文档内容
第15讲 –代词(练)
时间 :50分钟 满分:50分
姓名________________ 得数___________________
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每个1分,共25分)
1. 【2021·浙江1月高考】Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to research on the Internet and
discovered Volunteer USA. Three months later I found _____(me)on a plane to Phoenix, Arizona.
【答案】myself
【解析】考查代词。三个月后,我发现自己在飞往亚利桑那州凤凰城的飞机上。此处是反身代词,要和主
语人称一致。故填myself。
2. 【2021·八省1月联考】This made me very moved, and I would try my best to help more people in the future
to make ______(we) world more beautiful and warmer.
【答案】our
【解析】考查代词。这使我很感动,将来我会尽力帮助更多的人,让我们的世界更美丽、更温暖。修饰名
词world,用形容词性物主代词。故填our。
3. 【2019·上海卷】The female turtles drag ______(them)up the beach from the sea, dig a nest, lay at least one
hundred eggs, cover and conceal their eggs and nest, and then return to the sea.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查代词。雌海龟从海里把自己拖到海滩上,挖一个巢穴,产下至少 100个蛋,把它们的蛋隐藏
起来,然后再返回大海。结合句意可知,是“雌性海龟们把它们自己从海里拖到海滩上。因此,此处用反
身代词。故填themselves。
4. 【北京市石景山去2020-2021学年高三上学期期末】Although he forgave me at last, I felt ashamed
of ____(I).
【答案】 myself
【解析】考查代词。虽然他最后原谅了我,我还是为自己感到羞愧。主语是 I,根据句意可知,这里用反
身代词myself,表示“为自己感到羞愧”。故填myself。
5. 【北京市昌平区2021届高三上学期期末】__________ (it) cute image has left the Chinese netizens surprised
and delighted, with many people joking that The Angry Birds character has traveled back in time to prehistoric
days.
【答案】Its
【解析】考查代词。它的可爱形象让中国网民又惊又喜,许多人开玩笑说,《愤怒的小鸟》角色穿越到了
史前时代。修饰名词image,前用形容词性物主代词。故填Its。
6.【辽宁省五校联考2020-2021学年高三上学期期末】Wild animals are returning to their natural homes invarious areas, as human beings lock_______ (them) up due to the policies in light of COVID-19.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查代词。由于新冠肺炎疫情引发的政策,人类纷纷将自己封闭起来,各地野生动物纷纷回归自
然家园。结合语境,此处指“人类他们自己”应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
7. 【重庆市九校联盟 2020-2021学年高一上学期 12月联考】Wilma said that it was most important to be
_____ (you) and believe in what you can do.
【答案】yourself/yourselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:威尔玛说最重要的是做你(们)自己,相信你能做什么。由句意可知,此
处指“你(们)自己”,用反身代词yourself/yourselves。故填yourself/yourselves。
8."One time I asked her, why is_________ (me) listening comprehension so bad?"Mr. Zuckerberg said.
【答案】my
【解析】考查代词。句意:扎克伯格先生说:“有一次,我问她,为什么我的听力理解如此差?”此处修
饰名词短语listening comprehension,需用形容词性物主代词my。故填my。
9. If you don’t build your dream, someone will hire you to build_________ (they).
【答案】theirs
【解析】考查代词。句意:如果你不构建自己的梦想,那么就会有人雇用你去构建他们的梦想。本空在句
中作build的宾语,与前面的build your dream呼应,表示build their dreams,因此应用名词性物主代词
theirs代替“their dreams”。故填theirs。
10. That first hot dog tasted so good that I’d like_________.
【答案】another
【解析】考查代词。句意:第一个热狗太好吃了,我想再吃一个。此处用another泛指同类的事物,指再来
一个“热狗"。故填another。
11. The cells of the body, especially _________ of the brain,can live only minutes without circulating blood.
【答案】those
【解析】考查代词。句意:身体的细胞,尤其是大脑的细胞,在没有血液循环的情况下只能存活几分钟。
根据“of the brain ”可知,此处特指大脑内的细胞,those用来替代前面的“the cells”,特指那些细胞,因此
用复数形式。故填those。
12. This result is only slightly different from _________ obtained in the US.
【答案】that
【解析】考查代词。句意:这一结果与美国的结果略有不同。分析可知,that代替前面的“结果”,表示
同类不同物。根据句意和语境,故填that。
13. They had gone to a great deal of expense for _________.【答案】nothing
【解析】考查不定代词。句意:他们白白牺牲了很多东西。根据句意应用nothing,意为"没有东西",作
介词for宾语,故填nothing。
14. The couple had one biological child and adopted three_________.
【答案】others
【解析】考查代词。句意:这对夫妇有一个亲生孩子,领养了三个孩子。根据句意,表示“其它三个”用
three others,others是other的复数形式,此处表示泛指。故填others。
15.—Would you like tea or coffee?
—_________.I really don’t mind.
【答案】Either
【解析】考查代词。句意:——你想喝茶还是喝咖啡?——什么都可以,我真的不介意。根据“tea or coffee
”可知,此处需用either表示两者中任意一个。注意首字母要大写。故填Either。
16. Taxis are certainly the most convenient means of transport, as_________ requires little effort to raise your
arm to call a cab.
【答案】it
【解析】考查形式主语it。句意:出租车无疑是最方便的交通工具,因为叫一辆出租车不需要你费力。此
处的it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的 “to raise your arm to call a cab”。故填it。
17. They are calmer and _________ (they) mood improves.
【答案】their
【解析】考查代词。句意:他们更加平静,心情也好转了。修饰后文名词mood,要用形容词性物主代词
their,故填their。
18. All in all, we students should behave _________ (we) and keep away from violence.
【答案】ourselves
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:总之,我们学生应该守规矩,远离暴力。behave oneself为固定搭配,意为
“举止规矩有礼”,故用反身代词。根据主语we可知,空处应填ourselves。
19. To be a competitor, _________ must be over 18.
【答案】one/you
【解析】考查代词。句意:想成为参赛选手,你必须超过18岁。此处句子缺少主语,结合上文To be a
competitor可知泛指人应用代词one或人称代词主格you。故填one/you。
20. A few hours before/earlier, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with_________ (it) choking smog.
【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意:几个小时前,我还在香港的家里,那里有令人窒息的雾霾。此处用形容词性物
主代词its,修饰choking smog。故填its。
21. The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but_________ contained any useful
suggestions.
【答案】neither
【解析】考查代词。句意:研究小组根据调查结果编写了两份报告,但都没有包含任何有用的建议。but
表示转折,说明这两份报告都没有包含任何有用的建议,表示“两者都没有”应用neither。故填neither。
22. The quality of education in this small school is better than_________ in some larger schools.
【答案】that
【解析】考查代词。句意:这所规模较小的学校的教育质量比一些规模较大的学校的教育质量好得多。表
示比较时,指代前面的quality of education要用that,为了避免重复,可以代替前面提到的不可数名词。故
填that。
23. Niki is always full of ideas,but_________ is useful to my knowledge.
【答案】none
【解析】考查代词。句意:Niki总是有很多主意,但是没有一个主意对我的知识有用。根据句意,此处用
none,意思为“(三者或三者以上)都不”,表示对三者或三者以上的全部否定。故填none。
24. To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the_________.
【答案】other
【解析】考查不定代词。句意:为了让自己暖和起来,这个水手坐在火堆旁,光着脚,用一只脚搓另一只
脚。表示两者中的一个……,另一个……,用one...the other...,根据语境和句意,故填other。
25. In many ways, the education system in the US is not very different from _________ in the UK.
【答案】that
【解析】考查代词。句意:在很多方面,美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不一样。这里指代前面的名
词education system,同类不同物,所以用that。故填that。
Ⅱ.单项选择(每个1分,共15分)
1. (2020·江苏卷单项填空)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for
______.
A. whichever B. whenever C. wherever D. whatever
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧,然后全力以赴。A.
whichever无论哪个;B. whenever无论何时;C. wherever无论何地;D. whatever无论什么。分析句子成分可知,此处做goes for的宾语,指代“任何事情”,whatever符合语境。故选D。
2.【2019·天津卷·单项填空】3.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier
than _________who are not.
A. ones B. those
C. these D. them
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词。句意:一项研究表明,参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处
代词与the students是对应关系,可以用the ones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词,
不能与the students形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选B。
3.(2021·山东高考真题)—Amy, is this Jenny's bike?
—Let me see. Oh, no. ________is red.
A.She B.Hers. C.Her D.Herself
【答案】B
【解析】考查人称代词和反身代词辨析。句意:——艾米,这是珍妮的自行车吗?——让我看看,哦,不,
她的自行车是红色的。A.She她,人称代词主格,在句中作主语;B.Hers她的,名词性物主代词,相当于
her + 名词,在句中作主语、宾语、介词宾语和主语补语;C.Her她的,形容词性物主代词,其后跟名词,
在句中作定语;D.Herself她自己,反身代词,在句中作同位语和宾语。结合语境,此处指珍妮的自行车,
在句中作主语。选项B符合题意,故选B。
4.(2021·天津南开中学高三二模)It is believed________ children should learn to be responsible from the very
beginning.
A.why B.that C.how D.when
【答案】B
【解析】考查固定句型。句意:人们认为,孩子应该从一开始就学会负责任。这里使用了固定句型:It is
believed that…据相信......其中it在这里是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故选B。
5.(2021·天津耀华中学高三一模)My uncle promised to buy a nice gift for my birthday, ________ beyond my
imagination.
A.which B.that C.something D.the one
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词。句意:我叔叔承诺我生日给我买一个好看的礼物,超乎我的想象的的东
西。"____beyond my imagination" 是 a nice gift 的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句
子中没有动词构成不了句子,所以which和that不能选。the one 指代与 gift 是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的那个礼物”,与上文的 promised to buy 不符。something表示“某个东西”符合语境。
故选C。
6.(2021·银川市第六中学高三三模)I’d appreciate ____ if you would like to teach me how to use this
computer.
A.that B.this
C.you D.it
【答案】D
【解析】考查it做形式宾语。句意:如果你能教我如何使用这台电脑,我将不胜感激。此处it是形式宾语,
真正的宾语是后面的从句。固定句式:I would appreciate it if...,“如果.......,我将不胜感激”。故选D项。
7.(2021·黑龙江哈尔滨市·哈尔滨三中)Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so
large a city as New York.
A.this B.one
C.it D.that
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词。句意:Scott先生和太太喜欢在小镇上的餐馆,而不喜欢在像纽约这样的大城市里的餐
馆。prefer A to B比起……更喜欢……,该句型是固定句型,用one代替another restaurant,故选B。
8.(2021·天津市武清区杨村第一中学高三一模)—Oh,my English novel is missing.
—I saw Tom leaving with ________,but I am not sure whether yours was included.
A.one B.it
C.some D.that
【答案】C
【解析】考查指示代词。句意:——哦,我的英语小说不见了。——我看见Tom带着一些英语小说离开了,
但是我不确定你的是不是在里面。因为后面有whether yours was included,可知空处应该是指some English
novels,可用some代替。故C选项正确。
9.(2021·北京师范大学天津附属中学高三三模)Don’t __ that all those who get good grades in the entrance
examination will prove to be most successful.
A.take as granted B.take this for granted
C.take that for granted D.take it for granted
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定句型。句意:不要想当然地认为入学考试成绩好的那些人就会是最成功的。根据句意和
句子结构可知,此处考查固定句型take it for granted that...“认为......理所当然”,其中it为形式宾语,that引导真正的宾语从句。故选D。
10.(2021·天津河东区·高三一模)I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher
than in the city.
A.ones B.one C.that D.those
【答案】C
【解析】考查指示代词。句意:我要搬到乡下去,因为那里的空气比城里的新鲜很多。ones指代可数名词
复数,泛指一些;one泛指可数名词中的一个;that指代不可数名词,还可指代比较对象;those是that的
复数形式。这里指代的是比较的对象,air是不可数名词,故选C。
11.(2021·天津高三二模)The quality of education in this small school is better than ______ in some larger
schools.
A.that B.one
C.it D.this
【答案】A
【解析】考查代词。句意:这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词the
quality of education,故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it, one和that都可指
代前面提到的名词。一般说来,it指代同名同物;one与that则指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a/
an+名词,只可代指可数名词;that为特指,相当于the+名词,可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物,
也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。
12. He is a strict but kind teacher, ________ is always trying to make his classes ________ and interesting.
A.one; living B.one who; lively C.he; lovely D.he who; live
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查代词,形容词和定语从句。解题步骤:1. 确定第一空:用one代替a teacher,且为先行
词,在后面的定语从句中作主语,所以关系代词为who。2. 确定第二空:A. living活着的;B. lively生动
的;C. lovely可爱的;D. live现场直播的。形容课堂是生动的。结合句意:他是严格但善良的老师,一个
总是让课堂生动有趣的人。故选B。
13.(2021·天津市天津中学高三月考)My brother would like to buy a good watch but _______ was available
from that shop.
A.nothing B.none
C.no one D.neither
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意:我哥哥想买一块好表,但那家商店没有一块合适的。A.nothing没有东西;B.none一个也没有;C.no one没有人;D.neither两者都不。由前文的“to buy a good watch”可知,想买一块
好手表,结果一块也没买到,强调数量时应该用“none”。故选B。
14.(2021·天津南开中学高三月考)One of the most important questions they had to consider was
___________ of public health.
A.what B.that C.this D.which
【答案】B
【解析】考查指示代词。句意:他们必须考虑的最重要的问题之一是公共卫生问题。根据句意可知,此处
应用指示代词,指代前文提及的one of the important questions,此处作表语,用单数,故用that,选B。
15. He is a good student, ______ worthy of being praised
A. that B. it C. the one D. one
【答案】D
【解析】句意:他是一个好学生,一个值得表扬的学生。代词 one=a student,此处表示泛指,作前面a
good student的同位语。所以选择D。
III.高考试题(每个1分,共10分)
1.(2020·山东卷语法填空)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟)
and imagine 42 . (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品,游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏,想象自己生活在一个不同的
历史时期,或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代 visitors,意为“他们自己”,应使用反身代词。故填
themselves。
2.(2020·新课标I卷语法填空)Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it
contains, could help China decide whether 70. (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。此处指“它未来的月球基地计划是否可行”,plans是名词,此处应该使用形容词性物主
代词its起限定作用。
3.【2019·北京】I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
【答案】myself
【解析】考查反身代词,此处用作宾语,表示对自己低声说,所以用“myself”。
4. 【2018·全国 I】If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other
sports, so perhaps we should all give___70___a try.
【答案】it或running【解析】考查代词或名词的用法。我们都应该试试跑步。此处 give it a try意为:试试。此处it可以指
running。故填it或running。
5. 【2018·全国III】When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find ____68____(they) alive.
【答案】them
【解析】考查代词。此处做find 的宾语,所以用宾格them。
6. 【2018·浙江】Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they
realize how cheap ___58___ can be to eat out.
【答案】it
【解析】考查it用法。句子为感叹句,正常语序应该是it can be cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真
正主语,用it 是形式主语。故填it。
7.[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than
25,000 people were using 67.________ every day.
【答案】it
【解析】考查代词。it指代伦敦地铁。
8.【2016·全国新课标 I】On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by
_____68_ (it) mother.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。 修饰名词用形容词性的物主代词,故填its。
9.【2016·上海】(B)Do you, for instance, feel that too much is being expected of (37)______, and yet find it
impossible to say no?
【答案】you
【解析】考查上下文串联。句意:例如,你是否感觉到对你期待得太多了?本句的主语是 you,所以仍然
使用宾格you作为介词of的宾语。
10.【2016·四川】By that time, the panda no longer needed 48 (it)mother for food.
【答案】its
【解析】句意:小熊猫不再需要它妈妈的食物。形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故填its。