文档内容
单元知识点梳理
词汇拓展
1.扫；打扫v. sweep (过去式) swept
2.扔；掷v. throw (过去式) threw
3.借给；借出v. lend (过去式) lent
4.厌恶v. hate (过去式) hated
5.精神压力；心理负担n. stress 焦虑不安的adj. stressed
6.发展；壮大v. develop 发展；发育；成长n. development
7.依靠；信赖v. depend 独立的；自主的adj. independent 独立n. independence
8.邻居n. neighbor 街区；街坊n. neighborhood
9.有病；不舒服adj. ill 疾病n. illness
10.落下；掉下v. drop (过去式) dropped
11.合理的；公正的adj. fair (反义词) unfair 公正性；合理性n. fairness
词块归纳
1.洗碗 do /wash the dishes
2.叠衣服 fold the clothes
3.对某人生气 be angry with sb .
4.惊讶地 in surprise
5.搭便车 get a ride
6.倒垃圾 take out the rubbish
7.扫地 sweep the floor
8.铺床 make the bed
9.遛狗 take the dog for a walk
10.频繁；反复 all the time
11.过来 come over
12.从事 work on
13.闲逛 hang out
14.向某人借某物 borrow sth.from sb .
15.把某物借给某人 lend sth.to sb .
16.结果 as a result
17.做家务 do chores
18.依靠；信赖 depend on
19.浪费时间 a waste of time
20.取得好成绩 get good grades
21.照顾；处理 take care of
22.生病 fall ill
23.同意(某人的观点) agree with
24.目的是；为了 in order to
25.邀请某人去某地 invite sb.to sp .
26.提供某物给某人 provide sth.for sb./provide sb.with sth .
核心句型
1.第二天，我妈妈下班回家发现房子很干净、整洁。The next day，my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.
2.至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？
Could I at least finish watching this show?
3.我和你一样累！
I'm just as tired as you are!
4.整整一周，她没做任何家务，我也没做。
For one week，she did not do any housework and neither did I.
5.我刚在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。
The minute I sat down in front of the TV，my mom came over．
6.而且，他们长大之后，将不得不做家务，因此，他们没必要现在就做。
Also，when they get older，they will have to do housework so there is no need for them to do it
now.
7.只在学校取得好成绩是不够的。
It is not enough to just get good grades at school.
8.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
The earlier kids learn to be independent，the better it is for their future.
9.我不介意做它们。I do not mind doing them.
重难知识点归纳
For one week，she did not do any housework and neither did I．整整一个星期她都没做
任何家务，我也没做。
neither did I是“neither＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”倒装结构，表示前者描述
的否定情况也适用于后者。该结构中的neither也可用nor代替。
【易混辨析】neither与so
neither＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语 表示前者描述的否定情况也适用于后者。
so＋be动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语 表示前者描述的肯定情况也适用于后者。
neither＋主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词 陈述前面的否定情况。意为“确实如此”。
so＋主语＋be动词/助动词/情态动词 陈述前面的肯定情况。意为“确实如此”。
Could you please pass me the salt？请把盐给我好吗？
【易混辨析】pass与past
Could I borrow that book？我能借那本书吗？
Could you lend me some money？你能借给我一些钱吗？
【易混辨析】borrow与lend
借； 瞬间动词，常与from连用，borrow sth.from sb.意为“从某人那
borrow
借入 里借来某物”。借给； 瞬间动词，后接双宾语，lend sb.sth.或lend sth.to sb.意为“把某物
lend
借出 借给某人”。
【拓展延伸】keep也可表示“借”，为延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。
They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a
good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间花在功课上。
spend意为“花费；度过”，其主语是“人”。常用结构spend time/money (in) doing sth./on
sth.表示“(在)做某事上花费时间/金钱”。
【易混辨析】spend，take，pay与cost
例词 主语 宾语 常用结构
spend 人 时间或 sb. spend(s) some time/money on sth.某人在某物上花多少时间/钱
金钱 sb. spend(s) some time/money (in) doing sth.某人花费多少时
间/钱做某事
take it或物 时间 It takes sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时间
(doing) sth. takes sb. some time(做)某事花费某人多少时间
pay 人 金钱 sb. pay(s) some money for sth.某人为某物付多少钱
cost 物 金钱 sth. cost(s) (sb.) some money某物花费(某人)多少钱
in order to意为“为了；目的是”，表示目的，后接动词原形，其否定形式为in order not to。
它可位于句首或句中。
【拓展延伸】如果后接目的状语从句，则可用in order that或so that。
Doing chores helps to develop children's independence…做家务有助于培养孩子的独立
能力……
develop 作动词，意为“发展；发育；成长”。其常见短语develop into意为“发展成为”；
develop one's interest in…意为“培养某人对……的兴趣”。
【拓展延伸】
①development作名词，意为“发展；发达”，常构成短语 with the development of(随
着……的发展)。
②developing作形容词，意为“发展中的”；developed作形容词，意为“发达的”。
As a result，he often fell ill and his grades dropped.结果他经常生病，成绩也下降了。
ill意为“有病；不舒服”。fall ill意为“生病”，fall是系动词，强调动态的过程。
【注意】ill的比较级为worse，最高级为worst。
【易混辨析】be ill与fall ill
be ill 生病(强调持续状态)
fall ill 生病(强调瞬间过程)
drop意为“落下；掉下”，既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。
【易混辨析】drop与fall
①drop和fall都可表示物体“落下；降落；降下”，作不及物动词时，一般可互换。drop
还可以作及物动词，fall则不可以。
The temperature dropped/fell to zero the next day.第二天温度降到了零度。②drop 侧重指由于地心引力或没有握住等原因而“落下；使下落”；而fall侧重由于重
力作用或失去平衡而跌倒。
单元语法点回顾
情态动词could的用法
1.用于提出要求或请求
“Could you please...?” 意为 “能请你……吗？”，用于提出要求或请求。
肯定回答：Yes, sure./Of cousre. 是的，当然可以
No problem. 没问题。
With pleasure. 乐意帮忙。
Sure./Of course./Certainly, I can. 当然可以。
否定回答：Sorry, I can't. I have to... 对不起，我不能，我得……
Sorry, I'm going to ... 对不起，我将……
I'm afraid I can’t. I have to... 我恐怕不能。我得……
I'm afraid not. 恐怕不行。
注意：肯定回答及否定回答中,均不用could,而是要用can代替could。
2.用于征得许可
“Could I...?”意为“我能……吗？”，用于请求对方允许自己做某事。
肯定回答：Yes, you can. / Of course you can. /Yes, please.
否定回答：Sorry, you can't. /I'm afraid you can't. /No, you mustn’t.
3.表示能力：could 表示过去的能力，表示现在的能力用can。此时could是can的过去式。
4.表示推测： 后接动词原形，表示对现在或将来的推测。
单元知识点过关
过单词
Ⅰ.根据句意用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Our teacher asked Jim ________(angry) why he was late for school again..
2. Would you like some ________(snack)，Bill?
3. Linda, turn down the music. Our ________(neighbor) Mrs. Green and Mr. Smith can’t stand it.
4. It is important for us to develop an ability of ________(independent) ．
5. Look! Those volunteers are ________(sweep) the street.
1. angrily 2. snacks 3. neighbors 4. independence 5. sweeping
Ⅱ. 根据语境及所给首字母提示，补全所缺单词。
1. Michael d from the ladder (梯子) and was badly hurt.
2. Emily fell i and went to see a doctor yesterday afternoon.
3. Jack, your room is in a m . Put away your books and tidy it now.
4. —Cindy will drive to London this weekend.
—Cindy? Impossible! She h driving.
5. Summer camp can d children's independence.
1. dropped 2. ill 3. mess 4. hates 5. developШ.单项选择。
( )1. —Could I do my homework in your room, Dad?
—Of course, if you don’t make a ______ in it.
A. matter B. decision C. promise D. mess
( )2. It’s ______ that you made him finish the work in such a short time because he is new at
doing such work.
A. lucky B. traditional C. possible D. unfair
( )3. Alice, I ran out of my money. Could you ______ me some?
A. lend B. sell C. borrow D. buy
( )4. Don't worry about the exam! You study very hard and ________ you're so clever.
A. still B. though C. however D. anyway
( )5. ________ everybody is here, let's start our class meeting now.
A. While B. Although C. Since D. Until
1-5 DDADC
过短语
根据句意用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。
take care of，as a result，in order to，a waste of，as soon as
1．It is ___________________time to sit here without doing anything.
2．John didn't study hard.___________________，he didn't pass the test.
3．Julie ___________________ her sick mother at home last night.
4．___________________ achieve your dreams，set up goals for yourself.
5．Paula will help to do chores ___________________she gets home from school.
1.a waste of 2.As a result 3.took care of 4.In order to 5.as soon as
过句子
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。
1. Bill，请把我的眼镜递给我。
Please __________ my glasses __________ __________, Bill.
2. 请你帮我做水果沙拉，好吗？
__________ __________ __________ __________ me make fruit salad?
3. 你不能总是半夜给他打电话。
You can’t call him at midnight ________ ________ ________.
4. 你不再是个孩子了，从现在起你应该依靠自己。
You are no longer a child. You should __________ __________ __________ from now on.
5.当她听到那个消息时，惊讶地看着我。
She looked at me ________ ________ when she heard the news.
1. pass ;to me 2.Could you please help 3. all the time
4. depend on yourself 5.in surprise
过交际
根据对话内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话，其中有两项多余。
A: Good morning, Rob. (1)______
B: No, it’s not a new shirt.A: It’s very ... pink (粉红色的).
B: Oh, I know. (2)______ Now my shirt is pink! I’m embarrassed (尴尬的).
(later)
C: Nice shirt, Rob. It looks ... tight (紧身的).
B: I know, I know.
C: (3)______
B: I put it in the dryer (烘干机).
C: It’s also pink! It’s pretty!
B: Ha ha. Very funny. You know I’m not good at washing clothes. I don’t like any chores!
C: (4)______
B: Can you give me an example?
C: (5)______ On a sunny day, when you walk your dog, you can exercise and enjoy the sun.
B: Oh, that sounds good.
A. What happened?
B. Is your shirt new?
C. But some chores are fun.
D. Do you like doing chores?
E. We should learn to do chores.
F. I think walking dogs is a good one.
G. Yesterday I washed some red clothes with my white shirt.
1-5 BGACF
过语法
I.单项选择。
1.—Could you please help me do the dishes?
—________.I have to do my homework，Mom.
A．My pleasure B．It doesn't matter
C．It's a shame D．I'm afraid not
2.—Mum，it's too hot.________ I swim in the lake?
—No，you ________.That's too dangerous!
A．Should；can't B．Need；mustn't
C．Must；needn't D．Could；mustn't
3.—Could I use your bike?
—Yes，you ________.But you ________ keep it clean.
A．could；can B．can；must
C．must；can D．could；must
4.Could you please speak a little louder? I ________ hear you very well.
A．can't B．mustn't C．shouldn't D．needn't
5.—Jerry，would you like to tell me how to take a taxi through “Didi”？
—________.
A．Take it easy B．You are welcome
C．Thank you D．Sure，I'd love to
1-5DDBAD
Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1．能请你帮我扫地吗？________ ________ ________ ________me sweep the floor?
2．---爸爸，我今晚可以玩电脑游戏吗？
---是的，你可以。但你必须先完成你的家庭作业。
---________ I ________ computer games tonight，Dad?
---Yes，you ________．But you have to finish your homework first.
3．---能请你帮我把门打开吗？
---好的，当然可以。
---________ you________ ________me open the door?
---Yes，________．
4．---明天上午我们可以去爬山吗？
---对不起，你们不能。
---________ we________ to climb the mountain tomorrow morning?
---Sorry，you________．
5.---我能借用一下你的自行车吗?
---抱歉, 我把它借给王刚了。
---________ ________ ________ your bike?
—Sorry, I ________ it to Wang Gang.
1.Could you please help 2.Could;play;can 3.Could;please help;sure 4.Could;go;can’t 5.Could I
borrow;lent
过综合
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(提示：每空不超过
三个单词)
Dear Sir，
I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents
with housework.It is not enough to just get good 1.________(grade) at school.Children
these days depend 2.________ their parents too much.They are always
3.________(ask)，“Could you get this for me？” Doing chores helps to develop children's
independence and teaches them 4.________ to look after themselves.It also helps them to
understand the idea of 5.________(fair)．Since they live in one house with their parents，they
should know that everyone should do their part in 6.________(keep) it clean and tidy.Our
neighbors' son got into a good college，7.________ during his first year，he had no idea how to
take care of 8.________(he)．As a result，he often 9.________(fall) ill and his grades
dropped.The 10.________(early) kids learn to be independent，the better it is for their future.
Mr.Smith
1. grades 2. on 3. asking 4. how 5. fairness
6. keeping 7. but 8.himself 9.fell 10.earlier
