第33讲阅读七选五-段中设空题（核心考点精讲精练）（原卷版）_03高考英语_通用版（老高考）复习资料_2024年复习资料_完备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮（全国通用）

第 33 讲 阅读七选五-段中设空题（核心考点精讲精练） 1. 三年真题七选五-段中设空题考点细目表 试卷 年份 体裁 主题语境 文 章 选项特征 设空位置 结构 段首 段中 段位 乙卷 2023 说明文 人与自然-室内 总 — 残缺句＋ 0 3 2 植物、及其好处 分 完整句 甲卷 2023 说明文 人与自我--变得 总 — 残缺句＋ 1 3 1 有耐心的方法 分 完整句 新高考 2023 说明文 人与自我--学会 总 — 完整句 0 4 1 Ⅰ卷 自我原谅 分 — 总 新高考 2023 说明文 人与自我--怎样 总 — 完整句 1 3 1 Ⅱ卷 开启艺术之旅 分 — 总 人与社会——人际 残缺句＋ 2022 应用文 总—分 3 1 1 关系 完整句 全 国 人与社会——人际 总—分 残缺句＋ 卷 2021 说明文 2 2 1 交往 —总 完整句 Ⅰ/全 人与自我——自我 国 2020 说明文 总—分 完整句 1 3 1 接纳 乙卷 人与自然——新鲜 2019 说明文 总—分 完整句 2 3 0 空气有助于健康 人与社会——社会 总—分 残缺句＋ 2022 说明文 1 3 1 与文化 —总 完整句 全 国 人与自然——环境 残缺句＋ 卷 2021 说明文 总—分 1 4 0 保护 完整句 Ⅱ/全 人与社会——表情 残缺句＋ 国 2020 说明文 并列式 1 4 0 符号与职场交流 完整句 甲卷 人与自我——有动 2019 议论文 总—分 完整句 1 4 0 力的方法 人与社会——乔迁 2020 说明文 总—分 完整句 2 2 1 全国 聚会 卷Ⅲ 人与自我——建立 2019 说明文 总—分 完整句 1 3 1 健康有益的互动交流 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】 从近三年命题的命题来看，此种题主要考查前后句子的逻辑性和内容的连贯性，和句子之间的衔接手法。 当设空在段中时，通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的街接关系。 1）选材特点：一般为300词左右的短文，以记叙文和说明文常见。 2）设空特点：一般有五种：标题类、主题句类、承上启下类、归纳总结类、语篇拓展类。 【备考策略】 1. 宏观把握文章的篇章结构，理清行文的逻辑线索和文章脉络。当设空处位于首段末尾或段首时， 考虑它是否为总起句或段落主题句，以此作为破题点，便可以快速选出正确答案。 2. 做题时可以圈定一些题干中和选项中的关键线索（比如代词、设空处后的逗号等），这些线索可 以帮助我们排除选项。比如，代词的作用就是指代前面提及的名词或句子，根据指代关系和代词的单复数 差异可以快速解题。 【命题预测】 从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2024年高考阅读理解七选五试题仍然以结构鲜明的指导类说明文 为主，段中句也是考查重点，至少设空2-3题。 题型总览 段中设空的题目即为主题句的展开句。此种题要注意分析前后的逻辑性和内容的连贯性，注意句子之间的 衔接手法。当设空在段中时，通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文之间的街接关系。常见的 逻辑关系包括7类:总分关系、解释关系、转折关系, 因果关系、递进关系，并列关系和例证关系。 考点一 考查句子逻辑关系 逻辑连接是组织文章最主要的方式，语义逻辑构成了语篇的框架。对常用的逻辑关系了然于心，并在阅读时能 有效地找出其连接的对应点，是学生解答“七选五”的关键。 “七选五”中常见的逻辑连接可以归类为六种： （1）并列选择，指选项与前句或后句在结构或内容上一致；（2）顺承递进，指后句对前句进行补充说明或语义上的延伸； （3）转折对比，指选项与前句或后句语义相反或相对，后句往往是对前句的修正，表达作者的真正意图； （4）因果目的，指选项与前后句构成因果关系； （5）概括阐释，指前句对后句或后句对前句进行归纳概括，若前句归纳，后句即是对前句的具体阐释，使得概 念更加清晰易懂；若后句概括，即后句是对前句所阐释的内容进行意义整合； （6）例证关系，指后句是前句的具体实例。 1.【2023年1月·浙江卷】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. ____36____ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. 2. (2020 年浙江高考)My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When mymother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 34 I learned a lot about how to extend the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. It was a trait (特点) others found helpful, and I soon had friends who wanted to make things with me. F．Thus, I began my lifelong interest in making things. 【2023届湖北省荆门市龙泉中学、荆州中学、宜昌一中三校高三下学期5月第二次联考】 Learning how to care for a sad person will help you be there for your loved ones and friends when they are down. However, knowing how to care for a sad person is not something an individual is born with. ____36____ Here are a few tips that will eventually help you lift the spirit of a sad person. Give a hug. Hugging someone shows your affection and care. ____37____ This can make them feel relaxed and open to you. This can also help them recognize that you are there to help them go through this moment. With no kind and loving words, your actions have already said a lot. ____38____ Now, go on and say some kind words. Words like “I’m here”, “we are in this together”, “you’ll get over this”, “lean on me” and so on, can help a sad person feel better and know that you’re there to take him/her through the sad moment. Use the right tone of voice. ____39____ They go along with tone to convey a meaning to the listener. To convey your words with faith that would create a positive effect on the sad person, you would need to say it with the right tone of voice. Listen patiently. People ask lots of questions but they end up paying little attention to getting the feedback (反 馈) that they wanted. Don’t be that person. After asking the questions, listen patiently to know what the sad person would appreciate at that time. ____40____ A．Say kind loving words. B．Make use of polite expressions. C．Then choose to appreciate others too. D．Remember that words do not stand alone. E．It will help you know how to offer the best fitting help. F．This knowledge is gained through research and practice. G．When you do this to someone, they can feel your warmth.考点二考查高频词复现 1）复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概 念进行重复描述。 复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。 2）同范畴词出现 同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中 找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越 紧密。 【典例1】[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. 40. We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【典例2】 (2022·全国乙卷·节选) ·More isn't always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 ．There are alternatives to constant written communication, suchas leaving voice messages or having a group chat. C．It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D．Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E．Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G．You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 【2023届黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市高三下学期三模】 Living in the moment is not always easy. Sometimes our thoughts are overwhelmed by regrets about past events or anxiety about the future, which can make it hard to enjoy the present. If you are having a hard time living in the moment, there are some simple strategies that may help. ●Change a routine.___16___One way that you can become more aware is to change up your routine. You can do something as simple as changing the way that you drive to work or changing the way you introduce yourself. ●Learn how to meditate (冥想). Meditation is a great way to train your brain to live in the moment. Learning to meditate takes time, practice, and guidance. ___17___. If no classes are available, you can also buy CDs that will help you learn how to meditate. ●Be grateful for breaks. Instead of becoming impatient when you have to wait for something, practise being grateful for the extra time to notice your surroundings.___18___For example, if you have to wait in a long line to purchase your morning coffee, take that time to observe your surroundings. As you do so, think about what you are grateful for in that moment. ●___19___Performing random acts of kindness can help you to live in the moment by refocusing your attention on what’s happening in front of you. Look for small things that you can do to show kindness to others. The kind acts that you perform will help you to slow down and notice your surroundings. ●Smile and laugh more often. Living in the moment can be a challenge if you are in a bad mood or just feeling a little down, but smiling and laughing can make you feel better even you force yourself to smile and laugh.___20___ A．Do kind things for others. B．You’d better find a meditation class in your area. C．Treat the extra time as a break and appreciate the time.D．To get started with meditation, find a quiet spot and get comfortable. E．Being grateful is an important principle of life and a great wisdom. F．You may not be living in the moment because you are too set in your life. G．Even if you put on an affected smile, you should start to feel better right away. 考点三 考查前后句子中的代词指代 英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的 指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。例如 it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或 them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子;these 或those指代前句的复数名词。 （2023年新高考I卷）You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____ 3 9____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【典例2】(2022·全国甲卷·节选) Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions.When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 37 ． A．The more friends you make in your lifetime B．The more time you spend in any given countryC．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal [2023·湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学第二次学业质量评价检测] Like it or love it, social media is a major part of life. Teens spend more than half of their waking hours online. They use some of that time to post pictures and create profiles on social media accounts. ____1____ ... Joining social media can give people a sense of being in the know. But posts may exaggerate (夸大) how well our friends and others are feeling, making them appear much happier than we are. ____5____ A．It can also lower the viewer’s self-control. B．A popular post doesn’t necessarily mean it is a quality post. C．It’s no surprise: Feedback from peers affects how teens behave. D．Their brains respond to those likes by turning on the reward center. E．And that can, inappropriately, make us feel less successful than them. F．But those “likes” can have power that goes beyond a simple connection. G．Most of what they do is read and respond to posts by friends and family. 考点四 考查前后句子相似结构 （2022年全国甲卷） ... Making Requests ___39 It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in variouscountries. ___40___, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal （2023·山东师范大学附属中学高三6月试题） The power of positive thinking Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty? 1 Do they focus on the positives (a half-full glass) or the negatives (a half-empty one)? Thinking positively, with a belief that most things will turn out well, is called optimism — and it’s known to boost your well-being. The good news is that everybody can learn to think more positively. 2 Research shows that people who are optimistic and think positively tend to experience less stress and cope well when faced with life’s challenges. People who are more pessimistic (expect that the worst will happen) may find it hard to believe that these challenges will pass. Worrying is like a fire alarm. Everybody can worry from time to time. Worrying can help to keep you safe — if you were never worried and were overly positive about how things would turn out, you wouldn’t recognize risks. “ 3 It’s like a fire alarm,” says child psychotherapist Rachel Melville-Thomas. “The trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn’t a huge danger to face.” When this happens, you can feel anxious and hopeless about what lies ahead. Learn to think positively. Optimism is shaped by your genes which carry characteristics inherited from your parents and by what happens to you. 4 Research has shown that it can help to draw or write an outcome that’s positive-for example, an image of you playing guitar, having passed your next grade. 5 A．Your genes will in turn help obtain it. B．This question makes you lost in thought.C．Why is thinking positively good for you? D．Imagining this can motivate you to work to achieve it. E．Worrying is our brain warning us of something threatening. F．However, whatever your starting point is, everyone can learn it. G．This saying is often used to test people’s outlook in a situation. 过关检测 （2023·重庆·重庆市育才中学校考三模）How to develop personal accountability Personal accountability means taking responsibility for your life. It plays a significant role in the fulfillment you get from your personal and professional life. 1 These five strategies will help you start being accountable today. Be self-aware. Whenever you want to make excuses for your behavior, step back and evaluate your emotions from a sensible place. Whether at work or in your personal life, be willing to step up and take responsibility, even if you are afraid of what will happen if things go wrong. Turn your “shoulds” into “musts”. 2 Start with turning your “shoulds” into “musts.” Our lives are filled with things we “should” do. To turn these goals into “musts,” connect them to your purpose in life. Understand that they are essential to your happiness. Make a promise to yourself to live with no regrets. Set goals. Setting goals (even small ones) and achieving them allows you to demonstrate that you can hold yourself accountable. 3 Watch your words. Everyone has an inner monolog (独白) that affects the way we interact with the world. That little voice turns into the behaviors we engage in and the words we choose to speak. 4 Next time something goes wrong notice how you react. 5 Ask a friend to hold you accountable for certain goals; this can be especially helpful if you share a common goal. For example if you’re both training to run a race set up check-ins to see how the other is doing. A．Transform your mindset.B．Conduct emotional evaluation. C．Have an accountability partner. D．However, many people struggle with it. E．When you achieve your goals, take time to celebrate in your own way. F．Change your thoughts and think about how to improve yourself. G．The ability to stop any negative self-talk is vital to positively engaging with others. （2023·贵州遵义·统考三模）As human beings, we’re all guilty of getting things wrong occasionally, whether we are at work or in our personal lives. 6 ●Step away from being perfect When you’re not sure of your own self-worth, you wonder how other people are going to see you. If you don’t feel good about yourself, you might feel like there’s less room for error. The smallest mistake can feel like a disastrous error. Nobody’s perfect. You may make mistakes, especially when you’re starting out. 7 ●Turn to social support Your mistake might feel like a huge event in your life, but chances are others won’t see it as such a big deal. Reaching out to friends or family can help you see the bigger picture and feel more confident. 8 . When you have that softness, and you have relationships that give you confidence, you might be able to take some of life’s challenges with a lighter eye. ● 9 Accepting unavoidable mistakes might help to soften your blow. What you can do after making a mistake is accept that you’ve messed up and promise to be better tomorrow. 10 . Instead of beating yourself up, take a moment to reflect on what you’ve learned from your mistake and how you could handle things for the better in future. Forgiving yourself after making a mistake isn’t always an easy thing, and beating yourself up doesn’t benefit anyone—So it’s better for you to make changes and move on. A．Promise to do better. B．Forgive others’ mistakes. C．Some people are perfectionists. D．That’s the way to forgive yourself. E．Don’t expect perfection in everything you do. F．However, the value of social support is often overlooked. G．Here’s how we can forgive ourselves when facing our mistakes.（2023·湖南郴州·校联考模拟预测）Four Reasons Why Quiet People Are Successful They listen more than they talk, so they learn a lot Quiet people don’t fill every conversation with their own thoughts and opinions, and they certainly don’t feel the need to pretend that they know everything. 11 . They then use that information to form an opinion at a later time. They can gain trust easily Quiet people have an advantage when it comes to gaining trust because they don’t overreact to things or wear their feelings on their sleeves. 12 . They don’t come across as being pushy or aggressive like some other people who are always trying to get their way. And since quiet people don’t feel pressured to fill every gap in a conversation with words, they’re less likely to make mistakes during presentations or meetings. They are great planners Quiet people are often successful because they have great planning skills. 13 . They think about what needs to be done and how to go about it in order to achieve their goals. They ensure everything is done according to plan, so there is little room for doubt or mistakes. 14 Quiet people tend to be more selective about what they focus on, which means they are less likely to be distracted ( 分 心 ) by other people or things around them. They can focus on a task with single-minded determination and finish it faster than those who talk too much or get distracted easily by their surroundings. 15 . A．They seldom show off B．They are more concentrated C．They often have a lot of fresh ideas D．Instead, they are more likely to take in what others say E．For this reason, people who talk less are often seen as more honest F．They know how to map out their goals and accomplish them efficiently G．Additionally, quiet individuals also have the ability to concentrate for a long time （2023·重庆·重庆南开中学校考三模）For some people, holiday travel includes more than simply getting to their destination. 16 Whether is a way to save money, or spend more time with loved ones—it’s important to keep in mind that you’re a guest in someone’s home. Even if your host in vied you to say and said that it was notrouble at all”, know that accommodating you does take time, energy and possibly money, and the least you can do is not make things harder for them. 17 Showing up un announced This really should go without saying—and applies to any type of visit to someone’s home, any me of the year- but don’t show up at someone’s door unannounced, or assume you can stay with them without asking first. 18 But if that’s not motivation enough, consider the possibility that they may not be home, or have made other pans, and may not be able to put you up. Ignoring house rules 19 Or perhaps they requested that you say something in a low voice after 9 p.m.? Unless you have an excuse—which you should discuss with your host—you need to follow their house rules. If they didn’t mention any when you first arrived, start that conversation yourself. Acting like you’re staying in a hotel When you’re an overnight guest in a friend or relative’s home, you cannot expect the service of a hotel. 20 So don’t expect someone to make your bed or cleanup after you, meals prepared for you, or to have the run of the place. If you can follow some guest rules, you will be more popular when visiting and staying at the homes of relatives and friends. A．Here are some things you can do for them. B．Have you ever been asked to follow some rules? C．It also means overnight stays with family or friends. D．Did your host ask you to leave your outside shoes at the door? E．Your host is doing you a favor by letting you stay in their home for free. F．Here are a few mistakes to avoid when you’re staying in someone’s home. G．There are many reasons not to do this out of respect for your potent l host. （2023·重庆·重庆八中校考三模）Revenge bedtime procrastination (报复性睡眠拖延症) refers to the decision to delay sleep in response to stress or a lack of free time earlier in the day. The addition of the word “revenge”, by the Chinese, to the concept of bedtime procrastination became popular on social media. 21 Both language versions reflect frustration tied to long, stressful work hours that left little time for personal enjoyment.People who engage in bedtime procrastination know and generally want to receive enough sleep. 22 This is known as an intention-behavior gap. Bedtime procrastination can cause sleep deprivation (缺乏). 23 Not getting enough sleep affects thinking, memory, and decision-making. Sleep deprivation also raises the risk of daytime sleepiness, which can harm productivity and academic achievement while increasing the risks of sleeping driving. 24 It causes difficulties in regulating emotions. It’s also been connected to mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety. It is also discovered that sleep deprivation worsens physical health, making people more easily to suffer from illnesses. Ongoing sleep loss consequences can build up over time. 25 The best solution for bedtime procrastination is creating good sleep patterns and a good sleeping environment. But remember that it will take more than one night to truly get into good sleep habits. A．But they fail to actually do so. B．The Chinese are noted for working long hours. C．A lack of sleep is tied to mental and physical health. D．Therefore, it contributes to significant long-term health problems. E．We struggle to stay productive during the day to make up for the loss. F．Without enough hours of sleep, the mind and body can’t properly recharge. G．The English term “revenge bedtime procrastination” appeared from a translation of this expression. （2023·湖南常德·常德市一中校考模拟预测）How Laughing at Yourself Makes You Attractive Have you ever embarrassed yourself in public and got laughed at for it? 26 And it’s okay — we should even have a laugh about them. ●Laughing at yourself means accepting who you really are. You may feel bad about yourself because of past misfortune. However, it’s normal to be imperfect. What’s important is that you should be honest with yourself about who you are. 27 You won’t be able to laugh at yourself without self-acceptance. ●Laughing at yourself helps increase your confidence. When you are able to stay optimistic and laugh at yourself, you are likely to be more successful in life. 28 More importantly, it helps you realize your own weaknesses so you know which areas to do better in. ● 29 Laughing at someone else may hurt their feelings even if you didn’t intend to, while laughing at yourself does not — you might even bring a smile to their faces. People will like it, because it shows that you have the courage to do so and you’re being real about your imperfections.Just remember that humans all make mistakes. So instead of blaming yourself, try to think of your mistakes in a positive way and accept yourself just as you are. 30 A．Laughing at yourself makes you popular. B．Accept yourself despite your imperfections. C．You don’t need to take yourself seriously all the time. D．Chances are that we all have these kinds of experiences. E．Learn to laugh at yourself and you will be more attractive. F．Laughing at yourself changes an ideal image of yourself. G．This is because laughing at yourself contributes to your mental health. （2023·山西临汾·临汾第一中学校校联考三模）When you wake up every morning, what will you do first to start your day? 31 . Here are some things productivity experts do to get weekday mornings off to a good start. I drink a glass of cold water. Every morning, I start my day with a big glass of ice water. 32 , rehydrating(补充水分) with ice water helps me think more clearly. To make this morning step a no-brainer, I fill up a cup with ice water and place it on my nightstand before bed. When I wake up, it’s right there and ready for me without having to make my way to the kitchen. I do a breathing exercise to get centered. I enjoy staying up late at night, so the early morning club is not for me. These three simple habits have been helpful for me: daily affirmation (坚定信念)，breathing exercise and gratitude journaling. Once awake, I silently say a positive affirmation. Usually, it is “I am calm. Breathe.” 33 . It takes 10 minutes, but if I do not have time, I would just do a one-minute breathing exercise. Finally, my gratitude journal helps me set the intention for the day. 34 . We live in a world where work never ends, so it’s up to us to set our own finish lines to start a day and celebrate when we cross it. Our brains find this much more rewarding, and less tend to be attracted by other distractions (分心). I think deeply, then review my schedule. I think deeply and keep a journal every morning before I begin work. This helps me relax and prepare for theday to come. I then review my schedule for the day and week, making note of work sessions. 35 . A．I set my own goal for the day B．I decide how I want my day to end C．Lastly, I create a short list of my daily to-dos D．Because you lack water after sleeping all night E．Although it’s appealing to head straight for the coffee F．Then a breathing exercise follows to deepen the positive affirmation G．Actually small steps can be done to make a big difference in your work （2023·湖南长沙·湖南师大附中校考一模）Are you an elementary or high school student with all kinds of invention ideas? You might not know what to do with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions. 36 Identify a problem worth solving. Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better? What task could be done better or faster? What annoys you and how could you fix it? 37 Not every idea will be a great one, but don’t be afraid to think outside the box. Draft your idea. Draw out a basic illustration of what your invention will look like. 38 List the types of materials you would use to build the finished project. Don’t hesitate to make multiple drafts of the same design until you are satisfied with the result. 39 You don’t need to use the highest quality materials, but simply ones that will give you a functional working device. Try checking second-hand stores and yard sales for parts that you can use. This will be much more cost- effective and you will also be eco-friendly. Build your invention. If you will be working with power tools or other dangerous materials, you will likely need adult supervision. Ask your parents when they have enough free time to sit down with you and start building. 40 After everything is completed, it’s time to test out and market your invention. If it turns out well-received, you may even have your invention patented and mass- produced down the road. A．Or turn to your older peers if they can help you out as well. B．If you enjoy creating things, you may consider becoming an inventor.C．With some planning and practice, you can make these ideas into a working device. D．Be creative with your ideas. E．Gather the necessary materials. F．Look around your home for recycled materials that you may be able to use. G．Make notes about how various pieces will go together. （2023·浙江绍兴·统考模拟预测）Who would win in a fight, a lion or a tiger? Well, if size has anything to do with the matter, the tiger would win. 41 They are also fast. They can sprint as fast as 40 miles per hour for short distances and leap as far as 30 feet horizontally. This makes for an extremely dangerous attack. You might not think that such large, fast, and ferocious creatures need help to survive, but they do. 42 Tigers are hunted for many reasons. People have long valued the famous striped skins. Though trading tiger skins is now illegal in most parts of the world, they are worth around $10,000 on the black-market. 43 Many Asian cultures believe that various tiger parts have healing properties. 44 However, perhaps more damage has been caused through the destruction of habitat. Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, but over the past 100 years, tigers have lost 93% of their historic range. A major obstacle to preserving tigers is the enormous amount of territory that each tiger requires. Each wild tiger demands between 200 and 300 square miles. Tigers are also both territorial and solitary (独居的) animals. 45 Since tigers need so much territory, it is difficult for conservationists to acquire land enough to support a large population of tigers. Even when these considerable spaces are provided, it is even more difficult to move around such large areas to prevent the illegal hunting. There is no easy way to preserve the wild tiger population without making large sacrifices. A．The tiger is an endangered species. B．Restoring the world’s tiger population is possible. C．Other parts of the tiger can also fetch a pretty penny. D．That’s because tigers are the largest of all cat species. E．Traditional Chinese medicine use tiger bones in some prescriptions. F．This means they generally do not share with other tigers the areas they claim. G．Humans have done considerable damage to the tiger population through hunting. （2023·重庆巴南·校联考模拟预测）For some people, practicing gratitude is part of their spiritual practiceor religion, while for others, it’s about cultivating a more positive outlook on life. 46 , there is no doubt about the benefits to be gained. Improved mood When you practice gratitude, you shift your focus from negative thoughts and feelings to positive ones. Instead of thinking about everything that makes you unhappy, gratitude makes you think about all the things that are good — no matter how big or small. Practicing gratitude will make you feel more optimistic. 47 . Better relationship When you think about all the things you are grateful for, you will think of the people in your life that you care for — your family and friends. 48 , chances are that you’ll want to show them how much they mean to you and how much you appreciate them. And that can strengthen your connection with them. Reduced stress 49 . So they often feel stressed. Maybe they’re having trouble at work, maybe they’re in financial difficulty, or maybe they feel like they’re just not good enough at something. But by practicing gratitude, they’re able to view things properly. 50 Instead of focusing on all the things that you’re bad at or things you’ve failed at, practicing gratitude will shift your focus on all the amazing things you’ve accomplished. And once you realize that, you’ll boost your feelings of achievement. Just focus on what you are grateful for in yourself. It will help you to appreciate your own strengths and talents. A．Increased focus B．Improved self-worth C．People are facing a certain problem D．You have plenty of reasons to be happy E．That helps you realize life isn’t as bad as you thought F．Whatever someone’s reason for practicing gratitude is G．Once you realize how grateful you are to have them in your life （2023·江苏南京·南京市第一中学校考模拟预测）Sometimes dealing with your negative emotions can be challenging. When life is stressful, it’s very easy to give in to feelings of anger or depression. 51 Here are some ways that car help you better deal with a wide range of negative emotions. ·Acknowledge your feelings.Dealing with negative emotions can be difficult. But it’s important to allow yourself to experience those emotions, as suppressing (抑制) them can cause stress. 52 For example, if you are feeling nervous, ask yourself, “What am I afraid of?” Acknowledging the issue can help you figure out how to handle it. · 53 Small changes can have a big impact on your emotional health. Try changing your space to make it a more calming place. For example, if your negative emotions arise from feeling out of control, try organizing your space. Clearing up the mess can make you feel on top of things. ·Shift your focus away from the bad thing. When you know that something is causing a negative emotion, try to shift your focus away from that situation. For example, if you are stuck in a traffic jam and running late, shift your focus from the traffic to listening to your favorite CD． 54 ·Talk about your feelings Talking about your negative emotions is very productive. Try talking to your friends or family members. It is a good idea to let your loved ones know your feelings. Try saying, “I’ve been really stressed out lately. Do you have time to talk things through with me?” 55 It’s fine to express anger or frustration, but do so without shouting. A．Have a try to change your environment. B．Be calm and reasonable while you are talking. C．It’s common to be filled with negative emotions. D．You don’t have to spend too much effort on them. E．When you experience a negative emotion, acknowledge it. F．Focusing on something positive can help to calm you down. G．However, you will be more productive if you can handle them. （2023·河北·校联考三模）Unlike other natural disasters such as hurricanes, earthquakes are very hard to see coming, even for scientists. 56 Thus, specific practices for earthquake preparedness are necessary. Here are four steps you can take to prepare yourself in advance. Drop, cover and hold If you feel the ground start to shake, drop, take cover under as table piece of furniture, and hold on. You can hide under something like a desk or table, with one arm holding on to a leg of the table and your other armprotecting your neck and head. 57 In modern homes, it is no stronger than any other part of the house and will not protect you from injury. Make a family plan 58 Create a meeting point—somewhere easy for everyone to remember, or you could also meet at home. Whatever plan you decide on, don’t rely on your phone as your main form of communication. Technology fails all the time in disasters. A major earthquake in California, for example, damaged cell towers and knocked out communication services for days. Secure your furniture Those hanging shelves above your bed could be a danger during an earthquake. People often get injured from “flying or falling objects” like furniture or glass during earthquakes. So examine your home and ask yourself, “What could be a potential danger to my safety?” 59 Make digital copies of important documents Important documents may get destroyed during earthquakes. Therefore, scan or take photos of your important documents, such as your license, financial records and insurance policy information. 60 This step can help ensure your documents will be available even if your computer is lost in a quake. A．Then send them to your e-mail. B．These are all important personal documents. C．Make sure your household has a plan of action. D．Whatever you do, do not stand in a doorframe. E．If you find the answer, you need to runaway immediately. F．Nowadays early detection systems can only give seconds of warming ahead. G．If possible, remove those heavy and big objects above your bed immediately. （2024·浙江·统考模拟预测）When students get home, they usually sit down at the table and pull out their homework. Piles of papers rise all the way to the ceiling. American students should get less homework on a daily basis. 61 Loads of homework can cause stress in a student and lead to health issues in the body and mind. Stress causes lack of sleep, slipping grades, tiredness, unhealthy eating habits, depression, and so on. Nervous breakdowns can make completing homework much more of a struggle and also effect the health and life of a student. 62 The recommended amount is 10 minutes times the grade level. So first grade gets 10 minutes;second grade gets 20 minutes; third grade gets 30 minutes, and so on, but kids are doing much more than that. Twenty three percent of 13-year-olds do more than 2 hours a night. 63 There is no academic benefit for high school students after 2 hours and there are no academic benefits for middle school students after 1 and a half hours. Doing homework all night can take away a student’s free time and sleep. Always doing homework can lead to less time for sports and after-school activities. 64 Worse still, hanging out with friends is decreased, so that means there is less socializing. Staying up late and doing homework takes away a student’s time to sleep. Not enough sleep can leave students tired, and at school they might focus less or fall asleep during class. Shouldn’t students get less homework so that they can be happy and have more time with family and friends? 65 If teachers and parents tried to reduce the amount of homework, there would be a decrease in stress and anxiety and an increase in happiness! A．Lack of sleep can cause great stress. B．The more the students do, the less they get out of doing it. C．Administrators, teachers, and parents need to address this issue. D．Family time is also decreased, which can add more family conflict. E．Homework-related anxiety and stress can affect school work negatively. F．Kids are doing more than the recommended amount with no academic benefits. G．Anyway, too much homework can cause quite a few physical and mental problems. （2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）Some people measure success by the wealth they’ve accumulated, or the status they’ve achieved. Yet, even though they’ve reached success beyond their wildest dreams, they still feel something is missing from their life. Their soul may be searching for something more. 66 Although everyone is different, there are common threads that bind a life with purpose. Live by your beliefs and values. People who live a life of purpose have core beliefs and values that influence their decisions, shape their daily actions, and determine their priorities. They place significant value on being a person of virtue. 67 And they spend more time listening to their inner voice than being influenced by others. Follow your passion. People who live a life of purpose wake up each morning eager to face the new day. They pursue their dreams with enthusiasm, put their heart into everything they do, and feel that they’re personally making a difference. AsJames Dean once said, “ 68 ” Feel content. People who live a life of purpose have an inner peace. They’re satisfied with what they have and who they are. 69 As the saying goes, “The real measure of your wealth is how much you’d be worth if you lost all your money.” 70 People who live a life of purpose have a positive impact on someone else’s life. They are willing to help people in need and make their life better and happier. They gain as much satisfaction witnessing the success of others as witnessing their own. Without purpose, it’s easy to wander aimlessly through life instead of following your North Star. Without purpose, it’s easy to achieve remarkable success and still feel that life is passing you by. A．Make a difference. B．It’s the purpose of life. C．Put others before yourself. D．So they live with certain moral principles. E．The secret of success is constancy to purpose. F．Dream as if you’ll live forever and live as if you’ll die today. G．To them, the grass is greener on their own side of the fence. （2023·四川成都·统考模拟预测）How do you express gratitude in your everyday life? For me, it sometimes feels worrying: hand-writing hundreds of thank you cards after an anniversary, or making sure to eat every last bite on my plate so my grandma wouldn’t think I was ungrateful for the meal. 71 Here are some tips about how to be better at showing gratitude. Start a gratitude journal or write a letter. Make it a habit to put down the things that you’re thankful for. 72 There’s also some evidence that it could lower your risk of heart disease and symptoms of depression for some people. Think of someone in your life who you have not had the chance to thank. Think of a specific instance when they helped you. Then, it’s a good idea to send them a letter. 73 74 Look around in your immediate space, and take notice of everything that makes up your environment: the sky, the cool wind, the warmth of your sweater. The act of simply noticing and naming things is a great way to stretch your gratitude muscle as well as obtain some clarity on the strength of all the uniqueconnections in your life. Bear in mind the difference between saying ”thanks to “and ”thanks for“. Being grateful ”for“ something can be a little unclear or general. 75 It encourages specificity and reminds you of your connection with and responsibility to that person or thing. A．Stretch your gratitude muscle. B．Notice the world surrounding you. C．Better still, deliver it in person and read it to them. D．A habitual gratitude journal will certainly benefit us. E．But experts say it doesn’t have to be that complicated. F．In fact, this habit reduces materialism and enhances generosity. G．Being grateful “to” something or someone implies a direct relationship. 真题演练 2023年 Passage 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. Thething is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. Passage 2 【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. ·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___17___ ·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. ·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. . A Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. Passage 3 【2023年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____. Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____19____. Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding Passage 4 【2023年全国甲卷】Tricks To Becoming A Patient PersonHere’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. ___16___. In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. ● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. ● ___19___. So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience Passage 5 【2023年北京卷】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. ____35____ When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. ____36____ Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teachingthan courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. ____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates. ____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission. What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high- quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower. A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 2022年阅读理解七选五(说明文) Passage1 【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ” while another read: “___16___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___17___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in auseful response. ___18___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym. My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___19___ You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, both of you will benefit — your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. Passage2 【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. ___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄 皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. Passage3 【2022年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___. ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) ___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · ___19___ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don’t rely on technology alone ___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeperD. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind Passage4 【2022年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___17___ . Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests ___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal Passage5 【2022 年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to variouspressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. ____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. Passage6 【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____ Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it. Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time. There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. ____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience. A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write. B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed. D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted. E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. Passage7 【2022年浙江卷1月】I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11 Pick the most important. 12 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1 want. Combine your activities. Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 13 Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业）around the people and activities you love. 14 You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. Lighten up. The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progressand keep refining （改进）toward a happy productive existence. 15 Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way. A. Speed up. B. Be an active learner. C. Stop trying to balance time between them all. D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. Passage8 【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____ Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it. Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write “Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect. ____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal language most of the time. There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. ____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience. A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write. B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be. C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed. D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted. E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. 2021年阅读理解七选五(说明文) Passage1 【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____ ·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____ ____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run. If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page. Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder . A. Stop to have a rest now and then. B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C. This depends on the type of book you are reading. D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart. G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. Passage2 【2021年全国甲卷】Swap, Don’t shop! You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothesfrom your friends, and have a party all at the same time. A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers. ●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable. ●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home. ●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on. ●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party! A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over . F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition Passage3 【2021年全国乙卷】According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party. ___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers. People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation. ___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）. If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.___39___. And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at adinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）. ___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.” So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard. A. How do you know the host B. The first step is to go exploring C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?” D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most Passage4 【2021年北京卷】Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people． ____35____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes． ____36____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting （分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course， can lead to less pain． Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____37____While the validity of the idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels， through the lowering of stress and anxiety． When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____38____ On the other hand，when the music slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit． ____39____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for， which is what makes music so valuable． A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems． B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing． D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep． E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive． F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety． G. Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were． Passage5 【2021年浙江卷1月】You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. 11 ． It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. 12 ． Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line. If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability: 13 ． So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster. Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 14 ． This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall. 15 ． It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck. A．Why does this always seem to happen to you? B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines? C．Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour. D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three. E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line? F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach. G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy. Passage 6 【2021年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.____36____So the first thingwe did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing ( 水 管 ) worked. ____37____Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it. Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. ____38____ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. ____39____ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency. You can tell this by cafés life. French cafés are always crowded.____40____When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously — so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. Passage7 【2021年浙江卷6月】You've got mail…and it's a postcard Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome's Colosseum. Or Africa's Victoria Falls. Or China's Great Wall. ___11___ "I often send postcards to family and friends." he says to China Daily, "but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it ___12___ ” Seeking other like- minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo's hunch（直觉）paid off. Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. ___13___ Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job. Language is certainly a harrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn't work if one doesn't understand it. ___14___ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that's English since it's widely spoken. "Many people in China have limited exposure to English. ___15___ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing," Paulo says. A. And that's totally fine B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world. E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million. F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away. G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away. 2020年阅读理解七选五(说明文) Passage1 【2020年新课标Ⅰ】A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it… to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36. Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. ●37. Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own;you are the only you in this world. ●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 38. You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? ＂That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.＂ ●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and yougot out of bed today. 39. ●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40. Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? A. Feeling upset again? B. Where do you start? C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remember, you are only human. E.Set an intention for self-acceptance. F.Stop comparing yourself with others. G.When does the comparison game start? Passage2 【2020年新课标Ⅱ】Emoji(表情符号) and Workplace Communication In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 36. . It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work. Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 37. , encouraging better and more frequent communication. In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 38. . While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve(曲线). The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort. There is also the matter of tone(语气). Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 39. . Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile. 40. , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture. A. Message with emojis feel more conversational B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally E.Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestlyF.Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace G.An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform Passage3 【2020年新课标Ⅲ】 A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36. And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopeful presents. 37. Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant. 38. This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39. Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40. Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm. A. This isn’t usual though. B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place. E.It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F.The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. Passage4 【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷（山东卷）】 Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking.16. Do you want to be a good public speaker? Here are some principles you must master. People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public”at the expense of the”speaking. “ 17. Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection. Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake isthe one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact,most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one.18. Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker.19. And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. 20. It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer. “On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever! “So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. A. Do the opposite. B. You want to be an effective public speaker. C. You don’ t need to apologize for a minor slip. D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E.The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience F.Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners G.However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. Passage5 【2020年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷（海南卷）】Talking with your doctor Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____16____ ●Stay positive. Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____17____Think teamwork! Think positive! ●Keep track of how you are feeling. ____18____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way. ●____19____ Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor. ●Ask questions. Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when youare not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.____20____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand. A. This will make getting answers easier. B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work. D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling. E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side. F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines. G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information. Passage6 【2020年北京卷】Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____46____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do. ____47____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____48____For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____49____ In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.____50____ Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health. A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either.B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect. C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations. D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind. E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well. F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking. G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small. Passage7 【2020年浙江卷1月】Let's take a minute to think about the water we use. The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are thirsty we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass with clean water. ___31___For example, farmers, who produce the food we eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer we use energy and we need water to produce this energy. The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want，but this is not the case for many people around the world.___32___That's around one in 10 people in the world. If we drink dirty water，we can catch diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500，000 children die from diarrhea(腹泻)from dirty water. That's around 1，400 children every day！Also，in some countries children walk many kilometres every day to get water.___33___Therefore，they don't have time to learn how to read or write and don't get an education. ___34___On this day every year，countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world. At one school in the UK，children between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with six litres of water.___35___People give them money to do this and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around the world. A. We use water indirectly too. B. Every system in our body depends on water to function. C. It is to inspire people to learn more about water-related problems D. If children walk many hours a day to get water，they can't go to school. E. Did you know that around 750 million people do not have clean water to drink？ F. In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water. G. In this way，they know how it feels to walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles. 2019年阅读理解七选五(说明文)Passage1 【2019年全国卷 Ⅰ】Is Fresh Air Really Good for You? We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good. ___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities- then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain. Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing( 治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情 绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace. ___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D. A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. B. So what are you waiting for? C. Being in nature refreshes us. D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said? F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care. G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens. Passage 2 【2019 年全国卷Ⅱ】Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. ___36___Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided. ___37___ More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directlyrelated to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. ___38___ So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward. Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough.____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals. A. This can affect your work. B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it Passage 3 【2019年全国卷 III】In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. ___36___ While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance. Do's • ___37___ Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight. • Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. ___38___ Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. Don'ts • Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. ___39___ • Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. ___40___ When a student attacks a professor on thesocial media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. A. That's what they are for. B. Turn to an online instructor for help. C. If more information is needed, they will ask. D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails. E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners. F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another. G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions. Passage 4 【2019年浙江卷6月】Rock music consists of many different styles. Even though there is a common spirit among all music groups, they make very different music. ___31___ At that time the Beatles entered the world of music from Liverpool. After they were given an invitation to appear live on BBC, the Beatles quickly became famous in Britain with nationwide tours. By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. ___32___ They held large concerts and performed at clubs. They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England. They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(传说). John Lennon and Paul McCartney were named composers of the year. ___33___ They were not sure how the Americans would react to the new type of music. Beatlemania hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. ___34___ The concert was broadcast live and attracted the largest one night audience in the history of television up to that time. The Beatles were described as a British invasion(入侵)by local and nationwide newspapers at that time. Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll. Thanks to the Beatles, a lot of opportunities were opened up to new faces on the market. ___35___ A. They decided on a tour to the United States in 1964. B. Even their hairstyles became major trends at that time. C. Rock music developed in the 1950s and the early 1960s. D. However, their songs changed the lives of generations to come. E. Many rock bands were able to follow in the footsteps of the Beatles. F. They appeared in the films A Hard Day's Night(1964)and Help！(1965). G. They performed their first concert in America at CBS television's 53rd street studio.Passage 5 【2018年浙江卷11月】Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you?” Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet? ______31______ Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies(礼节). But many social norms(规范) just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication. Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a coauthor of Emily Post’s Etiquette，asked, “At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost?” _____32_____ Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts, you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail. This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners, ____33____ Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, " Ahoy! "Finally, hello won out, and the victory sped up the greeting's use in face-to-face communications. In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about:the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital map. _____34_____ And when you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail. How to handle these differing standards? Easy: Consider your audience. Some people,especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. ____35____ In traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here's hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do. A．Then there is voice mail. B．Others, like me, want no reply. C． But people still ask these things. D．Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time? E. Won't new technology bring about changes in our daily life? F. Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier. G. When the telephone was invented, people didn't know how to greet a caller. Passage1 【2019年北京卷】Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals._____46_____Companiesspend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent？ ___47___They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance. To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions.______48______In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total， he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”___49___ Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force. ___50___.An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well. A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent. B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention. D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship. E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world. F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent. G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.