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第11讲 定语从句
（模拟精练+真题演练）
用适当的单词填空
1. (湖南省湖南师范大学附属中学2023年高三试题) People have the custom to show respect to cattle by hitting
the head of a paper- made cattle with colored wooden sticks, ________is meant to drive out the cattle’s winter
laziness and encourage farmers to prepare for spring plowing.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：人们有用彩色木棍击打纸做的牛头以示尊重的习俗，这是为了赶走牛的冬
天懒惰，鼓励农民准备春耕。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the custom，关系
词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
2. (重庆市巴蜀中学2022-2023学年高三试题)“It can get really crowded with customers, especially on
weekends, during ______ we need to keep the door open from 11 in the morning to 12 midnight, ” a shop owner
said.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一位店主说：“这里的顾客真的很拥挤，尤其是在周末，我们需要从早上
11点开到午夜12点。”此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词weekends，作介词的
宾语，指物，故用which引导。故填which。
3.(2023届广东省梅州市高三下学期二模英语试题) During an unannounced visit to him one day in May, Wan
noticed his loneliness, ____ _ ____ made her sad. Then an idea came to mind that she would quit her job to
accompany him and set out to help him realize some of his wishes on his bucket list.
【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：五月的一天，在一次不事先通知的拜访中，Wan注意到他的孤
独，这让她很难过。前面整个句子作先行词，且在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代
词which引导。故填which。
4.(河北省石家庄部分重点高中2023年高三下学期试题) The United States and Norway launched a Green
Shipping Challenge, ___ __ ___ encourages governments, ports and companies to transform the industry via
sustainable methods and green technologies.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：美国和挪威发起了一项绿色航运挑战，鼓励政府、港口和公司通过可持续
的方法和绿色技术来改造航运业。此处考查非限制性定语从句，a Green Shipping Challenge为先行词，后
接非限制性定语从句，关系代词做主语，为物，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
5.（2023届广东省名校联盟高三大联考试题）Bungee jumping originated with an ancient adult initiationceremony on the Pentecost Islands in Vanuatu,________young men jumped off a high platform with vines (葡萄
藤) attached to their feet as a test of their courage and passage into manhood.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：蹦极起源于瓦努阿图的五旬节群岛上的一项古老的成人仪式，年轻男子从
一个高高的平台上跳下，脚上系着藤蔓，以考验他们的勇气和成年的道路。根据句子结构可知，该空是非
限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词 the Pentecost Islands in Vanuatu 指地点，关系词在定语从句中作状语，
故此空为关系副词where。故填where。
6.（2023届湖北省高三5月国度省考模拟测试试题） Having survived many centuries, kites have become one
of the country’s representative traditional handicrafts, _ ____ ___ making techniques were included in the list of
China’s national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是
kites，和making techniques是所属关系，应使用关系代词whose，故填whose。
7.（2023届湖南省长沙市第一中学高三模拟试题） Technological transformation is affecting the way in
________ people learn and children grow.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：技术变革正在影响人们学习和儿童成长的方式。定语从句修饰先行词the
way，且the way在从句中作方式状语，故用in which。故填which。
8. (2023届河北省衡水中学高三下学期五调试题）Thousands of years ago, they formed those ancient tea
plantations,________ are the best gift that nature has granted us.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：几千年前，他们形成了那些古老的茶园，这是大自然赐予我们最好的礼
物。 空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those ancient tea plantations（指物），从句缺主语，故用关
系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
9.（2023届浙江省9 1高中联盟年高三5月高考模拟试卷）Among the civilian teams that left for Turkey on
Wednesday was Blue Sky Rescue, a nonprofit Chinese civilian organization, ________ members come from
provincial-level regions of China.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：见第5题详解。分析句子结构和意思可知， members come from
provincial-level regions of China是定语从句，先行词organization在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引
导。故填whose。
10.（2023届哈尔滨师范大学附属中学高三第三次模拟考试） JongMay thought it was her “Chinese-style
princess dream” ________ led her back to China. She launched a company in April aiming for the promotion of
traditional Chinese culture through social media videos.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：JongMay认为是她的“中国式公主梦”让她回到了中国。分析句子结构可
知，此处为强调句型“it was...that...”，强调的是句子主语“her “Chinese-style princess dream””。故填that。11.（2023届湖北省高三年级5月份联考试题） These are the famous chime-bells of Marquis Yi of the Zeng
State, the largest and most complete set of chime-bells ________ exists today in China.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是著名的曾侯仪编钟，是中国现存最大、最完整的编钟。根据句子结构
可知，该空是定语从句的关系词，先行词chime-bells 指物，在定语从句中作主语，先行词前有最高级修
饰，只能用that。故填that。
12.（2023届山东省齐鲁名校大联盟高三三模试题）Becca Rodomsky-Bish,________works at the Cornell Lab
of Ornithology in New York, is the project’s leader.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Becca Rodomsky-Bish在纽约康奈尔鸟类学实验室工作，是该项目的负责
人。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Becca Rodomsky-Bish”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用
who。故填who。
13.（河北省石家庄市2023年高三第二学期全过程试题）But when I came to the special education school, I
even found a completely blind teacher was giving a class, ___ __ ___ inspired e to work hard to become a special
education teacher in the future,” Zhang said.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但当我来到特殊教育学校时，我甚至发现一个完全失明的老师在给我上
课，这激励了我努力学习，将来成为一名特殊教育教师。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是“a
completely blind teacher was giving a class”这件事，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故
填which。
14.（2023届广东省深圳市高三年级二调试题） This is a performance_______requires extraordinary courage,
skill and strength.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句的连接词。句意：这是一项需要非凡勇气、技巧和力量的表演。先行词为
performance, 指物，在定语从句中充当主语成分，从句由关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
15.（2023年浙江宁波镇海中学测试） To practise calligraphy requires the basic tools of four treasures of study,
writing brush, ink stick, paper, and ink slab as well as much concentration on guiding the soft writing brush charged
with fluid ink, and writing on the paper________the ink will diffuse (扩散) quickly.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：同上。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词paper，关系词在从句中作
地点状语，故填where。
用适当的单词填空
1. （2023年全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place____63____ welcome the
fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side withhistorical buildings of the past.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词place，定语从句中关系词充当主语，指代先行词place,故选用关系代词
that或which。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑
奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。
2.（2022年浙江卷1月语法填空）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one
of a small but growing minority of academics ___56___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate
change.
【答案】that/who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的
少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词 academics后为定语从句且在从
句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。
3.（2022年全国甲卷语法填空）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his
eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在这1100公里的旅程中，这位在8岁时因车祸而失明的男子曹胜康穿越了
三个省的40个城市和县城。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao
Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
4.（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger.
【答案】what → which
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可
知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what
改为which。
5.(2021年北京卷) The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived．
【答案】where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根
据句意，此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。
6.（2021年新高考II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an
email urging it to cut back.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它
减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， ____ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系
词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。
7.（2021年天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can
learn without repeating them.
A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom
【答案】A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避
免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为现行词，_____ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从
句，从句中谓语动词can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn from“从……中学习”，可知应用from
which引导定语从句。故选A。
8．（2021年天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their
skills and teach the visitors.
A．where B．which C．that D．when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给
参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾
表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。故选A。
9.（2021年浙江1月卷） BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool _ gives an
indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可以显示一个人的体重是否
健康。分析句子结构可知，tool是先行词，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。
10.（2020年全国I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had
to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___63___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在
这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代
先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
