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【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（上海专用）
黄金卷08
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡
皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,
and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Quit driving because of the traffic jam. B. Take the motorway on Saturday.
C. Set off earlier in case of heavy traffic. D. Take public transport to get there.
2. A. The man is fond of travelling.
B. The woman is a photographer.
C. The woman took a lot of pictures at the contest.
D. The man admires the woman’s talent in writing.
3. A. The coffee machine is always convenient.
B. Coffee buyers should have the exact change.
C. The coffee from a coffee machine is cheaper.
D. Coffee buyers should wait for getting coffee.
4. A. The woman is sure to get more bonus next year.
B. There are some problems with the woman’s bonus.
C. They have to reduce the expenses this year.
D. The bonus is in proportion to the woman’s work.
5. A. Buy a sweater as a gift. B. Check out in the counter.
C. Switch to another store. D. Select a sweater she likes.
6. A. He learns it on his own. B. He starts playing guitar quite early.
C. He processes the basic ideas himself. D. He finds a tutor to teach him.7. A. The bus to the department store. B. The route for the No.6 Bus.
C. The bus sent off by the store. D. The rules to take the No. 6 Bus.
8. A. The man’s eyes are infected when swimming.
B. The man can’t swim before his eyes are cured.
C. The woman persuades the man into quitting swimming.
D. The woman gives the man suggestions to protect his eyes.
9. A. Because his boss is very strict.
B. Because he has some work problems.
C. Because his boss assigned him many projects.
D. Because he had a hard time in sleeping.
10. A. They are very convenient.
B. They cost people much money.
C. They take up people much time.
D. They have both advantages and disadvantages.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked
several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer
conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the
four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. She was stuck in dense fog. B. She was too old to swim for a long time.
C. She had been swimming for too long. D. She suffered a lot for the sea water was icy.
12. A. She was too tired to persist in swimming.
B. The fog was too dense to make her see her goal.
C. The water was cold enough to defeat her.
D. She was persuaded by her mother and her trainer.
13. A. She swam across the Catalina Channel.
B. She insisted on her dream.
C. She convinced others’ suspicion.
D. She eliminated discrimination against women.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. They provide a variety of subjects in their courses.
B. They award most degrees online to their students.
C. They ensure students to improve their language skills.
D. They have met certain standards of excellence.
15. A. They are addicted to computer.B. They lack human interaction.
C. They are reluctant to meet people.
D. They need physical exercises.
16. A. His financial situation. B. His schedule arrangement.
C. His interpersonal competence. D. His social activities.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. They are complaining about the college life.
B. They are planning ways to improve study.
C. They are discussing ways to relax themselves.
D. They are talking about their study here.
18. A. It is more informative to study here.
B. The students are demanded to read more.
C. The students need to keep up with others.
D. It is more difficult to get used to the life here.
19. A. Because she doesn’t plan to deal with the problem.
B. Because she is puzzled by the way to write her essay.
C. Because she is involved too much in planning her essay.
D. Because she must attend too many lectures for study.
20. A. The lectures can’t make any sense for him.
B. The subjects aren’t related to the lectures.
C. The lecturers can’t attract students.
D. The subjects are too boring to be presented.
【听力答案】1-10. CDBCD AABCD 11-20. CBADB ADBCC
【备注】听力录音文字稿附文档末尾
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
（2023上·上海·高三上海市育才中学校考期中）
Champagne is a sparkling wine produced from grapes grown in the Champagne region of France 21
(follow) rules that demand secondary fermentation（发酵）of the wine in the bottle to create carbonation. Some
use “Champagne” as a general term for sparkling wine, but it is illegal to officially label any product Champagne
22 it both comes from the Champagne region and is produced under the rules of the title.In France the first sparkling Champagne was created accidentally. Contrary to legend and popular belief, Dom
Pérignon did not invent sparkling wine. The oldest 23 (record) sparkling wine is Blanquette de Limoux,
24 was apparently invented by Benedictine Monks in the Abbey of Saint-Hilaire in 1531. Over a century later,
the English scientist and physician Christopher Merret documented the addition of sugar 25 a finished
wine to create a second fermentation.
The pressure in the Champagne bottle led it to be called “the devil's wine,” as bottles exploded or corks
popped. In 1844 Adolphe Jaquesson invented the muse-let 26 (prevent) the corks from blowing out. Even
when it was deliberately produced as a sparkling wine, Champagne was for a very long time made by the méthode
rurale, where the wine was bottled before the initial fermentation had finished. Champagne did not use the
méthode champenoise 27 the 19th century, about 200 years after Merret documented the process.
Méthode champenoise is the traditional method by which Champagne is produced. After primary fermentation and
bottling, a second alcoholic fermentation occurs in the bottle. This second fermentation is caused by adding several
grams of yeast and rock sugar to the bottle --- although each brand has 28 own secret recipe. Usually a
minimum of 1.5 years is required to completely develop the full flavor.
The 19th century 29 (see) a fast growth in Champagne production, going from a regional production
of 300,000 bottles a year in 1800 to 20 million bottles in 1850. In 2007, Champagne sales hit 30 all-
time record of 338.7 million bottles.
【答案】
21．following 22．unless 23．recorded 24．which 25．to 26．to prevent 27．until
28．its 29．saw 30．an
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了香槟酒的生产以及历史发展过程。
21．考查非谓语动词。句意：香槟是一种起泡酒，由法国香槟地区种植的葡萄酿造而成，葡萄酒在瓶中需
要进行二次发酵以产生碳酸。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰 sparkling wine，sparkling
wine和动词follow为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填following。
22．考查连词。句意：有些人用“香槟”作为起泡酒的总称，但正式给任何产品贴上香槟的标签都是非法
的，除非它既来自香槟地区，又根据标题的规定生产。根据句意可知，此处为连词unless“除非”连接上下
句，满足句意逻辑要求。故填unless。
23．考查形容词。句意：有记载的最古老的起泡酒是Blanquette de Limoux，它显然是由圣伊莱尔修道院的
本笃会僧侣于1531年发明的。由空后sparkling wine为名词可知，此处为形容词recorded“记录的，有记载
的”作定语修饰该名词，满足句意要求。故填recorded。24．考查定语从句。句意：有记载的最古老的起泡酒是Blanquette de Limoux，它显然是由圣伊莱尔修道院
的本笃会僧侣于1531年发明的。分析句子可，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词
Blanquette de Limoux在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
25．考查介词。句意：一个多世纪后，英国科学家兼医生克里斯托弗·梅雷特(Christopher Merret)记录了在
成品葡萄酒中添加糖以进行第二次发酵的过程。根据句意以及空前addition可知，此处为介词to，构成
addition to“添加到”，满足句意要求。故填to。
26．考查动词不定式。句意：1844年，阿道夫·杰克松发明了一种防止软木塞被吹出的瓶塞。根据句意可
知，此处为动词不定式to do表示“为了……”作目的状语，满足句意要求。故填to prevent。
27．考查连词。句意：直到19世纪，在Merret记录了这一过程大约200年后，香槟公司才开始使用
msamuthode champenoise。根据句意可知，此处为连词not… until“直到……才……”，满足句意要求。故
填until。
28．考查代词。句意：第二次发酵是在瓶中加入几克酵母和冰糖，尽管每个品牌都有自己的秘方。由空后
own secret recipe为名词短语可知，此处为形容词性物主代词。故填its。
29．考查动词时态。句意：19世纪见证了香槟生产的快速增长，从1800年每年30万瓶的地区产量增长到
1850年的2000万瓶。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态以及该句中的 The 19th
century可知，此处应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填saw。
30．考查冠词。句意：2007年，香槟销量创下了3.387亿瓶的历史纪录。根据句意以及空后record为单数
名词可知，此处为表示泛指“一个历史记录”为泛指概念，结合 all为首音节元音因素，所以为不定冠词
an的填入。故填an。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
（2023上·上海·高三复旦附中校考期中）
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A．categorise B．creation C．sake D．innovative E. maximum F. packed
G. pedestrianise H. processing I. shape J. short-lived K. transformation
All Change in Curitiba!
Like many other major world cities, Curitiba in southern Brazil has had to deal with issues such as pollution,
poverty, and limited public funding. However, the architect and three-times mayor of the city, Jaime Lerner, hasintroduced some 31 solutions.
As part of his ‘Master Plan’, Lerner hoped to make the city more environmentally friendly. He initiated a
recycling scheme. In return for delivering recyclable rubbish to specified 32 points, residents receive a
bag of vegetables or bus tickets. As a result, Curitiba now has one of the highest recycling rates in the world. Lerner
also ordered the 33 of 26 urban parks. As well as preventing pollution, these control flooding.
Lerner did not win over all the city’s residents immediately, however. When his plans to 34 part of
the centre were passed, local businesses were up in arms, fearing a reduction in profits. Realising he needed to act
quickly, Lerner had the 35 of six blocks completed within three days. When a group of motorists
attempted to drive through the new pedestrian area, Lerner arranged for local primary schools to hold a painting
workshop on the streets. The drivers were forced to turn back. Luckily for Lerner, this rebellion was 36 .
The increase in profit rapidly persuaded shop owners to change their minds.
Lerner’s determination helped 37 the Curitiba of today. The average income per capita has risen
from a level that was below the Brazilian average in the 1970s to 66% above the average, and surveys indicate high
levels of resident satisfaction.
So, is it all just one big success story? In some respects, Curitiba may have been too successful for its own
38 . People and businesses have come to the city, which now has more than 1.8 million residents. This has put
the city under enormous stress. Forty years ago, buses transported 54,000 passengers a day. Now the number is 2.3
million. According to some experts, the transport system has reached its 39 efficiency capacity.
Following a rise in complaints about the noisy and 40 buses, the service is in decline.
【答案】
31．D 32．A 33．H 34．G 35．K 36．J 37．I 38．C 39．E 40．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发生在库里提巴的改变。
31．考查形容词。句意：然而，建筑师兼三届市长 Jaime Lerner提出了一些创新的解决方案。前文提到库
里提巴在污染、贫穷等方面遇到的问题，后文提到的是市长 Lerner做出的创新性的解决办法。空处需使用
形容词作定语修饰名词solutions。innovative（创新的）符合文意，故选D。
32．考查动词。句意：居民将可回收垃圾送到指定的分类点，作为回报，他们会得到一袋蔬菜或一张公交
车票。前文提到“He initiated a recycling scheme”（他发起了一项回收计划。）Lerner发起环保回收计划，
因此需要将垃圾放到指定分类点，对垃圾进行分类，然后就会获得蔬菜或公交车票。A项categorise（分
类）符合文意。故选A。
33．考查名词。句意：勒纳还下令对26个城市公园进行处理。除了防止污染，它们还能控制洪水。后文提到“As well as preventing pollution, these control flooding.”（除了防止污染，它们还能控制洪水。）公园的
作用不止于此，说明市长Lerner对公园进行了改造加工。H项processing（加工）符合文意。故选H。
34．考查动词。句意：当他将市中心部分地区步行街化的计划获得通过时，当地企业非常反对，担心利润
会减少。后文提到“When a group of motorists attempted to drive through the new pedestrian area, Lerner
arranged for local primary schools to hold a painting workshop on the streets.”（当一群驾车者试图开车穿过新
的步行区时，勒纳安排当地小学在街道上举办绘画讲习班。），说明 Lerner想要将市中心区域改造成步行
区域。G项pedestrianise（使（某一地区）无车辆行驶，使成为步行区）符合文意。故选G。
35．考查名词。句意：勒纳意识到他需要迅速采取行动，他在三天内完成了六个街区的改造。前文提到
Lerner要将市中心区域改造为步行街，此处表示他在三天内改造了六个区域。K项transformation（改造）
符合文意。故选K。
36．考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，叛乱是短暂的。后文提到“The increase in profit rapidly persuaded shop
owners to change their minds.”（利润的增加很快使店主们改变了主意。）前文提到店家以为利润会下降而
不配合这次改造，但利润的上升让他们改变了主意，说明此次对抗是短暂的。J项short-lived（短暂的）符
合文意。故选J。
37．考查动词。句意：勒纳的决心塑造了今天的库里提巴。后文提到“The average income per capita has
risen from a level that was below the Brazilian average in the 1970s to 66% above the average, and surveys indicate
high levels of resident satisfaction.”（人均收入从20世纪70年代低于巴西平均水平的水平上升到高于平均水
平66%的水平，调查显示居民满意度很高。）由此判断，Lerner对库里提巴的改造使得人均收入提高，并
且居民满意度也上涨，说明他的对库里提巴的改造是成功的。I项shape（塑造；形成）符合文意。故选
I。
38．考查名词。句意：在某些方面，库里蒂巴可能过于成功了。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语for
one's own sake，意为“为了自己的利益”。C项sake（缘故;利益）符合文意。故选C。
39．考查形容词。句意：据一些专家称，运输系统已经达到了最高效率。前文提到“Forty years ago, buses
transported 54,000 passengers a day. Now the number is 2.3 million. ”（40年前，公共汽车每天运送54000名
乘客。现在这个数字是230万。）由此判断，对于现在的库里提巴来讲，已达到了其最大的运输量。E项
maximum（最大限度的）符合文意。故选E。
40．考查形容词。随着对公共汽车噪音和拥挤的投诉增多，服务质量正在下降。前文提到公交乘客人数增
长过多，可能会导致拥挤的情况。F项packed（拥挤的）符合文意。故选F。
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
（2023上·上海浦东新·高三统考期中）Recently, Senator Kirsten Gillibrand of New York said that if we
want to fix the gridlock (僵局) in Congress, we need more women. Women are more focused on finding common
ground and 41 , she argued. Besides, neuroscientists have uncovered evidence suggesting that, when the
42 is on, women bring unique strengths to decision making.
Mara Mather and Nichole R. Lighthall, two cognitive neuroscientists, are two of the many researchers who
have found that under normal circumstances, when everything is low-key and 43 , men and women make
decisions about risk in similar ways. We gather the best information we can, we 44 potential costs
against potential gains, and then we choose how to act. 45 , add stress to the situation and men and
women begin to part ways.
Dr. Mather and her team taught people a simple computer gambling game, in which they got points for
inflating (给……充气) digital balloons. The more they inflated each balloon, the greater its value, and the 46
of popping it. When they were relaxed, men and women took similar risks and averaged a similar number of
pumps. But after experiencing the cold water, the stressed women 47 sooner, cashing out their winnings
and going with the more guaranteed win. Stressed men did just the 48 . They kept pumping — in one
study averaging about 50 percent more pumps than the women and risking more.
Of course, just because it works this way in a(n) 49 it doesn’t mean the same thing happens in the
messy real world. Do organizations with women 50 actually make less risky and more empathetic
decisions in stressful circumstances?
Some evidence suggests they do. Credit Suisse (瑞士信贷) examined almost 2,400 global corporations from
2005 to 2011 — including the years directly preceding (之前的) and 51 the financial crisis — and
found that companies with at least one woman on their boards 52 comparable companies with all-male
boards by 26 percent.
53 , what often happens is that women are asked to lead only during periods of intense stress. It’s
called the glass cliff, in which highly qualified women are asked to lead organizations only in times of 54
. Think of Mary T. Barra at General Motors and Marissa Mayer at Yahoo, who were both brought in only after
things had begun to fall apart. If more women were key decision makers, perhaps organizations could respond
effectively to small stresses, 55 letting them escalate into huge ones. There’s a good reason that we’dbenefit from more women in positions of power.
41．A．socializing B．memorizing C．cooperating D．deciding
42．A．presentation B．pressure C．administration D．measure
43．A．understandableB．acceptable C．manageable D．remarkable
44．A．fight B．weigh C．race D．protest
45．A．Furthermore B．Therefore C．Likewise D．However
46．A．sound B．result C．sight D．risk
47．A．pumped B．escaped C．stopped D．learned
48．A．same B．opposite C．great D．latter
49．A．computer B．lab C．team D．analysis
50．A．in charge B．under control C．in demand D．under pressure
51．A．preventing B．following C．deepening D．affecting
52．A．outweighed B．outdated C．outperformed D．outsourced
53．A．Preciously B．Surprisingly C．Unfortunately D．Arguably
54．A．crisis B．prime C．development D．mistake
55．A．according to B．along with C．apart from D．rather than
【答案】
41．C 42．B 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．D 47．C 48．B 49．B 50．A
51．B 52．C 53．C 54．A 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章认为让女性参与决策和掌权可以更好地解决僵局，让我们受益，一方面，
认知神经科学方面的研究显示女性在压力之下所做的决策比男性的风险更小，另一方面，调查显示由女性
掌管的公司在压力环境下表现得更好。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她认为，女性更注重寻找共同点和合作。A. socializing 社交；B.
memorizing记忆；C. cooperating合作；D. deciding决定。根据上文“finding common ground”可推知，与寻
找共同点相并列的应该是合作。故选C。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，神经科学家发现的证据表明，当有压力时，女性在决策方面具有独
特的优势。A. presentation演示；B. pressure压力；C. administration管理；D. measure措施。根据下文“the
stressed women”“Stressed men”“in stressful circumstances”可知，文章主要讨论的是在有压力的情况下，男性
和女性之间在决策方面的差异，因此此处指有压力时，pressure与下文的stressed和stressful呼应。故选
B。
43．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两位认知神经科学家Mara Mather和Nichole R. Lighthall在内的许多研究人员发现，在一切都强度很低、可管理的正常情况下，男性和女性对风险的决策方式相似。A.
understandable可理解的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. manageable可管理的；D. remarkable卓越的。根据上
文“under normal circumstances”和“everything is low-key”可推知，与正常情况下的强度很低相并列的应该
是可管理的，这意味事情处于可控的状态。故选C。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们尽可能收集最好的信息，权衡潜在的成本和潜在的收益，然后选择如
何行动。A. fight斗争；B. weigh权衡；C. race比赛；D. protest抗议。根据下文“potential costs against
potential gains”可推知，此处指权衡潜在的成本和潜在的收益，weigh A against B为固定短语，意为“权
衡……和……，在……和……之间做权衡”。故选B。
45．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在这种情况下增加压力，男人和女人开始分道扬镳。A. Furthermore
此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Likewise同样地；D. However然而。根据上文“under normal circumstances,
when everything is low-key and _____, men and women make decisions about risk in similar ways”和下文“add
stress to the situation and men and women begin to part ways”可知，正常情况下男性和女性对风险的决策方式
相似，增加压力的情况下两性的方式有差异，因此这里有转折，应用However“然而”。故选D。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们给每个气球充气越多，它的分值就越大，破裂的风险也就越大。A.
sound声音；B. result结果；C. sight视觉；D. risk风险。根据上文“The more they inflated each balloon”和常
识可推知，气球内的气体越多，破裂的风险就越大。故选D。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在经历了冷水之后，有压力的女性很快就停下了，把奖金兑现，选择更
有保障的奖金。A. pumped 注入气体；B. escaped 逃脱；C. stopped 停止；D. learned 学习。根据下文
“cashing out their winnings and going with the more guaranteed win”可知，此时女性去兑现奖金，选择更有
保障的奖金，因此是停止给电子气球充气。故选C。
48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：压力大的男性则恰恰相反。A. same相同的；B. opposite相反的；C. great
伟大的；D. latter后者的。根据下文“They kept pumping”可知，男性选择继续注入气体，因此是和女性的
选择相反。故选B。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当然，仅仅因为它在实验室中是这样进行的，并不意味着在混乱的现实世
界中也会发生同样的事情。A. computer计算机；B. lab实验室；C. team团队；D. analysis分析。根据上文
“Dr. Mather and her team taught people a simple computer gambling game, in which they got points for inflating
(给……充气) digital balloons.”可知，此处指上文研究人员在实验室内进行的实验得出的结论。故选B。
50．考查固定短语辨析。句意：在压力环境下，由女性掌管的组织真的会做出风险更小、更具同理心的决
定吗？A. in charge在掌管之下；B. under control处于控制之下；C. in demand有需求；D. under pressure处
于压力之下。根据下文“companies with at least one woman on their boards”可推知，此处指组织由女性掌管负责。故选A。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑞士信贷调查了2005年至2011年间（包括金融危机之前和之后的几年）
近2400家全球公司，发现董事会中至少有一名女性的公司比董事会全为男性的公司表现要好 26%。A.
preventing预防；B. following排在……之后；C. deepening加深；D. affecting影响。根据上文“the years
directly preceding”和下文“the financial crisis”可推知，和在金融危机之前的几年相对应的是在金融危机之
后的几年。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：瑞士信贷调查了2005年至2011年间（包括金融危机之前和之后的几年）
近2400家全球公司，发现董事会中至少有一名女性的公司比董事会全为男性的公司表现要好 26%。A.
outweighed（在重要性或意义上）超过；B. outdated使过时；C. outperformed做得比……好；D. outsourced
把……外包。根据上文“Some evidence suggests they do.”可知，有证据表明由女性掌管的组织真的会在压
力环境下做出更好的决定，因此此处指这样的公司表现得更好。故选C。
53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，经常发生的情况是，女性只在压力很大的时候才被要求进行领
导。A. Preciously珍贵地；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Arguably可论证地。根
据下文“what often happens is that women are asked to lead only during periods of intense stress”可知，让女性
去领导仅发生在压力很大的时候，那时候事态已经很严峻，比较难以挽回，因此用不幸去概括这样的情况。
故选C。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这被称为玻璃悬崖，高素质的女性只在危机时刻被要求领导组织。A. crisis
危机；B. prime鼎盛时期；C. development发展；D. mistake错误。根据上文“only during periods of intense
stress”和下文“only after things had begun to fall apart”可知，让女性去领导仅发生在压力很大之时、事情开
始分崩离析之后，因此此处指危机时刻。故选A。
55．考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果更多的女性成为关键的决策者，也许组织可以有效地应对小的压力，
而不是让它们升级为巨大的压力。A. according to根据；B. along with除……以外（还）；C. apart from
除……之外；D. rather than而不是。根据上文“could respond effectively to small stresses”和下文“letting
them escalate into huge ones”可知，后者是前者的反面情况，因此应用rather than“而不是”，表示有效地应
对小的压力，而不是让小的压力升级为巨大的压力。故选D。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according
to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)
（2023 上·上海·高三位育中学校考期中）At 14, Fraser Doherty was busy making jam after his
grandparents taught him a family recipe. He started selling jars of his jam door to door near his parents’ home in
Edinburgh. As interest grew, his hobby stated to turn into a business. He now makes 40,000 jars of jam a month and
is well on his way to making his first million.
Doherty, who has been chosen to represent Britain in the Global Students Entrepreneurs Awards in Chicago
next month, said there are several advantages to having started young: “As a young person you have a different
view of the world. You have a naivety and an optimism and are willing to give things a shot. The downside for me
isn’t particularly scary. I don’t have a mortgage or kids to worry about so I didn’t have a huge amount to lose if my
idea had not worked.”
Duncan Cheatle, founder of The Supper Club, a forum for established entrepreneurs in London, agreed that
becoming an entrepreneur at a young age has a lot to recommend it.
“For young people there is no concept of thinking outside the box because there isn’t a box. There is capacity
in young people to see things in a different way that older people lose. And often not being an expert in something
can be helpful because if you don’t understand why something works in a certain way, you will decide to do it
differently.”
Emma Jones, founder of Enterprise Nation, the home business website, said that young people were much
more confident about using technology as a base for their business than the older generation. “Whole sectors that
didn’t exist ten years ago are coming up now because young entrepreneurs are challenging all previous rules and
saying technology means that we can do things like this. They have an open capacity to think of new ideas and as a
result they are starting very interesting businesses.”
56．According to Doherty, is the competitive edge of young people starting business compared with the older
generation?
A．ignorance of the reality B．naïve pursuit of a hobby
C．readiness to try things out D．parents shouldering the financial burden
57．The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means young people .
A．are reluctant to obey the existing rules
B．are not bound by established ways of doing things
C．have superior ideas to those of the older generation
D．will not fall into traps that old people set up for them
58．Which of the following statements will Emma Jones most likely agree with?A．Abandoning all previous rules is a must to establish new sectors.
B．As people grow older, they are less able to take a fresh approach.
C．Those lacking confidence are less able to start creative businesses.
D．The use of technology contributes to the creation of new businesses.
59．The purpose of this passage is to .
A．inform readers of success stories of young entrepreneurs
B．introduce opinions on the advantages of being young entrepreneurs
C．convince young people to follow the trend and start their own businesses
D．provide specific guidance on how to become successful young entrepreneurs
【答案】56．C 57．B 58．D 59．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述年轻企业家的观点和优势。
56．细节理解题。根据第二段“Doherty, who has been chosen to represent Britain in the Global Students
Entrepreneurs Awards in Chicago next month, said there are several advantages to having started young: “As a
young person you have a different view of the world. You have a naivety and an optimism and are willing to give
things a shot. (Doherty被选中代表英国参加下个月在芝加哥举行的全球学生企业家奖。他说他从小的时候开
始就有几个优点：“作为一个年轻人，你对世界有不同的看法。你天真乐观，愿意试一试。”)”可知，
Doherty认为年轻人愿意尝试。故推知Doherty认为与老一辈相比，愿意尝试是年轻人创业的竞争优势。故
选C。
57．词句猜测题。根据第四段“There is capacity in young people to see things in a different way that older
people lose. And often not being an expert in something can be helpful because if you don’t understand why
something works in a certain way, you will decide to do it differently. (年轻人有能力以老年人失去的不同方式看
待事物。通常不是某事物的专家会对你有所帮助，因为如果你不明白为什么某件事以某种方式工作，你将
决定以不同的方式做。)”可知，年轻人会以不同的方式看待问题，他们不认为专家的建议和既定的做事方
式就是有帮助的。故推知 “ For young people there is no concept of thinking outside the box because there isn’t a
box.表示年轻人“不受既定做事方式的束缚”，故选B。
58．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Emma Jones, founder of Enterprise Nation, the home business website, said
that young people were much more confident about using technology as a base for their business than the older
generation. “Whole sectors that didn’t exist ten years ago are coming up now because young entrepreneurs are
challenging all previous rules and saying technology means that we can do things like this. They have an open
capacity to think of new ideas and as a result they are starting very interesting businesses.” (家庭商业网站Enterprise Nation的创始人Emma Jones表示，年轻人比老一辈人更有信心使用科技作为其业务的基础。
“十年前不存在的整个行业现在正在出现，因为年轻的企业家正在挑战以前的所有规则，并说科技意味着
我们可以做这样的事情。他们有一种开放的能力来思考新的想法，因此他们开始了非常有趣的业务。)”可
知，Emma认为年轻人通过科技拓展新业务。故推知 Emma同意“使用科技有助于创建新业务”这一观点，
故选D。
59．推理判断题。根据第二段“Doherty, who has been chosen to represent Britain in the Global Students
Entrepreneurs Awards in Chicago next month, said there are several advantages to having started young: “As a
young person you have a different view of the world. You have a naivety and an optimism and are willing to give
things a shot. (Doherty被选中代表英国参加下个月在芝加哥举行的全球学生企业家奖。他说他从小的时候开
始就有几个优点：“作为一个年轻人，你对世界有不同的看法。你天真乐观，愿意试一试。”)”及第四段
“There is capacity in young people to see things in a different way that older people lose. And often not being an
expert in something can be helpful because if you don’t understand why something works in a certain way, you will
decide to do it differently. (年轻人有能力以老年人失去的不同方式看待事物。通常不是某事物的专家会对你
有所帮助，因为如果你不明白为什么某件事以某种方式工作，你将决定以不同的方式做。)”及最后一段
““Whole sectors that didn’t exist ten years ago are coming up now because young entrepreneurs are challenging
all previous rules and saying technology means that we can do things like this. They have an open capacity to think
of new ideas and as a result they are starting very interesting businesses. (十年前不存在的整个行业现在正在出
现，因为年轻的企业家正在挑战以前的所有规则，并说科技意味着我们可以做这样的事情。他们有一种开
放的能力来思考新的想法，因此他们开始了非常有趣的业务。)”可知，文章主要介绍成为年轻企业家的观
点和优势。故选B。
(B)
（2023上·上海·高三上海市建平中学校考期中）
Know how much to tip
New rules of gratuities
The pandemic has been particularly hard on people who work for tips. Some haven’t been able to do their jobs
at all, while others don’t interact with customers the same way. In either case, tips dried up, causing a lot of people
to suffer. Meanwhile, many customers felt the need to tip more because of the new risks and hardships that essential
service workers suddenly faced.
Just as many services have changed, so should tipping. Some old standards no longer seem fair, and several
newer ones will apply long after the pandemic is over.
Some new rules of tipping that are likely here to stay:
Think outside the (cash) box. You can
Give more if you can. Treat business owners
also “tip” with a thank-you note or aIt’s common for tips to be divided differently.
between all the workers at a store or homemade gift when a business (or your
A practice of the past, tipping
restaurant, not just those who budget) doesn’t permit gratuities.
the boss separately is no longer
interact directly with customers. So Consider writing a review online,
necessary. But if he provides
giving generously ensures a fairer making sure to name names.
you with your service, tip him as
tip for all.
you would any of his workers.
As for specific situations, here’s what the experts recommend:
FOOD AND DRINKS
Restaurant workers
Old rule: Leave a tip only when you dine in.
New rule: Always tip, even for takeout.
Tip: 15 to 20 percent when you dine in, and 10 to 15 percent on takeout or delivery orders.
Personal shoppers
Old rule: N/A(Not applicable). Many of these services, such as grocery pickup, are newer.
New rule: Tip, and do it in the app, since you are unlikely to interact directly with your shopper.
Tip: 10 to 15 percent. If a tip is already included, add a few dollars extra.
HOME DELIVERIES
Package delivery drivers
Old rule: Don’t tip.
New rule: Show appreciation if you get deliveries more than once a week.
Tip: Drinks, snacks, or $5 to $20 if a package is particularly heavy or large. Postal workers cannot accept cash or
gifts worth more than $50 per year. UPS tells drivers to decline tips unless a customer insists. And FedEX prohibits
employees from accepting cash or cash equivalents (such as gift cards).
Flower delivery drivers
Old rule: The person who places the order tips those who deliver flowers (and other specialty items).
New rule: You can’t assume the gift giver already tipped, so if you’re lucky enough to get such a delivery, pass the
goodwill along in the form of a tip.
Tip: $5 to $10.
PERSONAL SERVICES
Ride-share drivers
Old rule: Tip in cash.
New rule: Ask your driver. The Lyft and Uber apps let you add gratuities, but some drivers prefer cash.
Tip: 15 to 20 percent.
60．New rules of tipping are recommended because ________.
A．the pandemic has driven many businesses to financial ruin
B．some people have to work from home without interaction
C．some old standards can’t help out some service workers now
D．customers dismiss the old standards as unfair to themselves61．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Tip every worker fairly in case some may keep the money to himself.
B．Writing a review online is highly recommended to express gratitude
C．The more you tip, the more those who interact directly with you will get.
D．There is no need to tip the boss because he doesn’t provide any service.
62．Which of the following people did best in tipping according to the recommended rules?
Names Situations Tips
Michael order a roast goose ($50) at Kam’s Roasts for takeout None
Susan take a delivery of a package from FedEx (bottled water, 500ml, 24-pack) None
Brittany receive a bunch of flower delivered by a Flower Plus driver $5(cash) for the gardener
Steven take an Uber ($15) from St Vincent’s Hospital to the Central Library $3(cash) for the driver
A．Michael B．Steven C．Brittany D．Susan
【答案】60．C 61．B 62．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了给人小费的新规定及一些行业的小费新规定。
60．细节理解题。根据第一段“The pandemic has been particularly hard on people who work for tips. Some
haven’t been able to do their jobs at all, while others don’t interact with customers the same way. In either case, tips
dried up, causing a lot of people to suffer. Meanwhile, many customers felt the need to tip more because of the new
risks and hardships that essential service workers suddenly faced.”（这场新冠疫情对那些为小费而工作的人来
说尤其艰难。一些人根本无法完成他们的工作，而另一些人则不以同样的方式与客户互动。无论哪种情况，
小费都干涸了，导致很多人受苦。与此同时，由于服务人员突然面临新的风险和困难，许多顾客觉得有必
要增加小费。）可知，建议制定新的小费规则，因为一些旧的标准现在已经无法帮助一些服务工作者。故
选C项。
61．细节理解题。根据 Think outside the (cash) box.中“You can also “tip” with a thank-you note or a
homemade gift when a business (or your budget) doesn’t permit gratuities. Consider writing a review online,
making sure to name names.”（当公司或你的预算不允许给小费时，你也可以用感谢信或自制的礼物作为
“小费”。考虑在网上写一篇评论，一定要提到名字。）可知，强烈建议在网上写一篇评论来表达感激之
情，这项陈述是正确的。ACD选项均与原文实意不符。故选B项。
62．推理判断题。根据Restaurant workers部分“Tip: 15 to 20 percent when you dine in, and 10 to 15 percent
on takeout or delivery orders. ”（小费：堂食时为15％至20%，外卖或外卖订单为10％至15%。）可知，订
外卖需要给工作人员小费，Michael做法错误。根据 Package delivery drivers 部分“And FedEx prohibitsemployee s from accepting cash or cash equivalents ( such as gift cards ).”（联邦快递禁止员工接受现金或现金
等价物，如礼品卡。）可知，无需给联邦快递员工小费，Susan做法错误。根据Flower delivery drivers 部
分“You can’t assume the gift giver already tipped, so if you’re lucky enough to get such a delivery, pass the
goodwill along in the form of a tip.”（你不能假设送礼者已经给小费了，所以如果你有幸收到这样的快递，
请以小费的形式传递善意。）可知，需要给送花人小费，而不是给园丁小费， Brittany做法错误。根据
Ride - share drivers 部分“Tip :15 to 20 percent .”（小费：15％到20%）可知，需要给司机15％到20％的小
费。即＄15*15%=$2.25/$15*20%=3$。 所以根据推荐的规则，Steven在给小费方面做得最好。故选B项。
(C)
（2023 上·上海·高三上海交大附中校考期中）Many early approaches to language technology—and
particularly translation—got stuck in a conceptual dead end: the rules-based approach. In translation, this meant
trying to write rules to analyze the text of a sentence in the language of origin, breaking it down into a sort of
abstract “interlanguage” and rebuilding it according to the rules of the target language. These approaches showed
early promise. But language is full of ambiguities (歧义) and exceptions, so such systems were hugely
complicated and easily broke down when tested on sentences beyond the simple set they had been designed for.
Nearly all language technologies began to get a lot better with the application of statistical methods, often
called a “brute force” approach. This relies on software scanning vast amounts of data, looking for patterns and
learning from precedent. For example, in parsing language (breaking it down into its grammatical components), the
software learns from large bodies of text that have already been parsed by humans. It uses what it has learned to
make its best guess about a previously unseen text. In machine translation, the software scans millions of words
already translated by humans, again looking for patterns. In speech recognition, the software learns from a body of
recordings and the transcriptions made by humans.
Thanks to the growing power of processors, falling prices for data storage and, most crucially, the explosion in
available data, this approach eventually bore fruit. Mathematical techniques that had been known for decades came
into their own, and big companies with access to enormous amounts of data were ready to benefit.
The final advance, which began only about five years ago, came with the arrival of deep learning through
digital neural networks (DNNs). These are often claimed to have qualities similar to those of the human brain:
“neurons” are connected in software, and connections can become stronger or weaker in the process of learning.
But Nils Lenke, head of research for a language technology company, explains matter-of-factly that “DNNs are just
another kind of mathematical model,” the basis of which had been well understood for decades. What changed was
the hardware being used.Almost by chance, DNN researchers discovered that the graphical processing units (GPUs) used to produce
graphics in applications like video games were also brilliant at handling neural networks. The technique has already
produced big leaps in quality for all kinds of deep learning, including decoding handwriting, recognizing faces and
classifying images. Now they are helping to improve all manner of language technologies, often bringing
enhancements of up to 30%. That has shifted language technology from usable at a pinch to really rather good. But
so far no one has quite worked out what will move it on from merely good to reliably great.
63．According to the passage, which of the following is a problem of the rules-based approach?
A．Rules are difficult to identify in some languages.
B．It is impossible to find all the rules in a language.
C．The rules are often misinterpreted by researchers.
D．There are always rules too abstract to understand.
64．________ has a part to play in enabling the “brute force” approach to gradually bear fruit?
A．The increasing amount of data
B．The falling prices of scanning software
C．The availability of recordings and transcripts
D．The wider knowledge people have of language
65．Which of the following is Nils Lenke most likely to agree with about DNNs?
A．They are a big breakthrough. B．They depend more on hardware.
C．They are not innovative in nature. D．They haven’t been scientifically proved.
66．What does the writer imply about GPUs?
A．They are inferior to DNNs in their quality of deep learning.
B．They have made language technology reliably greater than ever.
C．They have achieved limited success regarding language technology.
D．They help enhance language technologies by means of image classification.
【答案】63．B 64．A 65．C 66．C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了语言充满了不确定性，现存的语言系统不够完美，因此所有的语言技
术都开始使用数据方法，但仍然有弊端。因此也就出现了DNNs和 GPUs，但是这两种方法仍然不够完美。
63．细节理解题。根据第一段“Many early approaches to language technology—and particularly translation—
got stuck in a conceptual dead end: the rules-based approach. In translation, this meant trying to write rules to
analyze the text of a sentence in the language of origin, breaking it down into a sort of abstract “interlanguage” and
rebuilding it according to the rules of the target language. These approaches showed early promise. But language isfull of ambiguities (歧义) and exceptions, so such systems were hugely complicated and easily broke down when
tested on sentences beyond the simple set they had been designed for.(许多早期的语言技术方法，尤其是翻译，
都陷入了一个概念性的死胡同：基于规则的方法。在翻译中，这意味着试图编写规则来分析原语的句子文
本，将其分解成一种抽象的“中介语”，并根据目标语的规则重建它。这些方法显示出早期的希望。但是
语言充满了歧义和例外，所以这样的系统非常复杂，在测试它们设计的简单集合之外的句子时很容易崩
溃)”可知，语言系统存在例外，B选项“找到一种语言的所有规则是不可能的”属于基于规则的方法的问
题。故选B。
64．细节理解题。根据第二段“This relies on software scanning vast amounts of data, looking for patterns and
learning from precedent.(这依赖于软件扫描大量数据，寻找模式并从先例中学习)”以及第三段“Thanks to the
growing power of processors, falling prices for data storage and, most crucially, the explosion in available data, this
approach eventually bore fruit.(多亏了处理器不断增长的能力，以及数据储存价格的降低，更重要的是可利
用数据的激增，这种方法最终有了成果)”可知，这种方法最终有成果最重要的因素是可利用数据的突然增
多。故选A。
65．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“But Nils Lenke, head of research for a language technology company,
explains matter-of-factly that “DNNs are just another kind of mathematical model,” the basis of which had been
well understood for decades. What changed was the hardware being used.(但是语言技术公司的研究主管 Nils
Lenke认为，DNNs只是另一种数学模式，它的原理在很多年前就已经知道了，唯一有所改变的就是硬件
的使用)”可知，Nils Lenke认为，DNNs在本质上没有什么太大的变化，只有硬件的使用发生了变化而已，
即它们在本质上没有创新。故选C。
66．推理判断题。根据最后一段“That has shifted language technology from usable at a pinch to really rather
good. But so far no one has quite worked out what will move it on from merely good to reliably great.(这使得语言
技术从紧要关头的可用性转变为真正的相当好。但到目前为止，还没有人弄清楚怎样才能让它从仅仅是好
变成可靠的好)”可知，作者认为GPUs在语言技术方面有了进步，从可使用到相当不错，但是却还没达到
相当可靠的地步，故它只是取得了有限的成功。故选C。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used
once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.
（2023上·上海·高三上海中学校考期中）
A．Mr Sigaty was also the first to admit there was lots of work to be done to ensure the sport continued togrow.
B．The popularity of e-sports is surprising.
C．Organized competitive gaming has become a billion-dollar industry.
D．Even the US government grants professional athlete visas to top e-sports players.
E．E-sports doesn’t fit neatly into any of the existing definitions of a sport.
F．With the launch of video streaming services, e-sports became the mainstream.
E-sports: the world’s biggest performance you’ve never heard of
Whoever said you’re wasting your life away playing video games obviously had no idea how big e-sports
were going to get.
E-sports has become huge business over the past five years, with professional video gaming tournaments
offering more prize money than some of sport’s biggest events. 67 The League of Legends championship
last year was watched by more than 27 million people when broadcast on ESPN, eclipsing the audiences for last
year’s baseball World Series (23.5 million viewers) and NBA Finals (18 million). With big popularity and big
money involved these days, more and more people across the world are considering professional gaming as a
genuine career.
While some gamers have been making a living off their skills since the late 1990s, it wasn’t until 2010’s Star-
craft II that things really changed. One of the first games built with e-sports squarely as its focus, Star-craft Ii
became a true spectator sport. 68 “We knew we were building an e-sport and the competitive nature
combined with streaming coming into its own really helped catch viewership in Europe and North America.” the
game’s executive producer Chris Sigaty told an Australian news agency.
69 In Australia, the biggest challenge is basic facilities. Countries like South Korea and the USA
have high-speed broadband that allows competitors to play and practice without the limitations of Australia’s
relatively slow connection speeds. As more money is brought into the sport, it’s hoped traditional media companies
and sponsors will invest money to help bring world class facilities to Australia’s shores.
But even if that does happen - will e-sports be able to truly claim it is a “sport”?
Fans argue that e-sports have all the excitement, skill and competition of a basketball game. On top of that, e-
sports have teams, star players, sponsors and millions of dedicated fans across the world. 70 But e-sports
cannot escape the argument that it lacks the athletic aspects of other professional sports.
【答案】67．B 68．F 69．A 70．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍电子竞技比赛。
67．根据下文“The League of Legends championship last year was watched by more than 27 million peoplewhen broadcast on ESPN, eclipsing the audiences for last year’s baseball World Series (23.5 million viewers) and
NBA Finals (18 million). With big popularity and big money involved these days, more and more people across the
world are considering professional gaming as a genuine career. (去年的英雄联盟锦标赛在ESPN播出时有2700
多万人观看，超过了去年棒球世界大赛（2350万观众）和NBA总决赛（1800万观众）的观众人数。如今，
随着知名度和巨额资金的投入，世界各地越来越多的人将职业游戏视为一种真正的职业。)”可知，电子竞
技是非常受欢迎的比赛项目。选项B“电子竞技的受欢迎程度令人惊讶。”和下文意思一致。故选B。
68．根据下文““We knew we were building an e-sport and the competitive nature combined with streaming
coming into its own really helped catch viewership in Europe and North America.” the game’s executive producer
Chris Sigaty told an Australian news agency. (该游戏的执行制片人Chris Sigaty告诉澳大利亚一家新闻机构：
“我们知道我们正在建设一个电子竞技，竞争的性质加上流媒体的发展，确实有助于吸引欧洲和北美的观
众。”)”可知，电子竞技和流媒体的共同发展。选项 F“随着视频流媒体服务的推出，电子竞技成为主
流。”和下文意思一致。故选F。
69．根据下文“In Australia, the biggest challenge is basic facilities. Countries like South Korea and the USA
have high-speed broadband that allows competitors to play and practice without the limitations of Australia’s
relatively slow connection speeds. As more money is brought into the sport, it’s hoped traditional media companies
and sponsors will invest money to help bring world class facilities to Australia’s shores. (在澳大利亚，最大的挑
战是基础设施。韩国和美国等国家拥有高速宽带，竞争对手可以在不受澳大利亚相对较慢的连接速度限制
的情况下进行比赛和练习。随着更多的资金被引入这项运动，人们希望传统媒体公司和赞助商能够投资，
帮助将世界级的设施带到澳大利亚海岸。)”可知，这一段主要介绍电子竞技被列为了运动项目。选项
A“Sigaty先生也是第一个承认要确保这项运动继续发展，还有很多工作要做的人。”和下文意思一致。故
选A。
70．根据上文“Fans argue that e-sports have all the excitement, skill and competition of a basketball game. On
top of that, e-sports have teams, star players, sponsors and millions of dedicated fans across the world. (球迷们认
为，电子竞技具有篮球比赛的所有刺激性、技巧和竞争性。除此之外，电子竞技在世界各地拥有团队、明
星选手、赞助商和数百万忠实粉丝。)”可知，这一段介绍电子竞技的特征和受欢迎情况。选项D“甚至美国
政府也向顶级电子竞技选手发放职业运动员签证。”和上文意思一致。故选D。
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more
than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.（2023上·上海·高三上海南汇中学校考阶段练习）Vertical farming isn’t actually a very new concept. The
idea has existed since at least the 1950s. However, it was only recently that we began to seriously explore the idea,
and put it forward as a solution to the world food crisis.
So what has vertical farming got going for it? At present, over 80 per cent of the world’s land that is suitable
for farming is already being used. In order to grow enough food to feed the nine billion people that will be living on
our planet in the middle of the 21 century, we’ll need TEN million more square kilometres of land - that’s an area
20 per cent bigger than Brazil!
The building used for vertical farming won’t take up much space because they are tail - they’re skyscrapers.
They can be built in the middle of cities, where all the people are. The food would be on people’s doorsteps, almost
literally, so transport costs are minimal. That’s great for helping to combat global warming and climate change.
Another advantage is that all food could be grown organically. The crops would need less water than
traditional ones because all the water is recycled. All the nutrients are recycled too. The only thing that actually
leaves the building is the produce, the food.
Vertical farming would create jobs too. Imagine the small businesses that would spring up around these farms
- for packaging, distribution, catering, and so on - they would employ thousands of people.
Where is it likely to happen? Who will benefit most from it? First and foremost, countries that don’t have
agriculture: cold countries, like Greenland and Iceland, and hot, desert countries, like Saudi Arabia. You would
have sealed buildings in these places with an artificial climate - artificially warm in Iceland, artificially cool in a hot
country.
The social benefits are amazing and everybody gets good, healthy food. People have reacted really well to this
idea - I think the idea is about to develop into reality.
71.__________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
【答案】Vertical farming was restudied recently to solve the world food crisis due to its three advantages. First of
all, it doesn’t need much space. Besides, it can not only use recycled water with nutrients to grow organically but
also provide job opportunities. It’s of great benefit to countries without agriculture and has gained support frompeople.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。虽然垂直农业这一概念早在 20世纪50年代就有了，但人们近期才开始探索
它，认为它是解决世界粮食危机的一个解决方案，因其有三个优势：占用空间少，食物有机，创造工作机
会。该模式对于没有农业的国家最为受益。人们对此的反响很好。
【详解】1. 要点摘录
① Vertical farming isn’t actually a very new concept.
② The building used for vertical farming won’t take up much space because they are tail - they’re skyscrapers.
③ Another advantage is that all food could be grown organically.
④ Vertical farming would create jobs too.
⑤ Where is it likely to happen? Who will benefit most from it?
⑥ People have reacted really well to this idea.
2.缜密构思
第1个要点引出垂直农业这个概念，第2、3、4个要点指出了垂直农业的好处。第5个要点引出受益群体。
最后一个要点说明人们的反应。
3.遣词造句
Vertical farming was restudied recently to solve the world food crisis due to its three advantages.
First of all, it doesn’t need much space.
Besides, it can not only use recycled water with nutrients to grow organically but also provide job opportunities.
It’s of great benefit to countries without agriculture and has gained support from people..
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Besides, it can not only use recycled water with nutrients to grow organically but also
provide job opportunities. 运用not only…but also…连接并列结构对第四、第五段进行了概括，表达非常高
级。
[高分句型2]：It’s of great benefit to countries without agriculture and has gained support from people.运用了
be+of+名词的结构来代替形容词，表达非常高级。
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72．（2023上·上海·高三上海市育才中学校考期中）他用水壶烧了些水，为我泡了一杯茶。(boil)
【答案】He boiled some water with a/the kettle and made a cup of tea for me.
【详解】考查时态。根据句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“用水壶”是with a/the
kettle，“烧了些水”是boil some water，boil用过去式，“为我”是for me，“泡一杯茶”是make a cup oftea，make用过去式，用and连接两个动作。故答案为He boiled some water with a/the kettle and made a cup
of tea for me.
73．（2023上·上海·高三上海市建平中学校考期中）这两部电影的共同点是故事新颖，特效震撼，大咖云
集。(What)
【答案】What these two movies have in common are novel stories, powerful special effects, and a great cast of
celebrities
【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“这两部电影的共同
点”用what引导的主语从句，“和……有共同点”是 have... in common，“这两部电影”是 these two
movies，主语是复数，因此have用原形，“这两部电影的共同点是”翻译为What these two movies have in
common are...，“故事新颖”是novel stories，“特效震撼”是powerful special effects，“大咖云集”是a
great cast of celebrities，用and连接前后三者，因此整句话翻译为“What these two movies have in common
are novel stories, powerful special effects, and a great cast of celebrities”。故答案为What these two movies have
in common are novel stories, powerful special effects, and a great cast of celebrities.
74．（2023上·上海·高三位育中学校考期中）经过三个月的翻新，报告厅配备了一流的视听设备，焕然一
新。(take on)
【答案】After the three-month restoration/renovation/update, the lecture hall/auditorium is equipped with/has
been equipped with the top-class visual and audio equipment/facilities, taking on a new look.
【详解】考查名词、动词、介词和短语。分析句意可知，本句中的“经过”可用介词 after表示；表示“翻
新”可用名词restoration或renovation或 update；表示“三个月的”可用合成形容词短语three-month；表
示“报告厅”可用名词auditorium或短语the lecture hall作主语；配备”可用短语be equipped with作谓语，
再根据句意此处可以用一般现在时或现在完成时，所以此处用 is equipped with或has been equipped with；
表示“一流的”可用合成形容词top-class；表示“试听设备”可用短语audio equipment或audio facilities；
表示“焕然一新”可用短语 take on a new look，再分析句式结构，因为take on和主语之间是主动关系，所
以用现在分词短语 taking on a new look 作伴随状语表主动关系。故答案为 After the three-month
restoration/renovation/update, the lecture hall/auditorium is equipped with/has been equipped with the top-class
visual and audio equipment/ facilities, taking on a new look。
75．（2023上·上海·高三复旦附中校考期中）植物园的工作人员还准备了多部短剧，以更有趣、更多元的
方式带领小朋友们走进植物的世界。(way)
【答案】The staff of the botanical garden also prepared multiple short plays to lead children into the world of
plants in a more interesting and diverse way.【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。“植物园”可表示为 the botanical garden；“工作人员”可表示为
staff；“准备”可表示为prepare；“多部短剧”可表示为multiple short plays；“以更有趣、更多元的方
式”可表示为in a more interesting and diverse way；“带领……走进……”可表示为lead...into...；“……的
世界”可表示为the world of。根据句意，工作人员准备短剧是为了带领小朋友们走进植物的世界，所以这
里应用不定式。故本句可翻译为：The staff of the botanical garden also prepared multiple short plays to lead
children into the world of plants in a more interesting and diverse way.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
76．（2023上·上海·高三上海交大附中校考期中）假设你班将举行十八岁集体生日，并请每位同学准备一
份生日礼物在班会上进行随机互赠。你打算赠送什么物品？写一篇短文介绍你的礼物，内容须包括：
1. 对该物品的简要描述；
2. 你选择赠送该物品的理由。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________
【答案】 For the 18th birthday party, the gift I prepared was a British travel guide. I bought this online. Some
famous places of interest in Britain are introduced in the guidebook. Each place is illustrated with beautiful
pictures.
The reason why I choose this gift is that I love traveling. I think traveling can increase our knowledge and
broaden our horizon. Britain is one of the countries I look forward to going to most. To travel to Britain, visitors
can mainly feel the spirit of medieval European nobility. British civilization has a long history and medieval
buildings can be seen everywhere. British tourism services are of high quality and very ritualistic. Visitors can
experience the most gentlemanly service. There are more tourist attractions in Britain. Both historical sites and
natural scenery are popular.
I hope that the students who receive this gift from me can love travel and love life.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生写一篇短文介绍自己在十八岁集体生日时准备的生日礼物。
【详解】1.词汇积累
礼物：gift→present选择：choose→select
仪式的：ritualistic→ceremonial
得到：receive→obtain
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Some famous places of interest in Britain are introduced in the guidebook. Each place is illustrated with
beautiful pictures.
拓展句：Some famous places of interest in Britain are introduced in the guidebook, each of which is illustrated
with beautiful pictures.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The reason why I choose this gift is that I love traveling. (运用了why引导的限制性定语
从句和that引导的表语从句)
[高分句型2] Britain is one of the countries I look forward to going to most. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句，
省略了that)
学霸作文01：
My chosen gift for the 18th birthday collective celebration in my class is a customized photo album. This photo
album is made of high-quality materials and has a unique design that reflects the personality of the recipient.
I choose to give this gift because I believe that photos are memories that can be cherished forever. The 18th
birthday is a significant milestone in one's life, and having a photo album that captures the memories of this special
day will be something that the recipient can treasure for years to come. It can also serve as a reminder of the
friendships and bonds that were formed during our time together in school.
Moreover, by customizing the design of the photo album, it shows that I put a lot of thought and effort into
selecting a gift that is personal and meaningful. I hope that my gift will bring joy and happiness to the recipient and
remind them of the good times we shared together.
学霸作文02：
For the 18th birthday collective celebration in my class, I have decided to gift a personalized journal. The
journal is made of high-quality leather with the recipient's name embossed on the cover. It also contains
inspirational quotes and prompts for reflection on each page.
I chose to give this gift because I believe that turning 18 marks the beginning of a new chapter in one's life, full
of opportunities and challenges. A journal can serve as a companion for the journey ahead, providing a space for the
recipient to record their thoughts, dreams, and aspirations. It can also be a source of encouragement during difficulttimes and a record of their personal growth.
By personalizing the journal, I aim to show that I value the individuality of the recipient and want to offer them
a meaningful gift that can be a source of comfort and inspiration as they navigate the transition into adulthood.
听力原文录音文字稿
Section A
1. W: I may drive up to London on Saturday for I need to do things there.
M: I’d go early if I were you. The motorway can get very busy, even on Saturday. You may get stuck in the
traffic.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
2. W: I won a first prize in the National Writing Contest and I got this camera as an award.
M: It’s a good camera! You can take it when you travel. I had no idea you were a marvelous writer.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
3. W: Do you want to take some time for coffee? There is a coffee machine around the corner. It’s is 20 cents a
cup.
M: All I have is a quarter, and the machine says “exact change”.
Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?
4. W: I am upset about this year’s bonus. I was really expecting a little more. Are there any problems with my
work?
M: No, not at all. We all have to cut back. I’m hoping next year’s going to be better.
Q: What does the man mean?
5. W: Excuse me. Could you help me? I’d like to exchange this sweater. It was a birthday gift, but I do not really
like it.
M: I see. Well, why don’t you look around? I will switch another one you like for you.
Q: What is the woman probably going to do?
6. W: I heard you have started learning to play the guitar. How is it going?
M: I am teaching myself. I have got a book to get the basic ideas. I am making very good progress.
Q: How does the man learn to play the guitar?
7. M: Excuse me, how do I know the bus bound for the department store?
W: You will notice the route No. 6 in the front of the bus. And you should get off at the fifth stop.
Q: What are the two speakers talking about?
8. M: Something dirty must have come into my eyes and I have an infection. But I need to swim a long time
every day because I’m a swimmer.
W: I will give you some eye drops but you can’t go swimming until it clears up.
Q: What can we learn from the conversation?9. W: Do you have something on our mind? You look so worried.
M: Well, I did not sleep well last night. My boss assigned me three projects. And I still haven’t finished them.
Q: Why does the man feel worried?
10. W: As we all know, mobile phones bring people great convenience and shorten the distance among friends and
relatives.
M: They bring a great many advantages, but also some weak points.
Q: What does the man say about mobile phones?
Section B
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
When she looked ahead, Florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog. Her body was unable to
react. She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours. Already she was the first woman to swim and English
Channel in both directions. Now, at age 34, her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina Island
to the California coast.
On that Fourth of July morning in 1952, the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so dense that she could
hardly see her support boats. Alongside Florence in one of the boats, her mother and her trainer offered
encouragement. They told her it was not much farther. But all she could see was fog. They urged her not to quit she
never had such an idea until then. With only a half mile to go, she asked to be pulled out. She told a reporter hours
later, “Look, I’m not excusing myself, but if I could have seen land I might have made it.” It was not tiredness or
even the cold water that defeated her. It was the fog. She was unable to see her goal.
Two months later, she tried again. This time, despite the same dense fog, she swam with her goal clearly
pictured in her mind. She knew that somewhere behind that fog was land and this time she made it! Florence
Chadwick became the first woman to swim the Catalina Channel, surpassing the men’s record by two hours!
Questions:
11. Why was Florence’s body unable to react?
12. Why did Florence ask to be pulled out to quit?
13. What is Florence’s achievement according to this passage?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
Looking to improve your language skills, but you don’t have the time to go abroad to attend school? More and
more universities around the world are offering opportunities for students to get degrees online (distance education)
from the comfort of their own homes, and many of these colleges and universities have met certain standards of
excellence.
If you decide to take language courses online (or any subject for that matter), be sure there are advantages in
studying online. Its costs are usually lower, and you can study at your own pace and easily get the materials 24
hours a day from almost any computer in the world. However, you won’t get the human interaction of meeting
people face to face, as you would if you were attending a school abroad in person.
On the other hand, the advantages of going abroad may include day to day chances to learn a new culture, tomeet new friends with whom you can use and practice the language, and to see different parts of the world.
However, there may be a number of disadvantages for some students, including high costs, time away from their
school and family and difficulty in getting used to a new culture and way of life.
Whatever you do, consider a distance education program that meets your educational needs, is within your
budget, and equally importantly, provides you with chances beyond the classroom through cultural and educational
activities.
Questions:
14. What is the current situation for many online institutions?
15. What would happen if students were attending school online?
16. What should one consider if he takes a distance education program?
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: Oh, hello, Olaf, I haven’t seen you for ages. How are things going?
M: Hello, Lisa. Well, it’s great studying here, but some things take quite a bit of getting used to. It’s not like stdying
in my country. Here we have to read so much, I just can’t keep up with it at all.
W: Well, I agree, there is a lot to read. But I don’t mind that. In fact, I like reading. My problem is that I want to
read more and more, but there isn’t the time.
M: How do you balance your reading and your homework?
W: Actually, I don’t deal with that well. I spend hours planning an essay and by the time I get to actually writing it
all down, the deadline is up. I’m always doing the final draft in a hurry.
M: And there is another thing, I never seem to manage enough time for my lectures. There are so many lectures and
they’re always so early in the morning. I can’t ever get out of bed in time for a nine o’clock lecture.
W: Well, isn’t that because you go to so many parties, Olaf? If you do get home until one or two in the morning,
how can you ever expect to be awake for a lecture?
M: If you ask me, that would not make any difference! Most of the lecturers are so boring, they put you to sleep
anyhow! Why can’t they make the lecturers more interesting? After all, a lot of the subjects are fascinating, but the
lecturers make them sound boring.
Questions:
17. What are the two speakers doing?
18. What is the different way of study in this country according to the man?
19. Why can’t the woman balance her reading with her homework?
20. What is the problem about the lectures according to the man?
