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2024 年中考英语新课标话题综合突破
01-人与自我(二)----做人与做事 (B卷)
一、完形填空
A
One of my earliest memories is play “shops” with my grandpa when I was 5. After leaving school at 18, I
worked in a fruit shop, but I had no 1 of how to run my own shop back then.
Several years later, my husband Eric and I heard about a shop for sale in a nearby village. We had a look and
decided to have it as our own. We were a bit 2 at shop-keeping, so we often didn’t know what the
3 were asking for. But we soon learned how to run it well.
Nowadays, more people shop online, but they still come here for things 4 from their order. I’ve kept up
with technology, but the shop itself hasn’t changed much.
Now, as I’m getting older, the shop is open from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. on weekdays, 5 closing at 8:30 p.m.
like before.
Eric died 16 years ago, but I am 6 giving up the shop. I love it all—talking to the customers and
getting 7 they want. Some customers come in two or three times a day. They often tell me their 8
and I offer advice if I can.
It was the shop’s 50th anniversary (周年) on May 13 this year. I wanted to do something 9 , so I held
a party with my customers. I also wrote a book about my memories in the shop.
This shop has been my life. I never 10 I’d still be here after 50 years, but I love it and the people
here. It’s what keeps me going.
．A．idea B．choice C．time D．decision
2．A．good B．new C．experienced D．disappointed
3．A．customers B．market C．users D．sellers
4．A．appearing B．coming C．producing D．missing
5．A．as a result B．because of C．in favor of D．instead of
6．A．always B．never C．seldom D．often
7．A．what B．how C．that D．which
8．A．suggestions B．questions C．problems D．stories
9．A．traditional B．historical C．changeable D．special
10．A．hoped B．worked C．imagined D．invented
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B
In a big country, a man was living along with his family. The man had a large amount of wealth. One day he
took his son on a trip to the country. The dad’s only 1 was to show his son how poor people live, so the son
could 2 his good fortune (命运).
During their journey, they reached a small village. There, they spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of
what would be 3 a very poor family.
On their 4 from their trip, Dad asked his son, “How was the trip, my son?”
The son replied with excitement, “It was a 5 trip, Dad.”
The rich dad asked, “Did you see how the poor people live? The purpose of the journey was to make you
6 how lucky you are having born in such a wealthy family.”
“Oh yeah,” said the son and smiled towards his father.
The father asked, “So, my dear son, tell me, what did you learn from the trip?”
The wise son answered, “Dad, I 7 a lot of things on poor people living. I saw that we have one dog and
they had three. We have a swimming pool that reaches to the middle of our garden and they have a river that has no
8 . We have imported designer lanterns in our garden and they have the stars at night. Our patio (露台) reaches to
the front yard and they have the whole horizon (地平线).”
The father got a bit confused (困惑) with his son’s answers.
The son 9 , “We have a small piece of land to live on and they have fields which go 10 our sight.
We have servants who serve us, but they serve others.”
The wise son’s learning did not end yet. The son went on 11 his trip experiences, “We buy our food, but
they grow theirs. We have 12 around our house to protect us, but they have friends to protect them. We spend
our free time with televisions and mobiles, but they spend their free time with family and relatives.”
The son summed up (总结) his experience on the trip to the village, “Thank Dad for showing me how 13
we are…!”
The wise son’s words left the rich dad 14 .
Money can buy clothes, or cars, or big houses or many other things which make your life 15 . But there
are a few things that money cannot buy. What makes your life rich is love, kindness, compassion, friendships...
1．A．project B．programme C．purpose D．product
2．A．develop B．treasure C．create D．display
3．A．considered B．included C．expected D．learned
4．A．direction B．interview C．distance D．return
5．A．great B．challenging C．strange D．boring
6．A．remember B．imagine C．understand D．decide
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7．A．buy B．notice C．make D．receive
8．A．end B．size C．shape D．height
9．A．wondered B．complained C．doubted D．continued
10．A．against B．through C．beyond D．beside
11．A．explaining B．expressing C．organizing D．ordering
12．A．dogs B．trees C．lanterns D．walls
13．A．happy B．rich C．poor D．great
14．A．hopeless B．speechless C．sleepless D．homeless
15．A．comfortable B．simple C．busy D．special
二、阅读理解
A
At school, students learn different subjects like English, math, art and so on. They learn these subjects in the
classroom. These days, a new subject becomes popular in many schools! That is school gardening. Students learn it
outside the classroom. It is not only an interesting subject, but also a great way to keep healthy.
In the gardening class, students can go outside and get fresh air. More importantly, they can learn a lot. When
some young students have food, they always ask, “Where does the rice come from?” In this class, they can get the
answer. And they can learn to do things with their own hands. They can also learn some teamwork-skills and care
about nature, others and themselves.
Keeping a school garden is difficult, but teachers are trying to make it work. Some schools can have gardens
inside, but other schools are small. So teachers turn to gardens and parks near the school.
The school garden doesn’t have to be very big. Students can have a lot of fun in it. At first, teachers decide what
vegetables to grow. Then they grow them with students. Carrots and tomatoes are their favorites because it is nice for
them to get a carrot or a tomato, wash it and eat it right in the garden. Some vegetables are easy to grow, but others
need a long time. This can teach students hard work pays off.
Gardening is as important as any other subject. Students should learn it at school.
1. According to the passage the gardening class is a(n) ________ subject.
A．interesting B．difficult C．sleepy D．tiring
2. Which of the following sentence is NOT TRUE according to Paragraph 2?
A．Students can go outside in the gardening class
B．Students can get fresh air in the gardening class.
C．Students never get the answer in the gardening class.
D．Students can learn some teamwork skills in the gardening class.
3. Teachers and students like to grow carrots and tomatoes because ________.
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A．they are really easy to grow B．they can eat them right in the garden
C．they can have fun when eating them D．they don’t need a long time like others
4. What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A．Most students don’t like gardening very much B．The garden in the school must be big enough.
C．Schools are supposed to have gardening as a subject. D．There will be more outdoor subjects for students.
B
My name is Emily Chiang. I work as a forensic linguist for the Birmingham Police Department. My teammates
and I often describe our work as improving the delivery of justice (正义) through language. In other words, we help
to catch bad guys by studying their language.
Research on authorship is a key part of our work. We try to work out who might have written a certain piece of
text. We look for different “markers”, such as strange spellings and repeatedly used phrases. For example, I might
greet others by saying “hi”. But you might prefer to use “hello”. We once helped to catch a fraudster (诈骗犯)
because he regularly used the unusual greeting “hiyas”.
In the US, the first case solved by forensic linguists happened in 1927．A girl was kidnapped in New York.
Her family, the McClure family, received a ransom note (勒索信) addressed to the girl’s uncle, Duncan McLure, the
only member of the family to spell his name McLure. Police thought it strange that the kidnapper would know that
the uncle spelled his name differently from the rest of the family. They thought he was in on the kidnapping. Sure
enough, the uncle finally confessed.
Of course, I think criminals (罪犯) will catch-up. Gloves can be worn to hide fingerprints. On the Internet,
criminals can hide their faces, locations and voices. Similar efforts will be made online to cover up
language“markers”. But over time, these efforts themselves will be based on certain systems. Discovering and
studying such language systems is also part of our job.
1. Emily and her teammates helped catch the fraudster by ______.
A．studying his strange spellings
B．discovering his unusual greeting
C．studying something he wrote regularly
2. What does the underlined word “confessed” in Paragraph 3 probably mean in Chinese?
A．供认 B．悔改 C．逃脱
3. Why does Emily mention the Internet?
A．It helps catch more criminals.
B．It shows new ways to study criminals.
C．It brings new problems to forensic linguists.
4. Which can be a suitable title for the text?
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A．“Punishing” the Bad Guys
B．“Reading” the Language
C．“Improving” the Justice
C
Every time I look at the many recent orders on my online shopping account, or I receive a new package on my
doorstep, I get a feeling of happiness that is hard to give up. Although I know that my shopping habits are bad for the
planet, I just can’t stop.
But Ann-Christine Duhaime’s new book, Minding the Climate: How Neuroscience Can Help Solve Our
Environmental Crisis, has helped me understand that my desire (渴望) to keep buying things isn’t necessarily a
personal weakness—it’s the way our brains have developed.
According to Duhaime, we managed to stay alive even when things were hard because our brains learned to
repeat decisions like moving towards a tasty treat or backing away from danger. Today, we have some 86 billion
neurons (神经元) in the brain continuously working to strengthen rewarding behavior—a kind of action that results
in a positive outcome, which makes a person want to do it again. As the neurons work, they produce dopamine (多巴
胺), which makes our rewarding behavior feel even better than usual. We actively look for more dopamine, and at
the same time, learn to repeat the actions that lead to it.
However, Duhaime stresses that our brains are not programmed to keep buying more and more. All humans are
different, and our brains work differently depending on our genetics ( 遗传性) and our life experiences. The
challenge is that our brain systems are designed for short-term decision-making. When we buy something new, we
get rewarded immediately. But the long-term worsening of the planet is harder for the reward centers of our brains to
understand, even if we know about it.
And there may be some ways to break the cycle. The best is not to stop buying things completely; a better
solution may be to substitute the old rewards that we know aren’t good in the long run with new ones. For example,
you can have a glass of milk, which gives you fewer calories, instead of eating chocolate just before bed for comfort.
Once you start losing weight, the reward of being able to fit into your old clothes feels as good as what the chocolate
would do. We need that same substitution for shopping.
Buying used things could also help satisfy our desire to get more things without using more natural resources.
Additionally, creating social rewards, like encouragement and support from a community with similar goals, can
inspire positive changes. Humans naturally like to connect with others, and this social support can lead to more eco-
friendly choices.
1. What do you know about human brains from the passage?
A．The way brains work won’t be influenced by life experiences.
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B．Neurons play a role in people’s repeating rewarding behavior.
C．Less dopamine is produced when people get positive outcomes.
D．Brains don’t care about the short-term effects of people’s actions.
2. The word “substitute” in Paragraph 5 probably means “________”.
A．take the place of B．look forward to C．get ready for D．make up for
3. The writer probably agrees that ________.
A．over-shopping harms the development of the human brain
B．keeping buying gets in the way of people finding happiness
C．the planet is free from the influence of people’s buying behavior
D．creating social rewards can help people reduce the desire to over-shop
4. What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?
A．To explain why over-shopping is not a personal weakness.
B．To show how dopamine makes people crazy about shopping.
C．To guide people to make eco-friendly choices when shopping.
D．To encourage people to buy used things to protect the environment.
D
You may not realize it, but you do it all the time. That is, begin with the end in mind. You draw up a plan before
you build a house. You read instructions before you make a cake. You create an outline before you write a paper. It’s
part of life.
Let’s have a begin-with-the-end-in-mind experience by using your imagination. Find a place where you can be
alone. First, clear your mind. Don’t think about anything else. Then breathe deeply, and open your brain wide. Now,
let’s come to the key part of the experience. In your mind, picture someone walking toward you about half a block
away. At first you can’t see who it is. As this person gets closer and closer, you suddenly realize, believe it or not,
it’s you. But it’s not you today, it’s you as you’d like to be one year from now. Now think deeply. Ask yourself the
following questions:
What have you done with your life over the past year? How do you feel inside? What do you look like? Has
your personality grown? Remember, this is you as you would like to be one year from now.
You can go back to reality (现实) now. If you actually tried this, you probably got in touch with your deeper
self. You got a feel for what’s important to you and what goals (目标) you’d like to achieve next year.
________ First, you’re at important crossroads in life, and the paths you choose now can influence you forever.
Second, if you don’t decide your own future, someone else will do it for you.
As Li Ping, a middle school student in Shanghai, discovered beginning with the end in mind is a powerful way
to help turn your dreams into realities:
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When I feel stressed, I’ve found it really helps me. I go someplace where I can be alone, and try to see the
whole picture of my dream life—and then I begin to think about what I need to get there. This method started when I
was a ninth grader, and today I’m making some of those pictures in mind become a reality.
1. Why does the writer mention the examples in Paragraph 1?
A．To explain making preparations is important.
B．To show making preparations is a part of life.
C．To teach people how to make daily preparations.
D．To show how much one loves making preparations.
2. What’s the most important part of the begin-with-the-end-in-mind experience?
A．Finding a quiet place and clearing your mind.
B．Taking a deep breath and opening your mind.
C．Imagining a younger self walking towards you.
D．Picturing what you want to achieve in the future.
3. Which of the following is the most suitable for the ________ in Paragraph 5?
A．What can you do to realize your dream?
B．How can we start to have an end in mind?
C．Why is it important to have an end in mind?
D．Who is going to help you choose paths in life?
4. Which idea will Li Ping probably agree with?
A．Having an end in mind helps you achieve a goal.
B．Staying alone can help you deal with your stress.
C．Imagining a dream life is a way to relax your mind.
D．Creating a plan is the easiest way to realize your dream.
三、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后1—8小题的空格里填入最恰当的内容。注意：1—7题每个空格只
填1个单词；8题词数不限。
We’ve all heard people say, “Oh, that person is so creative!” about someone who is great at art. But art is just
one area where people can be creative.
Any time you try something different to deal with a problem, you’re being creative. In sports, that might mean
trying new moves to score a goal. In engineering, that might mean joining different materials together to make a
container that will protect an egg. At home, it could mean working out a shortcut to get to your friend’s house. You
are creative every day!
Are some people naturally more creative than others? Maybe, but anyone can get more creative with practice.
Here are some methods that work for experts who are creative in very different ways.
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Explore and imagine
Shigeru Miyamoto is the brains behind some of the world’s most popular video games, such as Super Mario
Bros. He exercised his creativity (创造力) like a muscle (肌肉) when he was growing up near Kyoto, Japan. He
spent hours exploring nature and going on adventures (历险) in his mind. As a game designer, he still finds joy in
making up new worlds and adventures.
Make wacky mash-ups (混搭)
Dr. Neri Oxman and her team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Media Lab combine things that
don’t usually go together. They mixed ideas from robots and insects when they invented small robots that spin fibers
(结网) the way silkworms (蚕) do. In the future, their work may lead to groups of robots that quickly build many
types of buildings.
If you come up with ideas you’re not sure about, don’t worry-you’re not alone. In the Netflix series Abstract,
Dr. Oxman said she often doubts her ideas. “My father said, ‘When you create, you must always feel a little bit
uncomfortable. And if you’re feeling uncomfortable and alone, you know you’re doing something right. ”
Find pictures in patterns
Have you ever looked for animal shapes in clouds? The artist Leonardo da Vinci looked everywhere for patterns
that would spark his imagination. He wrote that artists should look at stone walls and irregular stains (不规则的污
渍) to discover landscapes or strange faces and costumes, and an endless variety of objects. You could reduce these
to complete and well-drawn forms.
Being creative!
Introduction You can be creative almost 1 , in art, sports, engineering and even in your daily life.
●Explore and imagine
Shigeru Miyamoto developed his creativity in a way that was 3 to how he would build
muscles through exercise in his childhood. He stays creative by dreaming up new adventures
in his 4 while exploring in nature.
●Make wacky mash-ups
Dr. Neri Oxman and her team created ideas for robots that will help build buildings in the
2 to be creative
future. Being creative may make you feel alone and uncomfortable. Anyway, you are going in
the right 5 .
●Find pictures in patterns
Leonardo da Vinci believed that artists should observe everything around them to look for
patterns and shapes in different things to encourage him to think 6 and come up with new
ideas.
●Although some people are naturally more creative, being more creative takes a lot of 7
Conclusion ●My ideas of being more creative: (Use 2 examples to share your ideas of being more creative)
8
四、短文填空
A
Are leaders born or 1 (make)? Some believe that leaders are born. They say you can find leadership traits
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(特质) at a young age by watching 2 (they) getting along with other children. These children 3 (be) often
very popular or have lots of friends. Although this is true, I believe leadership can be made later. I believe
this 4 I don’t think anyone is perfect. Some people are smart 5 school and they can get good grades, while
others seem to be 6 (clever) outside of school and they like taking part in creative 7 (active).
We all have the ability to change who we are. Of course, it’s not about 8 (change) the whole of you. It is
more about being able to know your flaws (缺陷) in order to start 9 (work) on becoming a better person.
Take 10 good look at yourself but most importantly be honest. Please see and correct your
flaws 11 (care). Only then can you get success and become a leader in your own special way at last.
B
Do you ever find yourself doing something without thinking about it? We do lots of things out of habit rather
than for any good reason. Learning to c 1 healthy new habits can help you to reach your goals.
What is a habit?
A habit is something you do often, almost without thinking. Scientists say that habits are formed in the brain
and i 2 a cause, action and a reward. If you have a habit of watching TV when you get home from school, the
cause would be coming home from school; the a 3 is turning on the TV; and the reward might be the happy,
relaxed feeling from watching your favorite program.
This good feeling makes you want to do the same thing after school the next day too, and over time it can
become a h 4 .
How are habits good for you?
Turning something into a habit means you don’t have to think about it, which is good news when it’s healthy.
Good habits can help g 5 against bad ones too, such as worrying. Sadie who is 11, finds her habit of playing with
fidget toys (指尖玩具) r 6 stress. “They help me relax, “she says. Scientists believe that nearly half of
everything we do every day is out of habit, s 7 forming helpful habits is also a great way to help you to reach
your goals.
How can you start to build healthy new habits?
Dr Radha Modgil notes that it’s important to think about why you want to change. “What exactly do you want
to a 8 and how are you going to do it?” she asks. When it’s time to begin, “Try the 1% i 9 where every day
you improve or change something by 1%. That way you start to see p 10 and you’re not put off by failure.”
Remember that forming new habits isn’t always easy but it will be worth it in the end. “Changing habits can change
your life,” says Modgil.
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五、书面表达
A
我们都向往积极健康、乐观向上的生活，通过自我学习和自我提升，我们都能遇见更好的自己。下周
是学校英语周，广播站以“How to Become a Better Self”为主题，面向全校学生征稿。请你根据下图提示，
完成一份完整的英文稿件。
作文要求：
1. 不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和考生的真实姓名。
2. 语句连贯，词数70词左右。信的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
How to Become a Better Self
My favorite saying is “Do your best, and be a little better than you are!”
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B
为倡导理性消费，增强学生理财意识，学校Life Skill Club 开展“零用钱管理能手”评选活动。请结合
以下图表，写一篇英语短文参与评选，谈谈你每月零用钱的使用情况及理由。
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注意：
(1)文中不得出现真实姓名、学校等信息；
(2)词数：100词左右；首句已给出，不计入总词数。
I’d like to share how I manage my pocket money every month.
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11
