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Unit 4 What is life?
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．wayward adj.
2． vi.& n．颤抖，哆嗦(因寒冷、恐惧、激动等)
3．abyss n．
4． vi.回响，回荡 n．回响，回声，回音；映现，暗示，启示，反响；共鸣，
附和，重复
5．torture vt. n．
6． n．清晰，清楚，明确；清晰的思维(或理解)能力；(画面、物质或声音的)
清晰，清楚，清澈
7．prologue n．
8． n．磁铁，磁石，吸铁石；有吸引力的人(或地方、事物)；磁体，磁性物
体
9．epic adj. n．
10．heel n．
11．grip n． vt.(gripped，gripped)
12． vt.忽略，忽视，不予重视；疏于照顾，未予看管；疏忽，疏漏 n．忽略，
忽视，未被重视
13．faculty n．
14． n．凝视，注视 vi.凝视，注视，盯着
15． vt.产生重大影响，铭刻，使铭记；印，压印 n．印记，压印，痕迹；持
久影响
16．listlessness n．
17． n．一瞥，一看
18． n．(某地的)居民，栖息动物
19． n．弦外之音，言外之意，暗示
20．hint n． vi.& vt.
21． adj.小的，琐碎的，次要的；小气的，狭隘的
22．overwhelmingly adv.
23．mockery n．
24．compassionate adj.
25．vigor (BrE vigour) n．26．tenderness n．
27．hasty adj.
28．long v．渴望→ n．(对……的)渴望，热望 adj.渴望的，热望的，表示渴
望的
29． n．联合，结合，合并；工会；协会，联合会，会社，俱乐部→unite v．
团结；统一；(为某事)联合，联手→ adj.联合的；统一的；和谐的；一致的
30． n．(提及的两者中)后者 adj.(提及的两者中)后者的；后半期的，后面的
→(反义词)former adj.前任的；以前的；前者的
31． n．荣誉，光荣，桂冠 vi.因某事而喜悦，为某事而欣喜→glorious adj.值
得称道的；光荣的；荣耀的
32．hazy adj.朦胧的；薄雾蒙蒙的；记不清的→ adv.记不清地，模糊地
33．thrill vt.使非常兴奋；使非常激动 n．激动；兴奋→ adj.惊险的，紧张的，
扣人心弦的，令人兴奋不已的→ adj.非常兴奋；极为激动
34．companion n．伙伴；同伴→ n．友情，交谊，友谊
Ⅱ.核心短语
1．get to grips with sth
2．hold sway
3． 把……视为……
4． 总结
5．Achilles heel
6． 反思
Ⅲ.经典句型
1．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
And I have tried to understand the Pythagorean power above the
flux.
我试图理解毕达哥拉斯学派的理论，他们认为数字控制着万物流转。
2．so that引导的目的状语从句
Always my eyes are wide open to all the sights of both happiness and suffering
.
我的眼睛总是睁大的，可以看到幸福和痛苦的所有景象，这样我就可以深入探究，加深对人
们工作和生活方式的理解。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Danone Portugal introduced a new yogurt named Juntos.For every pack of yogurt that a
person bought ， he would donate yogurt to a family in need.Danone had done its
research.Increasingly，people say they want to buy from brands that give them a sense ofpurpose.Surely a yogurt that helped the needy would be appealing.But Juntos was a failure.Despite
sinking millions into a marketing campaign，Danone pulled Juntos from the market only months
after it was launched.Now the same product is simply marketed as a tasty yogurt.
What happened? To find the reason behind Juntos’ failure，Lawrence Williams and his
colleagues did an experiment where they showed people some products and asked these people to
pick one option.They reminded some to focus on the “purposeful and valuable” aspect while
others were told to “enjoy themselves” and focus on “delight and pleasure”．They found
that participants who prioritized meaning preferred the less expensive product when compared with
people who put pleasure in the first place.
So why were meaning-seekers cheaping out? Lawrence Williams asked participants to explain
their decision-making to find out.He learned that meaning-oriented people were not thinking about
how the product they might buy could bring meaning to their lives.Instead，they were occupied
with what else they could do with their money.
I am all for people making wise and strategic financial choices.But cheap products can create
many problems.Inexpensive options often do not last as long as the higher-end ones.As a result，
we shop more often，which is ultimately worse for our wallets.Plus，that spending pattern can do
greater damage to the environment.Thanks in part to fast fashion，people buy 60 percent more
clothing today than they did 15 years ago.The fashion industry alone emits more greenhouse gases
than international flights and maritime(海运的) shipping combined.
So before you dive into your wallet for some deals，try not to fix only on what you are
spending or saving.Think carefully about what you are buying，too.
1．What is the main reason for the failure of Juntos?
A．It ignored marketing strategies.
B．It priced itself relatively high.
C．It lacked a particularly good taste.
D．It focused on delight and pleasure.
2．What can be inferred about meaning-seekers?
A．They frequent high-end stores.
B．They think products extend their lives.
C．They hesitate to make decisions.
D．They make more purchases with money.
3．How is paragraph 4 mainly developed?
A．By giving some examples.
B．By listing numbers and data.
C．By explaining reasons.
D．By making some comparisons.
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text?A．Innovation：a Product’s Life
B．To Buy or Not to Buy
C．Meaning-seekers or Quality-pursuers
D．Fast Fashion：a Hit to Your Wallet
Ⅱ.七选五
Before we even realize it’s happening，slowly but surely，we start losing confidence in
who we are and what we do.You’re not alone. 1 Below are simple steps that it offers to help
you restore confidence quickly.
Figure Out the Root Cause.Knowing why you’re losing confidence is key to reversing that
downward spiral(螺旋)．Not only will it get your confidence back but also it will strengthen it in
the process.So，take the time to become aware of your environment，your thoughts，your
behaviors，and your relationships. 2
Strike a Pose.Simply put you stand straight，take up some space，put one hand on each
hip，chin tilted upward，breathe in，and be present.Hold this pose for a few minutes. 3 Our
attitudes often follow our behaviors，her research suggests，meaning that assuming the body
language of a powerful person can make anyone who does it feel more confident.
4 Losing confidence means you’ve given your power away.And one of the fastest ways
to take back your power is to utter a tiny two-letter word：NO.Practice saying “no” at least
once a day.It can be to your own judging voices of doubt，or it can be to the external factors
you’ve identified that have caused you to lose confidence.It ， along with these other
suggestions，is a very powerful step in restoring your confidence.
Losing Confidence in Ourselves Happens. 5 I bet if you ask the people closest to you in
your life，they’ll shrug and nod，letting you know that they’ve experienced self-doubt and a
loss of confidence，too.It’s part of being human and part of living this thing that we call life.
A．Just Say “No”．
B．You will benefit from it in the long term.
C．They may help you find out your mistakes.
D．It’s happened to me on more than one occasion.
E．It’s one of the power poses suggested by social psychologist Amy Cuddy.
F．In that case，you can identify the negative influences that need to be addressed.
G ． According to the online therapy platform Better Health ， everyone lacks confidence
occasionally.
Ⅲ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Andrew was a new student in my class，who had emotional management problems.Since he
had been suspended from class many times in previous years，I assured the worst when he came to
my class.Andrew sat at the back of the classroom.Every time I talked in front of the class，he would
chat with the students around and even laugh loudly.Every time I called on him to answer a
question，he would respond with a casual “I don’t know”．If I gave him a slight criticism，
he would become really angry.As an experienced teacher，I can always get students involved in
class discussion or at least motivate them to sit quietly and listen attentively.But for Andrew，I was
really powerless.He was just noisy and rude.
One day，Andrew was talking loudly in the class when I was teaching.I said in the usual tone
of voice，“Andrew，why don’t you join in our discussions but have one of your own？”
Hearing that，he got up from his chair，pushed the books over and shouted something.I couldn’t
hear clearly what he said other than several rude words.After the class，Andrew was sent to my
office，where I gave him a discipline referral—a week’s out-of-school suspension.Deep in my
mind，though，I didn’t expect referrals to be effective since students would return behaving
even worse than before.But what else could I do with such a trouble-maker?
I had to admit this was one of my most awful teaching experiences.Andrew’s anger was
almost unexpected and out of control.The week without Andrew’s presence was a wonderful
time，and the class went on smoothly and efficiently.However，with his suspension week drawing
to a close soon，I felt restless and uneasy.Would he disturb the class as always? Would he take
revenge(报复) on me?
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
On the day when Andrew was supposed to return，I waited for him at the door.
A flash of surprise spread over his face.
