文档内容
专题验收评价
专题 07 细节理解题
内容概览
A·常考题不丢分
【命题点01 直接信息题】
【命题点02 间接信息题】
【微专题 如何通过还原法定位细节理解题的正确答案】
B·拓展培优拿高分
C·挑战真题争满分
【命题点 01 直接信息题】
1.（2023·江苏·统考模拟预测片段）A vast majority of people usually argue that cycling can make a
significant contribution to our world. In reality, there is a gap between desired and actual numbers. In Germany, for
instance, only 20% of the everyday short-distance trips are covered by bicycle. When enquiring about the causes,
researchers found one point repeatedly tops the list: the perceived or potential risk on the bike routes used.
Increasing the share of cycling trips thus depends crucially on well-developed bike paths.
However, designing efficient bike path networks is a complex task that involves balancing a variety of
limitations while meeting overall demand. In addition, many districts are confronted with a shortage of funds
available for improving the infrastructure. Researchers propose a new approach to generating efficient bike path
networks. This considers demand distribution and the route option of cyclists based on preferences for secure
outings. Typically, minimizing the travel distance is far from the solely goal. Aspects such as attractiveness of a
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】route are also taken into account.
14．What is a challenge for good bike path networks?
A．Tight budgets. B．Complex routes.
C．Maximized travel distance. D．Decreasing cycling demand.
【答案】 14．A
14．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, designing efficient bike path networks is a complex task that
involves balancing a variety of limitations while meeting overall demand. In addition, many districts are confronted
with a shortage of funds available for improving the infrastructure.(然而，设计高效的自行车路线网络是一个复
杂的任务，它包括平衡一系列限制的同时，还要满足全面的需求。而且，很多地区面临着提升设施的可用
资金的短缺问题。)”可知，建立好的自行车道路网所遇到的挑战是资金短缺，预算紧张的问题，故选A。
2.（2023·四川攀枝花·统考一模）When I first heard about Summit Learning, I admitted I was not a bit happy and
excited at all. I thought it would require interactions with others. But later, I was astonished when I got to
experience it firsthand.
Recently, we did a poetry project, and one of the activities was a peer (同伴) review. I would never have taken
part if it was up to me, as I preferred to work independently. But when I got involved, I found in the experience, I
had done something that I thought was nearly impossible — it made my poetry better. My partner informed me of
my mistakes and told me where I could give more detail.
One of our final products of the project was to present our poetry to the class. I’ve always loved public
speaking but I thought with Summit Learning, I would have fewer chances to speak. I was wrong. The peer
activities we did with a partner gave me more belief in my ability and inspired me to do more to make my
presentation the best it could possibly be.
Interactions like these are what Summit Learning is all about. This style of learning brings a positive and hard-
working culture that allows us to push our boundaries and keep going It creates a sense of community since we are
all working towards a similar goal.
As an active boy, I have always been ahead and advanced, but in a normal classroom, there are restrictions on
what I can do. With Summit Learning, I can go beyond expectations in projects or move ahead in learning new
content when I’m ready. I have ownership of my work and pursue my goals.
Summit Learning has showed me how much people can grow and change. It has helped me see people and
myself differently. It has been one of the greatest experiences of my life, and I cannot see myself going back to a
normal classroom.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】17．What was the author’s initial response to Summit Learning?
A．He was astonished to hear about it. B．He was a bit excited about it.
C．He was unwilling to attend it. D．He was curious about how it worked.
18．How did the author benefit from the poetry project?
A．It reminded him to be independent. B．It improved his poem and confidence..
C．It raised him a sense of responsibility. D．It allowed him to deliver a public speech.
19．What can be inferred about Summit Learning?
A．It has restrictions on what one can do.
B．It shows boundaries of one’s abilities.
C．It teaches poetry in a normal classroom.
D．It transforms the traditional way of learning.
20．What does the author think of Summit Learning now?
A．Inspiring. B．Enjoyable. C．Challengıng. D．Conservative.
【答案】18．B
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The peer activities we did with a partner gave me more belief in my ability and
inspired me to do more to make my presentation the best it could possibly be.(我们和一个伙伴一起做的同伴活动
让我对自己的能力更有信心，并激励我做更多的事情，使我的演讲尽可能最好)”可知，诗歌活动提高了作
者的诗歌和信心。故选B。
3.（2023上·山东烟台·高三统考期中）KidsWorldFun Short Story Contest
Calling all young writers from around the world! It’s time to release your creativity and share your incredible
stories with us. KidsWorldFun presents the ultimate Short Story Contest, open to young people of all ages.
Two Modes of Entry
● Free Entry: get the chance to win a certificate and have your story published on our website.
● Entry Fee of $10: get the chance to receive a cash prize as well as a certificate and have your story
published. Payment links will be sent via email for these entries.
Amazing Prizes Await
First Prize: $100, certificate and publication;
Second Prize: $75, certificate and publication;
Third Prize: $50, certificate and publication.
Highly commented stories will also be published for the world to enjoy.
Contest Categories and Word Limits
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】To ensure fairness, we have set three categories for writers to choose from and minimum and maximum word
limits for each category.
Word Limits
Categories Ages
Minimum Maximum
Sub-junior 7-9 300 words 1000 words
Junior 10-12 500 words 1000 words
Senior 13-16 700 words 1000 words
Submission Guidelines● Include proof of age with your entry (scan or take a photo of your identity card).
Entries without proof of age will be disqualified.
● Your story must be original and unpublished.
● Type your story out.
Our judges will evaluate each story based on content, language and writing style. Their decision will be final.
For more information, please contact us at enquiry@kidsworldfun.com. We’re here to assist you every step of the
way.
Don’t miss this incredible opportunity to showcase your talent and win amazing prizes! Enter the
KidsWorldFun Short Story Contest today!
21．What may a free entry second prize winner get?
A．A reward of $10. B．A certificate and publication.
C．Prize money and honors. D．$75, certificate and publication.
22．Which of the following meets the entry requirements?
A．A handwritten draft. B．A science fiction of 1500 words.
C．An award-winning essay. D．A printout of a 900-word original story.
【答案】21．D 22．D
21．细节理解题。由文章第二个黑标题Amazing Prizes Await下第二行“Second Prize: $75, certificate and
publication (二等奖：75美元，证书及出版)”可知，二等奖得主可以得到75美元，证书及出版。故选D。
22．细节理解题。由文章四个黑标题Submission Guidelines下第三行“Your story must be original and
unpublished. (你的故事必须是原创的和未发表的。)”可知，参赛作品不能是一篇获奖文章。由文章四个黑
标题Submission Guidelines下第四行“Type your story out. (把你的故事打出来。)”可知，参赛作品不能是
手稿。由文章表格的最后一栏“Maximum”和“1000 words (1000字)”可知，文章字数不超过1000。故选
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】D。
4.（2023·河北沧州·沧州市第二中学校联考三模）Kristin Harila barely missed her chance to set a new
record this year, but at least she’s getting a consolation (安慰) prize.
Harila was named European Adventurer of the Year on November 30, 2022 during ISPO, the world’s largest
sports fair in Munich, Germany. The organization behind the award spoke highly of Harila’s achievements in the
Greater Ranges.
“She is 36 years old and the first from Norway to win the award,” the group said in a news release. “During
2022, she has reached 12 of the world’s 14 highest peaks over 8, 000 metres. With her strong spirit, speed, and
spirit of adventure, Kristin Harila has shown the world that women can play in the same level as men.”
This year, Harila tried to break the record of Nirmal Purja of Nepal. In 2019, he summited (登上顶峰) all 14
of the 8, 000 m peaks in 189 days. It later turned out that Purjahad settled for sub-summits on two of the peaks. He
returned in subsequent seasons and summited Dhaulagiri and Manaslu properly, making his actual record more like
two years. But Harila almost certainly would have defeated Purja’s original six-month time had she received a
permit from China to climb Cho Oyu and Shishapangma. China has been closed to foreign mountaineers for some
reason. She attempted Cho Oyu from Nepal in the fall, but heavy snow from an endless monsoon (季风) ended that
attempt.
Yet Harila still managed to set several other records during the attempt. Harila is the fastest person to summit
six 8, 000 m mountains in spring in Nepal (25 days) and the fastest woman from peak to peak between Everest and
Lhotse (8. 5 hours) .
“It is a great honour to win the award as European Adventurer of the Year,” Harila said this week. “My goal
was to draw attention to women who engage in mountain climbing and other expedition (探险) sports.”
Despite the disappointment, Harila shows no signs of slowing down. She heads back to Nepal on Thursday to
have another go at Cho Oyu, this time in winter. She also plans to redo her 14 peaks project in 2023.
28．What can we know about Harila?
A．She is the fastest person from peak to peak.
B．She summited all 14 of the 8, 000 m peaks in 189 days.
C．She was named European Adventurer of the Year in 2022.
D．She is the fastest person to Cho Oyu from Nepal in the fall.
29．What was Harila’s target?
A．To set new world records.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B．To defeat Nirmal Purja of Nepal.
C．To raise awareness for women involved in expedition sports.
D．To encourage more women to take part in expedition activities.
【答案】28．C 29．C
28．细节理解题。根据第二段 “Harila was named European Adventurer of the Year on November 30, 2022
during ISPO(Harila于2022年11月30日在ISPO期间被评为欧洲年度冒险者)” 可知，Harila于2022年被评
为欧洲年度冒险者，故选C项。
29．细节理解题。根据第七段“My goal was to draw attention to women who engage in mountain climbing and
other expedition sports.(我的目标是引起人们对从事登山和其他探险运动的女性的关注)” 可知Harila的目标
是引起人们对从事登山和其他探险运动的女性的关注，故选C项。
5.（2023年湖北省华北师大附中二模）
Nichola Clark, an ocean expert at the Pew Charitable Trusts called the long-awaited treaty text “a once-in-a-
generation opportunity to protect the oceans-a major win for biodiversity”. The treaty will create a new body to
manage the conservation of ocean life and establish marine-protected are-as on the high seas. Clark said that’s
critical to achieving the UN Biodiversity Conference’s recent promise to protect 30 percent of the planet’s waters,
for conservation. The treaty also establishes ground rules for conducting environmental impact assessments for
commercial activities in the oceans.
What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
A．Commercial ocean activities will be monitored.
B．Preservation of 30% of the planet will be ensured.
C．Protected areas on the high seas will be expanded.
D．An existing department will manage the conservation.
【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。根据段中的“The treaty also establishes ground rules for conducting environmental
impact assessments for commercial activities in the oceans.(该条约还确立了对海洋商业活动进行环境影响评估
的基本规则。)”可知，该条约还制定了商业海洋活动对海洋造成影响的评估规则，由此可以推断，该条约
也会对商业海洋活动进行监管。故选A项。
【命题点 02 间接信息题】
1.【2023·四川攀枝花·统考一模】When I first heard about Summit Learning, I admitted I was not a bit happy and
excited at all. I thought it would require interactions with others. But later, I was astonished when I got to
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】experience it firsthand.
Recently, we did a poetry project, and one of the activities was a peer (同伴) review. I would never have taken
part if it was up to me, as I preferred to work independently. But when I got involved, I found in the experience, I
had done something that I thought was nearly impossible — it made my poetry better. My partner informed me of
my mistakes and told me where I could give more detail.
17．What was the author’s initial response to Summit Learning?
A．He was astonished to hear about it. B．He was a bit excited about it.
C．He was unwilling to attend it. D．He was curious about how it worked.
【答案】17．C
17．细节理解题。根据第一段的“When I first heard about Summit Learning, I admitted I was not a bit happy
and excited at all.(当我第一次听说Summit Learning的时候，我承认我一点也不高兴和兴奋)”和第二段的“I
would never have taken part if it was up to me, as I preferred to work independently.(如果由我来决定，我绝不会
参加，因为我更喜欢独立工作)”可知，作者对Summit Learning的第一反应是不想参加。故选C。
2. 【2023届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期三模】
Four Music Festivals in 2023
Splash House—June—Palm Springs, California
When; June 9-11, August 11-13, and August 18-20
For the last 10 years, Splash House has been redefining the summer festival scene, offering a boutique (精品)
festival experience in the heart of Palm Springs, complete with pool parties. To celebrate the 10-year milestone,
Splash House 2023 is returning this and summer for its second triple-weekender (三周的周末游客) season on June
9—11, August 11-13, August 18-20.
Elements Music and Arts Festival—Long Pond, Pennsylvania
When: August 10-14
Elements Music and Arts Festival is the Northeast’s premier boutique festival experience, featuring artists like
Chris Lake, John Summit, Skrillex, Elder brook, and LSD ream. It’s the ultimate carefree weekend event where
music, community, art, camping, and adventure converge (集中) in to take over the small community of Long
Pond, Pennsylvania.
Lightning in a Bottle—Buena Vista Lake, California
When: May 24-29
Taking place Memorial Day Weekend at Buena Vista Lake in Southern California, Lightning in a Bottle hosts
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】a series of top music, creative art and immersive(沉浸式的) environments, and educational classes and workshops.
The lineup this year includes ZHU, Tale of Us, Diplo, REZZ, The Glitch Mob, and more.
Heatwave Music Festival—Chicago, Illinois
When: June 10-11
Produced by Auris Presents, Chicago’s leading force in live music events, the Heatwave Music Festival takes
over the entire city with a fully immersive, pop-art inspired event. The festival features headlining dance music acts
like Tiesto, Slander, and more.
1．What can we know about the festival Splash House?
A．Its attendees can’t enjoy pool parties.
B．It has been held continuously for 10 years.
C．It’s held for its first triple-weekender season.
D．Its workshops are popular with music lovers.
2．Who will you probably see at Elements Music and Arts Festival?
A．REZZ. B．The Glitch Mob. C．Tiesto. D．Skrillex.
3．Which music festival lasts the shortest?
A．Lightning in a Bottle. B．Heatwave Music Festival.
C．Splash House. D．Elements Music and Arts Festival.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B
【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章向我们介绍了2023年将会举办的音乐节。
1．细节理解题。根据Splash House—June—Palm Springs, California部分的内容“For the last 10 years(在
过去的十年里)”和“To celebrate the 10-year milestone(为了庆祝10年的里程碑)”可知，Splash House已经连
续举办了10年。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据Elements Music and Arts Festival—Long Pond, Pennsylvania部分的“Elements
Music and Arts Festival is the Northeast’s premier boutique festival experience, featuring artists like Chris Lake,
John Summit, Skrillex, Elder brook, and LSD ream.( Elements Music and Arts Festival是东北地区的顶级精品音
乐节体验，拥有像Chris Lake, John Summit, Skrillex, Elder brook和LSD ream这样的艺术家。)”可知，在
Elements Music and Arts Festival这个音乐节，你有可能会看见Skrillex。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据Splash House—June—Palm Springs, California部分的“When: June 9-11, August 11-
13, and August 18-20(时间：6月9日至11日，8月11日至13日，8月18日至20日)”、Elements Music and
Arts Festival—Long Pond, Pennsylvania 部分的“When: August 10-14(时间：8 月 10 日至 14 日)”、
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Lightning in a Bottle—Buena Vista Lake, California部分的“When: May 24-29(时间：5月24日至29日)”、
Heatwave Music Festival—Chicago, Illinois 部分的“When: June 10-11(时间：6 月 10 日至 11 日)可知，
Heatwave Music Festival持续的时间最短。故选B。
3. 【2023上·山东济宁·高三曲阜一中校考期中】September Classes
When: September 1, 15 & 28, 2024, from 10 am to 11:30 am
Application Deadline: August 28, 2024
Cost: $12 per participant
Location: Cook Museum of Natural Science, 133 Fourth Avenue, Decatur, Alabama
Registration:
Limited spots are available. Those who would like to participate in the class should register and pay the $12
fee in advance. Admission to the Exhibits is not included. There are two ways to register: go to the Guest Services
desk in the museum directly or contact the Group Sales department during regular weekday business hours at
groups@cookmuseum.org or (256) 898-6312.
September Class Topics:
All About Squid (鱿鱼)
Grade Levels: 5th-12th
Maximum: 15 participants
Investigate the amazing body structure of these creatures!Most people refer to squid as great food and the
golden fried rings are hard to resist, but for researchers, these creatures have been subjects of scientific study for
four decades. In this interactive class, participants will cut open a squid and study how their unique design allows
them to catch food and escape from enemies.
Weather WatchersGrade Levels: K-4th
Maximum: 10 participants
Weather events such as clouds, lightning and storms can be so astonishing that we sometimes forget that it
isn’t magic — it is SCIENCE!With Weather Watchers, participants step into the shoes of meteorologists (气象学
家) and learn the formation of local weather events. Interactive demonstrations allow the participants to watch the
development of clouds, lightning and storms in the classroom. Participants will also work together to create their
own weather station. Together, they will explore why these local weather events are so important to native animals
and plants.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】17．How can participants sign up for the classes?
A．Go to the Group Sales department. B．Visit the Guest Services desk in person.
C．Call (256) 898-6312 on weekends. D．Email Cook Museum’s website.
【答案】 B
17．细节理解题。根据Registration部分的“There are two ways to register: go to the Guest Services desk in
the museum directly or contact the Group Sales department during regular weekday business hours at
groups@cookmuseum.org or (256) 898-6312.(报名有两种方式:直接到博物馆的宾客服务台，或在工作日正常
营业时间内致电groups@cookmuseum.org或(256)898-6312与集团销售部联系。)”可知，学员可亲自到宾客
服务台报名参加课程。故选B。
4.（2023上·湖北襄阳·高三校联考期中）It was a carefree summer day when a father, Steven Poust, was out
boating on the St. John’s River with his 4-year-old daughter Abigail and 4-year-old son Chase. The children were
playfully swimming near their anchored boat while their father was fishing, smiling at his kids. Suddenly, Abigail
got caught in the powerful current, forcing her to release the handle on the boat. Chase let go of the boat to take
hold of his little sister, but he found himself caught in the current. When Steven jumped into the water to rescue his
struggling children, he was also pulled in.
As they all drifted farther from the boat, the desperate father pushed his son to a safer place and tried to stick
with his daughter as long as he could. However, he wore himself out later, and she drifted away from him. The
father had to follow his daughter. So the responsibility to save the family was now on young Chase’s shoulders.
Steven instructed his son to swim to the shore and find immediate help. Meanwhile, he would attempt to
retrieve his little girl, who was continuously being pulled farther from his reach.
Chase did as he was told. The young boy was swimming against the current, which made it more difficult to
swim toward the shore. However, the young boy continued to swim with one thought in mind: to save his family.
Chase swam as fast as he could to reach the riverbank. When he grew tired, Chase cleverly floated on his back; at
times, he paddled to conserve his energy. Once he reached the shore, he raced to the closest house he could find,
knocked on the door and screamed for help. The owners answered and immediately dialed 911.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】The Jacksonville Fire and Rescue Department responded quickly. They located the empty boat. In the water,
they found kids’ shoes, a cellphone and fishing poles floating near the boat. After a 90-minute search, the search
crew located the father and the daughter in the water, who had been swept a mile and a half from their abandoned
boat.
5．What can we know from paragraph 1?
A．They had nothing to do but play near the water.
B．They had a very pleasant time before the accident.
C．Steven was so absorbed in fishing that he didn’t look after his kids well.
D．Abigail released the handle on the boat to seek something new and exciting.
6．Why did Steven count on Chase to seek for help?
A．His mental strength ran out. B．His swimming skill was poorer.
C．He had to try to save his daughter. D．He wanted to get Chase trained.
7．Which one may NOT be the reason for their safe return?
A．Chase’s intelligence and flexibility towards different situations.
B．The rapid response and efficient work of relevant department.
C．Abigail and Steven’s optimism and never giving up the hope of living.
D．The kindness and warm heart of the room owners.
【答案】5．B 6．C 7．C
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中“It was a carefree summer day when a father, Steven Poust, was out boating on
the St. John’s River with his 4-year-old daughter Abigail and 4-year-old son Chase. The children were playfully
swimming near their anchored boat while their father was fishing, smiling at his kids.”可知，孩子们在穿附近嬉
戏，父亲在钓鱼，并微笑着看着他的孩子们。由此可知，事故前，父亲和他的孩子度过了一段非常愉快的
时光。故选 B项。
6．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The father had to follow his daughter. So the responsibility to save the family
was now on young Chase’s shoulders. (父亲不得不跟着女儿。因此，拯救这个家的责任现在落在了小蔡斯的
肩上)”可知，父亲不得不跟着女儿，所以拯救这个家的责任落到了Chase的肩上，结合第三段“Steven
instructed his son to swim to the shore and find immediate help. Meanwhile, he would attempt to retrieve his little
girl, who was continuously being pulled farther from his reach.( Steven指示他的儿子游到岸边并立即寻求帮助。
与此同时，他会试图找回他的小女孩，她一直被冲得离他越来越远)”可知，在让儿子去岸边寻求帮助的同
时，Steven在试图找回他的女儿。由此可知，之所以指望着Chase寻求帮助是因为他必须设法救他的女儿。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】故选C项。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“When he grew tired, Chase cleverly floated on his back; at times, he
paddled to conserve his energy. Once he reached the shore, he raced to the closest house he could find, knocked on
the door and screamed for help.(当他累了的时候，Chase聪明地在水上漂浮着；有时，他踩水以节省体力。
一到岸边，他就跑到最近的一所房子前，敲了敲门，大声呼救)”可知，Chase在游回岸边寻求帮助时能在不
同的情况下做出聪明和灵活的行动，这是他们能安全返回的原因；根据尾段中的“The Jacksonville Fire and
Rescue Department responded quickly.(杰克逊维尔消防和救援部门迅速作出反应)”可知，消防部门迅速做出
反应也是他们安全返回的原因之一；根据倒数第二段中的“Once he reached the shore, he raced to the closest
house he could find, knocked on the door and screamed for help. The owners answered and immediately dialed
911.(一到岸边，他就跑到最近的一所房子前，敲了敲门，大声呼救。房主做出回应，立即拨打了911)”可
知，Chase到岸上后敲响最近的一所房子的门，并大声呼救，房主马上拨打了911，所以，房主的善良与热
心也可以是他们得以安全返回的原因之一，文章中未提到Abigail与Steven的乐观和永不放弃活着的希望。
故选C项。
【微专题 如何通过还原法定位细节理解题的正确答案】
1.【2023 上·湖北襄阳·高三校联考期中】If you want to understand China but can’t afford an expensive
international flight, these four books can give you a complete overview of the country.
River Town
River Town: Two Years on the Yangtze by Peter Hessler — This book is a journal of the author’s two years
spent teaching English in a small town called Fuling, situated on the banks of the Yangtze River. Hessler writes
about his experiences living in a foreign culture and observing the lives of the town’s residents. The book was
published in 2001 and has won several awards, including the Kiriyama Prize.
Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China
It is a book that tells the story of China’s modernization. It was written by Ezra Vogel and published in 2011.
The author describes how Deng Xiaoping’s policies led to significant changes in China’s economy and society. The
book has received critical honors and won the Lionel Gelber Prize in 2012.
The Search for Modern China by Jonathan Spence
This book is a comprehensive history of China from the Ming dynasty to the present day. The author, a
prominent scholar of Chinese history, provides a detailed analysis of the social, cultural, and political changes that
have taken place in China over the past 500 years. The book was first put out in 1990 and has since been revised
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】and updated several times. This book was the top bestseller for years.
Factory Girls: From Village to City in a Changing China
Written by Leslie T. Chang, this book, published in 2008, is a reportage on the lives of young women who
leave their rural homes to work in factories in China’s cities. Chang, a former New York Times journalist,
interviewed hundreds of factory girls to provide insight into the social and economic changes in China.
9．What type of literature is River Town?
A．A travel guide of Fuling. B．A personal diary.
C．A science fiction. D．A reference book.
10．Which statement is right about The Search for Modern China by Jonathan Spence?
A．It received positive reviews.
B．It was published 500 years ago.
C．It was written by a history teacher.
D．It has remained the same since its first publication.
11．Which book is written by a reporter?
A．River Town
B．The Search for Modern China
C．Deng Xiaoping and the Transformation of China
D．Factory Girls: From Village to City in a Changing China
【答案】9．B 10．A 11．D
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“River Town: Two Years on the Yangtze by Peter Hessler — This book is a journal
of the author’s two years spent teaching English in a small town called Fuling, situated on the banks of the Yangtze
River. Hessler writes about his experiences living in a foreign culture and observing the lives of the town’s
residents.(《江城：长江上的两年》作者何伟(Peter hessler)——这本书是作者在长江岸边一个叫涪陵的小镇
上教英语两年的日记。何伟写了他在异国文化中的生活经历，以及他对小镇居民生活的观察)”可知，River
Town是何伟的私人日记。journal意为“旅行日记”。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段末句“This book was the top bestseller for years.(这本书多年来一直是最畅销
书)”可知，这本书深受读者好评。B.C.D.项都可排除。这本书不是500年前出版的；作者不是历史老师；
该书出版后历经多次修订和更新。故选A项。
11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Chang, a former New York Times journalist, interviewed hundreds of factory
girls to provide insight into the social and economic changes in China.( Chang是前纽约时报记者，她采访了数
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】百名女工，为我们提供了对中国社会和经济变化的见解)”可知，Factory Girls: From Village to City in a
Changing China的作者Leslie T. Chang是一名记者。故选D项。
2.【2023上·湖北襄阳·高三校联考期中】Sharing a bed with a pet at night is a common feature of nighttime
routines in the United States. According to a 2021—2022 survey, 43 percent of pet dogs in the United States and 49
percent of pet cats sleep on their owner’s bed. When it comes to the perks of sharing your bed with your favourite
furry friend, however, experts are divided.
First, it’s worth noting that the majority of research on the topic of co-sleeping with pets has focused on dogs
rather than cats. Mark Fierstein, an internal medicine specialist at NYUL angone Health in New York City, suggests
this is because cats may want to play or even purposely wake up their owner. Rabbits or hamsters are also out of the
question.
A benefit of sleeping with pets is that the practice may prevent loneliness, Fierstein says. “Often, people who
co-sleep with pets report an increased sense of security, companionship, and relaxation,” he notes. “For some
people, the dog’s warmth, steady heartbeat, and protective nature can make sleeping with them feel safe and cozy.”
This may be especially true of people who are managing trauma or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Leslie
Sinn, a psychologist, says according to a survey,60% of PTSD suffers feel calm down if they wake up to see the
presence of the dog.
Some research suggests co-sleeping with pets may increase mid-night awakenings for people. “If the owner is
a light sleeper, he or she may not do well with a dog or cat in the bedroom,” notes Fierstein. For example, he points
out that a dog who snores loudly is not an ideal sleeping mate.
Dogs may also show aggressive behaviour—such as biting. Allowing pets in the bedroom can also expose
owners to potential allergens, like pet hair, as well as viruses that cause disease.
1．Which word can replace the underlined word “perks” in the first paragraph?
A．disadvantages B．numbers C．possibility D．bonus
2．According to the text, who might be the most suitable one to sleep with a dog?
A．A newborn baby. B．A survivor of an earthquake.
C．An old man with a heart disease. D．A young man suffering from lack of sleep.
3．Which one is NOT the benefit to sleep with a pet?
A．To relieve post-traumatic stress disorder. B．To prevent loneliness.
C．To get a sense of security. D．To avoid potential allergens.
4．What is the author’s attitude towards sleeping with pets?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A．Objective B．Skeptical C．Ambiguous D．Approving
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是与自己的宠物在一张床上睡的好处以及由此带来的潜在的问题。
1．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“A benefit of sleeping with pets is that the practice may prevent loneliness,
Fierstein says.(菲尔斯坦说，和宠物一起睡觉的一个好处是，这种做法可以防止孤独感)”可知，菲尔斯坦说，
与宠物一起睡可以防止孤独感，结合下文中的“Leslie Sinn, a psychologist, says according to a survey,60% of
PTSD suffers feel calm down if they wake up to see the presence of the dog.(心理学家莱斯利·辛恩(Leslie Sinn)说，
根据一项调查，60%的PTSD患者醒来时看到狗的存在会感到平静)”可知，心理学家莱斯利·辛恩(Leslie
Sinn)说说，根据一项调查发现，很多PTSD患者醒来时能看到狗的存在会感到平静，结合划线单词后的
“experts are divided.”可知，专家们在谈论到与狗一起睡的“好处”时，专家们的看法不一，由此可知，划
线单词的意思与“好处”意思相近。故选D项。
2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This may be especially true of people who are managing trauma or post-
traumatic stress disorder(PTSD). Leslie Sinn, a psychologist, says according to a survey,60% of PTSD suffers feel
calm down if they wake up to see the presence of the dog.(对于那些正在处理创伤或创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的
人来说尤其如此。心理学家莱斯利·辛恩(Leslie Sinn)说，根据一项调查，60%的PTSD患者醒来时看到狗的
存在会感到平静)”可知，莱斯利·辛恩(Leslie Sinn)说，对于那些正处理创伤或创伤后应激障碍的人来说，醒
来后看到狗的存在会感到平静，由此可知，地震的幸存者应该是最适合与狗一起睡的人。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Allowing pets in the bedroom can also expose owners to potential allergens,
like pet hair, as well as viruses that cause disease.(让宠物进入卧室也会让主人接触到潜在的过敏原，比如宠物
毛发，以及导致疾病的病毒)”可知，与宠物一起睡可能让主人接触到潜在的过敏原，此处讲述的是与宠物
一起睡带来的问题，所以，避免潜在的过敏原不是与宠物一起睡的好处。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据首段中的“According to a 2021—2022 survey,43 percent of pet dogs in the United States
and 49 percent of pet cats sleep on their owner’s bed.(根据2021-2022年的一项调查，美国43%的宠物狗和49%
的宠物猫睡在主人的床上)”可知，作者通过具体的数据表明很美国很多人与宠物一起睡，根据第三段中的
“A benefit of sleeping with pets is that the practice may prevent loneliness, Fierstein says.(菲尔斯坦说，和宠物
一起睡觉的一个好处是，这种做法可以防止孤独感)”可知，菲尔斯坦说，与宠物一起睡可以防止孤独感，
并在下文中列举了很多与宠物一起睡的好处，结合倒数第二段中的“Some research suggests co-sleeping with
pets may increase mid-night awakenings for people.(一些研究表明，与宠物共睡可能会增加人们半夜醒来的次
数)”和尾段“Dogs may also show aggressive behaviour—such as biting. Allowing pets in the bedroom can also
expose owners to potential allergens, like pet hair, as well as viruses that cause disease.(狗也可能表现出攻击性行
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】为，比如咬人。让宠物进入卧室也会让主人接触到潜在的过敏原，比如宠物毛发，以及导致疾病的病毒)”
可知，作者在最后两段介绍了与宠物一起睡可能会带来的一些问题，综合以上信息可知，作者既介绍了与
宠物一起睡的好处，也介绍了与宠物一起睡可能会带来的问题，所以作者对与宠物一起睡的态度是客观的。
故选A项。
【2023上·吉林通化·高三梅河口市第五中学校考期中】Marcelo Toledo usually creates works of art out of
metal. Now the Argentine artist is working with a new material: waste masks from the COVID-19 pandemic (流行
病) to create an exhibition exploring the painful impact of the virus.
Toledo, who has made decorations for the musical “Evita” on Broadway, was among the first in Argentina to
be infected by COVID-19, which left him hospitalized for eight days. The experience led to a series of artworks,
including a 14-meter mask with the Argentine flag that he placed on the famous Obelisk in Buenos Aires to raise
awareness about organ donation during the pandemic.
For his new exhibition, the “Museum of the After,” Toledo is collecting recycled coronavirus waste sent by
hospitals, laboratories and random people, including old medical parts and newspapers about the pandemic.
“I am excited to be able to transform pain into beauty and this. exhibition is just recording everything that is
happening to us as a society,” Toledo said. The artworks, which will go on show from September in a public space
in downtown Buenos Aires, will all be made from waste materials or garbage that people send him. “It is the first
time that I have done an exhibition in which I do not have to buy any of the elements,” he said.
In the exhibition there will be a real ship that will symbolically cross a “storm” and recycling islands to raise
awareness about the importance of caring for the environment. “The exhibition will tell the story of this ship that
went on sailing after the storm, which is a great metaphor (隐喻) for what is happening to us. This pandemic is a
great global storm,” Toledo said.
As with the huge mask, which was replicated (复制) in countries such as the United States and Japan, the artist
dreams of replicating the new exhibition in other cities around the world.
18．What inspired Toledo to make the 14-meter mask?
A．His-hospital stay. B．His fear of COVID-19.
C．His Broadway experiences. D．His research on organ donation.
19．What is special about the artworks in the “Museum of the After”?
A．They were exhibited. in hospitals. B．They were produced in public places.
C．They were created by random people. D．They were made out of used things.
20．What does Toledo hope to do?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A．Make more huge masks.
B．Host exhibitions on different themes.
C．Reproduce his exhibition in other places.
D．Collect exhibition elements from around the world.
【答案】18．A 19．D 20．C
18．细节理解题。根据第二段的“Toledo…was among the first in Argentina to be infected by COVID-19,
which left him hospitalized for eight days. The experience led to a series of artworks, including a 14-meter mask
with the Argentine flag that he placed on the famous Obelisk in Buenos Aires to raise awareness about organ
donation during the pandemic. (Toledo是阿根廷首批感染新冠病毒的人之一，他在医院住了8天。这段经历
让他创作了一系列艺术品，包括一个14米高的阿根廷国旗面具。)”可知，正是Toledo的住院经历让他有了
艺术创作的灵感。故选A。
19．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The artworks…will all be made from waste materials or garbage that people
send him. (这些艺术品全部由人们寄给他的废料或垃圾制成。) ”可知，展览的艺术品的特殊之处在于它们
都是由废弃不用的物品做成的。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“the artist dreams of replicating the new exhibition in other cities around the
world (这位艺术家梦想着在世界各地的其他城市复制这个新展览。)”可知，Toleda希望看到他的展览在其
他城市得以复制。故选C。
（2023上·云南·高三校联考阶段练习）Sirine Jahangir has been singing, writing and playing instruments since
she was a little girl. She was badly injured in a traffic accident by the time she turned 5, so now the teen uses her
gift “as a way to — not escape, but to help me through”. Not only did her passion get her through some difficult
times, but when she was 14 it also brought her to the “Britain’s Got Talent” stage, where she impressed everyone
with her performance.
Sirine was totally paralyzed by the time she was 10 years old. While her parents and doctors have tried to find
treatments for her, there isn’t much they can do. So her parents focused on helping her adjust to her new life, which
was when her dad said she was first introduced to music. “I remember one day, we were driving in the car. This is
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】about when she was getting to the stage where she couldn’t look out the window anymore to see things, and I didn’t
know what to do. I just put the music on really loud. She started singing in the car, and she was so happy. And then
she just found happiness every time I put music on,” her father said.
It didn’t take long for them to realize Sirine had tremendous talent. When she appeared on “Britain’s Got
Talent”, she told everyone just how much her passion means to her. “I guess music heals me,” she said. “That’s just
what I live by, and music is my thing.” Then she headed over to the piano, where she played the piano and sang
beautifully enough to bring the audience to tears! Unsurprisingly to everyone but Sirine, all four judges voted her
into the next round of the competition!
Afterward, she said, “I can’t even say it’s a dream come true, because I didn’t even dream of it at any point... I
never thought that would be realistic in my life.”
1．What can be learned about Sirine Jahangir from Paragraph 1?
A．She was born with disabilities.
B．She experienced a traffic accident when she was fourteen.
C．Her performance on the stage turned out to be a success.
D．She performed on the stage at the age of ten.
2．How did Sirine’s musical talent be discovered by her parents?
A．By putting the music on while driving.
B．By teaching her to write songs.
C．By singing songs together with her.
D．By taking her to the “Britain’s Got Talent” stage.
3．What role does music play in Sirine’s life?
A．Making her dream come true. B．Bring her happiness and passion.
C．Earning her both fame and fortune. D．Helping her escape away from reality.
4．Which of the following can best describe Sirine?
A．Optimistic and honest. B．Creative and gifted.
C．Courageous and responsible. D．Talented and passionate.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Sirine Jahangir用音乐帮自己度过困难时期，她的个人经历以及在
“英国达人”中出色表现。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Not only did her passion get her through some difficult times, but when she
was 14 it also brought her to the “Britain’s Got Talent” stage, where she impressed everyone with her
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】performance.”（她的热情不仅帮助她度过了一些困难时期，而且在她14岁的时候，还把她带到了“英国达
人”的舞台上，在那里她的表演给所有人留下了深刻的印象。）可知，从第一段中我们可以了解到Sirine
Jahangir在舞台上的表演很成功。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I just put the music on really loud. She started singing in the car, and she was
so happy. And then she just found happiness every time I put music on,” her father said.”（我只是把音乐开得很
大声。她在车里开始唱歌，她很高兴。然后每次我放音乐的时候，她都能找到快乐，”她父亲说。）以及
第三段中“It didn’t take long for them to realize Sirine had tremendous talent.”（没过多久，他们就意识到
Sirine有巨大的天赋。）可知，Sirine的音乐天赋是开车的时候放音乐被她的父母发现的。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“She started singing in the car, and she was so happy. And then she just found
happiness every time I put music on,” her father said.”（她在车里开始唱歌，她很高兴。然后每次我放音乐的
时候，她都能找到快乐，”她父亲说。）以及第三段中“When she appeared on “Britain’s Got Talent”, she
told everyone just how much her passion means to her.”（当她出现在“英国达人”上时，她告诉大家她的激情
对她来说有多重要。）可推知，音乐在Sirine的生活中给她带来快乐和激情。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Not only did her passion get her through some difficult times, but when she
was 14 it also brought her to the “Britain’s Got Talent” stage, where she impressed everyone with her
performance.”（她的热情不仅帮助她度过了一些困难时期，而且在她14岁的时候，还把她带到了“英国达
人”的舞台上，在那里她的表演给所有人留下了深刻的印象。）以及倒数第二段中“It didn’t take long for
them to realize Sirine had tremendous talent. When she appeared on “Britain’s Got Talent”, she told everyone just
how much her passion means to her.”（没过多久，他们就意识到Sirine有巨大的天赋。当她出现在“英国达
人”上时，她告诉大家她的激情对她来说有多重要。）可推知，Sirine是才华横溢，充满激情的。故选D
项。
（2023上·四川成都·高三校考期中）Deep lakes hold a special place in the human imagination. The idea of
a bottomless lake is widespread in world mythology; in such bodies of water, one generally imagines finding
monsters, lost cities, treasures, mermaids, and so on. Although today we can study bodies of water with a variety of
high-tech tools, the ancient fascination and sense of mystery remain. This list counts down the three deepest lakes
on Earth.
Lake Nyasa (2,316 feet [706 meters])
Lake Nyasa is a long, thin lake, stretching more than 350 miles (560 km) along the borders between
Mozambique, Tanzania, and Malawi. Because its length, depth, and temperature stratification (分层) create a
number of different environments, Lake Nyasa has an extraordinarily high level of biodiversity. As many as 1,000
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】species of fish have been recorded in the lake, which means that it is home to about 15% of all freshwater fish
species on Earth.
Lake Tanganyika (4,710 feet [1,436 meters])
Lake Tanganyika is situated within the Albertine Rift, the western branch of the East African Rift. Lake
Tanganyika is the second largest freshwater lake in the world and the second deepest lake of any kind. Like Lake
Nyasa, it is a relatively long and narrow lake with extraordinary biodiversity. Since the Stone Age, human
communities on the shores of the lake have fed themselves by fishing there. But modern commercial fishing
practices, introduced in the 1950s, have contributed to the problem of overfishing in recent decades.
Lake Baikal (5,315 feet [1,620 meters])
Lake Baikal, in Siberia, holds the distinction of being both the deepest lake in the world and the largest
freshwater lake, holding more than 20% of the unfrozen fresh water on the surface of Earth. It is also the oldest
freshwater lake in the world, with an estimated age of 20 million to 25 million years. Like other lakes on this list,
Baikal is home to a large number of animal and plant species that cannot be found anywhere else.
5．What do we know about the lakes?
A．Lake Nyasa is longer and narrower than Lake Tanganyika.
B．Lake Tanganyika is the second largest and deepest lake.
C．Lake Tanganyika has a problem of overfishing for decades.
D．Lake Baikal holds more than 20% water on the surface of Earth.
6．What do the three lakes have in common?
A．They are imaginations in world mythology.
B．They are more than 1000 meters deep.
C．They have a very high level of biodiversity.
D．They are located in the continent of Africa.
7．Where is the passage most probably taken from?
A．A biology textbook. B．A geography magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．A research paper
【答案】5．C 6．C 7．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了地球上最深的三个湖泊。
5．细节理解题。根据Lake Tanganyika (4,710 feet [1,436 meters])部分中“But modern commercial fishing
practices, introduced in the 1950s, have contributed to the problem of overfishing in recent decades.(但是，20世
纪50年代引入的现代商业捕鱼做法，导致了近几十年来的过度捕捞问题)”可知，坦噶尼喀湖几十年来一直
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】存在过度捕捞的问题。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据Lake Nyasa (2,316 feet [706 meters])部分中“Lake Nyasa has an extraordinarily high
level of biodiversity (尼亚萨湖拥有非常高的生物多样性)”、Lake Tanganyika (4,710 feet [1,436 meters])部分中
“Like Lake Nyasa, it is a relatively long and narrow lake with extraordinary biodiversity.(像尼亚萨湖一样，它
是一个相对狭长的湖泊，具有非凡的生物多样性)”和Lake Baikal (5,315 feet [1,620 meters])部分中“Like
other lakes on this list, Baikal is home to a large number of animal and plant species that cannot be found anywhere
else.(和榜单上的其他湖泊一样，贝加尔湖是其他地方找不到的大量动植物物种的家园)”可知，三个湖泊的
共同点是都拥有非常高的生物多样性，故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合第一段中“This list counts down the three deepest lakes on Earth.(以下
是地球上最深的三个湖泊)”可知，文章主要介绍了地球上最深的三个湖泊，属于自然地理，应是出自一本
地理杂志。故选B。
（2023上·山东青岛·高三统考期中）The 4 BEST Things to Do in Perth
You might be wondering ‘Is Perth worth visiting?’ Well after checking out this list of the best things to do in
Perth you’ll be sure to add it to your Australian list in no time!
Visiting the epic beaches
Definitely one of the best advantages of living in Perth is its beaches. Backed up to the Indian Ocean, Perth is
home to crystal clear water and glistening white sand. And it’s little wonder most people will spend at least one day
relaxing at the beach on a holiday here.
Enjoying the views from Kings Park
Kings Park is not only one of the top tourist attractions in Perth - it’s incredibly popular with locals too!
Having a mix of European and Aboriginal heritage throughout the gardens, it’s well known in the fields of
horticulture (园艺) for its conservation efforts and scientific research.
Spending a day (or more) exploring the cultural district
Perth is well served by a year-round line-up of art, theatre, film, comedy, and musical events within its cultural
precinct, which houses the Perth Cultural Centre, the Art Gallery of Western Australia, the State Theatre Centre of
WA, and the Western Australian Museum.
Checking out the Fremantle Markets
Fremantle Markets is the most famous weekend markets in Western Australia, and one of the best in the entire
country. It offers fresh and local produce, handcrafted souvenirs, clothing and delicious meals. But best of all,
there’s no entrance fee, which makes it a perfect day out for family fun!
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】8．What is the highlight of Perth’s beaches?
A．Warm climate. B．Convenient service. C．Beautiful seascape. D．Relaxing games.
9．Which attraction is famous for its protection of multiple plants?
A．The beaches. B．Kings Park. C．The cultural district.D．The Fremantle Markets.
10．Which aspect makes Fremantle Markets most attractive for a family trip?
A．Open on weekends. B．Fresh and local goods.
C．Free delicious meals. D．No admission charges.
【答案】8．C 9．B 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了珀斯值得一游的四个方面。
8．细节理解题。根据Visiting the epic beaches中的“Definitely one of the best advantages of living in Perth is
its beaches. Backed up to the Indian Ocean, Perth is home to crystal clear water and glistening white sand. (住在珀
斯最大的优势之一就是它的海滩。背靠印度洋，珀斯拥有清澈的海水和闪闪发光的白沙。)”可知，珀斯海
滩的亮点是美丽的海景。故选 C。
9．细节理解题。 根据Enjoying the views from Kings Park中的“Kings Park is not only one of the top tourist
attractions in Perth - it’s incredibly popular with locals too! Having a mix of European and Aboriginal heritage
throughout the gardens, it’s well known in the fields of horticulture (园艺) for its conservation efforts and scientific
research. (国王公园不仅是珀斯的顶级旅游景点之一，而且在当地人中也非常受欢迎!在整个花园中混合了
欧洲和土著文化遗产，它在园艺学领域以其保护工作和科学研究而闻名。)”可知，国王公园以其对多种植
物的保护而闻名。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据Checking out the Fremantle Markets中的“But best of all, there’s no entrance fee,
which makes it a perfect day out for family fun! (但最重要的是，没有入场费，这使它成为家庭娱乐的完美一
天!)”可知，弗里曼特尔市场最吸引家庭旅行的是它不收取入场费。故选D。
（2023上·湖北·高三华中师大一附中校考期中）With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA
testing for dogs has become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable
insights into a dog’s breed, health risks, and even behaviors.
DNA testing typically works by analyzing the genetic material found in a sample of cells taken from the inside
of your dog’s cheek. This sample is then compared to a database of known breeds and genetic markers associated
with certain traits or health conditions.
The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. Most companies offer several
different types of tests that vary in cost and complexity. For instance, some tests just analyze your dog’s breed
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】composition, while others can assess additional genetic markers associated with certain diseases or behaviors.
Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube
included with most kits. The swab should be gently rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions
before being placed into the collection container provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be
mailed back to the laboratory for processing according to instructions given by the company providing the service.
Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail.
Results will vary depending on which type of test was purchased, but they generally include detailed information
about your pet’s breed composition as well as any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their
genetics that could affect their overall well-being and quality of life.
If you’re looking for an easy way to learn more about your pup’s background without spending too much
money, then DNA testing might just be right up your alley.
11．What is the primary purpose of DNA testing for dogs?
A．To identify a dog’s personality traits.
B．To reveal a dog’s future behavioral changes.
C．To determine a dog’s socialization preferences.
D．To obtain a dog’s breed and genetic information.
12．How does DNA testing for dogs typically work?
A．By analyzing the dog’s hair and fur.
B．By conducting a blood test on the dog.
C．By matching the dog’s DNA with a database.
D．By studying the dog’s genetic health history.
13．What is the correct order of having an DNA test?
①get the sample processed ②rub the swab gently ③receive the result
④select the type of test ⑤place the swab into the container ⑥mail the sample back to the lab
A．④-②-⑤-⑥-①-③ B．④ ⑤-①-②-⑥-③
C．②-⑤-④-①-⑥-③ D．②-④-⑤-⑥-①-③
14．What is the text?
A．A dog advertisement. B．A dog DNA experiment.
C．A dog DNA testing survey. D．A dog DNA test kit promotion.
【答案】11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一个狗DNA检测试剂盒的促销活动。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】11．细节理解题。根据第一段“With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA testing for dogs has
become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable insights into a dog’s
breed, health risks, and even behaviors. (近年来，随着易于使用的家庭试剂盒的出现，狗的DNA检测在狗主
人中越来越受欢迎。它可以为了解狗的品种、健康风险甚至行为提供宝贵的见解。)”可知，对狗进行DNA
检测的主要目的是获取狗的品种和基因信息。故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“DNA testing typically works by analyzing the genetic material found in a sample
of cells taken from the inside of your dog’s cheek. This sample is then compared to a database of known breeds and
genetic markers associated with certain traits or health conditions. (DNA检测通常通过分析从狗脸颊内侧提取的
细胞样本中发现的遗传物质来进行。然后将该样本与已知品种和与某些性状或健康状况相关的遗传标记的
数据库进行比较。)”可知，对狗的DNA检测通常是通过将狗的DNA与数据库进行比对。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段“The first step in obtaining a DNA test kit is selecting which type you want. (获
得DNA检测试剂盒的第一步是选择你想要的类型。)”和第四段“Then it’s time to collect your dog’s sample
using the provided swab (拭子) kit or saliva-collection tube included with most kits. The swab should be gently
rubbed inside your pet’s cheek according to the kit’s directions before being placed into the collection container
provided by the company. After collecting the sample, it should be mailed back to the laboratory for processing
according to instructions given by the company providing the service. Once received by the lab, it typically takes 1-
2 weeks for results to be processed and sent back via email or mail. Results will vary depending on which type of
test was purchased, but they generally include detailed information about your pet’s breed composition as well as
any potential health risks or behavioral traits associated with their genetics that could affect their overall well-being
and quality of life.(然后是时候使用大多数试剂盒中提供的拭子试剂盒或唾液采集管采集你的狗的样本了。
在将拭子放入公司提供的收集容器之前，应根据试剂盒的指示在宠物的脸颊内轻轻擦拭。采集样本后，应
根据提供服务的公司的指示将样本邮寄回实验室进行处理。一旦实验室收到结果，通常需要1-2周的时间
来处理并通过电子邮件或邮件发回。根据购买的测试类型，结果会有所不同，但通常包括有关宠物品种组
成的详细信息，以及任何潜在的健康风险或与其基因相关的行为特征，这些信息可能会影响宠物的整体健
康和生活质量。)”可知，做DNA检测的顺序应该是：④选择测试类型，②轻轻擦拭拭子，⑤将拭子放入容
器，⑥将样本邮寄回实验室，①处理样本，③接收结果。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据第一段“With the availability of easy-to-use at-home kits, DNA testing for dogs has
become increasingly popular among dog owners in recent years. It can provide invaluable insights into a dog’s
breed, health risks, and even behaviors. (近年来，随着易于使用的家庭试剂盒的出现，狗的DNA检测在狗主
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】人中越来越受欢迎。它可以为了解狗的品种、健康风险甚至行为提供宝贵的见解。)”和最后一段“If you’re
looking for an easy way to learn more about your pup’s background without spending too much money, then DNA
testing might just be right up your alley. (如果你正在寻找一种简单的方法，在不花太多钱的情况下了解更多
关于小狗背景的信息，那么DNA检测可能正是你的选择。)”可知，这篇文章主要是售卖狗DNA检测试剂
盒，所以它是一场促销活动。故选D。
（2023上·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中）How to apply to the city volunteer program of Hangzhou
Asian Games?
You can apply through either online or offline channels.
(1)Online channels:
Channel 1: Search the Alipay for applets “Zhejiang Volunteers”.
Channel 2: Enter the Wechat public account “Civilized Hangzhou” and click the navigation column “Voluntary
Service”
(2)Oftline channels:
Register through the New Era Civilization Practice Center/Office/Station established at the city, district,
county, town, sub-district or village level.
Where to buy licensed souvenirs of Asian (Para) Games Hangzhou 2022?
Offline channels: Licensed commercials’ retailing stores of Asian Games Hangzhou 2022
Online channel: Tmall flag store “Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 Official Store”.
How can an aerial photographer apply for radio frequencies?
During the Asian Games Hangzhou 2022, radio access will be allowed in relevant areas of the Games. Users
who need to use radio frequencies or radio equipment may submit an application on the following website: https:
/spectrum. Hangzhou 2022. cn/frequency/enterdeclare.
How do overseas people purchase tickets?
After entering China, overseas people can purchase tickets following the same procedures as domestic public.
For the member countries and regions of the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) that have obtained permission for
overseas agencies, their residents can purchase tickets through appointed agencies.
According to the sales agency arrangements and processes for overseas ticketing of the Hangzhou Asian
Games, the following four National Olympic Committees (NOCs) and their Authorised Ticket Resellers (ATR),
listed in the order of confirmation time, will sell tickets for the sports events of the Hangzhou Asian Games.
Audiences within the respective regions can purchase sports event tickets for the Hangzhou Asian Games through
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】these NOCs and their ATRs:
NOC ATR
1 HKG China Travel Service (H. K. )LTD
2 KOR Hanjin Travel Service Co. LTD
3 JPN PIA Corporation
4 MGL New Juulchin Tours LLC
15．Where can one buy licensed souvenirs of Asian (Para) Games Hangzhou 2022?
A．Tmall flag store Licensed commercials’ retailing stores of Asian Games Hangzhou 2022
B．Shopping at the website: https: /spectrum. hangzhou2022. cn/frequency/enterdeclare
C．Through the Alibaba applets “Zhejiang Volunteers”.
D．Both offline and online channels.
16．How can overseas people purchase tickets for the Hangzhou Asian Games?
A．Only through appointed ticket resellers in their respective regions.
B．Following the same procedures as domestic residents after entering China.
C．By visiting the official ticketing website with the English page.
D．Becoming residents of member countries and regions of OCA
17．Which section of the website might the passage be taken from?
A．Ticket services. B．One-stop Service for Asian Games.
C．Questions & Answers. D．E-Certificate Download.
【答案】15．D 16．B 17．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。是一篇针对2022年杭州亚运会相关问题的问答。
15．细节理解题。根据标题Where to buy licensed souvenirs of Asian (Para) Games Hangzhou 2022?下面第
一段“Offline channels: Licensed commercials’ retailing stores of Asian Games Hangzhou 2022 (线下渠道：2022
年杭州亚运会授权广告零售门店)”以及第二段“Online channel: Tmall flag store “Asian Games Hangzhou 2022
Official Store”. (线上渠道：天猫旗舰店“2022年杭州亚运会官方商店”)”可知，线下和线上渠道都可以买
到2022年杭州亚运特许纪念品。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据标题How do overseas people purchase tickets?下面第一段首句“After entering
China, overseas people can purchase tickets following the same procedures as domestic public. (进入中国后，海
外人士可以按照与国内公众相同的程序购买门票。)”可知，海外人士购买杭州亚运会门票可按照国内公众
相同的程序购买。故选B。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】17．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据四个以设问出现的标题以及下面的回答可知，本文应摘自网站上
的问答环节部分。故选C。
【2023 ▪新高考I卷】
Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the
most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless
lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With
over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available
for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake (刹车), bikes with
hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour €7.50 €5.00
3 hours €11.00 €7.50
1 day (24 hours) €14.75 €9.75
Each additional day €8.00 €6.00
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and
much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy
your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
1. What is an advantage of MacBike?
A. It gives children a discount. B. It of offers many types of bikes.
C. It organizes free cycle tours. D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?
A. €15.75. B. €19.50. C. €22.75. D. €29.50.
3. Where does the guided city tour start?
A. The Gooyer, Windmill. B. The Skinny Bridge.
C. Heineken Brewery. D. Dam Square.
【答案】1. B2. C3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格
等细节。
1.推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot
brake (刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes. (我们提供种类
繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自
行车)”可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要 14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8
欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00
pm every day. (旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。
故选D。
【2023 ▪新高考II卷】
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year.
The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)
Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from
the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy
your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long
as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】(峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue
to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short
talk.
Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10)
Enhance your photography skills — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire
new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.
7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
1. Which of the four programs begins the earliest?
A. Photography Workshops. B. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C. Canyon Talks at Artist Point. D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
2. What is the short talk at Artist Point about?
A. Works of famous artists. B. Protection of wild animals.
C. Basic photography skills. D. History of the canyon area.
3. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop?
A. Artist Point. B. Washburn Trailhead.
C. Canyon Village Store. D. Visitor Education Center.
【答案】1. D2. D3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。
1.细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2) (在黄
石体验野生动物（5月26日至9月2日）)”和“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) (少年
游骑兵野生动物奥林匹克运动会（6月5日至8月21日）)”与“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to
September 2) (在Artist Point的峡谷会谈（6月9日至9月2日）)”以及“Photography Workshops (June 19 &
July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10日）)”可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物开始的时间最早。
故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据文章“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) (在Artist Point的峡谷会谈（6
月9日至9月2日）)部分中的“From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the
breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. (从一个经典的
视角，欣赏下瀑布、黄石河和峡谷的壮丽色彩，同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史)”可知，在Artist Point
的简短演讲主题是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】3.细节理解题。根据文章“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) (摄影研讨会（6月19日和7月10
日）)”部分中的“7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
(7/10——Wildflowers &White Balance：在奇滕登停车场的Washburn Trailhead举行)”可知，7月10日的摄
影研讨会将在Washburn Trailhead举行。故选B。
【2023 ▪全国甲卷】
Where to Eat in Bangkok
Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers. It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options.
Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.
Nahm
Offering Thai fine dining. Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary (烹饪的) experiences. It’s the only
Thai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the word’s 50 best restaurants list. Head Chef David Thompson, who
received a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the
Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
Issays Stamese Club
Issaya Siamese Club is intematoionally known Thai chef lan Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. The
menu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.
Bo. tan
Bo. tan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary sence since it opened in 2009. Serving hard-to-find
Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere, the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine’s roots, yet still manages to add a special
twist. This place is good for a candlelit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food. For
those extremely hungry there’s a large set menu.
Gaggan
Earning first place on the lates “Asia’s 50 best restaurants” list, progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one of
the most exciting venues(场所) to arrive in Bangkok in recent years. The best table in this two-story colonial Thai
home offers a window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. Culinary
theater at its best.
21. What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common?
A. They adopt modern cooking methods. B. They have branches in London.
C. They have top-class chefs. D. They are based in hotels.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】22. Which restaurant offers a large set menu?
A. Gaggan. B. Bo. tan. C. Issaya Siamese Club. D. Nahm.
23. What is special about Gaggan?
A. It hires staff from India. B. It puts on a play every day.
C. It serves hard-to-find local dishes. D. It shows the cooking process to guests.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食之旅的建议。
21.细节理解题。根据小标题Nahm下的段落中“Head Chef David Thompson, who received a Michelin star for
his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name, opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010. (主厨大
卫·汤普森(David Thompson)在伦敦的同名泰国餐厅获得了米其林一星，他于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这
家分店)”以及小标题Issays Stamese Club下的段落中“Issaya Siamese Club is intematoionally know Thai chef
lan Kittichai’s first flagship Bangkok restaurant. (Issaya Siamese Club是国际知名的泰国厨师lan Kittichai的第
一家曼谷旗舰餐厅)”可知，Nahm和Issaya Siamese Club的共同之处是他们都有一流的厨师。故选C项。
22.细节理解题。根据小标题Bo. tan下的段落中“For those extremely hungry there’s a large set menu. (对于那
些极度饥饿的人来说，这里有一份很大的套餐)”可知，Bo. tan提供大型套餐。故选B项。
23.细节理解题。根据小标题Gaggan下的段落中“The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers a
window right into the kitchen, where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action. (在这座两层殖民时期的泰
国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到 Gaggan厨师和他的员工在工作)”可知，
Gaggan的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。故选D项。
【2023 ▪全国乙卷】
PRACTITIONERS
James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was born
Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights
Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man,
the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced.
she was accepted by Edinburgh University to
Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris
study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in
where she worked as a physician and performed surgery.
1813, then joined the British Army, serving
In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite
overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced
of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as
her entire medical profession living and working
a doctor, she was banned from medicine.
as a man.
Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895)
physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. worked as a nurse for eight years before studying
Chinese women at the time could not serve in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years
apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan later, she was the first African American woman
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all to receive a medical degree. She moved to
walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care
Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. to freed slaves.
21. What did Jacqueline and James have in common?
A. Doing teaching jobs. B. Being hired as physicians.
C. Performing surgery. D. Being banned from medicine.
22. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?
A. She wrote a book. B. She went through trials.
C. She worked as a dentist. D. She had formal education.
23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree?
A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania. B. Tan Yunxian.
C. James Barry. D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位从医人员的生平与事迹。
21.细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she
worked as a physician and performed surgery. (她出生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科
手术)”以及第二部分中的“She qualified as a surgeon in 1813 (她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barry
retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. (Barry于1859年退休，
她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行
外科手术。故选C。
22.推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三部分中的“Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor,
describing her life as a physician. (Tan写了一本书《女医生的故事》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可推
知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。
23.细节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive
a medical degree. (四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，Rebecca Lee Crumpler是第
一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。
【2023▪浙江1月卷】
Explorers Camp
•Full day camp for kids aged 5-13.
•Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Week 1 | July 8-12
Week 2 | July 15-19
Week 3 | July 22-26
•Register for a single week or multiple weeks.
•Fees: $365 per week.
•The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class
engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class
engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should
bring their own bagged lunch and snacks.
Camp Content
Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every! class, and focuses on
a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created
with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn.
Camp Staff
Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are
passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.
21. On which of the following dates can you cancel your registration with a full refund?
A. June 12. B. June 22. C. July 19. D. July 26.
22. How are campers divided into different groups?
A. By gender. B. By nationality. C. By interest. D. By age.
23. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week?
A. 15. B. 21. C. 30. D. 42.
【答案】21. A22. D23. C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了探险家营地的相关信息。
21.细节理解题。根据“•The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. (取消注册
并获得全额退款的最后一天是6月15日)”可知，你可以在6月12日取消注册并全额退款。故选A。
22.细节理解题。根据Camp Structure部分中的“The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group.
(白天按每个年龄组分为两个专题会议)”可知，露营者按年龄划分成不同的小组。故选D。
23.细节理解题。根据“•Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】至下午 4 点)”可知，每周安排 5 天的活动。根据 Camp Structure 部分中的“Campers have a three-hour
morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another
three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点
到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可
知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。
【2023 ▪新高考I卷】
When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved
problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny
creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes
people were making.
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking
questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing
chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way
nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge ( 污泥). First, he
constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and
streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these
different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the
sludge.
He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to
eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated
sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in
Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for
the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these
new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone.
C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem.
C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine.
6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
7. What is the basis for John’s work?
A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive.
C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【答案】4. C5. D6. B7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用
自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。
4.细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house,
observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through
plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could
be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的
树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会
变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After
studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions.
Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大
学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有
害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。
5.细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”
以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as
food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感
到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净
水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。
6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse
— like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个
类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部
城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。
7.推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you
let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。
然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。
【2023 ▪全国甲卷】
I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s World. It was full of ideas that
were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a
world of philosophy (哲学).
That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people
who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you — and then try to explain them.
Eric weiner’s The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love
for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.
Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher’s work
in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder
like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a
book about undestanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.
He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he
does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in
history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding (解读) their messages and adding his own
interpretation.
The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls
them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a
coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It’s worth your time, even if time is
something we don’t have a lot of.
28. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?
A. Foucault. B. Eric Weiner.
C. Jostein Gaarder. D. A college teacher.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】29. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?
A. To compare Weiner with them.
B. To give examples of great works.
C. To praise their writing skills.
D. To help readers understand Weiners book.
30. What does the author like about The Socrates Express?
A. Its views on history are well-presented.
B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.
C. It includes comments from readers.
D. It leaves an open ending.
31. What does the author think of Weiners book?
A. Objective and plain.
B. Daring and ambitious.
C. Serious and hard to follow.
D. Humorous and straightforward.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者在13岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后Weiner的书The Socrates Express唤起了作
者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了The Socrates Express这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。
28.细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder’s Sophie’s
World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It
spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).(我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本Jostein
Gaarder的《 Sophie的世界》。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对
我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。)”可知，Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。
29.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then
frames each philosopher’s work in the context (背景) of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a
read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like
Nietzsche. (Weiner在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学家的著作框
定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗
一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。)”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了Weiner书的内容，接
着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解Weiners的书。故选D。
30.细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, more than a book about undestanding philosophy, is a book abour learning
to use philosophy to improve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学来改善
生活的书。)”可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Express这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选
B。
31.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philosopical thought an appealing exercise that improves the
quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以
提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。)”可知，Weiners的书很幽默，根据最后一
段中“The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually
pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. (The Socrates Express是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它
以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。)”可知，Weiners的
书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。
【2023 ▪全国甲卷】
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the
American psyche-we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the
world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a
grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As
grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly
being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or
more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by
settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975,
grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and
allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies
remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm
animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other
farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free
place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,“ says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who
manages bears in and around Missoula.
32. How do Americans look at grizzlies?
A. They cause mixed feelings in people.
B. They should be kept in national parks.
C. They are of high scientific value.
D. They are a symbol of American culture.
33. What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?
A. The European settlers’ behavior.
B. The expansion of bears’ range.
C. The protection by law since 1975.
D. The support of Native Americans.
34. What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from delisting grizzlies?
A. The opposition of conservation groups.
B. The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C. The voice of the biologists.
D. The local farmers’ advocates.
35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C. A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D. Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2000多头，但也带来了一些问题。
32.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg,
occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. (灰熊
可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带
来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它们)”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】项。
33.推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. (1975
年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段“Today, there are about 2, 000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S.
Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies,
which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. (如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。
它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊
的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀)”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。
34.细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery
has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would
loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from
conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. (如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复
非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，
允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上)”可知，是环保
组织的的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。
35.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Obviously, if precautions aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome,
sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants
from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around
chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to
have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,“ says James Jonkel,
longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. (显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻
烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，
灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。“我们希望
有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，”詹姆斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理
米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家)”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措
施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。
2022年阅读理解应用文
Passage1
【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay
2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will
be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or
tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class' lecture/discussion, so it is important to
take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or
short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not
turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get
a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
1. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. An exam paper. C. A course plan. D. An academic article.
2. How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
3. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?
A. You will receive a zero. B. You will lose a letter grade.
C. You will be given a test. D. You will have to rewrite it.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和
Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this course (你
的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是
出自一个课程计划。故选C项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”、“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class
Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero.
(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会
得零分。故选A项。
Passage2
【2022年全国乙卷】Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir
Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of
his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in
the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn Raeburn’s English Contemporaries
Sunday 26 Oct., 15.00 Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10
DUNCAN THOMSON JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the
Raeburn’s Portraits 18th Century
Thursday 6 Nov., 13.10 Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10
NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January.
Admission
£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
1. What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries?
A. Sun. 26 Oct. B. Thurs. 30 Oct. C. Thurs. 6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov.
2. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?
A. £4. B. £8. C. £12. D. £16.
3. How can full-time students get group discounts?
A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools.
C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士进行的展览的相关
情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格右上角Raeburn’s English Contemporaries部分“Thursday 30 Oct. (10月30日星期
四)”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加Raeburn’s English Contemporaries。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Admission部分“£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.(4英
镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场。)”可知，一对夫妇应付4+4=8英镑，两个12岁以下的儿
童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英镑。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“A special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time
education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.(所有全日制教育的学
生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场
费。)”可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。故选C项。
Passage3
【2022年全国乙卷】Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter, Sir
Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of
his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in
the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn Raeburn’s English Contemporaries
Sunday 26 Oct., 15.00 Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10
DUNCAN THOMSON JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the
Raeburn’s Portraits 18th Century
Thursday 6 Nov., 13.10 Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10
NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January.
Admission
£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including
those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
1. What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries?
A. Sun. 26 Oct. B. Thurs. 30 Oct. C. Thurs. 6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov.
2. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?
A. £4. B. £8. C. £12. D. £16.
3. How can full-time students get group discounts?
A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools.
C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士进行的展览的相关
情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格右上角Raeburn’s English Contemporaries部分“Thursday 30 Oct. (10月30日星期
四)”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加Raeburn’s English Contemporaries。故选B项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Admission部分“£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.(4英
镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场。)”可知，一对夫妇应付4+4=8英镑，两个12岁以下的儿
童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英镑。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“A special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time
education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.(所有全日制教育的学
生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场
费。)”可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。故选C项。
Passage4
【2022年全国甲卷】Theatres and Entertainment
St David’s Hall
St David’s Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiff’s
entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall, St David’s Hall is home to the annual Welsh
Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pop, rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films
and classical music.
The Hayes, Cardiff CF 10 1 AH
www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
The Glee Club
Every weekend this is “Wales” premier comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences
and comedy stars alike. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn’t been on the stage here. If you are looking for
the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here.
Mermaid Quay, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff CF 10 5 BZ
www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
Sherman Cymru
Sherman Cymru’s theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012. This special building is a
place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity (机会) to
do creative things. Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family
shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.
Senghennydd Road, Cardiff CF 24 4 YE
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】www.shermancymru.co.uk
New Theatre
The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and children’s shows for more than 100
years. Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK’s touring shows, the New Theatre is
Cardiff’s oldest surviving traditional theatre. Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.
Park Place, Cardiff CF 10 3 LN
www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
1. Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted?
A. At the New Theatre. B. At the Glee Club.
C. At Sherman Cymru. D. At St David’s Hall.
2. What can people do at the Glee Club?
A. Watch musicals. B. Enjoy comedies.
C. See family shows. D. Do creative things.
3. Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiff’s oldest surviving theatre?
A. www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk B. www.shermancymru.co.uk
C. www.glee.co.uk/cardiff D. www.stdavidshalleardiff.co.uk
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Cardiff当地的一些剧院和娱乐场所。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“St David’s Hall”部分中的“St David’s Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms
Cardiff (St David’s Hall是Cardiff一年一度的Welsh Proms的举办地)”可知，Cardiff的Welsh Proms活动在
St David’s Hall举办。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“The Glee Club”部分中的“If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and
brilliant live music, you should start here (如果你正在寻找巡演中最好的喜剧和精彩的现场音乐，你应该从这
里开始)”可知，人们可以在The Glee Club享受喜剧。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章“New Theatre”部分中的“The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama,
musicians, dance and children’s shows for more than 100 years (100多年来，New Theatre一直是优质戏剧、音
乐家、舞蹈和儿童节目的发源地)”以及其下面的网站“www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk”可知，可以在
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk网站找到Cardiff存在最久的剧院。故选A。
Passage5
【2022年北京卷】Peer ( 同伴 ) Assisted Study Sessions (PASS) is a peer-facilitated learning programme
available to students enrolled ( 注册 ) in most core units of study in our business school.
PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets, based
around a unit of study you’re enrolled in.
PASS doesn’t re-teach or deliver new content. It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key
points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.
You work interactively with your peers. As a peer group, you decide what is covered in each session. That
way, PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback.
Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, 21 September 2022.
Waiting lists
If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list. We will email you if a place becomes available or if a
new session is to be held.
When you are placed on a waiting list, we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list.
If you are close to the front of the list, you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near
future.
Deregistering
If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on
the waiting list. Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance.
You’ll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions. If you believe you
have received the email in error, email the PASS office at passoffice@umbs. edu..
21. In PASS, students ________.
A. attend new lectures B. decide their own schedules
C. prepare problem sets in groups D. use their skills to solve problems
22. What can students do if a session is full?
A. Fill in the attendance sheet. B. Sign up for the waiting list.
C. Report their needs and feedback. D. Email the office their numbers on the list.
23. Students will be deregistered if ________.
A. they send emails in error B. they fail to work interactively
C. they give their places to others D. they miss two sessions in a row
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D
【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了同伴辅助学习课程(PASS)。
21.【解析】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It’s an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture
materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems.（这是一个机会，在你运用技能解决问题的同时，
加深你对课堂材料关键点的理解。）”可知，在同伴辅助学习课程中，学生运用技能解决问题。故选D。
22.【解析】
细节理解题。根据Waiting lists部分“If a session is full, you can register for the waiting list.（如果课程满员，
您可以注册等待列表。）”可知，如果某一课程满员，可以注册等待列表。故选B。
23.【解析】
细节理解题。根据Deregistering部分“If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, you will be deregistered and
your place will be given to someone on the waiting list.（如果您连续错过两次课程，您将被取消注册，你的位
置将分配给等待名单上的某个人。）”可知，如果学生连续错过两次课程，将被取消注册。故选D。
Passage6
【2022年天津卷第二次】Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes with a lot
of changes. For most students, it’s the first time they’re living away from home and managing their own life. Not
surprisingly, adapting to this new lifestyle can be challenging. The following four tips will make high school
graduates better prepared for college life.
Goal setting
When setting goals, whether they’re academic, career, or personal, re-member they should be attainable but
not too easy, so that you really have to push yourself to achieve them, and feel rewarded when you do. Writing
down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into smaller more practical ones can help make it
feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a roadmap to success.
Interpersonal skills
At college, you will interact with fellow students, professors, librarians, and many others. Strong interpersonal
skills will help you build relationships during this time, and get more out of them. If you feel that your interpersonal
skills need some work, practice asking thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by
putting yourself in someone else’s shoes, and enhance your self-confidence.
Studying
With fewer in-class hours and more on-your-own learning, you’re required to really digest learning material
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】rather than simply memorize facts. To be successful in college you’ll need to learn how to integrate large amounts
of information obtained through reading, do research, and write papers. Organization is the key, so if you are not
someone who is naturally organized, set up your study schedule.
Budgeting
Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college that they develop it for the first time. Start
by estimating your financial balance. Then give high priority to the expenses on basic needs and determine how
much money to set aside every month to cover those costs. Don’t forget about savings…and the fun stuff(movies,
dinners out), too.
36. Who is this passage most probably written for?
A. College teachers.
B. University graduates.
C. High school teachers.
D. Would-be college students.
37. What is the author’s suggestion for reaching a huge goal?
A. Divide it into smaller, more achievable ones.
B. Reward oneself for each goal one has set.
C. Purchase a clear, updated roadmap.
D. Push oneself to an upper level.
38. One of the suggested ways to enhance your interpersonal skills is to ________.
A. prepare complicated questions
B. try on someone else’s shoes
C. listen to others carefully
D. take advantage of others
39. What is the key to successful college study according to the author?
A. Being well-organized.
B. Being well-informed.
C. Effective reading skills.
D. Reliable research methods.
40. To learn how to manage money, the first thing to do is________.
A. save money for financial investment
B. estimate one’s income and expenses
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】C. set aside money for fun activities
D. open a personal bank account
.
【答案】36 D 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了高中毕业生如何为大学生活做更好准备的四个技巧。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的首句“Getting into college is a big step for high school graduates, and it comes
with a lot of changes.(对于高中毕业生来说，进入大学是一大步，它带来了很多变化。 )”和最后一句“The
following four tips will make high school graduates better prepared for college life.(以下四个技巧将使高中毕业
生为大学生活做好更好的准备。)”可知，该文主要针对于高中毕业生的。故选D项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Writing down your goals and breaking down each huge, long-term goal into
smaller more practical ones can help make it feel more real, and writing out a plan for achieving it can give you a
roadmap to success.(写下你的目标，把每个巨大的长期目标分解成更小、更实际的目标，可以帮助它感觉更
真实，写出一个实现它的计划可以给你一个成功的路线图。)”可知，作者建议学生要将宏大的计划拆分成
一个个细小的可实现的计划。故选A项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you feel that your interpersonal skills need some work, practice asking
thoughtful questions and listening closely, develop your understanding by putting yourself in someone else’s shoes,
and enhance your self-confidence.(如果你觉得你的人际交往能力需要一些工作，练习提出深思熟虑的问题并
仔细倾听，通过设身处地为别人着想来发展你的理解，增强你的自信心。)”可知，新生在人际交往时学会
倾听。故选C项。
【39题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Organization is the key，so if you are not someone who is naturally
organized，set up your study schedule.(组织是关键，所以如果你不是一个自然有条理的人，那就制定你的学
习时间表。)”可知，在大学成功学习的关键是要学会成为一个有条理性的人，并科学安排自己的时间。故
选A项。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Managing money is a critical life skill, and for many, it is at college hat they
develop it for the first time. Start by estimating your financial balance.(管理资金是一项至关重要的生活技能，
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】对许多人来说，这是他们在大学帽子上第一次发展它。首先估计您的财务状况。)”，可知大学生要学会自
主管理金钱，首先要让收支相抵。故选B项。
2021年阅读理解应用文
Passage1
【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel
( 旅 社 ). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to
stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the
best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too
noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff
members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the
rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful
furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning
and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all
of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you
arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21. What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?
A. Comfort. B. Security.
C. Price. D. Location.
22. Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?
A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C. Youth Station Hostel. D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23. What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A. It gets noisy at night. B. Its staff is too talkative.
C. It charges for Wi-Fi. D. It’s inconveniently located.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (
旅 社 ).”(对旅行者来说，罗马可能很昂贵，这就是许多人选择住旅社的原因)可知选择住旅社的旅行者可
能最关心的是价格。故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分“If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in
Rome.”（如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆）可知如果你喜欢社交旅馆，Hostel Alessandro
Palace是罗马最适合你的旅馆。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes部分“However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.”（但
是，你需要支付每天2欧元的Wi-Fi）可知Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点是Wi-Fi收费。故选C。
Passage2
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】Things to Do in Yorkshire This Summer
Harrogate Music Festival
Since its birth, Harrogate Music Festival has gone from strength to strength. This year, we are celebrating our
50th anniversary. We begin on 1st June with Manchester Camerata and Nicola Benedetti, presenting an amazing
programme of Mozart pieces.
Dates:1 June-31 July
Tickets:£12-£96
Jodie's Fitness Summer Classes
As the summer months roll in, our Georgian country estate makes the perfect setting for an outdoor fitness
session. Come and work out with our qualified personal trainer, Jodie McGregor, on the grounds of the Middleton
Lodge estate.
We will be holding a free taster session on 23rd May, at 10 am, to demonstrate the variety of effective and
active exercises. There are eight spaces available for the taster session. Advance bookings are
required(info@middletonlodge.co.uk.paris)
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Dates:23 May-11 July
Tickets: £7.50 per session
Felt Picture Making
Working from an inspirational picture, this workshop at Helmsley Arts Centre will teach you the techniques
you will need to recreate your picture in wool.
We will also discuss the origins of felt, what enables wool fibres to become felt and how the processes we use
work.
Dates: 12 June-12 July
Tickets: £40 including materials
Figure It Out!-Playing with Math
A new exhibition in Halifax uses everyday activities to explain the hidden math principles we all use on a
regular basis. Pack a bag, cut a cake, guess which juice container holds the most liquid, and much more. Discover
how architects, product designers and scientists use similar skills in their work.
Dates:7 May-10 June
Tickets: Free
1. What should you do if you want to attend the taster session of Jodie's fitness classes?
A. Join a fitness club. B. Pay a registration fee.
C. Make a booking. D. Hire a personal trainer.
2. How much is the ticket for Felt Picture Making?
A. £7.50. B. £12. C. £40. D. £96.
3. Which of the following starts earliest?
A. Harrogate Music Festival. B. Jodie's Fitness Summer Classes.
C. Felt Picture Making. D. Figure It Out!-Playing with Math.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了今年夏天约克郡的四个活动的情况。
【1题详解】
细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 Jodie's Fitness Summer Classes 部 分 中 “ Advance bookings are
required(info@middletonlodge.co.uk.paris)( 需要提前预订（info@middletonlodge.co.uk.paris）)”可知，如果
你想参加Jodie的健身课程，你应该预约。故选C。
【2题详解】
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】细节理解题。根据Felt Picture Making部分中“Tickets: £40 including materials(门票：40英镑（含材料）)”
可知，Felt Picture Making的票需要40英镑。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，Harrogate Music Festival从6月1日到7月31日；Jodie's Fitness Summer
Classes从5月23日到7月11日；Felt Picture Making从6月12日到7月12日；Figure It Out!-Playing with
Math从5月7日到6月10日。故Figure It Out!-Playing with Math最早开始。故选D。
Passage3
【2021年全国甲卷】A Take a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea
of Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of entries has
shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape.Take
a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.
It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I
Mike Shepherd(2011) climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few
feet deep, and though it was only a short climb, I found myself completely above it and
Skiddaw in Winter
looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I used
Cumbria, England classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into
Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white image（图像）.
I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking
Timothy Smith(2014)
up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a
Macclesfield Forest small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh
snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to take the view from
Cheshire, England
the foreground right through into the forest.
1. Who would most probably enter for Take a view?
A. Writers. B. Photographers. C. Painters. D. Tourists.
2. What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?
A. They are winter images.
B. They are in black and white.
C. They show mountainous scenes.
D. They focus on snow—covered forests.
3. Where can the text be found?
A. In a history book. B. In a novel. C. In an art magazine. D. In a biography.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Take a view, the Landscape(风景）Photographer of the Year Award,was the idea of
Charlie Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.”（ Take a view，年度风景摄影师奖是
Charlie Waite的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一）可知摄影师最有可能参加Take a view。故选
B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mike Shepherd部分“It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung in the
air.”（那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾）和Timothy Smith部分“I was back in
my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.”（我回到我的家乡Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的
照片）可知Shepherd 和 Smith的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect
platform to showcase the very best photography of the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual
competition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.”（每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项
是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。 对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Take a view是一项令人
向往的年度竞赛 ）结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛 Take a
view以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选C。
Passage4
【2021年全国乙卷】The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A.D., the Romans built
the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.
Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50,000 people. However, that was small fry
compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and comfortable
seat—tend to keep stadium capacities（容量） slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are
the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks
them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still funtiona1, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang D.P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened: May 1,1989.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U. S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1, 1927.
·Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September 17, 1960.
·Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U. S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7,1922.
·Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U. S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold?
A. 104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000.
22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest?
A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field.
23. What do the listed stadiums have in common?
A. They host big games. B. They have become tourist attractions.
C. They were built by Americans. D. They are favored by architects.
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上著名的大型竞技场的基本情况。目前这些竞技场仍在运
行并且还在承办大型体育赛事。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus,
which accommodated around 250,000 people.” (然而，与这座城市容纳了25万人的大竞技场相比，这只是小
巫见大巫。)可知，Circus Maximus的可以容纳250,000人。故选D项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后部分中的“Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened October
7, 1922.” (美国俄亥俄州哥伦布市俄亥俄体育场，容纳人数：104,944人。1922年10月7日开业。)及其他
四个著名竞技场的开放时间介绍可知，Ohio Stadium开放时间最早在1922年，属于年代最久远的。故选C
项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in
world sport.” (所有这些体育场馆仍在使用，仍在开放，仍在举办世界上最大的体育赛事。)可知，这些体
育馆都还在承办大型的体育赛事。故选A项。
Passage5
【2021年北京卷】If you are planning to start a career in the field of education，science，or culture，then
an internship（实习） at UNESCO will be ideal for you．
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Who can apply？
You have completed your full-time university studies；or．
You are studying in a graduate program for a master's degree．
Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical
institution．
What are the requirements？
You must be at least 20 years old．
You should have a good command （掌握） of either English or French．
You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software．
You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment．
You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills．
What do you need to prepare？
Visa：You should obtain the necessary visas．
Travel：You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your
internship．
Medical insurance：You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid（有效的）in the
target country for the entire period of the internship．UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to
USD30,000 for the internship period．
Medical certificate：You must provide a medical certificate indicating you are fit to work．
Motivation letter：You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application
form．
Your application will be accessed by UNESCO managers and will stay in our database for six months．We do
not respond to every candidate．If selected，you will be contacted by a manager．If you do not receive any
update within six months，it means that your application has not been successful．
21. According to this passage，applicants are required to________．
A. hold a master's degree in science
B. have international work experience
C. be fluent in either English or French
D. present a letter from a technical institution
22. What will UNESCO provide for the internship period？
A. Limited medical insurance coverage．
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B. Training in communication skills．
C. A medical certificate for work．
D. Financial support for travel．
23. What should applicants do before filling out the application form？
A. Contact UNESCO managers． B. Get access to the database．
C. Keep a motivation letter at hand． D. Work in a team for six months．
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是联合国教科文组织的实习项目。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据What are the requirements？部分的You should have a good command （掌握） of either
English or French（你应该精通英语或法语）可知，申请者必须精通英语或法语，故选C。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据What do you need to prepare？部分的UNESCO will provide limited insurance coverage up to
USD30,000 for the internship period（联合国教科文组织将为实习期间提供不超过3万美元的有限保险）可
知，教科文组织为实习期间提供有限的医疗保险，故选A。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的 You should have your motivation letter ready before filling out the application
form（在填写申请表之前，你应该准备好你的动机信）可知，在填写申请表之前，申请人应将动机信放在
手边，故选C。
Passage6
【2021年天津卷第二次】When starting college, most students enjoy a week's stay on campus before classes
actually begin. What should you do with that time? Below are several tips to ease（使熟悉） yourself into college
life.
Participating in Campus Welcome Activities
Most universities host welcome events before the academic year officially begins, including freshmen
orientations （迎新会），campus picnics, and entertainments like concerts.
Participating in such events is a great way to learn about school facilities and understand campus culture: What
do students do for fiin? What are their favorite classes? What is the history of your university? It can help you
observe campus life outside the classroom.
Exploring Campus
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Getting to know where essential campus resources are—such as the student advising center, psychological
services, and the tutoring center~~will make your first few weeks on campus a lot easier, because you won't have to
look for them while still getting used to your classes.
Take some time to check out the buildings where your classes will be held. This will prevent you from getting
lost in the first few days of classes, and familiarize you with how long it takes to get from place to place. If you're
worried about taking classes one after another in different buildings, a quick test run won't hurt. That way, you will
avoid potential time delays in getting to your classes.
Starting a Routine
Before getting too excited about all of the fun things you will be able to do during the week, remember that
you do have a pretty big schedule change coming up. Starting classes means being in different places at different
times, so it’s a great idea to start getting used to that routine right this week.
What helps you most is to schedule your sleep. Following the planned time will ensure you have enough sleep
to get to those early classes and stay wide awake.
If you have other daily routines, such as exercising or talking on the phone with family, work those into your
day-to-day life before classes start so that you get a better idea of how they fit in with your schedule.
36. By participating in campus welcome activities, freshmen can .
A. learn about campus culture
B. get their course schedule
C. have a physical examination
D. take an entrance test
37. Why are freshmen advised to have a quick test run between buildings ?
A. To see how many facilities they can use.
B. To avoid being late for future classes.
C. To help those getting lost on campus.
D. To practice running on their way to class.
38. When is it best for freshmen to start getting used to the new routine?
A. On the first day of their classes.
B. Before the orientation week.
C. After their first-day classes.
D. During the orientation week.
39. What does the author suggest freshmen do to stay focused in class?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A. Take physical exercise before class.
B. Leave their phones powered off.
C. Take early classes every day.
.
D Keep to the sleep schedule.
40. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?
A. To offer some tips on making an easier start at college.
B. To remind freshmen about the first day of school.
C. To help freshmen organize campus activities.
D. To share his college experience with the reader.
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. D 40. A
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要针对新生真正开学前一周的活动给出一些建议，帮助新生轻松开始大学
生活。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据Participating in Campus Welcome Activities标题下的第二段中“Participating in such events
is a great way to learn about school facilities and understand campus culture:（参加这些活动是了解学校设施和
了解校园文化的好方法）”可知，参加欢迎活动可以了解校园文化，故选择A项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Exploring Campus标题下的第二段中“That way, you will avoid potential time delays in
getting to your classes.（那样，你将会避免在去上课时可能出现的延误）”可知，快跑测试，可以避免将来
上课迟到，故选择B项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Starting a Routine 标题下的第一段“Starting classes means being in different places at
different times, so it’s a great idea to start getting used to that routine right this week.（课程开始意味着在不同的
时间呆在不同的地方，所以就在这周开始习惯这种常规活动是个好主意）”可知，right this week指的是正
式开学前的这一周，也叫orientation week“迎新周” ，故选择D项。
【39题详解】
推理判断题题。根据 Starting a Routine 标题下的第二段“What helps you most is to schedule your sleep.
Following the planned time will ensure you have enough sleep to get to those early classes and stay wide awake.
（最有帮助的就是安排好的你的睡眠，按照计划的时间，将确保你有足够的睡眠来参加早上的课程，并保
持清醒）”可知，想要保持清醒专注，就要保证睡眠时间。故选择D项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【40题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Below are several tips to ease（使熟悉） yourself into college life.（以下
是几个帮你轻松进入大学生活的建议）”可知，作者主要是提出一些轻松开始大学生活的建议。故选择 A
项。
Passage7
【2021年天津卷第一次】 Job for You!
Family Alliance Meal Delivery
Family Alliance is looking for people who can
deliver hot Chinese meals one to two times a Lancaster Design
week for people with disabilities in north suburban
We provide full furnishings, like donated kitchen
Fairfield County.
equipment and furniture items, for the new homes of
All applicants must have a driver's license and people who were oncehomeless.
access to a car. Gas will be covered for each
We need people who can work at our warehouse （仓
delivery.
库）sorting and packing items to be delivered to
Working hours: 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. Tuesdays and
families, repair donated furniture and more. Candidates
Fridays
will be matched with a task based on skill set.
For more information, contact Charles Chen
Interested? Submit your application to
at cchen@famd.com
www.lancasterdesign.org
Or call 740-6668988
Or call 740-6119735
Lancaster Weekly
Would you like the opportunity to earn extra cash Parkview Nursing Home
close to home? If so we have a vacancy in our
Caregivers are wanted. We seek people who are patient
team which would suit you.
and caring, and who have experience and interest in
Both adults and youngsters aged 13+ are required working with older adults.
to deliver our newspaper. You may I have to cover
As part of the package, initial and follow-up training
some distance. Bicycles are available if needed.
sessions are provided and accommodation is available
Working hours: 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. Saturdays if required.
For more information For more details, visit us at Unit 3 Park View Lane
Call 740-6538360 Or contact Ellen White at 740-6968399
36．Which job requires a driver's license?
A．Delivering meals.
B．Delivering newspapers.
C．Working at the warehouse.
D．Working at the nursing home.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】37．Which of the following is TRUE about the Lancaster Design job?
A．Applicants are expected to design furniture.
B．Work is arranged according to one's skill set.
C．It involves collecting furniture from homes.
D．It favors applicants who are homeless.
38．A middle-school student is most likely to be hired by.
A．Family Alliance Meal Delivery
B．Lancaster Design
C．Lancaster Weekly
D．Parkview Nursing Home
39．Which number should you call if you want to work with the elderly?
A．740-6668988.
B．740-6119735.
C．740-6538360.
D．740-6968399.
【答案】36. A 37.B 38.C 39.D
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章刊登了四则招工广告。
36．细节理解题。该小题问哪份儿工作需要有驾照。根据第一则广告第二段“All applicants must have a
driver's license and access to a car.（所有的申请人都必须有驾照并要有可使用的汽车。）”可知，第一则广
告招聘外卖送餐工，并要求应聘者有驾照。故选A项。
37．细节理解题。根据Lancaster Design 广告“Candidates will be matched with a task based on skill set.（应
聘者将会被安排与自己技术相匹配的任务。）可知，B项（Lancaster Design job的工作是根据个人的技能
来安排的）这一表述正确。故选B项。
38．细节理解题。根据Lancaster Weekly“Both adults and youngsters aged 13+ are required to deliver our
newspaper.（成人和13岁以上的青少年都可以投递我们的报纸。）可知，中学生（13+）也有可能会被
Lancaster Weekly雇佣。故选C项。
39．细节理解题。根据Parkview Nursing Home广告部分“We seek people who are patient and caring, and who
have experience and interest in working with older adults.( 我们寻找有耐心，有爱心，有经验和兴趣与老年
人一起工作的人。)可知，Parkview Nursing Home招聘照顾老人的员工，他们养老院的电话是740-
6968399。故选D项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】2020年阅读理解应用文
【2020年新课标Ⅰ】Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding. For
ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of
connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at Roma Street
station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit translink. com. au or
call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart Origin Destination Arrive
6:42pm Altandi Varsity Lakes 7:37pm
7:29pm Central Varsity Lakes 8:52pm
8:57pm Fortitude Valley Varsity Lakes 9:52pm
11:02pm Roma Street Varsity Lakes 12:22am
21. What would you do to get ticket information?
A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit translink .com.au.
C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.
22. At which station can you find the lost property office?
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes?
A. 6:42 pm. B. 7:29 pm. C. 8:57 pm. D. 11:02 pm.
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些火车信息，包括失物招领、公共假期安排以及列车出发时
间等信息。
21. 细节理解题。根据第一段中For ticket information, please ask your local station or call 13 12 30.可知查询车
票信息，请向您当地的车站询问或拨打131230。由此可知，你可以询问当地车站或拨打131230来获得车
票信息。故选C。
22. 细节理解题。根据Lost property部分中The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm
and is located at Roma Street station.可知失物招领处周一至周五早上7:30到下午5:00营业，位于罗马街车站。
由此可知，在Roma Street你可以找到失物招领办公室。故选B。
23. 细节理解题。根据Guardian trans部分中信息，可知从起始地Central出发，开往目的地Varsity Lakes的
火车是下午7:29开车。由此可知，如果你要从Central去往Varsity Lakes，你应当乘坐下午7:29的火车。故
选B。
【2020年新课标Ⅱ】The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape(景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of celebrated and
award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since 1679, home to the International
Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open:29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop:10.30-17.00(16.00 in Oct).
House:11.15-16.00(15.00 in Oct)
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a
city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition
programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Sumner.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town:Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery. There are four fantastic galleries to visit
from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage, walk through his
hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the shop and relax in the café.
Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
21. When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July?
A. 09.30-17.30. B. 10.30-16.00. C. 11.15-16.00. D. 12.00-16.30
22. What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum?
A. Enjoy Ronney’s works.
B. Have some interactive fun.
C. Attend a famous festival.
D. Learn the history of a family
23. Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life?
A. Penrith. B. Kendal. C. Carlisle. D. Grasmere.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【解析】本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。
21. 细节理解题。根据题干中的Dalemain Mansion& Historic Gardens 可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的
House:11:15-16:00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11:15-16:00。C. 11:15-16:00.符合以上说法，故选C项。
22. 细节理解题。根据题干中的Abbot Hall Art Gallery& Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的
The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has
Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱
托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A. Enjoy Romney's works.
(欣赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。
23. 细节理解题。根据题干中的explore Wordsworth's life可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一
行Town: Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去Grasmere。D. Grasmere.符合以上说法，
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】故选D项。
【2020年新课标Ⅲ】Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence(13days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We will visit some
of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of
Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful
experience.
Southern Spain(15days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent(芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains
including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south from Madrid with Prof. Ronald
Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China’s Sacred Landscapes(21days)
Discover the China of”past ages，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof. Robert Thorp.
Highlights(精彩之处)include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways
and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in
Shanghai.
Tunisia(17days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the
underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and
Matmata，uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？
A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers.
C. Van Gogh’s paintings. D. Greek buildings.
22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？
A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia.
23. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？
A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个国家中，那些可以让人们回顾过去的著名景点。
21. 细节理解题。根据第一部分的We will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. (我
们将参观一些世界上保存最完好的罗马建筑遗迹)和第二部分的we explore historical monuments and
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】architecture.(我们探索历史遗迹和建筑)可知，在Classical Provence 和Southern Spain游客们可以参观历史
遗迹。A. Historical monuments（历史遗迹）符合以上说法，故选A项。
22. 推理判断题。根据第三部分的China's Sacred Landscapes (21days)(中华神山 21天)和Discover the China
of ''past ages'', its walled cities, temples and mountain scenery with Prof Robert Thorp. Highlights include China's
most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills, waterways and peaceful temples (和Robert教授一起
发现中国的过去，有墙的城市、寺庙和山景。精彩之处包括中国最神圣的泰山之巅，杭州起伏的群山、运
河和宁静的寺庙)可知，去中国的神山之行总共有27天，而且Thorp对中国的名山非常了解。由此推测
Thorp在这四个国家里最了解中国。C. China(中国)符合以上说法，故选C项。
23. 细节理解题。根据第四部分的Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga, the underground
Mumidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Taraounine and Matmata, unique for
underground cities.(突尼斯的旅游亮点包括罗马城市Dougga，地下城市Mumidian,它是Bulla Regia的首府，
Roman Sbeitla以及在Taraounine和Matmata附近的区域，它们是独特的地下城市)可知，突尼斯的旅游亮点
是地下城市。B. Underground cities(地下城市)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】POETRY CHALLENGE
Write a poem about how courage, determination, and strength have helped you face challenges in your life.
Prizes
3 Grand Prizes:Trip to Washington, D. C. for each of three winners, a parent and one other person of the
winner’s choice. Trip includes round-trip air tickets, hotel stay for two nights, and tours of the National Air and
Space Museum and the office of National Geographic World.
6 First Prizes:The book Sky Pioneer:A Photobiography of Amelia Earhart signed by author Corinne Szabo
and pilot Linda Finch.
50 Honorable Mentions:Judges will choose up to 50 honorable mention winners, who will each receive a T-
shirt in memory of Earhart’s final flight.
Rules
Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification.
■Write a poem using 100 words or fewer. Your poem can be any format, any number of lines.
■Write by hand or type on a single sheet of paper. You may use both the front and back of the paper.
■On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date.
■Mail your entry to us by October 31 this year.
1. How many people can each grand prize winner take on the free trip?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.
2. What will each of the honorable mention winners get?
A. A plane ticket. B. A book by Corinne Szabo.
C. A special T-shirt. D. A photo of Amelia Earhart.
3. Which of the following will result in disqualification?
A. Typing your poem out. B. Writing a poem of 120 words.
C. Using both sides of the paper. D. Mailing your entry on October 30.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文是一篇诗歌大赛的征稿启事。文章就参赛作品的内容、奖项、参赛规则等
做了介绍。
1. 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第一段中的“Trip to Washington, D.C. for each of three winners, a parent
and one other person of the winner's choice”可知，每位获奖者都可以带一名家长和另一名由获奖者选择的人
员。因此，每位获奖者可以带两个人。故选A。
2. 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中第三段“50 Honorable Mentions: Judges will choose up to 50 honorable
mention winners, who will each receive a T-shirt in memory of Earhart's final flight”可知，每位优秀奖获奖者都
将获得一件纪念埃尔哈特最后一次飞行的T恤。故选C。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“Follow all rules carefully to prevent disqualification. Write a poem using
100 words or fewer”可知，所写的诗字数不能超过100字。否则，将会被取消资格。故结合选项，B选项(写
一首120字的诗)是会被取消资格的。故选B。
【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】Pali Overnight Adventures offers children and teens exciting
experiences this summer. From broadcasting to street art, these are just 4 of the 17 highly unique camps being
offered.
Broadcasting Camp
Become the next star reporter, news writer, director or producer. While running every aspect of our own news
station, kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire
camp. Every night it goes on the web, keeping parents and the world informed of the happenings at Pali.
Secret Agent Camp
In the movie Mission Impossible, Tom Cruise made being a secret agent seem like the coolest job ever.
Campers who sign up for the 2-week secret agent camp can get to know about the life of real secret agents by
learning strategies and military skills on the paintball field.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Culinary Camp
If your child enjoys being in the kitchen, then the culinary camp is definitely the right fit. Campers learn
technical skills of roasting, frying and cutting, as well as some recipes that they can take home and share with their
families.
Street Art Camp
This camp takes creative license to an entirely new level. Campers will share their colorful ideas and
imagination with each other and work together to visualize, sketch and paint with non-traditional techniques to
create the coolest mural which will be displayed in public for all to see.
1. How many camps does Pali Overnight Adventures offer this summer?
A. 2. B. 4. C. 17. D. 21.
2. What will campers do at the Broadcasting Camp?
A. Create a website. B. Run a news station.
C. Meet a star reporter. D. Hold a dinner party.
3. Which camp will attract children who are interested in cooking?
A. Broadcasting Camp. B. Secret Agent Camp.
C. Culinary Camp D. Street Art Camp.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C
【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个不同类型的夏令营的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“From broadcasting to street art, these are just 4 of the 17 highly unique camps
being offered.”可知从广播到街头艺术，这只是17个非常独特的营地中的4个。由此可知，今年夏天巴利岛
有17个露营地。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“While running every aspect of our own news station, kids and their fellow campers
will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp.”可知在经营好我们自己的新闻电
台的方方面面的同时，孩子们和他们的营员们将在每天晚上的晚餐时，为整个夏令营创作并主持播出一个
广播。由此可知，营员在广播营会经营一家新闻电台。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If your child enjoys being in the kitchen, then the culinary camp is definitely the
right fit. Campers learn technical skills of roasting, frying and cutting, as well as some recipes that they can take
home and share with their families.”可知如果你的孩子喜欢呆在厨房里，那么烹饪夏令营绝对是最合适的选
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】择。露营者学习烘焙、油炸和切菜的技术技能，以及一些他们可以带回家和家人分享的食谱。由此可知，
Culinary Camp会吸引对烹饪感兴趣的孩子。故选C。
【2020年北京卷】Lancom is a worldwide language learning app and a leader in the online language learning
industry with millions of active subscribers. We house a broad range of experts united by the common goal of
creating the best language learning tools possible. With advice from A I specialists, art designers and culture
researchers, our multi-language experts endow Lancom with an enormous potential for innovation within the world
of language leaning. Our courses, totalling 20,000 hours of content in 20 different languages, guarantee you
language skills you can use right away.
At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language leaning with advanced
technology.
Examples and dialogues are recorded with real native speakers instead of automatic computers. Lancom trains
your brain to learn efficiently, so you absorb more information while in the app and continue leaning outside of it.
The app makes our practical language lessons available wherever and whenever. We work directly for our leaners,
not for any third party. And it's all supported by an efficient customer service team, available through telephone,
email and online chat.
Millions of learners have their own stories and their own reasons for learning a new language. Lancom cares
about you and addresses your individual learning type. Lancom is the only product to offer courses tailored to your
native language, building on grammar and words you already know. Our content is about real-life topics that are
relevant because we know what matters to you is what sticks best. You will, find it very rewarding to learn with
Lancom.
Choose Your Subscription and Get Started
1 month 3 months 6 months 12 months
$12.95/m $8.95/m $7.45/m $6.95/m
Buy with confidence: 21-day money back guarantee! If you aren't satisfied, just write to Customer Service
within 21 days.
Contact & Support: customerservice@lancom.com
31. Who can provide Lancom with a huge potential for innovation in learning?
A. Culture researchers. B. AI specialists. C. Language experts. D. Art designers.
32. What lies at the core of the Lancom app?
A. A flexible system. B. An effective method.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】C. The brain-training technique. D. The informative content.
33. Lancom claims that it is unique in its ___________.
A. personalised courses B. multiple languages
C. pricing policy D. service team
【答案】31. C 32. B 33. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个名为Lancom的全球性语言学习应用程序，介绍了其特色、
价格以及联系方式等信息。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“With advice from AI specialists, art designers and culture researchers, our multi-
language experts endow Lancom with an enormous potential for innovation within the world of language leaning.”
可知，在人工智能专家、艺术设计师和文化研究者的建议下，我们的多语言专家为Lancom在语言学习领
域提供了巨大的创新潜力。由此可知，语言专家为Lancom提供学习创新的巨大潜力。故选C。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language
leaning with advanced technology.”可知，Lancom的核心是一种世界级的有效方法，利用先进的技术来增强
语言学习。由此可知，Lancom应用程序的核心是有效的方法。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Lancom is the only product to offer courses tailored to your native language,
building on grammar and words you already know.”可知，Lancom是唯一一款为您的母语量身定制课程的产品，
以您已经掌握的语法和单词为基础，由此可知，Lancom声称它的个性化课程是独一无二的。故选A。
【2020年江苏卷】
Some important dates in China’s fighting Covid-19 before May 7,2020
Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions.
Jan 24: National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and wuhan.
Jan 20, 2020~ Feb 20,2020 Jan 27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan.
Feb 18: The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients
exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
Feb 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to lower their
public health emergency response level.
Feb 21, 2020~ Mar 17,2020
Feb 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference in
Beijing.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Mar 11-17: The epidemic (流行病) peak had passed in China as a whole.
Apr1: Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on inbound arrivals at all points
of entry.
Mar 18,2020 ~Apr 28,2020
Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions.
Apr 26: The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
Apr 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in the
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
Apr 29, 2020~ May 7,2020
May 7: The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting Covid-19
Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.
56. What happened between January 20 and February 20?
A. The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.
B. The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference.
C. The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
D. Beijing lowered its emergency response level.
57. From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan?
A. January 23. B. March 11. C. April 8. D. May 7.
【答案】56. A 57. C
【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2020年5月7日前，中国抗击新冠肺炎的重要日期。
56. 细节理解题。根据表格中 Jan20, 2020-Feb 20，2020 部分 Jan27: The Central Steering (指导) Group
arrived in Wuhan.可知，在一月二十号到二月二十号之间，中央领导小组抵达武汉。故选A。
57. 推理判断题。根据表格中Mar18, 2020-Apr28, 2020部分Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions(4
月8日:武汉取消出境交通限制)可推知，从四月八日起，私家车被允许离开武汉。故选C。
2019年阅读理解应用文
【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The
deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people
under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program.
Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Summer Company
Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and
run their own summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Stewardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects
for eight weeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer
positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for
persons with a disability.
21. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?
A. 15-18. B. 15-24. C. 15-29. D. 16-17.
23. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company.
C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D
【语篇解读】本文为应用文。本文叙述了省政府及其合作伙伴提供了许多项目来帮助学生暑期在找到工
作。
21.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Summer Company 部分中的“Summer Company provides students
with ...awards of up to ＄3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses” 可知“Summer
Company为学生提供高达3000美元的奖励，来开始和经营他们自己的暑期业务”。“start and
run their own summer businesses”即“为开办新的业务”，这对应 B 项中的“runn new
businesses”，二者是词义之间的转述关系。故选B。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】22.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Stewardship Youth Ranger Program 部分中的第二段“Who is eligible:
Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知“符合条件
的学生：16岁或17岁的学生，但在今年12月31日之前未满18岁”。由此得出，这个项目要求年
龄在16-17岁之间。分析选项可知D项符合题意，故选D。
23.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Summer Employment Opportunities部分中的最后一段最后一句“Who is
eligible: ...Some positions require students to be 15to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability”,可知
Summer Employment Opportunities有些职位是给残疾人的。分析选项可知，D项符合题意，故选
D。
【2019年全国卷Ⅱ】My Favourite Books
Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books.
Here she picks her top reads.
Matilda
Roald Dahl
I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation
for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel me parents and the bossy headmisres，Miss
Trunchbull，are equally fumy and frightening，but they're also aspirational.
After Dark
Haruki Murakami
It’s about two sisters-Eri，a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping，and Mari, a young student . In
trying to connect to her sister. Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse ”night people” who are
hiding secrets.
Gone Girl
Gillian Fynn
There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did but the horror story is
brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit
and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable
The Stand
Stephen King
This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes
out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those let. Randall Flagg is one
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】of the scariest characters ever.
21. Who does "I" refer to in the text?
A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.
C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl
22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?
A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda.
C. After Dark. D. The Stand.
23. What kind of book is Gone Girl?)
A. A folk tale. B. A biography.
C. A love story. D. A horror story.
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了作家Jo Usmar最喜欢的书籍。
21.C【解析】细节理解题。由 Matilda 中的“I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald
Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words”可知，我曾经写过一篇
关于童话故事对罗尔德·达尔写作有影响的论文，这篇论文让我对他奇怪而有趣的文字有了新的认识。所
以Jo Usmar在介绍Matilda这本书，用第一人称“I”口吻来说明自己曾经写过一篇关于童话故事对罗尔
德·达尔写作有影响的论文。所以“I”指的是Jo Usmar。故C选项正确。
22.C【解析】细节理解题。由After Dark中的“It’s about two sister-Eri,a model who either won’t or can’t
stop sleeping, and Mari,a young student”可知，故事讲的是两个姐妹---Eri是一个突然一觉不醒的模特。玛丽，
是一个充满青春活力的学生。所以After Dark中讲述了Eri和Mari的故事。故C选项正确。
23.D【解析】细节理解题。由Gone Girl中的“......but the horror story is brilliant”可知，但是这个恐怖的故
事很精彩。所以Gone Girl讲述的是一个恐怖故事。故D选项正确。
【2019年全国卷III】
OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS
Animals Out of Paper
Yolo！Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸
术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.
(West Park Presbyterian Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.)
The Audience
Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings
with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.)
Hamilton
Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is
presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.(Public，425 Lafayette St.212-
967-7555.)
On the Twentieth Century
Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，
about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis
directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd
St.212-719-1300.)
21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?.
A. A type of art. B. A teenager's studio.
C. A great teacher. D. A group of animals.
22. Who is the director of The Audience?
A. Helen Mirren. B. Peter Morgan.
C. Dylan Baker. D. Stephen Daldry.
23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?
A. Animals Out of Paper. B. The Audience.
C. Hamilton. D. On the Twentieth Century.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。这篇文章对一些话剧的开幕和新剧首映进行了介绍。
21.A【解析】细节理解题。根据话剧Animals Out of Paper的Productions and the Great Griffon present the
play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.可知，Rajiv
Joseph创作的的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。故选A。
22.D【解析】细节理解题。根据话剧The Audience的Stephen Daldry directs.可知，本剧是Stephen Daldry导
演的。故选D。
23.C【解析】细节理解题。根据话剧 Hamilton 的 Li-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander
Hamilton in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.可知，话剧Hamilton的主题是美国的
诞生，由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看这部话剧。故选C。
【2019年浙江卷6月】Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby. He finds old military(军队的)medals for sale
in antique stores and on the Internet.But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals’ rightful owners, and
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】returns them.
His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with
the name Corrado A. G. Piccoli, found in an antique shop. Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart-he earned one
himself in a war as a soldier. So when his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.
Through the Internet, Zac tracked down Corrado’s sister Adeline Rockko. But when he finally reached her, the
woman flooded him with questions: "Who are you？What antique shop？" However, when she hung up, she
regretted the way she had handled the call. So she called Zac back and apologized. Soon she drove to meet Zac in
Watertown, N.Y. "At that point, I knew she meant business, " Zac says. "To drive eight hours to come to see me."
The Piccolis grew up the children of Italian immigrants in Watertown. Corrado, a translator for the Army
during WWII, was killed in action in Europe.
Before hearing from Zac, Adeline hadn’t realized the medal was missing. Like many military medals, the one
Zac’s mother had found was a family treasure." This medal was very precious to my parents. Only on special
occasions(场合)would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands," Adeline says.
As a child, Adeline couldn't understand why the medal was so significant. “But as I grew older,” Adeline says,
"and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had left." Corrado Piccoli’s Purple
Heart medal now hangs at the Italian American Civic Association in Watertown.
Zac recently returned another lost medal to a family in Alabama. Since he first reunited Corrado’s medal, Zac
says his record is now 5 for 5.
21. Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself？
A. In the army.
B. In an antique shop.
C. From his mother.
D. From Adeline Rockko.
22. What did Zac realize when Adeline drove to meet him？
A. She was very impolite.
B. She was serious about the medal.
C. She suspected his honesty.
D. She came from a wealthy family.
23. What made Adeline treasure the Purple Heart?
A. Her parents’ advice.
B. Her knowledge of antiques.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】C. Her childhood dream.
D. Her memory of her brother.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。Zachariah Fike有一个不同寻常的业余爱好：他在网上和古董店里寻找旧的
军队勋章，然后将这些勋章归还它们的合法主人。文章主要叙述了他这一爱好的起源。
21.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart—he earned one
himself in a war as a soldier”可知，当Zac还是一名士兵的时候，在一次战争中他获得了一枚Purple Heart。
故A选项正确。
22.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“To drive eight hours to come to see me”可以推知，Adeline
为了那枚Purple Heart开车八个小时来见Zac，由此可知，她对于这件事是认真地。因此，At that point, I
knew she meant business应该指的是Zac意识到Adeline对这枚勋章是认真的。故B选项正确。
23.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Corrado, a translator…was killed in action in Europe”和倒数
第三段中的“as I grew older…and missed my brother more and more, I realized that was the only thing we had
left ”这枚勋章寄托了Adeline对于去世的哥哥Corrado的回忆和思念，这是他们家留下的唯一关于哥哥的
东西了。因此她很珍惜这枚勋章。故D选项正确。
【2019 年北京卷】Want to explore new cultures，meet new people and do something worthwhile at the
same time? You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA).Whatever stage of life you're at，
wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA，you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote
community(社区).
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24.Now we need
volunteer managers aged 25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes.
We have such roles as project managers，mountain leaders，and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose，you could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking
water，or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young
volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally，you'll also learn new skills and increase
your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who'll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:
Schedule
Country
4-week programmes 7-week programmes
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Algeria 5 Jul.- 1Aug. 20Jun. -7Aug.
Egypt 24 Jul-20 Aug. 19Jun.-6 Aug.
Kenya 20 Jul.-16Aug. 18 Jun.-5 Aug.
South Africa 2Aug.-29 Aug. 15 Jun.-2Aug.
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is
needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills
while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
.
Website:wwwglodeve.org
Email:humanresources@glodeve.org
31. What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?
A. To seek local partners B. To take in young volunteers
C. To carry out programmes D. To foster cultural awareness
32. The programme beginning in August will operate in__________.
A. Egypt B. Algeria C. Kenya D. South Afria
33. The shared goal of GDA’s projects to __________.
A. explore new cultures B. protect the environment
C. gain corporate benefit D. help communities in need
【答案】31. C 32. D 33. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，这是一篇招聘志愿者的广告。（本文是一则广告。文章主要是招
募一些志愿者管理者来试试这个计划，以及阐述了志愿者管理者的主要职责。）
31. C 细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中 Depending on which role you
choose, you could help to increase ...,or help to project....You might also design...可知，根据岗位不同，
管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，
从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。
32. D细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week programmes中的
最后一个，可知答案选D。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】33. D 细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据倒数第二段中All our projects aim to
promote the development of poor and remote communities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，
即帮助有需要的小区。故选D。
【2019年江苏卷】
Whatever your age or interests, Buxton has
something to see or do to make your visit
truly memorable.
High energy
If you desire physical activities, you can
choose activities from swimming to horse
riding. Explore the heights with Go Ape, the
high wire forest adventure course, or journey beneath the
earth at Poole's Cavern. And don't forget: we are surrounded
by a natural playground just perfect for walking, caving,
climbing and cycling.
High minded
Buxton is justifiably proud of its cultural life and you' ll
find much to suit all tastes with art, music, opera and the
performing arts at Buxton Opera House & Pavilion Arts
Centre and Green Man Gallery. There are plenty of
opportunities for the creative person to become involved,
including workshops and events.
Keeping the kids
happy
Children love the small train and playgrounds in the
Pavilion Gardens and there’s plenty more to explore
at the Buxton Museum. There's a new indoor play
centre, plus the special events and workshops, and
others during school holiday periods
56. If you want to take an underground journey, which place is the best choice?
A. Pole's Caven. B. Pavilion Gardens.
C. Buxton Museum. D. Green Man Gallery.
57. Buxton Open House & Pavilion Arts Centre is special because it offers ________.
A. rides in small trains
B. courses in modern arts
C. artistic and cultural activities
D. basic courses in horse riding
【答案】56. A 57. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说应用文。短文向游客介绍了去布克斯顿旅游可以去的一些景点的相关信息。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】56.A 【解析】细节理解题。由High energy中的“...... journey beneath the earth at Poole's Cavern”可知，在
Poole's Cavern，可以在地下旅行，也就是乘坐地铁旅行。所以如果你想乘地铁旅行，Poole's Cavern
是你最好的选择。故A选项正确。
57.C 【解析】细节理解题。由High minded中的“Buxton is justifiably proud of it’s cultural life and you will
find much to suit all tastes with art ,music,opera,and the performing arts at Buxton Opera House&Pavilion
Arts Center and Green Man Gallery”可知，Buxton 以其丰富的文化生活而自豪，在 Buxton Opera
House&Pavilion Arts Center and Green Man Gallery，您将发现许多适合各种品味的艺术、音乐、歌剧
和表演艺术。所以Buxton Opera House&Pavilion Arts Center特别是因为它提供艺术和文化活动。故
C选项正确。
【2019年天津卷】History Fair Competition
Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.
History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we
are today and who we will become. Thornton fiddle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history
exciting，engaging，and fun！
This Year's Theme
All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of
life for Americans throughout history. To many people，technology means computers，hand-held devices，or
vehicles that travel to distant planets. However，technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve
a problem，touching lives in countless ways.
Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories：
·Performance
·Documentary（纪实作品）
·Essay Writing
Category Requirements
Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used，
they should truly represent a given period.
Documentary: A visual presentation（such as a video，slide show，or computer project）no more than 10
minutes long. A desktop computer，screen，projector，and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide
their presentations on CDs before Friday，March 23.
Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2，000 to 2，500 words. No illustrations（图解）are allowed. Please
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】do not include covers. A list of references must be included.
Important Dates
January 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal
if the first is off-topic or unclear.
February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay，performance script（剧本），or documentary
highlights.
February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an
opportunity to improve their products.
March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.
March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview
March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
7：00A. M-9：00A. M Participants signing in at the gym
10：00A. M. -6：00PM. Competition and judges' review
7：00P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic
36. According to Paragraph 1，what is the major goal of understanding history？
A. To preserve national traditions.
B. To prepare for a history competition.
C. To better know the present and future.
D. To further explore historical mysteries.
37. What is the theme of this year's competition？
A. Technology advances science.
B. Science interacts with technology.
C. Science has made the study of history easy.
D. Technology has improved the life of Americans.
.
38. Among the items provided by the school for a visual presentation are__________
A. special clothes and a screen
B. a desktop computer and a CD
C. a projector and special clothes
D. a desktop computer and loudspeakers
39. What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement?
A. Include more information in the essay.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B. Remove the references.
C. Provide a cover for the essay.
D. Explain the details with illustrations.
40. What will the committee of teachers do on February 19?
A. Preview performances and documentaries.
B. Make comments on the materials.
C. Improve the participant's first draft.
D. Collect a second proposal from the participant.
【答案】36. C 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了桑顿中学举办的历史展览竞赛的相关信息。
36. C【解析】细节理解题。由第一段“It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become”可
知，历史告诉了今天我们是谁，将来我们要成为谁，它是我们重要的组成部分。所以根据第一段，了
解历史的主要目地是更好地了解现在和未来。故C选项正确。
37. D 【解析】细节理解题。由This Year’s Theme中的“All participants must address how communication
or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history ”可知，所
有的参与者都必须要说明通信或运输技术如何在整个历史过程中如何提高了美国人的生活质量。所以
今年竞赛的主题是：技术提高了美国人的生活。故D选项正确。
38. D【解析】细节理解题。由 Documentary中的“A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeaker
will be available”可知，将提供台式电脑、屏幕、投影仪和扬声器。所以学校提供的视觉展示设备包
括台式电脑和扩音器。故D选项正确。
39. A【解析】细节理解题。本题采用排除法。由 Essay Writing 中的“An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,5000
words ”No illustration are allowed。Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included”可
知，要求一份2000至25000字的学术论文。不允许有插图。请不要包括封面。必须包括一份参考文献
列表。所以通过排除法，可以看出B，C，D选项都被排除，故一个参与者需要在文章中列入更多的
信息才能使一篇1500字的论文满足类别要求。故A选项正确。
40. B【解析】细节理解题。由 Important Dates 中的“February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate
materials and give opinions ”可知，2月19日，教师委员会将对材料进行评估并发表意见。所以在 2
月19日。教师委员会将对材料做出评论。故B选项正确。
【2022年北京卷】My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my
ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I
did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.
One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation
not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a
pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-
on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.
A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that
this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new and
more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth
for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to
completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect
nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.
I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍 )
this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so
many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every
opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our
action.
24. What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety?
A. Her inability to act her age. B. Her habit of consumption.
C. Her desire to be perfect. D. Her lack of inspiration.
25. How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice?
A. She decided to do something for nature. B. She tasted the sweetness of friendship.
C. She learned about the harm of desire. D. She built up her courage to speak up.
26. The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________.
A. intelligent B. confident C. innovative D. critical
27. What can we learn from this passage?
A. Practice makes perfect. B. Patience is a cure of anxiety.
C. Action is worry’s worst enemy. D. Everything comes to those who wait.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C
【解题导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。
24.【解析】
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】细节理解题。由文章第一段“My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at
whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.(我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根
源：无论我做什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但它消耗了我。)”可知，是要求完美
导致了焦虑。故选C项。
25.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第二段“One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my
high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a
difference in the world. (一天，我在高中参加了野生动物保护主义者Grant Brown的演讲。他的演讲不仅让
我感到敬畏和鼓舞，还帮助我产生了一种内在的愿望，希望在世界上有所作为。)”和文章第三段“
Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups
were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part
of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. (在我收到他的邀请后不久，我的高中就收
到了加入“Youth for Nature”和“Youth for Plane”组织的申请。我决定致力于完成这些申请，很快我就成为
了一个日益壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。)”可知，是Grant Brown让作者开始为从事保护自然
地活动中。故选A项。
26.【解析】
细节理解题。由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a
growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my
confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都
让我更加自信。)”可知，Alice 加入这些活动让她变得更自信了。故选B项。
27.【解析】
推理判断题。由第一段“ Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱 ) my ability to do
anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.”（去年年初，我被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了我做任何事情
的能力。）由文章第三段“I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a
growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my
confidence.(我决定完成申请，很快我就成为了一个不断壮大的全球年轻人保护自然团队的一员。每一步都
让我更加自信。)可知，文章主要讲述作者通过参加保护自然活动治愈好了自己的焦虑。所以从文章中我
们能学到行动是忧虑最大的敌人。故选C项。
2021年记叙文
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare on stage beside pianist Maria
Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so
I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four
years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn’t have to break the
flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure
you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to
50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has
their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for
the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr Titterton said,
“Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once
asked her husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner,” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I
have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ “Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
24. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?
A. Read music. B. Play the piano.
C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
25. Which of the following best describes Titterton’s job on stage?
A. Boring. B. Well-paid.
C. Demanding. D. Dangerous.
26. What does Titterton need to practise?
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
27. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worse page turner”?
.
A He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Robert Titterton和他的工作情况。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her
performance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria的表演中帮助她)”可知，
Titterton因为识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“A lot of skills are needed for the job. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages
at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.(这项工作需要
很多技能。你必须确保你不会一次翻两页并且必要的时候确保你回到前面找到音乐重复的部分)”可知，为
钢琴家翻页这项工作很需要技巧。由此推知，Titterton的工作要求是很高的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of
“nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每
个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton需要和钢琴演
奏者练习识别他们的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他
对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Raspopova的丈夫
因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选 D
项。
【2021年北京卷】I remember the day during our first week of class when we were informed about our
semester（学期） project of volunteering at a non-profit organization．When the teacher introduced us to the
different organizations that needed our help，my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first
impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in
mind．
Then，an OIC representative gave us some details，which somewhat interested me．After doing some
research， I believed that we could really do something for those kids．When I went online to the OIC website，I
saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望）
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】and need that I joined this project without hesitation．We decided to collect as many school supplies as possible，
and make them into kits——one kit，one child．
The most rewarding day for our group was project day，when all the efforts we put into collecting the items
finally came together．When I saw the various supplies we had collected，it hit me that every kit we were to build
that day would eventually be in the hands of an Iraqi child．Over the past four months，I had never imagined how
I would feel once our project was completed．While making the kits，I realized that I had lost sight of the true
meaning behind it．I had only focused on the fact that it was another school project and one I wanted to get a good
grade on．When the kits were completed，and ready to be sent overseas，the warm feeling I had was one I would
never forget．
In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person．Now that our project is
over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will
now be able to further their education．
24. How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning？
A. It would affect his/her initial plans．
B. It would involve traveling overseas．
.
C It would not bring him/her a good grade．
D. It would not live up to his/her expectations．
25. What mainly helped the author change his/her attitude toward the project？
A. Images of Iraqi children． B. Research by his/her classmates．
C. A teacher's introduction． D. A representative's comments．
26. The author's OIC project group would help ten Iraqi children to________．.
A. become OIC volunteers B. further their education
C. study in foreign countries D. influence other children
27. What can we conclude from this passage？
A. One's potential cannot always be underrated．
B. First impression cannot always be trusted．
C. Actions speak louder than words．
D. He who hesitates is lost．
【答案】24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者一开始认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望，但是最后通
过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“When the teacher introduced us to the different organizations that needed our help，
my last choice was Operation Iraqi Children （OIC）．My first impression of the organization was that it was not
going to make enough of a difference with the plans I had in mind．”（当老师向我们介绍了需要
我们帮助的不同组织时，我最后的选择是伊拉克儿童行动(OIC)。我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我
心中的计划产生足够的影响。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动项目不会达到他的期望。故选
D。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When I went online to the OIC website，I saw pictures of the Iraqi children．Their
faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望） and need that I joined this project without
hesitation．”（当我上网访问OIC 网站时，我看到了伊拉克儿童的照片。他们的脸上传递的信息是绝望和
需要帮助，我毫不犹豫地加入了这个项目。）可知，伊拉克儿童图片帮助作者改变了他对这个项目的态度。
故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but
ten．With our efforts，ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．”（现在我们的项
目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我们的努力下，10名男孩
和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，作者的伊拉克儿童行动组织帮助十个伊拉克儿童继续接受教育。
故选B。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My first impression of the organization was that it was not going to make enough of a
difference with the plans I had in mind．”（我对这个组织的第一印象是，它不会对我心中的计划产生足够
的影响。）和最后一段“In the beginning，I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another
person．Now that our project is over，I realize that I have affected not only one life，but ten．With our efforts，
ten young boys and girls will now be able to further their education．”（一开始，我鼓励自己去改变另一个人
的生活。现在我们的项目结束了，我意识到我不仅影响了一个人的生活，而且影响了十个人的生活。在我
们的努力下，十名男孩和女孩现在将能够继续接受教育。）可知，一开始作者认为加入伊拉克儿童行动不
会达到他的期望，但是最后通过努力对自己和他人带来影响，说明第一印象不总是可信的。故选B。
【2021年浙江卷6月】Leslie Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star
in his life — his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】to make a career (职业) in acting. Even though he often felt he would be discovered to be a no-talent, he moved
forward, gaining a scholarship to the Neighborhood Playhouse and making his first television appearance a few
years later in 1948. However, becoming a full-time, successful actor would still be an uphill battle for another eight
years until he landed a number of film roles that finally got him noticed.
But even then, what he had wasn’t quite what he wanted. Nielsen always felt he should be doing comedy but
his good looks and distinguished voice kept him busy in dramatic roles. It wasn’t until 1980 — 32 years into his
career — that he landed the role it would seem he was made for in Airplane! That movie led him into the second
half of his career where his comedic presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie
reviewers would not rate it highly.
Did Nielsen then feel content in his career? Yes and no. He was thrilled to be doing the comedy that he always
,
felt he should do but even during his last few years, he always had a sense of curiosity, wondering what new role
or challenge might be just around the comer. He never stopped working, never retired.
Leslie Nielsen’s devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring. He built a hugely successful career with little
more than plain old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can
make for a remarkable life.
1. Why did Nielsen want to be an actor?
A. He enjoyed watching movies. B. He was eager to earn money.
.
C. He wanted to be like his uncle D. He felt he was good at acting.
2. What do we know about Nielsen in the second half of his career?
A. He directed some high quality movies. B. He avoided taking on new challenges.
C. He focused on playing dramatic roles. D. He became a successful comedy actor.
3. What does Nielsen’s career story tell us?
A. Art is long, life is short. B. He who laughs last laughs longest.
C. It’s never too late to learn. D. Where there’s a will there’s a way.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Leslie Nielsen的演艺生涯。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“his uncle, who was a well-known actor. The admiration and respect his uncle
earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting. (他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。Nielsen的叔叔所赢得的钦
佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，Nielsen想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“That movie led him into the second half of his career where his comedic
presence alone could make a movie a financial success even when movie reviewers would not rate it highly. (这部
电影使他进入了职业生涯的后半段，即使影评人对这部电影评价不高，但仅仅凭他的喜剧表演就可以使这
部电影获得经济上的成功)”可知，在Nielsen职业生涯的后半段，他成了一个成功的喜剧演员。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章最后一段“He built a hugely successful career with little more than plain
old hard work and determination. He showed us that even a single desire, never given up on, can make for a
remarkable life. (他凭借平凡的努力和决心建立了一个非常成功的事业。他告诉我们，即使是只有一个愿望，
永不放弃，也能成就非凡的人生)”可推知，Nielsen的职业经历告诉我们：有志者事竟成。故选D项。
【2021年浙江卷1月】 More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he
played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4-year-old
decided his brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.
That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and
then in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania.
As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley couldn't help but wonder about his hometown back
in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn't know his town's name, finding a small neighborhood in a
vast country proved to be impossible.
Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program's
satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town's
central business district from a bird's-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-
platform train station”—and there it was. "And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain"-and there it
was. Everything just started to match.
When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance.
"There's something about me, " he thought—and it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she
used to look like.
In an interview Brierley says, "My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth and
walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it was
like a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didn't know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would
ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her. ”
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】1．Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago?
A．He got on a train by mistake.
B．He got lost while playing in the street.
C．He was taken away by a foreigner.
D．He was adopted by an Australian family.
2．How did Brierley find his hometown?
A．By analyzing old pictures.
B．By travelling all around India.
C．By studying digital maps.
D．By spreading his story via his book.
3．What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview?
A．His love for his mother.
B．His reunion with his mother.
C．His long way back home.
D．His memory of his hometown.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布尔利小时候意外走失，长大后通过自己努力找回家人的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“When he woke up and found himself alone: the 4-year-old decided his
brother might be on the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.(当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断
他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车)”以及第二段中“That train took him a thousand miles
across the country to a totally strange city.(那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔
利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。
2．细节理解题。通过文章第四段“Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his
hometown in the program’s satellite pictures.(然后他找到了一个数字地图程序。他花了数年时间在该节目的卫
星图片中寻找家乡)”以及“Everything just started to match.(一切都开始匹配了）”可知，布尔利是通过研究
数字地图找到家乡的。故选C项。
3．细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“In an interview Brierley says: “My mother looked so much shorter than I
remembered. But she came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the
chemical in my brain, you know: it was like nuclear fusion（核聚变）. just didn’t know what to say: because I
never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.(在一次采访中，布
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】尔利说：“我妈妈看起来比我记忆中矮多了。但是她走了出来，朝我走来，我也向着她走去，我的感情、
眼泪和大脑里的化学物质，你知道的：就像发生了核聚变。只是不知道该说些什么：因为我从没想过见到
我母亲会成为现实。我就在这里，站在她面前。)”可知，作者在采访中讲述了他和母亲的团聚。故选B项。
【2021年天津卷第二次】When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need
that I felt to work with language. Having said that, I did not know for a long time what I was looking for. It was not
until I followed this feeling to its source that I discovered I had a passion fbr writing. With some encouragement
from my colleagues, I had one of my poems published. This bit of success, however, was the point where my
problem began.
Back in 1978, I had to travel between three different campuses in the morning, teaching freshman
composition. Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons. I composed my lectures
on the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned home, there was not enough of me left fbr
writing after a full working day.
As a way out, I decided to get up two hours before my usual time. My alarm was set fbr 5:00 A.M. The first
day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second day I set two clocks, one on my night table,
and one out in the hallway. I had to jump out of bed and run to silence it before my family was awoken. This was
when my morning writing began.
Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many
excuses for not writing. I wrote my poems in this manner for nearly ten years before my first book was published.
When I decided to write a novel, I divided my two hours: the first for poetry, the second fbr fiction. Well or badly, I
wrote at least two pages a day. This is how my novel, The Line of the Sun. was finished. If I had waited to have the
time, I would still be waiting to write my novel.
What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in control. For many people, the initial
sense of urgency to create easily dies away because it requires making the tough decision: taking the time to create,
stealing it from yourself if ifs the only way.
41. What motivated the author to start her writing career?
A. Her strong wish to share.
B. Her keen interest in writing.
C. Her urgent need to make a living.
D. Her passionate desire fbr fame.
42. What problem did the author face when she decided to begin her writing?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A. She was too exhausted to write after a busy day.
B. She had trouble in deciding on her writing style.
C. She had to take time to discipline her daughter.
D. She was unsure about her writing skills.
43. Why did the author place an alarm clock in the hallway?
A. In case the clock in her room broke down.
B. In case she failed to hear the ringing.
C. To force herself out of bed.
D. To wake up her family.
44. How did the author manage to finish her novel?
A. By sticking to writing every morning.
B. By writing when her mind was most active.
C. By drawing inspirations from classic novels.
D. By reducing her teaching hours at school.
45. What can we learn from the author's success in her writing career?
A. It is never too late to change your job.
B. Imaginative ideas die away if not taken in time.
C. A tight schedule is no excuse fbr lack of action.
D. Daily life provides ideas fbr creative writing.
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. C 44. A 45. C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When people ask me how I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent
need that I felt to work with language.” 当人们问我是如何开始写作的时候，我发现自己在描述一种对语言
的迫切需求。可知，促使作者开始她的写作生涯的原因是她对写作的强烈兴趣。故选B项。
【42题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“When I returned home, there was not enough of me left fbr writing after a full
working day.”当我回到家时，在工作了一整天后，我写东西的精力已经不够了。可知，当作者决定开始写
作时，因为她忙碌了一天之后，她筋疲力尽，无法再写作了。故选A项。
【43题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The first day I shut it off because I had placed it within arm's reach. The second
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】day I set two clocks, one on my night table, and one out in the hallway. ”第一天我把它关掉了，因为我把它放
在触手可及的地方。第二天，我调了两个钟，一个放在床头柜上，一个放在走廊上。可知，作者在走廊里
放了一个闹钟的原因是为了强迫自己起床。故选C项。
【44题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Since that first morning in 1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not
making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直
到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，作者能够写小说的原因是坚持每天早上写作。故选A项。
【45题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I got out of getting up in the dark to work is the feeling that I am in
control.”我从摸黑起床工作中得到的是一种掌控一切的感觉。以及文章第四段“Since that first morning in
1978, I have been following the habit to this day, not making or accepting many excuses for not writing.”从1978
年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，紧凑的日程并不
是不采取行动的借口。故选C项。
2020年记叙文
【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】Jenifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college
student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from
University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.
Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from
the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college,
working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After
graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.
Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her
career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau
Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year
degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jenifer received
great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills,
and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.
Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲)to
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. ''Some nights my
heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,'' she says. However, her
children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation
graduate and an inspiration to her family-and that's pretty powerful.
4. What did Jennifer do after high school?
A. She helped her dad with his work.
B. She ran the family farm on her own.
C. She supported herself through college.
D. She taught her sisters and brothers at home.
5. Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield?
A. To take care of her kids easily. B. To learn from the best nurses.
C. To save money for her parents. D. To find a well-paid job there.
6. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?
A. Her health. B. Her time with family.
C. Her reputation. D. Her chance of promotion.
7. What can we learn from Jenifer's story?
A. Time is money. B. Love breaks down barriers.
C. Hard work pays off. D. Education is the key to success.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大学教育的情况下，通过自己的努力，
以及家人的帮助完成了四年学位。她的努力不仅让自己以优异的成绩毕业，还给家人，尤其是她的三个孩
子树立了榜样，让他们得到了激励。
4. 细节理解题。根据第二段的After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her
tuition, because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.(高中毕业后，Jennifer上了一所当地
的技术学院来支付她的学费，因为家里没有额外的钱用来支付大学教育)可知，高中毕业后Jennifer通过自
己挣钱来完成大学教学，因为家里没有额外的钱。C. She supported herself through college.(她自食其力读完
了大学)符合以上说法，故选C项。
5. 细节理解题。根据第三段的She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Misnistry Saint Joseph’s Hospital in
Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be
home in the evening to help with her kids.(她选择了位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目，
因为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课，晚上可以回家照顾孩子)可知，Jennifer
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】选择位于马什菲尔德的圣约瑟夫医院的UW-Eau Claire项目是因为离家近，这样便于照顾她的三个孩子。
A. To take care of her kids easily.(为了方便照顾她的孩子)符合以上说法，故选A项。
6. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的Jennifer sacrificed to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and
missing important events to study.(Jennifer为了实现自己的目标牺牲了很多，她放弃了很多个和孩子待在一起
的晚上，错过了很多重要的活动)可知，为了实现自己的目标Jennifer放弃了和家人待在一起的时光。B.
Her time with family.(她与家人的时光)符合以上说法，故选B项。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段的Through it all, she remind in good academic standing and graduated with
honors.(虽然经历了这些，但她一直保持着良好的学术地位，并以优异的成绩毕业)和However, her children
have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and
an inspiration to her family-and that’s the pretty powerful.(然而，她的孩子们在见证母亲获得学位的过程中得
到了重要的一课。Jennifer是第一代毕业生，这对她的家庭来说是一种激励--这是非常强大的。)可知，
Jennifer在艰苦的环境中通过自己的努力不仅以优异的成绩毕业，还给孩子树立了榜样，同时也让家人得到
了激励。由此推测，我们可以从Jennifer的故事中学到:努力总会有回报。C. Hard work pays off.(努力会得到
回报)符合以上说法，故选C项。
2019年记叙文
【2019年北京卷】Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business
AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the
invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth，instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered
a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But
Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why
can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to
it?" With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she
do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe
that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.
Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral
bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product-Cancandy.
As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic
about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can
have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded
her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help
others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination,
it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?
A. She argued with him. B. She tried to find a way out.
C. She paid no attention. D. She chose to consult dentists.
35. What is special about CanCandy?
A. It is beneficial to dental health. B. It is free of sweeteners.
C. It is sweeter than other candies. D. It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
36. What does Moore expect from her business?
A. To earn more money. B. To help others find smiles.
C. To make herself stand out. D. To beat other candy companies.
37. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?
A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B. A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C. Positive thinking and action result in success.
D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. B 37. C
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alice Moore，一个年轻有为的创业者的故事，故事告诉我
们：积极的思考和行动会带来成功。
34. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段的But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get
round the warning, "Why can’t I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't
say no to it? "及下文她想方设法最终制作出了叫CanCandy的糖果可知，她对父亲的警告的反应是：
她试图找到一条出路。故选B。
35. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using
natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.可知，因此，这种糖只使用天然甜味剂，可以减少
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】口腔细菌，因此它对牙齿有利。故选A。
36. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的 Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their
smiles.可知，Moor想用她独特的才能帮助别人找到他们的笑容。故选B。
37. C 【解析】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了Moor的创业故事，她之所以能成功源于面对问题和困难时，
她乐观的看待问题，积极的想方设法去解决问题。因此，通过她的故事让我们懂得积极的思考和行
动会带来成功。故选C。
2022年阅读理解说明文
【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝
麻菜)was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then
friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad.
Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.
In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” as
Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. It’s jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away
— from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into
restaurant garbage cans.
Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food
waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest
producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
If that’s hard to understand, let’s keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin
sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 bones of donated strawberries nearing their last
days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy
meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有
瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and
freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.
,
Such methods seem obvious yet so often we just don’t think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste,
whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not
include the side dish you won’t eat,” Curtin says.
4. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?
A. We pay little attention to food waste. B. We waste food unintentionally at times.
C. We waste more vegetables than meat. D. We have good reasons for wasting food.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】5. What is a consequence of food waste according to the test?
A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.
C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.
6. What does Curtin’s company do?
A. It produces kitchen equipment. B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.
C. It helps local farmers grow fruits. D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.
7. What does Curtin suggest people do?
A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.
.
C Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants less often.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们日常生活中的食物浪费现象以及华盛顿DC中央厨房的首席
执行官科廷为解决食物浪费而采取的努力。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste.(像我们大多数人
一样，我努力关注那些被浪费的食物)”及“But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had
unthinkingly bought way too much; could have made six salads with what I threw out.(但随着时间的推移，芝麻
菜变坏了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地买了太多东西；我扔掉的东西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通
过讲述芝麻菜的故事来表明我们有时会无意间浪费食物。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other, resources used to
grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it
would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”(生产没人吃的食物会浪费用于种植食物的
水、燃料和其他资源。这使得食物浪费成为一个环境问题。事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个
国家，它将是世界上第三大温室气体排放国。”)”可知，根据文中的说法，浪费食物的一个后果是对环境
的危害。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington. D.C., which recovers
food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations
and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce, that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.(科廷是华盛顿DC中央厨房的
首席执行官，该公司把食物复原，变成健康的食物。去年，该组织通过接受捐赠和收集有瑕疵的农产品，
收回了超过807500磅的食物，否则这些农产品就会在地里腐烂。草莓呢？志愿者们将清洗、切割、冷冻或
干燥它们，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人们不想要的食物重新制作食物。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more
food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won’t eat,”
Curtin says.(“每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是在每周的购物中不购买不必要的食物，还是
要求餐馆不包括你不吃的配菜，”科廷说)”可知，科廷建议人们只买需要的东西来避免浪费食物。故选
A。
【2022年全国乙卷】The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as
Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per
100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）. It is believed that today's children and teenagers
are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make £520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six
months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate £240m for the year
ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制
造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of
manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been
forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar
content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to
change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax,
as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by
raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation
to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.
12. Why was the sugar tax introduced?
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks.
C. To protect children’s health. D. To encourage research in education.
13. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?
A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their products.
C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products’ sugar content.
14. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?
A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke.
15. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?
A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story.
C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及青少年的健康
问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks
containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity .（该税于2016年4
月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。）”可知，征收糖税的目
的是帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar
levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax.（此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半
的软饮料的含糖量，以避免纳税。）”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the
sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most
alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.（然而，
一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶
为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。）”可知，糖税
主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive
influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.
（根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了
数百万英镑）”可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故选B项。
【2022年全国乙卷】The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as
Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per
100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）. It is believed that today's children and teenagers
are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make £520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six
months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate £240m for the year
ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制
造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of
manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been
forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar
content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to
change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax,
as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by
raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation
to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.
12. Why was the sugar tax introduced?
A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks.
C. To protect children’s health. D. To encourage research in education.
13. How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?
A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their products.
C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products’ sugar content.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】14. From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?
A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke.
15. What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?
A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story.
C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国政府对软饮料征收的糖税来解决儿童以及青少年的健康
问题，同时该收入用于学校体育。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks
containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity .（该税于2016年4
月首次宣布，适用于每100毫升含糖超过5g的软饮料，旨在帮助减少儿童肥胖。）”可知，征收糖税的目
的是帮助儿童减少肥胖。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar
levels cut by manufacturers so they can avoid paying the tax.（此前，制造商已经降低了商店中销售的超过一半
的软饮料的含糖量，以避免纳税。）”可知，一些饮料公司通过降低了产品的含糖量来避税。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中的“However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the
sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most
alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.（然而，
一些高糖品牌，如经典可口可乐，已经接受了糖税，并拒绝改变，因为担心会惹恼消费者。果汁、以牛奶
为原料的饮料和大多数酒精饮料是免税的，每年生产不到100万升的小公司也是免税的。）”可知，糖税
主要来自经典可口可乐这些高糖品牌。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Today’s figures, according to one government official, show the positive
influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities and healthier eating in schools.
（根据一位政府官员的说法，今天的数据显示了糖税的积极影响，它为学校的体育设施和健康饮食筹集了
数百万英镑）”可推断，糖税政策的实施是一个成功的政策。故选B项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【2022年浙江卷1月】 The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there ?s a new bonus to
add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be
nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less
sporty women.
Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are
exciting because ifs possible that improving people's cardiovascular （'ll、血管 ）fitness in middle age could
delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. ”
For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to
measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103
watts.
A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were
in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80
watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other
cardiovascular problems.
These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of
the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent
of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.
"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only
shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of
dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a
relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be
applicable to other groups.
4. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?
A. Positive effects of doing exercises.
B. Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.
C. Experimental studies on diseases.
D. Advantages of sporty woman over man
5. Why did the researchers ask the woman to do bicycle exercise?
A. To predict their maximum heart rate.
B. To assess their cardiovascular capacity
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】C. To change their habits of working out
D. To detect their potential health problems
6. What do we know about Dr Horder's study?
A. It aimed to find a cure for dementia.
B. Data collection was a lengthy process.
C. Some participants withdrew from it.
D. The results were far from satisfactory.
7. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia
B. Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise
C. Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia
D. Biking Improves Women*s Cardiovascular Fitness
【答案】7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了经常锻炼的中年女性在老年时罹患失智症的几率会大大降低。 【7
题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段 “New researchers found that middle-aged women who were
physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智症）in later life, and as they did, it
came on a decade later than less sporty women."（新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的
可能性要低近90%, 而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。）可知，
第一段提到了健身锻 炼的好处。故选A项。
【8题详解】
细节理解 题。 根据 上文 “These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's
cardiovascular fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia.r （这些发现令
人兴奋，因为在 中年时改善人们的心血管健康可能会延缓甚至防止他们患上痴呆症。）以及本段“For the
study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure
their peak cardiovascular capacity.”（在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试，
直到她们精疲力竭，以 测量她们的心血管峰值能力。）可知，做这项实验的目的是为了测试女性的心血
管峰值能力。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段 “These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four
decades."（这些女性在随后的四十年里测试了六次失智症状况。）可知，此次实验的数据收集是一个长期
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】的 过程。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could
be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智症）in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade
later than less sporty women."（新的研宄人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近
90%, 而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。）以及文章后面几段
通过列举 实验目的、过程、方式、结果等，说明了身体健康的中年女性在老年时患失智症的几率会大大
降低。故选C 项。
2021年阅读理解说明文
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】An Australian professor is developing a robot to monitor the health of grazing
cattle, a development that could bring big changes to a profession that's relied largely on a low-tech approach for
decades but is facing a labor shortage.
Salah Sukkarieh, a professor at the University of Sydney, sees robots as necessary given how cattlemen are
aging. He is building a four-wheeled robot that will run on solar and electric power. It will use cameras and sensors
to monitor the animals. A computer system will analyze the video to determine whether a cow is sick. Radio tags
(标签) on the animals will measure temperature changes. The quality of grassland will be tracked by monitoring
the shape, color and texture (质地) of grass. That way, cattlemen will know whether they need to move their
cattle to another field for nutrition purposes.
Machines have largely taken over planting, watering and harvesting crops such as com and wheat, but the
monitoring of cattle has gone through fewer changes.
For Texas cattleman Pete Bonds, it's increasingly difficult to find workers interested in watching cattle. But
Bonds doesn't believe a robot is right for the job. Years of experience in the industry - and failed attempts to use
technology - have convinced him that the best way to check cattle is with a man on a horse. Bonds, who bought his
first cattle almost 50 years ago, still has each of his cowboys inspect 300 or 400 cattle daily and look for signs that
an animal is getting sick.
Other cattlemen see more promise in robots. Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president of the Oklahoma
Cattlemen's Association, said a robot could be extremely useful given rising concerns about cattle theft. Cattle tend
to be kept in remote places and their value has risen, making them appealing targets.
12. What is a problem with the cattle-raising industry?
A. Soil pollution. B. Lack of workers.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】C. Aging machines. D. Low profitability.
13. What will Sukkarieh's robot be able to do?
A. Monitor the quality of grass. B. Cure the diseased cattle.
C. Move cattle to another field. D. Predict weather changes.
14. Why does Pete Bonds still hire cowboys to watch cattle?
A. He wants to help them earn a living. B. He thinks men can do the job better.
C. He is inexperienced in using robots. D. He enjoys the traditional way of life.
15. How may robots help with cattle watching according to Michael Kelsey?
A. Increase the value of cattle. B. Bring down the cost of labor.
C. Make the job more appealing. D. Keep cattle from being stolen.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了澳大利亚一名教授正在开发一种机器人，用于监测放牧牛 的健康状
况。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“An Australian professor is developing a robot to monitor the health of grazing
cattle, a development that could bring big changes to a profession that's relied largely on a low-tech approach for
decades but is facing a labor shortage.（澳大利亚一名教授正在开发一种机器人，用于监测放牧牛的健康状况，
这一开发可能会给畜牧业带来重大变化。几十年来，畜牧业主要依靠低技术手段，但目前正面临劳动力短
缺的问题。）”可知，畜牧产业面临劳动力短缺的问题。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The quality of grassland will be tracked by monitoring the shape, color and
texture (质地) of grass.（通过监测草的形状、颜色和质地来跟踪草地的质量。）”可知，Sukkarieh的机器
人可以监测草的质量。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But Bonds doesn't believe a robot is right for the job. Years of experience in the
industry - and failed attempts to use technology - have convinced him that the best way to check cattle is with a
man on a horse.（但邦兹认为机器人并不适合这份工作。多年的行业经验——以及使用技术的失败尝试——
使他确信，检查牛的最好方法是让一名男子骑在马上。）”可知，皮特·邦兹仍然雇佣牛仔看牛是因为他
认为人能做得更好。故选B。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Michael Kelsey Paris, vice president of the Oklahoma Cattlemen's
Association, said a robot could be extremely useful given rising concerns about cattle theft.（俄克拉荷马州养牛
人协会副会长迈克尔·凯尔西·帕里斯说，鉴于人们对偷牛的担忧不断上升，机器人可能会非常有
用。）”可知，机器人帮助照看牛，可以防止牛被偷。故选D。
【2021年全国甲卷】Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomed the
arrival of a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th
black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially
as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously we're all absolutely delighted to welcome
another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. Her mother,
Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job. It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open,
but as soon as the weather warms up, I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing
every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too early to tell if the
calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild. The first rhino to be born at Port
Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and
great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving
the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
4. Which of the following best describes the breeding programme?
A. Costly. B. Controversial. C. Ambitious. D. Successful.
5. What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino?
A. She loves staying with her mother. B. She dislikes outdoor activities.
C. She is in good condition D. She is sensitive to heat.
6. What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?
A. They had their first born in January. B. They enjoyed exploring new places
C. They lived with their grandmothers. D. They were brought to the reserve young
7. What can be inferred about Porn Lympne Reserve?
A. The rhino section will be open to the public.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B. It aims to control the number of the animals.
C. It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D. Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在Port Lympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章第一段“she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve (她成为该保护区出生
的第40头黑犀牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the
reserve and still live there. (他的母亲、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保护区，至今仍住在那里)”可知，保护区的繁
育计划使很多黑犀牛成功存活，可推知，这计划是成功的。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第二段“She's healthy, strong and already eager to play and explore. (她很健康，很强壮，
已经渴望玩耍和探索了)”可知，Paul Beer认为新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。通过文章第一段“When the tinv creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino
to be born at the reserve. (1月31日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时，她成为了第 40头在保护区出生的黑犀
牛)”以及文章倒数第二段“The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother
Kisima and weighed about 32kg. (1月5日，犀牛妈妈Kisima分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在
Port Lympne，体重约为32公斤)”可知，Solio和Kisima的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段“it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned
to protected areas of the wild (要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的好的候选者还为时过早)”可推
知，Pon Lympne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。故选D项。
【2021年全国乙卷】During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think
about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction（干扰）in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a
membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus”. His comment struck me as strange. After
all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）. But I recently came across a study that
shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background, from total
silence to 50 decibels（分贝）, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were
statistically insignificant; however, the participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise
similar to background chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects
were small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85
decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background
noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one’s creative thinking ability. The right level
of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander,
without making it impossible to focus. This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on
creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our offices, we can’t stop
ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus. Indeed, the researchers found
that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee
shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
32. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space?
A. It helps him concentrate. B. It blocks out background noise.
C. It has a pleasant atmosphere. D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.
33. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability?
A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels C. 70 decibels. D. 8 5 decibels.
34. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people?
A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space.
C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions.
35. What can we infer about the author from the text?
A. He’s a news reporter.
B. He’s an office manager.
C. He’s a professional designer.
D. He’s a published writer.
【答案】32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过自身经历讲述人们为什么不喜欢开放性办公室以及有关多少分贝的噪
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】音最有利于人们的创造性思维的研究。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“That’s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street - so I can
focus.（这就是为什么我在街对面的公用办公空间有会员资格——这样我就可以集中精力了。）”可知，采
访者喜欢共享办公空间的原因是那里可以帮助他集中精力。故选A项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however,
the participants in the 70 decibels group - those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee
shop - significantly outperformed the other groups.（大多数组之间的差异在统计学上是不显著的；然而，音量
为70分贝的那组参与者（置身于类似于咖啡店背景噪音的环境中）的表现明显好于其他组。）”和第三段
“But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right level of background
noise - not too loud and not total silence - may actually improve one's creative thinking ability.（但由于70分贝的
结果很显著，该研究还表明，适当的背景噪音——不要太大声，也不要完全安静——实际上可能会提高一
个人的创造性思维能力。）”可知，70分贝的那组参与者表现好于其他组，所以70分贝的噪音背景环境
更有可能促进创造性思维能力。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“So why do so many of us hate our open offices? The problem may be that, in our
offices, we can't stop ourselves from getting drawn into others' conversations while we're trying to focus. Indeed,
the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a
coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.
（那么，为什么我们中有那么多人讨厌开放式办公室呢？问题可能是，在我们的办公室里，当我们试图集
中注意力时，我们无法阻止自己卷入别人的谈话中。的确，研究人员发现，面对面的互动和对话会影响创
作过程，然而，共同工作空间或咖啡馆在提供一定程度的噪音的同时，也提供不受干扰的自由。）”可知，
开放式办公室不受人们欢迎的原因是让我们不断地卷入别人的谈话中，受到很多干扰。故选D 项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think
about often.（在一次采访我的一本书时，我的采访者说了一些我至今还经常想起的话。）”可知，作者提
到有人采访自己的书，所以可以推断，作者是一位作家。故选D项。
【2021年浙江卷1月】 At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins
made predictions about life today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】height were close to the mark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10 miles a day.
Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid
being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15
per cent.
The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families are pressed for time, many with both parents
working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods
with limited public transport.
The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities（机
会）for children to get to know their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and
talk with their young scholar about their day.
Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followed
by "I'm hungry". This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's
day comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental
opportunity to hear more.
Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes（路线）, with days of regular, parent-
accompanied walks. Doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and
takes a little planning-running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and
hats on hot ones-but it's certainly worth trying.
4．Why does the author mention Watkins' predictions in the first paragraph?
A．To make comparisons. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To support her argument. D．To provide examples.
5．What has caused the decrease in Australian children's physical activity?
A．Plain laziness. B．Health problems.
C．Lack of time. D．Security concerns.
6．Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile?
A．She can get relaxed after work. B．She can keep physically fit.
C．She can help with her son's study. D．She can know her son better.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过否定沃特金斯的预言，进而提出现在人们时间的紧缺和陪伴的重要性。
4．B推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Today: in Australia: most children on average fall 2: 000 steps short of the
physical activity they need to avoid being overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 percent of children walked to school
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】while in 2010, it was as low as15 percent.(今天：在澳大利亚：大多数孩子平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少
了2000步。在上世纪70年代初，40%的孩子步行上学，而在2010年，这一比例降至15%)”说明作者根据
沃特金斯的预言做了相关调查，并且写下了这篇文章。通读全文得知作者在第一段提到沃特金斯的预言，
是为了介绍文章主题。故选B项。
5．C细节理解题。通过文章第三段中“Families are pressed for time: many with both parents working to pay
for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited
public transport.(家庭时间紧迫：许多家庭的父母都在为房子买单而工作，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择
的，他们住在公共交通有限的依赖汽车的社区)”可知，导致澳大利亚儿童体育活动的减少的原因是时间不
够。故选C项。
6．D细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段中“But somewhere over the daily walk more about my son’s day
comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parental
opportunity to hear more.(但是，在每天散步的某个地方，更多关于我儿子日常的事情出现了。我听到他在
理解友谊及其局限性。这是一个意想不到的难得的机会，家长听到更多)”说明作者觉得和儿子一起散步能
让她更了解她的儿子。故选D项。
【2021年天津卷第二次】In the fictional worlds of film and TV, artificial intelligence （Al） has been
described as so advanced that it is indistinguishable from humans. But what if we're actually getting closer to a
world where Al is capable of thinking and feeling?
Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on the screen not only in
terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a nod. They look close to a
human, but not quite.
What lies beneath UneeQ9 s digital humans? Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features. Speech
recognition enables them to understand what a person is saying, and natural language processing is used to work
out a response. Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological approach, with a
"digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and "expressed" by its "digital
people".
Shiwali Mohan, an Al scientist at the Palo Research Center, is skeptical of these digital beings. "They're
humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not being human," she says. "Human qualities
also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you break them down; and that takes a lot of
algorithmic (算 法)design. Designing for human-level intelligence is a different attempt than designing images
that behave like humans." She then continues, “If something looks like a human, we have high expectations of
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】them, but they might behave differently in ways that humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans
react.
Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health
care, and commercial sectors （行业）. "Unless these sectors make their business models much more efficient
digitally, they might be left behind," says Chetan Dube, UneeQ9s CEO.
Some other companies are taking their digital beings a step further, enabling organizations and individuals to
create digital humans themselves using free-access platforms they provide. "The biggest motivation for such
platforms is to popularize Al," Dube says.
Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these digital beings and is
optimistic about where they are headed. "As we develop more advanced Al technology, we would then have to use
new ways of communicating with that technology,she says. "'Hopefully, all of that is designed to support humans in
their goals."
46. According to Para. 2, in what respect（s） do UneeQ9s "digital humans" resemble human beings?
A. In the way they move around.
B. In the way they act and react.
C. In observation and analysis.
D. In speech and facial expressions.
47. Soul Machines’digital brain is a technological breakthrough because it .
A. leams to make proper emotional responses
B. tends to imitate human beings' tone vividly
C. recognizes the speech sounds it receives
D. processes the natural language it hears
48. In Mohan's opinion, what human quality is lacking in digital beings?
A. Calculating brain.
.
B Language skills.
C. Instinctive judgements.
D. Problem-solving ability.
49. What makes many sectors employ digital humans?
A. The fear of falling behind in efficiency.
B. The urgency to promote e-commerce.
C. The wish to spread digital technology.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】D. The need to upgrade the health care system.
50. What does Mohan think of the future of digital beings?
A. It's well planned.
B. It is promising.
C. It is uncertain.
D. It's quite hopeless.
【答案】46. D 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. B
【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍许多科技公司正在推进、研发“数字人类”，并被很多部门使用。但
一些科学家对此表示怀疑，并指出了“数字人类”并不是真正的人类，有很多缺陷。但前景还是很有希望
的。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Tech company UneeQ is heading for its "digital humans", which appear life like on
the screen not only in terms of language, but also because of facial movements: raised eyebrows, a smile, even a
nod.”（科技公司UneeQ正在研发一种“数字人”，这种人在屏幕上看起来栩栩如生，不仅因为语言，还
因为面部动作:眉毛扬起、微笑，甚至点头。）由此可知，根据第2段，UneeQ9s的“数字人”在言语和面
部表情上方面与人类相似。故选D项。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Meanwhile, another Al company, Soul Machines, is taking a more biological
approach, with a "digital brain", that imitates aspects of the human brain to adjust the emotions "fblt" and
"expressed" by its “digital people”.”（与此同时，另一家Al公司，灵魂机器公司，正在采取一种更具生物
性的方法，拥有一个“数字大脑”，它模仿人脑的各个方面来调节其“数字人”的“fblt”和“表达”的情
绪。）由此可知，灵魂机器的数字大脑是一项技术突破，因为它倾向于做出适当的情绪反应。故选A项。
【48题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“"They're humanlike in their looks and the way they sound, but that in itself is not
being human," she says. "Human qualities also involve how you think, how you approach problems, and how you
break them down; and that takes a lot of algorithmic (算 法)design, but they might behave differently in ways that
humans just instinctively (直觉地)know how other humans react.”（“他们的外表和声音都像人类，但这本身
不是人类，”她说。“人类的品质还包括你如何思考、如何处理问题以及如何分解问题；这需要大量的算
法设计。但他们的行为方式可能不同，人类只是本能地知道其他人的反应。”）由此判断出，在Mohan看
来，数字人缺少本能的判断。故选C项。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees
across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors （行业）.Unless these sectors make their business
models much more efficient digitally, they might be left behind”（但需求依然存在，UneeQ的数字员工在金融、
医疗和商业行业的使用率很高。除非这些行业将它们的商业模式数字化得更高效，否则它们可能会被甩在
后面）由此可知，害怕效率落后让许多行业使用“数字人类”。故选A项。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mohan is cautious about this approach, yet she supports the purpose behind these
digital beings and is optimistic about where they are headed.”（ Mohan对这种方法持谨慎态度，但她支持这
些数字生物背后的目的，并对他们的未来持乐观态度）由此判断出，Mohan数字人的未来是有希望的。故
选B项。
【2021年天津卷第二次】Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic
mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at
school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort?
Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates
money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they
are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible
experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want
material things anymore, they want to experience life一the arts are a perfect crossover （交迭）between culture
and commerce.
Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social
bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and
their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience.
The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who
frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who
do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people's wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public
Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing
stress, anxiety and blood pressure.
Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with
drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】languages. Kids with preference fbr the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future.
Participating in the arts is essential fbr child development; encouraging children to express themselves in
constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.
Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without
art would be boring and dead still, fbr art is a part of what makes us human.
51. Art products differ from most other commercial products because .
A. most people purchase them for collection
B. they are more expensive and less accessible
C. they have both commercial and cultural values
D. their prices may climb up as time passes
52. By sharing their arts experiences, community members can .
A. keep the community safe from illnesses
B. develop a stronger tie between them
C. learn to appreciate their own works of art
D. offer honourable solutions to their problems
53. What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities?
A. They enjoy better living conditions.
B. They like to compare themselves with others.
C. They are particularly good at both music and art.
D. They tend to be healthier physically and mentally.
54. How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them?
A. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth.
B. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills.
C. It inspires their creativity in designing their future career.
D. It helps to make responsible people out of them.
55. What is the best title for this passage?
A. How Art Cures Our Hearts
B. Art: A Blessing to Humankind
C. How Art Benefits Communities
D. Art: A Bridge Between Cultures
【答案】51. C 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. B
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】【解析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了艺术这一活动对人类的重要意义，是我们不可或缺的社会生活之一。
从赋予商品的商业价值，人类的身心健康和青少年的学术和情感发展等方面论述了艺术的重要意义。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional
and beautiful.”（任何公共空间都是由艺术家精心设计的，既实用又美观。）以及“Art can connect culture
with commercial products in a way that not many other things can”（艺术可以将文化与商业产品联系起来，这
是其他很多东西都做不到的。）可以看出，可见艺术参与的作品兼具文化价值和商业价值。故选择C。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences
through reflection and discussion,, and their expression of common values through artworks in honor of events
significant to a nation's experience.”（当个人通过反思和讨论分享他们的艺术经验，并通过艺术作品表达共
同的价值观，以纪念对一个国家的经验有重要意义的事件时，社会纽带就在他们之间建立起来。），可见
通过分享经历，可以建立一种特殊的联系和纽带。故选择B。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are
more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not”（研究发现，经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动
的人比不经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动的人更容易获得健康;），可见参加艺术活动的人们在身心上都
相对更加健康。故选择D。
【54题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their
education”（参与艺术的孩子在他们的教育中取得更大的成就）以及“encouraging children to express
themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.”（有助于在以后的
生活中形成健康的情感反应。）可见艺术活动促进了孩子们的学业表现和情感成长。故选择A。
【55题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various
purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, fbr art is a part of what makes us human.”（艺术对人类
的生命至关重要，世界各国为各种目的庆祝和使用艺术。没有艺术的生活将是无聊和死气沉沉的，因为艺
术是我们人类的一部分。）可见艺术是人类重要的部分，文章中也详细描述了艺术对不同人群的好处。所
以短文的最佳标题为“艺术:人类的福祉”。故选择B。
【2021年天津卷第一次】 A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】medical hypnosis(催眠)can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the
amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.
“During the examination children don't move. It works perfectly. It's amazing,“ said Johanne L'Ecuyer, a
medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.
The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are
done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia(麻醉）.
A French medical-imaging technologist-also a hypnotist — was invited to train a few members in the medical-
imaging department of the children's hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between
January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.
Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified(改变的)state of consciousness. The technologist will
guide the patient to this modified state—an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the
procedure that follows.
“The technologist must build up a story with the patient," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "The patient is left with the
power to choose what he wants to talk about. Do you play sports? Do you like going to the beach? We establish a
subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure."
Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story — an injection （注射）
becomes the bite of an insect; the heat on the skin becomes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings
becomes a police car passing nearby.
“The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body with what
the patient sees in his head," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a
lot of patience and kindness."
The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. It spread like wildfire that
someone from France was here to train the technologists," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. She added that she had a line of
staff at her door wanting to take the training.
45．One of the results produced by the trial project is ________ .
A．a better understanding of children
B．less use of certain medicines
C．new medical-imaging technology
D．an improved reputation of the hospital
46．The French technologist came to the children's hospital to ________.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】A．assist in treating a patient
B．carry out hypnosis training
C．start up a new department
D．learn about the procedure
47．According to Paragraph 5, hypnosis works by ________.
A．creating a perfect world for patients
B．forcing patients into a state of deep sleep
C．putting patients into an unconscious state
D．leading patients' consciousness away from reality
48．What can we learn about the story used in the procedure?
A．It should keep pace with the procedure.
B．It reflects the patient's creativity.
C．It is selected by the technologist.
D．It tells what doctors are doing to the patient.
49．The procedure was received among the staff with ________.
A．uncertainty
B．enthusiasm
C．worry
D．criticism
50．What is the passage mainly about?
A．An easy way to communicate with patients.
B．The standard method of conducting hypnosis.
C．An introduction of medical-imaging technology.
D．The use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蒙特利尔儿童医院的一个试验项目表明催眠技术的使用可以
减轻病人的痛苦和焦虑。一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部
门培训几位员工。
45．细节理解题。根据第一段“The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to
perform medical-imaging(医学影像)procedures.”（该项目还导致用于医学影像程序的药品数量减少。）可知，
实验的结果之一就是减少某些药物的使用。故选B。
46．细节理解题。根据第三段“A French medical-imaging technologist--also a hypnotist -- was invited to train a
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】few members in the medical-imaging department of the children's hospital.”（一位法国医学影像技术专家——
也是一位催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工）可知，法国技术专家来儿童医院是做催
眠培训来的。故选B。
47．细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified （改变的）
state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state—an imaginary world that will
disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows.”（催眠状态不是一种睡眠的状态：而是一种
被改变的意识状态。技术专家会引导病人进入这种改变的状态——一个想象中的世界，它会越来越脱离接
下来的程序）可知，催眠是引导病人的意识远离现实，进入一个想象中的世界。故选D。
48．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this
story”（催眠过程中接下来发生的一切都必须和这个故事有关）以及倒数第二段“The important thing is that
the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body with what the patient sees in his head”（重
要的是技术专家把病人身体外发生的事情和他在大脑里看到的联系起来）可知，故事必须跟整个催眠过程
同步。故选A。
49．细节理解题。根据倒数第一段“The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in
January.”（这个程序在一月份开始引进的时候，吸引了很多员工）以及最后一句“She added that she had a
line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.”（她补充说，有一队员工在她门口等着接受培训）可知，
这个催眠程序受到了员工的欢迎。A. uncertainty 不确定；B. enthusiasm 热情；C. worry 担心；D. criticism
批评。故选B。
50．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of
medical hypnosis(催眠)can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the
amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging imaging(医学影像) procedures.”（蒙特利尔儿童医院的
一个试验项目表明催眠技术的使用可以减轻病人的痛苦和焦虑。一位法国医学影像技术专家——也是一位
催眠师被邀请到儿童医院的医学影像部门培训几位员工）可知，全文主要讲述催眠技术在医学影像程序中
的应用。故选D。
2022年阅读理解议论文
【2022年天津卷第二次】Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be
useful, to be loving, to make some difference in he world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we rarely
try to follow them in our lives.
Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A
good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain be-cause we spoil our health and even our
character, principles, ideals, and relationships.
What then, is the secret of a good life? A good life is a process, not a state of being : a direction, not a
destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their
happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only
when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work
accordingly to create a better world.
The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty,
we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only
enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling.
However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently,
our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome, those who want to do good to others
also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance.
If love is the engine of a car knowledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks power, th car can’t move;
if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right
knowledge in mind can we lead a good life.
With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the
impact of our good work on the world we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness.
51. What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us?
A. Making us simple-minded B. Making us short-signted.
C. Leading us onto a busy road. D. Keeping us from comfort and luxury.
52. According to the author, how can one gain true happiness?
A. Through maintaining good health.
B. By going through pain and suffering.
C. By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations.
D. Through offering help much needed by others.
53. According to Paragraph 4, doing certain right things with a loving heart makes one________.
A. less selfish B. less annoying
C. more motivated D. more responsible
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】54. In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results?
A. When we have wrong knowledge of the world.
B. When our love for the world is insufficient.
C. When we are insensitive to dangers in life.
D. When we stay blind to the reality.
55. According to Paragraph 5, life can be made truly good when ________.
A. inspired by love and guided by knowledge
B. directed by love and pushed by knowledge
C. purified by love and enriched by knowledge
D. promoted by love and defined by knowledge
.
【答案】51 B 52. D 53. C 54. A 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了美好生活的秘诀是什么。人生的目的不是生而快乐，而是生
而有益。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is
sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering.(这种对美好生活的狭隘看法可能会带来短期的好处，但肯定会导
致长期的伤害和痛苦。)”可知，对美好生活的狭隘看法只能给我们带来短期的好处，所以时间长了会让我
们目光短浅、短视。故选B项。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in
return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness.(我们必须先为他人服务而不求回报，因
为他人的幸福是我们自己幸福的源泉。)”可知，我们能够从帮助他人获得真正的幸福。故选D项。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do,
but also do it with an effortless feeling.(然而，当我们出于热爱做同样的工作时，我们不仅享受我们做的事情，
而且也享受那种毫不费力的感觉。)”可知，带着热爱去做事会让人更加享受做这件事情；越享受做某件事，
做事越有动力。故选C项。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance.(虚假的知识比无知更危
险。)”可以推测出，当我们对世界有错误的认识的时候，就算意图良好，也可能导致不好的、违背预期的
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】结局。故选A项。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing
good to others.(带着爱和知识，我们全力以赴，通过对他人做好事来创造一个更美好的世界。)”可知，有爱
和知识，生活就会变得更美好。故选A项。
2022年阅读理解新闻报道
【2022年全国乙卷】In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy
Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room
schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead,
Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the
subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden,
who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had
undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of
snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the
schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course
influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which
entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and
Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to
some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When
the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was
marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?
A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history.
C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.
5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?
A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】.
C They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships.
6. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising?
A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead.
C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West.
7. What is the text?
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy
Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room
schoolhouse. (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩——Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond
Underwood——来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。)”可知，Dorothy和
Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy,
rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森
一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In
spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生活条
件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed
drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在
令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令
人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.(这本书以
Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of
the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，
并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B项。
2020年阅读理解新闻报道
【2020年新课标Ⅲ】When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the public last month, a group
of excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren’t there to throw red paint on fur-coat-
wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the
filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
The creative team behind “Apes” used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create digitalized animals,
spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that records an actor’s performance and later processes it with
computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals lately. One
nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more
than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants,” “The Hangover Part
Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated
properly.
In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has activists worried; it’s
the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are questions about the films made
outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions filmed in the States.
24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard?
A. To see famous film stars.
B. To oppose wearing fur coats.
C. To raise money for animal protection.
D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.
25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A. The cost of making “Apes.”
B. The creation of digitalized apes.
C. The publicity about “Apes.”
D. The performance of real apes.
26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Listing completely.
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B. Directing professionally.
C. Promoting successfully.
D. Watching carefully.
27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors?
A. They may be badly treated.
B. They should take further training.
C. They could be traded illegally
D. They would lose popularity.
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了电影“猩球崛起”上个月首次与公众见面。动物爱好者聚集在好
莱坞前，感谢电影制作者，在电影拍摄时，没有使用真的类人猿。现在的动物拍摄使用的是数字化人猿的
创造技术，而一些电影的拍摄却存在着虐地动物的现象，这让一个非盈利的组织密切关注此事。但有些拍
摄也是不能够被监测到的。
24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, one activist ,dressed in a full -body monkey suit ,had arrived with a sign
praising the filmmakers:“Thanks for not using real apes”可知，相反，一名身穿全套猴服的活动人士来到现场，
手里拿着一块牌子，称赞电影制作人:“感谢你们不用真正的猿猴。所以动物保护者聚集在好莱坞大道是为
了向电影制作者表示感谢。故选D项。
25. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The creative team behind "Apes" used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to
create digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor’s performance
and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). ”可知，“人猿”背后的创作团队利
用动作捕捉技术创造数字化的动物，在记录演员表演的技术上，花费数千万美元，然后用电脑图形处理，
以产生最终的影像。由此可知，第二段主要是关于数字化人猿的创造。故选B项。
26. 词句猜测题。根据第三段划线前的句子“One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or
animals in filmed entertainment”（一个非营利组织，监控动物在电影娱乐中的待遇）以及下文Already, a
number of films, including "Water for Elephants," "The Hangover Part Ⅱ" and "Zookeeper," have drawn the anger
of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.（许多电影,包括“大象的眼泪”,
“宿醉Ⅱ”和“管理员”,引起了动物保护人士的愤怒，他们说影片中的动物没有遭到很好的对待。）由此
可知，其中一家监控动物待遇的非营利组织，今年正密切关注着2000多部影片。由此判断出，划线词的意
思是“密切关注”。故选D项。
27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio
that has activists worried; it’s the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there are
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as closely as productions
filmed in the Sates.”（在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是电影棚里对动物的待遇;让人担忧的是训练和
生活条件。还有一些关于在美国以外拍摄的电影的问题，这些电影有时不像在美国拍摄的电影那样受到严
密的监控。）可知，在某些情况下，让活动人士担心的并不是工作室里动物的待遇;令人担忧的是训练和生
活条件。由此判断出动物演员可能受到虐待。故选A项。
【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】In May 1987 the Golden Gate Bridge had a 50th birthday party.
The bridge was closed to motor traffic so people could enjoy a walk across it. Organizers expected perhaps 50,000
people to show up. Instead, as many as 800, 000 crowded the roads to the bridge. By the time 250,000 were on the
bridge, engineers noticed something terrible：the roadway was flattening under what turned out to be the heaviest
load it had ever been asked to carry. Worse, it was beginning to sway（晃动）. The authorities closed access to the
bridge and tens of thousands of people made their way back to land. A disaster was avoided.
The story is one of scores in To Forgive Design：Understanding Failure, a book that is at once a love letter to
engineering and a paean（赞歌）to its breakdowns. Its author, Dr. Henry Petroski, has long been writing about
disasters. In this book, he includes the loss of the space shuttles（航天飞机）Challenger and Columbia, and the
sinking of the Titanic.
Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail because the person who thought them up or
engineered them simply got things wrong, in this book Dr. Petroski widens his view to consider the larger context
in which such failures occur. Sometimes devices fail because a good design is constructed with low quality
materials incompetently applied. Or perhaps a design works so well it is adopted elsewhere again and again, with
seemingly harmless improvements, until, suddenly, it does not work at all anymore.
Readers will encounter not only stories they have heard before, but some new stories and a moving discussion
of the responsibility of the engineer to the public and the ways young engineers can be helped to grasp them.
"Success is success but that is all that it is," Dr. Petroski writes. It is failure that brings improvement.
8. What happened to the Golden Gate Bridge on its 50th birthday?
A. It carried more weight than it could.
B. It swayed violently in a strong wind
C. Its roadway was damaged by vehicles
D. Its access was blocked by many people.
.
9. Which of the following is Dr Petroski's idea according to paragraph 3?
A. No design is well received everywhere
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】B. Construction is more important than design.
C. Not all disasters are caused by engineering design
D. Improvements on engineering works are necessary.
10. What does the last paragraph suggest?
A. Failure can lead to progress. B. Success results in overconfidence
C. Failure should be avoided. D. Success comes from joint efforts.
11. What is the text?
A. A news report B. A short story.
C. A book review D. A research article.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. C
【解析】这是一篇书评。主要讲述了对彼得罗斯基博士的书《原谅设计：理解失败》的评论，工程设计可
能会因为某些原因带来失败，但失败才能带来进步。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In May 1987 the Golden Gate Bridge had a 50th birthday party. The bridge was
closed to motor traffic so people could enjoy a walk across it. Organizers expected perhaps 50,000 people to show
up. Instead, as many as 800, 000 crowded the roads to the bridge. By the time 250,000 were on the bridge,
engineers noticed something terrible：the roadway was flattening under what turned out to be the heaviest load it
had ever been asked to carry. Worse, it was beginning to sway”可以看出，1987年5月，金门大桥举行了一个
50岁生日聚会。这座桥禁止机动车通行，人们可以在桥上散步。组织者预计将有5万人到场。相反，多达
80万人挤满了通往大桥的道路。当25万人在桥上时，工程师们注意到了一个可怕的现象：路面在被要求
承载的最重荷载作用下变得平了。更糟的是，它开始晃动。因此可以看出，金门大桥50岁生日那天，它的
重量超过了它的承受能力。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail because the person
who thought them up or engineered them simply got things wrong, in this book Dr. Petroski widens his view to
consider the larger context in which such failures occur. Sometimes devices fail because a good design is
constructed with low quality materials incompetently applied. Or perhaps a design works so well it is adopted
elsewhere again and again, with seemingly harmless improvements, until, suddenly, it does not work at all
anymore.”可知，虽然他承认工程设计可能会因为那些想出或设计它们的人只是把事情弄错了失败，但在这
本书中，彼得罗斯基博士拓宽了他的视野，考虑了这种失败发生的更大背景。有时，由于一个好的设计是
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】用不合格的低质量材料建造的，所以装置会失败。或者，一个设计工作得如此好，以至于在其他地方一次
又一次地被采用，用似乎是无害的改进，直到突然间，它完全不起作用了。因此可以推测出，根据第三段，
不是所有的灾难都是由工程设计引起的是彼得罗斯基博士的想法。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的 “It is failure that brings improvement.”可知，失败才能带来进步。因此
可以看出，A项与此相呼应，即失败能带来进步，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The story is one of scores in To Forgive Design：Understanding Failure, a book
that is at once a love letter to engineering and a paean（赞歌）to its breakdowns.”可知，这个故事是《原谅设计：
理解失败》一书中的一个，这本书既是对工程的一封情书，也是对其崩溃的赞歌。并且后面两段都在写这
本书里的内容以及评价，再根据倒数第二段的“Readers will encounter not only stories they have heard before,
but some new stories and a moving discussion of the responsibility of the engineer to the public and the ways
young engineers can be helped to grasp them.”可知，读者不仅会遇到他们以前听过的故事，还会遇到一些新
的故事和关于工程师对公众的责任以及如何帮助年轻工程师掌握它们的动人讨论。再结合最后一段“It is
failure that brings improvement.”可知，失败才能带来进步。因此可以推测出，这些内容都是关于这本书的评
论，因为这篇文章是书评，故选C。
资料整理【淘宝店铺：向阳百分百】
