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2021 届人大附中高中英语新高考语法一轮复习讲义
（11）than，as 和 but 作关系代词用法知识点总结整理
than, as, but 作准关系代词的用法
关系代词通常是用来引导定语从句的，than, as 和 but 除了做基
本连词外还可以作准关系代词，但是与 which，who,that 等关系代
词不同，than, as 和 but 引导的定语从句与典型的定语从句不太相
像，因此称它们为准关系代词。
Than,as,but 作准关系代词条件是：前面必须有先行词（名词）
例：
I have more money than you do (我比你有钱)
He has as much money as I do （他和我的钱一样多）
There is nothing but he knows（没有什么他不知道的）
我们分别进行详细说明：1. Than 作准关系代词的用法
Than 之前若有名词，则 than = than + the + 前面的名词
+ 关系代词（who, whom, which）,因此可以将 than 视为关系代
词。Than 作准关系代词通常出现在 more …than,less…than,
fewer…than 等结构中，且在从句中可以充当主语，宾语和 be 动词
后得表语。
例 1. I have more money than is needed.（than 作从句的
主语）
= I have more money than the money which is
needed
（我现有的钱比所需要的多）例 2. I have more money than he needs（than 作从句的
宾语）
I have more money than the money which he needs
（我现有的钱比他所需要的多）
例 3. heis a better student than you（ are ）.(than 作从
句的表语)
2. As 作准关系代词的用法
as 之前若有名词，则 as = as + the + 前面的名词 + 关系代
词（who, whom, which）,因此可以将 as 可视为关系代词，并在
所引导的从句中作主语，宾语和 be 动词之后的表语。但只用于下列
短语中：
as 作为准关系代词只能用于下列短语:
1. Such+n. + as...例: I don't like such a man as tells lies(as 作从句的主语)
我不喜欢说谎的人
2. The same+ n. + as...
例: I have the same book as you bought yesterday(as
作从句的宾语)
我有一-本书和你昨天买的-样
3. As+ adj. +n. + as...
例 1: he is as diligent a man as ever lived(as 作从句的主
语)
他是有史以来最勤奋的人
例 2: he is as good a man as John (as 作从句的表语)
他是个和约翰一样好的人
注意：① such + n. 之后不可用 like（像）加以修饰。
Such a man like him is bad. (错)
Such a man as him is bad.（对）
② as 可替代主句。单独使用 as 时，as 也可以作关系代词，等
于 which，用来代替整个主句。
He is nice, which is known to us
= he is nice , as is known to us(他人很好，我们都知道)
③ as 引导的从句可置于主句的前后，而 which 引导的从句只能
置于主句之后。
例. He is nice, as we all know= as we all know, he is
nice
④只能与单数可数名词使用的结构。
只能与单数可数名词使用的结构:1.So .. that 如...以至于......
例:he is so good a boy that I like him
2.As ... ...as 和.....样地.....
例: he is as handsome a man as Peter (is)
3.Too .. to ...太 ......而不....
例:heistoooldamantodoit
4.how...多么地
例: how great a man he is
3. But 作为准关系代词的用法。
But 作为准关系代词时，只用于“no + n.”之后，此时 but
等于 who(whom, which )…not.
即 there is no + 名词 + who(whom, which, that)…not
= there is no + 名词 + but……注意：
定语从句中有 be 动词保留 be 动词
例：there is no one who is not interested in it.
= there is no one but is interested in it(没有人不对他感
兴趣)
定语从句中有助动词（can,will,may,should…）保留该助动词。
There is nothing that he can not do
=There is nothing but he can do（没有什么事是他做不来
的）
定语从句中有 do,does 和 did 等助动词时，先去掉助动词，再
依时态人称将之后的动词还原。
There is no book which he doesn’t like to read= There is no book but he likes to read.
