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2022年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(新教材新高考)
第15讲—代词
【复习概览】
在语境中理
核心素养 解和运用新
代词 语法知识 语言能力 的语法知识
1.单句填空
2.语篇填空
3.单句翻译
4.书面表达
生活实践和
高考评价 学习探索情
必 备 知 识 关键能力 境
()
【命题分析】
一、命题要求
代词考点,是英语高考常考点之一。在高考中主要考查点有:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、代词
宾格、形式主语或宾语的it等。
二、命题形式
本考点在高考中的命题形式主要有:1.语法填空;2.书面表达。代词在语法填空中是常考点。
2022年代词还有可能考,让学生掌握这个考点是必要的。
【基础巩固】
知识点:代词
重难点知识:
考点1 all,both,any,either,neither,none
【典例】
1.(2021·黑龙江牡丹江一中高三期末)— Which of the two films did you prefer?
— Actually I didn’t like ______.
A.either of them B.both of them C.none of them D.neither of them
2.(2021·天津高三期末)My close friends,after they heard about my experiences in South America,________
said it was totally out of their imagination.
A.which B.them
C.all D.who
3.(2021·黑龙江实验中学)After work I went to the box office to buy the tickets for Kungfu Panda 2, only to be
told there was ______ left.A.nothing B.none C.no one D.neither
4.(2021·银川市第六中学高三三模)– Which driver was to blame?
-- Why, ______! It was the child’s fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.
A.both B.each
C.either D.neither
【方法指导】
都 任何 都不
两者 both either neither
三者或三者以上 all any none
【变式】
Mark whispered so softly that _________ but Julie heard him. (用适当的词填空)
考点2 it,that,one,those
【典例】
1. 【2020·海南卷】These days, _______ is not unusual for 10-to-12-year-olds to publish their own websites or
for second and third graders to begin computer classes.
2. 【2020·海南卷】Amazingly, the trees grow in such a way that their leaves and branches, although close
together, never actually touch of another tree.
【方法指导】
it 特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物
可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词,指代单数可数名词相当
that
于the one。其复数形式为those,相当于the ones
one 指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”,其复数形式为ones
those 指“the+名词复数(尤其是有后置定语时)”
【变式】
1.(2021·天津)---What kind of apartment do you need?
--- ________ with two bedrooms, one bathroom and one kitchen.
A.The one B.That C.One D.It
2.(2021·福建省武平县第一中学)Do you think ________ true that ________is hard work that leads to
success?
A.it; it B.it; what C.that; it D.what; which
考点3 another,the other,other,others,the others
【典例】①I sat on the edge of the street and watched enviously the other boys on the block play baseball.
我坐在街道旁,羡慕地看着其他男孩在街上打棒球。
②To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the other.
为了使自己暖和,那个水手坐在炉火前面赤着脚互相摩擦。
③The microblog has become another classroom for me,and the teachers are all big names in academia.
微博已成为我的另一个课堂,这里的老师们都是学术界的大师级人物。
④You are a team star! Working with others is really your cup of tea.
你是队里的明星!与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。
【方法指导】
other 不能单独使用,只能修饰名词,表示泛指意义
可单独使用,特指两个人或物中的“另一个”;也可修饰名词,表示
the other
“另外的……”
可单独使用,也可修饰名词,泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另
another 一个”,代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接“基数词/few
+复数名词”形式,表示“另外的……(多少)”
单独使用,表示泛指意义,意为“其他的人或事物”,常与some一起
others
出现
the others 意为“特定范围内剩余的那些”
考点4 none,nothing,no one/nobody
【典例】
①The meeting will be held in September,but nobody knows the date for sure.
会议将在9月份召开,但是没有人知道确切日期。
②Most of my new classmates are kind,but none is so good to me as Lucy.
我的大部分新同学都很善良,但没人像露茜那样对我好。
③—What have you been doing today?
—Oh,nothing special,just hanging around.
——今天你都干什么了?
——哦,没有什么特别的,只是闲逛。
【方法指南】
既指人也指物,后面可接of短语,一般用来回答how many,how much
none
和which的提问
nothing 只指事物,后面不能接of短语,用来回答what的提问
no one/
只指人不指物,其后不接of短语,一般回答who的提问
nobody
考点5 something,anything,everything,nothing
【典例】(2021·天津高三一模)—It is said that Frank is very rich and is always changing his private cars . What is he?
—________of a manager, I am not sure.
A.Somebody B.Anyone C.Something D.Anything
【方法指南】
注意something的特殊含义:大致,……左右;有价值或重要的人或事物;anything but“根本不”。
考点6 it的用法
【典例】
【2020·海南卷】If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain ______ again until
you do understand.
【方法指南】
1.指代时间、距离、自然现象等。
2.指代前面所提到过的事情、事物、群体、想法,性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物,也可
指代未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。
3.作形式主语或形式宾语代指不定式、动词-ing形式、名词性从句。
4.表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后面接it,构成固定结构,这类动词有enjoy,prefer,love,
like,hate,dislike,appreciate等。
5.it的高频搭配
When it comes to...当涉及……
make it成功;确定时间为……(后接时间类名词)
as it is 事实上;照原样
get it 明白了
【变式】
(2021·云南高三学业考试)I’d appreciate _______________ if you could give me an early reply.
A.you B.myself C.it D.them
【关键能力】
代词与语法填空
代词在语法填空中考查指示代词、不定代词以及it的用法时无提示词,而考查人称代词、物主代词与反身代词的词形变换常给出提示词。
[典题试做]
用适当的词或所给单词的适当形式填空
1. On my recent visit,I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ________ (it)
mother.
2. By that time,the panda no longer needed________ (it) mother for food.
3. Now it occurred to ________ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of
luck.
[应对策略]
1.当句子缺主语或宾语时,填代词。要根据语境,看该空格是指人还是指物,是男还是女,是单数
还是复数。为了避免重复,it,one(s),that,those都可以用来替代上文出现的名词,要注意它们的不同用
法。it可以用来代替不定式、动名词或从句作形式主语或形式宾语。还要注意不定代词 one,both,
neither,nor,all,none,either,another等的用法。
2.如是物主代词(表示某人的),作主语、宾语或表语用名词性物主代词;在名词前作定语只能用形容
词性物主代词;反身代词反指谁,它通常作主语和宾语的同位语,这时应与主语或宾语一致;也可作某些
动词或介词的宾语,这时需与主语一致。
◆书面表达中代词易错点聚焦
1.主格、宾格混乱,如:
(误)You and us should join hands to do it.
(正)You and we should join hands to do it.
2.语序错误,如:
(误)I_and_my_family all like playing golf.
(正)My_family_and_I all like playing golf.
3.称谓指代混乱,如:
(误)Everyone should take an umbrella with yourself.
(正)Everyone should take an umbrella with himself_or_herself.