 害怕某物 be terrible at + 名词 / 动名词(doing sth)不擅长……、在…… 方面做得很差 14 UNIT 2be terrible for + 名词 / 对…… 有(造成)…… 不利 be terrible to do sth 做某事很糟糕 / 难受certainty n. 确定性 Grammar Focus certain adj. 确定的 certainly adv. 确定地 certify v. 证明 the Read the sentences读.U这n些de句rl子in。e 在th表e 示m建od议a的l v情e态rb动s 词fo下r a面d画vi线ce, a并n圈d 出反身代词。 reflexive pronouns. 我昨晚吃得太多了。现在我的胃 What's wrong? 疼l 。ate too much last night Now You shouldn't eat so much next time. my stomach aches. 下次你不应该吃那么多。 怎么了? 我牙疼得厉害。 You should see the dentist I have a really bad 你应该去看牙医,拍个 X 光片。 What's the matter? and get an X-ray.You could eat some 怎么了? toothache. s 你 of 现 t 在 fo 可 od 以 f 吃 or 些 软 now 的 . 食物。 我从自行车上摔下来的时候伤 Be more careful next time.f we are How did you hurt yourself? Ihurt myself when Ifell off n下ot次 要c更a小re心fu点l。,w如e 果我c们an不 小e心a,si很ly容 易伤hu到rt 你是怎么伤到自己的? my bike. 自己。 到了自己。 ourselves. be used to do sth.(被动语态)被用来做某事 用正确的反身代词完成句 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事(现在不做了) Co 子 m 。 plete the sentences using the corbree cuts erde ftloe x(idvoei npgr)o sntohu. n习s.惯于(做)某事 1.The girl cleaned the cut on her arm by herself. 那个女孩自己清理了胳膊上的伤口 2.Be careful when you’re using the knife!Don’t cut yourself. 用刀的时候要小心!别割到自己。 3.We couldn't enjoy. ourselves while our mother was in hospital. 妈妈住院的时候,我们玩得不尽兴。 4.Mr Liu knows how to take care of his health because he used to be a 刘先生知道如何保养自己的身体,因为他自己以前是医生。 doctor himself. 5.The students are young,but they know how to protect themselves. 学生们虽然年纪小,但他们知道如何保护自己。 6.Her clearest memory is not of the race herself ,but the terrible pain in 她最清晰的记忆不是关于比赛本身,而是第二天腿上那种剧烈的疼痛。 her legs the next day. “not... but...” 并列结构表 “不是…… 而是……”,强调对比关系。 4c Complete the passage with should,shouldn't,or could. 用 should、shouldn't 或 could 完成短文。 Mobile phones are useful,but you should use them wisely.To protect your 手机很有用,但你应该明智地使用它们。 为了保护眼睛, eyes,every 20 minutes,you should rest your eyes and look at 每 20 分钟, 你应该让眼睛休息一下, 看看 something far away.What's more,you could change your screen's 远处的东西。此外,你可以调整屏幕亮度以使其与环境相匹配, brightness to try and match your environment and make the words on the 并把屏幕上的字调大一些。 screen bigger.Of当 c然o,ur你se不,y应ou该 在 s睡ho前u看ld手n't机 l,ook at your phone just before you go to bed,and yo过u马 c路er时ta当in然ly也 . s绝ho对u不ld应n'该t 看 手loo机k! at it when you cross the road!I事n 实 f上ac,t,y你o应u 该 sh 避 o 免 ul 过 d 于 频av繁o地id使 u用si手ng机 y。our phone too often.You could 你可以听音乐,而不是看视频。 你也可以和朋友 listen to music instead of watching videos.You could also talk to your friends 聊天,而不是给他们发信息。 instead of sending them messages. certify to sth. 为某事作证 / 证明 certify sb. as... 证明某人是... 4d A表c演t o出u一t 种an疾 i病lln或e伤ss痛 o。r i让n其ju他ry人.H猜a测ve是 t什he otherunsc geruteasisn wabhoautt istt ihs. a对n某d 事gi不ve确 定 advice. 么,并给出建议。 uncertain whether/if + 从句 不确定是否… be uncertain to do sth. 做某事没把握 / 不确定 ● Do you have a sore throat/bad cold/..t.?he certainty of sth. 某事的确定性 你嗓子疼 / 得了重感冒 /…… 吗? with certainty 确定地 ● Did you fall from your bike /cut yourself/...? 你从自行车上摔下来了 / 割伤自己了 /…… ● You should.…/You could... 吗? screen n. 屏幕、检查 你应该……/ 你可以…… screen sb. for sth. 为某事给某人做筛查 Stay Healthy 15 screen out 屏蔽 off the screen 屏幕外ECTION B 我们应该如何保持安全? How should we stay save v.节省;挽救;储存 saving n. 节约;存 款 safe adj. 安全的 讨论这些问题 save sb. from sth. 从…… 中拯救某人的生命 Discuss the questions. save money for sth. 为某事存钱 save/lose one's life 拯救 / 失去某人的生命 1.Look at the picture in 1b.Can you describe what is happening? 看 1b 中的图片。你能描述正在发生的事情吗? 2.Do you know what to do if oil catches fire? 你知道如果油着火了该怎么办吗? prepare v. 准R备ead the story and find out how the fire started. preparation n.准备读 这个故事,弄清楚火灾是怎么开始的。 burn v. 烧伤 burn - burnt prepared adj. 有准备的 一起烹饪事故 /burned - burnt /burned prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 A Cooking Accident burn energy 燃烧能量 prepare for… 为…… 做准备 James lived in the city with his friend Allen.It was their first time living 詹姆斯和他朋友艾伦住在城市里。 这是他们第一次远离家人生活, away from their families,and they enjoyed learning how to do many 他们喜欢自己学习做很多事情。 things themselves. One Saturday,James decided to make fried chicken.First,he poured 一个周六,詹姆斯决定做炸鸡。 首先,他往 o平il底 i锅nt里o 倒a 了pa油n。.T然he后n他 h打e 开tu炉rn子e,d 让on油 加th热e ,st同ov时e他 a准nd备 l鸡ef肉t 。th就e 在oi这l 时to, heat while he prepared the chicken.Just then,he他 听he到ar前d门 t开he了 ,fro接n着t 是do艾o伦r 唱 o歌pe的n,声fo音ll。owed by the sound of Allen singing.while 强调 “主句和从句动作同时进行”,遵循 “主从 句时态一致” 规则 ““G猜u猜es怎s么 w了h,at,”"A艾l伦le高n 兴ca地ll喊ed道 o,u“t h我a们pp赢il了y.!"W”e won!” “没可能吧!”詹姆斯跟着他走进客厅。 他想听听 "No way!"James followed him into the living room.He wanted to hear 足球比赛的全部经过! 突然, 艾al伦l 停of住 a了 s说ud话de,n突抬然头=看su了dd看en。ly all about the football game!Suddenly,Allen stopped talking and looked up. “嘿,你闻到什么烧焦的东西了吗?” right away "Hey,do you smell something burning?" = right now “哦不!” get burned 被烫伤 burn energy燃烧能量 = at once “Oh no!” 他们俩都冲回厨房。 平底锅着火了! = immediately banic about/over sth 对某事的恐慌 = 马上 巨大T的he火y焰 b跳o向th空 r中us。h e d b a c k i n t o th e k i t c h e 詹n.姆Th斯e惊 p慌a失n 措 w,as立 刻on关 掉fir了e!炉L子ar。ge 但他离平底锅太近了,一簇火焰溅到了他的衬衫上。 flames were jumping into the air.In a panic,James turned off the stove at 詹姆斯叫了一声, 扑倒在地。他通过在地上打滚扑灭了身上的 once.But he was so close to the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. 火,但平底锅还在燃烧! James cried out and threw himself to the floor.He put out the fire by rolling “快拿水来!”T他h喊ro道w-。threw-thrown v.扔 on the ground,but the pan was still burning! throw away丢弃 艾伦正要这么做,却停住了脚步。 throw forward向前扔 “Get water,quick!”he shouted. 多亏了学校上的急救和安全课, throw oneself on the ground Allen was abou他t知 t道o水 d会o让 s油o火 w变h得e更n 糟h!e 扑倒在地上投身于;全力投入 stopped short.Thanks to th于e 是f,irs他t 跑a去id and s客af厅et拿y 灭c火la器ss。es he took at school,he knew 几秒钟后,燃烧平底锅里的火就被扑灭了。 that water could make oil fires much worse!Instead,he ran to the living room to “你还好吗?”艾伦问他的朋友。 get the fire extinguisher. In seconds,the fire } in the burning pan was put out. In aid of 为了帮助…… aid sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 “Are you OK?”Allen asked his friend. aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 “make sth. + 形容词比较级”“使某物变得更……”“让某物变得更……” 经常搭配 “much, even, a little” 等程度副词,放在 “形容词比较级” 前,进一步加强 “更……” 的程度ECTION B How should we stay Discuss the questions. UNIT 2"I think so,"James said.It was lucky that his shirt wasn’t too thin!His 我想是这样,"詹姆斯说。幸好他的衬衫不薄! arm was red,but it didn't hurt very much. 他的胳膊红了,但疼得不厉害。 "Maybe we should eat out tonight,"James said as he ran cool water over "也许今晚我们应该出去吃, "詹姆斯一边用凉水冲胳膊一边说。 his arm. “"Sure,we could do that.What do you want?” "当然可以,我们可以去。你想吃什么?" “"A只n要yt不h是in炸g 鸡bu就t 行fri,ed"他 c难hi过ck地en说,”。he said sadly. anything but 根本不;绝不;除了…… 之外什么都可以 Read the story again.Number the events in the correct order. 再读一遍这个故事。按正确的顺序给这些事件编号。 8 Allen put out the fire with the fire extinguisher. 艾伦用灭火器扑灭了火。 2 James followed Allen into the living room. 詹姆斯跟着艾伦进了客厅。 point at 指向(具体人或物,侧重指的动作) 1 James heated oil on the stove.point to 指向(方向或远处事物,侧重指的对象) 詹姆斯在炉灶上热 6 James rolled on the ground. point out 指出;指明 詹姆斯在地上打 key point 关键点 4 James turned off the stove. 詹姆斯关掉了炉 7 Allen ran to the living room to get the fire extinguisher. 艾伦跑到客厅去拿灭火 summary n. 总结 5 James's shirt caught fire. summarize v. 总结 詹姆斯的衬衫着火 3 The pan caught fire. summarize sth for sb 为某人总结某 了。 in summary 总之;概括地说 平底锅着火了。 1d 再读一遍。用 1c 中的细节完成这个故事 Summarizing a text Read again,Complete the summary of 文本概括 的总结。然后复述这个故事。 When you summarize a text, the story using the details in 1c.Then 当你概括一段文字时, you leave out details that retell the story. 你会省略不重要的细节, are not important and only 只讲 James lived with his friend Allen in the te述ll the main points of the 故事的主要要点。 詹姆斯和他朋友艾伦住在城里。 story. Summarizing what you city.One day,he decided to make a 对所读内容进行概括有助于你更好地 一天,他决定做一顿饭。 re理ad解 和 w记il忆l 故he事lp。 you meal.He heated oil on the stove and 他在炉子上热油, understand and remember the story better. 又准备了一些鸡肉。 当艾伦回家时, prepared some chicken.When Allen 詹姆斯跟着他走进客厅,谈论一场 re比tu赛r。ne d h o m e , J a突m然es, 他 fo们llo闻w到ed烟 h味im, 发int现o锅 th着e 火liv了in。g room to talk about a fo 詹 o 姆 tb 斯 al 冲 l 过 ga 去 m 关 e. 掉 S 炉 u 子 dd 。 e n l y , t h e y s m e lt s 不 m 幸 o 的 ke 是 a , n 他 d 的 fo 衬 un 衫 d 着 t了he火 p,a所n 以wa他s on fire . J 扑 am 倒 e 在 s 地 ru , sh 在 e 地 d 上 to 打 t 滚 ur 直 n 到 o 火 ff 灭 th 。 e stove .Unfortunately,his shirt caught fire, SO 艾伦赶紧拿起灭火器把火扑灭了。 幸运的是,詹姆斯 he dropped to the ground and rolled on the ground until the fire was out. 没有受重伤。 Allen quickly got the fire extinguisher and put out the fire.Luckily,James wasn't badly hurt. act v. 表演、行动 action n. 行动 actor n. 演员actress n. 女演员 1e Discuss the questions. active adj. 活跃的 1.What do you think ofJames's and Allen's actions in the story? 你对故事中詹姆斯和艾伦的行为有什么看法? 2.What dos and don'ts did you learn from the story? 从故事中你学到了哪些应该做和不应该做的事情? 3.What could start a fire at home?What should we do to keep ourselves safe 家里什么东西可能会引发火灾?我们应该怎么做才能保护自己免受伤害? from harm? act as 担任 take an active part in 积极参与 take action 采取行动Stay Healthy ( 17ache: 可作名词或动词。 Vocabulary in Use 作名词:常构成复合词,如 “headache(头痛)”“backache(背痛)” 正在使用的词汇 作动词: “ache + 身体部位”(某部位酸痛)。 2a Wha 框 t d 中 o 的 es 每 ea 个 c 后 h 缀 su 是 ff 什 ix 么 in 意 th 思 e ? b 用 ox 正 确 m 的 ea 后 n? 缀 C 完 o 成 m 表 pl 格 et 。 e the p t a a i b n: le 可 w 作 ith 名 词 th 或 e 动词。 correct suffixes. 作名词:常用搭配 “in pain”(处于疼 痛中)、“have pain”(感到疼痛) -self/-selves -less -ache 作动词: “pain sb.”(使某人痛苦)。 (without) (pain) (a person or thing on their own) (没有) (疼痛) (独自的人 colou 或 rle 事 ss 物) backache myself ourselves injury: 仅作名词。常用搭配: 无色的 腰痛 我自己 我们自己 careless headache yourself yourselves “get an injury”受伤、 粗心的 头痛 你自己 你们自己 “suffer an injury”遭受损伤、 harmless stomachache itself themselve “ s minor/major injury”轻 / 重伤。 无害的 胃痛 它自己 p 它 ai 们 nle 自 ss 己 toothache himself 无痛的 牙痛 他自 若描述 “全身的、突发 己 的疼痛”(如摔倒后的剧 痛)用 pain; 2b C 用 om 括 p 号 le 中 te 的 t 正 he 确 s 词 en 语 te 完 n 成 ce 句 s 子 wi 。 th the correct words in brackets. 若描述 “局部的、持续 的酸痛”(如久坐后的背 1.The little boy fell off his chair and cried out in pain .(pain/ache) 痛)用 ache; 小男孩从椅子上摔下来,疼得大叫 2.If you don't wear a mask,you might catch the flu.(have/catch)若描述 “具体的身体损 如果你不戴口罩,可能会感染流 伤 / 伤势”(如骨折、 3.Be careful when you do sport.If you get a(n). injury ,you'll have to 感。 割伤)用 injury。 运动时要小心。如果你受伤了,就 rest for some time.(injury/pain) 得休息一段时间。 4.Tom's ear hurt ,so the doctor gave him some pills for it. 汤姆的耳朵疼,所以医生给他开了 (painful/hurt) 些药。 5.Don't lie down for too long as it could make your back feel sore . 不要躺太久,因为这会让你的背部感到酸痛。 (harmful/sore) as,作为连词,引导原因状语从句 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. 用方框中单词的正确形式完成短文。 injury suffer X-ray avoid aid throw colour 受伤 受苦 X光 避免 援助 投掷 颜色 Kelly looked at her phone.She was late, 凯莉看了看手机。 她迟到了, and her exam was starting in 10 minutes! 考试还有10分钟就要开始了! Suddenly,something hit her hard and th row 突然,有什么东西狠狠地撞了她一下,把她摔倒在地。 her to the ground. “Are you all right?”the driver cried out. “你还好吗?”司机喊道。 His face was colour ed with fear.But Kelly 他的脸上写满了恐惧。 但凯莉 didn't say anything.She was suffer ing from shock and her arm was bleeding. 什么也没说,她因受到惊吓而失语,手臂还在流血。 "Don't worry.I know first aid !I'll call for help too!”the driver “别担心,我会急救!我也会叫人来帮忙!”司机说。 blood n. 血液 bleed v. 流血 said. At the hospital,the doctor checked Kelly's arm carefully.An X-ray 在医院里,医生仔细检查了凯莉的胳膊。X光显示 showed that her right arm was broken,“You're lucky that your injury wasn't 她的右臂骨折了。 “幸运的是你的伤势没有更严重,” worse,"said the doctor. 医生说。 “You're right,"Kelly said.“I’llavoid looking at my phone while “您说得对,”凯莉说,“下次过马路时我会避免看手机。” crossing the road next time.”18 UNIT 2Read the short story.Retell what happened to a partner 。 One Saturday,Julie invited Mark and Lucy to her house fors t rluanngcehr. Hn.e r陌 p生ar人ents order n. 顺 w 序 er 、 en 命 't 令 h 、 om 秩 e 序 ,s o v . t 命 he 令 y had it all to themselves. strangely adv. 奇怪地、陌生地 in disorder 处于混乱状态out of order 出故障 strange adj. 奇怪的;陌生的 They ordered pizza,salad,and juice.But in the middle of the meal,Mark started to in order to do sth 为了做某事 be strange to... 对…… 陌生 disorder nf.e e混l 乱str a,n命ge令.His face felt warm,and his throat felt tight. order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 be nervous to do sth.做某事时感到紧张 "Were there any peanuts in our food?"he asked nervously. "I think I tasted peanuts in the salad,"said Julie.“What's the matter?” “Oh no,I’m一 a个ll周er六gi,c 朱to莉 p邀e请an马u克ts!和”露M西ar去k 她cr家ie吃d午.H饭is。 friends jumped into action and took him to她 th的e父 h母os不p在ita家l ,at o n c e . 所以就只有他们几个。 At the他 h们o点sp了it披al萨,M、a沙rk拉's和 f果rie汁n。ds t o l d D r 但吃到一半时, 马克 开始感觉不对劲。 他的脸发烫, 喉咙发紧。 Cooper what happened,and she gave Mark some medicine right away.When Mark tight adj./adv. 紧紧的(地“)我们的食物里有花生吗?” 他紧张地问。 felt better,the doctor asked him some questions and gave him some advice. tighten v. 拉紧、绷紧be “我觉得沙拉里有花生味,” 朱莉说, “怎么了?” “I'll take better care of myself from now on,"Mark promised.It was a day he would tight with sb 和某人关系亲密 “哦不,我对花生过敏,” 马克大喊道。他的朋友们立刻 never forget. 行动起来,马上送他去了医院。 allergy n. 过敏 在医院, 马克的朋友 make a promise (to sb.)(向某人) allergic adj. 过敏的 许下诺言 把事情经过告诉了库珀医生, keep one's promise 遵守诺言 医生立刻给马克开了些药。马克感觉好些后, break one's promise 违背诺言 医生问了他一些问题, promise to do sth. 承诺做某事 并给了他一些建议。 “从现在起我会更好地照顾自己,” 马克保证道。这是他永远不会忘记的一天。 be allergic to+具体名词 对某物过敏 be allergic to+抽象名词 / 动名词(doing sth) 对某事 / 行为反感 Read Dr Cooper's questions and advice for Mark.Imagine how 阅读库珀医生对马克的问题和建议,想象马克是如何回答的,做笔记。 Mark responded.Make notes. Dr Cooper Mark ate something at my friend's place; felt What happened just now? 刚才发生了什么? strange 在朋友家吃了点东西;感觉不对劲 Do you know what you are allergic to? I'm allergic to peanuts 我对花生过敏 你知道自己对什么过敏吗? In the middle of the meal When did you start to feel sick? 在吃饭的中途 你什么时候开始感觉不舒服的? Some salad How much salad did you eat? 你吃了多少沙拉? 一些沙拉 My face felt warm and my throat felt What happened after you ate the salad? 你吃完沙拉后发生了什么? tight.我的脸感觉发烫,喉咙也发紧。 OK, I will. Thank you for your advice. You should check the ingredients of anything 好的,我会的。谢谢你的建议。 you eat or drink. 你应该检查你吃喝的任何东西的成分。 Use your notes in 3b to write a conversation between Dr Cooper and Mark。 用你在 3b 中的笔记写一段库珀医生和马克之间的对话 Mark: Thank you,Dr Cooper.I feel much better now. 谢谢您,库珀医生。我现在感觉好多了。 Dr Cooper:That's good.What happened just now? 那就好。刚才发生了什么事? Mark: Well,I ate something at my friend's place,and then I started to feel 嗯,我在朋友家吃了点东西,然后就开始感觉不对 strange. 劲。 Dr Cooper:Do you know what you were allergic to? 你知道自己对什么过敏吗? ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/n. 原料key Mark: Yes,I.. ingredient 关键成分 知道,我…… ingredient in...…… 中的成分 ingredient for... 制作…… 的原料Stay Healthyaware adj. 意识到的;知道的 lack of awareness 缺乏意识 unawareness n. 无意识 unaware adj. 未意识到的;未察觉的 *Project Make a health brochure 制作一份健康宣传册 想象一下,你的学校正在举办一场健康意识活动。分组合作,选择一个健康问题作为关注焦点。 Imagine your schoolis holding a health awareness event.Work in agroup and choose a health problem to focus f oocnu。s on … 专注于…… ● food allergy 食物过敏● toothache牙痛 ● headache头痛 ●backache背痛 ●eye strain 眼疲劳 ● cut伤口 ●burn烧伤 Do some research on the health problem your group chose.Use 对你所在小组选择的健康问题做一些研究。利用这些问题来帮助你。 the questions to help you. treat v./n. 对待;款待;v. 治疗 treat sb. as/to be… 把某人当作…… 对待 ● What causes this health problem? 是什么导致了这个健康问 treat sb. for sth. 因某事 / 某病治疗某人 ● How might you feel when you have it? 题? treat oneself to sth. 犒劳自己 当你患有这种健康问题时,你可能会有什么样的感觉? ● Why is it important to deal with it? treat sth. seriously 认真对待某事 为什么处理它很重要? the treatment of sth. …… 的处理 / 治疗 ● What should we do to treat it and avoid it? treat sb. to sth. 用某物款待某人;请某人吃某物 我们应该做些什么来治疗它并避免它呢? ● What other facts do you know about it? 关于它,你还知道其他哪些事实? 4c ④E C r V ea is te i o a n h e C a a lt r h e b 1 r 0 o 1 chure as a group.Then present it to the class. 小组合作制作一份健康宣传册。然后向全班展示这份宣传册。 Protect your eyes from 3 E 山 WH为Y向 it现 is在 i采m取po行rt动an很t 重to 要act now: DIGITAL EYE STRAIN ⅢE ● 眼 E 疲 ye 劳 s 会 tr 随 ai 着 n 时 ca 间 n 的 c 推 au 移 se 导 致 ou 我 r 们 vis 的 io 视 n 力 变 差to。 get worse over time. HOW you may get it: WHAT you can do: 你可以做的事情: ● Using a phone or computer for a long ●Reduce screen time. ・减少屏幕使用时 time 间。 ● Look away from devices 你可W能H如A何T患 p上ro它ble:m长s时 yo间u使 m用ay手 h机a或ve电: 脑 经常将目光从电子设备上移开。 frequently. ● Tired eyes ● Dry eyes 如果你经常眼疲劳,去看眼科医生。 ● Headache ● Double vision ● Visit an eye doctor if you often 你可能出现的问题:眼疲劳、眼干、头痛、复视 Take a Every Look at 20 -second 20 something 每 20 分钟看 20 英尺外的东西 vision n. 视力、构想、景象 Reflecting 思考 visual adj. 视觉的;看得见的 have good/poor vision 视力好 / 差 lose one's vision 失明 a vision of sth. …… 的构想 / 愿景 share one's vision 认同某人的愿景 1.Can you identify different health problems? beyond one's vision 超出某人的视 你能识别不同的健康问题吗? 2.Can you describe how you feel when you are sick? 线;看不见 你能描述自己生病时的感受吗? 3.What advice can you give for the health problems covered in this unit? 对于本单元涉及的健康问题,你能给出什么建议? 4.How do you think we can stay healthy and keep ourselves safe? 你认为我们可以如何保持健康并保护自己的安全? Health is not everything,but you have nothing without it. 健康不是一切,但没有健康你就一无所有。 strain v. 拉紧;绷紧(物体);使承受压力;连累(人 / 事物) strain oneself 尽力;勉强自己 strain one's eyes 眯眼看 20 UNIT 2长大 / 成长 Growing Up 3 UNIT ★“deal with” 的用法: 本单元重点语法: 1.deal with + 名词:表示 “处理某个问题或 时间状语从句、让步状语从句和目的状 情况”。 如:We need to deal with this customer 语从句。 complaint as soon as possible. 我们需要尽快处理这个客户的投诉。 ★“growing up” 表示 “成长 / 长大”,通常用来描述人或 2.deal with + 动名词:表示 “处理某个具体 动物从小到大逐渐成长、发育的过程。具体用法如下: 的动作或活动”。 1.表示生理成长。如:I grew up in a small town. 我在一个 如:I'm good at dealing with difficult 小镇长大。 customers. 2.表示心智成熟 我擅长应对难缠的客户。 如:It's time for you to grow up and take 3.deal with + 人或组织:表示 “与某个人或 responsibility for your actions. 组织打交道”。 是你成熟并对自己的行为负责的时候了。 如:I don't like dealing with that 3.表示社会经验积累 supplier. 如:He needs to grow up and start makeing better 我不喜欢和那个供应商打交道。 dicisions. 4.deal with + 情感或感觉:表示 “处理某种 他需要成熟并开始了做出更好的决定。 情感或情绪” 如:She doesn't know how to deal with her anger. 他不知道如何处理她的愤怒。 观察与分享 1.你认为照片里的人相处得好吗? 在本单元,你将: I think they get along very well with 1.谈论生活中不同的情绪。 each other. 2.使用带 “although”、“until” 和 “so that” 2.我认为她们相处得非常融洽。 来表达让步、时间和目的。 当你遇到问题时,通常会和谁倾诉? 3.给处于低谷的朋友提出建议。 I often speak to my parents when I have 4.寻找更多的方式控制你的情绪和保持乐观。 problems. 当我遇到问题时,我通常会和我的父母倾诉。 我们如何处理自己的情绪? BIG How do we deal Question with our emotions? emotion n. 情感,情绪 show emotion 表达情感 strong emotion 强烈情感 In this unit,you will Look and share 在本单元,你将: 观察并分享 1.talk about different emotions in life. 1.Do you think the people in the 谈论生活中不同的情绪。 你认为照片里的人相处得好吗? 2.use adverbial clauses with although,until,and so that photo get along? 用带有 although、until 和 so that 的状语从句来 to show concession,time,or purpose. 表示让步、时间或目的。 2当.Wh你o 遇 do到 y问ou题 o时fte,n 你 sp经eak常 和to 谁 wh交en流 y?ou 3.pr给ov情ide绪 a低dv落ice的 t朋o 友a f提rie供nd建 w议ho。 is feeling down. have problems? 4.fin找d 到m更ore多 w管ay理s 情to 绪m并an保ag持e 积you极r 心em态ot的ion方s 法an。d stay 3 这 H 对 ow 你 d 有 oe 什 s 么 it 帮 he 助 lp ? you? . 成长Growing Up positivCTIo be upset about/at sth. 因某事难过 / 不安 hurt (adj.):侧重 “(人) 处 be upset with sb. 对某人心烦 A 什么让你心 于受伤状态” W烦?hat makes you be hurtful to sb./sth. 对某 return to + 地点 返回某地in return 作为回报 人 / 某物有害 / 伤人hurtful lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 (adj.):侧重 “(事物) 具有 return sth. to sb./return sb. sth. 把某物归还给某人伤害性”,修饰言语、行为 Look at the words under the pictures.Which situations give you these 1a feelings?Match the feelings with the situations in the box。 让步状语从句(核心:回答 “主句动作不顾什么阻碍发生”) 核心定义:先承认一个 “阻碍事实”,再强调 “主句动作仍发生”,即 “尽管……”“即使……”。 常考引导词(2 类) ・(1) though/although:表 “虽然、尽管”,用法一致,可互换,从句可放句首 / 句中; 例:Though he is weak in math, he studies hard.(尽管他数学弱,仍努力学)。 ・(2) even if/even though:表 “即使、纵然”,让步语气比 though 更强,常假设极端情况; 例:Even if it snows, we will go to school.(即使下雪,我们也上学)。 易错点 ・though/although 与 but 连用(冗余); ・although 不能放句末(though 可以)。 错:Hee xisc ittierded , a l t h o u g h . ( 正 a:frHaei di s t i r e d , t h o u g h . ) shy upset 目的状语从句(核心:回答 “主句动作为什么发生”) 核心定义:说明 “主句动作的目的”,即 “为了……”“以便于……”,初中考频低但易混淆,抓 “情态动词” 标志。 常考引导词(2 类) ・(1) so that:表 “为了”,从句常接 can/could/may 等情态动词(表 “期望实现的目的”); 例:She studies hard so that she can get good grades.(她努力学习是为了考高分)。 ・(2) in order that:语气比 so that 强,用法完全一致,从句也接情态动词,可互换; 例:He gets up early in order that he can catch the bus.(他早起是为了赶公交)。 angry lonely shocked worried 易错点 与 “结果状语从句 (so)” 混淆:so that 表 “目的 (有情态动词,译‘为了’)”,so 表“结果 (无情态动词,译‘所以’)”; 例:He reads to know more (目的,so that he can know more); He reads, so he knows more (结果)。 D. upset (心烦的)failing a test B. afraid (害怕的)watching a scary F.lonely (孤独的) living alone E. angry (生气的)fighting with a friend H. worried (担心的)hearing about a sick friend G. shocked (震惊的) seeing an accident happen A. excited (兴奋的)meeting old friends C. shy (害羞的) meeting a new person Listen to the coAnlovneer swaitthio nsb.C./sitrhc.l e与 P..e..t..e单r独's 在fe一el起ings. scare v. 使害怕;n. 恐惧 听这段对话,圈出彼得的感受。 scared adj. 害怕的 scary adj. 令人害怕的 1.Peter was shy/worried when he talked to Ella. (be) scared of + 名词 / 代词 彼得和艾拉交谈时,(表现得)害羞 / 担忧。 2.Peter couldn't control his fear/anger when he talked to Harry. (doing sth.)害怕某人 / 某物 彼得和哈利交谈时,无法控制自己的恐惧 / 愤怒。 3.Peter felt upset/shocked after his fight with Harry. be scared + 动词原形 (do sth.) 彼得和哈利吵架后,(感觉)心烦 / 震惊。 4.Peter felt excited/afraid to talk to Harry. 不敢做某事 彼得(感觉)兴奋 / 害怕和哈利交谈。 be scared that + 从句害怕…… 事) Listen again.Number the sentences in the correct order. 再听一遍。按正确顺序给这些句子编号。 out of control 失控control oneself 控制自己 5 Ella advised Peter to call Harry. be controlled by 被…… 控制take control of 控制 艾拉建议彼得给哈利打电话。 1 Harry borrowed a guitar from Peter advice n. 建议(不可数名词)advise v. 建议 哈利向彼得借了一把吉他。 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某 3 Harry stopped speaking to Peter. 事take/follow one's advice 采纳某人的建议 哈利不再和彼得说话了。 2 Peter said hurtful things to Harry. follow sb.'s advice 采纳某人 / 某地借入某物 彼得对哈利说了伤人的话。 4 Peter found an ugly mark on his guitar when Harry returned it. 当哈利归还吉他时,彼得发现他的吉他上有一个难看的印 记。 1d Role-play a conversation between Peter and Ella.Give Peter more advice. 角色扮演彼得和艾拉之间的对话。给彼得更多建议。 A:If you did something wrong,maybe you should say sorry first. 如果你可以那样做,但我不知道怎么做。 B:I guess I could do that.But I don’t know how. 我想我可以那么做。但我不知道该怎么做。 A:You could ... 你可以…… 22 UNIT 3mean to do sth. 打算做某事 the meaning of…… 的意思 meaning n. 意思,意义 be mean to sb. 对某人刻薄 含义meaningful adj. 有意义的meaningless adj. mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 无意义的mean v. 意思是;意味着(meant - meant)adj. 刻薄的 You are going to hear a conversation between Peter and Harry.Tick 你将会听到彼得和哈里之间的一段对话。给每个人可能会说的句子打勾。 the sentences each person might say. forgive v. 原谅 forgiveness n. 原谅 What might they say? Peter Harry forgiving adj. 宽容的 forgive sb for doing I'm sorry. 对不起 √ √ sth. 原谅某人做了某事 the forgiveness or Ifeel bad about it.我对此感到很抱歉。 future n. 未来 √ sb/sth(对某人 / 某事的 futurist n. 未来主义者 Don't worry about it. 别担心 原谅) futuristic adj. 未来主义者 I'llbe more careful in future. 今后我会更加小心的。 √ in the future 在未来 in future 今后;从今以后 I forgive you. 我原谅你 √ It was my fault. 这是我的错。 √ I didn't mean to do it.我不故意的 √ It's one's fault(to do sth)是某人的错;怪某人 / 某物的茬 It's one's fault that……(重句)是某人的错某事是不对的 Listen to the conversation.Circle T for true or F for false. 你将会听到彼得和哈里之间的一段对话。给每个人可能会说的句子打勾。 1.Harry called Peter first to say sorry. T F 哈利先给彼得打电话道歉。 2.Peter and Harry said sorry to each other. T F 彼得和哈利互相道了歉 3.Harry didn't care about the fight. T F 哈利并不在意那次争吵。 4.Peter got the guitar on his eighth birthday. T F 彼得八岁生日时得到了吉他 5.Both Peter and Harry thought their friendship was important.T F 彼得和哈利都认为他们的友谊很重要。 Listen again.Complete the summary of the conversation. 系表结Pe构L,isten again.Complete the summary of the conversation. 用来描述主 语系的表状结态构, Peter accepted Ella's suggestion and called Harry so that he could say sorry. 用来描述主彼得接受了埃拉的建议,给哈里打了电话,以便能道歉。 语的状态 Harry also felt bad about the fight and wanted to talk to Peter so 哈里也对这场争执感到难过,想和彼得谈谈, that they could clear the air.Peter told Harry the guitar was a birthday 好消除误会。彼得八岁生日时收到了祖父送的吉他, p 这 re 把 se 吉 n 他 t f 对 ro 他 m 意 h 义 is 重 g大r。andfather ,and it meant a lot to him.After saying sorry, Harry told Peter he would be more carefu l in future. 道歉之后,哈里告诉彼得他以后会更加小心。 Tick the situations you have experienced before.How did they make 勾选你以前经历过的情况。 you feel?What happened in the end?Talk to a partner about them. 这些情况让你感觉如何?最后发生了什么?和同伴聊聊这些经历。 定语后置;feel/What/happen(to do)要放在代词后面,不能前置 □ argued with a friend 和朋友争吵过 和ta陌lk生ed人 交to谈 a过 stranger □lost something special 丢失了重要的东西 □□h伤ur害t 了so亲m近e的on人e you were close to □heard something hurtful 听到了伤人的话 输掉了一场比赛 suggest + doing sth. 建议做某事 A:I once lost a watch my dad gave me. suggest + 建议从句(虚拟语气 我曾经弄丢了爸爸给我的一块 B:How did that make you feel? should + v. 动词原形,should 可省略 手表。 那让你感觉怎么 A:I was very upset,and I was afraid to tell my dad about it too. 样? 我真的很伤心,而且也很害怕告诉爸爸这件事。 B:Did you find the watch in the end? 最后你找到那块手表了a吗rg?ue v. 争论、说服argument n. 不可数名词:争论的状态或行为 A:No,I didn't. 可数名词:一次具体的争论 没有,我没找 B:That's too bad! argue with/over sb. 争论 argue about sth. 和某人就某事争论 到。 那太糟糕了! argue with sb about/over sth. 和某人就某事争论 Growing Up 23 argue sb into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 argue sb out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事How about + 名词 / 代词 / 动名词 so that 能引导目的状语从句,区别于 “so...that...”(引导结果状 (doing sth.),意为 “…… 怎么 语从句)“表‘唯恐;目的’时,so that 引导目的状语从句,常搭 样?”语气比 “Why don't you...?” 配‘in case’‘for fear that’等”“请求动词(如 更随意 Read the conversation.Do you think Judy and her parents communicate 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的a父sk母/be沟g/通re得qu好es吗t/r?equire 等) + so that 从句”“表‘能够,可以’, well? 体现‘通过主句动作,能达成从句的目的’” Lily: What's wrong,Judy? 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? although 引导让步状语从句“虽 Judy: Well,my parents aren't happy with my 然…… 但是……”,不能和 but 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? grades. 同时使用,否则构成语法错误 副词pretty 修饰形容词good,表示相当好 Lily: Really?Weren't they pretty good this 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? term? Judy: Yeah,but my parents have very high 当主句为否 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? standards.They often compare me 定形式时, 时间状语从 with my cousin,Kate.She gets better 句中常用一 grades,plays the piano well,often wins awards ... 般现在时表 示将来动作Lily: I’m sorry to hear that.But I’m sure your parents just want you to do 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? well,although they may not show it.Why don't you talk to them? Until you talk to them,they might not know how you feel. Judy:I gues ...I know my parents love me,but sometimes I think they 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? love Kate more.I’m afraid I'll cry if we talk. Lily: How about writing them a letter so that you can get your message 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? across clearly? comparative adj. 比较的 compare v. 比较comparison Judy: Oh,that's a good idea. n. 比较compare...with... 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? Lily: Writing things down can also make you feel better. 将…… 与…… 比较 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? Judy: Thanks!Just talking to you makes me feel better already! make a comparison between 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? A and B 在 A 和 B 之间做比 较 Read the conversation again and complete the mind map. 阅读这段对话。你认为朱迪和她的父母沟通得好吗? award v. 授予;n. 奖 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 授予某人某 Judy's problem ● Judy's parents have Lily's opinion Lily's advice very high standards. · Judy can talk to her Judy's parents _· · Judy's parents often parents. just want her to compare her with her do well ·Judy can also cousin,Kate. pressure n. 压力(如气压、水压;也指心理压力) pressured adj. 有压力的 stress the importance of... 强调…… 的重要性 Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it. 先听对话,然后进行角色扮演。 Work in pairs.Imagine one of you is Judy and the other is her parent. Role-play a conversation after Judy's parents read the letter. 两人一组练习,一人扮演朱迪(Judy),另一人扮演她的家长。在朱迪的父母读完信后,进行对话角色扮演。 A:I’m sorry,Judy.I didn't realize you were so stressed.Would you like to 对不起,朱迪。我之前没意识到你压力这么大。你愿意聊聊吗? talk about it? B:OK,Mum/Dad.I’m feeling a lot or pressure because ... 好的,妈妈 / 爸爸。我现在感觉压力很大,因为…… standard n. 标准;adj. 标准的meet the standard 达到标准 UNIT 3 above standard 高于标准below standard 低于标准up to standard 符合标准reduction n. 减少(不可数)作可数名词时,表 “具体的一次减少、一项减免 reduce v. 减少 Grammar Focus reduce sb. to doing sth. 使某人陷入 / 被迫做某事 reduce sth. to + 数字 / 程度 减少到……(数量 / 程度) reduce from... to... 从…… 减少到…… a reduction in + 名词 …… 方面的减少 Read the sentences.Pay attention to the words in bold and translate the 读这些句子。注意粗体的单词,并把这些句子翻译成中文。 主句含情态动词(should) sentences into Chinese. 时,从句用一般现在时 尽管你们争吵过,但你们仍然非常亲密的朋 (feel 是一般现在时), Although you argued,you are still very close friends. 友。 如果你对某事感到心烦,你 直到和他交谈,你才会知道他的感受。 应该和你信任的人谈谈这件 You won't know how he feels until you talk to him. 事。从句用一般现在时表将 You 你 c 可 an 以 w 给 ri 父 te 母 t 写 o 信 y , ou 以 r 便 pa 他 re 们 nt 了 s 解 s 你 o 的 th 感 at 受 。 they'll know how 来yo)u 。feel. 如果你做了或说了错误的事情,你应该道歉。 If you did or said something wrong,you should say sorry. 用 although尽管、until直到、so that以便,为了或者 if如果完成句 子。 4b Complete the sentences with although,until,so that,or if. Although引导的从句不能与but同时出现在一个复合句中 1. If you feel upset about something,you should speak to a person whenever引导的时 you trust about it.如果你对某事感到心烦,你应该和你信任的人谈谈这件事。 间状语从句,相当于 虽然人们有时可能会伤害你,但这并不总是意味着他们是故意的。 “no matter when”2. Although people might hurt you sometimes,it doesn't always mean 无论如何,强调“任 that they did it on purpose. 何时间点”时态规则: 无论你心情好坏,都要和你爱的人聊聊,这样你的快乐会加倍,你的烦恼会减少。 从句用一般现在时 3.Talk to your loved ones whenever you feel good or bad so that your joy (feel)表将来,因 will be doubled,and your problems will be reduced by half. 主句是祈使句,遵循 如果你道歉,对方可能不想和你说话。 “主将从现”(祈使4. If you apologize,the other person might not want to talk to you. 句/含情态动词的主 除非你设身处地为她着想,否则你不会明白她为什么心烦。 5.You won't understand why she got upset until you put yourself in 句,从句用一般现在 apologize v. 道歉 /apology n. 道歉 时表将来) her shoes. apologize to sb for sth = make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb for doing sth 因做了某事向某人道歉 Read the passage about managing stress.Then complete the sentences. 阅读这篇关于管理压力的文章,然后完成句子。 There are many things you can do when you feel stressed.First,you can 当你感到有压力时,你可以做很多事情。 首先,你可以 take a break from what you are doing.This will help you clear your mind. 从正在做的事情中休息一下。 这将帮助你理清思绪。 You can listen to music or go for a walk.Next,share your problems with 你可以听音乐或去散散步。 或者,和你信任的人分享你的问题。 someone you trust instead of shutting yourself away.The person might not 这个人可能没有 h任av何e 建an议y给 a你dv,ic e f o r y o u 但,b谈ut论 ta你lk的in问g题 a可bo以u帮t y助o你ur感 p觉ro更b好le。ms can help you feel better.La最stl后y,,re记m得e照m顾be好r 自to己 t。ak e c a r e o f y o u r s e l f . E a吃t 健h康ea的lt食hy物 f,o锻od炼,e,xercise, and get e并no保u证gh充 足sle的e睡p.眠Th。e这se三 th件r事ee就 th对in减g压s 很al有on帮e助 a!re great for reducing stress! 1.If you feel stressed you should take a break from what you are doing. 如果你感到有压力,就应该从正在做的事情中停下来休息一下。 2.You can talk to a person you trust,although he/she might not have any advice for you你. 可以和你信任的人聊聊,尽管他 / 她可能给不了你任何建议。 3.You might not feel better until you talk about your problems (with someone you trust). 也许直到你(和你信任的人)谈论自己的问题,你才会感觉好一些。 4.You should eat healthy food,get plenty ofsleep,and exercise so thatyou can reduce stress ! 你应该吃健康的食物、保证充足的睡眠并进行锻炼,这样才能减轻压力! Complete the sentences and share your ideas. 4 完成句子并分享你的想法。 1.If I spend more time studying, I will get better grades. 如果我花更多时间学习,我会取得更好的成 2. Wait a minute until you can control your anger. 绩。 等一会儿,直到你能控制住自己的愤怒。 3.Although others might say bad things about you, you should still be yourself . 尽管其他人可能会说你的坏话,你还是应该做自己。 4.I will spend more time with my friends so that I'll be happier. 我会花更多时间和朋友们在一起,以便自己能更开心。 Growing Up 25positive attitude 积极的态度 section be positive about 对…… 乐观 / 肯定 be negative about 对…… 悲观 / 否定 我们如何保持积极乐观? negative effect 消极影响 B How can we stay pspoirsiti tni.v 精e神?、情绪 spiritual adj. 精神的 in high/low spirits 情绪高 / 低落 in the spirit of 本着…… 的精神 Read the idioms.Underline the ones that are negative.Do you know other 1a 阅读习语。在表示消极的习语下画线。你还知道其他描述情绪的习语吗? idioms that describe 1.a light heart/a heavy heart 2.feel blue/feel on top of the world 轻松的心情 / 沉重的心情 满脸愁容 / 笑容满面 3.have a long face/be all smiles 4.in low spirits/in high spirits 满脸愁容 / 笑容满面 闷闷不乐 / 兴高采烈 Read the story.What mistake did Matt make at the basketball game? 阅读故事。马特在篮球比赛中犯了什么错误? make a mistake 犯一个错误 enter v. 进入、加入、登记 《你不可能赢得所有比赛》 by mistake 错误地;无意中 enter for 报名参加比赛/活动等 You Can't Win Them All mistake A for B 把 A 错认为 B enter into 开始 When the bell rang,Matt entered the point at:指向(具体人或物,侧重指的动作) 铃响时, 马特怀着沉重 point to:指向(方向或远处事物,侧重指的对象)classroom with a heavy heart.“Hey,Matt,” 的心情走进教室。“嘿,马特,” point out:指出;指明 his best friend Tom greeted him.He and key point:关键点 他最好的朋友汤姆跟他打招呼道。他和 Tom were in the school's basketball team. 汤姆都是学校篮球队的队员。 “Why the long face?Are you still feeling “为什么你愁眉苦脸的? 你还在为 dare: bl周ue六 晚ab上o的ut比 S赛a感tu到rd难a过y 吗ni?g”ht 's汤 姆ga问m道e?。”Tom 做情态动词:敢于(侧重 “意愿”,无实际意 asked. 义,仅表语气) as + 形容词原级 + as:和…… 一 作实义动词(vt.):敢于;挑战(侧重 “动 "Of样 c…ou…rse I am,"Matt said quietly.He 作”,有实际意义) “我当然是,” 马特轻声说。他 didn’t dare to look at Tom as he spoke."I’m 说话时不敢看汤姆。 be hard on oneself:对自己苛刻 / 严厉 really sorry about letting everybody down. “我真的很抱歉让大家失望了。 The other team got those points because of me.” 另一队因为我才拿到那些分的。” "Don't be too hard on yourself!”Tom said.“Although you pushed their 别对自己太苛刻了,” 汤姆说,“虽然每个人都知道你们队的球员因为你得到了那些分 player,it was just an accident.Everyone knows that!” 数l。ea”rn from + 宾语(sb./sth./one's mistakes):从某人 / 某事 / 某人的错误中学习 Tom was a good friend.But Matt knew the referee didn't share Tom's “汤姆是个好朋友。 但马特知道裁判和他看法不同。 opinion.When the referee saw Matt push another player,he gave the other team 当裁判看到马特推了另一名球员时, 给了对方两次罚球机会。 two free throws.Matt was as shocked as anyone when the accident happened, 事故发生时, 马特和其他人一样震惊, take pride in:以…为傲=proud of以...为傲 but it was too late.He couldn't take it back. be proud of sb./sth.:为…… 感到自豪 但为时已晚。 他无法挽回了。 be proud to do sth.:做某事感到自豪 "I guess we have to respect his decision,”Matt said after a while.“But “我想我必须尊重我的决定,” 过了一会儿马特说,“但我们 we had a good chance to win untilImade that mistake.Why wasn’'t I more 本来有很好的获胜机会! 我犯了那个错误。 我为什么不更小心点? careful?I could just kick myself!I really could.” the + 形容词最高级 + 我 真该好好责怪自己!我真的应该。” 范围状语(in/of...)“Listen,Matt,"said Tom,“try to look on the bright side.The other team is “听着,马特,” 汤姆说, “试着往好的方面想。 对方球队 :在某范围内最…… the best in our area,but our scores were really close.I'm proud of us,and I know 离我们的比分非常接近。 他们是我们地区最好的,但我们的分数真的很接近。 our coach and everyone else in our schoolare as well.” 我为我们感到骄傲,我知道我们的教练和学校里的其他人也为我们感到骄傲。” Matt felt a bit better.“Thanks,Tom.I guess it's just hard to lose.” 马特感觉好多了。“谢谢,汤姆。我想我也应该为我们感到骄傲。” "Hey,you can't win them all,"said Tom.“It's more important to learn “嘿,你不可能赢得所有比赛,” 汤姆说, “更重要的是从错误中学习, from your mistakes so that you don’t repeat them in future.We'll keep working 这样你以后就不会再犯了。 我们将 repeat after sb:跟着某人重复 together as a team.One for all,and all for one,right?” 继续作为一个团队一起努力,对吗?”repeat sth to sb:把某事重复给某人 “You're right.If we pull together,we should win next time,”Matt smiled “你说得对。如果我们齐心协力,下次我们应该会赢的,” 马特笑了。 He was lucky to have a friend like Tom! 他很幸运有汤姆这样的朋友!score n. 分数、比分 v. 得分、给…… 打分 get a good/bad score:得高 / 低分 score a goal/point:进球 / 得分 score + 数字 + in + 科目 / 比赛:在某科目 / 比赛中得…分 the score (between A and B):A 与 B 的比分UNIT 31.Tom knew Matt was sad because Matt had a heavy heart, a long face, and was feeling blue. 2.The referee gave the other team two free throws. 3.Tom felt proud because the other team was the best in their area, but their scores were really Read the story again.Answer the questions. close. 再读一遍这个故事。回答这些问题。 1.How did Tom know that Matt was sad when he saw him? 汤姆看到马特时,是怎么知道他难过的? 2.What did the referee do when he saw Matt push another player? 当裁判看到马特推另一名球员时,他做了什么? 3.Why did Tom feel proud of their team even though they lost? 尽管球队输了,汤姆为什么还为他们的球队 4.What did Tom mean by“You can't win them all”? 感到骄傲? “你不可能赢得所有比赛” 是什么意思? 4.He meant that it's impossible to win every game, and it's more important to learn from mistakes. 5.When a friend feels bad about making a mistake,what advice can you 当朋友因为犯了错误而心情不好时,你能给出什么建议来帮助他们感觉好一些? offer to help them feel better? 5.I can advise them not to be too hard on themselves, to look on the bright side, and to learn from the mistake so they won't repeat it. Read again.Complete the problems and solutions. 再读一遍。完成问题和解决办法部分。 PROBLEM 马特为让自己的球队失望而感到抱歉 汤姆建议马特不要对自己太苛刻。 Matt felt sorry about letting his team down. 当裁判判给对方球队两次罚球时, 马特努力尊重裁判的决定。 M马a特tt感 fe到lt 很sh震o惊ck。ed when the Tom advised Matt not to be too referee gave the other team hard on himself. SOLUTION two free throws. 马特因为不够小心而导致球队失利, 汤姆帮助马特认识到, M 为 a 此 tt 感 fe 到 lt 难 b 过 ad 。 about not being 大Ma家tt仍 t然rie为d 他 t们o 的 re球sp队e感c t 到 t骄he傲 。 more careful and causing his referee's decision. team to lose. Tom helped Matt to realize that 汤姆告诉他, 马特很难接受失败。 他ev不er可yo能ne总 是w赢as, s而til且l 他pr们oud of their Matt found it hard to lose 会te继am续.一起努力。 expression n. 表达、表情 express v. 表达 expressive adj. 有表现力的 disappointment n. 失望T;omdi stoalpdp ohiinmt tvh.a(t 使he) c失o望uldn't disappointing adj. 令人失望的;disappointed adj. 感到失望的 Replace the underlined words with the idioms from the story. 用故事中的习语替换下划线的单词。 1.Edward noticed that his friend had a sad expression . 识别习语 long face Re 习 c 语 o 能 gn 让 iz 文 in 本 g 更 i 具 di 感 om 染 s 力。 2.T爱h德e华 m注u意si到ci他an的 a朋p友ol面og带iz愁e容d 。for Idioms can make a text more 习语的含义与其字面意思不同, 这 di 位 sa 音 p 乐 po 家 in 为 ti 让 ng 大 家 e 失 ve 望 ry 而 o 道 ne 歉 , when po但w构e成rfu这L些.T表h达e 的m词e汇an能in提g供 有of价 id值io的m线s 因为他生病无法参加演出。 di索ffe。rs from their literal meaning, ehe fell sick and couldn't but the words that make up these attend the show.letting everyone down expressions provide valuable clues. 当事情出错时,很容易生气。但如果你在糟糕的处境中想到好的方面,你会感觉好一些。 3.When something goes wrong,it's easy to get angry.But if you think about the good things in that bad situat ion , you'll feel better. look on the bright 4.即E使ve你n 尽if了 y最ou大 努try力 y,o你ur也 b不es可t,能yo赢u得 c所an有't 比al赛w。ays succeed or wsiind.eyou can' t win 当我们作为一个团队齐心协力时,你们可以取得伟大的成就。 them all 5.When you work together as a group,you can achieve great things. pull together “the situation is that...”(表 “情况是……”,用于描述现状) be disappointed at /with ... Role-play a conversation between Matt and his coach. 对…… 感到失望 分角色表演马特和他教练之间的对话。 to one's disappointment 令人失 A:I’m sorry I made a mistake on Saturday,Coach望. 的是 教练,很抱歉我周六犯了错。 B:It's OK.I was disappointed,but I know you didn’t mean to do it. 没关系,马特。我知道你不是故意的。 A: v..a.l..u.ed n. 价值;valuable adj. 有价值的 of value 有价值的 invaluable /ɪnˈvæljuəbl/adj. 极宝贵的 be valuable to... 对… 有价值 valueless adj. 无价值的;没用的 value sth/sb (as sth) 把…(视为…) value doing sth 重视做某事 place value on... 重视…… Growing Up 27belong v. 属于;belonging n. 归属感;belongings n. 财物 Vocabulary in Use take one's belongings 带好个人财物 belong to + 名词 / 代词宾格 属于…… 没关系,马特。我知道你不是故意的。 belong to 强调 “所属关系”(动作性弱,呈状态)。 没关系,马特。我知道你不是故意的。 Put the words in the boxinto the correct groups. 快乐的 生气的 震惊的 有压力的 伤人 的joy f u l 感an恩gry的 shocked stressed hurtful thankful 兴奋的 upset lonely afraid proud calm excited 心烦的 孤独的 害怕的 骄傲的 平静的 Positive Negative joyful, thankful, excited, proud, calm angry, shocked, stressed, worried, own 是及物动词,强调 “拥有”(动作性强)。 hurtful, upset, lonely, afraid, shy 例:I own a car. = A car belongs to me.(我有一辆 车。) 没关系,马特。我知道你不是故意的。 Complete the sentences with the correct forms ofthe words in brackets. 1.A:What should I do if I feel lonely after moving to a new city? A: 如果我搬到新城市后感到孤独,我该怎么办? B:Try to make new friends.A sense of belonging can help you to B: 试着交新朋友。归属感可以帮助你对抗孤独感。 fight the feeling of lonel iness .(lonely) 2.A:Did you hear the news?I was shockedto hear about the fight A: 你听说那个打斗了吗?听到昨天的打架事件我很震惊。 yesterday. B:It was a shock to me too.We should say no to bullying.(shock) B: 对我来说也是个震惊。我们应该对欺凌说不。 3.A:I’m sorry I shouted at you just now.I was just feeling stressed . A: 我知道你不是那个意思!我只是压力很大 B:Iknow you didn't mean to do that.People can behave differently B: 我知道你不是故意的。人们在压力下表现会不同。 under stress.(stress) 4.A:I’m really worried about failing physics.The exam yesterday was A: 我真的很担心物理不及格。昨天的考试非常难。 very hard.Last night,I couldn't get any sleep,and I lay awake most of 昨晚,我睡不着觉,大部分时间都醒着。 the night. B:That can happen.Don't worry .I know you tried your best.If you B: 那种情况可能会发生。别担心。我知道你已经尽力了。如果你不及格, fail,you can take the exam again.(worry) 你可以再考一次。 20 R阅e读ad短 t文he。 p用as方sa框g中e.单R词ep的la正ce确 t形he式 u替n换de下rl划in线ed的 w单o词rd。s with the correct forms of the words in the bdoexe。p(adj. 深的,低沉的,深沉的);depth(n. 深度);deeply(adv. 深地) 决定 伤害 愤怒 放松的 有点 消极的 decision hurt anger relaxed bit negative get mad at sb.: 对某人生气 instead of doing sth.: 代替;而不是 Although it is normal to get mad at others from time to time, y less angry:不那么生气 w虽e 然sh时o不ul时d 对al别w人ay生s 气try是 o很u正r 常be的st, to control our anger instead of o 但我们应该始终尽力控制自己的愤怒, expressing it in bad ways.When we’re mad, we might shout at u! 而不是用不好的方式去表达。当我们生气时,可能会对别人大喊大叫, other people or say mean things to them.After all,anger is like a bit 是副词短语,有 “一点;稍微;有点” 的意思,修饰形容词比较级 或者对他们说刻薄的话。 毕竟,愤怒就像 breath(n. 呼吸);reathe a fire.It can make you hurt others or yourself!Luckily,there 一团火,它会让你伤害别人,也会伤害自己! 幸运的是, breathedeeply/hard/heavily: are a few simple things you can do to stay calm. For example, 有一些简单的方法可以让你保持冷静。 例如, breathe a sigh of relief: tr试y 着ta深ki呼ng吸 a, d e e p b r e a th .T 这ha会t 给gi你ve一s 个y冷ou静 a下n来 o、pportunity to calm d让ow怒n气 a稍nd微 b消e减co一m点e的 a 机 li会ttl。e l e s s a n g r y .Y你o也u可 c以an散 a散ls步o 、ta跑ke跑 a步 , w或al者k,把go自 f己o的r a感 r受u写n,下or来 w。ri t e a b o u t y o u r f e e生li气ng是s正.G常et的ti,ng angry is n但or你m选al择, 用bu什t 么w样ha的t 方yo式u来 c处ho理o愤se怒 t,o 取do决 w于i你th自 y己ou。r anger is up to 28 UNIT 33 28 UNIT 3encourage:v. 鼓励;encouragement:n. 鼓励;encouraging:adj. 令人鼓舞的;encouraged:adj. 受鼓舞的 encourage sb. to do sth.:鼓励某人做某事;be encouraged by sth.:被…… 激励 Dear Mrs Thompson, 阅读凯莉写给她老师的感谢信。凯莉为什么心怀感激? RIe awda Knt etloly 'tsh athnak nyko-uy ofuo rl ebteteinrg t om hye rt etaecahcehre.rY.oWu htyo oiks tKheel ltyim the atnok fhuell?p me, although yocuo nwfeirdee nscoe: bnu.s y自. 信;confident:adj. 自信的;with confidence:自信地 Your classehsav ea lcwoanyfisd emncaed ein msbe. / hstahp.p:y对.I …us…e d有 t信o 心 th;inbku i tlhda ut p sccoienfnicdee n cwea:s树 立信心 boring and difficult,and I did badly in class.I never liked science until l took your class.You encouraged me and made science lessons fun,and slowly,I gr尊ew敬 的m汤or普e 森c夫on人fid:ent. l also want to thank you for being kind to me.You helped me a lot,especially 我想感谢您成为我的老师。 尽管您非常忙碌,还是抽出时间帮助我。 after my grandmother passed away. I couldn't talk about my feelings to take the time to do sth.花时间做某事 anybody until you used to do sth.:过去常常做某事(现在已不做) sat 您w的ith课 m总e是 d让u我rin很g开 lu心n。ch t h a t d a y . Y o u l is t e我ne以d前 to觉 得m科e 学an既d 无 ta聊lk又ed难 ,with me so that I felt much better.That day will always remain in my mind.Thank you so 上课表现也不好。 在选您的课之前,我 much for being not only my teacher but also my friend. 一直不喜欢科学。 您鼓励我,让科学课变得有趣,慢慢地, Sincerely, 我变得更自信了,科学也学得很好。 Kelly Smith do well in...:在…… 方面做得好 thank sb. for doing sth.:因做某事感谢某人 我还想感谢您对我的友善。 您帮了 for是介词,后接动 我很多, 尤其是在我爷爷去世之后。 词(此处being是be 我当时非常伤心,找不到任何人倾诉自己的感p受as,s away:去世 的动名词) 直到那天午餐时您坐在我身边。您倾听我的心声, 和我聊天, 让我感觉好多了。 那 一天将永远留在我的记忆中。 非常感谢您, 您不仅是我的老师,也是我的朋友。 remain:v. 保持 remain to be done:有待被做 此致,诚挚的敬意 sincere:adj. 真诚的;sincerely:adv. 真诚地 sincerity:n. 真诚 in all sincerity:真心实意地 be sincere about...:对…… 是真诚的 你最想感谢谁?做好记录 Who would you like to thank the most?Make notes. The person l want to thank: My English teacher,Ms.Liu 我想要感谢的人:我的英语老师,刘老师 What difficulties l faced How he/she helped me I was very shy and afraid to speak She encouraged me to participate in English English in class.My English speaking debates and conversations. She spent extra time and listening skills were poor helping me practice listening and speaking after class. She always praised my small progress, in all sincerity 真心实意地 which made me more confident. be sincere about... 对…… 是真诚的 She is sincere about her love for music.(她对音乐的热爱是真诚的。) be sincere in doing sth. 真诚地做某事 He is sincere in helping the homeless.(他真诚地帮助无家可归的人。) Write your own thank-you letter.You can use your notes in 3b and 写一封你自己的感谢信。你可以用 3b 中的笔记和下面的表达来帮助你。 the expressions below to help you. ● Thank you for helping me to ... ● Thankyou very much foryour... 感谢你帮我…… 非常感谢您的…… ● On that day,I…,andyou helped me to ... ● I am very thankful because ... 那天,我…… 而你帮我…… 我非常感激,因为…… ● I didn't/couldn't….,but you ... ● WhenI…,you were there to .. 我没有 / 没能……,但你…… 当我…… 的时候,您就在那里…… Growing Up (relation n. 关系、亲戚;related n. 相关的、亲戚的;relative adj. 相对的 relate v. 与…… 有关;relate to 涉及;与…… 有关;be related to 与…… 有关 Project Share and solve problems 分享并解决问题 Think about a problem that makes 青少年常见问题 you worried or upset.Write it on a Common teenage problems piece of paper.Do not include your ● too much stres 太 s 多压力 思 na 考 m 一 e 个 . 让你担忧或难过的问题,把它写在 人际关系不佳 ● poor relationships 一张纸上,不要写你的名字 对未来的担忧 ● worries about the future 校园欺凌 Collect all the pieces of paper and put ● school bullying them in a收 b集o所x.有纸张并把它们放进一个盒子里。 Workingroups.Take one piece of paper from the box each time.Discuss the problem and provide your suggestions. 分组活动。每次从盒子里拿一张纸,讨论这个问题并提出你们的建议。 I find ithard to make friends.I'm afraid to talk to others, although find it + 形容词 + to do sth. 发现做某事是…… 的 Iwant to get to know them better. 我发现交朋友很难。我害怕和别人交谈,尽管我更想好好了解他们。 be afraid to do sth. = be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事(侧重因恐惧而不敢做) Present the problem and your suggestions to the class. The problem our group received is:“I find it hard to make friends."Here are some 向全班展示这个问题和你们的建议。 of our suggestions to this friend.First,you can join a sports club.Ifyou are afraid to talk to others,you could focus on the sport first. You can work together with a team我 们an小d组 g抽et到 to的 k问n题ow是 :m“or我e 发p现eo交pl朋e 友la很te难r.S。e”co nd,you could... 这里有一些给这位朋友的建议。 首先,你可以加入一个运动俱乐部。如果你 害怕和别人说话, 你可以先专注于运动。 你可以和团队一起合作, 之后再认识更多人。其次,你可以…… join in:加入 “组织 / 团体” 或 “加入某人” join in:加入 “正在进行的活动” Reflecting 反思 take part in:参与 “活动 / 事件”,强调 “积极参与” attend:“出席” 正式场合,强调 “到场” 1.Can you talk about positive and negative emotions? 你能谈论积极和消极的情绪吗? 2.Can you understand and use clauses with although,until,and so that? 你能理解并使用带有 although、until 和 so that 的从句吗? 3.What support or advice can you give others when they are angry,upset,or 当别人生气、难过或有压力时,你能给他们什么支持或建议? stressed? 4.What can you do to manage your own emotions and stay positive? 你能做些什么来管理自己的情绪并保持积极? A problem shared is a problem halved. 分享一个问题,问题就解决了一半。UNIT 3UNIT The Wonders of Nature 第四单元 自然奇观 本单元重点语法:形容词 / 副词比较级、最高级及数词 在本单元,你将: wonder 的用法: 1.谈论关于自然奇观的地理事实。 1.作动词:表示 “想知道;感到疑惑” 2.比较著名景点的相关信息。 后接疑问词(what/who/whether 等)引导的宾语从句,或搭 3.用大数字分享地理知识。 配 if/whether 表达 “是否”,从句需要用陈述语序。 4.探索人们怎样和为什么要与大自 如:I wonder what the secret is. 然建立联系? 我好奇这个秘密是什么。 She wonders if we can finish on time. 她想知道我们是否能准时完成。 2.作名词:表示 “奇迹;景观”,通常是可数名词,常指自然 connect 用法: 或人造景观。 1.v. 连接;接通 如:The Great Wall is a wonder of China. 如:connect with people 与人建 长城是中国的一大奇迹。 立联系 2.n. 连接;联系 如:The bridge is a connect between two cities. 这座桥是两 座城市之间的连接。 nature(不可数名词) 固定搭配: 表示 “大自然;自然界” 1.connect to... 连接到 指生物及山脉、河流等自然世界。 2.connect with 与 --- 联系 表示 “性质;天性”,指事物的特征或人的本性。 。 3.connect up 接上;接上 ★常见搭配: in nature 本质上;事实上 by nature 生来;天生 观察与分享 我们如何与大自然建立联系? 你知道图片中瀑布的名字吗? How do we 你认为它有什么特别之处? BIG connect with 你还知道哪些自然奇观呢? Question nature? In this unit,you will Look and share 在本单元,你将: 观察并分享 1.Do you know the name of the waterfall in 谈1.t论alk关 a于bo自ut 然 ge奇og观ra的ph地y 理fac事ts实 a。bout natural 你知道照片中瀑布的名字吗? 比wo较nd著ers名. 景点的相关情况。 the photo? 用2.c大om数p字are分 f享ac地ts 理ab知ou识t f。amous places. 2.W你ha认t 为do它 y有ou什 th么ink特 i别s s之pe处ci?al about it? 探3.s究ha人re们 g如eo何gra以ph及y 为fa何cts与 u大sin自g 然 lar建ge立 n联um系b。ers. 你还知道哪些其他的自然奇观?观察并分享 你知道照片中瀑布的名字吗? 你认为它有什么特别之处? 你还知道哪些其他的自然奇观? 3.What other natural wonders do you know? The Wonders of NatureCT dead adj. 死的、不工作的;die v. 死亡 death n. 死亡;die of + 疾病 / 年老 / 情感(表 “内因” 导致的死亡) die from + 意外 / 事故 / 外部伤害(表 “外因” 导致的死亡) What is amazing about nature? 大自然的神奇之处在哪 desert n. 沙漠;v. 抛弃mountain n. 山 里? mountainous adj. 多山的 把地方和图片匹配起来。 in the mountains (泛指)在山区 Match the places with the pictures. on the mountain 在某座山上 Nile Rive尼r 罗 河 Angel 安Fa赫ll尔s 瀑 布 珠 M穆朗ou玛nt峰 Qomolangma Dead Sea 死 海 Sahara De撒se哈rt拉 沙 漠 Mari马an里a 亚Tr纳en海ch沟 形容词和副词的最高级 定义:当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时,用形容词或副词的最高级。 构成:单音节词:一般在词尾加 -est:tall - tallest;long - longest 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的,词尾加 -st:nice - nicest;late - latest 以辅音字母 + y 结尾的,把 y 变为 i,再加 -est:heavy - heaviest;busy - busiest 重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音字母,再加 -est:big - biggest;hot - hottest 部分双音节词和多音节词:在原级前加 most 构成比较级 + slowly - more slowly 不规则变化:good/well - better - best;bad/ill/badly - worse - worst 用法:形容词、副词最高级的用法(表示三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较时用最高级 the + 最高级 + in/of + 范围) 例:The picture is the best of all.(这幅画是所有画中最好的。) 形容词最高级前必须加定冠词 the,但如果最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,则不用定冠词。 例:Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack or Bill?(汤姆、杰克或比尔,谁最高?) 表示 “最…… 之一” 用 “one of + the + 最高级 + 可数名词复数” 例:Mary is one of the most popular teachers in our school.(玛丽是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。) 形容词最高级前面加序数词,表示 “第几……” 例:He is the second tallest boy in our class.(他是我们班第二高的男孩。) 比较级和最高级之间的互换: He is taller than any other boy in our class.(形容词比较级 + than any other + 单数名词) = He is taller than the other boys in our class.(形容词比较级 + than the other + 复数名词) = He is the tallest boy in our class.(他是我们班最高的男孩。) Listen to the game show.Complete the descriptions ofthe places. Place Description Measurement Mount 世界上最高的山峰 thehighest mountain in the world 8848.8 6 metres high Qomolangma 8848.86 米高 珠穆朗玛峰 世界上最大的沙漠 about9,000,000 square Sahara Desert thebiggest desert in the world kilometres in size 撒哈拉沙漠 面积约 900 万平方公里 地球上最低的地方 416 metres below sea level Dead Sea 死海 the lowest place on earth 海平面以下 416 米 Mariana Trench 海洋中最深的点 about 11000 metres 马里亚纳海沟 the deepest pointin the ocean d约ee p11000 米深 description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/n. 描述;describe v. 描述;描写 square n. 广场、正方形;adj. 正方形的、公正的 1c Listen again.Complete the measurements in 1b with the numbers below. deep adj. 深的、低沉的; 再听一遍,用 1b 中的数字完成测量。 depth n. 深度;deeply adv. 深地 416 8,848.86 11,000 9,000,000 deep - deeper - deepest deep sea 深海 take a deep breath 深呼吸 1d T 谈 al 论 k 你 ab 所 o 了 ut 解 t 到 he 的 p 地 la 方 ce 。 s you have learnt t h a e b S ou ah t. ara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠;desert area 沙漠地区 A:What's the lowest place on earth? natural desert 天然沙漠;desert landscape 沙漠景观 地球上最低的地方是什么? desert sb./sth. 抛弃某人 / 某物;in square 正方形 B:It's ... on the square 正直地;公正地;square with 与…一致 它 A:How low is it? describe... to sb. 向某人描述…… 是…… 它有多低? describe... as... 把…… 描述为; B:Its surface is ..metres below sea level. give a description of... 对…… 进行描述 它在海平面以下…… 米。 A:Now,what's ... 它的面积是…… the surface of... 表示 “…… 的表面”,后接名词(可数 / 不可数均可)。 例:The surface of the lake is covered with ice in winter.(冬天湖面结满了冰。) on the surface 意为 “表面上;从表面看”,常用于描述 “外观与实际有差异” 的语境。 例:On the surface, the question is simple, but it's really hard.(表面上这个问题很简单,但其实很难。32 UNIT 4dive v. 潜水;跳水;俯冲 dive into:潜入;投入 dive from:从…… 跳水 dive to:潜到…… What do you know about the deep sea?Try to label the depths in 你对深海了解多少?试着用左边的信息给图中的深度标注。 the picture with the information on the left海. 洋深度 OCEAN DEPTHS m 奋斗者号到达的深度 vessel n. 船;容器 深海开始的深度 Height of shipping vessel:货运船高度 naval vessel:海军舰艇 use a vessel to...:用容器来…… research v./n. 研究;调查 泰坦尼克号所处的深度 do/carry out research:进行研究 research into/on:对…… 的研究 鲸鱼最深的潜水深度 A class is asking a deep-sea researcher some questions after his talk。 一个班级在深海研究员的讲座后向他提问。听录音并勾选他们讨论的话题。 Listen and tick the topics they discuss.protect v. 保护;protection n. 保护 protect...from/against sth:保护某人 / 某物 □ where the deep sea begins 免受……(伤害 / 危险) 深海从哪里开始 provide protection (for sb/sth):提供保护 ☑ why people are researching the deep sea 人们为什么进行海洋探索 ☑ which Chinese vessel dived deeper in the water than many others 哪艘中国船只比许多其他船只潜入更深的水域 ☑what deep-sea animals are like 深海动物是什么样的 □ how everyone should protect the deep sea 每个人应该如何保护深海 for sb/sth to do sth 对某人 / 某物来说,做某事是不寻常的 Listen again.Complete the sentences with the facts from the conversation. 再听一遍。用对话中的事实完成句子。 1.People stilldon't know much about the ocean floor. 人们对洋底仍了解不多。 2.In 2020 ,China's Fendouzhe dived into the deep sea and filmed it. 2020 年,中国 “奋斗者” 号潜入深海并拍摄了它。 3.Many deep-sea animals are large and unusual . 许多深海动物体型庞大且形态奇特。 4.Some animals have unusual abilities.Some are blind but can “see 一些动物有特殊能力。有些是盲的,但能 “看见”。有些甚至能自己发光。 ".Some can even create 5.There is rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep. 即使在 11,000 米深的地方也有垃圾。 Read the questions and think of more you would like to ask the deep-sea 阅读这些问题,思考更多你想问深海研究员的问题。研究答案,然后和搭档一起提问并回答。 researcher.Research the answers.Then ask and answer the questions with a the bottom of...:…… 的底部(核心短语,后接名词 / 代词) partner. 深海中最大的鲨鱼是什么? 例:There is some sand at the bottom of the box. ● What is the largest shark in the deep sea?(盒子底部有一些沙子。) 深海的底部是什么样的? from top to bottom:从头到尾;彻底 ● What is the bottom of the deep sea like? 还有其他什么船只潜到过海洋底部? 例:I cleaned my room from top to bottom yesterday. ● What other vessels dived to the bottom of the ocean? 我昨天把房间彻底打扫了一遍。 深海对我们为什么重要? ● Why is the deep sea important to us? at the bottom (of...):在…… 底部(表位置) 例:She found a small key at the bottom of her bag. 她在包底找到了一把小钥匙。 The Wonders of Natureby means of…:意为 “通过…… 方式” 例:We can keep in touch by means of WeChat.(我们可以通过微信保持联 系。) Read the conversation and underline the three rivers mentioned. 阅读这段对话,并在提到的三条河流下面划线。 by no means:意为 “绝不;一点也不”(若位于句 Yaming:Welcome back,Ella!How was your trip? 亚明:欢迎回来,埃拉!你的旅行怎么样? 首,句子需部分倒装) Ella: It was great!We saw the Hukou Waterfall on 例:He is by no means lazy.他绝不是懒惰的。 埃拉:太棒了!我们看到了黄河的柳口瀑布。 the Yellow River.Is that the longest river 那是中国最长的河流吗? in China? Yam亚i明ng::N不o是,th,e 长Y江an是gt中ze国 R最iv长e的r 河 is流 。the longest river in China.It它 tr流av程els最 t远he, farthest and is a大bo约u有t 663,3000 0公 里ki长lo。metres long.The 黄河长 5464 公里,是 Yellow River is 5,464kilometres long and is 第二长的河流。 对了,你知道 the second longest.By the way,do you know 它为什么叫黄河吗? why it's called the Yellow 埃拉:因为它是黄色的? River? Ella: Because it's yellow? 亚明:没错。这条河的一些河段携带褐色 Yaming:R和ig黄ht色.S的om泥e土 p。arts of the river carry brown 埃拉 : an真d有 意ye思llo!w我 喜ea欢rth了. 解河流。我最喜欢的是尼罗 河。你知道它是非洲最长的河流吗? Ella: That’s interesting!I like learning about rivers.My favourite is the Nile.Did you know it's the longest river in Africa? Yaming:Yes,it's 6,671 kilometres long.It's very important in Egypt's history. 亚明:知道,它有 6671 公里长。它在埃及的历史上非常重要。 Ella: That's right.Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient 埃拉:说得对。尼罗河和黄河都帮助了古代文明的发展。 civilizations to develop.And they're still very important today. 而且它们在今天仍然非常重要。 Yaming:Yes.In China,we even call the Yellow River our“mother river”! 亚明:是的。在中国,我们甚至称黄河为我们的 “母亲河”! Ell埃a: 拉 : W我e们 无sh论ou如ld 何 p都ro应te该ct 保 t护he它m们 b。y all means. What do Yaming and Ella know about these rivers?Read the conversation again and complete阅 读th这e 段ta对b话le.,并在提到的三条河流下面划线。 River Country Length Importance Yellow River China 5,464 km helped in the development of Nile River Egypt 6,671 km ancient civilizations the development of civilization:文明的发展 Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it. modern civilization:现代文明 听这段对话并进行角色扮演。 ancient civilizations:古代文明 3d Imagine that you are Yaming or Ella.Continue the conversation with 想象你是亚明或埃拉。继续和同伴谈论中国的其他地理特征。 a partner about other geographical features in China. Ella: Could you tell me more about China,Yaming? 埃拉:亚明,你能多给我讲讲中国吗? Yaming: Sure!What would you like to know? 亚明:当然可以!你想知道些什么? Ella: What's the biggest desert in China? 埃拉:中国最大的沙漠是什么?civilization n. 文明;civilize v. 使文明 Yaming: It's the Taklimakan Desert. civilized adj. 文明的;有教养的 亚明:是塔克拉玛干沙 Ella: Do you know...? civilly adv. 文明地;有礼貌地 漠。 埃拉:你知道…… 吗? uncivilized adj. 不文明的;野蛮的 develop v. 发展;developed adj. 发达的; developing adj. 发展中的;development n. 发展 ancient adj. 古代的;n. 古人;antique adj. 古董的 antiquity n. 古代 34 UNIT 4“as + 动词原形 + as”,此处 “well” 是副词,修饰动词 “see”, Grammar Focus 表示 “(看)得一样好”。 “be 动词(is) + 现在分词(growing)”,表示动作正在持续进 行,“still”(仍然)强化了 “增长” 这一动作的持续性。 Read the sentences.Circle the adjectives which compare things.Underline 读这些句子。圈出用来比较事物的形容词。在用来比较动作的副词下面划线。 the adverbs which compare actions. 世界上最大的沙漠是什么? What is the biggest desert in the world? It is the Sahara Desert. 是撒哈拉沙 How big is it?它有多 It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. 它的面积约为 900 万平方公 Where is the deepest point in the ocean? It is in the Mariana Trench.在马里亚纳海沟。 海洋的最深处在哪里? How deep is it? 它有多深? It is about 11,000 metres deep.大约有 11000 米深。 Some blind animals can"see"as well as others. 一些失明的动物能和其他动物看得一样 Mount Qomolangma is still growing taller. 珠穆朗玛峰还在不断变高长 The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long 长江是中国流程最远的河流,长约 6300 公里。 . “others” 相当于 “other + 可数名词复数”,泛指 “others” 表泛指; “the others” 表特指某一范围内的 “其余全部”。 Write or spell out the numbers. 读这些句子。圈出用来比较事 1.Mount Kilimanjaro is 5,895 (five thousand,eight hundred and ninety-five)metres high.乞力马扎罗山高 5895 米(五千八百九十五米)。 2. 25,768 (twenty-five thousand,seven hundred and sixty-eight)cubic 每秒有 25768 立方米(二万五千七百六十八立方米)的水从因加瀑布倾泻而下。 metres of water pours down Inga Falls each second. 3.The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000( four thousand) miles 东非大裂谷长约 4000 英里(四千英里)。 long. 4.The Taklimakan Desert has a total area of about 337,000( three 塔克拉玛干沙漠的总面积约为 337000 平方公里(三十三万七千平方公里) hundred and thirty - seven thousand )square kilometres. 形容词修饰可数名词单数时,常遵循 “冠词 + 形容词 + 名词” 的顺序,不可颠倒。 ④c C 读 o 这 m 些 p 句 let 子 e 。 th 圈 e 出 pa 用 s 来 sa 比 ge 较 w 事 ith the correct forms of the words in the box。 One word is used more than once. As 引导时间状语从句时,“as” 意为 large scary amazing “就在我们眼前”,从句动作多为短暂性动 作,与主句动作同时发生; far close loud “as” 作 “当…… 时”,“主从一 致”;介词短语作插入语,插入主句中间, My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in 不改变主句结构。 去年我和朋友们参观了非洲的维多利亚瀑布。 Africa last year.Visiting one of the world's 参观世界上 most amazing waterfalls was a magical 最令人惊叹的瀑布之一是一次奇妙的经历。 experience.As we went got close to the 当我们靠近瀑布时, fa水ll声s,t慢he慢 n变o得ise越 来of越 th大e。 w a ter slowly grew louder and louder .Then, right be然fo后re, our eyes,the waterfall appeared.It went on for as far as the eye co就u在ld我 s们ee眼.L前at,er瀑,w布e出 s现at了 in。 a s p e c i a l p它oo一l 直at延 t伸he到 t目op之 o所f 及th的e 地fa方ll。s.There, we felt the w后at来er, r我us们h 坐pa在st瀑 u布s 顶an端d的 b一ec个om特e殊 水a p池a里rt 。o f t h e w a t e r f a ll . I t w a s t h在e那 sc 里 ar , ie 我 st 们 b感ut觉 also the most experience of our trip! 水流从我们身边奔腾而过,我们也仿佛融入了瀑布之中。 Write some questions to compare places.Then ask a partner your questions. 写一些用于比较不同地方的问题。然后向同伴提出你的这些问题。 ● What is the highest ...? ● Which park is bigger,...or ...? 读这些句子。圈出用来比较事 读这些句子。圈出用来比较事 百位及以上:百位:“基数词 + hundred”,如 300(three hundred);几百几十 / 几百几十五:“基数词 + hundred + and + 几十 / 几十五”,如 350(three hundred and fifty)、425(four hundred and twenty - five);千位及以上:“基数词 + thousand(千)/million(百万)/billion(十亿)”,注意 “万” 是 “ten thousand”,“亿” 是 “one hundred million”,如:10,000(一万)→ ten thousand。 1,000,000(一百万)→ one million;1,234,567(一百二十三万四千五百六十七)→ one million, two hundred and thirty - four thousand, five hundred and sixty - seven。 拼写规则:三位数三位用逗号分隔,对应单位 thousand(千)、million(百万)、billion(十亿);十位与个位间加连字符 (几十几的表达)。Grammar Focus Read the sentences.Circle the adjectives which compare things.Underline The Wonders of Nature 35CTlo B explore v. 探索;exploration n. 探索;explorer n. 探险家 exploratory adj. 探索性的distance n. 距离;v. 与…… 保持距离 distant adj. 遥远的 Why do we explore 我们为什么探索自然? distance oneself from... 与…… 划清界限 keep distance from... 与…… 保持距离 What do you know about Mount Qomolangma?Tell a partner. 1 at a distance 在一定距离处 关于珠穆朗玛峰,你知道些什么?和同伴说说。 in the distance 在远处 a Scan the article to find the information below. 浏览文章,找出以下信息。 1. Death Road: what climbers called the way Scanning up the northern side of the mountain 略读: 死亡之路:登山者对从北侧攀登路线的称呼 2.8,600 metres :the distance between the Y你o可u c以an快 re速ad阅 a读 te文xtq本ui以ck找ly 到to find second Step and sea level s特pe定cif信ic 息inf。or你ma可tio以n,阅su读ch 文本以 8600 米:第二步与海平面的距离 3.25 May 1960 :when the first Chinese s寻nu找m特ber定s,信息,例如数字、 team reached the top of Qomolangma y年ea份rs,、na名me称s, 和an地d p点la。ces数.N字um、b年ers 1960 年 5 月 25 日:中国第一支登山队登顶 4. 1975:when the second Chinese team 份和地点通常在句首。阿拉伯 Reach珠in穆g 朗 N玛e峰w的 H时e间ights and years are usually in Arabic reached the top of Qomolangma 数字通常以小写字母开头,而 To most1 9 p75e o年plceo,Mndoituinotn Qn.o m状o况la;ngaimr a is one of the greantuemset r awls,ownhdileer nsa m oefs atnhde p lwacoesrld. On 5. 8c,8o4n8d.i8t6i mone trve.s : 空th调e ; heiing hgto o do f c o Qndoimtioolann gma 地点通常以大写字母开头。 the highest place on earth,you will feel like you are able to touch the sky.But only in 2020 the best climbers reach the top,and that is only if they survive the terrible 8848.86 米:2020 年珠穆朗玛峰的高度 conditions first.On the mountain,temperatures can fall to-30 degrees.Climbers condition n. 状况;air condition v. 空调;in good condition 状况良好 must also deal with thin air,high cliffs,and changeable weather. Before 1960,no one was able to re勇ac攀h 高 th峰e top of Qomolangma from the northern side.Mountain climbers even called that way the "Death Road",but a 对大多数人来说,珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇迹之一。 Chinese climbing team was determined to make the climb. 在地球上最高的地方,你会感觉自己仿佛触摸到天空。 On 24 May 1960,climbers Liu Lianman,Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua,and Gong Bu 但只有最优秀的登山者才能登顶,而且这还得是他们首先能在恶劣的环境中存活下来才行。 arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres above sea level.People said it was so 在这座山上,气温能降到零下 30 度。登山者还 high that even birds could not reach it.Liu allowed his teammates to step on his 必须应对稀薄的空气、高耸的悬崖和多变的天气。 shoulders.Bit by bit,the climbers pulled themselves up,and they made it past the Second Step.At 4:20 a.m.on 25 May,the Chinese national flag flew above the 1960 年以前,没有人能从北侧登顶珠穆朗玛峰。 world's highest mountain for the first time. survive 登山者们甚至将那条路线称为 及物动词:意为 “幸存;从…… 中 “死亡之路”, 但一支中国登山队决心完成这一攀登。 存活” 不及物动词:意为 “幸存;活下来” survive from:从…… 中幸存 survive on:靠…… 生存 1960 年 5 月 24 日,登山队员刘连满、王富洲、 屈银华和贡布抵达了 “第二台阶”。 它海拔 8600 米。 人们说它 太高了,就连飞鸟都到不了那里。 刘连满 让队友们踩在他的肩膀上。 登山队员们一点一点地往上攀登, 最终成功通过了 “第二台阶”。5 月 25 日凌晨 4 点 20 分, to...degree 在…… 程度上 中国国旗首次在世界最高峰上空飘扬。 degree n. 度数;程度;学位 by degrees 逐渐地 determine v. 决定;确定;决心 change n. 变化;v. 换(不可数);v. 变化 及物动词:下决心;做出决定 changeable adj. 易变的 不及物动词:to do sth. 决心做某事 change...for... 用…… 换…… determination n. 决心 change...into... 把…… 变成 / 换成…… determined adj. 坚决的;有决心的 change one's mind 改变主意 a change in... …… 方面的变化 on one's shoulder (s) 在某人肩膀上shoulder n. 肩膀 v. 承担shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地;齐心协力地In 1975,another Chinese team climbed to the top of Qomolangma to do research.This time,they brought a ladder to the Second Step.Until 2007, almost all climbers from the measure up to:达到;符合 ntaokret hmeerans usriedse t uo sdeod sththis. “采C取hi措ne施se做 L某a事dder”to reach the top much faster. In 2020,a third team rmeeatusurnree dv .t o测 Q量ommeoaslaurnegmmenat tno. m测e量as;ur尺e 寸its height—8,848.86metres. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous.Some climbers reach the top successfully, but 1975 年,另一支中国登山队登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。 many fail.Why do people still risk their lives to climb the highest mountain in the 所有队员都成功抵达了山顶。 这一次, world?It is because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped.Or,as the 他们带了一个梯子到 “第二台阶”。直到 2007 年, English explorer George Mallory put it,it is simply“because it's there”! 几乎所有从北侧攀登的登山者都会使用这个 “中国梯”,从而更快地登顶。 arouse one's curiosity 引起某人的好奇心 2020 年,第三支队伍重返珠穆朗玛峰, curiosity n. 好奇curiously adv. 好奇地curious adj. 好奇的 测量其高度为 8848.86 米。 be curious about 对…好奇be curious to do sth. 极想做某事 It's curious that...…是奇怪的 攀登珠穆朗玛峰是很危险的。 有些登山者成功登顶, 但很多人失败了。为什么人们仍然要冒着生命危险去攀登这座世界最高峰呢? 因为人类的好奇心和雄心是无法被阻挡的。 或者 正如英国探险家乔治・马洛里所说,原因很简单,“因为它就在那里”! It’s because...是固定结构,用于回答“why”引导的问句 simple adj. 简单的simply adv. 简单地”be + simple to do sth. 做某事是简单的 as 是连词,引导方式状语从句,意为 “正如…… 所说 1c Read the article again and find the answers to these questions.Write the 再读一遍文章,找到这些问题的答案。写下段落编号并记录细节。 paragraph numbers and note down the details. 1.Why is it difficult to climb Qomolangma? Paragraph(s): 1 Details:Temperatures can fall to -30 degrees. Climbers must deal with thin air, high cliffs, and changeable weather. 2.What achievements did China's climbing teams make? Paragraph(s): 2、3、4 Details: In 1960, the first Chinese team reached the top. In 1975, another teambrought a "Chinese Ladder" to the Second Step. In 2020, a third team measured its height as 8,848.86 metres. 3.Why do people risk their lives to climb Qomolangma? Paragraph(s): 5 Details: Because human curiosity and ambition cannot be stopped. Read again.Circle T for true or Ffor false.Then correct the false statements. 再读一遍文章,找到这些问题的答案。写下段落编号并记录细节。 1.To reach the top of Qomolangma,one needs both a strong body T F 要登上珠穆朗玛峰峰顶,一个人既需要强壮的身体,也需要坚强的意志。 and a strong mind. 2.The climber Gong Bu helped his teammates go past the Second Step. T F 登山者贡布帮助他的队友们通过了第二台阶。 3.More than one Chinese team used the "Death Road"to reach the 不止一支中国队伍通过 “死亡之路” 登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。 top of Qomolangma. T F 4.Two Chinese teams reached the top of Qomolangma in 1975. T F 1975 年,两支中国队伍登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。 5.Climbers first started to use the“Chinese Ladder”in 2007. T F 登山者于 2007 年首次开始使用 “中国梯” 1e Discuss the questions. 讨论这些问 题。 1.How do you think the Chinese climbers felt when they placed the national 你认为中国登山者把国旗插上珠穆朗玛峰山顶时是什么感受? flag on top of Qomolangma? 2.What do you think George Mallory meant by“because it's there”? 你认为乔治・马洛里所说的 “因为山就在那里” 是什么意思? 3.What qualities do you think a good mountain climber needs to have? 你认为一名优秀的登山者需要具备哪些品质? 1. I think they felt extremely proud and excited. Placing the national flag on the world's highest mountain was a great achievement for them and for China. 2. George Mallory probably meant that people climb Qomolangma simply because the challenge itself is the reason. It's about human desire to explore and conquer what's there. 3. A good mountain climber needs to have physical strength, mental toughness, teamwork spirit, and a strong will to face difficulties and dangers.risk n. 风险;v. 冒…… 风险 risky adj. 冒险的 Vocabulary in Use take a risk /take risks 冒险 at risk 处于危险中 the risk of (doing) sth. …… 的风险 词汇运用 risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 2a Match the words on the left with their opposites on the right. 将左边的单词与右边它们的反义词配对。 D1.below B5.top A.safe E.unusual E2.common C 6.northern B.bottom F.living G3.low A7.risky C.southern G.high F4.dead H 8.survive D.above H.die 2b Read the examples and make more sentences using howand the words 读这些例子,并用 how 和方框里的单词造更多的句子。 in the box. How far is it from your home to school? How heavy is a blue whale? 从你家到学校有多远? 蓝鲸有多重? H你o的w国 l家ar有ge多 is大 your country? How often do you 你多久锻炼一次? exercise? 长 高 深 低 快 快 1. How long is the Yangtze River? 4. How low is the ceiling? 长江有多长? 天花板有多低? 2. How high is the tree? 5. How fast can you type? 这棵树有多高? 你打字有多快? 2c 3. How deep is the well? 6. How soon will the movie 这口井有多深? 电影多久开始? start? Complete the passage with the correct forms ofthe words in the box. 用方框中单词的正确形式完成短文 深的 环境 生存 极好的 表面 潜水 deep environment survive wonderful surface dive Located in Siberia,Russia,Lake Baikal is one of the world's most famous 位于俄罗斯西伯利亚的贝加尔湖是世界上最著名的湖泊之一。 lakes.It is the deepest freshwater lake in the world.To reach the 它是世界上最深的淡水湖。 bottom,you must dive 1,620 metres!It is also larger than most other 要到达湖底,你必须下潜 1620 米。 它也比大多数其他湖泊更大, la 湖 ke 面 s 面 .It 积 s 达su r3f1a5c0e0 平 co 方 v 公 er 里 s , 3 1 , 5 0 0 s q u a r e k i l o m e t r e 比 s. 比 T 利 ha 时 t 这 i 个 s 国 bi 家 gg 还 e 要 r 大 th ! an the country of Belgium!Lake Baikal is very cold for most of the 贝加尔湖一年中大部分时间都非常寒冷, ye但a仍r.B有u超t 过o v1e20r0 1种,2不0同0 的d动if物fe能re在nt这 t样y的pe环s 境o中f 生an存im。als can still environment in this survive 如.T今o,da这y个,th湖e泊 l仍ak然e吸 s引ti着ll 许a多ttr好ac奇ts的 m游客an。y c u r i o u s t r a v e ll e毕rs竟.A,f它ter al 是 l,i 一 t 处 is 了 a 不 gr 起 e 的 at 自 n 然 at 奇 ur 观 al ! wonder ! “Its” 是形容词性物主代词,修饰名词 “surface”,表 “(贝加尔湖的)表面”。 “of + 名词” 用于无生命事物的所属关系,结构为 “事物 + of + 所属者”。 地理专有名词中,“湖、山” 等若为 “Lake/Mount + 名称” 结构,一般不用 “the”;若 为 “the + 复数 / 类别名词”(如 the Great Lakes, the Himalayas)则需加 “the”。38alive adj. 活着的〔后置定语〕 live adj. 现场直播〔前置定语〕live v. 生活; lively adj. 充满活力的〔前置定语〕;living adj. 活着的;n. 生活 living adj. 活着的(强调生存 / 生存方式)〔前置定语〕 Read the advertisement.Circle the numbers and underline the adjectives 阅读这则广告。圈出数字,并在用于描述大堡礁的形容词和副词下面划线。 and adverbs used to describe the Great Barrier Reef. Do you love the ocean?Do you want to visit one of the natural wonders of the world?If so,visit the Great Barrier Reef! Located on the northeastern coast of Australia,the Great Barrier Reef is one olofc tahtee vm. o位st于 a;mlaozcaintigo np lna.c e位s置 to; lvoicsaitt.eIdt aidsj .th 位e 于bi…gg 的est coral reef in the world.It be located in/at/on… 坐落于 / 位于某地;the location of… …… 的位置 takes up an area of 345,000 square kilometres and includes over 900 islands and white sand beaches. T你he喜 G欢r大ea海t 吗B?ar r i e r R e e f 你is 想al参so观 世ali界v自e!然If 奇yo观u之 v一is吗it ?it,you will see the largest li如vi果ng想 的str话u,ctu那r就e 去on大 堡ea礁rt吧h.!Here,you can swim, dive,or snorkel in the clear water and see coral,plants,and schools of colourful fish. If you dive 大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北海岸, deeper,you might even see large fish,turtles,and sharks.For people who love 是最值得游览的奇妙之地之一。 它是世界上最大的珊瑚礁, the ocean,visiting the Great Barrier Reef is the dream of a lifetime! 占地 34.5 万平方公里,包含 900 多个岛屿和白色沙滩。 大堡礁也充满生机! 如果您去参观,会看到地球上最大的活体结构 。 在这里,您可以在清澈的水中游泳 副词 “also” 在句中通常位于 “系动 词 / 助动词 / 情态动词之后,实义动 、潜水或浮潜,观赏到珊瑚、植物以及一群群 词之前”,本句中 “is” 是系动词, 色彩斑斓的鱼。 因此 “also” 放在其后方。 如果潜得更深, 您甚至可能看到大型鱼类、 “Here” 是地点副词,作地点状语,说 海龟和鲨鱼。 对于热爱海洋的人来说, 明动作发生的位置,可放句首、句中或 句末,句首时常用逗号隔开。 参观大堡礁是一生的梦想! “might” 是情态动词,表 “可能”,后接动词原形 “see”,遵循 “主情从现” 规则,即条件从句用现在时, 利Q用in这gh些a笔i 记L写ak出e完 青 整 海 的 湖 句子。主句用 “情态动词 + 动词原形” 表可能性。 Read a student's notes on Qinghai Lake.Rewrite them in full sentences. · What: :a salt lake province n. 省;provincial adj. 省的;provincial capital 省会 一、作名词(意为 · “ 结 构W;he建re筑:物”Q)inghai Province,China a province一个省 可数与不可数用法 不可数:表 “结构、 · 构 造 Sp ”( ec 抽 ia 象 l f 概 ac 念 t ) :,如the: ltahreg setsrt u clatukere oinf a China (4,340 km²) cell(细胞的结构)·; sTochiailn stgrus cttour de(o社 : 会p结ho构to)graph wildlife (fish and birds),visit islands,ride a bike orhorse 可数:表 “建筑物;具体结构”,如:a steel structure(一座钢结 是什么:一个盐湖 构建筑);the structure of… …… 的结构 作动词(意为 “组织;安排”) 在哪里:中国青海省 及物动词 特别之处:中国最大的湖泊(4340 平方公里) 短语:structure…into… 把…… 组织 / 安排成某种结构; structure the project into three phases(把项目分为三个阶段) structural adj. 结构的;建筑的 可以做的事:拍摄野生动物(鱼类和鸟类) 、游览岛屿、骑自行车或骑马 1.Qinghai Lake is a salt lake in Qinghai Province, China. 青海湖是中国青海省的一个盐湖。 2.Qinghai Lake is the largest lake in China. 青海湖是中国最大的湖泊。 3.It is 4,340 km² in size在. 尺寸方面;在大小上 它的面积为 4340 平方公 4.I 里 f y 。 ou visit Qinghai Lake,you can photograph wildlife (fish and birds), visit 如果你去青海湖游玩,可以拍摄野生动物(鱼类和 islands, and ride a bike or horse. 鸟类)、游览岛屿,还可以骑自行车或骑马。 Write an advertisement for Qinghai Lake or another natural wonder. 3C 为青海湖或其他自然奇观撰写一则广告。 Describe it and explain why people should visit it.Try to make your 描述该景观并解释人们为何应该前往游览。尽量让你的广告具有说服力。 advertisement as persuasive as possible. The Wonders of Nature 39设计一张关于自然奇观的海报 *Project Design a poster about a natural wonder Workin a group.Choose a natural wonder(a river,lake,mountain,forest, 小组合作。选择一处自然奇观(河流、湖泊、山脉、森林、瀑布等)。然后开展研究并做笔记。 waterfall,etc.).Then do some rAesemaracah oannd Rmaakine gnootrese.st 名称 位置和大小 ● th e w o rl d '动s 植big物g e s t r a in fo r e s t 特别的事实 ●name ● location and siz●e 5 . 5 ● m pilllaionnt ss q aunadre akniliommaelstr e s i n ● ssizpeecial facts ● in Brazil,Peru,Colombia,and five other countries Make a poster about the 制作关于你所选自然奇观的 ● called“the lungs of the earth” 海na报tu。r参al考 w右o侧nd的e示r y例o。u ● the larg亚e马st 逊va雨ri林ety of plants and animals in the chose. Refer to the world example on the right. 世界上最大的雨林 面积 550 万平方公里 以A小s a组 g为r单ou位p,,g向ive全 a班 做re报port 位于巴西、秘鲁、哥伦比亚及另外五个国家 告to。 th注e意 c大la数ss、.P比ay较 a级t和te最ntion 高级的运用。 to the use of large 被称为 “地球之肺 numbers, 拥有世界上种类最丰富的植物和动物 comparatives,and superlatives. 亚马逊雨林是世界上最大的 雨林。 The Amazon Rainforest is 它占地 550 万平方公里。 the world's biggest 你可以在巴西、 rainforest. 秘鲁、哥伦比亚这三个国家 It covers 5.5 million square 看到它的大部分…… kilometres. You can see Reflecting 反思 1.What new facts about natural wonders have you learnt? 关于自然奇观,你学到了哪些新知识? 2.Can you make comparisons when talking about natural wonders? 谈论自然奇观时,你能进行比较吗? 3.Can you use large numbers to give some geography facts? 你能使用大数来介绍地理事实吗? 4.Can you explain how and why people connect with nature? 你能解释人们如何以及为何与自然产生联系吗? 5.What are some achievements that people have made while exploring 人们在探索自然的过程中取得了哪些成就? nature? “location(位置)”“size(大小)”“plants and animals(动植物)” “special facts(特别的事实)”“in size(在尺寸 / 大小方面)” “cover(覆盖,此处指面积覆盖)” 等,用于说明自然奇观的位置、规模、生物和特色 等。 Nature makes us wonder.That is why 自然让我们惊叹。这就是它的美妙之处。 it is wonderful.UNIT 45 第五单元 大自然的脾气 Nature' UNIT s temper Te本m单元语p法:e过r去进行时 词性一:名词(n.)脾气;性情 lose one's temper(发脾气) keep one's temper(忍住脾气;不发火) 例:He often loses his temper with his little sister.(他经常跟妹妹发脾气。) 例:Try to keep your temper when you are angry.(生气时尽量忍住脾气。) 变形形容词:temper → temperate(adj. 温和的;不极端的) 变形形容词:temper → temperamental(adj. 性情多变的;易怒的) 词性二:动词(v.)使缓和;使温和 temper sth with sth(用…… 缓和……) 例:She tempered her criticism with kindness.(她用善意缓和了批评的语气。) disaster 名词(n.)灾难;灾祸 natural disaster(自然灾害) face a disaster(面对灾难) cause/lead to a disaster(引发灾难) 名词(disaster)→ 形容词(disastrous)灾难性的;极糟的 形容词(disastrous)→ 副词(disastrously)灾难性地;糟糕地 初中易混辨析:disaster vs. accident disaster:侧重 “大规模灾难”,伤亡 / 损失大(自然 / 人为均可) 例:A big flood is a disaster, not an accident.(洪水是灾难,不是意外事故。) accident:侧重 “个人层面的意外事故”,规模小、损失轻(如车祸、摔倒) 例:He had a small traffic accident on his way to school.(他上学路上出了点小交通事故。) affect 动词(v.)影响(侧重对人 / 事物的状态、功能产生作用,直接接宾语。) affect sb/sth(影响某人 / 某物) be affected by sth/sb(受…… 影响 / 被…… 打动) 例:Many plants are affected by the cold winter.(很多植物受寒冬影响。) 名词(effect)影响;效果 have an effect on sb/sth(对某人 / 某物有影响) 初中易混辨析:affect (v.) vs effect (n.) —— 必考难点 affect:动词,“影响”,搭配是 “affect + 宾语(sb/sth)”,直接 “作用于” 人 / 物; 例:The noise affects my study.(噪音影响我学习。) effect:名词,“影响”,搭配是 “have an effect (on + 宾语(sb/sth))”,需先加 “have an”, 再接 “on”; How do natural 例B:ThIe Gnoise has an effect on my study.(噪音对我学习有影响。) disasters affect our Qu9stlon lives? 自然灾害如何影响我们的生活? in this unit,you will look and share 在本单元中,你将 看一看并分享 1.talk ahout diflerent natural disasters and their impacts. 1.What natural disaster is happenning 谈论不同的自然灾害及其影响 2.describe things that people do before,during,ang 照 i 片 n 中 th 正 e p 在 ho 发 to 生 ? 什么自然灾害? 描述在自然灾害前、中、后人们所做的事 after anatural dissler. 2.When and where is it likely to 它可能发生在何时何地? happen?3.talk about acontinuous action at a particular timIn the past. 谈论过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作。 这张照片让你感觉如何? 6 learn how to prepare for bad weather or natural disasters. 学习如何为恶劣天气或自然灾害做准备。 Tempcl自然灾害发生时会发生什么? What happens during a natural disaster? storm n. 暴风雨in a storm 在暴风雨中be caught in a storm 遭遇暴风雨 wild adj. 野生的、疯狂的; wildness n. 野性; natural n. 洪水; in the wild 在野外 be wild about sth/sb 对…… 极为狂热 将自然灾害与图片匹配。 be wild to do sth 渴望做某事 Match the natural disasters with the pictures. flooding n. 泛滥(不可数) heavy flood 洪水; Bearthquake 地 震 F typ台h风oon 野 火 in flood 泛滥;涨 Awildfire 水long/serious drought 长 期 / 严重的干旱 Csnowstorm 暴 风 雪 E f洪lo水od 干 旱 natural flood 自然洪水 D drought 过去进行时 1.核心定义:表示 “过去某个特定时间点(或时间段内),正在进行或发生的动作”,强调 “动作的‘进行中’状态”(而非 “动作完成与否”)。 2.核心结构基本结构:主语 + was/were + 动词的现在分词(V-ing)。 人称搭配规则(初中高频易错,记牢 “单唯 was,复全 were”): 主语为 “第一、三人称单数(I/she/he/ 人名)”:用 was; 主语为 “第二人称(you)/ 第三人称复数(they / 复数名词)”:用 were; 否定句:在 was/were 后加 not,常可缩写为 wasn't/weren't; 一般疑问句:将 was/were 提前至句首,主语紧随其后; 3.高频标志词:常以以下词 / 短语,优先考虑用过去进行时,分两类记忆: 明确的 “过去时间点”(某一时刻):at 8 o'clock last night(昨天 8 点) at this time yesterday(昨天这个时候);just now(刚才,特指 “刚才 这个时候”,而非 “刚才整体”); 明确的 “过去时间段”(某段时间内持续进行):from 6 to 8 last Sunday morning(上周日早上 6 点到 8 点) during the summer holidays last year(去年暑假期间) 从句引导词(常与一般过去时连用,重点场景):when(当…… 时,引导 “短暂动作” 的从句) while(当…… 时,引导 “持续动作” 的 从句) 4.初中核心用法(3 类,按考频排序) 用法 1:描述 “过去某一具体时间点” 正在做的动作(最高频) 用短语 “时间点标志词 + 瞬时动作” 的 “进行状态”。 例:My mom was cooking dinner at 6:30 yesterday evening.(昨晚 6 点半,我妈妈正在做晚饭。) 用法 2:描述 “持续动作”,用 while 连接(while 为核心用法) 两个动作为 “过去两个动作同时进行”,两个动作都用过去进行时(结构:while + 主语 + was/were doing, 主语 + was/were doing。 例:While my father was reading newspapers, my brother was playing the piano.(我爸爸在看报纸时,我弟弟正在弹钢琴。) 用法 3:描述 “过去一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行”(when 为核心用法) 用短语 “when + 主语 + 动词过去式(短暂动作),主语 + was/were doing(持续动作)”(when 动作 “刚过去进行时;when + 主语 + 过去式(短暂动 作),主语 + was/were doing(持续动作)”。 例:When the rain started, we were walking to school.(下雨的时候,我们正在步行去学校。) “下雨(started)” 是短暂动作,“步行(were walking)” 是持续动作。 Listen to three conversations.What natural disasters did the people face? 听对话,人们遭遇了哪些自然灾害? 1. flood 2. earthquake 3. snowstorm prepare v. 准备;preparation n. 准备;prepared adj. 有准备的prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 be prepared for 为…… 做好准备make preparations for 为…… 做准备 Listen again.Circle what each person was doing when the natural 再听一遍。圈出每个人在自然灾害发生时正在做的事。 disaster happened. 对比示例: I watched TV last night.(我昨晚看 1.Xinyi was warning a neighbour/having dinner. 了电视。)—— 一般过去时,只说 欣怡正在提醒邻居 / 吃晚饭 “看了”,不强调 “何时正在看”; 2.Kate was doing homework /calling her mother. I was watching TV at 8 last night. 凯特正在做作业 / 给妈妈打电话 3.Jiaming was doing chores /preparing lunch. (我昨晚 8 点正在看电视。)—— 过 佳明正在做家务 / 准备午餐 去进行时,明确 “8 点那一刻正在 4.Liu Yun was staying in a hotel /taking a train. 看”,强调 “过程”。 刘云正在住酒店 / 乘火车 Ask and answer questions about the people in the conversations. 询问并回答关于对话中人物的问题。 A:What was Xinyi doing at the time of.... 欣怡在…… 的时候正在做什么? B:She was.. 动词现在分词(V-ing)拼写错误要记牢基础规则(初中必写): 她正在... ●一般动词直接加 ing:work→working, play→playing; ●以不发音的 “e” 结尾,去 e 再加 ing:write→writing, dance→dancing; ●以 “重读闭音节,结尾是‘辅音元辅’结构,且末尾只有一个辅音字母”,双写 末尾辅音加 ing:run→running, stop→stopping. 易错点:与 “一般过去时” 混淆(核心区分) ●核心差异:“过去进行时” 表 “过去正在做(强调过程)”,一般过去时表动词现在分词(V-ing)拼写错误要记牢基础规则(初中必写): ●一般动词直接加 ing:work→working, play→playing; ●以不发音的 “e” 结尾,去 e 再加 ing:write→writing, dance→dancing; ●以 “重读闭音节,结尾是‘辅音元辅’结构,且末尾只有一个辅音字母”,双写 末尾辅音加 ing:run→running, stop→stopping. 易错点:与 “一般过去时” 混淆(核心区分) ●核心差异:“过去进行时” 表 “过去正在做(强调过程)”,一般过去时表 What happens during a natural disaster? Match the natural disasters with the pictures. 42 UNIT 5( T )1.There are very strong winds and Read the statements about typhoons.Write T for true or Ffor false. 阅h读ea关vy于 台ra风in的 d陈ur述in,g 正a确 ty的p写ho To,n.错误的写 F。 ( T )2.Sometimes there are tall waves and the areas near the coast get flooded. ( T )3.In the eye of atyphoon,the weather can be very calm. 台风期间有很强的风和大雨。 ( F )4.Typhoons cause tsunamis to happen in some places. 有时会有巨浪,沿海地区会被淹没。 possible adj. 可能的;impossible adj. 不可能的 在台风眼,天气可能非常平静。 possibility n. 可能性(im) possibly adv. 不可能 地 / 可能地 as... as possible 尽可能的... 台风在一些地方引发海啸。 It's (im) possible for sb. to do sth. 对某人而 言做某事是(不)可能的。 interview n. 采访、面试;v. 采访interviewer n. 面试官;采访者interviewee n. 被面试者;被采访者give an interview 接受采访interview sb. 采访 / 面试某人 Listen to the interviews and the weather report.Answer the questions. 听这个采访。 1.When did the interviews take place? 采访是什么时候进行的? 2.Where did the interviews possibly take place? 采访是在哪里进行的? 3.Who are the speakers in the interviews and the weather report? 采访和天气预报中的说话者是谁? 4.What are the topics of the interviews and the weather report? 采访和天气预报的主题是什么? when 引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句常用过去进行时 (体现 “一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行” 的逻辑)。 Listen again and complete the sentences. 再听一遍并完成句子。 Interview 1 1.When the typhoon hit,the boy's family were having dinner at home. 当台风袭来时,男孩一家正在家里吃晚饭。 2.After the typhoon,they helped to clean up the neighbourhood. 台风过后,他们帮忙清理了街区。 Interview 2 after 引导的时间状语从句用过去时(were cleaned up),“祖父母下棋” 是 “持续一段时间” 的动 作,“她打电话” 是 “瞬间完成的动作”,体现 “动作正在进行” 的状态;从句用一般过去时(called)。 3.The girl's grandparents were playing chess at home when she called. 女孩打电话时,她的祖父母正在家里下象棋。 Interview 3 4.The man's children were crying at the time of the typhoon. 台风期间,这个男人的孩子们正在哭。 5.A window in the man's house broke,and the roof nearly came off. 这个男人家里的窗户破了,屋顶差点脱落。 nearly几乎、差点,程度副词,修饰实义 动词,需放在实义动词之前,修饰be动词 Weather report 记者建议人们小心,关注天气预报,并待在室内。(如is,was)放be动词之后. 6.The reporter advised people to be careful,pay attention to the weather reports,and stay inside. “at the time of” 的搭配:后接 “名词 / 名词短语”,不可直_ 接接句子;若需接句子,要替换为 “when” 或 “at the time when”(如 “at the time of the typhoon” = “when the typhoon hit” = “at the time when the typhoon hit”) Role-play a conversation between the reporter and another person who 模拟一段记者和另一位台风亲历者之间的对话。 experienced the typhoon. troublesome adj. 麻烦的;trouble n./v. 麻烦 A:Excuse me.Did you have any trouble during the typhoon? 打扰一下,台风期间你遇到麻烦了吗? B:Yes,it was awful.I…./No,not really.When the typhoon hit, … 是的,太糟糕了。/ 不,不太有。当台风袭来时,…… have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难be in trouble 处于困境中;遇到麻烦 be awful at sth. /be awful at doing sth. 不擅长(做)某事 be trouble to do sth. 做某事麻烦be troubled by sth. 被某事困扰 Nature's Temper 43 be awful for sth. /be awful for sb. 对…… 有害 / 对…… 来说很糟糕relation n. 关系、亲戚 related n. 相关的 亲戚的 relative adj. 相对的 relate v. 与… 有关 relate to 涉及;与…… 有关 be related to 与…… 有 关 Read the conversation.Whose family was better prepared for the typhoon? 阅读对话,谁家为台风准备得更充分? Haitao:Hi,Lisa.Did your family have any trouble during the typhoon? 涛:嗨,莉萨。你们家在台风期间遇到麻烦了吗? Lisa: Yes,it was awful. 莉萨:是的,情况糟透 Haita了o:。I’m sorry to hear that.Did you know that a typhoon was coming? 海涛:听到这个我很难过。你们知道台风要来了吗? Lisa: No,we didn't know about it.We were driving home from our 莉萨:不,我们不知道。我们正从亲戚家开车回家,这时狂风开始刮起来了。 relatives'house when the strong winds started. “during” 是介词,含义 “在…… 期 间”,后接名词 / 名词短语,表示动作 Haitao:Oh no!It's dangerous to travel during a typhoon. 海涛:哦,不!在台风期间出行是危险的。 发生的时间范围(“在台风期间”)。 Lisa: I know.It was raining hard while we were driving back.We almost 莉萨:我知道。我们往回开的时候雨下得很大,一辆卡车差点撞到我们, got into an accident when a truck nearly hit us. 我们差点出车祸。 Haitao:Oh dear,I’m glad you were safe! while 作连词,表 “当…… 海涛:哦,天哪,真高兴你们安全了! 的时候,两个动作同时进 Lisa: Yes,but when we got home later,we found 行”,强调 “下雨” 和 莉萨:是的,但当我们到家时,房子看起来糟透了 “开车回来” 这两个动作在 water everywhere.The house looked awful! !到处都是水。房子后来看起来糟透了! 过去某一时间段内同步持续发 Was yours OK? 生时态规则(必记):因主从 cover sth. With sth.用某物覆盖某物 句动作均为 “持续进行的动 Haitao:Yes.Luckily,we covered our windows and 是的。幸运的是,台风开始前我们把窗户遮起 作”,所以主从句都用过去进 moved our things off the floor before the 行时 来了,还把东西从地板上移开了。我们也储存 typhoon started.We stored food and water 了食物和水。 too. Lisa: That's good!We'll do that next time. 那很好!下次我们也会这么做。 Read again.Who experienced or did these things?Tick the correct boxes. 再读一遍,谁经历了这些事?在正确的方框里打勾。 Experience Lisa Haitao 1.almost got into an accident while they were driving home √ 开车回家时差点出车祸 2.moved things off the floor before the typhoon √ 台风前把东西从地板上移开 3.went home and found water everywhere √ 回家发现到处是水 4.stored emergency supplies at home before the typhoon √ 台风前在家中储存了应急物资 5.stayed inside during the typhoon √ 台风期间待在室内 emergency: 作名词表 “紧急事件”,作形容词仅作定语(修饰 supply n. 物资 v. 提供 “与紧急事件相关的事物”,如 emergency supplies/exits) supply sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物 Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it. 听这段对话,然后进行角色扮演。 supply sb. with sth. 把某物提供给某人 Imagine that Lisa or Haitao is your friend.Roleem-eprlgaeync ay cno. n紧ve急r情sa况ti oenm ergent adj. 紧急的 想象一下莉萨 / 海涛是你的朋友。进行一段关于 in an emergency 在紧急情况下 about your friend's experience with the typhoon. 你朋友台风经历的角色扮演对话。 A:Hi Lisa/Haitao.I heard about the typhoon yesterday.Are you OK? 嗨,莉萨 / 海涛。我昨天听说了台风的事。你还好吗? B:Yes,I…/Not really.I... 是的,我…… / 不太好。我…… A:What were you doing when the typhoon hit? 台风来袭时你在做什么? B:I was ... 我正在…… A:Did your family make any preparations before the typhoon landed? 你们家在台风登陆前做了什么准备吗?urgent: 仅作形容词,可作定语(如 urgent work 紧急 B:Yes,we.../No,we 工作),也可作表语(如 The work is urgent. 这项工 是的,我们.../不是,我们... 作很紧急),侧重 “事情需要马上做”,而非 “突发 的事件本身”。 44 UNIT 5Grammar Focus Read the sentences.Underline the verbs which show an ongoing action in 读句子,在表示过去正在进行的动作的动词下画线。 the past. What were you doing while it 雪下得很大的时候你在做什么? I was travelling on the train then. was snowing heavily? 那时我正在火车上旅行。 What were your family doing when the My children andl were reading t 当 yp 台 h 风 o 袭 o 来 n 时 h 你 it 的 ? 家人在做什么? 我和我的孩子们正在一起读书。 When my neighbour called,my family were having dinner. We 当我的邻居打电话时,我的家人正在吃晚饭。 were driving home when the strong winds started. 我们正在开车回家时,强风开始了。 While we were driving home,the strong winds started. It was 我们正在开车回家时,强风开始了。 raining hard while we were driving back. 我们往回开的时候雨下得很大。 powerful adj. 力量大的、有影响力的、效果强的 power n. 力量be powerful enough to do sth. 足够强大去做某事 Combine each pair of sentences using when or while. 读句子,在表示过去正在进行的动作的动词下画线。 1.I did my homework.The typhoon landed on the coast. 台风在海岸登陆时,我正在做家庭作业。 2.The power went out.My father and I made dinner. 凯特正在写一封信时,她的哥哥打电话来警告她有暴风雨。 3.Kate wrote a letter.Her brother called to warn her of the storm. 我睡得很香。外面下着倾盆大雨。 4.My parents packed the supplies.I moved our things off the floor. 我父母打包了物资。我把我们的东西从地板上移开了。 5.I slept soundly.It rained cats and dogs. 我睡得很香。雨下得倾盆。 thickness n. 厚度 thick adj. 厚的the thickness of sth 某物的厚度 / 浓度 4c Complete the passage with was,were,when,or while. 用 was、were、when 或 while 完成这段文字。 When Jenny looked up,thick black 当珍妮抬头看时,天空中正在形成厚厚的乌云, clouds were forming in the sky,and the 雨水拍打着他们的屋顶。 rain was beating against their roof. "Quick,this way,"said Dad. “快,这边走,” 爸爸说。 Th一e 家fa人m立ily刻 r跑an到 t了o 安th全e 屋sa。fe room at once. w在h他il们e t等he待y的 w时e候re, waiting, Safe Je珍n妮ny的's小 li妹tt妹le 开s始ist哭er了 s起ta来rte。d爸 to爸 c给ry了.Dad gave adj. 安全的;无危险的;平安的;未受伤害 h她er一 s些om巧e克 c力h,oc并ol告at诉e 她an,d他 to们ld her that they n. 保险箱;保险柜 正在躲避一只愤怒的狮子。 很快,她又笑了起来。 w ere hiding from an angry lion.Soon,she was laughing again. 最后,暴风雨过去了。 当他们走到外面时,发现阳光灿烂。 At last,the storm passed. When they stepped outside,they found the 人们互相询问是否安全, sun shining.People were asking one another if they were safe while some 同时一些人开始清理街道。珍妮笑了。龙卷风很可怕, were starting to clear the streets.Jenny smiled.The tornado was 但它也让大家的关系更亲密了。 scary,but it also brought everyone closer together. one another 表示 “彼此;互相”,用于三者或三者以上之间的相互关系。 Imagine that you are a reporter.Interview a member of Jenny's family and 想象你是一名记者。采访珍妮家的一位成员,了解他或她在龙卷风发生前后在做什么。 find out what he or she was doing around the time of the tornado. A:What were you doing when the tornado hit? 龙卷风来袭时你在做什么? B:My family and I were hiding in a safe room. 我和家人正躲在安全屋里。 A:What were you doing while you were waiting there? 在那里等待的时候你在做什么? B:Oh,while I... 哦,我在…… Nature's Temper 45What can we do to prepare for the 我们能做些什么来为最坏的情况做准备? worst? worst表范围标志词:常见的表示比较范围的词 / 短语有 in…(在…里,表三者范围)、 of…(在…中,表同类事物范围)、among…(在…之间,表三者及以上)等。 1a What is the worst natural disaster you know of?Discuss it with a partner. 你所知道的最严重的自然灾害是什么?和同伴讨论一下。 Read the first paragraph of the text.What do you think happened to Tilly 阅读文章的第一段,你认为蒂莉・史密斯和她的家人接下来发生了什么? Smith and her family next?Then read the rest ofthe text to check 然后阅读文章的其余部分来检查你的答案。 your answer. save v. 节约的、挽救 save n. 节约、存款 safe adj. 安全的save sb. from sth. 从…… 中拯救某人 save one's life 拯救 / 失去某人的生命save money 存钱 lose one's life 拯救 / 失去某人的生命 How One Girl Saved Many Lives 一个女孩如何拯救了许多生命 On 26 December 2004,Tilly Smith,a 10-year-old English schoolgirl,and 2004 年 12 月 26 日,10 岁的英国女学生蒂莉・史密斯和 her family were on holiday in Phuket,Thailand.Everyone was enjoying the 她的家人在泰国普吉岛度假。 那天早上,所有人都在享受美好的天气。 beautiful weather that morning.Some people were swimming in the sea, 一些人在海里游泳, and some were relaxing on the beach.But while Tilly was walking along the 一些人在海滩上放松。但当蒂莉和家人沿着海滩散步时, beach with her family,s她h注e 意no到ti了ce一d些 s奇om怪e的th现in象g。 s tr a n g e . T海h浪ic顶k 部w形hi成te了 froth was formin厚g 厚o的n 白to色p泡 o沫f 。th接e 着w,av她es看.N到e海x浪t,s是he往 海sa里w涌 t来ha,t 而th不e 是w退av出e去s 。were coming in instead of going out. strangely adv. 奇怪地、陌生地 strange adj. 奇怪的;陌生的 instead of 介词短语,后接动名词 stranger n. 陌生人 Just then,she remembered something important.Two weeks before,her 就在这时,她想起了一件重要的事。 两周前, geography teacher had explained that earthquakes under the sea could create 她的地理老师解释过, 海底地震可能会为海啸掀起海浪! dangerous waves called tsunamis! continue v. 继续 continuous adj. 连续的continue to do sth. 继续做另一件事continue doing sth. 继续做同一件事 "I know what's going to happen!There's going to be a big wave,"Tilly cried. “我知道将要发生什么了! 将会有一个巨大的海浪,” 蒂莉喊道。 Unfortunately,her family didn't believe her and wanted to continue their “那可能是海啸,不幸的是,她的家人不相信她,还想继续散步。 walk.However,Tilly refused to take a single step further.Finally,her mother 然而,蒂莉拒绝再往前走一步。最后, 她的母亲 decided to continue the walk alone,and the rest of her family returned to the 意识到蒂莉是认真的,她非常害怕。于是母亲决定独自继续散步,而家里的其他人则回到了 h酒ot店el。. refusal n. 拒绝 refuse v./n. 拒绝 secure adj. 安全的 v. 保护 security /sɪˈkjʊərəti/n. refuse to do sth i 拒 n 绝 se 做 cu 某 ri 事 ty 安全, 安全secure…from/against… 保护…… 免受…… Back at the hotel,Tilly's father told a security guard about the tsunami.The 回到酒店后,蒂莉的父亲把海啸的事告诉了一名保安。 national security 国家安全 security guard was shocked.He knew about the huge earthquake in nearby 保安很震惊。 他知道附近印度尼西亚发生了大地震。 Indonesia.It meant that a tsunami was possible!He jumped into action 这意味着海啸是有可能发生的! 他立即行动起来, right away and rushed to get people off the beach.Everyone began to panic. 冲过去让人们离开海滩。每个人都开始恐慌。 当人们 People w看e到re一 s堵cr巨ea大m的in水g 墙a从nd海 r里u涌nn来in时g ,a s f a s t a s 他th们ey尖 c叫o着ul,d when they saw a huge wal尽l o可f能 w快at地er跑 c开om。ing from the sea. as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as + 主语 + can/could,表 “某人尽可能……” single out 挑选出a single one 唯一一个;哪怕一个in single file 成单列;排成一队What can we do to prepare for the worst? 1a What is the worst natural disaster you know of?Discuss it with a partner. 1. 主句时态:一般过去时(如 said、told、knew 等表示过去的动作或状态的时态) 2. 从句时态:原本的各种时态(如一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时等) 3. 时态后退后: 一般现在时 → 一般过去时(如:He says “I am happy.” → He said he was happy.) 现在进行时 → 过去进行时(如:She says “I am reading.” → She said she was reading.) 一般将来时 → 过去将来时(如:They say “We will go.” → They said they would go.) 现在完成时 → 过去完成时(如:He says “I have finished.” → He said he had finished.) 不过要注意,若从句表达的是客观真理、自然现象等,时态无需后退,仍用一般现在时, 例如:The teacher said the earth goes around the sun.(老师说地球绕着太阳转。)be thankful to sb 对某人心存感激thanks (a lot) for (doing) sth. (非常)感谢(做)某事 be thankful for sth 因某事 / 某物感激thanks for sb.'s help 感谢某人的帮助 be thankful to do sth 庆幸能做某事;感激能做某事 was right!Her mother was one of the last people on the 蒂莉是对的! 她的妈妈是海滩上最后剩下的人之一, 但幸运的是,就在海水淹没酒店的时候,她的家人成功到达了安全地带。2004 年 Tilly 的海啸导致那天海滩上的死亡人数超过了 20 万。 beach,but thankfully,hedera ftah m作il y“ m死a亡d人e 数it” to 讲 s时af是et可y 数ju名st词 a,s 复th数e 形w式at为er dheiatt htshe 这个真实的故事表明,一堂课就能意味着生死之别。 hotel.The 2004 tsunami caused over 200,000 deaths,but no one on the beach 多亏了她的知识和快速思考,一个女学 died that day. 得以拯救了 100 多条生命。thanks for: 核心表“因…而感谢”,侧重“感谢的具体原因” This true story shows howm oar es itnhganle= ovleerstshoannk sc otou:l d核 m心e表a n“ t多he亏 d/i f幸fe亏re…nc…e” ,侧 重 “借助某人 / 某物,才达成某结果” 1c Read the text again life 作 “生命” 讲时是可数名词,复数形式为 lives 再读一遍课文,完 and complete the 成时间线。 Understanding the order of events timeline. 理解事件的顺序 Identifying the beginning,middle,and end of a story can 明确一个故事的开头、中间和结尾能帮助你更好地理解 help you understand the story better.Look out for 故事。留意那些告诉你事情何时发生的单词和短语,比 words and phrases that tell you when something 如 next(然后)、then(然后)、finally(最后)、 hawphpeen(ns当,su…c…h a时s ) ne、xwt,hthileen(,fin当a…lly…,w h时en),w和h iletw,aon dwe etwkso webeekfsor eb(efo两re周. 前)。 Beginning Tilly's family Tilly noticed strange Tilly warned Tilly's waves (white froth went back her family, but family went forming on top of the to the waves and waves they didn't all to the coming in instead of remembered believe her hotel, except beach in going out). hfoerr mother. learning about Tilly tsunamis in End class. People were Tilly's father The tsunami screaming and told the hit,but running as the The security security guard everyone tsunami hit. guard about the was safe. tsunami. warned Read again.Circle T for true or Ffor false.Then correct the false statements. 再读一遍。正确的圈 T,错误的圈 F。然后改正错误的表述。 1.Tilly found that the waves were moving away from the beach. T F 蒂莉发现海浪正从海滩退去。 2.Tilly remembered what she read about in her geography book. T F 蒂莉告诉家人有巨浪时,她的父亲立刻就相信了她。 3.Tilly's father believed her as soon as she told her family about 再读一遍课文,完成时间线。 the strong waves. T F 4.The security guard learnt about the tsunami from Tilly's father. T F 保安是从蒂莉的父亲那里得知海啸消息的 5.Tilly's mother did not reach the hotel before the tsunami did. T F 蒂莉的妈妈没能在海啸到达之前赶到酒店。 1.Yes, Tilly was a hero. She used her school knowledge to identify tsunami warning signs and acted quickly to warn others. Her actions saved over 100 lives, showing Discuss the questions. 讨论这些问题。 courage and responsibility. 1.Do you think Tilly Smith was a hero?Why? 你认为蒂莉・史密斯是英雄吗?为什么? 2.From Tilly's experience,what do you think people need to know to 从蒂莉的经历来看,你认为人们需要知道什么才能在自然灾害中生存? survive a natural disaster? 3.What did you learn at school that might help to save your life one day? 你在学校学到了什么可能有一天能救你一命的知识? 2.People need to learn about disaster warning signs (e.g., strange wave patterns for tsunamis), remember safety lessons from school, and know emergency procedures like evacuation routes. 3.I learned first-aid techniques, fire evacuation procedures, and earthquake safety rules (like hiding under a desk). These skills could be vital in life-threatening situations.Nature's TemperVocabulary in Use 一些表示自然灾害的词汇会与特定的动词搭配使用。请用这些搭配来造句。 2a Some words for natural disasters go together with certain verbs.Use these collocations to make sentences. earthquake: 地 hit /rocked/h震a:ppened/took place hit Japan yesterday. 袭击 / 使震动 / 发生 / 发生 typhoon: An earthquake rocked the city, making many people panic. 台 An earthquake hit/lande风d/:blew across A typhoon landed at9oclock last night. 袭击 / 登陆 / 横扫而过 A typhoon hit Fujian Province last week tsunami: 海 hit/came/swept through 啸: The tsunami swept through the village. 袭击 / 来临 / 席卷而过 rescuer n. 营救者 rescue n./v. 营救 /resAc utseu nsabm fi rcoamm es stuhd.d/esnbl y从, su某rp物ris i/n g某 ev人er手yo中ne.营救某人 carry out rescue 开展营救;实施救援 Look at the compound words in the box.Do you know what they 看看方框里的复合词。你知道它们是什么意思吗?用其中五个词完成句子。 mean? Complete the sentences using five of these words. 滑坡 暴风雪 地震 保护措施 landslide snowstorm earthquake safeguard 洪水 人力 野火 心跳 floodwater manpower wildfire heartbeat 1.The rescue workers need more manpower to clear the streets. 救援人员需要更多人力来清理街道。 2.The city built walls along the coast to safeguard the buildings near it. 这座城市沿着海岸修建了城墙,以保护附近的建筑物。 3.The doctor listened to the man's heartbeat carefully. 医生仔细地听着这个男人的心跳。 4.During the storm,the floodwater nearly reached our windows. 暴风雨期间,洪水几乎涨到了我们的窗户边。 5.People should avoid driving during a snowstorm because it can be 人们应该避免在下暴风雪时开车,因为在道路上很难看清东 very difficult to see clearly on the roads. avoid doing sth 避免做某事 avoid from 从…… 中避开 the avoidance of sth 避免…… avoidance n. 避免 & avoidable adj. 可避免的 avoid v. 避免 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box。since 后接过去时间 用方框中单词的正确形式完成短文。 点,常与完成时搭 拒绝 干旱 警告 袭击 安全的 野火 配,但此处因整体时 refuse drought warn hit safe wildfire 态为一般过去时,且 the worst 整体表状 态, 故用一般过 In August 2022,China experienced a great heatwave,the worst since 1961. 2022 年 8 月, 中国遭遇了最严重的热浪。 这是自 1961 年去时语境下的补充说 It caused drough t in different parts of the country.The heatwave 明,语义不冲突。 以来全球最严重的一次。 它在该国 h i t the southwestern city of Chongqing very hard.Large wildfire swept 不同地区引发了干旱。 热浪对西南城市重庆的冲击非常严重。 through the forests and mountains there.Over 5,000 firefighters, 大规模的野火席卷了那里的森林和山区。5000 多名消防员、 police,and volunteers all worked together to keep the people and their homes 警察和志愿者齐心协力保护民众及其家园的安全。 sa他fe们.T扑h灭ey了 p大u火t ,ou t t h e f i r e s ,b 将ro u1g50h0t 多m人ore than 1,500 people to an转d移 w 到 ar 安 n e 全 d 地 o带th警er告s 其to他 s人ta远y 离aw危a险y 区fr域om。 d a n g e r o u s a r e a s . I t w 由as于 v高er温y hard to 和多变的风力,灭火工作异常艰难, fight the fires because of the high temperatures and changeable winds, 但救援人员拒绝放弃。 到 8 月底, but the rescue workers refuse to give up.By the end of August,they 他们成功扑灭了所有大火。 warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事 引导词 because of: 是介词短语引导词,后接 “名词 / 名词短语”(不可接完整句子) By the end of 某个时间点前已完成,核心含义是 “截至…… 末(为止)”,强调 “动作在某个 固定时间之前已完成”,区别于 “at the end of(在…… 末,仅表 “时间点”,不强调 “动作 完成”)”alarm n. 闹钟、使惊恐 alarmed adj. 惊恐的 review sth for sth 为…… 而复习某物 Last Friday started terribly.First,my alarm clock didn’t go off,so I woke up late and alarming adj. 令人惊恐的in alarm 惊恐地 review sth with sb 和某人一起复习某物 had to rush to the bus stop. be alarmed at/about 对…… 感到惊恐 / 担忧 review the order they happened 复习它们发生的 I had a test that morning,so I was reviewi顺ng序 my notes while I was waiting for my b R us e . a A d ll aobfo au ts Mudad eLni',st hduanyd.Leirs tr othllee dev aencrtso sosf tthhee dsakyy .i nT thheen oirtd esrt atrhteeyd htoap ppoenuerd.T, he 阅读马丽一天的经历。按事情发生的顺序列出当天的事件。 win te d r r w ib a l s y t a o d o v. s t非ro常ng; 糟fo糕r 地m et etror iubslee madyj. u糟m糕br的ell;a!可怕的 terribly sorry 非常抱歉 Byt etrhreo rt inm. e恐 t惧he tberursi fcy avm. e使,I恐 w惧as cold and wet.I was still worrying about the test 上周五一开始就很糟糕。首先,我的闹钟没响,所以我醒得很晚, when the bus driver said that we would be late. 不得不向公交车站冲去。 review 和 revise 的区别:两者都有 There was a landslide along our usual road. “复习” 义,但 revise 更侧重 “快速 Wh 那 en 天 早 I 上 f 我 ina 有 ll 一 y 场 re 考 a 试 ch , ed m y 所 c 以 las 我 sr 在 oom,out of b为re考ath试,m而y复 习te”ac,herre v wieaws 则 a更lre侧ad重y w “ a 重 iting at t等h公e d交o车o的r.M时候an复y习 o笔th记er。s were also late because温 o、f 温th习e ”ra;in作st o“rm修.改A”s a讲 r时es,ulrt,esvhies e said 强调 “仔细调整、修正”,review 侧重 we突 w然e,re天n't空 h中av雷in声g大 a作 ,test after all!What luck on my unlucky day! “检查后提出修改意见”。 然后天开始倾盆大雨。 风太大了, 我没法用伞! too…to… 意为“太……而不能……”, 属于“简单句 + 不定式”的结构,用来 表示“因程度过高而无法做某事”。 然后公交车来了, 那时我已经又冷 又湿了。 我还在担心考试, 我们的公交车司机说 路上发生了山体滑坡。 当我终于气喘吁吁地到达教室时, 我的老师已经 在门口等着了。 许多其他人也因为暴雨迟到了。 结果, 她说 “我们终究不用考试了”。 我真倒霉! out of breath”是介词短语,本句中做伴随状语,插入“从句”与“主句”之间(前后用 逗号隔开),不影响句子主干,仅补充说明 “我到达教室时的状态 —— 气喘吁吁” 6. The bus driver said they would be late because there was a 1. Ma Liwoke uplate . landsl7id.Seh.e finally reached her classroom out of breath. Her 2. She ran to the bus stop. teacher was 5. B y th e tim e th e bu s came , sh e wa s col d already waiting at the door. Many others were 3 an . d S wheet .was reviewing her notes while waalsitoin g for the bus. 4. Thunder rolled across the sky, then it started to pour. Thel awtei nbde wcaauss teo oo sf trtohneg rfaoirn shteorr mto. uAses hae r result, Rumebaredll aa.gain.Underline the words and phrases that indicate the times of 再读一遍。划出表示事件发生时间或把事件连接起来的单词和短语。 the events or connect them together. 表示时间 / 连接的单词短语:First, while, all of a sudden, then, By the time, when, Finally, because of, As a result Imagine you had a bad day because of bad weather.Discuss the events of 3C 想象一下,因为糟糕的天气,你度过了糟糕的一天。和同伴讨论一下你这一天发生的事 your day with a partner.The words in the box may help you. 情。方框里的单词可能会对你有帮助。 stormy freezing caused heavy traffic had to walk slowly heavy snow rainy too dark to see caught a cold 1.What kind of bad weather was it?How would you describe it? 2.What were you doing when the bad weather started? 是什么样的恶劣天气?你会怎么描述它? 坏天气开始的时候,你在干什么或有什么感受? 3.What did you see,hear,do,or feel during the bad weather? 在恶劣天气期间,你看到、听到、做了什么或有什么感受? 4.What happened or went wrong because of the bad weather? 因为坏天气,发生了什么或出了什么问题? Write a story about your day.Use 3a as an example. 写一个关于你一天的故事。以 3a 为例。 Last Friday,Ihad a really bad day. While I was having breakfast with 上周五, 我度过了非常糟糕的一天。我和妹妹吃早餐的时候, myyounger sister,the sky was growing darker and darker.I heard thunder and 天空变得越来越暗。我听到了雷声。 saw lightning. When lleft the house,. … 1.天气类型与描述:It was a stormy day with heavy rain and strong winds. The rain poured down continuously, and the wind blew so hard that it almost knocked me over. 2.坏天气开始时的动作:I was walking to the subway station when the bad weather started. 3.天气中的见闻感受:I heard loud thunder crashing in the sky and saw lightning flashing every few seconds. The rain was so heavy that my clothes were soaked in minutes. I had to hold my bag over my head to try to stayN darytu. re's Temper 49 4.因天气引发的状况:The heavy rain caused heavy traffic. The subway was delayed, and when I finally got to the office, the meeting had already ended. I also caught a cold because I was wet and cold for too long.创作一个接龙故事 Make a chain story 共Project 之 Work in a group to make a chain story about a wildfire or a snowstorm. 小组合作,创作一个关于野火或暴风雪的接龙故事。阅读这两个故事的开头。 Read the introductions ofthe two stories. During the hot and dry summer last year,my family experienced the first natural disaster of our lives.We were hiking in the mountains when lightning flashed across the 去年炎热干燥的夏天, 我家 sky.The sky got darker and darker.And then we realized 经历了人生中第一次自然灾害。 我们 that we weren't looking at clouds.It was smoke!There was 正在山里徒步, 突然天空划过一道闪电。 a wildfire! 天空变得越来越暗。然后我们意识到, wildfir 我们看到的不是云。那是烟雾! 发生野火了! e Last winter,my family had a terrifying experience.It started one evening while we were enjoying a quiet night at home.My parents were watching TV while my brother was 去年冬天,我家有一次可怕的经历。 doing his homework.I,on the other hand,was glued to my 故事始于一个晚上,当时我们正在家里享受宁静的夜晚。 bedroom window.Thick snow was falling and the wortd 我父母在看电视, 而我哥哥在做作业, outside was growing whiter and whiter. 另一方面,我正盯着 snowstorm 卧室的窗户。 雪下得很大, 外面的世界变得越来越白。 选择一个开头并继续创作故事。轮流添加一到两个句子。你可以用下面的例子来帮助你。 Choose one introduction and continue the story.Take turns to add one or two sentences.You can use the example below to help you. A:“Look!”my brother shouted.“I can see the fire over there!” “看!” 我弟弟大喊。“我能看到那边的 B:I had my phone out.It was time to take photos! 火!” 我拿出手机。是时候拍照了! C:My dad .. 我爸爸... Write down your story and improve it.Choose one member to tell the 创作一个接龙故事 story to the class.Vote for the best chain story. Reflecting 1.Can you name different natural disasters and talk about their impacts? 你能说出不同的自然灾害并谈论它们的影响吗? 2.Can you describe people's actions before,during,and after a natural 你能描述在自然灾害发生前、发生时与发生后人们的行为吗? disaster? 3.Can you talk about what you were doing during an event in the past? 你能谈论过去某一事件发生时你正在做什么吗? 4.How should we prepare for and stay safe in bad weather or 我们应该如何在恶劣天气或自然灾害中做好准备并保证安全? natural disasters? Nature is both a kind mother and a cold-blooded killer. 大自然既是慈爱的母亲,也是冷血的杀手。 50 UNIT 5UNIT 6 国际中文日 Grossing Cultures International Chines e Language Da y In this unit,you will 1.talk about ifferent customs around the world. 2.describe customs and explain what they mean. C 3.use adverbial clauses 我们如何与来自不同文化的人交流? withs...that,unless,and as soon as to How do we show result,condition,or time. communicate with 4.understand cultural ifferences and people from know how to behave in different different cultures? cultures. 本单元你将: 1. 谈论世界各地的不同习俗。 2. 描述习俗并解释其含义。本单元你将: 1. 谈论世界各地的不同习俗。 2. 描述习俗并解释其含义。 hat Chinese cultural elements can you see in the photo? 2.Do you think the girl in the photo likes to learn about Chinese culture?How do you know? Crossing Cultures Look and share 1. WCTI o. A How different are our cultures? 我们的文化有多大差异? Match the greetings with the pictures. 将问候方式与图片匹配。 _ D shake hands _ C bow B bump fists 握手 鞠躬 碰拳 F rub noses A kiss cheeks E hug 碰鼻 亲吻脸颊 拥抱 Listen to three conversations at a party.Match the guests with their feelings. 听派对上的三段对话。将客人与他们的感受匹配。分享你对他们为何有这些感受的看法。 Share your ideas on why they have these feelings. 1.Anna A.embarrassed 2.Li Tong B.surprised C.confused 3.Ji-Hoon Listen again.Complete the table with the common greetings in each country. 再听一遍。用每个国家的常见问候语完成表格。 Harry Anna Kaito Marie (US) (Japan) (UK) (France) shake hands bow shake hands kiss cheeks Choose two characters from 1b and 1c.Role-play meeting each other. 从1b和1c中选择两个角色,角色扮演他们互相见 面的场景。 ● How do you greet people in ...? 你在……是怎么跟人打招呼的? ● Is it common to greet others by...? 用……跟别人打招呼常见吗? ● We usually ...to say hello. 我们通常……来打招呼。 ● We don't/never ...because it's too formal/not formal enough. 我们不/从不……,因为那太正式/不够正式。 52 UNIT 6Complete the sentences about Indian culture.What else do you know 完成关于印度文化的句子。你还知道关于印度的其他什么知识? ab1o.Muta Innyd iap?eople like /do not like curry. 2.It is usually OK to be late /early when visiting friends. 3.People will usually offer you some tea/fruit when you visit them. 4.People usually wear clothes which cover their arms/legs. 很多人喜欢/不喜欢咖 5.喱It。 is rude/polite to give or take things with your left hand. 拜访朋友时,迟到 / 早到通常是可以接受 6.的D。ishes with beef are common/uncommon. 当你去拜访别人时,他们通常会给你倒些茶 / 拿些水果。 人们通常会穿遮住胳膊 / 腿的衣服。 用左手递东西或接东西是不礼貌的 / 礼貌的。 含牛肉的菜肴很常见 / 不常见。 Listen to the conversation and number the pictures in the order of the 含牛肉的菜肴很常见 / 不常见。 topics mentioned. 再听一遍并完成句子。 Listen again and complete the sentences. 1.In India,people have a special greeting .They press their palms 在印度,人们有一种特殊的问候方式。他们双手合十,微微鞠躬,并说 together, bow slightly ,and say,“Namaste.” “那摩斯戴”(Namaste)。 2.People in India use their right hand to eat.They seldom eat with a 印度人用右手吃饭。他们很少用刀叉。 knife and fork. 3.People often eat spicy curry.It's popular in India. 人们经常吃辛辣的咖喱。咖喱在印度很受欢迎。 4.In India, cows are very special to many people.They can 在印度,牛对很多人来说意义非凡。它们可以去任何想去的地方。 anywhere they like. Imagine a friend is going to visit India.Tell him or her about Indian customs. 想象有个朋友要去印度游玩。告诉他/她印度的习俗。 A:How do people in India greet others? 印度人是怎么跟别人打招呼的? B:.They have a special greeting. They press their palms together, bow slightly, and say "Namaste". A:What special foods do Indian people often eat? 印度人经常吃什么特别的食物? B: They often eat spicy curry. And dishes with beef are not common because cows are very special to many people in India. Crossing Cultures 53Read the conversation.Why is Hongli worried? 含牛肉的菜肴很常见 / 不常见。 Sam: What's wrong,Hongli? 萨姆:宏利,怎么了? Hongli: I’m having dinner at my friend's house tonight.But English table 宏利:我今晚要去朋友家吃晚饭。可是英式餐桌礼仪太让人困惑了,我有点担心。 manners are so confusing that I’m a little worried. Sam: Well,I'm from London.Ask me anything! 萨姆:哎呀,我是伦敦人呀!有什么问题尽管问我! Hong宏li:利 : T 谢 h 谢 an ! ks 那 !W 首先 el 我 l,f 需 ir 要 st 带 ,sh 点 o 什 ul 么 d 东 I 西 b 吗 ri ? ng something? Sam萨: 姆 : Y需e要s.的Br。in带g个 a小 sm礼a物ll就 g好if,t,b但u除t d非o主n'人t b主ri动ng让 你fo带od, u否n则le别ss带 th食e物 h。ost asks you t还o.有An记d住 r,em要e等m主b人er开 to始 w吃a了it, fo你r再 th动e 筷h子os。t to start before you eat. 宏利:知道了,很有用!你能再告诉我正确使用刀叉的方法吗? Hongu: Good to know!Could you tell me the proper way to use a knife and fork too? 萨姆:就用右手拿刀,左手拿叉就行。要是你不确定,看看其他人怎么做就好。 Sam: Just hold the knife in your right hand,and the fork in your left.If you get confused,watch what everyone else does. 宏利:好的。还有别的要注意的吗? Hong萨li:姆 : O 嗯 K … .A … n 饭 yt 后 hi 要 ng 感 谢 els 主 e 人 ? , Hmm.After the meal,thank the host Sam: 并且说每样菜都很美味。 a而nd且 s,ay最 t重ha要t 的ev是e rything was delicious. 宏利:A是n什d,么m呀os?t importantly. 萨姆:好好享受就行啦! Hongli: Yes? 宏利:谢谢,我会的! Sam: Enjoy yourself! Hongli: Thanks,I will! 记录在英国朋友家吃晚饭的注意事项。 Make notes about having dinner at a friend's house in the UK. Before the meal During the meal After the meal 用餐前 用餐中 用餐后 - Bring a small gift - Hold the knife in the - Thank the host and (don’t bring food unless right hand and the fork say everything was the host asks). in the left. delicious. - Wait for the host to - Watch others if start eating. confused. Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it. 听对话,然后分角色表演。 Imagine that your foreign friend is going to have dinner at a Chinese 想象你的外国朋友第一次去中国人家里吃晚饭。利用下面的提示给他 / 她一些建议。 person’s house for the first time.Use the tips below to give him or her some ad●vi c We.ait for older people to start eating. ● Sit up straight.Keep your elbows off the table. ● Do not stand up to reach for food.Ask others to pass you the dish. 等长辈先动筷。 ● Use serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from shared dishes. 坐直,肘部不要放在桌上。 坐直,肘部不要放在桌上。 用公筷和公勺从公用菜盘中取食。 A:I’m going to a Chinese friend’s house for dinner.Could you give me some 我要去中国朋友家吃晚饭。你能给我一些餐桌礼仪方面的建议吗? advice on table manners? B:Sure!First,w …ait for older people to start eating. Then, sit up straight and keep your elbows off the table. Also, do not stand up to reach for food; ask others to pass you the dish. And use serving chopsticks and spoons to take food from shared dishes.Read the conversation.Why is Hongli worried? UNIT 6Grammar Focus Read the sentences.What do the words in red mean?How are the pairs of words in blue used differently? No,that's so formal that we don't do it these Do you ever bow? days. Sure.Bring a small gift,but don't bring food Should I bring something? unless the host asks you to. I was surprised by your bow.We usually just That's surprising!In Japan,we bow as say"hello"or shake hands in the US soon as we meet a teacher. Don't look so embarrassed! But it is embarrassing! Combine the sentences using the words in brackets. 1. Türkiye: People don't kiss one another on the cheek. They can do so if they are good friends.(unless) In Türkiye,people don't kiss one another on the cheek unless they are good fri ends . 2.Japan:Take off your shoes.You do this when you enter someone's home. (as soon as) 3.Kenya:Being late is very common.You should be patient and not expect people to be on time.(so ...that) 4.China:Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude.You should avoid it.(so...that) 5.Mexico:Don't use someone's first name if you don’t know him or her well. You can use it if the person invites you to do so.(unless) Complete the passage with the words in the box.Can you tell where the writer is from? surprising surprised interesting interested so...that as Soon as unless Do you know what culture shock is?You may feel it when you experience a new culture,because the new culture is so...that different from your Own that you feel i nterested .For example,I expcrienced this as Soon as I got off the plane in Peru last year.People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus!That was really surprisingto me.In Germany,people usually like more personal space,and we don’t stand Crossing Culturesclose to someone unless we know them very well.But once I was used to it,I became more curious and surp rised in learning about the culture there. It's so interesting to discover cultural differences like this! Crossing CulturesCTIo B How do we show respect to other cultures? 1a What should you know before you attend a party in a foreign country?Tick the topics that you think are □ arrival time □table manners □how to dress □how to thank others □safe conversation topics □ topics to avoid ☑how to greet the host □what gifts to bring □when to say goodbye Read Nancy's email about party Identifying topic sentences manners in France.Underline the A topic sentence gives the to T p o i c s e n t deniacnea@frenchlearning.com From idea of a paragraph.It nancy@student.com usually appears at the start Subject Re:How's life in France? of a appear later on.Identifying the topic sentences can help you quickly understand a Hi Diana, Paris is pretty good!I was a little It's so great to hear from you.Life lonely at first,but I'm starting to make some friends.They helped me to learn more about the customs here after I had some embarrassing experiences at a party last month.I'd like to share some tips with you. First,you shouldn't arrive early to a party.It's normal to be on time or a few minutes late,but arriving early can cause problems.Once,I arrived 10 minutes early to a party.Usually that's the polite thing to do, right?But my friend looked so surprised to see me! He was still getting everything ready. Second,it's important to bring a gift when you visit someone.When l attended my friend's party,I didn't bring anything.It wasn't his birthday, but everyone else brought gifts like chocolates or flowers to thank him for the party.I was so embarrassed! Third,you should always try to dress for the occasion.At that party it was surprising to see how nicely everyone was dressed.It was summer, so lwas just wearing asimple blouse and shorts.But everyone else was dressed so well that I felt silly. Fourth,it's best not to ask personal questions unless you know the person quite well.Many French people are quite private.They don't like it when others ask them about their age,their family,whether they are married,or how much money they make.Food and culture,however,are safe conversation topics.56 UNIT 6Last but not least,make sure you use French whenever you can.Lots of people speak English here,but you can develop closer relalionships with them if you use French.It's very important in their culture.I found that even a simple "merci"goes a long way!You'll see what I mean as soon as you get here! Au revoir! Nancy Send A ◎ 回 ② 1 Read the email again and answer the questions. 1.How did Nancy feel at the beginning of her stay in France? 2.What were the three mistakes that Nancy made at the party? 3.What should you not ask about when talking to someone in France? 4.Why does Nancy ask Diana to speak in French whenever possible? 5.What can you learn from Nancy's experiences of being in a new country? Read again and complete the mind map with the tips from the email. How to dress Always try to dress for Conversation ① Arrival the occasion. Don't arrive early. It's topics normal to be on time Avoid personal questions or a few minutes late. like age, family, marriage, and income. Food and culture are safe topics. Attending French parties i Getting along Gif Bring a gift like with others chocolates or flowers Use French whenever when visiting possible to develop someone. closer relationships. In pairs,use the mind map in 1d to brainstorm tips for Chinese parties.Give each other advice on what to do. A:What should I take with me to the party? B:You could take some fruit or flowers. Crossing CulturesVocabulary in Use 2a Write down the negative forms of the adjectives in the boxusing un-or im-/in-. safe proper formal possible friendly interesting tidy healthy perfect important common happy un-: unsafe,.. im-/in-: improper,informal , … 2b Complete the sentences with the negative forms of the adjectives in brackets. 1.Saying “hi”is an informa l way to greet others.(formal) 2.It is impolite to point at people in many countries.(polite) 3.In some countries,people feel that it is improper to wear shorts,short skirts,or jeans to places like concert halls.(proper) 4.The host may be unhappy if you don’'t enjoy yourself at their party.(happy) 5.In some cultures,it is OK to be late sometimes.People don't get impatient when their meetings don't start on time.(patient) 2c Circle the correct words to complete the conversations. 1.A:Did you understand the rules?I found them confused/confusing. B:I was confused /confusing at first too,but Mr Thompson explained them to me. 2.A:Isn’t it excited/exciting that James will marry Jennifer next month? B:Yes!I'm so excited /exciting,and I can’t wait to congratulate them. 3.A:Sally was a little embarrassed/embarrassing just now.She wished her friend happy birthday on the wrong date. B:Oh no!That can be embarrassed/embarrassing. Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. normal last manner proper challenge In many Asian countries,it is normal for people to eat with chopsticks. There are many rules and traditions about how to use chopsticks properly Firstly,don't stick your chopsticks into food.That is very bad manners . · Secondly,don't pull dishes close to you with your chopsticks.Thirdly, don't point at others with your chopsticks or wave them about when you talk. Lastly ,hold your chopsticks correctly.Using chopsticks looks easy, but it can actually be a little challenging .The key thing is to keep trying.With plenty of practice,anyone can learn to use chopsticks well! 58 UNIT 63a Read Tina's email to Yaming.Label the different parts of the email. A.email topic B.person receiving the email C.person sending the email D.sign-off E. main text F.greeting yaming@student.com B To tina@student.com C From Home visit—Help needed! A Subj F Hi Yaming, E One more weektogo!I'm so excited to see you.I'll meet the Zhaos as soon as lland in Shanqhai.I'll be staying with their family for two weeks,and I'm a little nervous!Mr and Mrs Zhao are both in their forties,and they have a son who is younger than me.His grandmother also lives with them. Could you give me some advice?Should I bring a gift?In America, we usually bring the host something small,like food.Is that a good idea?Also,what are the right table manners?What are some good conversation topics in China?Is there anything else I should know?I'm worried about doing something silly.It could give people the false impression that I'm a rude person.First impressions are so important thatI don't want to say or do anything wrong! I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon! D Cheers, Tina Send A₂ ⑥ 回 ② Brainstorm what shows good manners when visiting a Chinese friend. Discuss your ideas with a partner. ● table manners · greetings ● conversation topics · giving In China,it's important to bring a gift when... Imagine you are Yaming.Write an email to Tina to give some advice. Crossing Cultures ( 59*Project Compare two countries'customs In groups,research the similarities and differences between customs in China and another country.You can choose some topics from the list below Complete the table with your ideas. · greetings ● visiting others ● wearing the right clothes ● table manners · giving and receiving gifts ● good/bad conversation topics Table manners China Brazil Same or different It's not polite to talk It's also rude to talk same with yourmouth full. while your mouth is full. We use chopsticks. Theyuse a knife and fork different 0 Join a different group.Tell them about your research. We researched table manners.In China,it's not polite to talk with your mouth full.In Brazil,it's rude to do that too.In China,we usually use chopsticks.But in Brazil, … 4c Rejoin your original group.Share what you learnt in the other group. Reflecting 1.What customs from around the world have you learnt? 2.What are some cultural differences between China and other countries? 3.Do you understand adverbial clauses with so ...that,unless,and as soon as?Can you use them properly? 4.Why do you think it is important to know about cultural differences? 5.How should we communicate with people from different cultures? When in Rome,do as the Romans do. 60 UNIT 6一次愉快的阅读 7 A Good Read UNIT 我们为什么要阅读好书? Why should we BIG read great books? Question In this unit,you will Look and share 观察与分享 在本单元,你将: 1.share your thoughts about great books you have read. 1.What kind of book do you think the boy in the 1.你认为照片中的男孩正在读什么类型的书? 1.分享你对所读好书的看法。 2.use the present perfect tense to talk about recent photo is reading? 2.用现在完成时谈论近期的事件和经历。 events and experiences. 22..你Ho认w为 do这 y个ou男 th孩ink对 t他he的 bo书y 感fee觉ls如 ab何ou?t his book? 3.learn how to write a book report. 33..你W喜ha欢t k读ind什s 么of 类bo型ok的s 书do? you enjoy reading? 3.学习如何写读书报告。 4.explore classic literature and develop an interest in 4.探索经典文学并培养阅读兴趣。 reading.A Good ReadWhat great books have you read? 我们为什么要阅读好书? Have you read or heard of these books?Share what youknow about them. 我们为什么要阅读好书? Harry Potter The Journey to and the Philosopher's Stone Time Machine The Final The Final Problem the West J.K.Rowling Problem Wu Cheng'en Arthur Conan Doyle 《西游记》 《哈利・波特与魔法石》 《时间机器》 D 《最后一案》 Around the Around the Word in Eighty World in Days Eighty Days Three Boo Jules Verne Problem Adventure Fantasy Mystery E 《八十天环游地球》 《三体》 Science Fiction 1b Listen to three conversations.Write the letter 听三段对话。将 1a 中每本书的字母写在正确的书架上。 for each book from la on the correct shelf. Listen again and complete the sentences. 再听一遍并完成句子。 1.Sherlock Holmes,the hero of The Final Problem,is a famous 亚明读过几本《哈利・波特》系列书籍。 detective. 2.In The Three-Body Problem,aliens are planning to attack Earth. 亚明读过几本《哈利・波特》系列书籍。 3.Yaming has read some of the Harry Potter books. 亚明读过几本《哈利・波特》系列书籍。 4.Yaming has chosen Journey to the West for his book report . 亚明为他的读书报告选择了《西游记》。 5.Around the World in Eighty Days is about adventures in different countries. 《八十天环游地球》是关于在不同国家的冒险故事。 Talk about the types of novels you have read. 谈论你读过的小说类型。 A:Have you ever read a science fiction novel? 你读过科幻小说吗? B:Yes,I have.I've read .…/No,I haven’'t. 是的,我读过…… / 不,我没读过。 A:How did you find it?/Have you heard of...? 你觉得它怎么样? / 你听说过…… 吗? UNIT 7读书报告中需要提及哪些内容?在列表中勾选相应条目。 What do you need to mention in abook report?Tick the items in the list. ☑ character(s) 人 物 ☑ book title书名 ☑ book price 书 的 价 格 ☑ writer(s作) 者 ☑ events in the story 故 事 中 的 事 件 ☑ your opinion 你的观点 ☑ type of novel 小 说 类 型 ☑ cover art封面设计 ☑ main subject(s)of the book书籍的主要主题 Listen to two students'book reports.Match each student with the 听两位学生的读书报告。将每位学生与其选择书籍的主要原因匹配。 main reason for his or her book choice. 1.Zhong Yi A.the student's favourite type of novel A. 学生最喜欢的小说类型 2.Linda B.the student's favourite writer B. 学生最喜欢的作家 Listen again.Complete the notes for the two students'book reports. 再听一遍。完成两位学生读书报告的笔记。 Zhong Yi's report Linda's report Item 人物 The Romance of the Three Title Oliver Twist 《雾都孤儿》 Kingdoms 《三国演义》 作者 Writer Luo Guanzhong 罗贯中 Charles Dickens 查尔斯・狄更斯 小说类型 历史小说 经典小说 Type of novel historical fiction a classic realisti c novel 三个王国相互征战超过一个世 A young boy is forced to steal 故事中的事件 纪T。hree kingdoms things.In the end,the criminals are Events in the fought punished,and the boy has a happylife. story one another for over 一个小男孩被迫偷窃。最终,罪犯受 a century . 最喜欢的人物 到惩罚,男孩过上了幸福的生活。 Zhuge Liang Favourite 奥利弗・特威斯特 诸葛亮 Oliver Twist character(s) 19 世纪伦敦穷人的生活状况 我学到了什么 What I 许多中国成语 how poor people lived in London a lot of Chinese idioms in the 1800s have learnt Choose a book you like.Give a 选择一本你喜欢的书,做一个简短的读书报 short book report. 告。 Have you ever read...?It's my favourite 你读过…… 吗? 这是我最喜欢的由…… book by….In this story,the main 写的书。在这个故事中, character is….He/She.. 主角是…… 他 / 她…… A Good Read 63Read the conversation.Who has read the book?Who has watched the movie? 阅读对话。谁读过这本书?谁看过这部电影? Fu Xinghas read the book. Peter has watched the movie.(傅兴读过这本书,彼得看过这部电影。) Peter: What have you read recently,Fu Xing? 彼得:傅兴,你最近读了什么书? Fu Xing:I've just finished Alice's Adventures in 傅兴:我刚读完刘易斯・卡罗尔的《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。 Wonderland by Lewis Carroll.It's a fantasy 这是一部奇幻经典,讲述了一个女孩在魔法世界迷路的故事 classic about a girl who gets lost in a magical 。彼得,你读过吗? world.Have you ever read it,Peter? Pet彼er得: : 我I'v没e读 n过ev,e但r r我ea看d过 i电t,b影ut。 I've watched the movie. Fu傅 X兴in:g你:Y也ou应 该sh读ou这ld本 r书ea!d我 th一e直 b觉oo得k书 to比o电!I'影ve好 a。lways preferred the book to the movie. 彼得:我会读的!你最喜欢书中的哪个部分? Peter: I will!What's your favourite part of the book? 傅兴:你记得爱丽丝发现一扇小门的情节吗? Fu Xing:Do you remember when Alice finds a tiny door? 她喝了一瓶东西,变得更小了…… She drinks from a bottle and grows smaller ... 彼得:我记得!然后她意识到自己忘了桌上的 Peter: 钥I 匙re,m但em她b变er得!T太h小en了 ,sh够e 不re着al。izes she's forgotten 傅兴:对th,e 然ke后y她 o吃n 了a 一ta块bl魔e,法bu蛋t 糕sh,e'变s 得gr更ow大n了 t!oo small to reach it. Fu彼 X得in:g:我Y猜es你,th真e的n 很sh喜e 欢ea这ts本 a书 m!agic cake and grows bigger! Pet傅er兴: : 是I 的gu。es我s 一yo直u喜 re欢a读lly奇 l幻ov小e说 th。is而 b且oo这k个! 故事是关于成长的。 我觉得它很有趣。 Fu Xing:Yes.I've always loved reading fantasy books.And this story is about growing up.I find it interesting. Complete the table with the information from the conversation. 用对话中的信息完成表格。 《爱丽丝梦游仙境》 Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Writer Type of novel Main character Main subject Lewis Carroll fantasy Alice growing up Favourite part ● Alice finds a tiny door ● Alice drinks from a bottle and grows smaller. ● Alice realizes she has forgotten the key on a table,but she cannot it because she has grown too small. ● Alice eats a magic cake and grows bigger . Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it. 听对话,然后分角色表演。 Talk with a partner about a book you have both read.Share what you 和搭档谈论一本你们都读过的书,分享你对它的了解。 know about it. A:Have you ever read...? 你读过…… 吗? B:Yes,I have.It's a fun story,isn’t it? 是的,我读过。这是个有趣的故事,不是吗? A:Yes!Do you remember ...?/What's your favourite part? 是的!你记得…… 吗?/ 你最喜欢哪个部分?Read the conversation.Who has read the book?Who has watched the movie? 64 UNIT 7Grammar Focus 阅读下列句子,划出动词的现在完成时形式。 Read the sentences and underline the present perfect forms of the verbs. 4 Pay attention to the meanings of the bold Have you decided on a book for your report? Yes,I have./No,I haven't. Has Peter ever heard of this book? No,he's never heard of it. Has Chen Jie read this book yet? No,but she's already borrowed it from the library. Ive just finished The Romance of the What have you read recently? Three Kingdoms. I've=Ihave she's=she has haven't=have not hasn't=has not 是的!你记得…… 吗?/ 你最喜欢哪个部分? 4b Complete the conversations with ever,never,just,already,or yet. 是的!你记得…… 吗?/ 你最喜欢哪个部分? 1.A:Have you ever heard of the book The Little Prince? A:你曾经听过《小王子》这本书吗? B:No,I've never heard of it. B:没有,我从来没有听过。 A:I've just finished reading it.It's such a simple story,but you can learn A:我刚读完它。这是一个很简单的故事,但你能从中学到很多东西! a lot from it! 2.A:Have you chosen a book for your book report yet ? A:你还没为读书报告选好一本书吗? B:Yes,I've chosen The Little Match Girl.It's such a sad story,but I love it. B:选好了,我选了《卖火柴的小女孩》。它是个很悲伤的故事,但我很喜欢。 I ve already read it many times. 我已经读了很多遍了。 3.A:I've never read a classic novel before.Could you recommend one? A:我以前从来没有读过经典小说。你能推荐一本吗? B:Well,I've just finished Outlaws of the Marsh.It's really good! B:嗯,我刚读完《水浒传》。它真的很棒! A:Oh,thanks!Could I borrow it? A:哦,谢谢!我能借一下吗? B:Sure! B:当然可以! 4c C用o括m号pl内et动e 词th的e 一pa般ss过a去ge时 w或it现h在 th完e成 si时m形p式le 完p成as短t o文r present perfect forms of the verbs in brackets. Have you ever tried (try)to read books from different countries? At the 你曾经尝试过阅读来自不同国家的书籍吗? start of this year,I decided (decide)to read books from as many countries 今年年初, 我决定要尽可能多地阅读来自不同国家的书籍。 as possible.I began (begin)with The Adventures of Tom Sawyer.Today 我从《汤姆・索亚历险记》开始读起。 如今, I have already read (read)twenty different books. These books have taught 我已经读了二十本不同的书。 这些书教会 (te了a我ch很)m多e关 于a 其lo他t 文ab化o和ut社 o会th的e知r 识cu,lt u r e s a n d s o c ie t i e s , a n d t也he让y我 h以ave allowed (a不llo同w的)m视e角 看to待 世se界e 。th e w o r ld d i f f e r e n t l y . In 过th去e ,p我as只t,I知 道on不ly同 k国n家ew的 名(k字no,w)the na但m现es在 我o对f它 d们if有fe了re一nt些 更co深u的nt了rie解s。,bu t n o到w目 前Iu为n止de,rstand them a little bit 这段经历非常美妙。 我从未意识 better.This experience has been amazing so far.Ihave never realized 到我们的世界竟然如此广阔! (realize)how big our world really is! 4d Interview your classmates and find out who has done these activities. 是的!你记得…… 吗?/ 你最喜欢哪个部分? ● read all four Chinese literary classics ● watched a movie based on a 读过中国四大文学名著 看过根据小说改编的电影 novel ● read a book in a different language ● read a book more than twice 读过其他语言的书籍 一本书读了不止两遍 ● read a book with more than 500 pages ● joined a reading club 读过超过 500 页的书 加入过读书俱乐部 A Good Read 65CTIo. B What can we learn from great books? 我们能从名著中学到什么? Have you read any of these books?Share what you know about them. 你读过这些书吗?分享你对它们的了解。 ● My Childhood ● The Wonderful Wizard ofOz ● ADream of Red Mansions 《童年》 《绿野仙踪》 《红楼梦》 ● Treasure Island · Red Star over China ● The Secret Garden 《金银岛》 《红星照耀中国》 《秘密花园》 Read the summary of the story The Secret Garden.Circle the characters 阅读《秘密花园》的故事梗概,圈出故事中的人物。他们之间有什么关系? in the story.How are they related to one another? 《秘密花园》 The Secret Garden (弗朗西丝・霍奇森・伯内特《秘密花园》的梗概) (A summary of Frances Hodgson Burnett's The Secret Garden) In this story,Mary Lennox,a spoiled and selfish 10-year-old girl goes to live with 在这个故事中,玛丽・伦诺克斯是一个被宠坏且自私的 10 岁女孩, her uncle,Mr Craven,after her parents pass away.Her uncle has a huge house, 父母去世后,她去和舅舅克莱文先生一起生活。她的舅舅有一座很大的房子, but he is seldom there.Mary spends a lot of time alone and bored.At night 但他很少在家。玛丽大部分时间都独自一人,感到很无聊。 晚上 she often hears crying coming from somewhere. 她经常听到某处传来哭声。 One day,Mary hears about a beautiful garden.It belonged to her uncle’s wife. 有一天,玛丽听说了一个美丽的花园。 它曾属于她舅舅的妻子。 After she died,the garden became a painful memory for him,so he locked 她去世后,这个花园成了他痛苦的回忆, 所以他把它锁了 it up.No one has seen it for ten years.One morning,Mary finds an old key. 起来。十年来,没有人见过它。 一天早上, 玛丽发现了一把旧钥匙。 When it unlocks a half-hidden door,she discovers the secret garden inside! 当她用它打开一扇半隐的门时, 发现里面有一个秘密花园! U不nf幸or的tu是na,te l y , n o没b有od人y照 h料as这 些ta植ke物n , c a r e o f th e p l a n t s所,a以nd大 部th分er植ef物or都e,长m势uc很h差 o。f it is in a bad state. Later,Mary tells her secret to a new friend,Dickon.The young boy knows 后来, 玛丽把她的秘密告诉了新朋友迪肯。 这个小男孩 a lot about gardening,and they work together to make the garden beautiful 对园艺很在行, 他们一起努力让花园再次变得美丽。 again.One night,Mary hears someone crying again and discovers Colin,her 一天晚上,玛丽又听到有人在哭, 发现了她的表弟科林。 cousin.He is unhappy and weak because he has lived alone in a hidden room 他很不开心,身体也很虚弱, 因为自从母亲去世后,他就一直独自住在一个隐蔽 since h的is房 m间o里th。er 's d e a th .H 他e 已ha经s好 n几ot年 w没al走ke路d了 f,or y e a r s 因be为ca他u认se为 h自e 己th身in患ks重 h病e。 has an illness.M玛丽ar和y 迪an肯d给 D他i讲ck关on于 花te园ll 的hi故m事 s,to r i e s a b o u t t h e g a r d e n a并nd偷 偷tak带e他 him secretly to 去se看e 花it园. 。 Over time,Colin grows stronger.The fresh air and 随着时间的推移,科林变得越来越强壮。 新鲜的空气和 beautiful garden are good for him,and he proves 美丽的花园对他很有好处, that he is not ill when he gets to his feet for the first 当他多年来第一次站起来时,证明了自己并没有生病! time in years!The three friends spend time together 三个朋友一起在花园里度过时光, in the garden a一nd天 比gr一ow天 快ha乐pp。ier day by day. In the end,Mary's uncle returns home.To his great 最后,玛丽的舅舅回到了家。 令他大吃 surprise,he sees Colin walking and running,and he 一惊的是,他看到科林在走路、奔跑, discovers that the secret garden has become as alive 还发现秘密花园又变得和以前一样生机勃勃、美丽动人了! and beautiful as it ever was!CTIo. B What can we learn from great books? Have you read any of these books?Share what you know about them.Read the summary again.Complete the story mountain of The Secret Garden. 再读梗概,完成《秘密花园》的 “故事山” 结构。 Analysing a plot 分析情节 A plot is a list of events 情节是故事中发生的一系列事 that happen in a story.A 件。 一个情节 p通lot常有五个部分, 这些 u部su分al结ly 合h在as一 f起ive, parts.These p创ar造ts 出c一om个b能ine让 t读o 者cr保ea持te兴 a趣 的故事。 story that keeps the readers interested. A Beginning开头 Mary goes to live with her uncle (Mr Craven) after her parents'death. 玛丽在父母去世后,去和她的舅舅(克雷文先生)一起生活。 Problem/ One day,she finds an old key to a secret garden.It looks bad because B Surprising event 有 n 一 o o 天 n , e h 她 as 发 t 现 ak 了 en 一 c 把 ar 通 e o 往 f 秘 th 密 e 花 pl 园 an 的 ts. 旧钥匙。花园看 问题 / 令人惊讶的事 起来很糟糕,因为没有人照料这些植物。 件 She works hard with Dickon to make the garden 她和迪肯一起努力,让花园变得美丽。 C Build-up发展部分 beautiful.Later,she meets Colin who is unhappy and 后来,她遇到了科林,他既不开心又虚弱。 weak. Her cousin growsstronger and soon he can walk again. D Climax高潮 她的表弟变得越来越强壮,很快他就能重新走路了。 E Ending结尾 Her uncle returns home ,and everyone lives together happily. 她的叔叔回到了家,所有人都幸福地生活在一起。 Read again.Match the causes with the effects. 再读梗概,完成《秘密花园》的 “故事山” 结构。 A.Mary's parents pass away. 玛丽的父母去世了。 B.The garden reminds Mary's uncle of his dead wife. 这个花园让玛丽的叔叔想起了他已故的妻 C.No one takes care of the garden. 子。 没人打理花园。 D.Colin thinks he is sick. 科林觉得自己病了。 E.Colin has lived alone since his mother's death. 科林自从母亲去世后就一直独自生活。 F.Colin spends time in the garden. 科林在花园里度过时光。 E Colin is unhappy and often cries at night. 科林很不开心,经常在夜里哭泣。 A Mary goes to live in her uncle's house. 这个花园状况很差。 C The garden is in bad condition. 这个花园状况很差。 D Colin never tries to walk. 科林从不尝试走路。 F Colin grows stronger and happier. 科林变得更强壮、更快乐了。 B Mary's uncle locks up the garden. 玛丽的叔叔把花园锁了起来。 1e Discuss the questions. 讨论问题。 1.Who is your favourite character?Why 你最喜欢的角色是谁?为什么? 2.Why do you think the book is named The Secret Garden? 你认为这本书为什么叫《秘密花园》? 3.What have you learnt from this story? 你从这个故事中学到了什么? 4.Why do you think this book is popular among many people? 你认为这本书为什么受到很多人的欢迎? A Good Read (67Vocabulary in Use 2a Change these nouns into adjectives by adding the suffixes -al,-ish,-y,-ful, 将这些名词通过添加后缀 -al、-ish、-y、-ful、-ous 或 -ive 转化为形容词, -ous,or-ive.Add other adjectives with the same suffixes. 并补充具有相同后缀的其他形容词。 Noun Suffix Adjective Other magic -al magical musical, historical mystery -ous mysterious dangerous, famous pain -ful painful careful, helpful sunny, rainy fun -y funny effect -ive effective active, creative childish, foolish self -ish selfish Is each underlined word anoun oraverb?Write Nfor a noun orVfora verb. 每个划线单词是名词(N)还是动词(V)?名词写 N,动词写 V。 1.In the story,aliens were planning to attack (V)the earth.Luckily, 在故事中,外星人正计划攻击(V)地球。幸运的是,人们及时阻止了这场攻击(N)。 people stopped the attack (N)in time. 2.A book report (N)gives you information about the book and the 读书报告(N)会为你提供关于书籍的信息以及读者对它的看法。 reader's opinion about it.People often report (V)on a favourite book or 人们经常报道(V)自己最喜欢的书或最近读过的书。 one they have read recently. 3.In Oliver Twist,bad people often used force (N)to make Oliver do bad 在《雾都孤儿》中,坏人经常用暴力(N)逼迫奥利弗为他们做坏事。 things for them.They even forced (V)him into a house to steal things! 他们甚至强迫(V)他进一所房子去偷东西! 4.At the school meeting,the librarian stated (V)that many of the library 在学校会议上,图书管理员陈述(V)说,图书馆的很多书都处于糟糕的状态(N)。 books were in a terrible state (N). 5.The writer based (V)his new novel in London,and he used London’s 这位作家把他的新小说设定(V)在伦敦,并且以伦敦的历史作为故事的基础(N)。 history as the base (N)of his story. 2c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. 用方框中单词的正确形式完成短文。 证明 迫使 攻击 冒险 薄弱的 基础 惩罚 prove force attack adventure weak base punish Many people consider Journey to the West to be one of the greatest Chinese 许多人认为《西游记》是中国有史以来最伟大的古典小说之一。 classic novels of all time.The story is the base of several TV dramas, 这个故事是多部电视剧、电影和戏剧的基础(base)。 films,and plays.In the story,Tang Sanzang and three other characters are on 故事中,唐三藏和其他三个角色正在经历一场冒险(adventure)。 a(n) adventure .Sun Wukong is the most powerful of them all,and he uses 孙悟空是他们中最厉害的一个, 他用 his 法po力w攻e击rs( taot taatctka)ck 敌th人e。ir e n e m i e s .然H而ow,e故v事er一,h开e 始w他as也 很al调so皮 v。ery naughty at the start o这f 迫th使e( sftoorrcyed.T)h i善s 良f温or和ce的d唐 t三he藏 去kind and gentle Tang Sanzang to pu惩n罚is(h phuinmis.hT)h e他 s。e第co二nd个 角ch色a猪ra八ct戒er很,Z懒hu但 心B地aj善ie良,is。 l a z y b u t k i n d .A n d 最 t后he last 一个角色沙悟净安静又勤奋。 这四个角色 character,Sha Wujing,is quiet and hard-working.The four characters 在旅途中遇到了许多困难。 尽管他们各 experience many difficulties on their journey.Although they have their 有弱点(weaknesses),但当他们团结协作时,没有人能打败他们! own weaknesses ,when they work together,nobody can defeat them! 最终,他们实现了目标, 证明(prove) 自己是一个优秀的团队。 Together, they achieve their final goal and prove themselves to be a good team. 68 UNITRead a student's book report and label the different parts with the informa阅ti读on一 b名e学lo生w.的读书报告,并用以下信息给不同部分标注。 A.basic information about the book(e.g.book title and writer) 书籍的基本信息(例如:书名和作者) B.lessons from the book 从书中得到的启示 C.the student's recommendation 学生的推荐 D.how popular the book is 书籍的受欢迎程度 E.the story of the book ERNE 书籍的故事 ST □My favourite book is The Old Man and the HEMINGWA 我最喜欢的书是《老人与海》。 Sea. It was written in 1952 by the American Y 它是由美国作家欧内斯特・海明威于 1952 年创作的。 writer 这本书很快就流行起来。 THE Ernest Hemingway.□The book became popular 1953 年,它获得了普利策奖。 very quickly.In 1953,it won the Pulitzer Prize. OLD MAN □The main character is a fisherman who hasn't 主角是一位数月都没捕到任何东西的渔夫。 AND caught anything for months.One day he catches 有一天他捕到了 a huge fish,but he has to fight for days to kill 一条大鱼,但他不得不奋战数日才能杀死它。 it.He finally succeeds,but he can't pull the fish 他最终成功了, 但他无法把鱼 on拉to到 h自is己 b的oa船t.上O。n 在hi他s 返w回ay的 b路ac上k,,sh鲨a鱼rk吃s 掉ea了t 它it,, leaving nothing but bones. 只留下骨头。 □ This book has taught me not to give up or doubt myself.I'm inspired by 这本书教会我不要放弃或怀疑自己。 我被 how hard the fisherman fights,even though he loses the fish in the end.As 这位渔夫的顽强抗争所鼓舞, 即使他最终失去了鱼。 Hemingway said,"Man is not made for defeat.A man can be destroyed but 正如海明威所说:“人不是为失败而生的。 一个人可以被毁灭,但 not defeated.”□Even though I've already read the book three times,I'm not 不能被打败。”□尽管我已经读了这本书三遍, tired of it yet.If you've never read Ernest Hemingway,I recommend this 但我仍然不觉得厌倦。如果你从未读过欧内斯特・海明威的作品, 我推荐这本书。 book. Write a book report about a novel you have read recently.To plan 写一篇关于你最近读过的一部小说的读书报告。为了规划你的报告,请使用下面的表格做笔记。 your report,make notes using the table below. Book title: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone 书名: Story Opinion Introduction ● Who 书is名 :the writer? ● Who ar 书 e 名 t : he main What ha 书 ve 名 y : ou learnt ●- W作he者n/是Wh谁e?re was 主 ch 要 ar 人 ac 物 t 是 er 谁 s? ? 你f从ro故m 事th中e 学s到to了ry什?么? - t h 作 e 者 s 是 to 谁 ry ? written? ● What is the story ● What do you think 故事是关于什么的? 你对这本书有什么看法? ● What did/do people about? about the book? 人 th 们 i 对 nk 它 a 的 bo 看 ut 法 是 it 什 ? ● What are the main Should others read it 么? 故 ev 事 en 的 ts 主 要 in 事 件 th 是 e 什 st 么 or ? y? 其他 to 人 o? 也 Wh 应 y 该 o 读 r 它 wh 吗 y ? no 为 t 什 ? 么或为什么不? Use your notes from 3b to write your book report. 利用你在 3b 中做的笔记来写你的读书报告。 A Good Read 69Make a reading log *Project 名 利用你在 3b 中做的笔记来写你的读书报告。 Workin groups to brainstorm English books to include in a reading 利用你在 3b 中做的笔记来写你的读书报告。 log. Explain your book choices. Write about your favourite book for the reading log.You can use 利用你在 3b 中做的笔记来写你的读书报告。 the example of one entryin the reading log below to help you. READING LOG Group:1 Name:Guo Yuhan 小组:1 姓名:郭雨涵 William Shakespeare Title书名 Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》 Writer 作者 威廉・莎士比亚 Main characters H 哈 am 姆 le 雷 t 特 ,t 、 he 丹 o 麦 l 老 d 国 Ki 王 ng 、 of Denmark, Type of novel Tragedy 悲剧 主要人物 the Queen,Hamlet’s uncle 小说 王后、哈姆雷特的叔叔 类型 In this play,the ghost of the old King of Denmark tells his son,Hamlet,that 在这部戏剧中,丹麦老国王的鬼魂告诉他的儿子哈姆雷特,自己是被哈姆雷特的叔叔杀害的。 he was killed by Hamlet's uncle.After his death,Hamlet's uncle became the 他死后,哈姆雷特的叔叔成为了丹麦国王。哈姆雷特假装疯癫,同时探寻真相,而哈姆雷特的 King of Denmark.Hamlet pretends to be mad while he searches for the Summary 叔叔决定杀死他来掩盖自己的行为。可悲的是,故事以国王、王后和哈姆雷特本人的悲剧性死 truth,and Hamlet's uncle decides to kill him to cover up his 摘要 亡告终。 actions.Sadly,the story ends with the tragic deaths of the King,Queen,and Hamlet himself. 我的观点 This book has helped me to understand what it's like to survive and do the 这本书帮助我理解了即使肩负重任,也要努力生存并尽自己最大努力的感受。 My opinion best I can,even when I have to carry a great weight on my shoulders.The st这or个y 故i事s 既ex扣c人it心in弦g 又a无nd比 悲ye伤t ,s我o 在sa某d些 t地ha方t甚I 至cr看i哭ed了in。 some places. cogp0 o E Quote from “To be,or notto be,that is the question. ” the book “生存还是毁灭,这是一个值得考虑的问题。” 书中语录 Share your favourite books with the class as a group.Answer your 以小组为单位向全班分享你最喜欢的书籍,回答同学们的问题。 classmates'questions. For my favourite English book,I've chosen Shakespeare's play 对于我最喜欢的英文书籍,我选择了莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》。 Hamlet. Shakespeare wrote the play around 1600.The story is 莎士比亚大约在 1600 年创作了这部戏剧。故事是关于…… about ... Reflecting 反思 1.Can you tell others about what you think about a great book? 你能向他人表达你对一本好书的看法吗? 2.Do you know how to talk about recent events and experiences that are still 你知道如何谈论与当今仍相关的近期事件和经历吗? relevant today? 3.Can you write a book report about a book you have read? 你能就你读过的一本书写一篇读书报告吗? 4.W本h单ic元h中 g的re哪at些 b好o书ok是s 你fr想om读 的th?is unit would you like to read? 70 UNIT 7A good book is like a good friend,the sametoday and forever. 一本好书如挚友,历久弥新。 70 UNIT 7Making a 8 UNIT Differenc e 我们为什么要帮助别人? Why should BIG we help Question others? 在本单元,你将: 看一看,分享一下 In this unit,you will Look and share 1. 谈论帮助他人的不同方式。 1. 照片里的人们在做什么? 1.talk about different ways of helping others. 1.What are the people in the photo doing? 2. 用现在完成时与“since”和“for”来表达持续时间。 2. 你认为他们的行为有帮助吗?为什么? 2.Do you think their actions are helpful? How so? 3.What are some ways you can help others?Look and share 1.What are the people in the photo doing? 2.Do you think their actions are helpful? How so? 3.What are some ways you can help others? 2.express duration using the present perfect tense with since and for. 3. 你能帮助他人的一些方式是什么? 3.identify the features of a speech. 3. 识别演讲的特点。 4.explore the benefits of volunteer work and the meaning of helping others. Making a Difference 4.探究志愿者工作的益处以及帮助他人的意 义。 CTIo 我们能做些什么来帮忙? A What can we do to 将行为和图片匹配 1a Match the actions with the pictures. clean up guide visitors visit the elderly 打扫 引导游客 看 g望i老ve人 d irections plant trees sort waste 指路 植树 听这三段采访并完成表格。 Listen to three interviews and complete the table. 人物 P e r s o n O r g a n i 组 za 织 ti on How long 时长 第一位发言者 The first speaker a(n) organization组织 since_ 自从 第二位发言者 The second speaker an art_ 一个艺术 for 长达 第三位发言者 The third speaker a(n)__organization 一个组织 For 长达 Listen again.Complete the sentences that different people say. Interview 1 采访一 再听一遍。补全不同的人所说的句子 1.“Excuse me,are you a here?” “打扰一下,你是这里的______吗?” 2.“I help the players and give .I the stadium after matches too.” 2“我帮运动员并提供 ______ 。 比赛结束后我也会提供 ______ 体育 采访二 场”. Interview 2 3. “我______带领游客逛博物馆,并提供关于______的信息。” _ ” 3.“I through the museum and provide information about the 4. “你看,我在大学里学习艺术______。” 4.“You see,I’m studying art at university.” Interview 3 5. 采“访我已3 经捡了三袋_____,还进行了______。” 5."I've picked up three bags of and 35 6. “我认为照看它是______的责 6."I think it's duty to look after it!” 任!” 1d 假设你的朋友是其中一名志愿者,分角色表演一段对话。 1d Imagine that your friend is one of the volu A n:te你e当rs志.R愿o者le多-p久la了y ?a conversation. B:我当志愿者已经有……了。 A:你在那里做些什么工作呢? B:哦,要做的事情可多啦!……义。1d 假设你的朋友是其中一名志愿者,分角色表演一段对话。 A:你当志愿者多久了? B:我当志愿者已经有……了。 A:你在那里做些什么工作呢? B:哦,要做的事情可多啦!……义。 A:How long have you been a volunteer? B:I've been a volunteer for ... A:What do you do there? B:Oh,many things!... 勾选三个你想在动物收容所做的活动。两人一组,谈论你的活动以及选择它们的原因。 Tick three activities you would like to do in an animal shelter.In pairs,talk about your activities and why you have chosen them. 喂养动物 为走失宠物寻找主人 □ feed animals □ find owners of lost pets □provide information提 a供b关ou于t 动a物ni的m信al息s □ c l e 打an扫 笼ca子ges 训练动物 筹集捐赠 □train animals □ collect donations □take care of sick animals □ walk dogs 听两段对话并回答问题。 Listen to two conversations and answer the questions. 1. 是什么激励罗伯特去做志愿者的? 1.What inspired Robert to volunteer? 2. 罗丝当志愿者多久了? 2.How long has Rose been a volunteer? 3.Why do you think the interviewer wants to know if Robert has taken care ofan animal before? 3. 你认为采访者为什么想知道罗伯特之前是否照顾过动物? 4.What words can you use to describe Robert and Rose?Give your reasons. 4. 你可以用哪些词来描述罗伯特和罗丝?给出你的理由。 Listen again.Complete the summary of the conversations. 再听一遍。完成对话的摘要。 罗伯特的朋友罗丝向他讲述了自己在动物收容所的______工作。 她说自己会打扫笼子、喂养动物。 friend Rose tells him about her work at an 她说自己会打扫笼子、喂养动物。 她还会照顾(动物们的)日常起居,并且收集(相关物资)。 an罗im伯a特l 也sh想e成lte为r.一S名he志 s愿a者ys, s于h是e 他 前 往 动 物 收 容 所th,e cages and_ _the Robert's a和ni那m里al的s.S一h位e 工a作ls人o 员lo进o行ks了 a一ft场er面 t谈he。 a n d c o l l e罗ct伯s特告诉面试官, Robert wants to become a volunteer too,so he goes to the animal shelter 和那里的一位工作人员进行了一场面谈。 罗伯特告诉面试官, 他以前养过一只宠物。他的宠物让他明白, and has a(n) with a person working there.Robert tells the interviewer that he used to have a _.His pet has taught h每im一 只 th 动 at 物 都 ev 很 er 珍 y 贵 , an 都 im 需 a 要 l 关 i 爱 s 。 罗 伯 特 主 动 提an出d, n愿ee意d每s 周lo来ve做.R一o次be志r愿t o工f作fe。rs to 角色扮演:罗伯特与面试官的对话 Role-play a conversation between 请R围ob绕e动rt 物a收nd容 所th,e 以in及te它rv为ie何w如er此.T重a要lk more about the animal shelter and what it is like 展开对话。 你可以用 to volunteer there.You can use the 问 题来帮助自己。 questions to help you. 这个收容所成立多久了? ● How long has the shelter been around? 这个收容所里有哪些动物? ● What animals does the shelter have? 你在这里工作多久了? ● How long have you worked here? 为什么你选择在这里工作? ● Why did you choose to work here? 我能做些什么来帮忙呢? ● What can I do to help?Making a Difference 73阅读这段对话。腾飞在哪里做志愿者?他帮助了哪些人(或对象)? Read the conversation.Where does Teng Fei volunteer?Who does he help? 埃拉: 嗨,腾飞。你暑假有什么计划呀? Ella: Hi,Teng Fei.What are your plans for the summer holidays? 腾飞: 我想和我的青年团体一起去养老院 Teng Fei:I think I’ll do some volunteer work at a 做些志愿工作。 nursing home with my youth group.I've 我从去年开始就在那里当志愿者了。 been a volunteer there since last year. 埃拉: 哦,你志愿工作都做什么? Oh!What do you do? Ella: 腾飞: 我会和老人们一起锻炼,帮他们保持活力。 Teng Fei:I exercise with the elderly to help them 有时候我会陪他们下象棋, stay active.Sometimes I play Chinese 甚至还教 chess with them.I've even taught some 过其中一些人怎么用手机。 of them how to use a mobile phone. 埃拉: 那真是太好了。他们的家人经常来看望他们吗? 。 E lla: That's great.Do their families visit them often? 腾飞: 有些人的家人会常来,但不是所有人都这样。很多老人都非常孤独。 Teng Fei:Some do,but not all.Many elderly people are very lonely. 埃拉: 这让我好难过。我们总有一天也会变老的,关心老人真的很重要。 That makes me sad.We'll all be old one day too.It's important to Ella: care for the elderly. 腾飞: 得太对了!要知道,他们其实有好多有趣的人生故事和经历可以跟我们分享呢。 Teng Fei:That's right!You know,they actually have so many interesting life stories and experiences to share with us. 埃拉: 我能加入你们的志愿者团队吗?我很乐意帮忙。 Ella: Can Ijoin your group of volunteers?I'd love to help. 腾飞: 当然可以!一起来吧!大家一起做志愿者特别有意思。 Teng Fei:Yes,come along!It's fun to volunteer together. 再读一遍,然后完成表格。 Read again and complete the table. 腾飞和埃拉的想法 腾飞的工作 Teng Fei's work Teng Fei's and Ella's thoughts 和老人们一起锻炼,以帮助 许多老人因为家人不能经常来 ● exercising with the elderly to ● Many of the elderly are ● t他ea们ch保in持g活 t力he。 elderly how to 我们必须关心老人。 我们 Because their families don't 教老人做****** We must_ the elderly.We will 未来某一天也会成为老人。 all one day too. ● We can learn from their . 我们可以学习他们的*****。 听对话,然后进行角色扮演 。 Listen to the conversation.Then role-play it. 假设你和你的搭档是志愿者,互相询问关于你们工作的问题。 3d Imagine that you and your partner are volunteers.Ask each other questions about your work. ● 你 W 在 h 哪 er 做 e 志 d 愿 o 服 yo 务 u ? v olunteer? 动物收容所 听从事什么类型的工作? 清洗笼子,喂养An动im物al, s遛h狗el,te*r****** ● What type of work do you do? clean cages,feed animals,walk dogs,… 你为什么在哪里做志愿服务? ● Why do you volunteer there? 博物馆 Museum 你做志愿者有多久了? g 给 iv 出 e 路 di 线 re 指 ct 引 io , ns 提 , 供 pr 信 ov 息 id , e * i ** n * f * o ** r mation,… ● How long have you been 公园 a volunteer? Park p i捡ck垃 u圾p ,l扫it树te叶r,,sw*e**e*p* **l eaves,… ● How does the work make 你认为这份工作怎么样? 医院 you feel? Hospital r 给ea孩d 子to们 k读i书ds,,t陪al病k 人wi聊th天 p,at**i*e**n*t*s ,… 74 UNIT 8Grammar FocUS 读句子。看“for” 和 “since” 的用法有何不同? Read the sentences.How are forand since used differently? 没去过。但是我的一个朋友在那做过一段时间志愿工 Have you been to our animal shelter 作No。,I。 haven't.But one of my friends has 你以前去过我们的动物收容所吗? volunteered here for a time. before? 她做过。自去年秋季她一直在养老院做志愿工作。 Yes,she has.She has been a volunteer at a Has she ever done volunteer work? nursing home since last August. 她曾经做过志愿工作吗? How long have you been avolunteer? I have been a volunteer here for a 你做志愿者有多久了? few month我s.做志愿者好几个月了。 How long has he worked as a He has volunteered here since his summer volunteer at the museum? holidays started. 他在博物馆做志愿者多久了? 自暑假以来他一直在博物馆做志愿工作。 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and and foror since. 琳达喜欢在军队服役。 她在联合国维和部队当医生 1.Linda likes serving in the army.She h a s b e e n (be)a doctor in United Nations Peacekeeping f o r five years. 已经五年了。 我成为红十字会员已经六年了。 我交了很多朋友 2. I h a v e b e e n (be)a member of the Red Cross for six years.I've made a lot of friends I joined the organization. since 自从加入这个组织后。 吴先生作为志愿者在一所学校教书,到现在已经两年了。 3.Mr Wu has taught in a primary school as a volunteer two years for 自从他在那工作以来,他已经帮助了很多学生。 now. he started working there,he h a s h e l p e d (help)many students. Since 4.The organization h a s t r a i n e d (train)over 6,000 elderly people s i n c e 该组织自 2023 年开始开设课程以来,已经培训了 6000 多名老年人。 it began to offer classes in 2023. 用括号内动词的正确形式完成短文。 ④c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 我热爱当志愿者! 我在一家体育机构工作至今已经将近三年了。 I love being a volunteer!I (work)with a sports organization for have worked 从开始到现在,我已经在十多个不同的体育赛事中提供过帮助了。 almost three years now.Since I started,I h a v e h e l p e d (help)out at over ten 我已经交到了很多新朋友,甚至还见到了不少著名的运动员。 different sports events.I (make)many new friends andI have made even h a v e m e t (meet)many famous athletes.For example,I met 列如,我上个月见到了两位来自阿根廷的国家足球队队员。 (meet)two national football players from Argentina last 他们当时在一个体育场参加慈善比赛。 month.They were at a stadium for a charity match.The 那个体育场特别大,以至于他们迷路了。 stadium w a s (be)so big that they g o t (get) 我给他们指了路, lost.I gave them directions and they s m i le d (smile) 他们笑着热情地向我道谢。 and (thank)me warmly.Before they left,I thanked 他们离开前,我让他们在一个足球上给我签了名,, (ask)them to sign a football for me,and they asked 他们也确实签了!他们说很高兴能见到 (do)!They said they were happy to meet did 一位来自其他国家的球迷! a fan from a different country! 分组进行活动。用下面的问题采访你的组员。 Work in groups.Interview your groupmates using the questions below. Share the answers with the class. 然后向全班分享采访结果。 你认识你最好的朋友 / 那个女孩 /…… 多久了? ● known your best friend/that girl /..? 你已经…… 多久了? 你拥有你最喜欢的玩具 / 包 /…… 多久了? How long have you ● had your favourite toy/bag/..? ● lived in this town/your neighbourhood/..? 你住在这个城镇 / 你家所在的街区 /…… 多久了? Making a Difference 75CTI 帮助他人是如何产生影响的? How does helping others make a 看看一些蓝天救援志愿者的图片,然后讨论这些问题。 Look at the pictures of some Blue Sky Rescue volunteers and discuss the questions. 你认为穿蓝色衣服的志愿者们在做什么? 1.What do you think the volunteers in blue are doing? 你听说过关于蓝天救援的故事吗? stories about Blue Sky Rescue? 2.Have you heard any 识别一个……的特征: 演讲可以以一个热点开头, 让听众对演讲者接下来要说的内容产生好奇。 一个故事、一个有趣的…… 一篇演讲也可以通过鼓励人们采取行动 s来pe包a含ke一r w个i行ll s动a号y n召e。xt.A story,an 阅读一位蓝天救援志愿者的演讲。演讲者使用了哪种 “钩子”(开场技巧)? Read the speech by a Blue Sky Rescue volunteer.What kind of hook does the 哪一段包含行动号召? speaker use?Which paragraph includes a call to action? 女士们、先生们,感谢你们今天邀请我来向大家介绍蓝天救援。 and gentlemen,thank you for inviting me to speak to you about 让我从自己的故事开始讲起。 早在 2008 年,我和一些朋友在山里徒步时, 其中一人摔倒了,头部受了重伤。 我们必须尽快寻求帮助,于是拨打了紧急电话。 Ladies 当时天已经黑了,我们甚至看不清自己在哪里。 Blue Sky Rescue today.Let me begin with my own story. 过了一会儿,我们听到了狗叫声和蓝天救援队队员的声音。 Back in 2008,I was h我ik差in点g 哭in了 出th来e。 m我o们u非nt常ai感ns激 他w们ith找 到so了m我e 们f!riends when one of them fell and got a bad head injury.We had to find help quickly,so we called an emergency number.It was already dark,and we 我从未忘记那一天。从那以后,我也想帮助别人。 couldn't even see where we were.After some time,we heard dogs barking 我在 2009 年报名加入了蓝天救援,从那以后就一直是志愿者。 and the voices ofthe Blue Sky Rescue team.I nearly started crying.We were 我们去过学校和其他社区,教儿童和成人如何保障自身安全,以及如何为最坏的情况做准备。 so thankful that they found us! 我们还在紧急情况下救人。 我们提供医疗援助,并在自然灾害后搜救失踪人员, I've never forgotten that day.Since then,I've wanted to help others 比如 2013 年的雅安地震,以及同年菲律宾的台风灾 too.I signed up with Blue Sky Rescue in 2009,and I've been a volunteer ever 害。 since. We've been to schools and other communities to teach children andCTI How does helping others make a Look at the pictures of some Blue Sky Rescue volunteers and discuss the UNIT 82023 年,我们甚至远赴土耳其等地提供帮助! in the Philippines in the same year.In 2023,we even helped in places as far away as Türkiye! 担任志愿者让我学会了许多实用的救生技能。 Working as a volunteer has taught me many practical life-saving skills.It 它还帮助我理解了团队合作的力量,因为这是救援行动取得成功的关键。 has also helped me understand the power of teamwork because it's the 它还帮助我理解了团最队重合要作的的是力,量成,为因志为愿这者是让救我援懂行得动了取每得条成生功命的的关价键值。。 key to successful rescues.Most of all,being a volunteer has taught me the value of every life. 最重最这 要重份 的要工 是的作 ,是很 成,艰 为成难 志为。 愿志它 者愿是 让者志 我让愿 懂我性 得懂质 了得的 每了, 条每所 生条以 命生我 的命们 价的没 值价有 。值报。酬。我们经常忍饥挨饿、熬夜不眠。 The work is difficult.It's voluntary,so we aren't paid.We often go 但我们的目标始终是尽可能多地拯救生命。 without food or sleep.But our goal has always been to save as many people 我只是个普通人,但我会冲向危险,就像蓝天救援的其他所有人一样。 as we can. I’m just an ordinary person,but I'llrush into danger,just like 对最于重我要们的拯是救,过成的为人志以愿及者他让们我的懂亲得人了来每说条,生我命知的道价值。 everyone else in Blue Sky Rescue.To the people we've saved and their 我对们于就我是们他拯们救的过英的雄人。以而及这他让们我的们亲所人做来的说一,切我都知变道得值得。 loved ones,I know we're their heroes.And that makes everything we do 我们就是他们的英雄。而这让我们所做的一切都变得值得。 我们想做更多事,但仅凭我们自己无法完成所有工作。你愿意加入我们成为一名志愿者吗? worth it.We want to do even more,but we can't do it all alone.Will you 携手同心,我们定能带来改变! join us as a volunteer? Together we can make a difference! 2023 年,我们甚至远赴土耳其等地提供帮助! Read the speech again.Write the correct paragraph number next to each 1c paragraph summary. 演讲者分享了他从志愿经历中学到的东西。 The speaker shares what he has learnt from his volunteer experience. 演讲者讲述了自己如何结识蓝天救援的故事。 The speaker tells a story about howhe got to know Blue Sky Rescue. 演讲者邀请听众加入蓝天救援成为志愿者。 The speaker invites the audience to volunteer with Blue Sky Rescue. 演讲者向听众致意并表示感谢。 The speaker greets the audience and thanks them. The speaker talks about the work the Blue Sky Rescue 演讲者讲述了蓝天救援志愿者所做的工作。 volunteers have done. 再读一遍演讲稿并回答以下问题。 Read again and answer the questions. 1.When did the speaker join Blue Sky Rescue?Why did he join the 演讲者何时加入蓝天救援?他为什么要加入这个组织? organization? 2.What has he learnt from his volunteer experience? 他从志愿经历中学到了什么? 3.What are some difficulties the Blue Sky Rescue volunteers face? 蓝天救援志愿者面临哪些困难? 4.Why is the speaker willing to put his life in danger? 演讲者为什么愿意置身险境? 5.What qualities do you think a Blue Sky Rescue volunteer should have? 你认为蓝天救援志愿者应具备哪些品质? How do you understand the sentences below?Discuss your opinions 1e 你如何理解下面这些句子?以小组为单位讨论你们的观点。 in groups. The rose in your hand, others,help yourself. the sweet smell in H e l p帮助别人,就是帮助自己。 mine. 赠人玫瑰,手有余香。 Today you,tomorrow me. 今日助你,明日助我。 Making a Difference 77Vocabulary in Use 词汇运用 根据提示,在字谜中填入正确的单词。 2a Write the correct words in the puzzle with the help of the clues. 纵向 Down 1 G 1.对a 男p性ol的it礼e 貌t称er呼m for a man 2V A 3L U E 4P 3对.a女 p性o的li礼te貌 t称e呼rm for a woman A N R 4重.f要ir性s居t 首in的 importance D T I 6精.f力u充ll沛 o且f 总e在ne忙rg碌y 的and always on the go Y L 5M E M BER A横cr向oss E A 2.th 某 e 物 w 的 or 价 th 值 o 或 r 重 i 要 mp 性 ortance of something 6A M R 属于某5个.团a 体pe或rs组on织 的wh人o belongs to a group or an 7C H A R I T Y 帮助o有r需ga要ni者za的t组i 织7.an organization that helps on T N 寻找t某h物os或e 某i人n need 8.to look for something or I someone V 用括号里的单词完成句子。 S E A R C H 8 2b Complete the sentences with the words in brackets. 警方已在街区内搜寻那个失踪的孩子。他的父母非常想念他。 1.The police have searched the neighbourhood for the m i s s _child. His parents him very much.(miss,missing) missing 每个人都想变得成功。但要获得成功,你需要有明确的目标并坚持下去。 2.Everybody wants to be s u c c e s s f u l .But to achieve s u c c e s s ,you need to have a clear goal and stick to it.(success,successful) 布莱克先生在医院做了一次医疗检查。医生给了他一些治疗喉咙的药物。 3.Mr Black had a examination in the hospital.The doctor medical gave him sommee d i c i n e for his throat.(medicine,medical) 她是一名教儿童的老师。她相信今天的年轻人将帮助为所有人创造更美好的未来。 4.She works as a teacher of y o u n g children.She believes the youth of today will help to create a better future for all.(youth,young) 我的哥哥在养老院做志愿者,因为他想帮助老年人。 5.My brother volunteers at the nursing home because he elder wants to help the .(elder,elderly) elderly 用方框里的短语补全短文,并使用动词的正确形式。 2c Complete the passage with the phrases in the box.Use the correct forms ofthe verbs. 提供援助 发挥作用 捐零花钱 provide aid make a difference donate pocket money sign up be值 w得o努rt力h the clean up 报名 打扫干净 effort 11 岁的哈里想为社区出份力。两年前,他和妈妈 _ Eleven-year-old Harry wanted to help out his community.He and his mum 在当地一家慈善机构报了名,从那以后, with a local charity organization two years ago,and he signed up 他每周都会去那里工作一次,为有需要的人提供援助。 has worked there once a week ever since to to people in provide aid 他帮忙清理厨房,并给人们分发热饭。 need. He helpsc lteoa n u p the kitchen and hand out hot meals to 当看到受助者脸上露出笑容时,哈里意识到自己的工作很值得努力。 people. Harry realized that h iwsa sw woorkrt h t h e e f f o r t when he saw the smiles on the faces of the people he helpedd.oHnaarteryd pohcakset m oenveeyn make a difference. 哈里甚至还捐了零花钱给这个机构,帮他们为特殊节日采购食物! 他的事迹告诉我们, to the organization to help them buy food for special festivals!His work 任何人都能发挥作用。 shows us that anyone can make a difference. · _78 UNIT 8阅读这则广告,并给每个部分标注出核心主题。 Read the advertisement and label each part with the main topic. A. 志愿者需要具备哪些素质和技能 A.what qualities and skills volunteers need to have B. 这个志愿者项目是关于什么的(即项目内容) B.what the volunteering programme is about C. 如何报名成为志愿者 C.how to sign up as a volunteer D. 志愿者需要履行哪些职责 D.what duties volunteers will carry out 招募学生志愿者 STUDENT VOLUNTEERS WANTED 你想为他人的生活带来改变吗?加入我们,成为国际学生的朋友吧! Do you want to make a difference in someone's life? Join us to be a friend to our international students! 作为志愿者,你的工作职责 Your tasks as a volunteer 带学生们游览你的家乡。 Take the students on a tour of your hometown. 教他们日常实用的中文表达。 Teach them useful Chinese expressions for daily use. 向他们介绍中国文化。 Introduce Chinese culture to them. 我们希望 We hope … 你愿意志愿帮助他人。 you are willing to volunteer to help others. 你熟悉各类艺术形式,比如中国舞、书法、音乐等。 you are familiar with the arts:Chinese 你英语说得好。 dance,calligraphy,music,etc. you speak good English. 你善于表达自己。 O you are good at expressing yourself. 想加入我们成为志愿者,只需给我们发一封邮件即可! 我们很想进一步了解 To volunteer with us,just drop us an email!We'd love to know more 你,包括你的技能特长,以及你作为青年志愿者的相关经历。 about you,your skills and talents,and your experience as a youth volunteer. 假设你正计划成为一名学生志愿者,请借助以下问题做好笔记。 Imagine that you are planning to be a student volunteer.Make notes with the help of these questions. 首先 你想成为什么样的人 / 做什么样的事? Beginning ● What wouldyou like to be/do? 你为什么想成为一名志愿者? 其次 ● Why do you want to be a volunteer? 你你为为什什么么想想成成为为一一名名志志愿愿者者?? 你为什么想成为一名志愿者? Body ● What skills or talents do you have? 你 你 具 具 备 备 哪 哪 些 些 技 技 能 能 或 或 特 特 长 长? ● What experience do you have as a volunteer? 你有过那些志 愿者经历? 最后 ● 你 W 为 hy 什 d 么 o 认 yo 为 u 自 th 己 ink 是 y 合 ou 适 a 的 re 人 a 选 g ? ood choice? Ending ● What other thoughts do you have about volunteering? 关于志愿服务,你还有其他哪些想法? 写一封邮件给学校,报名成为志愿者。可以借助你在 3b 部分整理的笔记来完成。 Write an email to the schoolto sign up as a volunteer.Use your notes in 3b to help you. 尊敬的先生 / 女士: Dear Siror Madam, 我看到了你们的招募启事,现在写信是为了…… I saw your advertisement,and I'm writing to.. Making a Difference 79计划 成立一个志愿者小组 *Project Start a volunteer group 教孩子们生活技能 和几位同学一起成立一个志愿者小组。以小组为单位,勾选你们最主要的三个目标。 Starta volunteer group with some classmates.In groups,tick your top three 你也可以选择其他自己感兴趣的目标。 goals. You can also choose something else you are interested in. 在博物馆为访客提供引导服务 帮助老年人 □ help elderly people □ guide visitors at museums □ he 帮lp助 p医eo院p里le的 i人n hospitals □ g 为 iv 贫 e 困 m 人 o 群 ne 捐 y 赠 o 钱 r 物 supplies to the poor 照顾动物 教孩子们生活技能 □ take care of animals □teach children life skills 清理自然区域(如公园、郊外) □ clean up natural areas 设计一张海报, 来我们社区体育俱乐部做志愿者吧! Design a poster to attract volunteers to your group. 吸引志愿者加入你的小组。 时间:每周六早上9点 Use the questions and 可以借助这些问题和示例来完成。 the example to help you. at our neighbourhood sports club! 你们的志愿者小组是做什么的? ● What does your volunteer group do? WHEN 你们正在帮助那些人? 9 a m.,Saturdays ● Who are you helping? Volunteer 志愿者需要做哪些工作? WHERE 地点:阳光公园 ● What work will Sunshine Park the volunteers do? 志愿者应具备哪些技能或能力? 我 W 们 H 会 O 教 TO 孩 C 子 O 们 NT 了 AC 解 T 不 联同系的方体式育运动,并鼓励他们锻炼身体。 ● What skills or abilities Sam Jones on 联系人:萨姆・琼斯(Sam should the volunteers have? Jones) 志愿者需要组织每周的活动,同时帮忙教孩子们 志愿者应需要多久参与一次工作? ● How often will 如何55进5-行56各77类 体 育 运电动话。:如55果5-你56擅77长运动, the volunteers 志愿w者o需rk要?了解哪些信息? We teach children about different sports and encourage them to exercise.Volunteers ● What information do the will organize weekly activities and help to volunteers need to know? teach children how to play different sports. 向全班介绍你们小组的活动内容,以及你认为大家应该加入的理由。 Tell the class about what your group does and why you think people should join it.Vote for the volunteer group you want t为o 你jo想in.加入的志愿者小组投票。 回R顾ef,le总c结t ing 人们可以做哪些类型的志愿工作? 1.What kinds of volunteer work can people do? 你能用 “现在完成时” 搭配 “since” 和 “for” 来表达持续时间吗? 2.Can you use the present perfect tense with since and forto express duration? 你能识别出一篇演讲稿中有哪些特点吗? 3.What features can you identify in a speech? 你能解释为什么志愿服务很重要吗? 4.Can you explain why volunteering is important? 你为帮助他人做过哪些事?能谈谈这件事吗? 5.What have you done to help others?Can you talk about it? essence of life is to serve others The and to do good. 生命的本质在于服务他人、行善积德。UNIT 8*Reading Plus 阅读提升 Unit 1 努力工作,尽情玩乐 Work Hard,Play Hard 当我们有很多重要的事情要做时,很难抽出时间培养爱好。 It can be hard to make time for a hobby when we have many important things to do.But hobbies might be more 但爱好可能比你想象的更重要。 important than you think. 像徒步旅行或打网球这类体育类爱好,能帮助你保持健康。 Physical hobbies like going hiking or playing tennis can help 它们能让你保持体型,甚至可以缓解压力、 you to stay healthy.They keep you fit,and they can even 改善记忆力和专注力。 其他类型的爱好 lower stress and improve your memory and concentration.Other types of hobbies 也能让我们保持健康。 一些科学家认为,创作音乐可以降低血压、增强体质。 can also keep us healthy.Some scientists believe that making music can lower our 其他类型的爱好 这能让我们更不容易生病。 blood pressure and make our body stronger.This makes it harder for us to fall sick. 演奏乐器还能让大脑保持年轻。 所以,如果你认为弹吉他 Playing an instrument also keeps our brains young.So,if you think that playing the 是浪费时间,不妨记住,这个爱好实际上是保持健康的好方法! guitar is a waste of time,remember that this hobby is actually a great way to stay healthy! 爱好对情绪健康也有好处。 绘画或写作等创意类爱好, Hobbies are also good foryouremotional well-being.Creative hobbies like painting or 能为你提供一个表达感受的途径,从而帮助你应对负面情绪, writing can help you deal with negative emotions by giving you a way to express 甚至还能让你自我感觉良好! 在一项研究中, how you feel.They can even make you feel good about yourself!In one 大多数参与者在进行了仅 45 分钟的艺术创作后,都表示自我感觉更有信心了! study,after just 45 minutes of making art,most of the participants reported feeling more confident in themselves! 不过,尽管爱好有很多益处,找到恰当的平衡也很重要。 However,while hobbies have many benefits,it is important to find the right 玩电脑游戏或网上聊天可能很有趣, 但这类爱好通常 balance. Playing computer games or chatting online may be fun,but such 需要长时间盯着屏幕, 可能会导致眼疲劳或睡眠质量差等问题。 hobbies usually involve a lot of screen time.That could cause problems such as 这些活动通常也是独自进行的,可能会让一些人感到孤独。 eye strain or poor sleep.These activities are also usually done alone,and that could 为什么不选择一项户外爱好呢?新鲜的空气、绿色的空间、 cause some people to feel lonely.Why not choose an outdoor hobby instead? 、宁静的环境 —— 这些都能帮助我们放松身心、感觉舒畅。 而且如果你去徒步旅行, Fresh air,green spaces, peace and quiet—these things help us to relax and feel 或者在公园放风筝,还可以带上朋友一起! 和朋友相处能减少孤独感, good.And if you go hiking or fly a kite in the park,you can take a friend with you! 也是建立人际关系的好方法。 Hanging out with friends reduces loneliness and can be a good way to build re无la论tio你n的sh爱ip好s.是什么,抽出时间去做都很重要。毕竟,只工作不玩耍, Regardless of what your hobby is,it is important to make time for it.After all,all 聪明的孩子也会变傻! work and no play makes Jack a dull boy! 81*Reading Plu阅读文本,事实类标 F,观点类标 O。 ① Read the text.Write Ffor facts or Ofor opinions. 爱好可能比你想象的更重要。 1.H o 爱 b 好 bi 可 es 能 m 比 i 你 gh 想 t 象 b 的 e 更 m 重 or 要 e 。 important than you think. ( O ) 徒步旅行可以缓解压力、改善记忆力。 2.Going hiking can lower stress and improve your memory. ( F ) 爱好可能比你想象的更重要。 弹吉他是保持健康的好方法。 3.Playing the guitar is a great way to stay healthy. ( O ) 爱好可能比你想象的更重要。 4.Most of the participants in one study reported feeling 一项研究中,大多数参与者表示在进行艺术创作后,自我感觉更有信心了。 more confident after creating art. ( F ) 爱好可能比你想象的更重要。 长时间看屏幕可能会导致眼疲劳和睡眠质量差。 5.Too much screen time can cause eye strain and poor sleep. ( F ) 爱好可能比你想象的更重要。 只工作不玩耍,聪明的孩子也会变傻。 6.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. ( O ) 爱好可能比你想象的更重要。 讨论下列问题。 ② Discuss the questions. 爱好对我们有益的两个主要方面是什么? 1.What are the two main ways in which hobbies can be good for us? 为什么有些人会认为 “弹吉他是浪费时间”? 2.Why might some people think that“playing the guitar is a waste of time? 作者所说的 “找到恰当的平衡很重要” 是什么意思? 3.What does the writer mean by"it is important to find the right balance 4.What do you think“All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy”means? 你认为 “只工作不玩耍,聪明的孩子也会变傻” 这句话是什么意思?你同意这种说法吗? Do you agree? 5.What is your favourite hobby?How does it help you? 你最喜欢的爱好是什么?它对你有什么帮助? 第二单元 Unit 2 All about Sneezing If yo关u 于 h打ad喷 嚏to的 li一st切 different ways of protecting yourself, sneezing probably would not be on the list.But when you sneeze,that is exactly what is happening.Sneezing helps you protect yourself from things like germs,dust, and smoke.In fact,it is the body's first defence against anything that tries to enter your body through the air. People cannot really control their sneezes.If something starts tickling the inside of our nose,our 如果让你列出保护自己的各种方法, brain takes over.It knows that something inside the nose should not be there,so it sends a message to th打e 喷b嚏od可y 能to不 g会e出t i现t o在u清t.单上。 但当你 打喷嚏时,它恰恰就在起到保护作用。 打喷嚏能帮助你抵御细菌、灰尘和烟雾等有害物质。 事实上,它是人体抵御任何 试图通过空气进入体内的异物的第一道防线。 人们无法真正控制自己的打喷嚏。 如果有东西开始刺激鼻腔内部, 大脑就会接管控制权。 大脑知道鼻腔里有不该存在的异物,于是就会向身体发送信号, 将其排出体外。 82 *Reading Plus当我们打喷嚏时,很多事情会在极短的时间内发生。 通常,我们的眼睛会闭上, When we sneeze,many things happen in a very short time.Usually,our eyes shut, 舌头会抵住上颚,腹部和胸部的肌肉会收紧。 our tongue presses against the top of our mouth,and the muscles in our stomach 接着,肺部会突然喷出一股气流,随后从鼻子排出。 and chest get tight.Next,there is a sudden blast of air coming out of our lungs 当气流从鼻子涌出时,会携带出细菌、灰尘和微小的水滴。 and then our nose.As the air goes out our nose,it carries germs,dust,and tiny drops of water with it. 一些不常见的事物也会让我们打喷嚏。例如,有些人 Some unusual things can also make us sneeze.For example,some people sneeze 就会打喷嚏。 如果有人患有过敏症,某些植物或动物 when they look at a bright light.If people have an allergy,certain plants or animals 也可能引发他们打喷嚏。 如果他们对某些植物过敏,可能会在这些植物开花 might also make them sneeze.If they are allergic to certain plants,they might sneeze 的季节频繁打喷嚏,其他季节则不会。 如果他们对狗或猫过敏 a lot in the seasons when the plants bloom,but not in others.If they are allergic 通常就不能养这类宠物。 to dogs or cats,they usually cannot have one as a pet. 虽然打喷嚏对打喷嚏的人有益,但对周围的人来说可能非常不利。 While sneezing is good for the person doing it,it can be very bad for the people 打喷嚏是疾病传播的一种方式。 一次打喷嚏产生的数百万个细菌, nearby.Sneezing is one way that diseases spread.Millions of germs from one sneeze 能以每小时 160 公里的速度传播约 8 米远! can travel up to about 8 metres at a spced of 160 kilometres per hour!These 这些细菌会停留在空气中,如果其他人吸入这些细菌,就可能生病。 germs can stay in the air,and if other people breathe in those germs,they can get sick如 果too你.要打喷嚏,一定要捂住口鼻。 之后,务必洗手。 If you sneeze,always cover your nose and mouth.After that,make sure to wash your 打喷嚏能帮助你的身体自我保护,而做到这两点,能帮助你保护其他所有人! hands.Sneezing helps your body protect itself,but doing this can help you protect everyone else! 阅读文本,写出粗体单词所指代的内容。 ① Read the text.Write down what the words in bold refer to. 但当你打喷嚏时,that 恰恰就是正在发生的事情。 1.But when you sneeze,that is exactly what is happening. 2.In fact,it is the body's first defence against anything that tries to 事实上,it 是人体抵御任何试图通过空气进入体内的异物的第一道防线。 enter your body through the air. It 知道鼻腔里有不该存在的异物,于是 it 向身体发送信号,将 it 排出体外。 3.It knows that something inside the nose should not be there,so it sends a message to the body to get it out. 如果 they 对某些植物过敏,they 可能会在这些植物开花的季节频繁打喷嚏,其他季节则不会。 4.If they are allergic to certain plants,they might sneeze a lot in the seasons when the plants bloom,but not in others. 5.After that,make sure to wash your hands. 在 that 之后,务必洗手。 6.Sneezing helps your body protect itself,but doing this can help you protect everyone else! 打喷嚏能帮助你的身体保护 itself,而做到 this 能帮助你保护其他所有人! Work in pairs.Use the mind map to make notes on what you should do 两人一组合作,利用思维导图记录下保护自己和他人安全应采取的措施。 to keep yourself and others safe.* Reading Plus● always carry with you 始终随身携带(某物)。 ● If you have ,avoid Before 如果你有(某种情况 / 疾病), the things that make you we sneeze 打喷嚏前 s请ne避ez开e那. 些会让你打喷嚏的东西。 What should we do when we sneeze? 当我们打喷嚏时应该做 什么? When ● av 避 oi 免 d 在 sn 他 ee 人 zi 面 ng 前 i 打 n 喷 fro 嚏 nt 。 of we sneeze others 捂住你的(身体部位)。 打喷嚏时 ● cover your After 纸巾 we sneeze · 打喷嚏后 the tissue paper 彻底清洗你的(身体部位)。 第三单元 Unit 3 笑是最好的良药 Laughter Is the Best Medicine Do you often laugh with friends?Do you giggle 你经常和朋友一起开怀大笑吗? 你会因笑话 at jokes?If you do,that is great,because just as 而咯咯笑吗?如果答案是肯定的,那太棒了,因为正如 the saying goes:Laughter is the best medicine! 俗语所说:笑是最好的良药! People start laughing from a young age.At around 人们从小就会笑。 婴儿在大约 three months old,babies learn to laugh.Even babies that cannot see or hear can 三个月大时,就开始学习笑。 即使是看不见、听不见的婴儿,也能发出笑声。 laugh. Laughter is a natural part of life!But why is it so important? 笑是生活中很自然的一部分!但它为何如此重要呢? First of all,laughter is good for our body.When we laugh,our body takes in more 首先,笑对我们的身体有好处。 当我们笑时,身体会吸入更多氧气。 oxygen.Every part of our body needs oxygen to work well.Laughter also makes our 身体的每个部位都需要氧气才能正常运作。 笑还能让身体“动起来”—— , body work out,Our heart,stomach,and even our shoulders work hard when we 笑的时候,我们的心脏、胃部,甚至肩膀都会努力 “工作”! laugh!But after we laugh,our muscles feel more relaxed.A good laugh can help you 但笑过之后,肌肉会感觉更放松。 一场畅快的笑能让你在 feel relaxed for up to 45 minutes.Over time,laughter helps our body to get stronger, 长达 45 分钟的时间里保持放松状态。 长期来看,笑能帮助身体变得更强健、抵御更多疾病, fight off more diseases,and even create special chemicals to help us feel less pain! 甚至能促使身体产生特殊化学物质,帮助我们减轻疼痛感!* Reading Plus笑对我们的情绪也有很多益处。 当我们笑时,会减少压力感和焦虑感, Laughter also has many benefits for our mood.When we laugh,it makes us feel less 原本看似糟糕的事情也会变得没那么难接受。 笑还会促使大脑释放能让我们感到 stressed or anxious,and things will not seem so bad.Laughing also causes our brain 平静和愉悦的化学物质。 科学家甚至认为, to release chemicals that make us feel calm and happy.Scientists even think that 经常微笑就足以增加大脑中这类化学物质的含量。 smiling often is enough to increase these chemicals in our brain. 但独自发笑往往没那么容易。当身边有人时,我们发笑的概率会增加 30 倍。 But it is not always easy to laugh on our own.We are 30 times more likely to laugh 一些科学家表示,笑能向他人传递 when we are around others.According to some scientists,laughter can show “我们希望拉近彼此距离” 的信号。 猴子会通过互相梳理毛发来表达友好, others that we want to be close to them.Monkeys clean one another's fur to show 而人类则会通过笑让他人知道自己没有恶意。 friendship.But people laugh so that others will know that they are being friendly. 有些人甚至会加入 “笑疗小组”。 虽然一开始他们是强迫自己笑,但听到其他人的笑声后, Some people even join laughing groups.Although they force themselves to laugh at 他们的笑就会变得发自内心! 没过多久, first,after hearing other people laugh,their laughter becomes real!Before long,the 整个小组的人都会笑得十分开怀。 没过多久, whole group of people is laughing hard. The next time you feel unhappy,try thinking about something funny.Although you 下次感到不开心时,不妨想想有趣的事情。 虽然 might not want to laugh when you are sad,doing so can make you feel better! 难过时可能没心情笑,但试着笑一笑,你会感觉好很多! 虽然 阅读文本并完成思维导图。 ① Read the text and complete the mind map. 减少压力感或焦虑感 take in more oxyge to feel less s t r e s s e d n Our_ heart help it work wenll o a r nxious stoma本ch。,and 我们的身体会吸入更多氧气,以帮助其正常运作。 本。 shouldersget 本。 a workout. 我们的心脏、胃部和肩膀会得到 “锻炼”。 Benefits of 情绪 第四单元 V Our Body Laughter Mood muscles more relaxed 身体 笑的益处 become 笑a过ft之er 后w,e 我lau们g的h.肌肉会变得更放松。 calm happy get s_tr_o_n_g_e_r, fight off more d_i_s_e_a_s_e,s feel and create chemicals to reduce ______ over time andbrain pain 变得更强壮,抵御更多疾病,并随着时间的 因为大脑b释ec放au的s化e 学of 物th质e ,ch而em感ic到a平ls 静和愉悦。 推移产生能减轻疼痛的化学物质 our 讨论以下问题。 Discuss the questions. 你认为笑最重要的益处是什么? 1.What do you think is the most important benefit of laughter? 有哪些方法能让我们笑得更多? 2.What are some ways to laugh more? 3.Would you want tojoin a laughter group?Why or why not? 你愿意加入笑疗小组吗?为什么愿意或不愿意? *Reading Plus第四单元 Unit 4 撒哈拉沙漠 The Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠位于非洲,覆盖了该大陆 30% 的面积。 Located in Africa,the Sahara Desert spreads across 30 per cent of the continent. 这片广阔的沙漠在阿拉伯语中也被称为 “大沙漠”,面积约 900 万平方公里。 This vast desert,also known as "the great desert"in Arabic,is about 9 million square 它的形成至少有 460 万年的历史,这意味着它是世界上最古老的地区之一。 kilometres in size.It is also at least 4.6 million years old.This means that it is one of the oldest places in the world. 所有沙漠都气候干燥,而撒哈拉沙漠既干燥又炎热。它是世界上最大的热沙漠。 All deserts are dry,and the Sahara is both dry and hot.It is the largest hot desert 我们可能会认为所有沙漠都是炎热的,但事实上,有些沙漠非常寒冷! in the world.We may think that all deserts are hot,but in fact some deserts are 例如,许多科学家认为南极洲就属于寒漠。 very cold!Many scientists believe that Antarctica,for example,is a type of cold d撒es哈e拉rt.沙漠的大部分区域是岩石地貌,但也有草原、湖泊、山脉,甚至还有 “沙海”。 Most of the Sahara is rocky ground.But there are also places with grass,lakes, “沙海” 正如其名 —— 看起来就像一片由沙子构成的海洋! mountains,and even sand seas.A sand sea is just what it sounds like—it looks like a 当风吹过时,沙子会泛起类似海浪的波纹。 sea of sand!When the wind blows,the sand looks like waves. 撒哈拉沙漠的生存环境十分恶劣。约有 200 万人居住在这里, 他们通常 Life in the Sahara is difficult.About two million people live in the Sahara.They 过着游牧生活,从一个地方迁徙到另一个地方。 撒哈拉沙漠中仅有少数区域存在水源,一些人 usually move from place to place.There is water in a few parts of the 会常年居住在这些有水的地方。 Sahara,and some people live in these places all year round. 能在如此干燥炎热的气候中生存的动物并不多, Not many animals can live in a place with such 它们必须具备适应环境的能力才能存活。 a dry and hot climate.They must adapt to 例如,骆驼可以长时间不喝水; survive. Camels,for example,go for a long time 一旦找到水源,它们能在 13 分钟内 without drinking water.When they do find 喝下超过 100 升水! water,they can drink more than 100 litres of it in 耳廓狐也生活在这片沙漠中, 它们有 13 minutes! Fennec foxes live in the desert 着巨大的耳朵,这些耳朵能帮助它们的身体保持凉爽。 too.They have large ears to help their bodies s 如 ta 今 y , co 这 ol 片 . 世界上最大的热沙漠还在不断扩大。 与一个世纪前相比, Today,the world's largest hot desert is getting even bigger.It is now about 10 per cent 它现在的面积大约增加了 10%。 但它为何会不断扩大呢?一些科学家认为, larger than what it was about a century ago.But why is it growing?Some scientists 部分原因与气候变化有关。 随着气温升高,非洲的夏季 believe that part of the reason is climate change.As temperatures rise,summers in 变得更加炎热,降雨量也随之减少。 水体面积不断缩小,地面则变得越来越干燥。 Africa grow hotter and less rain falls.Water bodies get smaller and the ground 如果我们不采取有效措施遏制气候变化,这片沙漠将会持续扩张! gets drier and drier.If we do not take effective measures to stop climate change,the desert will keep growing!阅读文本并完成思维导图。 Read the text and complete the mind map. The Sahara Desert about 9 million in Africa 撒哈拉沙漠 square kilometres 位于非洲 约为 900 万平方公 里 地理位置 名称 面积 Location Name Size about 10 per cent larger than what it 扩张趋势 at least 4.6 撒哈拉沙漠 形成历史 was about a Growth million years Age century ago.与一个 Sahara Desert old 世纪前相比,面积大 至少460 万年的 约增加了 10% 存在生命 历史 地理概况 Life Geography About two million people dry and hot 气候干燥且炎热 Camels、Fennec foxes Most of the Sahara is rocky ground.But 约有 200 万人在此居住。 there are also places with grass,lakes, 动物有骆驼、耳廓狐 mountains,and even sand seas. 大部分 区域是岩石地貌,但也有草原、湖泊、山 脉,甚至还有 “沙海”。 讨论以下问题。 ② Discuss the questions. 1.How is life in the desert different from other places where people live? 沙漠中的生活与人类居住的其他地区有何不同? 2.Would you like to visit the Sahara Desert or even live there for a while? 你愿意去撒哈拉沙漠游览,甚至在那里居住一段时间吗? 3.What do you think willhappen if the Sahara keeps getting bigger? What should we do about it? 如果你认为撒哈拉沙漠持续扩大,会发生什么?我们应该对此做些什么? 第五单元 Unit 5 追逐风暴:一份危险却重要的工作 Storm Chasing:A Dangerous but Important Job 你害怕强风暴吗?很多人都怕。 但你知道吗?有些人会主动外出 Are you afraid of big storms?Many people are.But did you know some people go out 追逐龙卷风。 这类风暴可能突然来袭,且移动速度极快,因此风暴追逐者 to chase tornadoes?Such storms can hit suddenly and move very quickly,so storm chasers always have to be prepared. 必须时刻做好准备。 *Reading Plus当龙卷风即将登陆时, 专业的风暴追逐者 When a tornado is about to hit,professional storm 会尝试靠近它, 以收集重要信息。 chasers try and get close to it to collect important 风暴追逐者蒂姆・萨马拉斯设计 information.Storm chaser Tim Samaras designed 并制造了多种用于研究龙卷风的仪器。 and built many different instruments for studying 在整个职业生涯中, 这位工程师 tornadoes.Throughout his career,the engineer 追踪过 120 多场龙卷风。 他常常 chased down more than 120 tornadoes.Often,he 在距离风暴仅几公里的地方,拍摄风暴发生时的画面。 filmed the storms while they were happening just a few kilometres away. 风暴来临时,追逐者会在龙卷风经过的路径上放置特殊设备。 During a storm,storm chasers put special equipment in the way of the tornado.The 这些设备会收集风速、气压等相关信息, equipment collects information about things such as wind speed and air pressure. 助力科学家做出更精准的天气预报。 这些信息甚至能帮助人们了解 This helps scientists to make better forecasts.It can even help people understand 风力的最大强度, 进而推动房屋建筑方式的改进。 how powerful the winds can be,and as a result,change how we build our houses. 追逐风暴或许令人兴奋, 但也伴随着极大的危险。 即便拥有专业知识和丰富经验, Storm chasing can be exciting,but also very dangerous.The storm chasers'knowledge 风暴追逐者也无法保证自身绝对安全。 2013 年 5 月 31 日,萨马拉斯 and experience are not always enough to keep them safe.On 31 May 2013,Samaras 和他的团队在美国俄克拉荷马州追逐埃尔里诺龙卷风时, and his team were chasing the El Reno tornado in Oklahoma,USA.To their surprise, 遭遇了意外 —— 这股龙卷风的移动轨迹完全超出预期, 不仅规模迅速扩大,速度和方向也突然改变。 the tornado behaved in an unexpected way.It grew rapidly and changed its speed and direction. 在那个可怕的日子里,出现了有记录以来规模最大的龙卷风。 它的宽度达 4.2 公里, On that terrible day,the largest tornado ever recorded appeared.It was 4.2 风速峰值超过每小时 480 公里。 当龙卷风 kilometres wide and had winds topping 480 kilometres per hour.While the tornado 向他们逼近时,萨马拉斯和团队成员拼命驾车逃离。 was moving towards them,Samaras and his team were driving as fast as they could. 不幸的是,龙卷风最终击中了他们的车辆,将车子像玩具一样抛向空中。车内三人全部遇难。 Sadly,when the tornado hit their car,it threw their car into the air like a toy.All three men in the car died. 蒂姆・萨马拉斯的故事令人悲痛, 但他的研究成果在气象科学领域仍发挥着重要作用。 The story of Tim Samaras is very sad,but his work continues to play an important 尽管追逐风暴依旧是一份危险的工作, 但追逐者的 role in weather science.Though storm chasing remains a dangerous job,the goal 目标始终是深入了解风暴, 从而保护人们的安全。 of storm chasers is to learn more about storms to keep people safe.For people like 对于萨马拉斯这样的人来说,这个目标让所有的风险都变得值得。 Samaras,that goal makes it all worth it. 阅读文本并完成摘要 ① Read the text and complete the summary. 龙卷风是一种风暴。它可能突然来袭,且移动速度非常快。 A tornado is a type off s t o r m .It can hsiut d d e n l y and move 风暴追逐者会靠近龙卷风,以收集重要信息。 vqeruyic k l y .Storm chasers get close to tornadoes to collect i m p o r t a n t in f o rm ation 这些信息能帮助科学家做出更精准的天气预报,也能改变人们建造房屋的方式。 This can help scientists to make better fo r e c a s t s .It can also change 然而,追逐风暴是一份极具危险性的工作。 how people bufiolrde c a s t s .However,storm chasing can be ad vaenrgye r o u s 2013 年,蒂姆・萨马拉斯和他的团队在追逐埃尔里诺龙卷风时不幸遇难。 job.In 2013,Tim Samaras and his team d i e d when they were chasing 但如今的风暴追逐者们仍在继续从事这项工作, the El Reno tornado.But storm chasers today continue to do such work. 他们的目标是保护人们的安全。 Their goal is to keep people Safe。 88 *Reading Plus讨论这些问题。 Discuss the questions. 成为一名优秀的风暴追逐者需要具备什么条件? 1.What do you need to be a goou storm chaser? 2.Would you like to be a storm chaser?Why? 你想成为一名风暴追逐者吗?为什么? 3.Do you know of any other dangerous jobs?Why do people do them? 你知道其他任何危险的工作吗?人们为什么会做这些工作? 第六单元 Unit 6 中国文化符号 Symbols of Chinese Culture Chinese culture is one of the oldest in the world,and it is rich in traditions and 中国文化是世界上最古老的文化之一,拥有丰富的传统与信仰。 beliefs. Many of the things you see,hear,or even taste in China may be symbols with 你在中国看到、听到甚至品尝到的许多事物,都可能是具有特殊意义的符号! special meanings! 龙 Dragons In many Western stories,dragons are frightening monsters. 在许多西方故事中,龙是令人恐惧的怪物。 However,people in China are not frightened of theml Instead, 然而,中国人并不惧怕龙。 相反, they think dragons are a symbol of power and good fortune. 他们认为龙是权力与吉祥的象征。 Chinese dragons are so popular in China that you can see 中国龙在中国非常受欢迎,你可以在许多地方看到它的身影, them in many places,such as vases,buildings,money,clothes, 比如花瓶、建筑、钱币、衣物、画作和珠宝上。 paintings,andjewellery!The word for “dragon”even appears “龙” 这个字甚至出现在人名和成语中。 in names and idioms.For example,"to hope that one’s 例如,“望子成龙” children become dragons”means that parents hope their 意为父母希望自己的孩子能在人生中取得成功。 children will do well in life.In China,people think dragons are so 在中国,人们认为龙的力量无比强大, powerful that they call themselves the descendants of the dragon! 因此称自己为 “龙的传人”。 红色 The colour red In China,red is a powerful colour with special meaning.Many 在中国,红色是一种具有特殊意义的重要颜色。 people think it brings good luck and wealth,so you will see 许多人认为红色能带来好运与财富,因此在春节等节日期间, red decorations such as paper cuttings,couplets,and lanterns 你会看到剪纸、对联、灯笼等红色装饰品。 during festivals like the Chinese New Year.People think red is 人们认为红色非常吉利, so lucky that they wear it during celebrations.At traditional 因此会在庆典期间身着红色衣物。 在中国传统 Chinese weddings,both the bride and groom wear red.In many 婚礼上,新郎和新娘都会穿红色服饰。 然而, other countries,however,red is not the colour of good luck but 在其他许多国家,红色并非吉祥之色,而是代表危险。 danger!People use red to show when a place or thing is 然而, 人们用红色来标识危险的地方或事物。 dangerous.*Reading Plus 89幸运数字 numbers Lucky Certain numbers are lucky in China because they sound like other Chinese words 在中国,某些数字被视为吉利数字,因为它们的发音与其他具有积极含义的中文词汇相近。 with positive meanings."Six",for example,sounds like“flow”.It 例如,“六” 的发音与 “流” 相近, symbolizes things going well.The number “two”is also lucky,because 象征着事情进展顺利。 “二” 也是吉利数字, 因为 the Chinese believe that good things come in pairs.“Eight” 中国人认为 “好事成双”。 “八” 的 sounds like a word which means“to make a fortune”,and it 发音与表示 “发财” 的词相近,象征着财富。 symbolizes wealth.Lastly,“nine”has the same pronunciation 最后,“九” 与汉字 “久” 发音相同, as the character“久”,which means"long lasting".So “nine"has “久” 意为 “长久”,因此 “九” come to symbolize a long life.On the other hand,“four”sounds 逐渐象征着长寿。 另一方面,“四” 的发音 like “death”.Some people find this number so unlucky that they 与 “死” 相近。 有些人认为这个数字非常不吉利, 甚至 avoid using it in their phone numbers.But China is not the only place 会避免在电话号码中使用它。 但并非只有中国有特殊寓意的数字。 with special numbers.In America,for example,"seven"is a lucky number 比如在美国,“七” 是吉利数字, while "thirteen"is an unlucky number. 阅读文本并完成思维导图。 ① Read the text and complete the mind map. 西方故事 其他国家 美国 Western stories Other countries America 吉祥数字:七 lucky: seven a symbol of 不吉祥数字:十三 wealth unlucky: thirteen 财富的象征 龙 红色 数字 Cultural Dragons Red Number symbols 权力与吉祥的象征 好运与财富的象征 吉祥数字 文化符号 a symbol of_power and a symbol of_g o o d luckth 象征 luc 事 ky 事 : 顺利 good fortune a _ nd wealth 象征好事成 6 双 things going well 出现在剪纸、春联和灯笼 symbolizes 2 good things coming in pairs 这类装饰中 象征财富 出现在人名和成语中。 appear in symbolizes 8 wealth 象征长寿 appear in names and decopraaptieorn csu litktien gs, symbolizes a long life idioms. couplets, and lanterns 9 symbolizes_ 中国人称自己为 “龙的传人”。 人们会在春节、中国传统 不吉祥数字 Chinese people duPreinogp lcee wleebarar tiiotns 婚礼这类庆祝活动中身着红色 4 听起来像 “死” call themseltvhees . like t h e C h in. ese New unlucky: "death" descendantsfortune Year and traditional 4 sounds like of the dragon! Chinese weddings。 中国 中国 中国 假设你是中国的一名导游, 关于中国文化符号, ② Imagine that you are a tour guide in China.What additional information 你还能给游客提供哪些额外的信息? can you give tourists on Chinese cultural symbols? 90 'R 7I第七单元 Unit7 《男孩与小精灵》 The Boy and the Elf (改编自塞尔玛・拉格洛夫的《尼尔斯骑鹅旅行记》) (Adapted from Selma Lagerlöf's The Wonderful Adventures of Nils) [Nils,a young Swedish boy,is standing next to a desk.His parents are by the door,ready to 他的父母在门边,准备出门。】 leave.] 妈妈:尼尔斯,我们要出去了。 你一定要好好学习, Mother: Nils,we're going out.Make sure you study,and don't be mean to the farm 别欺负农场里的动物。 animals. Nils: I haven't been mean to the animals in 尼尔斯: 我好久没欺负它们了。 ages. Father: Yesterday you pulled the cat's tail. 爸爸: 昨天你还拽猫尾巴呢。 Mother: And you ran after the hens. 妈妈: 你还追着母鸡跑。 Father: And we've just caught you throwing 爸爸: 而且我们刚撞见你拿鞋子扔奶牛。 shoes at the cow. Nils: [Laughing.]Okay.I promise to be 尼尔斯:(笑着说)好吧好吧。我保证会乖乖的! good! [Nils's parents shake their heads and 【尼尔斯的父母摇了摇头,离开了。尼尔斯叹了口气, leave.Nils sighs and sits down.] 坐了下来。】 Nils: Reading is so boring!I haven't had 尼尔斯: 读书太无聊了!我好久没好好玩过了。 any fun for so long.I wish something would happen. [An elfenters quietly through the front door.Nils sees it.] 【一个小精灵悄悄从前门进来了。尼尔斯看见了它。】 Nils: An elf!I've never seen one of those before...I'm going to catch it! 尼尔斯:一只小精灵!我从来没见过这东西…… 我要抓住它! [Nils catches the elf.] 【尼尔斯抓住了小精灵。】 Elf: [Screaming.]Let me go!'ll give you an old coin. 小精灵:(尖叫着)放开我!我给你一枚旧硬币! Nils: '’m not sure...What else have you got? 尼尔斯:这可不一定…… 你还有别的什么吗? A silver spoon...and a big gold coin! Elf: 小精灵:一把银勺子…… 还有一枚大金币! Nils: Okay ...I could let you go. 尼尔斯:好吧…… 我或许可以放你走。 Elf: Thank you! 小精灵:谢谢你! Nils: But actually,I don't think I will.Come herel 尼尔斯:但其实嘛,我觉得我不会放的。过来! [There is a loud BANG,and Nils falls over. When he gets up,the elf has disappeared, 【一声巨响,尼尔斯摔倒了。等他爬起来时,小精灵已经不见了, and Nils has become smaller. The elf has turned him into another 而他自己变得小小的 —— 小精灵把他变成了另一个小精灵!】 elf!] Nils: Where has that elf gone?And why has the desk got 尼尔斯:那小精灵跑哪儿去了?还有,这书桌怎么变大? bigger?*Reading Plus 91[He walks outside and sees a cat,a hen,and a cow.All are now bigger than him.] 【他走到外面,看见一只猫、一只母鸡和一头奶牛。现在它们都比他大了。】 Nils: Wow,the animals have grown bigger too. 尼尔斯:哇,这些动物也长得更大了。 Cat: We haven't got bigger,Nils.You've got smaller. 猫: 我们没变大,尼尔斯。是你变小了。 Hen: You’re smaller than us now,actually. 母鸡:说实话,你现在比我们还小呢。 Cow: You've been mean to us,Nils.And now you're going to pay the price. 奶牛: 你以前总欺负我们,尼尔斯。现在你要付出代价了。 Nils: Oh,I'm really sorry about all that.But look,could you help me find that elf? 尼尔斯:哦,之前的事我真的很抱歉。不过你们看,能帮我找到那个小精灵吗? I need him to turn me back into a boy. 我需要他把我变回到原来的样子。 Cat: Get him! 猫: 抓住他! [The animals chase after Nils.] 【动物们开始追尼尔斯。】 阅读剧本并完成摘要。 ① Read the play and complete the summary. Nils's parents are The elf uses 尼尔斯的父母是农民。。 farmers .The 小精灵用魔法把尼尔斯 他们让他做些家务 magic to turn Nils 现在尼尔斯比农场里 y tell him to do 变成了一个小男孩, 杂事,并且不许他对 inat otiny boy Nils is smaller some chores 然后消失了。 than the farm 农场动物刻薄。 Nils m e e t s an an 动物们还要小。 and not to 尼尔斯遇到了一个小精灵, animals now.They elf and refuses to d disappears. start to bully be mean to 却表现得没有礼貌。 thirteen Apologize 它们开始欺负尼尔斯, him because he has tthhee farm animals. 。 been m e a n 因为他之前一直对 _to them. 它们很刻薄。 问题讨论 Discuss the questions. 你认为尼尔斯接下来会发生什么事? 1.What do you think will happen to Nils next? 2.Do you think Nils will be able to turn back into a boy? 你认为尼尔斯能变回男孩吗?读这些谚语,选出与剧本最匹配的一句。 讨论 ③ Read the proverbs and choose the best match for the play.Discuss whether the other proverbs match any stories you know. 其他谚语是否与你知道的任何故事相匹配。 ● Slow and steady wins the race. 稳扎稳打,终能获胜。 ● Be happy with what you have. 知足常乐。 ● No act of kindness is ever wasted. 善举从来不会白费。 ● Little by little does the trick. 积少成多,终能成功。 ● Do unto others as they would do unto you. 此谚语与剧本最匹配 己所不欲,勿施于人。 · Our greatest weaknesses can also be our greatest strengths. 我们最大的弱点,也可能成为我们最大的优势。 第八单元 Unit 8 首页 关于我们 文章 联系我们 HOME ABOUT POSTS CONTACT 19:03 PM 与众不同的志愿者 Unusual Volunteers “过来呀!多好的孩子呀!” 去医院看望妈妈时,我万万没想到会从她嘴里听到这句话。 “Come herel What a good boy!”Those were words I never expected to hear from my mum when I visited her in hospital.Mum has been sick for a long time now,and she often 妈se妈em生ed病 很sa久d了 a,nd平 时ti总re是d显.I得 d既i难dn过’又t 疲e惫xp。ec t t o h e a r h e r l a u g h i n g 我.I压t 根h没as been a long time since I heard my 指望能听到她笑出声来。已经有好长时间,我没听过妈妈的声音这么开心了! Linda mum sounding so happy!But when I rounded the corner,l 琳达 understood everything.可当我转过拐角,一切就都明白了。 Mum had a very unusual visitor—a golden retriever! A regular volunteer at the hospital,Anna,was there with her 安th娜e是ra医py院 的do常g驻,B志an愿jo者.,An她na带 着wa自s己 k的in治d疗 e犬n班ou卓gh也 在to那 儿sh。are her story with me . A n a n i m a l l o v e安r娜 f热ro心m地 a跟n我 e讲ar了ly她 的ag故e事,A。nna has always had a dog or t w o a 她t 从ho小m就e 热si爱nc动e物,从很小的时候起,家里就一直养着一两只狗。 she was young.Often,just playing with them was enough to help her 很多时候,漫长的一天过后,只要和狗狗们玩玩, feel happy and relaxed after a l就on足g以 d让a她y.感B到ut开 心on又e放 松da。y,Anna realized that not e但v有er一y天on,e安 w娜a意s 识l到u,cky enough to 并不是每个人都有幸能养宠物。 have a pet.She started thinking: 她开始琢磨: What could she do?Could she work 自wi己t能h 做h些er什 么ow呢n? d o g s t o 能h不el能p和 o自t家he的r狗s?狗 一起做点什么来帮助别人呢? * Reading Plus 93Before long,she found the answer.Today,Anna and Banjo often visit 没过多久,她就找到了答案。 如今,安娜常会带着班卓 places like hospitals and nursing homes to bring a moment of joy to 去医院、养老院这类地方,给那些生病、伤心、孤独或是有残疾的人带去片刻欢乐。 people who are sick,sad,lonely,or disabled.Banjo has worked as a 班卓当治疗犬 therapy dog for almost three years.When people are stressed,it often 已经快三年了。 人在压力大的时候, takes them longer to get better.A therapy dog helps people feel 康复往往需要更长时间。 而治疗犬通常只要待在身边, better and be less stressed,often just by being there!At the 就能帮人们感觉好一些、减轻压力! 在医院里,妈妈摸了摸 hospital,Mum petted Banjo,gave him a snack,and even threw a small 班卓,给了它零食,甚至还扔了个小球让它去接。 ball for him to catch.This made her forget that she was sick,if only for 这让她暂时忘了自己在生病 —— 哪怕只有一小会儿。 a moment. For people like my mum,moments like this are very valuable.She 对我妈妈这样的人来说,这样的时刻格外珍贵。 always looks forward to my visits,but now she also looks forward to 她一直盼着我去看她, 但现在,她还盼着能再见到安娜和班卓。 seeing Anna and Banjo again.If I′m lucky enough to have a dog of 如果将来我有幸能拥有一只自己的狗, my own in the future,I'll try to volunteer just like Anna and Banjo! 我也要像安娜和班卓一样去做志愿者! 读琳达的博客文章,判断这些话可能是谁说的。 Read Linda's blog post.Who is likely to have said these things?Write 写出正确的名字,部分名字可以重复使用。 the correct names.Some names can be used more than once. Linda Mum Mum's doctor Anna 琳达 妈妈 妈妈的医生 安娜 谁 他们说什么 Who What they said 琳达 “I'm so happy Banjo and Anna visited my mum!” “班卓和安娜来看我妈妈,我太开心了!” 妈妈的医生 "I think therapy dogs are good for my patients." “我认为治疗犬对我的病人有好处。” “I'm taking Banjo to the hospital today. ” 安娜 “我今天要带班卓去医院。” 妈妈 "I can't wait to see Banjo again next week!" “我等不及下周再见到班卓了!” 琳达 “I wish everyone was lucky enough to have a dog!” “我真希望每个人都能幸运地拥有一只狗!” 问题讨论 Discuss the questions. 1.How can therapy dogs help people to feel less stressed? 治疗犬如何帮助人们减轻压力? 2.What qualities do you think a therapy dog should have? 你认为治疗犬应该具备哪些特质? 3.Can you think of any other ways to help people in hospital? 你能想到其他帮助住院患者的方法吗? 94Listening Scripts 听力原文 第一单元 放松时刻 Unit 1 Time to Relax SectionA,1band Ic A 部分,1b 和 1c Interview I 采访 1 Adam: Hey Teng Fei!I’m doing a survey on free-time activities.Could you help? 亚当:嘿,滕飞!我正在做一项关于业余活动的调查。你能帮忙吗? Teng Fei:HiAdam.Sure!Ask away. 滕飞:嗨,亚当。当然可以!问吧。 Adam: What do you usually do when you're free? 亚当:你空闲的时候通常做什么? Teng Fei:Hmm.I like programming.I do it after school. 滕飞:嗯,我喜欢编程。放学后我会做编程。 Adam: Oh,are you creating an app? 亚当:哦,你在开发一款应用程序吗? Teng Fei:That's right.Ialso like hiking at the weekend.It's a great form of exercise. 滕飞:没错。我周末还喜欢徒步旅行。这是一种很棒的锻炼方式。 Interview 2 采访 2 Adam: How do you spend your free time,Helen? 亚当:海伦,你业余时间怎么过? Helen: Well,I love painting pictures. 海伦:嗯,我喜欢画画。 Adam: How did you get into it? 亚当:你是怎么开始画画的? Helen: Oh,I saw my mother paint when I was young.I decided to give it a go too! 海伦:哦,我小时候看到妈妈画画。我也决定试一试!画画能帮助我表达自己的感受。 Painting helps me to express how I feel. Adam: Isce! 亚当:原来是这样! Interview 3 采访 3 Adam: What do you do in your free time,Chen Jie?Do you do sport? 亚当:陈杰,你业余时间做什么?你做运动吗? Chen Jie:No,not really.But I like to play the flute. 陈杰:不,不太做。但我喜欢吹长笛。 Adam: Wow!Isn't that difficult? 亚当:哇!那是不是很难? Chen Jie:It was very difficult at first.I needed to practise a lot! 陈杰:一开始确实很难。我需要大量练习! Adam: And is it easier now? 亚当:现在变容易了吗? Chen Jie:It's never easy,but it's more fun now.I do it to relax these days. 陈杰:从来都不容易,但现在更有乐趣了。这些天我吹长笛是为了放松。 SectionA,2band 2c A 部分,2b 和 2c Fu Xing:Hi Emma,how was your weekend? 傅兴:嗨,艾玛,周末过得怎么样? Emma: It was OK,but now Ihurt all over! 艾玛:还行,但现在我浑身酸痛! Fu Xing:How come? 傅兴:怎么会这样? Emma: I went to the sports centre to try ice skating.People looked so beautiful doing it! 艾玛:我去体育中心尝试滑冰了。人们滑冰的时候看起来真美啊!但我没料到会摔这么多次! But I didn’t expect to fall so many times! Fu Xing:Oh dear! 傅兴:哦,天哪! Listening Scripts 95Emma: I don’t want to go ice skating again. 艾玛:我再也不想去滑冰了。 Fu Xing:Why?Nobody expects you to be perfect from the start. 傅兴:为什么呀?没人会指望你一开始就做得很完美。 Emma: My instructor said that too.She also encouraged me to get back up whenever I 艾玛:我的教练也这么说。她还鼓励我,不管什么时候摔倒,都要重新站起来。 fell.She told me not to give up so easily. 她告诉我别这么轻易放弃。 Fu Xing:Everything's difficult before it's easy.Like swimming.I love it now,but I used to 傅兴:凡事都是先难后易嘛。就像游泳,我现在特别喜欢,但以前我特别怕水。 be scared of water. Emma: Really? 艾玛:真的吗? Fu Xing:Yes.I started swimming to get over my fear.Slowly,I became more confident.I 傅兴:真的。我当时学游泳就是为了克服恐惧。慢慢地,我越来越有信心, 现在在 have fun being in the water now! 水里就觉得特别开心! Emma: You're right.I'll try ice skating again! 艾玛:你说得对。我会再试试滑冰的! Unit 2 Stay Healthy SectionA,1band 1c A 部分,1b 与 1c 对话一 Conversation I Jenny: You don’t look well.What's wrong,David? 珍妮:你看起来不太舒服,大卫,怎么了? David: Ihave a stomachache.I ate too much at my friend's birthday party yesterday. 大卫:我肚子疼。昨天在朋友的生日聚会上,我吃太多了。 Jenny: Oh no!Why did you eat so much? 珍妮:哦,怎么会吃那么多呀? David: I couldn’t help myself!The food was too delicious.My friend's mother cooked 大卫:我实在忍不住嘛!那些食物太好吃了,都是我朋友的妈妈亲手做的。 everything herself. 对话二 Conversation 2 Sarah: Are you OK,Ben?Did you hurt yourself? 萨拉:本,你还好吗?有没有受伤? Ben: Yes,I fell during the football game yesterday.It seemed OKat first,but now Ihave 本:不好,我昨天踢足球的时候摔了一跤。刚开始好像没什么事,但现在我后背疼。 a backache. Sarah: Oh dear.Accidents often happen in sport.Be more careful next time! 萨拉:哎呀,运动的时候确实容易发生意外。下次一定要更小心点! Conversation3对话三 Harry: Would you like some snacks?Help yourself! 哈里:要来点零食吗?别客气,随便吃! Nancy: No,I can't eat anything.I have a terrible toothache. 南希:不了,我什么都吃不了。我牙疼得特别厉害。 Harry: I’m sorry to hear that.Did you bite something hard? 哈里:听到这个消息我很遗憾。你是咬到硬东西了吗? Nancy: No,I think I ate too many sweet things.Oh,my tooth really hurts! 南希:不是,我觉得是我吃了太多甜食。哦,我的牙真的太疼了! Conversation4 对话四 Frank: What's the matter,Judy? 弗兰克:朱迪,你怎么了? Judy: I'm sorry,but it's difficult for me to talk. 朱迪:不好意思,我现在说话有点费劲。 Frank: What happened? 弗兰克:发生什么事了? Judy: I practised my speech by myself for hours yesterday.I guess I didn’t drink enough 朱迪:我昨天自己练习演讲练了好几个小时。估计是水喝得不够,现在嗓子疼得难受。 water.I’m suffering from a sore throat now. Scripts 96A 部分,2b 与 2c SectionA,2band 2c 对话一 Conversation 1 Nurse: What's the matter,David? 护士:大卫,你怎么了? David: I ate too much last night.Now my stomach aches. 大卫:我昨晚吃太多了,现在肚子疼。 Nurse: You shouldn’t eat so much next time.I'll give you some medicine. 护士:下次别吃这么多了。我给你开点药。 David: Thank you! 大卫:谢谢! Nurse: And please avoid soft drinks for now as the gas could make the ache worse. 护士:另外,现在别喝碳酸饮料,里面的气会让疼痛更严重。 David: Got it,thanks! 大卫:知道了,谢谢! Conversation 2对话二 Nurse: What's wrong,Nancy? 护士:南希,你哪里不舒服? Nancy: Ihave a really bad toothache. 南希:我牙疼得特别厉害。 Nurse: I see.You should see a dentist.You might need an X-ray. 护士:我知道了。你应该去看牙医,可能需要拍个 X 光片。 Nancy: OK.But what should I do for now? 南希:好的。但现在我该怎么办呢? Nurse: You could eat some soft food.But no more sweet things.Remember to brush 护士:你可以吃点软的食物,但别再吃甜食了。记得也要仔细刷牙! your teeth carefully too! Conversation 3对话三 Nurse: Oh,your nose is bleeding!How did you hurt yourself,Jeff? 护士:哦,你流鼻血了!杰夫,你怎么弄伤的? Jeff: Ifell off my bike!I didn't expect to see someone around the corner. 杰夫:我从自行车上摔下来了!我没料到拐角处会有人。 Nurse: Oh dear!Come in.Press down on your nose.Good.Now wait for a few minutes. 护士:哎呀!进来吧。按住你的鼻子。好的,现在等几分钟。 Jeff: OK.Do you think Ibroke my nose? 杰夫:好的。您觉得我的鼻子骨折了吗? Nurse: No,it's not that serious.But you should be more careful next time.Accidents can 护士:没有,没那么严重。但下次你要更小心些,粗心的时候就容易发生意外。 happen when we're careless. 第三单元 成长 Unit 3 Growing Up A 部分,1b 与 1c Section A,1b and 1c Ella: What's wrong,Peter?You look worried. 埃拉:彼得,你怎么了?看起来心事重重的。 Peter: Harry and I got into a fight a few days ago.Now he's not speaking to me. 彼得:我和哈里几天前吵架了,现在他不理我了。 Ella: What happened? 埃拉:发生什么事了? Peter: He borrowed my guitar.But there was an ugly mark on the guitar when he 彼得:他借了我的吉他,但还回来的时候,吉他上多了个难看的印子。 returned it. Ella: Oh no! 埃拉:哦,这可糟了! Peter: I was upset,but he didn’t care.He even said,“It's just an old guitar."But it's very 彼得:我很生气,但他根本不在乎,甚至说 “不过是把旧吉他”。可那吉他对我来说 special to me.It was from my grandfather. 很特别,是我爷爷送的。 Ella: That wasn't nice. 埃拉:他那样说确实不对。 Peter: I was angry and said things that hurt him.I feel awful now. 彼得:我当时很生气,说了些伤害他的话,现在感觉特别不好。 Listening Scripts 97Ella: It's hard to control our anger sometimes.Although he was wrong,you hurt him 埃拉:有时候我们确实很难控制自己的脾气。虽然他有错,但你也伤害到他了。 too.Ifyou want to say sorry,you could call him. 如果你想道歉,可以给他打个电话。 Peter: I want to,but I’m afraid he's still angry. 彼得:我想打,但怕他还在生气。 Ella: Well,maybe you could send him a text message first. 埃拉:那或许你可以先给他发个短信。 Peter: Good idea. 彼得:好主意。 SectionA,2band 2cA 部分,2b 与 2c Peter: Hi Harry.Thanks for picking up.I wanted to call earlier,but I didn't know what to 彼得:嗨,哈里。谢谢你接电话。我本来想早点打,但跟埃拉聊之前,我一直不知道该说什么。 say untilI spoke to Ella. Harry: Hi,yeah,I feel bad about it too.We should talk so that we can clear the air. 哈里:嗨,其实我也觉得这事挺过意不去的。我们应该聊聊,把话说开。 Peter: Listen,I'm sorry I hurt you.I didn’t mean it.I was just angry about that mark on 彼得:听着,很抱歉伤害了你,我不是故意的。我只是因为吉他上的印子太生气了。 the guitar. Harry: No,I’m sorry.It was my fault. 哈里:不,该道歉的是我,是我的错。 Peter: That guitar was a birthday present from my grandfather when I was eight.He's 彼得:那把吉他是我八岁时爷爷送我的生日礼物,他已经不在了。虽然吉他旧了,但对我意义重大。 not around anymore.Although it's old,it means a lot to me. Harry: I didn’t know that.I’m sorry. 哈里:我之前不知道这些,对不起。 Peter: It's OK.Iforgive you.You’re my best friend,andI don't want to lose you. 彼得:没事,我原谅你了。你是我最好的朋友,我不想失去你。 Harry: Ifeel the same.I′m really sorry.I'll be more careful in future. 哈里:我也是这么想的。真的很抱歉,以后我会更小心的。 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 第四单元 自然奇观 Section A,Iband 1c A 部分,1b 与 1c Host: Welcome to our game show!Today,its all about geography.Answer as quickly 主持人:欢迎来到我们的智力竞赛节目!今天的主题是地理,请尽快回答问题! as you can!Question one:What is the highest mountain in the world? 第一题:世界上最高的山峰是什么? Fu Xing: It's Mount Qomolangma! 傅星:是珠穆朗玛峰! Host: Correct!How high is it? 主持人:回答正确!它的高度是多少? Liu Hongyu: I know this—it's 8,848.43 metres high. 刘宏宇:我知道,是 8848.43 米。 Host: No,sorry.Fu Xing? 主持人:不对哦,抱歉。傅星,你知道吗? Fu Xing: Is it 8,848.86 metres? 傅星:是 8848.86 米吗? Host: Yes!But some scientists say Qomolangma is still growing taller!Now,name 主持人:对!但有些科学家说,珠穆朗玛峰还在不断变高!现在请说出世界上最大的沙漠。 the biggest desert in the world. Fu Xing: The Taklimakan Desert? 傅星:是塔克拉玛干沙漠吗? Host: Wrong!Ella? 主持人:不对!埃拉,你来说? Ella: It's the Sahara Desert. 埃拉:是撒哈拉沙漠。 Host: Ri:ht!Now,how big is it? 主持人:正确!那它的面积是多少? Ella: It's about 9,000,000 square kilometres. 埃拉:大约 900 万平方公里。 Host: That's right!What's the lowest place on earth? 主持人:没错!世界上最低的地方是哪里? Liu Hongyu:It's the Dead Sea! 刘宏宇:是死海! 98 Listening ScriptsHost: Well done!Its surface is 416metres below sea level.Now where's the deepest 主持人:做得好!死海的湖面低于海平面 416 米。现在问,海洋最深处在哪里? point in the ocean? Fu Xing: It's in the Mariana Trench. 傅星:在马里亚纳海沟。 Host: That's correct!How deep is it? 主持人:回答正确!它的深度是多少? Fu Xing: It's about 11,000 metres deep. 傅星:大约 11000 米深。 Host: Correct! 主持人:正确! SectionA,2b and 2c A 部分,2b 与 2c Ms Gao:Thank you for the wonderfultalk,MrJones.Now,does anyone have any questions? 高老师:琼斯先生,感谢您精彩的讲座。现在,有人有问题要问吗? Emma: I do!Why are so many countries researching the deep sea? 艾玛:我有!为什么这么多国家都在研究深海呢? Mr Jones:Well,curiosity is one reason.We don't know enough about the ocean floor 琼斯先生:嗯,好奇心是原因之一。我们对海底的了解还不够多。 Fu Xing:I remember that in 2020,China's Fendouzhe dived deeper into the Mariana 傅星:我记得 2020 年,中国的 “奋斗者” 号载人潜水器下潜到马里亚纳海沟的深度,比世界上很多 Trench than many other vessels in the world and filmed it.But I didn’t see 潜水器都深,还拍了视频。但我没看到任何深海动物,它们长什么样呀? any deep-sea animals.What are they like? Mr Jones:Well,many deep-sea animals are large and unusual.Some animals are blind,but 琼斯先生:很多深海动物体型很大,而且外形奇特。有些动物是盲的,但它们的 “感知能力” they can “see”as well as others.Some even create their own light! 和其他动物的视力一样好。还有些动物甚至能自己发光! Peter: Cool!Are there any other surprising facts about the deep sea? 彼得:太酷了!关于深海,还有其他令人惊讶的事实吗? Mr Jones:Did you know that there's rubbish even at 11,000 metres deep?That shocked 琼斯先生:你们知道吗?即使在 11000 米深的地方,也有垃圾。这让很多人都很震惊。 many people. Ms Gao:That's terrible!We should do something about it. 高老师:太糟糕了!我们得为此做点什么。 Mr Jones:You’re right! 琼斯先生:你说得对! 第五单元 大自然的 “脾气” Unit 5 Nature's Temper A 部分,1b 与 1c SectionA,Iband 1c 对话一 Conversation I Jack: Hi Xinyi.I heard about the flood in your town.Is everything OK? 杰克:嗨,欣怡。我听说你们镇上发洪水了,一切都还好吗? Xinyi: Yes,we’re all right.Thanks.Our neighbour warned us about it in time. 欣怡:嗯,我们都没事,谢谢关心。是邻居及时提醒了我们。 Jack: What a kind neighbour!What were you doing at the time? 杰克:真是个热心的邻居!当时你们正在做什么? Xinyi: Oh,my family were having dinner when she called.We didn't notice that the 欣怡:哦,她打电话的时候,我们一家人正在吃晚饭。我们都没注意到水在涨! water was rising! Jack: You're lucky! 杰克:你们真幸运! Conversation 2对话二 Jia'ning:Hi Kate.Are you OK?That was a big earthquake! 佳宁:嗨,凯特。你还好吗?刚才那场地震好大啊! Kate: Yeah!It scared me.I was doing my homework when the building shook all of a 凯特:还好!吓了我一跳。大楼突然摇晃的时候,我正在写作业。佳明,地震开始时 sudden.What were you doing when it started,Jiaming? 你在做什么? Jiaming:Oh,I was doing some chores while my mother was preparing lunch.The 佳明:哦,我妈妈在准备午饭,我在做家务。地震也让我们措手不及。 earthquake took us by surprise too. Listening Scripts 99Kate: Well,I’m glad we’re all fine.Thanks for calling! 凯特:还好我们都没事,谢谢你打电话关心我! Conversation 3 对话三 Susan: Wasn't the snowstorm last weekend terrible,Liu Yun? 苏珊:刘云,上周末的暴风雪是不 Liu Yun:Yes,it really was! 是很可怕? 刘云:是啊,太可怕了! Susan: What were you doing while it was snowing? 苏珊:下雪的时候你在做什么? Liu Yun:Not much.I was travelling on the train then.The ride took five hours longer! 刘云:没做什么特别的,当时我正在坐火车,路程比平时多花了五个小时! Susan: Oh no ...I heard many people couldn't get home.They had to stay in hotels for 苏珊:哦,太糟了…… 我听说很多人回不了家,只好在酒店过夜。 the night. Section A,2b and 2cA 部分,2b 与 2c Interview I 采访一 Reporter:Excuse me.Did you have any trouble during the typhoon? 记者:打扰一下,台风期间你遇到麻烦了吗? Boy: No.When the typhoon hit,my family were having dinner at home. 男孩:没有。台风来袭时,我们一家人正在家里吃晚饭。 Reporter:That's good.How about your neighbourhood?Was it OK? 记者:那就好。你们小区怎么样?没事吧? Boy: Oh,it was a mess.My parents andI helped with the clean-up this morning. 男孩:哦,小区一片狼藉。今天早上我和爸妈一起帮忙清理了。 Interview 2 采访二 Reporter:Miss,how did the typhoon affect you? 记者:女士,台风对你有什么影响吗? Girl: I was OK,but I was worried about my grandparents. 女孩:我没事,但我很担心我的爷爷奶奶。 Reporter:Were they all right? 记者:他们还好吗? Girl: Yes,thankfully.When I called them,they were playing chess at home. 女孩:嗯,谢天谢地。我给他们打电话的时候,他们正在家里下棋。 Interview 3 采访三 Reporter:Sir,what were your family doing when the typhoon hit? 记者:先生,台风来袭时,您和家人正在做什么? Man: Well,my children and I were reading together when a window broke.Even our 男士:当时我和孩子们正在一起看书,突然一扇窗户破了。连屋顶都差点被掀翻! roof nearly came off!My children were crying,and my wife was scared too. 孩子们在哭,我妻子也很害怕。 Reporter:Oh dear.Were you prepared for the typhoon? 记者:哦,天哪。你们为应对台风做准备了吗? Man: Well,I heard the news,but I didn't think it would be that strong. 男士:我倒是听到了台风预警,但没想到会这么强。 Weather report 天气预报 Reporter:Now,the typhoon is slowing down as it moves west,but it's not over.If you're 记者:目前,台风正向西移动,强度逐渐减弱,但并未完全结束。如果您处于台风影响区域附近, near one of the areas close by,be careful,and pay attention to our weather 请务必小心,并关注我们的天气预报。请待在室内不要外出。 reports.Do stay inside. 第六单元 跨文化交流 Unit 6 Crossing Cultures A 部分,1b 与 1c SectionA,Iband lc 对话一 Conversation 1 Anna: Hi Kaito!You're new here,right?I'm Anna Brown,one of your teachers.Pleased 安娜:嗨,海斗!你是新来的吧?我是安娜・布朗,是你的老师之一。很高兴认识你…… 哦! to meet you ...Oh! Listening ScriptsKaito: What's wrong,Ms Brown? 海斗:布朗老师,怎么了? Anna: Sorry,your bow surprised me.We usually just say"hello"or shake hands in the US! 安娜:抱歉,你鞠躬吓了我一跳。在美国,我们通常只是说声 “你好” 或者握个手! Kaito: That's surprising!In Japan,we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. 海斗:这太意外了!在日本,我们一见到老师就要鞠躬。 Conversation 2 对话二 Harry: Hello!You're Li Tong,right?I′m Harry.We're in the same science class. 哈里:你好!你是李彤对吧?我是哈里,我们在同一个科学班。 Li Tong:Oh,hi,Harry!...Sorry,should we shake hands?How do you greet others in the 李彤:哦,嗨,哈里!…… 抱歉,我们应该握手吗?在英国,你们是怎么问候别人的? UK? Harry: We could,but it's a little formal.Usually we just say"hello". 哈里:可以握手,但会有点正式。通常我们就说声 “你好”。 Li Tong:Do you kiss others on the cheek? 李彤:你们会亲吻别人的脸颊吗? Harry: We hug sometimes,but we don't usually kiss to say hello.We don’t bow either. 哈里:有时候会拥抱,但一般不会用亲吻来问候。我们也不鞠躬, That's so formal that we only do it at special times. 鞠躬太正式了,只在特殊场合才会这么做。 Li Tong:Wow!I thought people in the UK were very formal. 李彤:哇!我还以为英国人都很正式呢。 Conversation 3 对话三 Bob: Hey Ji-Hoon,meet Marie.She's from France. 鲍勃:嗨,智勋,来认识一下玛丽,她来自法国。 Marie: Hi Ji-Hoon,nice to meet you ...Oh,don’t look so embarrassed! 玛丽:嗨,智勋,很高兴认识你…… 哦,别这么不好意思呀! Ji-Hoon:It's embarrassing!In Korean culture,we don'tusually kiss people unless welove them. 智勋:这太尴尬了!在韩国文化里,我们一般不亲吻别人,除非是对自己爱的人。 Marie: In France we kiss friends on the cheek to say hello! 玛丽:在法国,我们会亲吻朋友的脸颊来表示问候! Section A,2band 2cA 部分,2b 与 2c Ella: We heard you're going to India,Peter!How exciting! 埃拉:彼得,我们听说你要去印度了!太让人兴奋了! Peter: Yes,I’m really excited!You went there last year,right?Can you tell me about their 彼得:是啊,我特别激动!你去年去过那里,对吧?能跟我说说当地的习俗吗? customs? Ella: Sure!First,they have a special greeting.They press their palms together,bow,and 埃拉:当然可以!首先,他们有特别的问候方式:双手合十,鞠躬,然后说 “那摩斯戴”(Namaste)。 say,“Namaste.” Peter: Wow!I'll remember that. 彼得:哇!我会记住的。 Ella: Second,you should only use your right hand to eat. 埃拉:其次,你只能用右手吃饭。 Peter: With my knife and fork? 彼得:用刀叉吗? Ella: Well,people may not use a knife and fork at all.Very often they eat with their 埃拉:嗯,那里的人可能根本不用刀叉,很多时候他们都是用手吃饭的。 hands instead. Peter: OK!Anything else? 彼得:好的!还有别的吗? Emma: Yes!People in India often eat a lot of curry.I ate chicken curry there,and it was 埃拉:有!印度人经常吃咖喱。我在那儿吃过鸡肉咖喱,特别好吃! delicious!But don't expect to eat any beef.Cows are protected in India.They are 但别想着能吃到牛肉,牛在印度是受保护的,对很多人来说都很特别。 special to many people. Ella: And they even walk anywhere they like!While we were there,one walked right in 埃拉:而且牛还可以随便走!我们在那儿的时候,有一头牛直接走到我们的车前面! front of our car!It walked so slowly that we had to slow down and follow it! 它走得特别慢,我们只好减速跟着它! Listening Scripts 101Unit 7 A Good Read SectionA,1band Ic Conversation 1 Fu Xing:Have you decided on a book for your report,Peter? Peter: Oh,yes.I’ve picked The Final Problem.It's a mystery with the famous detective Sherlock Holmes as its main character.Have you chosen abook yet? Fu Xing:No,I can’t decide between two science fiction novels:The Time Machine and The Three-Body Problem. Peter: I've never heard of The Three-Body Problem. Fu Xing:It's about aliens planning to attack the earth. Peter: That's the kind of story I like.Maybe I'llgive it a try. Conversation 2 Yaming:What are you reading,Emma? Emma: Hey,Yaming,I’m reading Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone.Have you ever read it? Yaming: Of course!Ilove fantasy novels.I've read all of the Harry Potter books Emma: Wow!What other fantasy novels have you read? Yaming:Well,I've read Journey to the West and I've just chosen it for my book report.It's a classic. Conversation 3 Chen Jie:Have you ever read Around the World in Eighty Days,Adam? Adam: Yes,I've read it twice!Ilove adventure novels based in different countries. Chen Jie:I’m looking forward to it!I haven't read it yet,but I've already borrowed it from the library Section A,2band 2c Zhong Yi For my book report,I've chosen The Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong. I love historical fiction novels,and this is a classic.It describes a time long ago when three kingdoms fought one another for over 100 years.There are almost 1,000 different characters.My favourite is Zhuge Liang because he's so clever and he has a plan for everything The book is full of great stories,and it has helped me to understand many Chinese idioms better. Linda Have you ever heard of Oliver Twist?It's a classic social novel from the 1800s by my favourite writer,Charles Dickens.It talks about how poor people lived in London back then. 102 Listening ScriptsIn the story,Oliver is a boy whose parents have died.He becomes a factory worker,but he's later forced to steal things.I really like Oliver.He's always kind to others,even when things are tough.In the end,the bad people are punished,and Oliver has a better life.I love this story,and I've already read it twice. Unit 8 Making a Difference SectionA,1band 1c Interview 1 Interviewer:Excuse me,are you a volunteer here? Volunteer 1:Yes,I am. Interviewer:How long have you been a volunteer with this football organization? Volunteer 1:Oh,I've been a volunteer since last year. Interviewer:What do you do? Volunteer1:Lots,really!I help the players and give directions.I clean up the stadium after matches too. Interview 2 Interviewer:Sir,are you a volunteer here at the art museum? Volunteer 2:That's right! Interviewer:May Iknow what you do? Volunteer 2:I guide visitors through the museum and provide information about the paintings.You see,I’m studying art history at university. Interviewer:That's a good use of your skills!How long have you been a volunteer at the museum? Volunteer 2:Well,I've only been a guide here for two weeks. Interview 3 Interviewer:Let's talk to one of the volunteers with the beach clean-up organization. Excuse me,Miss.How is the clean-up going? Volunteer 3:It's going well!I've picked up three bags of bottles and cans since our team arrived this morning. Interviewer:You've worked hard!Have you been a volunteer with the organization for long? Volunteer 3:Yes,for about seven years. Interviewer:Wow!You must really care about the beach. Volunteer 3:Yes,I think it's everyone's duty to look after it! Listening Scripts (103SectionA,2b and 2c Conversation 1 Rose: Hi Robert.What are you watching? Robert: Oh,it's a show about volunteering.It's quite inspiring! Rose: Hey,I've watched that before. Robert: Really?Did it inspire you to volunteer? Rose: Yeah.In fact,I've been a volunteer at an animal shelter for two years now. Robert: Wow!What do you do there? Rose: Well,I clean the cages and feed the animals ...And I look after the new dogs.Some of them are in poor condition and need more care!And I collect donations for the shelter too. Robert: Goodness!Hey,do you need help?Can I volunteer too? Rose: Of course! Conversation 2 Interviewer:Have you ever been to our animal shelter,Robert? Robert: No,I haven’'t,but my friend Rose has told me all about it. Interviewer:Have you taken care of animals before? Robert: Yes.I had a dog when I was young.I walked her,and Ifilled her food and water bowls.Because ofher,I learnt that every animal is special and needs love. Interviewer:You're right!Now,how often can you volunteer? Robert: About once a week? Interviewer:Perfect!Let me show you around.Gramma r 一 、反身代词 (Reflexive Pronouns) 反身代词是英语中表达“……自己;本身”含义的一类代词,是在第一人称、第二 人称形容词性物主代词或第三人称人称代词宾格形式的词尾加-self或 -selves组成。反 身 代词请见下表。 表1反身代词 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 himself 单数 myself yourself herself itself 复数 yourselves ourselves themselves 句法作用 例句 反身代词的用法请见下表。 Be careful when you're using the knife!Don't cut yourself.使用刀具时要 小心,不要割伤 自己。 表2反身代词的用法 In teaching others,we teach ourselves.教人者,已已学。 I'll be away for a week.You and your sister need to take care of yourselves. 我要外出一 动周词,或你介和词妹 妹得照顾好自己。 的D宾on语't be too hard on yourself!别对自己太苛刻了! I cooked the dinner myself. 我自己做的晚饭。 You had better ask the dentist herself. 主语或宾语 你最好问牙医本人。 的J同us位t语 be yourself. 做你自己就好了。 Mary hasn’t been quite herself recently. 玛丽近来有些不对劲儿。 表语 反身代词用作主语或宾语的同位语时, 一般用于强调,常译为“本人;亲自”。 常 见的后接反身代词作宾语的动词或动词短语有cut 、hurt 、protect 、teach 、enjoy、 help 、take care of、look after等。 Grammar 105二、情态动词 (Modal Verbs) 情态动词可以用来表示提议或建议。 1.should 情态动词should 作“应该;应当;可以”讲,用以表达职责和义务、提出劝告, 而 且表述的是自己的主观看法,其后接动词原形。例如: When you have the flu,you should wear a mask when you’re outside.患流感 时, 你出门应戴上口罩。 Ifyou did something wrong,you should say sorry.如果是你做错了什么,你应该道 歉。 should 的否定式是should not/shouldn't,意思是“不应当;不该”。例如: You shouldn't eat so much next time.下次你可不要吃这么多了。 We shouldn't judge a book by its cover.我们不应该以貌取人。 2.could 情态动词could 也用于提出建议,比can 语气更为委婉。例如: A:What should I take with me to the party? 我去参加聚会应该带点什么呢? B:You could take some fruit or flowers.你可以带些水果或鲜花。 If you want to say sorry,you could call him.如果你想说声“对不起”,你可以给 他 打电话。 三 、过 去 进 行 时 (Past Continuous Tense) 1. 过去进行时的构成和基本用法 过去进行时由“was/were +动词-ing”构成,表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间 正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除非有上下文暗示, 一般用时间状语来表示。例如: A:What was Kate doing at the time of the earthquake?地震发生时凯特在做什么? B:She was doing her homework.她正在做作业。 A:What were your family doing when the typhoon hit?台风来袭时你们一家在做什 么? B:My children and Iwere reading together.我正和孩子们读书。 A:What were you doing while it was snowing heavily?下大雪的时候你在干什么? B:I was travelling on the train then.那时我正坐火车旅行。 过去进行时可用来为一个或一系列动作的发生提供背景。例如: Evervone was enjoying the beautiful weather that morning.Some people were swimming in the sea,and some were relaxing on the beach. 那天早上,大家都在享受美 好的天气。有人在海里游泳,有人在沙滩上放松。 Everyone was enjoying the coffee.Then a man entered the shop. 大家都在享用 咖 啡,这时有位男人进了商店。 106 Grammar过去进行时既可用在主句中,也可用在从句中,还可以同时用在主句和从句中。例如: We were visiting our relatives when the strong winds started. While they were waiting,the little girl started to cry. I was doing some chores while my mother was preparing lunch. 从上面例句可以看出,持续时间长的动作一般用过去进行时,持续时间短的常用一般 过去时。如果主句和从句都用过去进行时,则表示主句和从句中的动作都持续了一段时间。 下面以动词work 为例,将过去进行时的肯定式、否定式、疑问式和简略回答列表如 下。 表3过去进行时的肯定式、否定式、疑问式和简略回答 肯定式 否定式 I/He/She/It was working. I/He/She/It was not working. We/You/They were working. We /You/They were not working. 疑问式和简略回答 Was I working? Were you working? Was he/she /it working? Yes,you were. Yes,I was. Yes,he/she /it was. No,you were not(weren't No,I was not(wasn't No,he/she/it was not /w3:nt/). /'wdznt/). (wasn't). Yes,you/we/they were. Were we/you/they working? No,you/we /they were not(weren't). 2. 一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态,而过去进行时则表示 在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。例如: David wrote a letter to his friend last night.大卫昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。(信 写 完了 ) David was writing a letter to his friend last night.大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写 信。 (信不一定写完了。) 四 、现 在 完 成 时 (Present Perfect Tense) 1. 现在完成时的构成和基本用法 现在完成时由“助动词have/has+ 过去分词”构成。下面以动词 finish 为例,将 现 在完成时的肯定式、否定式、疑问式和简略回答列表如下。 表4现在完成时的肯定式、否定式、疑间式和简略回答 肯定式 否定式 I/You have finished. I/You have not(haven't/'hæevnt/)finished. He/She/It has finished. He/She/It has not(hasn't/'hæznt/)finished. We/You/They have finished. We/You/They have not(haven't)finished. Grammar 107续表 疑问式和简略回答 Yes,you/Ihave. Yes,he/she /it has. HaveI/you finished? Yes,you/we /they have. Has he/she/it finished? Have we /you/they finished? No,you/Ihave not(haven't). No,he/she/it has not(hasn’t). No,you/we /they have not(haven't). 现在完成时的用法请见下表。 表5现在完成时的用法 用法 例句 A:Have you chosen a book for your report yet? 表示过去发生或已经完成的 B:Yes,I've pickcd The FinalProblem. (我不必再做选择了。) 动作对现在造成的影响或 A:Have you ever read The Three-Body Problem? 结果。 B:No,I haven't. (我对该书不了解。) 表示某一动作或状态从过去 She's been a volunteer since 2022. 某一时间开始并一直持续到 Mary has lived with her uncle since her parents died. 现在,可以和表示延续的时 Ihave been busy these days.Ihaven't had a day off for 间状语连用。表示持续动作 three months. 或状态的动词多是延续性 Howlong has he worked at the museum? 动词。 I have already borrowed the book from the library. He has never seen snow before. 现在完成时可以和already、 Have you ever heard ofOliver Twist? never、ever、just、before、 yet等连用。 I’ve just finished Alices Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll. have(has)been表示“曾经 Helen has been to Xi'an once.She wants to go there 到过某地”,have(has)gone again to learn more about the long history of this 表示“已经去某地了”。 city. Helen has gone to Xi'an.She'lbe backin a week. 注:非延续性动词一般不能与表示持续性时间的状语连用,但在否定结构中,可用 非延续性动词的现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。例如: I haven't bought any food since last week.The fridge is empty now. Where has Tom gone?We haven't seen him the whole morning.2. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的 情况,所以它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,如 yesterday、last night、three weeks ago、in 1990 等。而一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生联 系,它可以 和上述表示过去的时间状语连用。例如: Fu Xing has worked at a nursing home since last year.付兴从去年开始就在一家养老 院工作。(她现在还在那里工作。) Fu Xing worked at a nursing home last year.付兴去年在一家养老院工作。(不涉及 她现在是否还在那里工作。) I have watched the movie before.我以前看过这部电影。(我了解这部电影的内容。) I watched the movie last week.我上星期看了这部电影。(只说明上星期看了这部电 影,不涉及现在的情况。) 五、动词不定式 (Infinitives) 1.动词不定式的构成 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+ 动词原形”。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在 句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍保留动词的语义特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语。动 词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语,如 to make new friends、to reach the top much faster等。 2.动词不定式的用法 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语 补足语、定语和状语等。此处重点呈现动词不定式作宾语、目的状语和宾语补足语三种 用法。 表6动词不定式的句法作用 句法作用 例句 Doyou want to visit the Great Wall? 作宾语 Ilike to play badminton in my free time. On Saturday,James decided to make fried chicken. What do you do to pass the time? 作目的状语 Allen ran to the living room to get the fire extinguisher. Do not stand up to reach for food across the table. My instructor encouraged me to get back up whenever I 作宾语补足语 fell. My parents told me not to push myself too hard. Doctor Cooper asked him to be more careful in the future. Grammar 1093. 动词不定式的否定式 动词不定式的否定形式由“not +动词不定弋”构成。例如: I would prefer not to talk about it.It's private. "Try not to make any noise when you eat,"his mother said. This book has taught me not to give up or doubt myself 4.“疑问词+不定式”结构 动词不定式可以和what、which、how、where、when 等连用。例如: He didn’t know what to say to Ella. I have no idea which book to choose for my book report. She asked me how to use the washing machine. The tour guide will tell you where to go next. 5. 不带to 的动词不定式 有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to, 这种动词主要有两类:一类 是 感官动词,如see、hear、watch、feel、notice等;另一类是使役动词,如let、 make have等。例如: The referee saw Matt push the other player. He heard someone walk down the stairway. I noticed him take a quick look at his watch. If you have any questions,please let me know. Hobbies can make you feel good about yourself. 六 、连 词 (Conjunctions) 用来连接单词、短语或句子的虚词叫连词。连词在句中不能单独作句子成分,一 般 不重读。按其性质,连词可分为两类:并列连词和从属连词。 1.并列连词 并列连词是指用以连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子的连词。常见的并列连词有 and 、but 、for 、or 、both.and … 、not only …but also ...等 例如: You can fool some of the people all of the time,and all of the people some of the time,but you cannot foolall of the people all of the time. To be,or not to be,that is the question. Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations to develop. Thank you so much for being not only my teacher but also my friend. 110 Grammar2.从属连词 从属连词是指用以引导复合句中从句的连词。常见的从属连词有when、while、 as 、before 、after 、until 、if、because 、although 、though 、than 、so that 、so… that、 unless、as soon as等。例如: He started programming when he was 10. If you run after two hares,you will catch neither. You are braver than you believe,stronger than you seem,and smarter than you think. How about writing them a letter so that you can get your message across clearly? Please give me a call as soon as you arrive in Beijing. 注:在同一个句子中,though (although) 与 but 不可同时使用,because 与 so 也 不 可同时使用。例如: (×)Although you were so busy,but you took the time to help me. (应删去 but, 或者删去although 。) (×)Because Zhuge Liang is so clever and has a plan for everything,so I admire him. (应删去because, 或者删去so 。) 七、状语从句 (Adverbial Clauses) 在复合句中,用作状语的从句叫作状语从句。根据所表达的意思,状语从句可分 为 时间、地点、原因、条件、结果、目的和让步等类型。 表7不同类型的状语从句 类型 引 导 连 词 例句 As the front door opened,James heard the sound of before、after、when、 Allen singing. while、as、as soon You won't know ifyou can do it until you try. 时间 as、 since、not…until、 Ilike to write about my feelings in my diary whenever whenever 等 I feel bad or sad. Keep the dictionary where you can see 地点 where、wherever 等 it I bring a book wherever Igo. . Alice can’t reach the key on the table because she’s too small. Chinese people love the ginkgo tree,as it is a 原因 because、as、since等 ofhope and long life. symbol Since he has returned,you could now ask for his help. If you don't want to forget your resolutions,write 条件 if、unless等 them down. Nothing is impossible unless you think it is. Grammar 111续表 类型 引导连词 例句 I was so hungry that I ate a bigbowl ofnoodles and 结果 so ..that a big plate of dumplings. We'll sit near the front so we can hear the speaker better. 目 的 so、so that等 You can write to your parents so that they'll know how you feel. although、even Although my guitar is old,it means a lot to me. 让步 though等 Tom felt proud of their team,even though they lost. 注;在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时。例如: Please sayhello for me when you see her next week.下周见到她时,请代我向她问好。 Ifit doesn’t rain tomorrow,wellgo for a picnic.如果明天不下雨,我们就去野餐。 GrammarVocabulary in Each Unit (注:依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》,本词表中的重点词汇用粗体显示。) Chinese calligraphy(中国书法)calligraphy ink(书法墨水) calligraphy work(书法作品) calligraphy brush(毛笔)practice calligraphy(练习书法) chat with sb.和某人闲聊- chat about sth.闲聊某事 Unit 1 have a chat闲聊一会 once in a while偶尔地;间或 p.5 儿 go skiing:去滑雪 ski down:滑下ski through:滑过 calligraphy/ko'lgrofi/n. 书法 p. chat /tfæet/v.&n. 闲聊 p.5 program sth.编写…… 程序 ski/ski:/v.滑雪 TV program电视节目 computer program计算机程序 training program培训 2 项目 a da o y u o t ut i i n n g g一 / 日 ' 游 as pl t a r n n a / n n o . ut 出 ing 外 :计 游 划 玩 一次 ; 远 远 足 足 p.5 express on p es r e o lf g :表 ra 达 m 自 / 己 ( ' 的 pr 思 o 想 o 或 gr 情 a 感 m ) /v e . x 编 pres 写 s t 程 han 序 ks:表示感谢 red g uc o e s o t n h. t a o n .. . : ou 把 t 某 in 物 g 减 出 少到 外 … 游 re 玩 duc e by . .. 减 少 了 … p.5 reduce pollution减少污染 express an opinion:发表意见 n. 程序;(=programme) 节目;项目p.2 driving instructor:驾驶教练 fitness instructor:健身教练 reduce /r'dju:s/v. 减少 p.6 express/ik'spres/v.表达;表 stress out 过度劳累;紧张under stress 在压力下cause stress造成压 language instructor:语言指导师 p 力 stress /stres/n.精神压力;紧张 p.6 . 示 instructor /in'strʌktə(r)/ scared of sth./sb.:害怕某物/某人 2 do y y og o a g 练 a 瑜 /' 伽 j a y s o g ga ə c / l n as . s 瑜 瑜伽 伽 课 y og a m at 瑜 伽 垫 p.6 scared to do sth.n:. 害教怕练做某;事指sca导red者 that...:担心……(后接从句) object of sth.…的物品/宾语everyday objects日常物品 object /'pbdʒ1kt/n. 物品;宾语 p di . r 6 ect scared/skeə(r)d/adj.害怕的; object:直接宾语 p. ItalIitaanl ifaonod/i意't大æ利el食io物nI/atadlji.a意n c大ult利ure的意大;利文 化 for fear of:唯恐;对担心… f…ear感 do到ing 惊sth慌.:害的怕 做某事- fear that...:担 3 心…s peak Ital意ian大说意利大人利语的;意大利语的 have a fear of:害怕… get over the loss:从损失中恢复过来 get over as ccoalrd:ed战 胜 o感f冒害 g怕et ;over恐 a 惧difficulty:克服困难 work as a npr.o意gram大mer利:担人任;程序意设大计员利语 p.6 be up to sfthe.a正r在/做fi某o事( rb)e /unp. t&ov s.b害.由某怕人;决定担- 忧up to now:到目前为 p 止 compputreor gprroagmrammmere计r/算 机'p程rə序s设g计ræ员 mseɔni(orr) /programmer高级程序设计 write a poem:写诗 recite a poem:背诵诗歌 a poem about...一首关于…的员诗 get over 克服(困难);解决(问题) . single room:单人间 single parent:单亲 single out:挑选出;单独挑出 allow sb. n to . 程 do s 序 th. 设 允许 计 某 员 人做 某 事 a l lo w d oi ng st h. 允 许 做 某 p 事 .6 up to 正在做;由某人决定 3 a stroke of luck:一阵好运swimming stroke:游泳姿势 brush stroke绘画的笔 alalollwow f/oar':la考v虑s/到v.;使顾…及 …成为可能;允许 p.6 触 poem/ 'pooim/n. 诗 in a p senssee:n在s某e 种/s意e义n上s/n.感觉;感官 give up dosinign sgtlh.e:/放's弃m做g某l/事a dgijv.e 单up 个smo的kin;g:单戒烟身 的 sense of smell/hearing:嗅觉/听觉 make sense:有意义;讲得通 give up on sb./sth.:对某人./某事 p.6 achievement /ə'tji:vmənt/n.成就 不再抱希望stroke/strəvk/n.笔画;击 academic achievement:学业成就 a sense of achievement:成就感 3 make achievements:取得成就 ink pen:钢笔 in ink:用墨水(书写) run out of ink:墨水用完了 p.6 coin/koin/n.硬币 球 give up放弃 gold coin:金币 collect coins:收集硬币 pay in coins:用硬币支付 return to sp.:回到某地 return sth. to sb.:把某物归还给某人 p p.7 ink/ɪnk/n.墨水 collect ssttaammps:p集 邮/s t æpomstpag/en s. ta邮mp:票邮 票 stamp album:集邮册 in return (for sth.):作为(对某事的)回报 . teen p ag . e 7 l itfee:en青a少ge年/生'活ti t:eneenargde ʒ pr/oabldejms.:青青少少年年问题的 return /r't₃ :n/n.&v.回来;归 teenage fashion:青少年时尚 collect postcards:收集明信片 make a deal:达成交易deal with:处理;对付a good deal (of sth.)大量3( 某物 还 in return作为回报 sendp .a7 p o p s o tc s a t rd c : a 寄 rd 明 / 信 ' 片 po a v t s o t ur k i a st : d po / s n tc . a 明 rd: 信 旅游 片 明 信 片 p rather than:而不是- would rather do sth.:宁愿做某事 deal/di:1/n.交易;协议 p.7 rather /'ra:ǒə(r)/adv. 相当;更准确地说 manage to do sth.:设法做成某事 manage a company:管理一家公司 . rather a lot:相当多 manage without sth.:没 p.7 old-fashioned/,avsld 'fæejnd/ 有某物也能应付 v.(dealt /delt/,dealt)对 3 old-fashioned clothes:过时的衣服 old-fashioned ideas:守旧的观念 付 manage /'mæenidʒ/ adj. 过时的;守旧的 p.7 get into a habit:养成习惯 get into trouble:陷入麻烦 p. an old-fashioned shop:一家老式商店foreign language:外语 get into a schoolv:.进完入成一所(学困校难的事);管理 4 国文 f 化 oreign/'foron/adj.外国的;国 fo 外 rei 的 gn c ul t p ur . e 7 :外 Let's give it a go.:我们试一试吧。 foreign country:外 Give it a ggoe tan di snete owh开at 始hap做pen某s.:事试;一试进,看入看会怎样。 p. 国 dream of梦想;希望 p.7 practice kung fu:练功夫Chinese kung fu:中国功夫learn kung fu:学功夫 dream of doing sth.:梦想做某事 dream of becoming sb.梦想成为某人 push sb. t g o i d v o e s t h it . : a 督 g 促 o 某 试 人做 一 某 试 事 某 pus 事 h forward:推进;向前推 4 make s a u g su g g e ge s s t ti i o o n: n 提 / 建 s 议 ə' f d o z ll e o s w t a f s n u / gg n e . st 建 ion 议 :听 ; 从 提 建议 u 议 sef ul p.8 suggestion:有用的建议 push againkstu:n推g 撞;fu反/抗,kan 'fu:/n.功夫 p failure /'feiljə(r)/n.失败 l ea rn f ropm. 8 failure从失败中学习 by myself:p独u自sh;/靠 自pv己ʃ /hvur.t督 mys促elf;:弄推伤自己 enjoy myself:玩得开.心 fail i u n re s p i i n r e st / h i . n 在 's 某 p 事 al 上 ə( 的 r) 失 /v 败 . e n激d i励n fa;ilu鼓re:舞以失 败 告 终 p.8 learn from failure:从 myself/maɪ'self/pron.我自己 4 失 用 败 某s 中 物tr 学 鼓ic 习 舞t 某 i n 人 s / p s i t r r e i k s t b / . a t d o j d . o 严 st 厉 h.激 的 励 ; 某人 严 做某 格 事 的 ins p ir e s b. w p it . h 8 sth. be strict with sb.对某人严格 inspiring story:鼓舞人心的故事 p surprisingly /sə'prarzinli/ be strict in . sth.:在某事上严格 strict rule: 严格的规定Vocabulary in Each Unit 113adv.出人意料地;惊人地 cough /kpf/n.&v. 咳嗽 p.13 p. cough badly(咳嗽得厉害)、have a cough(咳嗽) so far到目前为止 8 bruised/bru:zd/adj. 受了瘀伤的 p.13 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “到目前为止” p. a bruised knee(擦伤的膝盖) stage/sterdʒ/n.舞台;阶段地 suffer /'sfə(r)/v. 受苦;遭受 p.13 8 suffer loss(遭受损失)、suffer defeat(遭受失败) on stage(在舞台上)、stage performance(舞台表演) suffer from 受苦;受折磨 p.13 p take a comfortable seat(找个舒服的座位坐下) Luca/'lu:kə/卢卡 take a seat坐下 p.14 . Bruno/'bru:navs/布鲁诺 take one's temperature给某人量体温 8 India/'india/印度 p. t 1 ak 4 e t m e y s t t e m /t p e e s ra t t / u n r . e & ( v 给 . 我 量 检 体 查 温) ;测验 p medical test(医疗检查)、test result(检测结果) Maya /'maɪə/马娅 p.14 . flu /flu:/n.流行性感冒 p.14 Badal/'ba:dl/巴达尔 9 get the flu(得流感)、flu season(流感季) Mogao Caves /kervz/莫高窟 medicine/'medsn/n.药;医学 p.14 m wetaa akre s ata kkme/ a mm ske(daic戴i:nse口(k 罩吃/n )药.)、 口、prt罩roatdeicti toinv ael mmea dsik c(in e防( 护传 统口 医罩 学) ) p.14 p . Unit 2 virus/'vaɪoros/n. 病 毒 computer virus(计算机病毒)、virus infection(病毒感染) ourselves /aza'selvz;a:'selvz/ p.14 stop...from doing 防止…… ;阻 give a description(进行描述)、detailed description(详细的描述) pron. 我们自己 p.11 止s…top …him fr p o . m 1 4 sm dokeisngc(ri阻p止t他io吸n烟 )/di'skripjn/n.描 by ourselves(我们自己)、enjoy ourselves(我们玩得开心) 写;形容 p.14 sore /sɔ:(r)/adj.疼痛的;酸痛的 p.12 sore throat(喉咙痛)、sore muscle(肌肉酸痛) patient /'pejnt/n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的 p.14 throat/θrst/n.喉咙 p.12 patient care(病人护理)、be patient with(对…… 有耐心) have a sore throat(喉咙痛)、clear throat(清嗓子) injury/'imdʒəri/n.伤害;损伤 p.14 stomachache/'stʌmokeik/n.胃痛; serious injury(严重的伤害)、injury to the head(头部受 il伤ln)ess/'Tlnəs/n.疾病 p.14 肚子疼 p.12 have a stomachache(肚子疼) suffer from an illness(患病)、mental illness(精神疾病) knife /naif/n.(pl.knives/narvz/)刀 p.15 headache/'hedeik/n.头痛 p.12 a sharp knife(一把锋利的刀)、kitchen knife(菜刀) clear/klrə(r)/adj.清晰的;清楚的 have a headache(头疼)、severe headache(剧烈的头疼) toothache/'tu:θerk/n.牙痛 p.12 clear sky(晴朗的天空)、clear the table(清理桌子) have a toothache(牙疼) v.清理 p.15 backache/'bækerk/n.背痛;腰痛 p.12 pain/pen/n. 疼 痛 ; 痛 苦 pr h e a s ve s a / b p a r c e k s ac /v he . (压背;疼)按;挤;推 p.13 p.1ph5ys iwcal hpaaint('s身 m体上o的re疼 痛更)、有pai甚n in t者he c;hest(更胸口为疼)重要的 press the button(按按钮)、press hard(用力按) nosebleed/'nəvzbli:d/n.鼻出血 p.13 是无常p见.1组5词 ,b为ri固g定h短tn语e,ss用/于 补 '充b说ra明itnəs/n. 亮 度 protect the environment(保护环境)、natural environment(自然环境) have a nosebleed(流鼻血) dentist /'dentist/n.牙科医生 p.13 p.t1he5 brightness of the sun(太阳的亮度) see a dentist(看牙医)、dentist office(牙医诊所) fever/ 'fi:və(r)/n.发烧 p.13 environment /in'vairənmənt/n.环境 p.15 have a fever(发烧)、high fever(高烧) stomach/ 'stʌmək/n. 胃;腹部 p.13 cross /krps/v.穿越;横过;交叉 empty stomach(空腹)、stomach pain(胃疼) avoid /a'vɔId/v.避免;防止 p.13 cross the road(过马路)、cross a river(过河) p.15 catch fire着火 avoid danger(避免危险)、avoid mistake(避免错误) gas /gæs/n.气体;燃气 p.13 p.1无6常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “着火” acghaes /steatriokn(/n加.油&站v.)疼、n痛atur al g as ( 天 然 气 ) themselves /ðm'selvz/ p h .1 ea 3 d X ac - h r e a ( y 头 /' 疼 e ) ks 、 b r ac e k i a / c n he . ( X 背 光 疼 照 ) 片;X 射线 by themselves(独自地)、enjoy themselves(玩得开心) pron. 他 ( 或 她 、 它 ) 们 自 己 pX. -1 r3ay machine(X 光机)、X - ray examination(X 光检查) p.16 fry/frai/v. 油炸;油煎;油炒 careless/ 'kealos/ p.16fr yt euggrsn( 煎o鸡n蛋接)、通fry( ch电icke流n(、炸鸡煤)气、水等); careless mistake(粗心的错误)、be careless with(对…… 粗心) adj. 不小心的;粗心的 p.13 打开 p.16 turn on the radio(打开收音机)、turn on the light(开灯) runny /'rAani/adj.流鼻涕的;流眼泪的p.13 stove /stovv/n.厨房灶具;炉子 p.16 gas stove(煤气灶)、electric stove(电炉) runny nose(流鼻涕)、runny eyes(流眼泪) happily /'hæpli/adv. 快乐地;高兴地 live happily(幸福地生活)、sing happily(快乐地唱歌) p.16 no way 不 可 能 ; 没 门 无常见组词,为固定短语,表拒绝等 p.16 burn /b3:n/v.(burnt/bs:nt/,burnt) burn wood(烧木头)、get burned(被烧伤)114 Vocabulary in Each Unit燃烧;着火 p.16 hit /ht/v.(hit,hit) 碰撞;击;打 hit hard(用力打)、hit the target(击中目标) on fire着火;起 n. 打;击;击中 p.16 set on fire(使着火) 火 flame/fleim/n. p.16 shock/pk/n. 震惊;令人震惊的事 flame retardant(阻燃剂)、flame thrower(火焰喷射器) 火焰 p.16 v.使震惊;使惊愕 panic/'pænik/n. 惊恐;恐慌 culture shock(文化冲击)、shock wave(冲击波) panic attack(恐慌发作)、in panic(惊慌地) p.16 bleed /bli:d/v.(bled /bled,bled) onto /'pntu;'pntə/prep. 向;朝 jump onto(跳到…… 上)、climb onto(爬到…… 上) 流血;出血 throw/0ros/v.(threw/θru:/,thrown cblheeedc hkea v/iltyf(e大k/量v流. 检血)查、b;lee查d to明 death(流血致死) throw away(扔掉)、throw up(呕吐) p.16 /0rosn/)猛动身体(部位);扔;抛 n. 检查;调查 roll/rovl/v.(使)翻滚;滚动 p.16 check in(登记入住)、check out(结账离开) tight /tat/adj.疼痛的;憋气 roll over(翻滚)、roll up(卷起) quick /kwik/adj. 快的;迅速的 的; 紧的;牢固的 quick action(快速行动)、quick response(快速反应) adv. 迅速地;快速地 p.16 pe ti a gh n t u sc t h / e ' d p u i le : ( n 紧 ʌ 张 t/ 的 n 日 . 程 )花、h生old tight(抓紧) be about to即将;正要(做某事) p.16 peanut butter(花生酱)、peanut oil(花生油) nervously /'ns:vəsli/adv.紧张不安 st无o常p见 组sh词o,r为t固突定短然语,停意为住 “即将;正要(做某事)” p.16 look nervously(紧张地看)、talk nervously(紧张地交谈) 地 allergic/a'I3:dsik/adj.过敏的 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “突然停住” aid /erd/n.&v .帮助;援 p.16 from now on从现在起 first aid(急救)、aid agency(援助机构) allergic reaction(过敏反应)、allergic to pollen(对花粉过敏) 助 first aid急救 p.16 safirfset tayid k/it's(e急rf救ti箱/n). 安全;安全处所 p.16 Ben /ben/ 本 safety first(安全第一)、safety measure(安全措施) extinguisher/1k'stingwʃə(r)/n. 灭火器 p.16 Nancy/'nænsi/ 南希 fire extinguisher(灭火器) eat out上馆子吃饭;在外用餐 p.1 Jeff/dʒefl杰夫 toenati oguht to/ftetno('经na常i外t/出a就d餐v.)在今晚 7 James/dgeimz/詹姆斯 n.今夜;今晚 see you tonight(今晚见) Allen/'ælon/艾伦 sadly /'sæedli/adv.伤心地;令人遗憾 smile sadly(悲伤地微笑)、shake sadly(悲伤地摇头) p.17 Kelly/'keli/凯莉 smoke/ sməvk/n. 烟 v.吸烟;冒烟 smoke a cigarette(抽一支烟)、smoke alarm(烟雾报警器) p.17 Cooper/'ku:pə(r)/库珀 unfortunately/ʌn'fɔ:tʃənətli/ p.17 unfortunately enough(足够不幸地) adv.不幸地;可惜地 Unit 3 luckily /'Iʌkili/adv. 幸运地 luckily enough(足够幸运地) p.17 deal with处理;对付 badly/'bædli/adv.(worse/ws:s/, deal with a problem(处理一个问题) p.17 emotion/ɪ'mosʃjn/n.情感;情绪 worst/w3:st/)严重地 hurt badly(伤得很重)、need help badly(急需帮助) upset/△p'set/adj. 难过的;沮丧的 harm /ha:m/n.&v. 伤害;损害 upset stomach(肠胃不适)、be upset about(为…… 心烦) p.17 do harm to(对…… 有害)、harmful effect(有害影响) pill/pil/n.药丸;药片 emotion control(情绪控制)、emotion expression(情绪表达) p.17 sleeping pill(安眠药)、vitamin pill(维生素片) painful/ 'penfV adj.(身体部位) p.18 疼痛的;令人痛苦的 painful experience(痛苦的经历)、painful memory(痛苦的回忆) lie /la/v.(lay /lel,lain /leɪn/) p.18 平躺;平放 lie still(静静地躺着)、lie awake(躺着没睡着) lie down平躺;平卧 halire mdofwunl a/nd' hreast:(m躺f下l/休a息d)j.有害的 p.18 harmful substance(有害物质)、harmful radiation(有害辐射)p.18 p.1 8lonely /'ləvsnli/adj. 孤独的;寂寞的 shocked/ʃpkt/adj.震惊的 feel lonely(感到孤独)、lonely life(孤独的生活) p.18 be shocked at(对…… 感到震惊) alone /ə'loon/adv. 独自;单独 co li n ve t al r on o e( l/ 独 k 自 o 生 n 活 't ) r 、 ə g z o l a / l v on . e & (独 n 自 . 去控)制 p.18 take control of(控制;接管)、lose control of(失去对…… 的控制) anger /'ængə(r)/n. 怒火 hold back anger(抑制愤怒)、anger management(愤怒管理) advise /ad'vaz/v.建议;劝告 p.18 huratdfviusel s/b.' tho sd:o tstfh/.(a建dj议.某伤人做感某情事)的 hurtful words(伤人的话) p.18 p.19 p.19 p.19 p.19 p.19 p.12 p.12 p.13 p.16 p.16 p.18 p.19 p.21 p.21 p.22 p.22 p.22 p.22 p.22 p.22 p.22 p.22 Vocabulary in Each Unit 115in future 今后;从今以后 p.23 dare /dco(r)/v.&modalv.敢于 p.26 plan in future(未来的计划) evedarrey tbo odod syth .(/'e敢v于r做ib某p事d)i/ forgive /fə'gIv/v.(forgave /fə'gerv/, forgiven/fə'gIvn/) 原谅;宽恕 p.23 pron.每人;所有人 p.26 forgive others(原谅他人)、forgive oneself(原谅自己) everybody knows(每个人都知道) fault/fɔ:lt/n. 过错;责任 p.23 let down使失望 p.26 cle a a d r m it t f h au e l t( ai 承 r 认 错 尽 误 释 )、 前 fin 嫌 d fa ul t(挑错) let sb. down(让某人失望) p.26 p.23 be hard on对…… ·苛刻或过分严厉 pr 无 es 常 e 见 n 组 t 词 / , 'p 为 r 固 ez 定 n 短 t/ 语 n , . 意 礼 为 物 “尽释前嫌” p.23 playe b r e h a rd /' p on le c 1 hi ə ld ( r r e ) n / ( n 对 . 运 孩子 动 苛 员 刻) ;选手 p.26 birsthtdaayn pdreaserntd(生/'s日tæ礼物e)nd、aChdri/sntm.a标s pr准esen;t(圣水诞礼物) football player(足球运动员)、chess player(棋手) referee /,refa'ri:/n.裁判 平 adj.标准的 p.26 p.24 b a t s a k k et e ba l l re b fe a re c e k ( 篮 撤 球 回 裁判 ; ) 收回 high standard(高标准)、meet standard(符合标准) award/ 'wɔ:d/n. 奖;奖品 p.26 take back words(收回话) award ceremony(颁奖典礼)a、win an award(获奖) get across 解释清楚;传 p.24 decision/dr'srʒn/n.决定 p.26 达 clearly /'kliəli/adv. 清楚 make a decision(做决定)、final decision(最终决定) p.24 kick oneself(因干了蠢事等)自责 地get a message across(把信息传达清楚) p.24 或懊恼 p.26 pressure/ 'prefə(r)/n.压力 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “(因干了蠢事等)自责或懊恼” p.24 look on the bright side从好的方面想; work pressure(工作压力)、pressure from(来自…… 的压力) purpose/ 'p3:pəs/n.目的;意 p.25 抱乐观态度 p.26 图 on purpose故意;有意地 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “从好的方面想;抱乐观态度” p.25 score /skɔ:(r)/n. 得分;比分 p.26 on purpose(故意)、with purpose(有目的) reduce by half减少一 high score(高分)、score a goal(进球得分) p.25 proud /prasd/adj. 骄傲的;自豪的 p.26 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “减少一半” 半 apologize proud mother(自豪的母亲)、proud of achievement(为成就自豪) proud of为……感到骄傲 p.26 /ə'pplodʒarz/ be proud of success(为成功自豪) (=apologise)v.道歉 p.25 coach /kəstʃ/n.教练 p.26 football coach(足球教练) as well也;又 p.26 put oneaspeollofgiizne tos sbb'.(s 向s某h人oe道s歉设)身处地; as well as(也;和…… 一样) p.25 bit/bit/n.有点儿;稍微 p.26 处于某人的境地 a little bit(一点点) 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “设身处地;处于某人的境地” a bit有点儿;稍微 p.26 shut/JAt/v.(shut,shut)关闭;合 a bit cold(有点冷) p.25 repeat /r'pi:t/v. 重复 p.26 上; 住嘴 shut the door(关门)、shut up(住嘴) repeat a question(重复一个问题) shut sb/sth away把……关(藏)起 pull together齐心协力;通力合作 p.26 pull together to finish(齐心协力完成) 来; 隔离 p.25 though /8s/conj.虽然;尽管 p.27 shut away old books(把旧书藏起来) lastly/ 'la:stli/adv. 最后 p.25 ev e e ve n n th t o h ug o h u ( g 即 h 使 即 ) 使;虽然 p.27 lastly but not least(最后但同样重要的是) plenty/'plenti/pron.充足;丰富;大 p.25 sol 无 u 常 t 见 i 组 on 词 / , s 为 ə 固 ' 定 l 短 u: 语 J , n 意 / 为 n . “即 解 使; 决 虽 办 然” 法;解决 p.27 solution to a problem(问题的解决办法) 量 plenty of充足;大量 p.25 joyful/'d3ofl/adj.高兴的; fpleenetyl o f btimleu(e大感量的到时间忧)、郁pl的enty of food(大量的食物) p.26 令人愉快的 p.28 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “感到忧郁的” on top ofthe world欢天喜 joyful news(令人高兴的消息) p.26 thankful/'0æenkfl/adj.感谢的;感激 p.28 地无常 见 a 组 l 词 l , sm 为固 il 定 e 短 s 语 笑,意容为 “满欢天面喜地” thankful for help(对帮助表示感激) 的 p.26 negative/'negotiv/adj.否定的; low无常/ l见s/组a词dj,. 为 固 沮定短丧语,的意;为 低“笑容的满面” p.26 消极的 p.28 low price(低价)、low mood(低落的情绪) negative attitude(消极的态度) in low spirits 情绪低落;精神不 p.26 bully /'bzli/v.霸凌;恐吓 n.恶 p.28 振 无 常r见i组n词g, 为固定短语,意为 “情绪低落;精神不振” 霸 shout at sb冲某人喊叫 p.28 /rn/v.(rang/raen/,rung/raŋ/) p.26 fsrcohomol btuimlly(e校 t园o恶 t霸im)e、b不ully时 oth;ers(偶霸尔凌他人) 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “不时;偶尔” p.28 发出铃声 p.26 behave /br'herv/v.表现;举止得体 en rin t g e t r he / b ' e e ll( n 按 ta 铃 ( ) r) 、 / r v in . g 进 up( 入 打电话) behave well(表现好)、behave oneself(举止得体) p.28 enter the room(进入房间)、enter a competition(参加比赛) 116Vocabulary in Each Unitdifferently/'dfrontlil adv.不同 p.28 bottom /'bptom/n.底部;最下部 p.33 th地ink d iffperhenytlys(ic想s得 不/'同fi)z、ikbesh/anve. d物iffere理ntly;(表物现不同) p.2 wbaottetormf alinlel(/底'w线 ɔ ):、taaft toh:e 1b/ontt.om瀑(布在底 部 ) 理phy学sics class(物理课)、physics teacher(物理老师) 8 p.b3e4au tiful waterfall(美丽的瀑布) civilization /,sIvolar'zeɪfn/ awake /ə'werk/adj. 醒着的 p.28 (=civilisation)n. 文明 p.34 stay awake(保持清醒)、wide awake(完全清醒) normal /'nɔ:ml/adj. 正常的;普通的 p.28 ancient civilization(古代文明)、modern civilization(现代文明) m no a rm d a l l / if m e( æ 正常 d 生 /a 活 d ) j. 、 发retu狂rn to的 nor;mal(疯恢复的正常) means/mi:nz/n.(pl.means) 方式; p.28 mad about(对…… 着迷)、go mad(发疯) 途径 p.34 mean /mi:n/adj. 刻薄的;吝啬的 p.28 means of transport(交通工具)、by means of(通过;借助) mean person(刻薄的人)、mean to do sth.(打算做某事) development /dr’veləpmənt/ deep /di:p/adj.深的;有……深 p.28 的 de ept aseka( e 深 a 海 ) d 、 eedepep bbrreeatha ( th 深呼深吸)呼吸 n.发展;壮大 p.34 economic development(经济发展)、child development(儿童发展) p.28 pa 无 s 常 s 见 组 a 词 w , a 为 y 固 去 定短 世 语, ( 意 委 为 “深 婉 呼吸 说” 法) desert /'dezət/n.沙漠;荒原 p.34 an 无 y 常 b 见 o 组 d 词 y , 为 / 固 'e 定 n 短 i 语 b , p 意 di 为 / p “去 ro 世 n ( . 委 婉 任 说法 何 ) 人 ” p.29 cu d b es i e c rt / l ' a k nd j s u ca : p b e i ( k 沙 /a 漠 d 景 j 观 . ) 、 立 de 方 sert 的 anim al ( 沙 漠 动 物 ) p.35 cubic meter(立方米) rem any a bo i d n y e ls / e r ( i' 其 m 他 e 人 i ) n/ p.29 mile /mail/n.英里 p.35 square mile(平方英里)、a mile away(一英里远) aremain silent(保持沉默)、remain unchanged(保持不变) pool/ pu:l/n. 池塘;水坑 p.35 v.继续存在;保持不 swimming pool(游泳池)、pool of water(一滩水) 变 not only...but also p.29 climber/' klarmə(r)/n.攀登者;登山者 mountain climber(登山者) ... p.36 northern/'nɔ:oon/ 不但……而且…… p.29 adj.北部的;向北的 p.36 northern city(北方城市)、northern hemisphere(北半球) 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “不但…… 而且……” distance/'distons/n. 距离;遥远 p.36 long distance(长距离)、in the distance(在远处) Thompson/'tompson/汤普森 p.29 survive /sə'varv/v.生存;存活; 艰难度过 p.36 survive an accident(在事故中幸存)、survive on(靠…… 生存) condition /kon'dʃn/n.状态;境况 Unit 4 p.36 wonder/ 'wAndə(r)/n.奇观;惊叹 degree /dr'gri:/n. 度;度数;程度 p.36 v.琢磨;想知道;感到诧异 p.31 lcilvdii eng fgr f ece /o k ondl f it ite fimo/ pnn e(. ra生悬 tu活re 崖条(件温 ;)度 峭、度i数 壁n )go 、o dc o cllo eng dei tdie ogn r(e e状( 况 大 良学 p 好学 .3 )位 6 ) natural wonder(自然奇观)、wonder at(对…… 感到惊讶) steep cliff(陡峭的悬崖) measurement/'meʒomənt/n. 数量; changeable/'tfendʒəbl/ 测量 adj.可能变化的;易变的;常变的 p.3 unit of measurement(测量单位)、accurate changeable weather(多变的天气) square kilometre 平方千米 p.36 death /deθ/n. 死亡;毁灭;破灭 2 无常见组词,为固定短语,意为 “平方千米” below /br'lvs/prep.在(或 p.d3e6ath r adtee(t死e亡rm率)in、ecadu/sed oɪf' td₃e:amth(i死n因d/) p.32 到)…… 下面;少于;低于 adj. 有决心的;坚决的 adv. 在(或到)下面 p.36 above/a'bav/prep.在(或向) … … below zero(零下)、below average(低于平均水平) level /'levl/n. 高度;水平;程度 上面;超过 adv.在(或向)上面; su h r ig f h a l c ev e el( / 高 's 水 3 平 :f ) is 、 / w n at . e表r leve面l(水;位)表层 p.32 在(或向)高处;超过 p.36 determined look(坚定的神情)、be determined to do sth.(决心做某事) dseuprfatche/ a r eda( ep 表 0 面 / 积 n ) . 、深su(rfa度ce w)a;ter纵(地深表水) p.3 above all(首先;最重要的是)、above sea level(海平面以上) teammate/'ti:mmeit/ di d v e e pt h / o d f f a iel r d v ( / 景 v 深 .& )、 n d . e 潜 pth 水 of k ; now 跳 ledg 水 e(知 ; 识深 俯 度) 冲 2 n.同队队员;队友 p.36 dive into(跳入;投入)、scuba dive(水肺潜水) research/ri'ss:tf/v.&n.研究;调查 p.32 good teammate(好队友) shoulder /'Jəvldə(r)/n. 肩 膀;肩部 do research(做研究)、research project(研究项目) vessel/'vesl/n. 大船;轮船 p.33 shoulder pain(肩膀疼)、shoulder responsibility(承担责任) p.36 bit by bit 一 点 一 点 地 ; 逐 渐 地 cargo vessel(货船)、blood vessel(血管) unusual /An'ju:ʒuəl/adj.特别 p.33 p.3 无 6 常 l 见 a 组 d 词 de , r 为 /' 固 læ 定短 də 语 ( , r 意 )/ 为 n . “ 一 点梯一点子地;;逐渐阶地”梯;途径 的; 不寻常的 p.33 p.c3lim7b a ladder(爬梯子)、social ladder(社会阶层) unusual experience(不寻常的经历)、unusual weather(异常天气)p.33 p.33Vocabulary in Each Unit 117measure/'meʒə(r)/v.测量;量度为 reef/ri:f/n.礁;礁脉 p.39 measure:measure length(测量长度)、take reef:coral reef(珊瑚礁)、ocean reef(海洋暗 measunre.s 措(采施取;措度施)量单位 in礁c)lude /in'klu:d/v.包含;包括 p.39 successfully:complete successfully(成功 p完.成37) 、suacchcieesvsef usulclyce s/ssfɔukl'lsye(sf成ə功li/达成) s i a n n c d lu / d s e æ : n i d n / c n l . ud 沙 e 子 in( 包 括 在 … … 里 ) 、 in p c .3 lu 9 de risk:take a risk(冒险)、risk doing sth.(包括某物) sth.( a 冒 dv 险 . 做成某功事地);顺利地 p.37 a s l a i n v d e : /ə s ' a l nd a r b v e / a a c d h j ( .活 沙滩 着 ) ; 、 在 s 世 an ; d d 有 un 活 e( 力 沙 丘 p. ) 39 curiosity:out of curiosity(出于好奇)、 alive:stay alive(活着)、keep alive(使存活) rairsoku se/r icsukr/ivo.s i使ty (…引 起…好 奇冒心风)险(或面临 ssttrruuccttuurree/:'ssotcri ʌ akl ts ə t(rru)ct/unr.e结(社构会(结体构);)、 ambition:achieve one's ambition(实现抱 building structure(建筑结构) 负)、危wi t险h a m)b itino.n 危(有险抱;负风地)险 p.37 snor构ke造l:;go体 s系nor k e l in g ( 去 浮 潜 ) 、 s n o rkpe.l3 9 explorer:famous explorer(著名探险家)、 equipment(浮潜装备) cbruarvieo seixtpyl or/e,kr(jv勇ər敢i'p的s探ot险i/家) ssncohrokoell:/'as nscɔh:okoll/ vo.f使 f用ish呼(吸一管群潜鱼泳) simply:simply put(简单地说)、simply beautnif.u 好l(奇简心直太;美求了知)欲 turtle:sea turtle(海龟)、turtle shell(龟 risky:risky behavior(危险行为)、risky 壳)n.(浮潜用的)呼吸管 p.39 pin.v3e7st maemnbti(t有io风n险/æ的m投'b资rʃ)n/n. 追求的目标; lifetime:lifetime achievement(终身成就)、 school/sku:l/n. (鱼、鲸、海豚等的) southern:southern region(南部地区)、 during one's lifetime(在某人的一生中) south野ern心 ci;ty雄(南心方 城 市 ) p.37 群 p.39 located:be located in(位于)、located enexaprl(o坐re落r/在 ik…'s…p l附ɔ:近rə)(r)/ turtle/'ts:tl/n. 海龟;龟 p.39 freshwater:freshwater fish(淡水鱼)、 freshwater lake(淡水湖) n. 探险者;勘探者 p.37 lifetime/'larftam/n. 一生;终身 p.39 type:type of(…… 的类型)、different types(不同类型) simply /'simpli/adv. 仅仅;只;简单地 p.37 attract:attract attention(吸引注意 r力is)ky、 a/t'rtirsakcit/ atdoju. r i s有ts(危吸险引(游或客风)险)的 p.38 Nile/narl/River 尼罗河 p.32 curious:be curious about(对…… 好 s奇o)uth、ecrunr/i o u'ssA lðoəokn(/a好dj奇. 的 南表部情)的;向南的p.38 Angel/'eindʒI/Falls 天使瀑布 p.32 traveller:experienced traveller(有经验 l的oc旅at行ed者 ) 、/ləfosr'keeigrtnu dtr/aavdejl.位ler于(;外国坐游落客在) p.38 Mount Qomolangma natural:natural scenery(自然风景)、 fnrateusrhawla treerso/u'rfcreesf(w自o:然to资(r源)/)adj.淡水的; /'tʃəvməv,la:ŋma/ 珠穆朗玛峰 p.32 underwater:underwater world(水下世 界)、淡un水der中wa生ter长 ex的pl o ra t io n ( 水 下 探 索 ) p.38 Dead Sea死海 p.32 northeastern:northeastern part(东北 t部y)pe、 n/otrathrepa/snt.er类n w型in;d(种东北类风 ) p.38 Sahara /s'ha:rə/Desert 撒哈拉沙漠 p.32 coast:coast line(海岸线)、west coast a(tt西ra海ct岸/ə)'træekt/v. 吸引;招引; Mariana /,mæeri'æna/Trench/trentʃ/ coral:coral reef(珊瑚礁)、coral island 引起(反应) p.38 (珊瑚岛) 马里亚纳海沟 p.32 curious/ 'kjvərios/adj. 好奇的; Titanic/tar'tænik/泰坦尼克号 求知欲强的 p.38 p.33 Yangtze/'jaæntsi/River 长江 traveller/'træevələ(r)/(=traveler) p.34 n. 旅行者;游客 Egypt/'i:dʒipt/埃及 p.38 natural/'nætʃrəl/ p.34 Taklimakan/,tæklə'ma:kæn/Desert adj. 自然的;天然的;天生的 p.38 塔克拉玛干沙漠 p.34 underwater/,ʌndə'wɔ:tə(r)/ Mount Kilimanjaro/,krlimən'dʒa:ros/ adj.水下的;用于水下的 乞力马扎罗山 p.35 adv.在水下 p. Inga/'ingə/Falls 印加瀑布 p.35 northeastern/,nɔ:θ'i:ston/ East African Rift/rft/Valley/'væli/ adj.东北的;东北方向的 p.3 东非大裂谷 p.35 coast /kəost/n.海岸;海滨 9 Victoria/vrk'to:riə/Falls 维多利亚瀑布p.35 coral/'kbrəl/n. 珊瑚;珊瑚虫 p. George/d3ɔ:dʒ/Mallory/'mæləri/ 乔治 · 马洛里 p.37118 Vocabulary in Each Unit(pl.supplies)补给(品) Siberia /sar'biəria/西伯利亚 p.38 Lake Baikal/'baikæl/贝加尔湖 prepara v t . i 供 on: 应 m ; ake 供 pr 给 eparations(作准 p.44 备)、preparation work(准备工作) p.38 preparation /,prepə'rerjn/ power:power station(发电站)、power cut(停电) Belgium/'beldʒom/比利时 thick:nt.h i 准 ck 备 fog ( ( 工 浓 作 雾) ) 、 ;预 thi 备 ck book p.44 p.38 Great Barrier/'bæriə(r)/Reef大堡 (m厚a书ke) preparations作准 beat:beat heavily(猛烈敲打)、beat p.44 礁 p.39 th备e drum(击鼓) hide:hide quickly(快速躲藏)、hide and seek(捉迷藏) U t t e e n m m p p i e e t r r : ( 5 b 发 ad 脾 t 气 em ) per(坏脾气)、lose t p o o rn w a e d r o : / t ' o p rn a a z d o o ( r a ) ll / e n y . ( 电 龙 力 卷 供 风走 应 廊 ; ) 能 、 量; p.45 tornado warning(龙卷风预警) teeamrtphqeura/k'tee:mstproon(gr) /enar. t脾hqu气ake;(强怒地气 p.41 力量 schoolgirl:young schoolgirl(年轻女学 震)、earthquake prediction(地震预测) 生)、schoolgirl uniform(女学生校服) etayprhtohonq:uaskevee/r'e st:y0phkowoenr(k强/n台.风地)震、 p.42 soundly /'sasndli/adv. (睡觉)酣畅 foam:sea foam(海泡沫)、foam party typhoon warning(台风预警) p.45 twyipldhfoiorne :/ftoarre'sftu w:inl/dnf.ir台e(风森林野火)、 p.42 ( 泡 沫 派 地 对 ; ) 可靠地;完全彻底地 refuse:refuse firmly(坚决拒绝)、 wildfire prevention(野火预防) p.45 wsniolwdsftiorrem/:'wheaarvlyd fsanorw(srt)o/nrm.( 野大火暴雪)、 p.42 r e t f h u i s c e k t o /0 d 1 o k ( /a 拒 d 绝 j. 做 厚 ) 的;浓密的 security:public security(公共安全)、 snowstorm alert(暴雪警报) sfnlooowds:tfolromo/d 'dsinsaasstsetr(ɔ:洪m水/n灾.害雪)、 security guard(保安人员) gubaerda:t k/ebeip:t /gvu.a(rbde(a站t,b岗ea)te、ng/u'bair:dt n/) flood control(防洪) p.45 droug 暴 ht: ; se ve暴re风 dr雪ought(严重旱灾)、 p.42 a g a i n s t敲(;防范打) nearby:nearby shop(附近的商店)、 drought relief(抗旱) nearby park(附近的公园) warn:warn sb. of sth.(警告某人某 f 事 lo ) od 、 w / a f r l n a d a / g n a . i n 水 st( 灾 告 ; 诫 洪 不要 水 ) schreiadme: /shcraeradm/ vlo.u(dhliyd(/h大r声d/尖,h叫id)d、en/'hidn/) scream for help(尖叫求救) wave:ocean wave(海浪)、wave hello (挥手 v 打 .泛 招 滥 呼) ;淹没 p.42 t h a n k f u 躲 lly 藏 : ; tha 隐 nkf 蔽 ul ly e no u g h( 幸 好 ) 、 p.45 thankfully receive(感激地接受) tsunami:tsunami warning(海啸预警)、 drought/drast/n.久旱;旱灾 knowledge:knowledge level(知识水 tsunami evacuation(海啸疏散) p.42 tornado /tɔ:'nerdovs/n.龙卷风;旋风 p.45 平)、basic knowledge(基础知识) interview:job interview(工作面试)、 warn /wo:n/v. 警告;提醒注 thinking:critical thinking(批判性思 conduct an interview(进行采访) p.42 worst/w3:st/adj.&adv.最坏(的); 维)、way of thinking(思维方式) possibly:possibly true(可能是真的)、 意 do chores做家务 except for:except for this(除了这个) not possibly(不可能) p.42 最糟(的) p.46 as soon as:as soon as possible(尽 report:news report(新闻报道)、report wave /werv/n. 波浪;波;挥手 快)、as soon as he comes(他一来 a crime(报案) schoolgirl/'sku:lgs:/n. (学校的)女生 就……) neighvbo.挥urh手ood;:挥qui舞et neighbourhood(安 hero:national hero(民族英雄)、war 静的街区)、neighbourhood watch(邻里守 p.46 p.43 froth /froθ/n.泡;泡沫 hero(战争英雄) t望su)nami/tsu:'na:mi/n.海啸 roof:house roof(房屋屋顶)、roof p.46 ignartedernv(ie屋w顶 /花'n园to)vju:/n.采访;面试 nearly:nearly done(几乎完成)、nearly p.43 refuse /re'fju:z/v. 拒绝;退却 p.46 empty(几乎空了) v.采访;对(某人)进行面试 trouble:in trouble(处于困境)、 security/si'kjaərəti/n. 安全;保安; ptorosusbilbel ym a k/e'pr(ps麻ob烦li制/a造dv者. ) 可能;或许 relative:close relative(近亲)、 p.43 保障 p.46 rdeipsotarnt/t rreil'paɔti:tv/en(.&远v亲. ) 汇报;报道 truck:delivery truck(送货卡车)、 p.43 guard /ga:d/n.卫兵;保卫 v.保卫 neighbourhood /'nerbəhod/ truck driver(卡车司机) supply:supply chain(供应链)、water p.46 p.43 security guard保安人员 supplny(.街供水区);临近的地方 p.46 roof/ru:f/n. 屋顶;顶部 nearby/,na'bai/adj. 附近的 nearly/'niəli/adv.几乎;差不 p.43 adv.在附近 p.46 多; 将近 p.43 scream /skri:m/v.尖叫 p.46 trouble /'trʌbl/n. 苦恼;困难 thankfully /'θæŋkfoli/ v.使忧虑、苦恼;劳驾;麻 烦 relative/'relɔtiv/n.亲戚;亲 p.43 adv.幸亏;感激地 p.47 属 knowledge /'nplidʒ/n.知识;学问 truck/trʌk/n.卡车 p.47 p.43 thinking/'θiŋkiŋ/n.思考;想法 supply/s'plai/n.供应(量); p.47 p.44 except for除……之外 p.47 p.44 as soon as—…… 就…… p.47hero /'hrarəs/n.(pl.heroes) 英雄; Vocabulary in Each Unit 119男主角;偶像 p.47 as a result:as a result finally(最终 landslide:mountain landslide(山体滑 a 结 s 果 a 是 re ) s 、 ul a t s 因 a 此 result consequently(因 p.49 la 坡 nd ) s 、 li l d an e d / s ' l l i æ de n d w s a l rn a i i n d g / ( n 滑 .( 坡 山 预 坡 警 或 ) 悬崖的) 此) safeguard:safeguard one's rights(维护 u un n l l u u c c k k y: y un / l A u n c ' k l y a a k c i c / i a d d e j nt . ( 不 不 幸 幸的事 某人滑的坡权利;)塌、方sa fe g u ar d t he e nv i r on m e nt p.48 故)、unlucky experience(不幸的经历) 的; 不顺利的;不吉利的 (保护生态环境) rainy:rainy season(雨季)、rainy day p.49 saffleogoduwaartde/r:'sfeliofodgwaa:tde/rv l.e保ve护l(;洪捍水水卫 rfauinndy( 应 /'急re基ni金/a)dj. 阴雨的;多雨的 位)、floodwater rescue(洪水救援) go wrong:go wrong badly(严重出问 p.49 manp n o . w 安 er: 全 ma 设 np 施 owe r s h o rt a g e ( 人 力 短 p.48 g题o) 、wgroo nwgro出ng 现co问mpl题et;ely发(完生全故出障问;题)搞错 缺)、manpower allocation(人力分配) shake:shake firmly(用力握手)、shake p.49 flhoeoadrtwbaetaetr:/h'efalrAtbdewaɔt :rthoy(thrm)(/n心.跳洪节水 slightly(轻轻摇晃) 奏)、heartbeat monitor(心跳监测仪) bow:bow respectfully(恭敬地鞠躬)、 p.4r8es cmuea:nrpeoscwuee rm/i'mssæionn(pa救o援o(任r)务/)、 Tboiwl lfyo/r'mtallliy/(蒂正莉式鞠躬) rescue helicopter(救援直升机) bump:bump lightly(轻轻碰撞)、bump p.46 heat n w . a 劳 ve: 动 he 力 at ; wav 人 e 力 adv i so r y ( 热 浪 警 p.48 Phahrdu(ke猛t/烈,p碰u撞:'k)et/ 普吉岛 报)、heatwave impact(热浪影响) fist:fist pump(挥拳打气)、fist fight p.46 hesairncteb:easitn/c'e hcah:itldbhio:otd(/n自.幼心以跳来()声、) I(n拳do斗ne)sia/,mda'ni:3ə/ 印度尼西亚 since last week(自上周以来) rub:rub softly(轻轻揉搓)、rub p.46 p.4s8o u trhewsecsutee/r'rne:sksojuut:/hnw.e s t救ern援 d i revc.t援io救n ;营救 vigJoarpoausnl/dy(sa用'p力æn揉/ 搓日)本 (西南方向)、southwestern province(西 kiss:kiss passionately(深情亲吻)、 p.48 p.南48省 h份e)atwave/'hi:twerv/n.热浪 kiss friendly(友好亲吻) firefighter:firefighter equipment(消 cheek:cheek pinch(捏脸颊)、cheek p.48 since /sins/prep.,adv.&conj. 防员装备)、firefighter hero(消防员英 U tou n ch i ( t 摸 6 脸颊) 雄) hug:hug comfortingly(安慰地拥抱)、 volu自nte…er:…v以olu后nt;eer从 or…ga…niz以at来ion(志愿 shuhga hkapep/ifleyr(k快/v乐.(地sh拥o抱ok)/jokl,shaken 组织)、volunteer activity(志愿活动) embarrassed:embarrassed smile(尴尬的 terrciobnljy.: 既te然rri;bl由y s于orr y ( 非 常 抱 歉 ) 、 p.48 微笑)/、'Jeembiakrərans/s)ed与 l(oo某k(人尴)尬握的手神;情)摇动 terribly hot(非常热) confused:confused expression(困惑的表 p.52 soaulathrmw:easltaerrmn s/,yssatzems(θ'警w报es系to统n)/ 、false b情o)w、 c o/nbfauzsse/dv .m&innd.(鞠困躬惑的思绪) alarm(误报) formal:formal invitation(正式邀请)、 p.52 wakea dujp.: 西wa南ke 的up; na西tur南al方ly(向自的然醒 f b o u r m mal p / e b d ʌ uc m at p io /v n( .碰 正规 ; 教 撞 育) p. 来)、wake up to reality(清醒地认识现 curry:curry chicken(咖喱鸡)、curry fi实re)fighter/'farofaito(r)/n.消防队员 48 saucen(.咖 碰喱撞酱);(撞击造成的)肿块 vo go lu o n f t f e : e a r l a / r ,v m p g l o a n of 't f i a s ( u r d ) d / e n n . l 志 y( 愿 警报 者 突 ; 然 rude:rude comment(粗鲁的评论)、rude 响起)、lights go off(灯熄灭) f ma i n s n t e / r f ( is 粗 t/ 鲁 n. 的 拳 举 头 止) p.52 review:review schedule(复习计划)、 uncommon:uncommon ability(非凡的能 revi自ew 告per奋fo勇rma者nc e( v回.自顾表愿现做);义务做 p.48 力 ru ) b/ 、 r u A n b co / m v m . o 摩 n b 擦 ea ; uty 揉 (罕见的美丽) p.52 te s rr u i d b d l e y n : s / u 't d e d r e o n b l d i e / c a i d s v i . o n ( 非 突 常 然 糟 的决 地 定 ; ) 非 、 常p.49 p k a i l s m s : /k pa is l / m v . p r 亲 int 吻 ( 掌 纹 n ) . 吻 、palm reading sudden stop(突然停止) (看手相) p.52 al t t a h h r u u m n n d d e e / r r : ə a 'l t n a h d u :m n l d i e g / r h n t . c n r i 警 a n s g h ( 报 ( 雷 雷 ( 电 器 声 ) 轰 ) 鸣 ;惊 )、 p.4 f f c o o h r r e k k e : ( k f 沙 /t o ʃ r 拉 i k :k 叉 a /n n ) d . k n脸ife颊(刀叉)、salad p.52 恐us uaall:arumsu acll roocukti闹ne(钟日常惯例)、usual 9 h In u d g i a n /h : ʌ I g n / d v i . a & n n f . e s t拥iva l抱(印度节日)、 place(常去的地方) Indian cuisine(印度美食) p.52 woaukt eo fu pbr醒eat来h:run out of breath(跑得 p.4 embarrassed/m'baerəst/adj.尴尬的 上气不接下气)、climb out of breath(爬 9 p.52 go山 爬 o得ff(上警气不报接器下等气))突然发出巨响 confused/kon'fju:zd/adj.困惑的 rainstorm:rainstorm warning(暴雨预 p. p.52 re警vi)e、w r/ariin'stvojrum: /davm.a复ge习(暴;雨回破顾坏;)复查 formal/'fo:ml/adj. 正式的 49 p.52 n.回顾;审查 curry/'kari/n.咖喱菜 p. p.52 sudden /'sʌdn/adj. 突然的;骤然的 rude/ru:d/adj. 粗鲁的 49 p.53 all of a sudden突然;猛地 uncommon /△n'komen/adj.罕见 thunder/'θAndo(r)/n.雷;雷声 p.53 的; 不寻常的 p. v.打雷;发出雷鸣般响声 palm/pa:m/n. 手掌 49 by the time到……的时候 p.53 namaste 有礼了(印度人行合十礼 p. usual /'ju:3uəl/adj.通常的;寻常 p.53 时口中所念之词) 49 的 out of breath上气不接下气 fork/ fɔ:k/n. 叉子 rainstorm/'reinstɔ:m/n.暴风雨 p. p.53 Indian/'ndion/adj.印度的;印度人的 49 p.53 120 Vocabulary in Each Unitn.印度人 unsafe/△n'serf/adj.不安全的;危险 p. p.58 的 mmaannnneerr: /g'omoædn mə(arn)n/enrs.(方有式礼;貌)、 53 unsafe:unsafe condition(不安全的状 p.5 table manners(餐桌礼仪) (pl.manners) 礼仪 况)im、pruonpsearfe /pmla'cper(pp不ə安(r全)/的a地dj方.不)合适 confusing:confusing question(令人 8 improper:improper action(不当行 的 困惑的问题)、confusing situation(令 so...that 如此……以至于 为)、improper comment(不当评论) 人困惑的情况) p. p.58 ucnolensfsu:siunngl/eksosn n'fejcue:zsmsa/ry(除非必 info in r f m o a rm l:a i l n / f n o 'f r o m : a m l l m /a e d e j t . i非ng正(非式正的式 会 要)、unless invited(除非被邀请) 54 议)、informal dress(非正式服装) p.58 jejaenanss: /bdlu3ei :jenza/nns.(牛蓝仔色裤牛仔裤)、 propeard:j.p 令rop人er困 w惑ay的(恰;当难的以方理式解)的、 proper behavior(恰当的行为) p. w m ea a r r r j y e a n /' s m ( æ 穿 eri 牛 /v 仔 .结裤婚);娶;嫁 p.58 e u lb n o le w s : s e / lbəo n' w l e jo s i / n c t o ( n 肘 j. 关 除 节 非 ) ; 、 如 el 果 bow 54 m mc a ao r rn r rg y yr : yato m uul a an r tg r e y ( s 早 b . 婚/ ( k)o 和 n' 某 gr 人 ae 结 tfu 婚 le ) rt/ 、 v. 祝贺 p.58 room(活动空间) 不 congratulate:congratulate sb. on sth. serving:serving size(份量)、 (因某As事ia祝n/贺'er某fn人/ad)j.、亚c洲on的gratulate sperrovpinegr d i/s'phr(op分ə(菜r)盘/ad)j. 恰当的;正确的p.54 success(祝贺成功) chopstick:wooden chopstick(木筷 n. 亚洲人 p.58 子si)t 、upu s 坐 e 直 ch o p s ti c k ( 用 筷 子 ) p.54 Asian:Asian country(亚洲国家)、 ekmebeapr…rasosfinfg :使e不mb碰ar到ras;sin使g 避mo开me n t p.54 A t t r r a s d a ia i d n ti i o t c n i u o : l n tu f a r /t e m r ( o il ' y 亚 d r t 洲 ʃ r n a 文 d /n it 化 . i o 传) n(家庭传 p.58 (令人尴尬的时刻)、embarrassing meilsbtaokwe/('e令lb人ə尴vs尬/n的.手错误肘) p.54 统统) 、ficrustltluyr a/'lf 3tr:asdtliit/ion(文化传统) firstly:firstly of all(首先)、firstly c 异s u e) lt r u 、v r i a cn l u : gl/t c u' u sra l 3 t l u : hv ra eI l nr i d /ta i a f gd fe ej r .( e 分 n 文 c 菜 e 化 ( 遗用 文 产的 化 ) 差 imporatadnvt.(第首一先;重要首的先) p.58 secondly:secondly reason(第二个原 custom:social custom(社会习俗)、 secondly /'sekondli/adv.第二;其 n. 一份食物 p.54 因)、secondly point(第二点) p.58 local custom(当地习俗) 次 thirdly:thirdly factor(第三个因素)、 occhcoaspisotni:cks/p e'tcfioapl sotcikca/ns.io(uns(ua特ll殊y 场pl.) p.58 thtihridrlyd lsyte/p'0(s:第dl三i/步a)dv.第三 合)、formal occasion(正式场合) correctly:answer correctly(正确回 blous筷e:子co tt o n b lo u s e ( 棉 衬 衫 ) 、 p.54 答c)or、rescptleyl l c/okorr'reecktltyli(/ad正v确. 拼正写确)地; beautiful blouse(漂亮的衬衫) psreivravtien:g p crihvoaptes tliifcek(s私 公 人 筷 生 活 ) 、 p.54 receiv 得 e: 体 re 地 ceive letter(收到信件)、 p.58 receive gift(收到礼物) private space(私人空间) w e h m et b h a e r r r : as w s h in e g th /m er ' b o æ r n ro ot s ( in 是 / 否)、 s r ig e n ce - i o v f e f / : r e ɪ' m s a i i : l v s / i v g . n 收 - o 到 ff(邮件结 p.59 尾)、letter sign - off(信件结尾) whether possible(是否可能) adj. 使人难堪的 main:main idea(主要思想)、main p.59 married:married couple(已婚夫 sign-off/'sain of/n.结束写 reason(主要原因) 妇p).55、 gebte m/gaertrie d(us结ed婚 )to 习 惯 于 fa信lse :mfaailns e/ minfeonr/madatji.o n主(要错的误信息)、 p.59 unsafe:unsafe condition(不安全的状 况 p ) .55 、 ucnulstaufrea pl/la'ckea(ltf不or安ə全l/的ad地j.方与)文化有关 fa in ls o e n h e o 's p e f ( or 虚 tie 假 s 希 四 望 十 ) 多岁 p.59 impression:good impression(好印 improper:improper action(不当行 为 的 ) ; 、improper comment(不当评论) 象f)al、sef/irfs:tl ism/pardejs.s错io误n(的第;一不印象真)实的 p.59 cheer:cheer up(使振作)、cheer for inform文al化:i的nfo r m a l m e e ti n g ( 非 正 式 会 p.55 (i为mp…re…ss 欢io呼n)/m'prefn/n.印象 议)、informal dress(非正式服装) p.59 hear from得到……消息 p.56 cheers:say cheers(说 “干杯”)、 jeans:blue jeans(蓝色牛仔裤)、 cheer /tʃiə(r)/n.欢呼 v.庆祝 cheers to sb.(为某人干杯) p.59 wear jeans(穿牛仔裤) m c a u r s r t y: om m /' a k rr ʌ y s s t b ə .( m/ 和 n. 某 习 人 俗 结婚 ) 、 p.56 cheers /tfiaz/interj.再见;干杯 p.59 marry young(早婚) occasion/a'kerʒn/n. 场合;重大活动 p.56 nicely /'narsli/ Ji-Hoon 智勋(朝鲜或韩国人 p.52 adv. 漂亮地;令人愉快地 p.56 名) Kaito 海斗(日本人名) p.52 blouse/blacsz/n.(女式)衬衫或短上衣 Marie/mə'ri:/玛丽 p.52 p.56 private /'praivV Türkiye /'tzsakijə/土耳其 p.55 adj.不喜欢谈论私事的;私人的 Mexico/'meksikov/墨西 p.55 p.56 whether /'weoo(r)/conj.是否 哥 p.56 p.55 Peru/pə'ru:/ 秘鲁 married/'mærid/adj.已婚的;婚姻的 p.56 p.55 Germany/'d33:məni/德国 merci 谢 谢 ( 法 语 ) p.56 Paris /'pæeris/巴黎(法国首都) p.57 go a long way 帮 助 很 大 p.57 au revoir 再 见 ( 法 语 ) p.57Vocabulary in Each Unit 121Unit 7 以……为根据 p. a good read好的读物;好 summary/'sʌməri/n. 总结;概 65 adventure:adventure story(冒险故 书 (或文章等) 事)、adventure travel(冒险旅行) p.6 summ s a p ry o : ile w d r / i s t p e o i a l d s / u a m d m j. a ( r = y s ( po 写 il 总 t/s 结 po ) il 、 t/) summary afdanvteansytu:refa/əntda'svye nwtoʃrəl(dr()/n幻.冒想世险界;) 、 1 report(总结报告) fantasy novel(幻想小说) self宠ish坏:的se;lfi娇sh惯 p坏ers的on(自私的人)、selfish p. myste 冒 ry 险 : 经 mys 历 tery novel(悬疑小说)、 act(自私的行为) selfish /'selfif/adj.自私的 f s a o n l t v a e s a y / m ' y f s e t n e t r o y s ( i/ 解 n. 开 幻 谜 想 团 ; ) 幻想作品 lock:lock the door(锁门)、safety lock 6 ( 6 安 fiction:science fiction(科幻小说)、 p. 全锁) lock /lok/v.用锁锁上 n.锁 mhyissttoerriyc/a'lm fiiscttriio/n(n.历悬史疑小小说说)(或电影、62 unlock:unlock the secret(揭开秘密)、p. detective:detective story(侦探故 luonclkoc ku pth锁e 好pho(n建e(筑解锁物手的机)) 事)、戏p剧riv)a;t神e d秘et的ect事iv物e(;私奥家秘侦探 ) p.62 hidden:hidden treasure(隐藏的宝藏)、66 门 alien:alien creature(外星生物)、 hidden meaning(隐含意义) f a i l c i ti e o n n / p 'f l i a k n j e n t / ( n. 外 星 小 球 说 ) p.62 utnhleorcekf o/reA:n'tlhoekr/evf.o开re …re…su的lt(锁因;此结果)、 sactitaecnkc:e sfudidcetni oantt科ack幻(小突说然袭(或击影)、片等) p.62 therefore conclusion(因此结论) attack enemy(攻击敌人) stat发e:现st;at揭e o开f m in d ( 精 神 状 态 ) 、 st a t ep .t6h6e dfeotreccet:ivfeo/rdcre' tsbe.k ttiov /dno. 侦st探h.(强迫某人 fact(陈述事实) p. hidden/ 'hrdn/adj. 隐藏的;秘密的 p.66 做某事)、military force(军事力量) weak:weak point(弱点)、weak body(虚弱的 62 asltieeanl/:'esitleialə nm/onn.e外y(星偷人钱)、steal a n 身 ob 体 od ) y/ 'novbədi/pron.没有人; car(偷汽车) secretly:secretly do(秘密地做)、secretly a p t u t n a i c s k h : /a p ' u tæ ni k s / h v .& sb n . . f o 攻 r s 击 th ; .( 进 因 攻 某事惩 p 6 . 2 plan谁(秘也密不计 划 ) p.66 罚某人)、punish severely(严厉惩罚) prove:prove sth.(证明某事)、prove useful h i i d s i t o o m r : ic E a n l g l / i h s r h 's t i o d r i i o k m l/ ( ad 英 j. 语 历 习 史 语) 的 、 ; p. t(he证re明fo有re用 )/'ðeəfɔ:(r)/adv. 因此;所以 p.66 commo有n 关id历iom史(的常见习语) 62 reader:book reader(读书的人)、newspaper state/stert/n.状态;国家;州 recently:recently published(最近出版 reader(报纸读者) f的or)ce、 /rfeɔc:esn/vt.l y 强 h 迫 ap ; pen 迫 ( 使 最近 ; 发 用 生 力 的 推 ) 动 librarian:school librarian(学校图书管理 v.陈述;说明 p.66 lost:get lost(迷路)、lost key(丢失 员)、public librarian(公共图书管理员) 的钥匙 n. ) 力;武力 p. wceoanks/id ewri::kclon saiddje.r虚 do弱in的g ;sth(.能(力考虑)弱做的某 recommend:recommend a book(推荐一本 63 事)、consider carefully(仔细考虑) steal/sti:I/v.(stole /staol,stolen 书)、recommend sb.(推荐某人) pe.n6e6my:enemy army(敌军)、personal enemy socie/'sttyəv:sləmno/d) e r n 偷 s o;ci 窃et y取(现代社会)、 s ( ec 私 re 敌 tly ) / 'si:krətli/adv. 秘密地 social society(社团) p.6 naughty:naughty child(淘气的孩子)、 p. punish/'pʌntʃ/v.惩罚;处罚 literary:literary work(文学作品)、 3 p n r a o u v gh e t y /p b ru eh :v av /v i . o ( r p ( ro 淘 ve 气 d, 的 pr 行 ov 为 e ) d 或 ildiitoemra/r'1yd siotymle/n(.习文学语风;格成)语 proved,proven/'pru:vn/) 证明; base:base on(以…… 为基础)、 p. rmeicleitnatrlyy b/'aris:es(nt军li/事ad基v.地最)近;不久前 证实;显示是 63 p.6 lost /lost/adj.迷路的;丢失 get to one's feet站起身来 6 p. 的; 失去的 day by day一天天;逐日 p. 63 get lost迷路 build-up/'brldʌp/n. 准备期; 66 p. hear of 听说;得知 准备过程 p. 64 recommend /,rekə'mend/ climax/'klarmæks/n. 高潮;极点 66 v.推荐;建议 effect /i'fekt/n.影响;结 p.6 society /sə'saroti/n.社会;社团 4 果 in time来得及;及时 p.6 reader/'ri:do(r)/n.读者;简易读物 7 literary/'ltorəri/adj.文学 p.6 的; 文学上的 librarian/lar'breorion/n. 图书管理员; p. 4 base /beis/v.把(总部等)设在 p. 图书馆馆长 67 n. 根基;基础;根据地 65 consider /kon'sido(r)/ p. base on以……为基础; 1.认为;仔细考虑 67 enemy /'enomi/n.敌 p.6 8 人 naughty/'nɔ:ti/adj.淘气的 p.6 8122 Vocabulary in Each Unitgengtleen:tleg/e'dnʒtleen ttlo/uadchj.( 温 温柔柔的的触 摸 ) 、 p.68 /'wandolend/《 爱丽丝梦游仙境》 p.64 gentle breeze(微风) defeat/di'fi:t/v.击败;战胜 Lewis/'lu:is/Carroll/'kærəl/ defeat:suffer a defeat(遭受失败)、 defeat the enemy(击败敌人) n. 失败;击败 p.68 刘易斯 · 卡罗尔 recommendation:give a recommendation (给 p 出 .6 推 4 r荐e)co、mfomlloewn daa reticoonm/m ,reenkdoamtioenn'derʃn/ The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (遵循建议) basic:bna.s 推ic 荐kn;ow提led议ge ( 基 础 知 识 ) 、 p.69 /'sɔ:jə(r)《 汤姆 · 索亚历险记》 baspic. 6s4ki l b ls a ( si 基 c 本 /'b 技 ers 能 ik ) l adj.基本的;初步的 p.69 The Little Prince《小王子》 American:American culture(美国文 化) p 、 .65 A m A e m r e ic r a i n c a pe n o / pəle ' ( me 美 ri 国 ko 人 n ) /adj.美国的; The Little Match Girl bone:human bone(人骨)、animal bone 美洲的 n.美国人;美洲人 p.69 《卖火柴的小女孩》 p.65 (动物骨头) doubbot:nien/ dboouzbnt(/n存.骨在头疑问 ) 、 w it h o ut p.69 Outlaws /'astlo:z/ofthe Marsh /ma:f/ doubt(毫无疑问) desdtroouyb:t de/sdtarooyt /cvo.m怀pl疑ete ly (n.彻疑底惑摧;不确定p.69 《水浒传》 p.65 毁)、destroy the building(摧毁建筑物) introddesutcrotioyn/d:i'sbtrrioeif/ vin. t r o 破du坏cti;on摧(毁简要 介 p.69 My Childhood /'tfarldhzd/《童 年 》 p.66 绍)、self - introduction(自我介绍) introduction /,intrə'dʌkfn/ The Wonderful Wizard /'wIzəd/of n.介绍;序言;采用 p.69 Oz/ɔz/《绿野仙踪》 p.66 ADream of Red Mansions/'mænfnz/ Journey to the West《西游记》 p.62 《红楼梦》 p.66 Harry Potter/'ppto(r)/and the Treasure Island《金银岛》 p.66 Philosopher's/fa'lpsafo(r)z/ Red Star over China《红星照耀中国》 p.66 Stone /stoon/《哈利 · 波特与 The Secret Garden《秘密花园》 p.66 魔法石》 p.62 Frances/'fra:nsis/Hodgson/'hddʒsn/ The Time M.ichine《时间机器》 p.62 Burnett/bs:'net;'bs:nit/ p.66 The Final Problem《最后一案》 p.62 弗朗西斯 · 霍奇森 ·伯内特 The Three-Body Problem《三体》 p.62 Lennox/'lenəks/伦诺克斯 p.66 Around the World in Eighty Days Craven/'kreivn/克雷文 p.66 《八十天环游世界》 p.62 Dickon/'dikon/迪康 p.66 Sherlock/'J3:lok/Holmes /həvmz/ Colin/'kplin/科林 p.66 夏洛克 · 福尔摩斯 p.62 The Old Man and the Sea《老人与海》p.69 Ernest/'3:nist/Hemingway/'heminwei/ The Romance /ros'mæns/of the Three Kingdoms/'kindomz/ 欧内斯特 · 海明威 p.69 《三国演义》 p.63 Pulitzer/'politza(r)/Prize普利策奖 p.69 Oliver/'plivə(r)/Twist /twist/ 《雾都孤儿》 p.63 Unit 8 Charles /tfa:lz/Dickens/'drkinz/ make a difference有 ( 重 要 ) 作 用 p.71 查尔斯 · 狄更斯 p.63 visitor /'vizito(r)/n. 参观者;来访者 p.72 Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland elderly /'eldəli/adj. 年纪较大的; Vocabulary in Each Unit 123上了年纪的 p.72 实际的 p.77 p.72 the elderly老人;上了年纪的人 liflei-fsea v- insagv/i'lnagf: sleiivfeI n-/ asdajv.救ing命 equipment(救 organization:non - profit organization 生设备)、life - saving operation(救生手 (or非ga营n利iz组ati织on) 、/,ɔi:ngtəernnaaɪt'zieoinʃanl/ 术)的; 救生的 p.77 organization(国际组织) teamwork:good teamwork(良好的团队合作)、 (=organisation)n. 组织;团体; teamwork /'ti:mws:k/n.团队合作 stadium:football stadium(足球场)、 teamwork spirit(团队合作精神) p.77 olympic stadium(奥林匹克体育场) provi 机 de: 构 p r o v i de s u p p o rt ( 提 供 支 持 ) 、 p.72 su s c u c c e c s es s s f f u u l l / : so s k u ' c s c e es s s f f / u a l d j b . u 成 sin 功 ess(成功的企 业)、successful project(成功的项目) p s r t o a v d i i d u e m f / o ' o s d t ( ei 提 d 供 io 食 m/ 物 n. ) 体育馆;运动场 p.72 val的ue:;hi g有h 成val就ue的(高价值)、cultural value owner:car owner(车主)、house owner (文化价值) p.77 (pr房ov主id)e /prə'vaid/v.提供;给予 p.72 mvoosltu n t oarfayl:l最vol主un要ta的ry 是work(志愿工作)、 cage:bird cage(鸟笼)、animal cage p.77 voluntary service(志愿服务) (ow动ne物r 笼/子')ssnə(r)/n.主人;物主 p.73 value /'vælju:/n.重要作用;价值 ordinary:ordinary people(普通人)、 p.77 donation:cash donation(现金捐赠)、 ordinary day(平常的一天) c c l a o g t e hi / n k g e i d d onʒa / t n i . o 笼 n( 子 衣物 捐 赠 ) p.73 voluntary /'vplontri/adj.自愿 worth:worth doing(值得做)、worth money interviewer:job interviewer(工作面试 donation /dov'nerʃn/n.捐赠物;捐赠 p.73 (值的钱;) 无偿的 官)、news interviewer(新闻采访者) audience:large audience(大量观众)、p.77 sihnetletrverie:wheomr e l/'eisnsto svhjeul:tɔe(rr()/n无.面家可试归官者;的 ortdairngaerty a u/d'iɔe:ndcner(i/目ad标j.观平众凡) 庇护所)、emergency shelter(应急庇护 willing:willing to help(愿意帮忙)、 的; 普通的 所) 采访者 p. willing participant(自愿的参与者) youth:youth club(青年俱乐部)、youth 73 wosrutcche/s sw:s:a9ch/iaedvje. 值suc得ce;ss有(取价得值成功)、p.77 csuhletlutreer(/'青fe年lt文ə(化r))/n.庇护所;居所 success story(成功故事) active:active member(积极成员)、 audience/' ɔ:dions/n.听众;观众 p.77 elder:elder sister(姐姐)、elder brother youth /ju:0/n. 青年;青年时期 p. active lifestyle(积极的生活方式) (哥哥) a a r c m t y iv : e n a / t 'æ io k n t a iv l / a a d r j m . y ( 活 国 跃 家 的 军 ; 队) 积 、 极 a 的 rmy 73 w d il o l n in a g te /' : wi d l o in n / a a t d e j . m o n e 乐 y( 意 捐 的 款 ; ) 愿 、 意 don 的 at e b p lo .7 od 7 soldier(军队士兵) (献血) pcroimmea r y:alpornigma赶ry快 s;cho跟ol着(来小学)、 p. on p oc t k h e e t : go po 忙 ck 碌 et 的 money(零花钱)、pocket p s .7 iz 7 e primary color(原色) army /'a:mi/n. 军队 74 in( 口ne袋ed大处小于)贫困中;生活困 p.78 charity:charity event(慈善活动)、 effort:make effort(努力)、joint effort c l p h a r a d i r y m i : a t r y y y o w u o n / r g ' k ( l p a r 慈 d a y m 善 (ər 工 年 i/ 作 轻 ad ) 女 j 士 .小 ) 学 、 教 ele 育 gant p 4 .7 难 ( ta 共 l s e u 同 n c t c 努 : e 力 m s u s ) s / i s c ə a k l 's t e al s e /n nt .成 (音 功 乐天赋)、ta p le .7 nt 8 elder/'elda(r)/adj.(尤指家庭中两个 lady(的优;雅 的首女要士的) show(才艺表演) p.78 gentleman:polite gentleman(有礼貌的先 p. adve成rt员ise)m年en龄t:较co长mme的rcial advertisement(商 生he)lp、 ooludt g分en担tl工ema作n(;年帮长忙的做先生) 74 业广告)、newspaper advertisement(报纸广 donate /dos'nert/v.捐赠;赠送 bark:dog bark(狗叫)、bark loudly(大 charity /'tfaeroti/n. 慈善机构 p. 告) 声吠叫) p.78 75 pocket /'ppkit/n.口 袋 adult(:或ad组ult织 e)du;c慈ati善on事(成业人教育)、 adult responsibility(成人的责任) p.78 effort/ 'efət/ n. 努力;艰难的尝试 mwisasrminlgy: m/'iwsosi:mngl i/paedrvs.o n (热失情踪地人;员温)暖、地p.75 p.78 missing item(丢失的物品) hand out 分发 plardacyt i/c'laelrd:i/pnr a c.t女ic士al ;ad淑vi女ce ( 实 用 的 建 p.76 p.78 议)、practical skill(实用技能) familiar with通晓;熟悉 gentleman /'dʒentlmən/ talent/'tælənt/n.才能;天赋;天才 p.78 n.(pl.gentlemen/'dʒentlmon/) p.79 madam/ 'mædom/n. (正式、礼貌的 先生;君子 p.76 称呼)女士;夫人 p.79 bark/ba:k/v. ( 狗 ) 吠 叫 n. 狗叫声 p.76 advertisement /sd'vs:tismont; sign up 报名 p.76 ,advar'tarzmɔnt/(=ad /æd/) p.79 ever since自从;自……以后 n. 广告;启事 p.76 adult/ 'sedAlt;a'dʌlt/n. 成年人 adj. 成年的;成熟的 p.76 Robert/'rpbət/ 罗伯特 p.79 missing/ 'misIn/adj. 失踪的;丢失的 p.76 Rose /rəvsz/ 罗斯;罗丝 practical/'præktikl/adj.实用的; p.73 p.73124 Vocabulary in Each UnitUnited Nations Peacekeeping Blue Sky Rescue蓝天救援 p.76 /'pi:ski:pɪŋ/ 联 合 国 维 和 部 队 队 p.75 Philippines/'filipi:nz/ 菲 p.76 Argentina /,a:dʒon'ti:ne/ 阿根廷 律宾 United Nations Peacekeeping Forces(联合国维和部队)、United Nations Peacekeeping p.75 Mission(联合国维和任务) people of Argentina(阿根廷人民)、culture of Argentina(阿根廷文化) Blue Sky Rescue Team(蓝天救援队队伍)、Blue Sky Rescue Operation(蓝天救援行动) history of the Philippines(菲律宾历史)、tourism in the Philippines(菲律宾旅游业)Vocabulary in Earh Unit 125Vocabulary A-Z (注:依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》,本词表中的重点词汇用粗体显示。) A American/'merikən/adj. 美国的; a bit有点儿;稍微 p.26 美洲的 n.美国人;美洲人 p.69 a good read好的读物;好书 anger /'æŋgə(r)/n. 怒火 p.22 (或文章等) p.61 anybody /'enibpdi/pron. 任何人 p.29 above /ə'bv/prep.在(或向) … … apologize /'pplad3arz/ 上面;超过 adv.在(或向)上面; (=apologise)v.道歉 p.25 在(或向)高处;超过 p.36 army /'a:mi/n. 军队 ache /erk/n.&v.疼痛 p.75 as a result 因此 p.13 p.49 as soon as — …… 就 achievement /ə'tfji:vmənt/n.成就 p.6 p.47 …… as well也;又 active /'æktiv/adj. 活跃的;积极的 p.74 Asian/'erʃn/adj.亚洲的 p.26 adult/'ædAlt;ə'dalt/n.成年人 n.亚洲人 adj. 成年的;成熟的 p.76 attack /ə'tæk/v.&n. 攻击;进攻 p.58 adventure /əd'ventə(r)/n.冒险; attract/ə'træekt/v.吸引;招引; p.62 冒险经历 p.62 引起(反应) advertisement /od'vs:tismont; au revoir再见(法语) p.38 ,æedvor'tarzmont/(=ad/æd/) audience /'ɔ:dions/n.听众;观众 p.57 n. 广告;启事 avoid /ə'vord/v. 避免;防止 p.77 p.79 advise/ad'vaiz/v.建议;劝告 awake /a'welk/adj.醒着的 p.13 p.22 award /a'wɔ:d/n. 奖;奖品 aid /erd/n.&v.帮助;援助 p.16 p.28 p.2 alarm /ə'la:m/ n. 警报(器);惊恐 p.49 B alarm clock闹钟 p.49 4 backache/'baækelk/n. 背痛;腰痛 alien/'erliən/n. 外星人 p.62 badly /'bædli/adv.(worse/w3:s/, alive /a'larv/adj.活着;在世;有活力 worst/ws:st/) 严重地 p.39 all ofa sudden 突 然 ; 猛 地 p.12 bark /ba:k/v.(狗)吠叫 n. 狗叫声 p.49 all smiles 笑 容 满 面 base /beis/v.把(总部等)设在 p.26 p.17 n. 根基;基础;根据地 allergic/ə'ls:dʒik/adj. 过敏的 p.19 base on以……为基础;以……为 p.76 allow /a'las/v. 使……成为可能;允许 p.6 根据 alone /a'lacn/adv.独自;单独 p.22 p.65 ambition /æm'bIʃn/n.追求的目标; 野心;雄心 p.37 p.65126 Vocabulary A-Zbasic /'beisik/adj. 基本的;初步的 catch fire 着火 p. p. be about to 即将;正要(做某 changeable/'tfendʒobl/ 16 69 事) be hard on 对……苛刻或过 p. adj.可能变化的;易变的;常变 分严厉 be/get used to 习惯于 的 charity/'tfaeroti/n.慈善机构 16 beat /bi:t/v.(beat,beaten/'bi:tn/) p. (或组织);慈善事业 p. 敲;打 26 chat /tfet/v.&n. 闲聊 p.5 behave /br'heiv/v. 表现;举止得体 p. check /tek/v. 检查;查明 below /br'ləs/prep.在(或到) 55 n.检查;调查 p. …… 下面;少于;低于 cheek /tʃi:k/n. 脸 18 adv.在(或到)下面 颊 p.3 2 cheer /tʃiə(r)/n. 欢呼 v.庆祝 p. bit/bit/n.有点儿;稍微 bit by bit一点一点地;逐渐地 p. cheers /tʃiəz/interj.再见;干杯 52 bleed /bli:d/v.(bled/bled/,bled) 26 chopstick /'tfopstik/n.(usually pl.) p. 流血;出血 p. 筷子 59 blouse /blasz/n.(女式)衬衫或短上衣 p3.656 civilization/,sivəlaɪ'zerʃn/ p. bone /bəon/n.骨头 p.69 (=civilisation)n. 文明 59 bottom /'botom/n. 底部;最下部 p.33 clear/kliɔ(r)/adj.清晰的;清楚 bow /bas/v.&n.鞠躬 p.52 的 v.清理 p.5 4 clear the air 尽释前嫌 brightness /'braitnəs/n. 亮 度 p.15 clearly/ 'kliəli/adv. 清楚地 bruised /bru:zd/adj.受了瘀伤的 p.3 p.13 build-up/'bildʌp/n.准备期; cliff/klf/n. 悬崖;峭壁 4 climax/'klaimæks/n. 高潮;极点 准备过程 p.67 bully /'bosli/v. 霸凌;恐吓 n. 恶霸 p.28 climber/ 'klarmə(r)/n. 攀登者;登山者p.36 bump/bʌmp/v. 碰;撞 coach/kostʃ/n.教练 p.26 coast /kovst/n.海岸;海滨 p.39 n. 碰撞;(撞击造成的)肿块 p.52 burn/ bs:n/v.(burnt/bs:nt/,burnt) coin/koin/n.硬币 p.7 燃烧;着火 p.16 come along赶快;跟着来 p.74 by the time到……的时候 p.49 condition /kon'dfn/n. 状态;境况 p.36 confused /kon'fju:zd/adj.困惑的 C p.52 confusing/kon'fju:zin/ cage/kerdʒ/n. 笼子 p.73 adj. 令人困惑的;难以理解的 p.54 calligraphy/ko'ligrəfi/n. 书法 p congratulate /kon'gretfjulert/v. 祝贺 p.58 careless /'kesləs/ consider /kon'srdə(r)/ adj. 不小心的;粗心的 p. v.认为;仔细考虑 p.68 control /kon'trəsl/v.&n. 控制 p.22 Vocabulary A-Z 127coral/'kprəl/n. 珊瑚;珊瑚虫 p.39 adj. 有决心的;坚决的 p.36 correctly /ka'rektli/adv.正确地; development /dr'veləpmənt/ 得体地 p.58 n.发展;壮大 p.34 cough /kpf/n.&v. 咳嗽 p.13 differently/'dfrontli/adv.不同地 p.28 cross /krps/v. 穿越;横过;交叉 p.15 distance/'distons/n. 距离;遥远 p.36 cubic/'kju:bik/adj.立方的 p.35 dive /daiv/v.&n.潜水;跳水;俯冲 p.33 cultural/'kaltʃorol/adj.与文化有关的; do chores做家务 p.42 文化的 p.55 donate/dov’neit/v.捐赠;赠送 p.78 curiosity/,kjzəri'psoti/ donation /dos'neiʃn/n.捐赠物;捐赠 p.73 n. 好奇心;求知欲 p.37 doubt /dast/v.怀疑 n.疑惑;不确定 p.69 curious/ 'kjsəriəs/adj. 好奇的; dream of梦想;希望 p.7 求知欲强的 p.38 drought/drast/n.久旱;旱灾 p.42 curry /'kari/n.咖喱菜 p.53 custom/'kʌstom/n. 习俗 p.56 E earthquake /'3:0kwerk/n.地震 p.42 D eat out上馆子吃饭;在外用餐 p.17 dare/deə(r)/v.&modal v.敢于 p.26 effect/'fekt/n.影响;结果 p.67 day by day一天天;逐日 p.66 effort/'efat/n.努力;艰难的尝试 p.78 deal/di:1/n.交易;协议 elbow/'elbov/n. 手肘 p.54 v.(dealt /delt/,dealt)对付 p.4 elder /'eld(r)/adj.(尤指家庭中两个 deal with 对付;处理 p.21 成员)年龄较长的 p.78 death/ de0/n. 死亡;毁灭;破灭 p.36 elderly /'eldəli/adj. 年纪较大的; decision /di'srʒn/n.决定 p.26 上了年纪的 p.72 deep /di:p/adj. 深的;有……深的 p.28 embarrassed/m'bærost/adj. 尴尬的 p.52 defeat/di'fi:t/v.击败;战胜 embarrassing/m'bærsiŋ/ n. 失败;击败 p.68 adj. 使人难堪的 p.55 degree /dr'gri:/n. 度;度数;程度 p.36 emotion/i'məvʃn/n. 情感;情绪 p.21 dentist/ 'dentist/n.牙科医生 p.13 enemy /'enomi/n.敌人 p.68 depth /depθ/n.深 ( 度 ) ; 纵 深 p.33 enter/ 'ento(r)/v.进入 p.26 description /dr'skripjn/n.描写;形容p.14 environment /in'valronmant/n.环境 p.15 desert /'dezət/n.沙漠;荒原 p.34 even though 即使;虽然 p.27 destroy/dr'strɔi/v. 破坏;摧毁 p.69 ever since自从;自……以后 p.76 detective /dr'tektiv/n.侦探 p.62 everybody/ 'evribbdi/ determined/dɪ'ts:mind/ pron. 每人;所有人 p.26128 Vocabulary A-Zexcept for 除……之外 p.47 淡水中生长的 p.38 explorer /1k'splɔ:rə(r)/n. 探险者; from now on从现在起 p.19 勘探者 p.37 from time to time不时;偶尔 p.28 express /ik'spres/v.表达;表示 p.2 froth /frpθ/n.泡;泡沫 p.46 extinguisher/ik'stungwio(r)/n. 灭火器 p.16 fry /frar/v.油炸;油煎;油炒 p.16 F G failure/ 'feiljo(r)/n.失败 gas /gæs/n.气体;燃气 p.13 p.8 false/fo:ls/adj.错误的;不真实 p.59 gentle/'dʒentl/adj. 温柔的 p.68 的 familiar with通晓;熟悉 gentleman /'dʒentlmən/ p.79 fantasy/'fæntosi/n.幻想;幻想作品 n.(pl.gentlemen/'dʒentlmən/) p.62 fault/fo:lt/n.过错;责任 先生;君子 p.76 p.23 fear /fiə(r)/n.&v. 害怕;担 p.3 get across解释清楚;传达 p.24 忧 feel blue感到忧郁的 fever /'fi:və(r)/n. 发烧 p.26 get into开始做某事;进入 p.5 get lost迷路 fiction/'fikfn/n. 小说 p.13 p.64 firefighter/'farofaito(r)/n.消防队 p.62 get over 克服(困难);解决(问题) 员 first aid急救 p.48 p.3 get to one's feet 站 起 身 来 firstly/'fs:stli/ p.16 p.66 give it a go 试 一 试 某 事 adv. 第一;首 p.5 give up放弃 先 fist/fist/n. 拳头 p.58 p.4 flame/flem/n.火焰 p.52 flood /flʌd/n.水灾;洪水 go a long way 帮助很大 p.16 p.57 go off(警报器等)突然发出巨响 v.泛滥;淹没 floodwater/'flʌdwɔ:tə(r)/n.洪水 p.49 go on an outing 出 外 游 玩 p.42 flu /flu:/n.流行性感冒 p.5 go wrong出现问题;发生故障;搞错 p.48 force /fɔ:s/v. 强迫;迫使;用力推动 p.49 guard /ga:d/n. 卫兵;保卫 v.保卫 p.14 p.46 n. 力;武力 p.63 H hand out分发 p.78 happily /"hæeprli/adv.快乐地;高兴地 p.16 foreign/ 'foron/adj.外国的;国外的 p.7 harm/ ha:m/n.&v. 伤害;损害 p.17 forgive/fə'giv/v.(forgave /f'gerv/, harmful /'ha:mfl/adj.有害的 p.18 forgiven/fə'gIvn/) 原谅;宽恕 p. headache/'hedeik/n. 头痛 p.12 fork /fo:k/n.叉子 23 hear from得到……消息 p.56 formal/'fo:ml/adj. 正式的 p. hear of听说;得知 p.65 freshwater/'frejwɔ:to(r)/adj.淡水的; heartbeat/'ha:tbi:t/n.心跳(声) p.48Vocabulary A-Z 129heatwave/'hi:twerv/n. 热浪 n.教练;指导者 p. help out分担工作;帮忙做 p.3 interview/ 'Intovju:/n.采访;面试 48 hero /'hiəros/n.(pl.heroes) 英雄; p. v.采访;对(某人)进行面试 p.43 男主角;偶像 interviewer/'Intəvju:ə(r)/n.面试官; 75 hidden /'hrdn/adj. 隐藏的;秘密的 采访者 p. hide /hard/v.(hid/hrd/,hidden/'hidn/) introduction /intra'dAkfjn/ 73 躲藏;隐蔽 n.介绍;序言;采用 p. historical/hi'storikl/adj.历史 45 Italian/r'telion/adj.意大利的; 的; 有关历史的 意大利人的;意大利语的 hit /hit/v.(hit,hit) 碰撞;击;打 p. n. 意大利人;意大利语 p 63 n.打;击;击中 hug /hag/v.&n. 拥抱 J hurtful/'hs:tfl/adj.伤感情的 p. jeans /d3i:nz/n. 牛仔裤 p. 18 58 joyful /'dʒorfl/adj. 高兴的; I 令人愉快的 idiom/'Idiəm/n. 习语;成语 p.63 illness/ 'ilnəs/n.疾病 p.14 K importantly /m'pɔ:tntli/adv. 重要地 p.9 keep.…off使不碰到;使避开 impression/m'prejn/n. 印象 p.59 p.54 kick oneself(因干了蠢事等)自责 或懊恼 p.26 improper /im’propo(r)/adj. 不 合 适 的 p.58 in future 今 后 ; 从 今 以 后 kiss /kis/v. 亲吻 n. 吻 p.52 p.23 in low spirits 情绪低落;精神不振 knife /narf/n.(pl.knives /narvz/)刀 p. p.26 in need 处于贫困中;生活困难 knowledge /'nplidʒ/n.知识;学问 15 p.78 kung fu/,kan 'fu:/n.功夫 p. in one's forties四十多岁 p.59 in return作为回报 p.4 L in time来得及;及时 p.68 ladder/'læd(r)/n. 梯子;阶梯;途径 p.37 include/in'klu:d/v.包含;包括 p.39 lady /'lerdi/n. 女士;淑女 p.76 Indian/'indian/adj.印度的;印度人的 landslide/'lændslard/n. (山坡或悬崖的) n. 印度人 滑坡;塌方 p.5 p. informal/ɪn'fo:ml/adj. 非正式的 3 lastly/'la:stli/adv.最 48 injury/'indʒori/n.伤害;损伤 p.5 后 let down使失望 p. ink/nk/n.墨水 8 level/'levl/n.高度;水平;程 25 inspire/in'spaio(r)/v. 激励;鼓舞 p.1 度 librarian/lai'breərion/ instructor /in'strʌkts(r)/ 4 130 Vocabulary A-Zn. 图书管理员;图书馆馆长 p.68 marry /'mæri/v. 结婚;娶;嫁 p.5 lie /lai/v.(lay/lei/,lain/leɪn/) mask/ma:sk/n.口罩 8 平躺;平放 mean /mi:n/adj. 刻薄的;吝啬的 p.1 p.18 4 lie down平躺;平卧 p.18 means/mi:nz/n.(pl.means) 方式; p.2 life-saving/'laf seivin/adj. 救命 途径 8 的; 救生的 measure/'meʒa(r)/v. 测量;量度为 p.77 lifetime/'larftam/n.一生;终身 n.措施;度量单位 p.3 p.39 4 literary/ 'litorəri/adj. 文学的; measurement/'mezamənt/n.数量; 文学上的 测量 located/lav'kertid/adj. 位于;坐落在 p.65 medicine/'medsn/n.药;医 p.3 7 lock /lnk/v.用锁锁上n.锁 p.38 学 merci 谢谢(法语) lock up锁好(建筑物的)门 p.66 mile /mail/n.英里 Ionely /'locnli/adj. 孤独的;寂寞的 p.66 p. missing/ 'mIsin/adj.失踪的;丢失 lookon the bright side从好的方面 p.22 的 most ofall最主要的是 32 想; myself/mar'self/pron.我自己 p. 抱乐观态度 p.26 mystery/'mistri/n.悬疑小说(或电影、14 lost /lost/adj. 迷路的;丢失的; 戏剧);神秘的事物;奥秘 p.62 失去的 p.64 low/ las/adj. 沮丧的;低的 p.26 N luckily /'1akli/adv. 幸运地 p.17 namaste interj.有礼了(印度人行 合十礼时口中所念之词) p.53 M natural/'nætfrəl/ mad /mæd/adj. 发狂的;疯的 p.28 adj. 自然的;天然的;天生的 p.38 madam/ 'mædom/n. (正式、礼貌的 naughty/'nɔ:ti/adj.淘气的 p.68 称呼)女士;夫人 p.79 nearby/,nia'bai/adj.附近的 main /mein/adj.主要 p.59 adv.在附近 p.46 的 p.71 nearly /'noli/adv. 几乎;差不多; make a difference有(重要)作 p.44 将近 p.43 用 make preparations作准备 negative/'negotrv/adj.否定的; manage /'mænidʒ/ p.4 v.完成(困难的事);管理 manner /'menə(r)/n.方式; 消极的 p.28 (pl.manners)礼仪 p.54 neighbourhood/'neibəhsd/ manpower/'mænpasə(r)/ n.街区;临近的地方 p.43 n.劳动力;人力 p.48 nervously /'ns:vəsli/adv.紧张不安 p.1 married /'mærid/adj.已婚的;婚姻的 地 p.56 nicely/'naisli/ 9 Vocabulary A-Z 131adv.漂亮地;令人愉快地 p.56 P no way不可能;没门 p.16 pain /pern/n.疼痛;痛苦 p.15 nobody /'nəsbədi/pron. 没有人; painful /'peɪnfl/adj.(身体部位) 谁也不 p.66 疼痛的;令人痛苦的 p.18 normal /'nɔ:ml/adj. 正常的;普通的 p.28 palm/pa:m/n. 手掌 p.53 northeastern/,nɔ:θ'i:ston/ panic/'pænik/n. 惊恐;恐慌 p.16 adj. 东北的;东北方向的 p.39 pass away去世(委婉说法) p.29 northern /'nɔ:oon/ patient/'peifnt/n.病人 adj.有耐心的 p.14 adj.北部的;向北的 p.36 peanut/'pi:nʌt/n. 花生 p.19 nosebleed/'noozbli:d/n.鼻出 p.13 physics/ 'fiziks/n. 物理;物理学 p.28 血 not only ...but also ... pill/ p1l/n. 药丸;药片 p.18 不但……而且 …… player/ 'plerə(r)/n. 运动员;选手 p.26 p.29 plenty/'plenti/pron.充足;丰富;大量p.25 O plenty of 充 足 ; 大 量 object /'Dbdʒikt/n. 物品;宾语 p.25 pocket /'ppkit/n. 口 袋 p.6 occasion/ə'kerʒn/n.场合;重大活动 p.78 p.56 old-fashioned/,əvsld 'fæJnd/ poem/ 'pəsim/n. 诗 p.4 adj. 过时的;守旧的 pool /pu:1/n. 池塘;水坑 p.35 p.7 on fire着火;起火 possibly /'ppsɔbli/adv.可能;或许 p.43 p.16 on purpose故意;有意 postcard /'poostka:d/n. 明信片 p.7 p.25 地 on the go忙碌的 power /'pavɔ(r)/n.电力供应;能量; p.78 on top of the world欢天喜 力量 p.45 p.26 地 once in a while偶尔地; practical/'præktikl/adj.实用的; p.5 间或 onto/'dntu;'bntə/prep. 实际的 p.77 向;朝 p.16 preparation /,prepə'rerʃn/ ordinary/'ɔ:dnri/adj. 平凡的;普通的 p.77 n.准备(工作);预 p.44 organization/ ,ɔ:gənar'zerʃn/ 备 present/'preznt/n.礼 p.23 物 (=organisation)n. 组织;团体; p.13 机构 press /pres/v. 压;按;挤;推 p.7 p.24 ourselves /,avo'selvz;a:'selvz/ 2 pressure /'prefə(r)/n.压力 pron. 我们自己 primary /'praməri/adj.小学教育 p.75 的; out of breath 上气不接下气 p.1 首要的 outing /'aotrn/n. 出外游玩;远足 1 private /'praivət/ p.56 owner /'sonə(r)/n.主人;物主 p. adj.不喜欢谈论私事的;私人的 49 program/ 'prəzsgræem/v.编写程序 n. 程序;(=programme) 节目;项目 p.2132 Vocabulary A-Zprogrammer/'prəsgræmə(r)/ referee/,ref'ri:/n.裁判 p.26 n.程序设计员 p.6 refuse/re'fju:z/v.拒绝;退却 p.46 proper /'propə(r)/adj. 恰当的;正确的p.54 relative /'relətiv/n. 亲戚;亲属 p.44 proud /prazd/adj. 骄傲的;自豪的 remain /r'mem/ p.2 proud of为……感到骄傲 6 v.继续存在;保持不变 p.29 prove /pru:v/v.(proved,proved 或 repeat/rɪ'pi:t/v.重复 p.26 proved,proven/'pru:vn/) 证明; report/r'po:t/n.&v. 汇报;报道 证实;显示是 p.6 p.43 rescue/'reskju:/n. 救援 v.援救;营 provide /pra'vaid/v. 提供;给予 6 救p.48 research /rɪ's3:tfʃ/v.&n. 研究;调 pull together齐心协力;通力合 p.7 查 p.33 return/r'ts:n/n.&v.回来;归 作 punish /'pʌnʃ/v. 惩罚;处罚 2 还 p.4 review /r'vju:/v.复习;回 purpose /'p3:pəs/n.目的;意图 p. 顾;复查 push /pzʃ/v.督促;推 26 n.回顾;审查 p.49 put oneselfin sb's shoes设身处 p. ring/rn/v.(rang/ræn/,rung/raŋ/) 63 地; 处于某人的境地 发出铃声 p.26 p. risk/risk/v. 使……冒风险(或面临 Q 危险) n.危险;风险 p.37 quick/ kwik/adj. 快的;迅速的 risky/'rski/adj.有危险(或风险)的 p.38 adv. 迅速地;快速地 p.16 roll /rəvl/v. (使)翻滚;滚动 p.16 roof/ru:f/n.屋顶;顶部 p.43 R rub/rAb/v.摩擦;揉 p.52 rainstorm/'reinstɔ:m/n.暴风雨 p.49 rude /ru:d/adj.粗鲁的 p.53 rainy/ 'reni/adj. 阴雨的;多雨的 p.49 runny /'rʌni/adj. 流鼻涕的;流眼泪的p.13 rather /'ra:ðə(r)/adv. 相当;更准确地说 p.7 reader /'ri:də(r)/n.读者;简易读物 p.6 receive/rɪ'si:v/v.收到 8 S sadly /'sæedli/adv.伤心地;令人遗憾 p.17 p.5 recently/ 'ri:sntli/adv. 最近;不久前 9 safeguard/'serfga:d/v. 保护;捍卫 recommend /reka'mend/ p.6 n. 安全设施 v. 推荐;建议 4 p.48 safety /'seifi/n. 安全;安全处所 recommendation/rekomen'derfn/ p.16 p.6 n. 推荐;提议 5 sand /sænd/n.沙子 p.39 reduce/ri'dju:s/v.减少 scared /skeə(r)d/adj.害怕的; reduce by half减少一 对……感到惊慌的 p.3 半 reef/ri:f/n.礁;礁 p.6 脉 9 scared of害怕;恐惧 p.3 school/sku:1/n. (鱼、鲸、海豚等的) 群 p.39Vocabulary A-Z ( 133schooleirl/'sku:lgs:I/n. (学校的)女生 p.46 ski /ski:/v. 滑雪 p.2 science fiction科幻小说(或影片 smoke/ sməsk/n. 烟 v.吸烟;冒烟 p.17 等)p.62 snorkel/'snɔ:kl/v.使用呼吸管潜泳 score /sko:(r)/n. 得分;比分 p. n.(浮潜用的)呼吸管 p.39 scream /skri:m/v.尖叫 26 snowstorm/'snassto:m/n.雪暴; secondly /'sekondli/adv. 第二;其次 p.4 6 暴风雪 p.42 secretly /'si:krotli/adv. 秘密地 so far到目前为止 p.5 p.8 security/sr'kjcoroti/n. 安全;保安; so ...that 如此……以至于 p.54 保障 p.4 society /sə'saioti/n. 社会;社团 security guard保安人员 6 p.65 solution /se'lu:jn/n.解决办法;解决 selfish /'selfifj/adj.自私的 p.4 p..27 6 sore /sɔ:(r)/adj. 疼痛的;酸痛的 sense/sens/n.感觉;感官 p.12 soundly /'sasndli/adv. (睡觉)酣畅 p.6 serving/ 'ss:vIn/adj.分菜用的 地;可靠地;完全彻底地 6 n.一份食物 p.45 p southern /'sAoən/adj.南部的;向南的 serving chopsticks公 筷 p.38 . southwestern/sazθ'westən/ shake /Jeik/v.(shook/fsk/,shaken 6 adj. 西南的;西南方向的 /'Jerkon/) 与(某人)握手;摇动 p.48 spoiled/spold/adj.(=spoilt/sporlt/) shelter/'felto(r)/n.庇护所;居所 p. 宠坏的;娇惯坏的 shock /Jok/n.震惊;令人震惊的事 p.66 square kilometre 平方千米 v.使震惊;使惊愕 54 shocked/jpkt/adj.震惊的 p. tadium /'sterdiom/n. 体育馆;运动 p.32 场 shoulder/'Juldə(r)/n.肩膀;肩 54 p.72 stage /steidʒ/n.舞台;阶段 p.8 部 shout at sb冲某人喊叫 stamp /stæmp/n.邮票 shut/JAt/v.(shut,shut) 关闭;合 p. p.7 standard/'stændəd/n.标准;水 上; 住嘴 52 平 adj.标准的 p.24 shut sb/sth away把 … … 关(藏)起 p. state /stert/n.状态;国家;州 来; 隔离 73 v.陈述;说明 sign up 报名 p.66 steal /sti:1/v.(stole /stosl,stolen p. sign-off/'sain pf/n.结束写信 18 /'stəvlən/) 偷;窃取 simply /'smpli/adv. 仅仅;只;简单地 p.37 p.63 stomach/' stʌmok/n. 胃;腹部 p.2 since /sns/prep.,adv.&conj. p.13 stomachache/'stʌmakerk/n.胃 自……以后;从……以来 痛; 肚子疼 conj. 既然;由于 p.48 p.12 stop.….from doing防止……;阻 single /'sɪngl/adj. 单个的;单身的 p 止…… stop short突然停住 p.14 sit up坐直 .4 stove /stəvv/ n.厨房灶具;炉子 p.16 p.16 134 Vocabulary A-Zstress /stres/n.精神压力;紧张 p.6 temper /'tempə(r)/n.脾气;怒气 p.41 strict /strikt/adj. 严厉的;严格的 p.S terribly /'terobli/adv.非常糟地;非 p.49 stroke /strəvk/n.笔画;击球 常 p.4 test /test/n.&v. 检查;测验 p.14 structure/'strʌktə(r)/n.结构 thankful/'θænkfl/adj.感谢的;感激 p.28 (体); 构造;体系 的 p.39 thankfully /'0aæenkfoli/ success /sok'ses/n.成功 p.78 adv.幸亏;感激地 p.47 successful /sok'sesf/adj. 成功 the elderly老人;上了年纪的 p.72 的; 有成就的 人 p.77 themselves /ðom'selvz/ pron.他(或她、它)们自己 successfully /sək'sesfoli/ p.16 p.37 therefore/'oefo:(r)/adv.因此;所 adv. 成功地;顺利地 p.66 以 sudden /'sʌdn/adj. 突然的;骤然的 p.49 thick/01k/adj.厚的;浓密的 p.45 suffer /'safə(r)/v. 受苦;遭受 p.13 thinking /'θInkiŋ/n.思考;想法 p.47 suffer from 受苦;受折磨 p.13 thirdly /'03:dli/adv. 第三 p.58 suggestion /so'dʒest(jn/n. 建议;提议 p.8 though /ðovs/conj. 虽然;尽管 p.27 summary/'sʌməri/n. 总结;概要 p.66 throat /θrast/n. 喉咙 p.12 supply/sə'plai/n. 供应(量); throw /0rəs/v.(threw/0ru:/,thrown (pl.supplies)补给(品) /θrocn/)猛动身体(部位);扔;抛 p.16 v.供应;供给 surface/'ss:fis/n.表面;表 p.44 thunder/ 'θAndə(r)/n.雷;雷声 p.32 v.打雷;发出雷鸣般响声 p.49 层 surprisingly/sə'prarzinli/ adv. 出人意料地;惊人地 tight /tart/adj.疼痛的;憋气的; survive/sə'vaiv/v.生存;存 p.8 紧的;牢固的 p.19 活; tonight /ta'nart/adv. 在今晚 艰难度过 p.36 n. 今夜;今晚 p.17 toothache /'tu:θeɪk/n.牙痛 p.12 T tornado /to:'neidəvs/n.龙卷风;旋 p.45 take a deep breath深呼 风 p.28 tradition/trə'djn/n.传统 p.58 吸 take a seat坐下 p.14 traveller /'trevolo(r)/(=traveler) take back撤回;收回 p.26 n. 旅行者;游客 p.38 take one's temperature 给某人量体 p.14 trouble /'trabl/n. 苦恼;困难 温 talent/ 'telont/n. 才能;天赋;天 p.79 v.使忧虑、苦恼;劳驾;麻烦 p.43 才 truck /trʌk/n.卡车 p.44 teammate /'ti:mmert/ p.36 tsunami /tsu:'na:mi/n.海啸 p.43 n. 同队队员;队友 p.77 turn on接通(电流、煤气、水等); teamwork /'ti:mw3:k/n.团队合作 p.7 打开 p.16 teenage /'ti:nerdʒ/adj.青少年的 Vocabulary A-Z 135turtle/'ts:t1/n. 海龟;龟 p.39 voluntary /'vpləntri/adj.自愿的; type /taip/n.类型;种类 p.38 无偿的 p.77 typhoon/tar'fu:n/n.台风 p.4 volunteer /,vplən'trə(r)/n.志愿者; 2 自告奋勇者 v.自愿做;义务做 p.48 U uncommon/ An'koman/adj. 罕见 W 的; 不寻常的 wake up醒来 p.49 underwater/,Anda’wo:tə(r)/ warmly /'wɔ:mli/adv. 热情地;温暖地p.75 p.53 adj.水下的;用于水下 warn /wɔ:n/v. 警告;提醒注意 p.42 的 adv.在水下 waterfall/'wɔ:tofɔ:1/n.瀑布 p.34 unfortunately/ʌn'fo:tʃonətli/ wave /werv/n.波浪;波;挥手 p.39 adv.不幸地;可惜地 v.挥手;挥舞 p.43 unless/on'les/conj.除非;如果不 weak /wi:k/adj.虚弱的;(能力)弱的 p.17 unlock /An'lok/v.开……的 p.66 what's more 更有甚者;更为重要的 锁; 发现;揭开 p.54 是p.15 whether/'weðo(r)/conj.是否 unlucky /An'laki/adj.不幸 p.56 wildfire/'warildfarə(r)/n.野火 的; 不顺利的;不吉利 p.66 p.42 willing/'wilin/adj. 乐意的;愿意的 的 p.77 wonder/ 'wando(r)/n. 奇观;惊叹 unsafe /△n'seifl adj.不安全的;危险 p.49 v. 琢磨;想知道;感到诧异 的 unusual /An'ju:ʒuəl/adj.特别 p.58 p.31 worst/ws:st/adj.&adv.最坏(的); 的; 不寻常的 最糟(的) p.46 up to正在做;由某人决定 p.33 worth/ws:0/adj.值得;有价值 p.77 p.4 upset/ap'set/adj. 难过的;沮丧的 usual /'ju:ʒuol adj.通常的;寻常 p.22 X p.49 的 X-ray/'eks rei/n.X光照片;X射线 p.13 V Y value/'vælju:/n.重要作用;价值 p.77 yoga/'jasgə/n. 瑜伽 p.6 vessel/'vesl/n. 大船;轮船 p.33 youth /ju:0/n. 青年;青年时期 p.74 virus/ 'varərəs/n.病毒 p.1 visitor /'VIzito(r)/n.参观者;来访者 4 p.72Vocabulary from Primary School Unit 1 police /pə'li:s/n.警察部门;警方 p.48 moon/mu:n/n.月亮 p.4 wake /werk/v.(woke/wook/, woken/'wəʊkon/)睡醒 p.49 Unit 2 hurt/hs:t/v.(hurt,hurt)(使)疼 Unit 6 痛 adj. 受伤的 p.14 plane/pleɪn/n.飞 机 p.55 shirt/js:t/n.衬衫 p.16 shorts /Sɔ:ts/n.(pl.)短 裤 p.56 driver/'drarvə(r)/n.司机 p.18 skirt/sk3:t/n.短 裙 p.58 Unit 3 Unit 7 letter /'letə(r)/n.信;字母 p.24 ill/il/adj.生病的 p.66 foot/fost/n.(pl.feet/fi:t/)脚 p.66 Unit 4 its /its/pron.它的;他的;她的 Unit 8 p.32 photograph /'footagra:f/v.拍照;照相 kid/kid/n. 小孩;儿童 n.照片;相片 p.39 v.开玩笑;戏弄 p.74 toy /toi/n.玩具 p.75 Unit 5 chore /tfɔ:(r)/n. 日常事务;琐事 p.42 Vocabulary from Primary School 137Irregular Verbs (注:本词表不含情态动词。) Past participle Verb Past tense awake awoke awoken be(am,is,are) was,were been born/borne bear bore beat beat beaten become became become begin began begun bleed bled bled blow blew blown break broke broken bring brought brought build built built burnt/burned burnt/burned burn buy bought bought caught caught catch choose chose chosen come came come cost cost cost cut cut cut deal dealt dealt dig dug dug do did done draw drew drawn dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed dream 138 Irregular Verbs续表 Past participle Verb Past tense drink drank drunk drive drove driven eat ate eaten fall fell fallen feed fed fed feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found fly flew flown forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen get got got/gotten give gave given go went gone grow grew grown hang(悬挂) hung hung have had had hear heard heard hide hid hidden hit hit hit hold held held hurt hurt hurt keep kept kept know knew known Irregular Verbs 139续表 Past participle Verb Past tense lay laid laid lead led led learnt/learned learnt/learned learn leave left left lend lent lent let let let lay lie(躺) lain light lit/lighted lit/lighted lose lost lost make made made meant meant mean meet met met mistake mistook mistaken paid paid pay put put put read /ri:d/ read/red/ read/red/ ride rode ridden ring rang rung rise rose risen run ran run say said said see saw seen sell sold sold send sent sent rran jlar Verbs 1续表 Past participle Verb Past tense set set set shake shook shaken shine shone shone shoot shot shot show showed shown shut shut shut sing sang sung sit sat sat sleep slept slept smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled speak spoke spoken speed sped/speeded sped/speeded spell spelt /spelled spelt/spelled spend spent spent spread spread spread stand stood stood steal stole stolen stick stuck stuck sweep swept swept swim swam Swum take took taken taught taught teach tell told told thought thought think Irregular Verbs ( 141续表 Past participle Verb Past tense throw threw thrown understand understood understood wake woke woken wear wore worn win won won write wrote written 142 I srt -Varbs后 记 本套教科书(七~九年级)由人民教育出版社课程教材研究所英语课程教材研究 开发中心依据教育部《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》编写。 本套教科书集中反映了基础教育课程改革的最新成果,总结了上一版《义务教育 教科书英语》的编写经验,凝聚了教育专家、学科专家、教材编写人员、教研人员及 一线教师的集体智慧。本套教科书封面设计由中央美术学院设计团队完成,人民教育 出版社设计部制作。本册教科书版式设计为胡白珂,内文插图绘制为王平,参加编写 工作的还有熊金霞、辜翔宇、肖菲、王生军、游晓霞、马小洁,参加编辑工作的还有 张琳琳、张译峻、于佳名。我们感谢为本册教科书提供部分内容咨询的国家图书馆等 机构和梁丽玲,以及所有对教科书的编写、审读、试教、出版等提供过帮助与支持的 同仁和社会各界朋友。 本册教科书出版之前,我们通过多种渠道与教科书选用作品的作者进行了联系, 得到了他们的大力支持。视觉中国、新华社等图库,蓝天救援队,以及张朝平提供了 图片素材。对此,我们表示衷心的感谢! 我们真诚地希望广大教师、学生及家长在使用本册教科书过程中提出宝贵的意见 和建议。我们将本着精益求精的态度,集思广益,不断修订,努力使教科书日趋完善。 联系方式 电 话:010-58758253,58758866 电子邮箱:jcfk@pep.com.cn 中小学教材意见反馈平台:jcyjfk.pep.com.cn 人民教育出版社 课程教材研究所