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考点 19 阅读之议论文（解析
版）
【命题趋势】
议论文在近几年考试中出现的不多， 但是也有。所以考生在平时的训练中也需复习。以下是近年真题
和模拟试题训练，考生可以集中复习。
1.【2021年全国甲卷】
Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to
go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent
or creative than the rest of us? And who are they?
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this
is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the
genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or
belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that
members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief:
Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet
afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn't take a genius to know the answer:
absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all positioned to see flashes
of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender,race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with
“intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
12. What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club?
A. They're unfair. B. They're conservative.
C. They're objective. D. They're strict.
13. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They look up to great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14. Why are more geniuses known to the public?
A. Improved global communication.
B. Less discrimination against women.
C. Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D. Changes in people's social positions.
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms
C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上
“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for
admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a
different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.( 据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那
些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡
献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝)”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进入“天才俱乐部”设置
的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start toavoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.”(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个
信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动)”可推知，女孩容
易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see
flashes of genius wherever they appear.( 在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪
现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一
段的“As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple
geniuses, who are able to change the world.”(正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、
毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。”)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一
方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。
2.【2020年1月浙江卷】
Today’s world is not an easy adjustment for young adults. A key skill set for success is persistence (毅力), a
characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced by fathers. Researchers from Brigham Young University
discovered that fathers are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.
BYU professors Laura Padilla-Walker and Randal Day arrived at these findings after following 325 American
families over several years. And over time, the persistence gained through fathers led to higher achievement in
school.
“There are relatively few studies that stress the unique role of fathers,” Padilla-Walker said. “This research also
helps to prove that characteristics such as persistence — which can be taught — are key to a child’s life success.”
Researchers determined that dads need to practice an “authoritative” parenting style. Authoritative parenting
is not authoritarian: rigid, demanding or controlling. Rather, an authoritative parenting style includes some of the
following characteristics: children feel warmth and love from their father; responsibility and the reasons behind rules
are stressed; children are given an appropriate level of autonomy (自主权).
In the study, about 52 percent of the dads exhibited above-average levels of authoritative parenting. A key
finding is that over time, children raised by an authoritative father were significantly more likely to develop
persistence, which leads to better outcomes in school.This particular study examined 11 to 14-year-olds living in two-parent homes. Yet the researchers suggest that
single parents still may play a role in teaching the benefits of persistence, which is an avenue of future research.
27. What is special about the BYU professors’ study?
A. It centered on fathers’ role in parenting.
B. It was based on a number of large families.
C. It analyzed different kinds of parenting styles.
D. It aimed to improve kids’ achievement in school.
28. What would an authoritative father do when raising his children?
A. Ignore their demands. B. Make decisions for them.
C. Control their behaviors. D. Explain the rules to them.
29. Which group can be a focus of future studies according to the researchers?
A. Single parents. B. Children aged from 11 to 14.
C. Authoritarian fathers. D. Mothers in two-parent homes.
30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Three Characteristics of Authoritative Fathers
B. Key Skills for Young Adults to Succeed in Future
C. Children Tend to Learn Determination from Father
D. Family Relationship Influences School Performance
答案与解析
27. A 推理判断题 根据第一段最后一句Researchers from Brigham Young University discovered that fathers
are in a unique position to help their adolescent children learn persistence.可知，该大学研究的是父亲在家庭
中对孩子毅力品格的养成起着重要作用。故选A项。
28. D 推理判断题 根据第四段可知，“权威式的”父亲并不专断，而是要让孩子感受到温暖和责任，要强
调规则背后的缘由，要给予孩子适当的自主权。故推断出，一个“权威式的”父亲会做的事情是给孩子
解释规则。
29. A 事实细节题 根据最后一段最后一句 … the researchers suggest that single parents …, which is an avenue
of future research. 可知，未来研究的方向是单亲父母。
30. C 主旨大意题 文章主要论述了父亲的行为会影响孩子毅力的养成。故 C项Children Tend to learn
Determination from Father是文章的最佳标题。1. 【辽宁省鞍山市第一中学2021届高三一模】
The article What China Gets Right about Relationships by Sam Massie reminds me of the Quora question about
the opinion on Chinese people. Obviously, answers from different people won’t be the same. To me, those different
people fall into two groups: those with a vague picture of China, and those understanding Chinese culture very
well.
It’s quite easy for the first category to reach some conclusions with prejudice:
“When was child, was taught to be watchful around Chinese people-they were the type that smiled when offended
because they’ll stab you in the back in revenge (报复). They valued money over human life, and that was motive (动机)
for all their activities.” -Quora User.
That provides us, if I can say so, a racist’s stereotype of Chinese people. It is sad to know many people do have
an unclear idea about China-a long history, a large population, the Great Wall, Panda Express, festivals, tea, kongfu
movies, cheap and bad clothes, the manufacturing power, a very large internal market, and hardworking (yes,
especially high school students). All these are rather too simple and general.
By contrast, to those we call a China-hand, it is quite obvious that the word “Chinese” bears much more. In
today’s ever globalized world, more and more foreign friends are increasingly attracted to Chinese culture. They learn
Chinese, make Chinese friends, watch Chinese movies, and pay visits or even move to China. Understanding the
differences between the east and the west, they could see through the appearance.
In many cases, the first impression of some Westerners about China is no more than rudeness but it is actually
not that simple. What should be paid attention to are the in-group/out-group effects. Sam Massie is wise in saying
that “rudeness to strangers is the flip side (相反面) of deep bonds with loved ones. I am overjoyed that he understands
the generosity, sincerity and other good qualities of Chinese people. To me, no matter what the Westerners’
opinions are, what really matters is how we behave and the way we treat others. What’s your opinion?
12．According to the writer, the first group ________.
A．judge Chinese people one-sidedly
B．see well into Chinese culture
C．turn out to be ill-educated at school
D．draw reasonable conclusions about China
13．A China-hand will most probably agree that ________.A．Chinese people can do anything to fight back against those who offend them
B．China is very attractive in culture with its generous and sincere people
C．China has a long history and the most hardworking students in the world
D．China is profit-driven and as a result, people are cold to strangers
14．The underlined word stereotype in the fourth paragraph probably means ________.
A．changing and reasonable idea B．a fixed and often right idea
C．a fixed and often false idea D．a changing and unfair idea
15．The writer’s attitude to Sam Massie’s book is ________.
A．approving B．objective C．critical D．indifferent
【答案】
12．A
13．B
14．C
15．A
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了萨姆·马西书中关于一些西方人对中国人存在刻板印象，作者赞
成萨姆·马西的观点，认为中国人是慷慨的、真诚的。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“It’s quite easy for the first category to reach some conclusions with
prejudice (第一类人很容易得出带有偏见的结论)”可知，第一类人看待中国人有偏见，因此，根据本文，第
一类人是A项“judge Chinese people one-sidedly(片面地评价中国人)”符合题意。故选A项。
13．推理判断题。根据第一中的“and those understanding Chinese culture very well(另一类是非常了解中
国文化的人)”以及最后一段“I am overjoyed that he understands the generosity, sincerity and other good qualities
of Chinese people (我很高兴他了解中国人的慷慨、真诚和其他优良品质)”可知，萨姆·马西非常了解中古文
化，并且喜欢中国人的慷慨和真诚。因此，一个“中国通”最可能赞成的是B.项“China is very attractive in
culture with its generous and sincere people(中国文化很有吸引力，中国人也很慷慨和真诚)”符合题意。故选B
项。
14．词义猜测题。根据第四段“It is sad to know many people do have an unclear idea about China-a long
history, a large population, the Great Wall, Panda Express, festivals, tea, kongfu movies, cheap and bad clothes, the
manufacturing power, a very large internal market, and hardworking(遗憾的是，许多人对中国有着不清楚的认
识——历史悠久，人口众多，长城，熊猫快餐，节日，茶，功夫片，廉价和劣质的衣服，制造业的力量，
非常大的内部市场，以及勤奋)”可知，很多人对中国的认识是不清楚的，凭想当然的一种刻板印象。因此，划线词所在句子的意思为“如果我可以这么说的话，这给我们提供了一个种族主义者对中国人的刻板印
象”，划线词stereotype的意思为C项“a fixed and often false idea(一种固定的、通常是错误的看法)”符合题
意。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。根据第三段“That provides us, if I can say so, a racist’s stereotype of Chinese people(如
果我可以这么说的话，这给我们提供了一个种族主义者对中国人的刻板印象)”以及最后一段“In many
cases, the first impression of some Westerners about China is no more than rudeness but it is actually not that
simple…I am overjoyed that he understands the generosity, sincerity and other good qualities of Chinese people. To
me, no matter what the Westerners’ opinions are, what really matters is how we behave and the way we treat others.
(在许多情况下，一些西方人对中国的第一印象不过是粗鲁无礼，但实际上并不是那么简单……我很高兴他
了解中国人的慷慨、真诚和其他优良品质。对我来说，不管西方人的意见是什么，真正重要的是我们的行
为举止和对待他人的方式。)”可知，作者认为，很多人对中国人的了解是片面的，他们对中国人存在刻板
印象，是实际上并不能这么简单的看，作者和萨姆·马西的都认为中国人是慷慨、真诚的。因此，作者对萨
姆·马西的书的态度是A项“approving(赞成)”符合题意。故选A项。
2.【2020届辽宁省沈阳市东北育才学校高中部高三第八次模拟】
The chief problem in dealing with foreign motorists is not so much remembering that they are different from
you, but that they are largely variable. Cross a frontier(边境) without adjusting and you can be in deep trouble.
One of the greatest gulfs separating the driving nations is the Atlantic Ocean. Or rather, it is the mental distance
between the European and the American motorist, particularly the South American motorist. Compare, for example,
an English driver at a set of traffic lights with a Brazilian.
Very rarely will an Englishman try to anticipate(预先准备) the green light by moving off. You will find the
occasional someone who watches for the yellow light to come up on the set of lights. However, he will not go until
he receives the lawful signal. Brazilians view the thing quite differently. If, in fact, they see traffic lights, they regard
them as a kind of roadside decoration.
The natives of North America are much more disciplined. They show this in their addiction to driving in one
lane(车道) and sticking to it—even if it means settling behind some great truck for many miles.
To prevent other drivers from falling into wrong ways, American motorists try always to stay close behind the
vehicle in front which can make it impossible to make a real lane change. European visitors are always falling into
this trap. They return to the Old World still waving their arms in disappointment because while driving in the State
in their cars they kept failing to get off the highway when they wanted to and were swept along to the next city.However, one nation above all others lives cautiously by its traffic regulations — the Swiss. In Switzerland, if
you were simply to anticipate a traffic light, the chances are that the motorist behind you would take your number
and report you to the police. There are slight regional variations among the French, German and Italian speaking
areas, but it is generally safe to assume that any car bearing a CH sticker will be driven with a high degree of
discipline.
12．How do American drivers behave on the road according to the passage?
A．They run the red light sometimes.
B．They drive close behind other drivers.
C．They care little about the traffic light.
D．They start their car at the yellow light.
13．Which people take the traffic light most seriously?
A．The Swiss. B．The Brazilians.
C．The English. D．The French.
14．The passage is mainly developed by ____.
A．analyzing causes B．describing changes
C．making comparisons D．pointing out similarities
15．Which part of a newspaper is the passage probably taken from?
A．Culture. B．Business.
C．Entertainment. D．Geography.
【答案】12．B13．A14．C15．A
【解析】这是一篇议论文，本文论述了各个国家的司机对交通规则的重视程度。
12．细节理解题。根据第五段“American motorists try always to stay close behind the vehicle in front which can
make it impossible to make a real lane change.” 美国的驾车者总是尽量跟在前面的车后面，这样就不可能进
行真正的变道。可知，美国的司机开车总是紧随着前一辆车的后面。故选B项。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段“one nation above all others lives cautiously by its traffic regulations — the
Swiss. In Switzerland, if you were simply to anticipate a traffic light, the chances are that the motorist behind you
would take your number and report you to the police.”有一个国家在遵守交通规则方面格外谨慎，那就是瑞士。
在瑞士，如果你只是提前看到红绿灯，你后面的司机很可能会记下你的号码，然后向警察报案。可知，瑞
士人最重视交通信号灯。故选A项。
14．细节理解题。根据“Compare, for example, an English driver at a set of traffic lights with a Brazilian.”例如，
比较一下在一组交通灯前的英国司机和巴西司机。第四段“The natives of North America are much moredisciplined.”北美的土著人更有纪律性。以及第五段“However, one nation above all others lives cautiously by
its traffic regulations — the Swiss.” 然而，有一个国家在遵守交通规则方面格外谨慎，那就是瑞士。可知，
本文是通过对比各个国家的司机对交通规则的重视程度进行论述的。故选C项。
15．推理判断题。A. Culture文化；B. Business商业；C. Entertainment娱乐；D. Geography地理。根据全文
主题句The chief problem in dealing with foreign motorists is not so much remembering that they are different from
you, but that they are largely variable. Cross a frontier(边境) without adjusting and you can be in deep trouble.（与
外国司机打交道的主要问题不是记住他们与你不同，而是记住他们在很大程度上是可变的。不调整就跨越
边界，你可能会陷入大麻烦。）以及全文内容可知，本文介绍的是文化的差异导致各个国家的交通习惯不
同，所以这篇文章最可能出现在文化这一板块。故选A项
3.【湖北省武汉市部分学校2020届高三上学期起点质量监测】
The Notre Dame fire has been put out, but its spire and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged.
The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. On Chinese social media network
Wechat a common comment on the disaster is: "What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder
anymore. "
But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely via a video game called Assassin's
Creed: Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings exactly like what
they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with virtual reality technology, which is
already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there. Maybe digital
technology could help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.
The idea of digitizing ancient buildings, making digital models of them so their data can be saved，dates back
to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings
with lasers，building 3D models with multiple images，as well as measuring everything precisely，engineers can
make a copy as accurate as the real one.
As computers and smartphones are hugely popular，the digital replica（复制品）has great use value. First，
it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them，which helps protect them. The virtual tour of
Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing
near them. Furthermore，it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them
via the Internet. In 2000，a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo，which
increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all，it preserves all theinformation of the cultural relics. Even if the original ones are damaged one day，people can still know what they
were like and can build a replica if desired.
Of course，however precise a model is，it is not the original. Time is the biggest threat to a country's architectural
heritage，which will always become ruins with the passing of time. Maybe we will have better technologies in the
future，but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.
11. What can we see about Notre Dame in the game？（ ）
A. The damaged parts. B. Its wooden shape.
C. Its original look. D. The big fire.
12. What will engineers do to create a digital replica of the ancient buildings？（ ）
A. Improve the technology needed. B. Scan the photos of the buildings
C. Build 3D models of full size. D. Measure all the parts exactly.
13. What value does a digital replica have？（ ）
A. It keeps the relics safe. B. It helps to guard the relics.
C. It gathers data of the relics. D. It advertises the history of the relics.
14. How does the author prove the digital copy has vital practical importance？（ ）
A. By comparison. B. By giving examples. C. By classification D. By listing data.
15. What is the authors attitude towards the application of digital technology？（ ）
A. Doubtful. B. Delighted. C. Supportive. D. Conservative.
【答案】11.C12.D13.A14.B15.C
【分析】本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是现代技术的发展衍生了保护建筑文化遗迹的一种的新的手段——
数字副本，并讨论了这种技术的优点，及作者对其的态度。
11.细节理解题。根据第二段的In this game, the player can travel to one city after another and enter the buildings
exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. 在这个游戏中，玩家可以从一
个城市到另一个城市，进入与现实中的建筑一模一样的建筑中，看到火灾前的圣母院。由此可知，在游戏
中我们可以看到巴黎圣母院原来的样子，故选C。
12.细节理解题。根据第三段的By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers，building 3D models with multiple
images，as well as measuring everything precisely，engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one. 通过
扫描激光的古代建筑,与多个图像建立三维模型,以及测量精确,工程师可以复制一样准确真实。由此可知，
工程师会准确测量所有古代建筑的零部件来创造该古代建筑的数字副本，故选D。
13.细节理解题。根据第三段的 it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them，which helps
protect them. 它让游客感受到文物不碰它们，这有助于保护他们。由此可知，一个数字副本的价值是它能够确保文物的安全，故选A。
14.推理判断题。根据第三段的The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this
as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them…. In 2000，a virtual tour of the Great Wall became
very popular at the Hannover World Expo，…由此可知，在论证数字副本的作用的每一个分论点之后，举出
了敦煌莫高窟和长城两个例子，故可知作者通过举例子证明数字副本的重要意义，故选B。
15.推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为时间是一个国家的建筑遗产的最大威胁，随着时间的流逝可
能会成为废墟，但数字技术可能会提供了一个可行的方法来保护文化遗产。由此可推知，作者对数字技术
的应用程序持有保守的态度。A. Doubtful.疑惑的；B. Delighted.高兴的；C. Supportive.支持的；D. Conserva
tive.保守的。故选C。
4.【四川省宜宾市2018-2020学年高三上学期第一次诊断】
Being stuck behind crowds of slow walkers when you’re in a hurry is one of the most annoying
things. But now, Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex, one of the UK’s largest shopping malls, has
introduced its very own fast lane(通道) for shoppers in a hurry, aiming to help impatient shoppers avoid
slow walkers and the anger that goes with them.
The Lakeside Shopping Center in Essex has introduced a 720-foot “fast lane” reserved for fast
walkers only, just in time for the Christmas rush. The center’s management team said: “the lane will
help the shoppers who know where they want to go quickly and don’t want to get caught in behind
unhurried shoppers at the busiest time of the year.”
The fast lane was introduced after a MasterCard survey found that 80 percent of consumers found
slow walkers their biggest annoyance while shopping. The research also found that the average
walking speed slowed down by 21 percent during the Christmas shopping period, as most shoppers
spent more time window shopping during this period.
Gary Mortimer, an expert from the Queensland University of Technology, said he wasn’t surprised
by the promotion about the launch of the fast lane, and thought the concept would appeal to
shoppers all over the world. “Crowded parking lots and busy shopping centers tend to be two of the
biggest complaints of shoppers over the festive season,” he said. “I think the fast lanes are a new
approach. However, I suspect it will be a bit like fast lanes on the highway, so it might end up being
more trouble than its worth.”
The MasterCard survey also identified the four most common types of shoppers. They include“Skaters”－the 31 percent of shoppers who try and make their way through crowds politely,
“Dodgers” － the 51 percent of customers who move down the paths to avoid slow walkers,
“Bulldozers”－the 11 percent who push their way through crowds, and “Tutters”－the l5 percent who
express their frustrations to slow walkers.
28.The fast lane is intended for the shoppers who .
A. can’t move quickly because of physical disabilities
B. buy things on their shopping lists quickly
C. take their time to do window shopping
D. want to leave the mall quickly
29.What is Gary Mortimer’s attitude to the fast lane?
A. Supportive. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Objective.
30.Who patiently moves behind a slow crowd?
A. Skaters. B. Dodgers. C. Bulldozers. D. Tutters.
31.What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Shopping can be annoying sometimes.
B. How to avoid “slow walkers” when shopping.
C. The problems that shopping centers face during busy holidays.
D. The shopping mall creates the fast lane to avoid “slow walkers”.
【答案】28.B29.D30.A31.D
【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要写了，针对圣诞节期间的顾客，购物中心创造快速车道避免"慢行者"，
并针对这一现象进行了讨论。
28.细节理解题。根据第一段But now, Lakeside Shopping Centre in Essex, one of the UK’s largest shopping malls,
has introduced its very own fast lane(通道) for shoppers in a hurry, aiming to help impatient shoppers avoid slow
walkers and the anger that goes with them.（但现在，英国最大的购物中心之一埃塞克斯的湖畔购物中心
(Lakeside Shopping Centre)为匆忙的购物者推出了自己的“快车道”，旨在帮助没有耐心的购物者避免走得
慢以及随之而来的愤怒。）可知“快车道”是专为那些在购物单上快速购物的人设计的。故选B。
29.推理判断题。根据文中Gary Mortimer说的话："I think the fast lanes are a novel approach. However, I suspect
it will be a bit like fast lanes on the highway, so it might end up being more trouble than its worth.""我认为快车道
是一种新颖的方法。但是，我怀疑它会有点像高速公路上的快车道，所以它可能比它的价值更麻烦。"可见
他对于fast lane的评价是客观的，既说出它的优点也指出了它可能存在的问题，所以答案选D。30.细节理解题。根据最后一段中They include "Skaters"-the 31 percent of shoppers who try and make their way
through crowds politely,可见Skaters是礼貌地试着穿过人群。所以答案选A。
31.主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句one of the UK's largest shopping malls, has introduced its very own fast lane
for shoppers in a hurry, aiming to help impatient shoppers avoid slow walkers-and the rage that goes with them.是
本文的主旨句，购物中心创造快速车道避免"慢行者"，所以答案选D。
5.【黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2020届高三上学期第一次验收】
We talk continuously about how to make children tougher and stronger, but whatever we’re doing, it’s not
working. Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers. What are we doing wrong?
Nassim Taleb invented the word “antifragile” and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems
that gain from shocks, challenges, and disorder. The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to
certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (过敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability.
Children’s social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems. If we overprotect kids and
keep them “safe” from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions, we deprive (剥夺) them of the challenges
and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong. Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed
later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events, such as teasing and social rejection.
It’s not the kids’ fault. In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as
cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents
that now occur less and less. Outdoor play and independent mobility went down; screen time and adult-monitored
activities went up.
Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks, and learn to master small
dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence. Depriving them of
free play prevents their social-emotional growth. Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair
warned: “We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from
participating in age-adequate risky play.”
They wrote those words in 2011. Over the following few years, their prediction came true. Kids born after 1994 are
suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than did the previous generation. Besides, there
is also a rise in the rate at which teenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves.
What can we do to change these trends? How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and
extraordinary challenges of life? We can’t guarantee that giving primary school children more independence todaywill bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow. The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental
illness are suggestive but not clear-cut. Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile
kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong, we are systematically preventing their growth. We
should let go—and let them grow.
32. Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2?
A. To stress its importance. B. To help understand a new word.
C. To question the latest discovery. D. To analyze the cause of anxiety.
33. Parents overprotect children because ______.
A. children are not independent enough
B. they want to keep children from being teased
C. parent-monitored activities are a must
D. they are concerned about their children’s safety
34. According to the author, free play can ______.
A. reduce children’s risky behavior B. strengthen children’s friendship
C. promote children’s toughness D. develop children’s leadership skills
35. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A. Stop trying to perfect your child.
B. It takes great courage to raise children.
C. While we try to teach our children all about life, our children teach us what life is all about.
D. Prepare the child for the road, not the road for the child.
【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.D
【解析】这是一篇议论文。青少年中焦虑症和抑郁症的发病率正在迅速上升。我们做错了什么？对此短文
从不同的角度分析了它产生的原因，这种趋势发展下去所导致的后果，并提出了自己的观点--- 让孩子准备
好上路，而不是准备好道路给孩子走。
32.推理判断题。由第二段，第三段“ The immune (免疫的) system is one of them: it requires exposure to
certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens (过敏原) in childhood in order to develop to its full ability. Children’s
social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems”可知，免疫系统就是其中之一：它需要
在儿童时期接触某些种类的细菌和潜在的过敏原，才能使孩子具有完全的免疫力。孩子们的社交和情感能
力和他们的免疫系统一样具有“抗弱性”。所以通过免疫系统功能的介绍和孩子们的社交和情感能力与免
疫系统的比较。可以判断出，作者在第2段提到免疫系统是为了帮助理解一个新词。故选B项。33.细节理解题。由第四段“In the UK, as in the US, parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as
cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone, more and more, to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents
that now occur less and less”可知，在英国，在美国也一样，在20世纪80年代和90年代，随着有线电视和
后来的互联网让每个人越来越多地接触到那些现在越来越少发生的罕见的犯罪和事故，父母们变得更加恐
惧。所以父母过度保护孩子，因为他们担心孩子的安全。故选D项。
34.细节理解题。由第五段“Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement, take small risks,
and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical
competence”可知，然而，孩子们在自由玩耍中制定自己的参与规则，他们能承担小风险，学会掌控小危险
的能力，这对成人社交能力甚至身体能力的发展都是至关重要的。所以根据作者所说，自由玩耍可以促进
儿童的韧性的提高。故选C项。
35.推理判断题。由最后段“... we are systematically preventing their growth. We should let go—and let them
grow.”可知，我们正在系统地阻止他们的成长。我们应该放手让他们成长。所以通过作者所说的我们能够
判断出，作者希望成年人在孩子成长过程中，成年人应该让孩子准备好踏上成长之路，成年人应该让孩子
自己走上成长之路，去经历挫折和失败，这样才能使孩子变得更加的坚强。故D选项“让孩子准备好上路，
而不是准备好道路给孩子走”。是作者所同意的。故选D项。
6.【浙江省名校新高考研究联盟(Z20联盟)2020届高三上学期第一次联考】
Roughly the size of a soda can, sitting on a bookshelf, a relatively harmless device(设备) may be turning friends
away from your home. The elephant in your living room is your Internet-connected camera, a device people are
increasingly using for peace of mind in their homes. But few stop to think about the effect these devices may have
on house guests. Should you tell your friends, for instance, that they’re being recorded while you all watch the big
game together?
"It’s certainly new territory, especially as home security cameras become easier to fix," says Lizzie Post, president
of the Emily Post Institute, America’s distinguished manners advisors. " I think it will be very interesting to see what
manners appear in terms of whether you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask
that it be turned off, if it’s not a security issue. "Post wants to make clear that she’s not talking about legal rights, but
rather personal preference.
When it comes to security cameras, Post says it’s a host’s responsibility to make sure guests feel comfortable
within their home. If the host casually acknowledges that there is a camera in the room by telling a story about it, that
may be enough to provide an opening for a guest to say if they are uncomfortable.
However, if a contractor(合约工)is working in your home, you don’t need to tell them that there are cameraswatching. Then again, the camera can also work in contractors’ favor. "If anything does go wrong while they’re in
the house, they don’t want to be blamed for it," she says. "In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they
didn’t steal the $20, or knock the vase off the table.
27. The visitors arc concerned that the security camera may .
A. threaten their health B. spoil their peace of mind
C. disturb their privacy D. affect their preference
28. What is a host’s responsibility concerning the security camera?
A. Indicating its position. B. Making their guests feel at case
C. Turning it oil in time. D. Having a casual talk with guests.
29. How can the hone security camera benefit contractors working in your home?
A. It can prevent the accidents happening. B. It can prove their innocence.
C. It can record their working progress. D. It can make their work more enjoyable.
30. What’s the author’s attitude towards the security camera?
A. Negative. B. Pessimistic.C. Favorable. D. Objective.
【答案】27.C28.B29.B30.D
【解析】这是一篇议论文。人们越来越多地在家里使用联网摄像头这种设备来获得内心的平静，但很少有
人会停下来考虑这些设备可能对住客产生的影响。有人认为说到安全摄像头，确保客人在家里感到舒适是
主人的责任。如果主人通过讲述一个故事，漫不经心地承认房里有一台照相机，这可能足以让客人开口说
他们是否感到不舒服。
27.细节理解题。根据第二段中" I think it will be very interesting to see what manners appear in terms of whether
you tell people you have a camera or not, and whether guests have a right to ask that it be turned off, if it’s not a
security issue. "（他说:“我认为，如果不存在安全问题，看看你是否告诉别人你有相机，以及客人是否有权
要求关掉相机，这将是一件非常有趣的事情。”）可知参观者担心安全摄像头可能会干扰他们的隐私。故
选C。
28.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句When it comes to security cameras, Post says it’s a host’s responsibility to
make sure guests feel comfortable within their home.（说到安全摄像头，波斯特说，确保客人在家里感到舒适
是主人的责任。）可知安全摄像头，主人的责任是让客人感到自在。故选B。
29.细节理解题。根据最后一句In fact, the camera could be the thing that proves that they didn’t steal the $20, or
knock the vase off the table.（事实上，相机可以证明他们没有偷那 20美元，也没有把花瓶从桌子上摔下
来。）可知家庭安全摄像头可以通过证明在家工作的合约工的无辜而使他们受益。故选B。30.推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者采用第三方观点对安全摄像头进行论述，并没有说明自己支持还
是反对安全摄像头，因此作者的态度是客观的。故选D。
7.【黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学2020届高三上学期8月开学考试】
Whenever we're introduced to strangers, we make snap decisions about them according to our first
impressions. Are they attractive Or how much do they earn?
For most Brits, simply asking someone how much they're worth' financially is considered very impolite. Thankfully,
most people are kind enough to drop several hints (暗示)about their relative wealth or successful careers They always
post on social media about flying to a meeting for work. They're always wearing clothes with labels big enough to
silently scream about how rich they are and how well they're doing.
It's a worrying trend, and I'm not immune to it. I've felt the warm happiness of knowing I earned more than
somebody, and the baseless grey irritation of knowing that I earn less than another. I've checked into places while I
know full well that anybody reading it will get jealous.
It seems as though self-worth is increasingly being tied to the careers we choose and the money we earn. A study in
2013, for example found that nearly 17% of unemployed Americans were depressed compared to almost 6% of those
who had a permanent job.
We need to stop placing so much value on what a person earns. Don't get me wrong-being ambitious is not a fault, and
achievements should always be celebrated. But when a person uses their success to judge you negatively it becomes
a problem
If you want to know what you're really worth, here's a tip: It doesn't have anything to do with your bank account.
It's about how many times you've been there for your friends. It's how many times you've been kind to a stranger It's
every time you did something unselfish, or told your partner you loved him/her, or treated someone with respect no
matter where they were in their own life.
28.What can we learn from the second paragraph?
A. Most Brits are polite.
B. Most Brits love asking others about wealth.
C. Most Brits like to show off their wealth and career.
D. Most Brits have lots of wealth and successful careers
29. What does the underlined word “immune” mean?
A. Exposed. B. Accustomed. C. Addicted D. Unaffected.
30. What does the example of the study in 2013 show?A. People think self-value isn't tied to wealth and career.
B. People tend to think wealth and career reflect self-value
C. People tend to feel depressed because of their unemployment.
D. People get to stop placing so much value on wealth and career.
31. What is the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To convince us what self-value lies in.
B. To explain why we show off our wealth.
C. To tell us how we deal with our wealth and career.
D. To help us how we choose the careers and earn more money.
【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A
【解析】这是一篇议论文。作者抨击了一种现象：人们都认为自我价值依赖于你从事的事业和你的财富。
作者最后提出人生的自我价值应该体现在友爱、善良和无私等方面。
28.细节理解题。根据第二段中 They always post on social media about flying to a meeting for work. They're
always wearing clothes with labels big enough to silently scream about how rich they are and how well they're
doing.（他们总是在社交媒体上发布关于坐飞机去开会的消息。他们总是穿着印有大品牌的衣服，大到足
以无声地大声疾呼他们多么富有，他们做得多么好。）可知大部分英国人爱炫耀自己的事业和财富。故选
C。
29.词义猜测题。根据下文I've felt the warm happiness of knowing I earned more than somebody, and the baseless
grey irritation of knowing that I earn less than another.（当我知道自己比别人挣得多时，我感到了温暖的幸福;当
我知道自己比别人挣得少时，我感到了毫无根据的灰色烦恼。）可知作者也会为比别人挣得多而高兴，比
别人挣得少而恼怒，可知作者也摆脱不了世俗。所以这里作者是说“我也不是不受这种趋势影响”。故划
线部分单词意思为“不受影响的”。故选D。
30.推理判断题。根据第四段第一句It seems as though self-worth is increasingly being tied to the careers we
choose and the money we earn.（自我价值似乎越来越多地与我们选择的职业和挣到的钱联系在一起。）可知
作者通过2013年的调查来说明人们都认为自己价值依赖于自己从事的事业和财富。故选B。
31.推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句If you want to know what you're really worth, here's a tip: It doesn't have
anything to do with your bank account.（如果你想知道自己真正的价值，这里有个小建议:它与你的银行账户
无关。）作者点出了人生价值的真正所在，可知作者的写作目的在于说服我们什么是自我价值。故选A。
8.【广东省惠州市2019-2020学年高三上学期第一次调研】Being "young is associated with all the good things in life - beauty, hope, and energy. But youth also has negative
associations - impulsiveness, trouble -making, and irresponsibility. This negative side seems to be what society
focuses on more, which is why young people have mostly been considered as idle and difficult.
But when it comes to Generation Z - those born between 1996 and 2010 - this stereotype doesn't seem to apply
.
anymore
In Japan, for example, Gen Z-ers are less likely to buy on impulse, but take into consideration more a product's
true value. They' re looking at the companies, not just the products," Masahiko Uotani, CEO of Japanese cosmetics
company Shiseido, told Bloomberg. They're asking, 'Are they really delivering value to the society? Are they
promoting diversity and inclusion?"
Gen Z-ers are also more grounded than we' ve expected them to be. According to a recent survey by Bank of
America, more than half of young adults aged between 18 and 23 said they were planning to buy a house within five
years. And they' re not just saying it - they are willing to make sacrifices for it, including getting a second job and
saving money for down payment instead of spending it on a vacation.
"Despite their young age, this group is pragmatic and actively planning for their future," D.Steve Boland, head
of Consumer Lending at Bank of America, told USA Today. "They have a clear vision how they are willing to help
themselves in order to make it happen.
Social issues are also at the center of concern of Gen Z-ers, who take themselves as a changing force of the
world. In India, for example, young people who have just reached the voting age are eager to vote for a new leader
who is capable of solving problems that matter the most to them, including pollution, unemployment and women' s
safety.
As a Gen-Zer yourself, what is your plan for the future?
8. What do the underlined words this stereotype" in paragraph2 refer to ?
A. Being young is good.
B. Gen Z-ers are born after 1996.
C. The traditional poor impressions on the youth.
D. The associations with young people.
9. We can infer from the third paragraph that______________.
A. Gen Z-ers in Japan are picky
B. The Gen Z-ers are self-centered
C. The Gen Z-ers care little about products
D. The Gen Z-ers are wise when shopping10. What's Steve Boland's attitude to the Gen Z-ers ?
A. Approving. B. Negative.
C. Indifferent. D. Critical.
11. Which of the following words may best describe the Gen Z-era?
A. Confident and independent. B. Visionary and responsible.
C. Persistent and down-to-earth. D. Active and creative.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章指出年轻一代一般不被看好，但是 Generation Z不一样，他们在日常生活
中展示了他们明智，务实，远见，和社会责任感。
8.词义猜测题。根据文章中的 young people have mostly been considered as idle and difficult. But when it comes
to Generation Z - those born between 1996 and 2010 - this stereotype doesn't seem to apply anymore.（年轻人
大多被认为是游手好闲，难以相处的，但是当谈到Zgeneration时，这种不好的印象不再适应他们了），可
知，this stereotype 指的就是上句中提到的年轻人懒散，不容易相处的性格特点。C. The traditional poor
impressions on the youth.（传统上对年轻人不好的映像）符合题意。故选C项。
9.推理判断题。根据第三段中的In Japan, for example, Gen Z-ers are less likely to buy on impulse, but take into
consideration more a product's true value.（举例来说，在日本Gen Z-ers在购物时没有那么冲动，而是更多考
虑产品的真正价值）可知，Gen Z-ers在购物时很理智。D. The Gen Z-ers are wise when shopping（Gen Z-ers在
购物时很明智）符合以上说法。故选D项。
10.推理判断题。根据文章第五段的Despite their young age, this group is pragmatic and actively planning for their
future," D.Steve Boland, "They have a clear vision how they are willing to help themselves in order to make it
happen.（史蒂夫兰博说：“尽管他们很年轻但是他们是务实的，积极规划自己的将来，他们有一个清晰的
愿景，那就是为了实现目标他们愿意帮助自己”）可知，史蒂夫兰博对于Gen Z-ers的态度是赞赏的。故选
A项。
11.推理判断题。根据文章第五段的They have a clear vision how they are willing to help themselves in order to
make it happen.（他们有一个清晰的愿景，那就是为了实现目标他们愿意帮助自己）和Social issues are also
at the center of concern of Gen Z-ers, who take themselves as a changing force of the world.（社会问题也是Gen
Z-ers一代关注的中心，他们认为自己是改变世界的力量）可知，Gen Z-ers有远见和社会责任感。B.
Visionary and responsible.（有远见和责任感）符合以上说法。故选B项。
9.【河北省唐山市第一中学2019-2020学年高三10月调研】
Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those who grow up in the right family, and othersbelieve that success mostly comes down to luck. I’m not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances don’t come into
play because they do. Some people are born into the right family while others are born with great intelligence, and
that’s just the reality of how life is.
However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in
addition to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and
practicing. To become great at certain things, it’ll require even more time, time that most people won’t put in.
This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love. If you don’t enjoy what
you do, it is going to feel like unbearable pain and will likely make you quit well before you ever become good at
it.
When you see people exhibiting some great skills or having achieved great success, you know that they have
put in a huge part of their life to get there at a huge cost. It’s sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born
with some rare talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and there’s a huge chance that you’re wrong
anyway.
Whatever you do, if you want to become great at it, you need to work day in and day out, almost to the point of
addiction, and over a long period of time. If you’re not willing to put in the time and work, don’t expect to receive
any rewards. Consistent, toil (苦干) won’t guarantee you the level of success you may want, but it will guarantee that
you will become really good at whatever it is you put all that work into.
.
32 Paragraph 1 mainly talks about ________.
A. the reasons for success B. the meaning of success
C. the standards of success D. the importance of success
33. Successful people suggest doing what one loves because ________.
A. work makes one feel pain B. one tends to enjoy his work
C. one gives up his work easily D. it takes a lot of time to succeed
34. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?
A. Successful people like to show their great skills.
B. People need to achieve success at the cost of life.
C. People sometimes succeed without luck or talent.
D. It helps to think that luck or talent leads to success.
35. What could be the best title for the text?
A. Success ― the child of talent and luck
B. Success ― altitude rather than attitudeC. Time and tide wait for no man
D. Time and toil make for success
【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要论述了成功的关键因素不是天赋、出身或运气，而是设定一个符合实
际的目标，然后为此不断地努力、付出。巨大的努力也许无法确保你想要的成功，但是你为之付出的(领
域)一定会成为你的优势所在。
32.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的I’m not going to say luck, talent, and circumstances don’t come into play because
they do.（我不会说运气、天赋和环境不发挥作用，因为它们起作用）可知，“运气”“天赋”“环境”等
都是指成功的条件或理由，因此第一段主要谈论成功的原因。本段中并没有讲什么是成功，排除选项B(成
功的含义)和C(成功的标准)；也没讲成功对人生有哪些重要性，也容易排除选项D。故A选项正确。
33.细节理解题。根据第三段中的This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you
love.（这就是为什么许多成功人士建议你做你喜欢的事情的一个重要原因），此处的this就是指代上文的
内容，即第二段的最后两句话one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. To become great
at certain things, it'll require even more time, time that most people won't put in.（一个人至少要花1万个小时学
习和练习。要想在某些事情上变得出色，需要更多的时间，而这些时间是大多数人不会投入的），由此可
知，要成功需要花费大量的时间。故D选项正确。
34.推理判断题。根据第四段中的It’s sometimes easy to think they got lucky or they were born with some rare
talent, but thinking that way does you no good, and there’s a huge chance that you’re wrong anyway.（有时很容易
认为他们是幸运的，或者他们生来就有一些罕见的天赋，但是这样想对你没有好处，而且无论如何你都有
很大的可能是错的）可推知，有时候人们的成功并不是靠这些因素，即使没有运气或天赋也能成功。故 C
选项正确。
35.主旨大意题。概括全文可知，文章主要指出成功的关键不是靠天赋、出身或运气，没有大量的时间和练
习，一个人是不会取得成功的。因此，D项“时间和辛劳成就成功”适合做本文最佳标题。故D选项正确。
10.【湖北省鄂州市颚南高中2019-2020学年高三10月联考】
Janus, the Roman god, has two faces looking in opposite directions. So does artificial intelligence (AI). On one
side are the positive changes, enabling people to achieve more, far more quickly, by using technology to improve
their existing skills. Look the other way, though, and there are plenty of potential pitfalls.
Like Janus, technological change may also cause disruption(混乱), but AI is likely to have a bigger impact than
anything since the appearance of computers, and its consequences could be far more disruptive.
In the years ahead, AI will raise three big questions for bosses and governments. One is the effect on jobs.Although CEOs publicly praise the broad benefits AI will bring, their main interest lies in cutting costs. One European
bank asked Infosys to find a way of reducing the staff in its operations department from 50,000 to 500. The McKinsey
Global Institute estimates that by 2030 up to 375m people, or 14% of the global workforce, could have their jobs
replaced by AI.
A second important question is how to protect privacy as AI spreads. The internet has already made it possible
to track people’s digital behavior in minute detail. AI will offer even better tools for businesses to monitor consumers
and employees, both online and in the physical world. Consumers are sometimes happy to go along with this if it
results in personalised service or promotions. But AI is bound to bring invasion of privacy that is seen as unacceptable.
For example, law-enforcement officials around the world will use AI to spot criminals, but may also monitor ordinary
citizens.
The third question is about the effect of AI on competition in business. A technology company that achieves a
major breakthrough in artificial intelligence could race ahead of rivals, put others out of business and lessen
competition. This is unlikely to happen in the near future, but if it did it would be of great concern.
It is too early to tell whether the positive changes brought by AI will outweigh the risk. But it will put an end to
traditional ways of doing things and start a new era for business and for the world at large.
32. Janus is mentioned to .
A. introduce the topic B. praise the Roman god
C. tell its difference D. support AI
33. The underlined word “pitfalls” in paragraph 1 is probably means .
A. consequences B. risks C. effects D. benefits
34. What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. AI is a double-edged sword.
B. People show great concern about AI.
C. privacy is threatened by AI.
D. AI will enjoy a bright future.
35. What’s the author’s attitude towards AI?
A. Objective. B. Positive. C. Worried. D. Subjective.
【答案】32. A 33. B 34. A 35. A
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了人工智能是一把双刃剑。人工智能带来的积极变化是否会超过风
险，现在下结论还为时过早。但它将终结传统的做事方式，开启一个商业和整个世界的新时代。
32.推理判断题。根据第一段Janus, the Roman god, has two faces looking in opposite directions. So does artificialintelligence (AI). On one side are the positive changes, enabling people to achieve more, far more quickly, by using
technology to improve their existing skills. Look the other way, though, and there are plenty of potential pitfalls.（杰纳
斯，罗马的神，有两张脸朝相反的方向。人工智能也是如此。一方面是积极的变化，使人们能够通过使用
技术来提高他们现有的技能，从而更快地实现更多的目标。尽管如此，看看其他方式，有很多潜在的陷
阱。）由此推断出，文中提到“杰纳斯”是为了引出“人工智能”具有两面性这个话题，故选A。
33.词义猜测题。上文提到了积极的变化，最后一段It is too early to tell whether the positive changes brought by
AI will outweigh the risk.（人工智能带来的积极变化是否会超过风险，现在下结论还为时过早。）由此可知
下文Look the other way, though, and there are plenty of potential pitfalls.的意思是尽管如此，看看其他方式，
有很多潜在的风险。“pitfalls”的意思是风险。A. consequences结果；B. risks风险；C. effects影响；D.
benefits利益，故选B。
34.主旨大意题。第一段 Janus, the Roman god, has two faces looking in opposite directions. So does artificial
intelligence (AI).（杰纳斯，罗马的神，有两张脸朝相反的方向。人工智能(AI)也是如此。）是全文的主题句
结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了人工智能是一把双刃剑。故选A。
35.推理判断题。根据最后一段It is too early to tell whether the positive changes brought by AI will outweigh the
risk. But it will put an end to traditional ways of doing things and start a new era for business and for the world at
large.（人工智能带来的积极变化是否会超过风险，现在下结论还为时过早。但它将终结传统的做事方式，
开启一个商业和整个世界的新时代。）由此推断出，作者对人工智能的态度是客观的，故选A。
通过对关键词，关键短语或者是关键的句子的把握是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法之一，它们往往隐藏
着深层的意思。小题4根据最后一段It is too early to tell whether the positive changes brought by AI will outweigh
the risk. But it will put an end to traditional ways of doing things and start a new era for business and for the world
at large.（人工智能带来的积极变化是否会超过风险，现在下结论还为时过早。但它将终结传统的做事方式，
开启一个商业和整个世界的新时代。）由此推断出，作者对人工智能的态度是客观的，故选A。
