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专练一 细节理解题
A
(2021·合肥市高三第二次质量检测)
CVCC’s High School Program
Career－technical programs at Cuyahoga Valley Career Center allow students flexible
career paths with advanced academics to prepare them for college and work.
Electrical Systems
Each student is provided with trade － related classroom training that produces
competency and pride that lead to true craftsmanship.Learn how to use many of the
latest tools and techniques through hands－on training in our fully equipped lab.The
program’s diversified coursework gives students a strong foundation in installation and
repair of electrical systems，in addition to students’ receiving skill training，working
and earning a paycheck on the job.
21*cnjy*com
Engineering Technology
You’ll learn engineering concepts and technology such as applied logic ，digital
electronics ， computer － aided design ， robotics and computer － integrated
manufacturing.The project － based approach lets you apply your skills to real
situations.In practice ，you’ll pick your own real －world problems to solve and
graduate，ready for a college engineering program.
Sports Medicine&Exercise Science
This science－based program combines lectures，hands－on labs and critical thinkingactivities with all of the latest fitness technologies.Students have the unique
opportunity to learn in exercise and sports environments alongside exercise and sports
professionals using advanced medical techniques to prevent and heal injuries.Upon the
completion of the program ，students may earn college credits at Ohio’s various
universities.Applicants must have a minimum 3.0 GPA and a “C” or better in Biology.
Education Professions
Education Professions introduces college － minded students to the field of
education.This foundational course benefits all education majors regardless of the
specialties.Observation and field experiences provide the first－hand experience you
need to decide if a career in education is for you.Admission is with the high school
counselor’s recommendation only.
【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了Cuyahoga Valley职业中心为高中生
提供的各类项目信息，让他们为自己的大学和工作做好准备。
1．Which program offers students pay?
A．Electrical Systems.
B．Engineering Technology.
C．Sports Medicine & Exercise Science.
D．Education Professions.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据Electrical Systems部分中的“in addition to students’
receiving skill training，working and earing a paycheck on the job”可知，Electrical
Systems为学生提供报酬。]
2．What is special about Sports Medicine & Exercise Science?
A．It is targeted at college students in Ohio.
B．It is aimed at training professional athletes.
C．It only admits applicants with recommendation.
D．It has academic requirements for applicants.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据 Sports Medicine & Exercise Science 部分中的
“Applicants must have a minimum 3.0 GPA and a ‘C’or better in Biology.”可知，
Sports Medicine & Exercise Science特别的地方在于它对学生的学术能力有要求。]
3．What can we infer about the programs mentioned in the text?A．They are science－related.
B．They are technology－centered.
C．They stress practical training.
D．They guarantee admission to college.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“allow students flexible career paths with
advanced academics to prepare them for college and work”和全文各部分的内容可知，
本文中提到的所有项目都旨在为学生提供实用的培训，让他们为进入大学和工作
做好准备。]
B
(2021·济南市高中三年级学情诊断)
Cory Lee，aged 30，was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy (脊髓性肌萎缩症) at
a very young age.Because of his condition，he began using a wheelchair at age 4.His
mother，Sandy Gilbreath，raised him as a single parent.Although taking care of a child
with a disability was challenging，she ensured that Cory didn’t miss out on the fun
things in life.Sandy took him on road trips during summer breaks throughout his
childhood.The exciting experiences of exploring new places inspired him to set a
lifelong goal of visiting all seven continents.
Fortunately，Cory was able to do that just before the COVID－19 started.He and his
mother traveled to Antarctica just before the borders closed.It was the seventh and final
continent off his list.He became the first －ever wheelchair user to visit all seven
continents!
According to Cory ， traveling in a wheelchair requires extensive planning and
research.He started his research six to twelve months before each trip，making sure that
there were accessible transportation options in the location.He would also call up
hotels or rental homes to confirm if they were truly as accessible as they claimed to
be.
When Cory started going on adventures ， there weren’t many online resources
discussing accessible tra－vel.To help other travelers with disabilities explore the
world as he did，he decided to share his knowledge in his blog.Aiming to promote
representation of the wheelchair－using community，Cory and his mother wrote achildren’s book，titled Let’s Explore ith Cor Cor，which is about a boy who travels
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around the world in his powered wheelchair.
“Traveling to all seven continents wasn’t something that I was sure was going to be
possible，”he said.“But if you stay determined and keep a positive attitude，the
opportunities are limitless.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。科里·李在很小的时候就被诊断出患有脊髓性肌萎
缩症，但他却成了第一个乘轮椅游览七大洲的人，并和母亲合著了一本儿童读物
Let’s Explore ith Cor Cor。
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4．What made Cory Lee decide to visit all seven continents?
A．His mother’s expectation.
B．His traveling experiences.
C．His dream of helping others.
D．His objective of making history.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Sandy took him on road
trips...inspired him to set a lifelong goal of visiting all seven continents.”可知，他的旅
行经历让他决定游览七大洲。]
5．What worries Cory most about a trip?
A．Rental fees. B．Local attractions.
C．Accommodation. D．Transportation.
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“He started his research...there were
accessible transportation options in the location.”可知，科里在每次旅行前的半年到
一年就开始调查，以确保在这个地方有行动不便者可使用的交通选择，故可推知
D选项正确。]
6．Why did Cory and his mother write the book?
A．To enrich online resources.
B．To record traveling events.
C．To help people with special needs.
D．To introduce wheelchair adventures.答 案 C [ 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 中 的 “ Aiming to promote
representation...titled Let’s Explore ith Cor Cor ”可知，为了推动对使用轮椅的群
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体的支持，科里和他的母亲写了这本书。]
7．What can we learn from Cory’s story?
A．Nothing can prevent a determined heart.
B．Disability can turn into an opportunity.
C．Traveling shapes a positive attitude.
D．Mom is the creator of children’s dreams.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句“‘But if you stay determined and
keep a positive attitude，the opportunities are limitless’”可推知，选项A“没有什
么可以阻止一颗坚定的心”正确。]
C
(2021·福建省适应性测试)
Electric vehicles are close to the “tipping point” of rapid mass adoption thanks to the
decreasing cost of batteries.
Global sales of electric vehicles rose 43% in 2020，but even faster growth is expected
when continuing falls in battery prices result in the price of electric cars being lower
than that of the same petrol and diesel models，which may happen between 2023 and
2025.According to a study by Prof Tim Lenton，at the University of Exeter，the tipping
point has already been passed in Norway，where tax breaks (减税) mean electric cars
are cheaper and the market share of battery－powered cars increased to 54% in 2020 in
Norway，compared with less than 5% in most European nations.
The falls in battery prices in the last decade have been dramatic and faster than
predicted thanks to massive production and cuts in costs，such as reducing the amount
of expensive cobalt (钴) required.BloombergNEF’s analysis predicts lithium－ion (锂
离子) battery costs will fall so sharply that the price of electric cars can match the price
of petrol and diesel cars by 2023.McKinsey’s Global Energy Perspecti e 2021，
v
published on 15 January，forecasts that “electric vehicles are likely to become themost economic choice in the next five years worldwide”．
Electric cars， ital in efforts to fight the climate crisis，are quieter and start to go
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faster，so people do not ant to return to a petrol or diesel ehicle once they ha e
w v v
one.A sur ey of 2，000 electric car o ners found 91% said they did not ant to go
v w w
back.
www-2-1-cnjy-com
“The sur ey sho s the strong and lasting impact of s itching to a clean car.The
v w w
e idence in fa our of electric ehicles gro s more con incing e en in a year as
v v v w v v
destructi e as 2020，”said Melanie Shufflebotham，at Zap－Map， hich maps
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charging points.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了由于电池价格的下降，电动汽车销
量猛增，接近大规模使用临界点，且一项民意调查显示人们愿意选择电动汽车。
8．What leads to the growing sales of electric vehicles?
A．The rise in petrol prices.
B．The desire for a lower tax.
C．The drop in battery costs.
D．The need for a cleaner life.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第一段可知，电动汽车销量增加是因为电池费用减
少了。]
9．What can we infer from Paragraph 2?
A．Policies in Norway support electric vehicles.
B．The economy in Norway develops faster than before.
21cnjy.com
C．The market share of electric vehicles will decline.
D．The tax breaks in Europe will continue to increase.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“in Norway，where tax breaks(减
税)．..cars increased to 54%”可推知，挪威的减税政策是在支持电动汽车。]10．How will electric vehicles equal fuel vehicles in price?
A．By increasing the demand for cobalt.
B．By boosting the sales of electric cars.
C．By reducing the production of batteries.
D．By cutting the costs of lithium－ion batteries.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“BloombergNEF’s analysis predicts ...and
diesel cars by 2023”可知，锂离子电池的成本急剧下降可以让电动汽车的价格与
燃油汽车的价格相当。]
21世纪教育网版权所有
11．What is the attitude of people surveyed towards electric cars?
A．Tolerant. B．Positive.
C．Unwilling. D．Opposed.
答案 B [观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的“A survey of 2，000 electric car
owners found 91%said they did not want to go back”和最后一段中的“The survey
shows the strong and lasting impact of switching to a clean car”可推知，接受调查的
绝大多数人对于电动汽车持有积极的态度。]
专练二 推理判断题(隐含推断、观点态度)
A
(2021·合肥市高三第一次教学质量检测)
“To me，love is the most important thing.What could be more healing than love？”
These words，like lines from a poem，are easy to agree with coming from Robin，who
founded the Bumi Sehat Bali Clinic in central Ubud，the setting for the film Eat Pray
Lo e.Now the clinic provides treatment or educational support for over 100，000
v
people annually.
Giving birth to her first child at nineteen，Robin moved to Hawaii after college，
working for several years on a farm，where she taught farming practices and poetry.But
in 1991，she received heartbreaking news.Her idyllic life on the farm in Hawaii was
turned upside down when her sister，expecting a child in Alabama，died of pregnancycomplications(妊娠并发症)．
“When my dear sister passed away，I realized mothers were dying everywhere.In
countries with increased poverty，some people can’t afford to go to the hospital.What
motivated me initially was my love for my sister，but this soon grew into a concern for
mothers and children all over the world.”Robin’s feelings for her sister were
transformed into a desire to help women everywhere in need.
To ensure that children are born healthy，nutritionally balanced meals are provided for
expecting mothers free of charge.Those who lack housing are free to stay as long as it
is necessary.The clinic also sees patients of all ages who have symptoms unrelated to
childbirth，while providing facilities for language learning and IT education，and
annually training over 6，000 nursing and midwifery (助产) students，backed by a
scholarship program.
Just as Robin said，love is to be found inside the Bumi Sehat Bali Clinic.Perhaps
feelings of showing kindness toward others and wanting to make the world a better
place are the key to a brighter tomorrow.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。罗宾本来过着平静而惬意的乡村生活。但在经历了
妹妹因妊娠并发症离世之后，她决定成立Bumi Sehat Bali诊所，帮助更多贫困地
区需要帮助的准妈妈。
1.Which of the following best explains “idyllic” underlined in Paragraph 3?
A．Peaceful. B．Dramatic.
C．Tough. D．Troublesome.
答案 A [词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“working for several years on a farm，
where she taught farming practices and poetry”可知，罗宾在夏威夷教农耕技术和
诗歌，结合本句中的“was turned upside down”可推知，此处指她的生活平静而惬
意，故A项与画线词的意义最为接近。idyllic “平和美丽的，完美无瑕的”。
peaceful “平静的”； dramatic “突然的，令人吃惊的”；tough “艰难的”；
troublesome “令人烦恼的”。]
2．What made Robin change her career course at first?
A．Her love for midwifery.
B．Her desire to help children.C．Her sorrow for her sister’s death.
D．Her loss of interest in poetry.
答案 C [隐含推断题。根据第四段中的“What motivated me initially was my
love for my sister，but this soon grew into a concern for mothers and children all over
the world.”可知，最初改变罗宾事业进程的是她对妹妹的爱，而她的妹妹因妊娠
并发症离世，故可推知C项正确。]
3．What do we know about the clinic?
A．It is famous for its nursing program.
B．It offers mothers－to－be free diets.
C．It provides financial aid for mothers.
D．It has treated more than 6，000 patients.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“To ensure that children are
born...mothers free of charge.”可知，诊所为准妈妈免费提供营养均衡的膳食。]
4．What can we learn from Robin’s story?
A．Love makes the world a better place.
B．Ups and downs make one strong.
C．Kindness can be richly rewarded.
D．Hard work inspires great respect.
答案 A [隐含推断题。本文主要讲述了罗宾成立Bumi Sehat Bali诊所，帮助更
多贫困地区需要帮助的准妈妈的故事，再结合最后一段中的“love is to be
found ...the key to a brighter tomorrow”可知，罗宾的故事告诉我们爱让世界成为一
个更好的地方。]
B
(2021·东北三校一模)
What does an outdoor cat do all day？A study of more than 900 house cats shows
when they kill small birds and mammals，their influence is concentrated in a small
area，having a bigger effect than wild predators (捕食性动物) do.
Roland Kays ， a scientist at North Carolina State University and his colleagues
collected GPS data from cats in six countries.“These cats are moving around their
own backyard and a couple of their neighbors’ backyards，but most of them are notranging very much further” ， Kays said.“So initially I thought ， ‘ Oh,
this__is__good__news．They’re not going out into the nature preserves.’”
Then Kays took how much wildlife cats kill in that small area into consideration.Some
cats in the study were bringing home up to 11 dead birds a month，which doesn’t
include what they ate or didn’t bring home.
“It actually ends up being a really high rate of predation，”Kays said.He calculates
that cats can have 4－to－10 times the influence of a wild predator.Native predators，
like jungle cats，also kill a lot of small animals，but their influence is spread out over a
larger area.One study indicates that house cats kill billions of birds every year.
“The simplest thing to do is to keep your cat indoors，” Kays said.
For those who refuse to keep their cats inside，there are potential options.St Lawrence
University’s associate professor Susan Willson looked for one.She found a special
brightly colored collar online.“The whole idea is that the bird will be able to visually
see the cat creeping (爬行) up on it before the cat attacks it，”she said.Willson tested
the collar on both her cat and dozens of others.It greatly reduced the number of birds
the cats brought home.
“I’m not saying these collars can make a significant difference in the massive bird
death that we’re seeing，”she said.“But what matters is that each individual bird that
somebody finds in his backyard is not dead.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。研究发现，尽管家猫活动范围不广，但是它们会杀死
小鸟和小型哺乳动物。苏珊·威尔逊认为色彩鲜艳的颈圈会让鸟类免于遭受家猫的
袭击。
5．Why does Kays say “this is good news ” in Paragraph 2?
A．House cats can be tracked by GPS.
B．House cats won’t kill birds in large numbers.
C．House cats are protected from wild predators.
D．House cats feel comfortable in their own backyard.
2-1-c-n-j-y
答案 B [词义猜测题。根据上文中的“这些猫在自家后院和几个邻居的后院四
周活动，但是，绝大多数家猫不会走得太远”和下文中的“它们不会外出去自然
保护区”可知，此处讲到的“好消息”指的就是家猫活动范围小，不会伤害远处更多的鸟类。]
6．How do wild predators differ from house cats in terms of killing animals?
A．They prefer to attack larger animals.
B．They kill 4－10 times the number of house cats.
C．Their victims are distributed in a bigger range.
D．They kill less than house cats on a monthly basis.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Native predators...but their influence is
spread out over a larger area.”可知，野生捕食性动物捕杀的猎物分布更为广泛。]
7．What can we infer from the passage?
A．Birds can’t sense the danger when cats attack them.
B．Willson considers keeping her cat inside a good idea.
C．The only way to protect birds is to keep them indoors.
D．The colored collar can be a sign of potential danger to birds.
答案 D [隐含推断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，鸟类看到戴着色彩鲜艳的
颈圈的家猫会意识到危险，这样鸟类的死亡率就降低了。据此可以推断，对于鸟类
而言，色彩鲜艳的颈圈可能是潜在的危险标志。]
8．Which word can best describe Willson’s attitude to using collars to save birds?
A．Concerned. B．Positive.
C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
答案 B [观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，威尔逊说虽然在降低非常严重
的鸟类死亡率方面这些颈圈不一定会产生巨大的影响，但这个方法是有用的，故
B项正确。]
C
(2021·重庆七校联考)
In 2017, the United Arab Emirates announced its ambition to colonize Mars within the
next 100 years.But architects are already imagining what a Martian city might look like
and planning to create it in the desert outside Dubai.
Mars Science City was originally scheduled to cover 176，000 square meters of desert
—the size of more than 30 football fields—and cost approximately 135 million
dollars.To create a space for Dubai’s Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC)to develop the technology needed to colonize Mars, architects in Bjarke Ingels Group
were asked to design a prototype of a city suitable for sustaining life on Mars, and then
adapt it for use in the Emirati desert.
For this unique commission, the architects first had to overcome the immense
challenges of creating a design to make the severe environment of Mars habitable.Mars
has a thin atmosphere and no global magnetic field, so there’s little protection from
harmful radiation.Temperature is another problem—the average temperature on Mars
is chilly—－63 degrees centigrade.The thin atmosphere also means there’s little air
pressure, so liquids quickly evaporate into gas; despite freezing temperatures, an
unprotected human’s blood would boil on Mars.But according to Jonathan Eastwood,
director of the Space Lab at Imperial College London, the biggest challenge in terms of
sustained presence on Mars is not the engineering or scientific challenge, but the
human and personal one.More research needs to be done to test the effects of isolation
on mental and physical health of astronauts.
The MBRSC hopes that, in future, such research could take place in Mars Science
City.“This is going to be our platform where we can develop the science and the
technology that will help us in our future missions to Mars，” said Adnan AIRais,
Mars 2117 Programme Manager at MBRSC.“We want to come up with a totally new
facility that will help the international community.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。阿拉伯联合酋长国宣布了在接下来的一百年内移民
火星的目标，建筑师们计划在迪拜外的沙漠中建造火星科学城。他们需要克服大
气稀薄、没有磁场、极端的温度等问题。
9．What information can you get about the Martian city?
A．It is planned to be completed in the next 100 years.
B．It occupies more than 30 football fields of Dubai.
C．It has been put into use in the desert outside Dubai.
D．It serves as a prototype for sustaining life on Mars.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“architects in Bjarke Ingels Group
were asked to design a prototype...in the Emirati desert”可知，建筑师们被要求将该
火星科学城设计成适合在火星上维持生命的城市原型，故D项正确。]10．Which is not the challenge for living on Mars?
A．A thin atmosphere exposes people to harmful radiation.
B．High temperature makes unprotected human’s blood boil.
C．Little air pressure causes liquids to turn into gas quickly.
D．A long period of isolation may affect physical health.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第三段第四句中的“despite freezing temperatures，an
unprotected human’s blood would boil on Mars”可知，即使气温极低，在火星上未
被保护的人的血液也会沸腾，这与气温高导致未被保护的人的血液沸腾不相符，
故B项符合题意。]
11．What’s the attitude of Adnan AIRais towards building Mars Science City?
A．Positive. B．Objective.
C．Critical. D．Skeptical.
答案 A [隐含推断题。根据尾段中Adnan AIRais所说的话可知，Adnan AIRais
认为这(Mars Science City)将成为我们发展科学和技术的平台，这些科学和技术将
帮助我们完成未来的火星任务。据此可以判断，Adnan AIRais对建造火星科学城
持积极态度，故A项正确。]
12．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．The research on the effects of living on Mars
B．The United Arab Emirates’ ambition to colonize Mars
C．A Martian city to be designed in the desert outside Dubai
D．The challenges of surviving the inhabitable environment of Mars
答案 C [主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是文章第一段第二句可知，文章主要介绍
了建造火星科学城的计划：建筑师们将在迪拜外的沙漠中建造火星科学城，他们
需要克服大气稀薄、没有磁场、极端的温度等问题。据此可知，C项最适合作本文
标题。]
专练三 推理判断题(写作意图、文章出处)
A
(2021·贵阳市高三适应性考试)In 2020，compared with the previous year’s film market，the popularity of domestic
films this year improved，the themes were more diverse，and the coverage was more
extensive.Here are some of the top 10 domestic box office movies in 2020.
The Eight Hundred
It is based on the Battle of Songhu in 1937 and tells the story of a camp of the Chinese
National Revolutionary Army and its adherence in Shanghai.To strengthen the
momentum，the actual 400 people was changed to 800 people.The “800 heroes” fought
hard for four days and it wasn’t until Oct.30th that they were ordered to withdraw to
the British concession(租界)．
The film was released in Chinese mainland on Aug.21st，with a total box office of 3.09
billion yuan ($472.39 million) by Oct.25th.
Leap
The film tells the story of China’s women’s volleyball team’s life and death battle from
its first World Championship in 1981 to the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.It also tells the
legend of several generations of women’s volleyball players who have experienced
setbacks but remained indomitable (不屈不挠的) and constantly struggling.
The film was released on Sept.25th，with a total box office of 827.37 million yuan
($126.43 million) by Nov.8th.
21教育名师原创作品
Lo e You Fore er
v v
A young dancer finds Lin Ge’s diary while rescuing the elderly theatre manager.In the
diary，the old man with white hair is like her best friend.To fulfill his promise，Lin Ge
goes back to the past，corrects his mistakes and saves his love.However，he is teased
by fate and cannot be satisfied.
The film was released on Aug.25th，with a total box office of 510.1 million yuan
($76.57 million) by Sept.27th.
Coffee or Tea?
It tells the story of three young people with different personalities who return to an
ancient village in Yunnan from a big city to start their own business.They understand
the e－commerce going to the countryside is not only to sell things in the city to thecountryside，but also to sell things from the countryside.They change everyone with
sincerity and start an extraordinary journey.
The film was released on Oct.4th，with a total box office of 306.19 million yuan
($46.79 million) by Nov.8th.
【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了2020年最受欢迎的几部电影：《八
佰》、《夺冠》、《我在时间尽头等你》和《一点就到家》。
1．Which film is related to online commerce?
A．The Eight Hundred B．Lo e You Fore er
v v
C．Coffee or Tea? D．Leap
答案 C [细节理解题。根据Coffee or Tea？部分中的“They understand the e－
commerce going to the countryside is not only to sell things in the city to the
countryside，but also to sell things from the countryside.”可知，Coffee or Tea？是一
部与电商相关的电影。]
2．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．The 2016 Rio Olympic Games.
B．Some amazing stories.
C．Some exact deadlines.
D．A few popular films.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Here are some of the top 10 domestic
box office movies in 2020.”可知，本文主要讲述了2020年领跑票房的几部电影。]
3．In which part of a newspaper can this text be found?
A．Entertainment. B．Tourism.
C．Education. D．Science.
答案 A [文章出处题。本文主要讲述了2020年最受欢迎的几部电影，这样的文
章一般出现在报纸的娱乐版块。]
B
(2021·潍坊市高三统一考试)
On the outside, 12－year－old Luna seems like your average kid.It’s not until you get
to know her that you learn that Luna is anything but average.Born with a heart defect (缺陷 )called dextrocardia, Luna has had three open－heart
operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion.But when Luna was
approached by athletic shoe company Saucony to design a pair of shoes for sale across
the country, it came as quite a surprise.
“This is so incredible.I got to use my art and creativity for something new that I’d
never thought I’d be able to design，”Luna said.She is one of the six patients from
Boston Children’s Hospital (BCH) who have partnered Saucony to design their own
shoes to launch the Shoes with Soul campaign.
“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that
would raise not only money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work
that’s being done at BCH，” says Chris, Saucony’s vice president.“Specifically，we
wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their
talents with the world.”
Luna’s design is fashion.“On the tongue, they digitalized one of my drawings, and
then at the bottom it’s a really bright pink color, and on the inside, the sole of the shoe
is actually another drawing I did of a sunset，” she said.“Thinking about kids
everywhere around the world wearing my shoes is amazing.It__blows__my__mind．”
The income from the shoe sales will benefit the Boston Children’s Hospital Cardiac
Fitness Program, which encourages kids to “find your possibility” through
personalized exercise programs tailored for each individual patient’s heart condition.
“It feels really good to help people and it’s really something I can relate to，” says
Luna.“The advice I would give a kid or someone like me is ‘Never give up’．
There are a lot of kids out there with your condition and you’re not alone.”
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。该文以小女孩Luna的故事为切入点介绍了Saucony
公司推出的与生病的儿童有关的Shoes with Soul运动，该运动除了帮助筹款以外，
还给波士顿儿童医院的一些儿童提供一个与全世界分享自己故事和天赋的机会。
4．What can we learn from Chris’s words?
A．It’s unwise to raise money.
B．It’s optional to seek donations.
C．It’s wonderful to study art.D．It’s necessary to show kids’ talents.
答案 D [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Specifically，we wanted to give...with
the world”可知，Chris说他们想给波士顿儿童医院的一些儿童提供一个与全世界
分享自己的故事和天赋的机会，故D项正确。]
5．What does Luna mean by “It blows my mind” in Paragraph 5?
A．I’m overjoyed. B．I’m very serious.
C．My mind goes blank. D．My mind is racing.
答案 A [词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Thinking about kids everywhere around
the world wearing my shoes is amazing”可知，一想到世界各地的小孩都会穿着自己
参与设计的鞋子，Luna感到这令人惊喜，画线句表示“这令我惊喜万分”，故A
项正确。]
2·1·c·n·j·y
6．Which of the following best describes Luna?
A．Gifted and determined.
B．Generous and serious.
C．Grateful and helpful.
D．Creative and sensitive.
答案 A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Luna has had three...in art and fashion”
可以推断，Luna是一个坚强、意志坚定的小女孩；再根据第三段中的“She is one
of the six patients ...to launch the Shoes with Soul campaign”可推知，Luna是波士顿
儿童医院被选中的与Saucony合作设计鞋子的六个病人之一，由此可见她很有天
赋，故A项正确。]
7．What is the text mainly intended to do?
A．Tell us a story of a disabled girl.
B．Set a good example to the disabled.
C．Launch Saucony’s new brand shoes.
D．Introduce a campaign with kid patients.
答案 D [写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文以波士顿儿童医院的病人Luna的故
事为切入点，主要介绍了 Saucony 公司推出的与生病的儿童有关的 Shoes with
Soul运动的相关内容，故D项正确。]
C(2021·重庆七校联考)
For sports fans, nothing could be better than watching a live event on TV or at a sports
field.But there’s nothing worse than that event being called off because of bad
weather.Bad light, a waterlogged court or too much heat can cause matches to be
postponed.But according to the latest research, extreme weather might be disturbing
the sporting calendar more than ever in the future.
In one sport, golf and major tournaments like The Open, are already predicted to be
victims of our changing climate.In the UK, an organization called The Climate
Coalition says that golf courses such as the Old Course at St Andrews could be under
water by the end of the century if sea level rises even slightly.It told the BBC that its
research predicts “cancelled football matches，flooded cricket grounds and golf
courses sinking into the sea”．
The threat to sporting events from climate change has been further highlighted in a
new report, officially approved and licensed by the Rapid Transition Alliance.Writing
about this for the BBC, Matt McGrath says that “By 2050, it’s estimated that almost
one in four English football league grounds can expect flooding every year”．This
will mean fewer matches played, less opportunity to watch the beautiful game and
reduced government taxation from ticket sales.
Cricket also faces huge challenges globally as temperatures rise in places like India,
Australia and the West Indies.The report says that stadiums in Adelaide and Perth will
see a 60% increase in days with temperatures over 40 degrees centigrade over the next
decade.
Of course, we know that the solution lies in reducing our carbon footprints.We could
travel less to attend sporting events，and reduce our waste when we do go.But this
latest report finds that sports leaders are generally failing to address the__issue
seriously.However, because sport is universally popular and can be very influential,
maybe it should be players, teams and their sponsors as well as fans who should
promote a wide low carbon message to help protect sports fields—before it’s “game
over”．
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。最新研究表明，未来极端天气可能会比以往任何时候都更扰乱体育日程表。本文介绍了气候变化对体育运动的影响以及我们应采取
的措施。
8．What is the latest research above mainly concerned with?
A．The influential climate change.
B．The forbidden sporting events.
C．The severe environmental pollution.
D．The rising sea level.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第一段尾句可知，最新研究表明，未来极端天气可能
会比以往任何时候更扰乱体育日程表。据此可知，该项研究主要涉及有很大影响
的气候变化，故A项正确。]
9．What influence will extreme weather have on the sports?
A．Football fans cannot afford the entrance fee.
B．Overheating will largely affect the cricket calendar.
C．The golf games will thoroughly disappear due to rising sea level.
D．Sports leaders will face bigger challenges to lead their teams to win.
答案 B [细节理解题。通读第四段可知，随着印度、澳大利亚和西印度群岛等地
气温上升，板球运动也面临着全球范围内的巨大挑战；报告称，未来10年，阿德莱
德和珀斯的体育场气温超过40摄氏度的天数将增加60%。据此可知，天气过热将
在很大程度上影响板球运动日程表。故B项正确。]
10．What does the underlined part “the__issue” refer to in the last paragraph?
A．The constant increase in sea level.
B．The fading popularity of sporting events.
C．The changing attitude of sponsors.
D．The effective reduction of carbon footprints.
答案 D [词句猜测题。根据尾段第一句可知，解决办法在于减少我们的碳足迹。
结合画线部分所在的句子可知，画线部分对应“reducing our carbon footprints”，说
明体育领导人普遍没有去设法解决减少碳足迹这一问题，故D项正确。]
11．The research is introduced to us mainly to ________．
A．inform the readers of the worsening global climate change
B．require governments’ protection of sports fieldsC．promote awareness of low carbon life through sports
D．urge financial support from sponsors
答案 C [写作意图题。根据尾段尾句中的“maybe it should be players...to help
protect sports fields”可知，作者介绍该项研究是为了通过体育运动提高人们对低碳
生活的意识，故C项正确。]
专练四 词句猜测题
A
(2021·湖南省名校大联考)
One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw
away.Rubbish of all kinds is piling up in landfill and polluting our rivers and the
ocean.A more recent addition to the list of things we chuck away is e －waste—
electronic items that are broken and not recycled.Now solutions are being found to
give this stuff a new life.
Many millions of tonnes of televisions, phones, and other electronic equipment are
discarded each year, partly because it’s cheaper to replace them than to fix them, but
also because we lack the skills to repair them.A UN report claims the 50 million tonnes
of e－waste generated every year will more than double to 110 million tonnes by 2050,
making it the fastest growing waste stream in the world.
However, there’s a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a
solution to the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk.The BBC visited a
Restart Project in London, which is one of the many projects founded around the
world.One of its volunteers, Francesco Calo, said that “this project allows you to
reduce waste, extend the life of objects, and it helps people who cannot afford to get
rid of items that have developed a fault”．
As many electronic items contain valuable metals, another idea is e－waste mining.An
experiment at the University of New South Wales involves extracting these materials
from electronic gadgets.It’s thought that doing this could be more profitable than
traditional mining.With phones typically containing as many as 60 elements, this couldbe part of the solution to our appetite for new technology.
These projects make total sense—collections of e－waste for recycling are “stagnating
or even decreasing” according to Ruediger Kuehr, director of the United Nations
University.And in countries where there is no legislation, much of it just gets
dumped.However, the European Union, for example, is trying to tackle the problem by
insisting manufacturers should make appliances longer－lasting and supply spare parts
for machines for up to 10 years.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，介绍了电子垃圾问题及其解决方法。
1．According to the passage, which of the following statements is right?
A．People usually choose to repair a broken electronic item.
B．A UN report states that the number of e－waste generated will nearly double by
2050.
C．E－waste will be reduced if more projects like Restart Project are launched.
D．The e－waste mining can help people who have found a fault to purchase items.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第三段内容尤其是“this project allows...have
developed a fault”可知，如果有更多像Restart Project这样的项目，电子垃圾会减少
故C项正确。]
2．What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean?
A．Ceasing. B．Increasing.
C．Falling. D．Disappearing.
答案 A [词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“or even decreasing”可知，画线词与
decreasing之间为递进关系，结合选项可知，A项符合语境。此处表示用于回收利
用的电子垃圾物品处于停滞状态或者甚至在减少。cease“停止”。stagnate“停滞
不发展”。]
3．What can be the best title for the text?
A．What is damaging our planet?
B．What is significant for e－waste recycling?
C．E－waste mining benefits us more.
D．New lives are brought to e－waste.
答案 D [主旨大意题。根据本文的中心句“Now solutions are being found to givethis stuff a new life”可知，本文主要讲的是人们发现了新的方法来解决电子垃圾问
题，故D项最适合作本文的标题。]
4．What is the author’s attitude towards the future of the problem?
A．He is doubtful about it.
B．He is concerned but full of confidence.
C．He thinks it’s just a piece of cake.
D．He supposes there’s a long way to go.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据第二段中提到的“A UN report claims...in the world”
可推知，作者对于电子垃圾问题感到担忧，再根据最后一段中的“These projects
make total sense”可推知，作者对于解决该问题充满了信心，故B项正确。]
B
(2021·西安五校高三联考)
Ask people in the UK what the words “Sunday roast” mean to them，and they’ll
probably take you back to their grandmothers’ dining rooms—maybe with a few
stories of “the greatest puddings” and “the best ever steak”．But now the traditional
Sunday roast seems to have been left back in the old days.According to Daily Mail，
just one in 50 British families sits down to this weekly meal together.
There are many reasons why the roast is becoming less popular.In the busy modern
world，where breakfast is a slice of toast eaten on the way to work or school and lunch
is a quick sandwich in front of the computer screen，people just don’t seem to have the
time or patience to make a roast.
And Sunday was once a day when people could easily go to the kitchen to
cook.Nowadays，people are often out shopping or at the cinema until it’s far too late to
start thinking about heating the oven (烤箱) up.
However，a recent article from The Telegraph warned against being carried away by
our tight schedules：“It would be a shame to let this fine old tradition disappear.”
The Guardian further explained that the eating of the big meal is only the half of it．
The Sunday roast also makes for relaxed morning activities in the kitchen，and the
table becomes the perfect place to share good food and chat with family and
friends.“For busy moms and dads，even if you can manage to turn off your mobilephone and the TV only once a week and turn the Sunday roast into a real family event，
children can have fun cooking the food and clearing up together.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。周日全家人聚在一起共享烤肉是英国的一个传统饮
食习惯。但是，随着生活节奏加快，人们似乎已经没有时间和耐心做“周日烤肉”
了。
5．Why do people pay less attention to the Sunday roast nowadays?
A．They have a busy lifestyle.
B．They have no interest in cooking.
C．They don’t think it worthwhile.
D．They are living in the modern society.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，在繁忙的现代社会，早餐是在上
班或上学的路上吃一片吐司，午餐是在电脑屏幕前快速吃一个三明治，人们似乎
没有时间和耐心做烤肉。据此可知，如今人们很少关注“周日烤肉”是因为生活
太忙碌。]
6．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．A recent article.
B．The fine old tradition.
C．A traditional kitchen.
D．The Sunday morning activity.
答案 B [词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“It would be a shame to let this fine old
tradition disappear.” 可知，《电讯报》上最近的一篇报道指出，让这一优良的古老传
统消失将是一件令人惋惜的事。又结合第五段第一句可以推断，该句中的it即指
代上一段中的“this fine old tradition”。]
21教育网
7．How does the author feel towards the Sunday roast’s decline?
A．Sorry. B．Doubtful.
C．Uncertain. D．Positive.
答案 A [观点态度题。通读全文可知，作者先是提到吃“周日烤肉”这一传统
变得不太受欢迎了，接着分析了这一现象的原因，然后又提到英国有媒体指出，吃
“周日烤肉”这一传统不能被抛弃，它对家庭有益。据此可以推断，作者对吃“周
日烤肉”这一传统的衰落感到难过、惋惜。]8．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Sunday—Best Time for Family
B．The Sunday Roast Is Dying Out
C．It’s the Perfect Time for Us
D．Let’s Sit Down Together
答案 B [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第一段第二句“But now the
traditional Sunday roast seems to have been left back in the old days”为全文的主题句，
提出文章主题——英国吃“周日烤肉”的传统将近消失，下文围绕此主题展开，
分析了这一现象的原因及一些媒体对此现象的看法。]
C
(2021·石家庄市质量检测一)
Today，almost a third of Japan’s population is over 65.So，to help society deal with an
ageing population，a Tokyo company has developed an “Ageing Suit”．As a journalist，
I went along to try it out.
The few hours I spent at the “Wonderful Aging Club” were，it has to be said，rather
depressing.I，dressed in the club’s “Ageing Suit”，was transformed rather too quickly
from a relatively healthy 36－year－old to an 80－year－old.
First，I had to put on restrictive bindings (镶边) over my knees，elbows，ankles and
feet，which made me unable to move normally.The ladies of the Wonderful Aging
Club，however，were still far from finished.Assuring me that their suit had been
carefully designed on the basis of scientific research into the exact effects of ageing，
they next applied a pair of special gloves to my hands to make grabbing much more
difficult.A number of weights were attached to my body to create the sensation of
weakened muscles.A pair of earplugs muffled my hearing and my vision grew rather
clouded as a result of the special glasses.This completed imprisonment__in__a__body
more than twice my own age.Now I found myself clumsily getting my way through
such newly difficult tasks as sitting down on a chair and then standing up again or
opening a can of Coke.
But what is the purpose of this ageing suit？The company claims that it gives a very
accurate representation of what being old is really like，and that，when it comes toplanning for the future，that experience will be of great value.They hope to see whether
the products or services they offer really do meet the needs of the elderly.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在东京 Wonderful Aging Club
体验变老套装的经历。
9．How did the author feel at the “Wonderful Aging Club”？
A．Unhappy. B．Curious.
C．Puzzled. D．Cheerful.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The few hours I spent at the
‘Wonderful Aging Club’were，it has to be said，rather depressing”可知，作者在
Wonderful Aging Club 感到很沮丧。]
10．What did the ladies of the “Wonderful Aging Club” tell the author?
A．The suit was far from completed.
B．The suit was scientifically designed.
C．They had to perform the task carefully.
D．They had to experience the state of aging.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Assuring me that their suit had been
carefully designed on the basis of scientific research into the exact effects of ageing”可
知，Wonderful Aging Club里面的女工作人员告诉作者这个套装是经过科学设计
的。]
www.21-cn-jy.com
11．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．An exhausted condition.
B．A relaxed atmosphere.
C．A pleased state.
D．A restricted situation.
答案 D [词句猜测题。根据画线部分后的“Now I found myself...a can of Coke”
可知，穿上套装之后，作者做事很不方便，那些简单的动作对作者来说变得有难度
这给作者制造了一个受限制的局面，故D项的含义与画线部分的意义最为接近。]
12．What is the ageing suit intended to do?
A．Reduce the cost of the ageing problem.
B．Make the homes of the old smart.C．Tailor elderly services to fit their needs.
D．Sell different products to the elderly.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They hope to see whether the
products or services they offer really do meet the needs of the elderly”可知，Wonderful
Aging Club旨在通过变老套装调整针对老年人的产品或服务，以满足他们的需
求。]
专练五 主旨大意题(文章大意、段落大意)
A
(2021·福州市3月质量检测)
I never thought I’d hear myself say it，but I’ve grown to enjoy lifting weights，and I’ve
learned something from doing it.I enjoy the sense of strength and discipline that comes
when the muscles are forced to resist.I’ve tried varying schedules—lifting every day，
every other day，two days on and a day off.The every day approach is the least
effective.I get the best strengthening results when I give myself a break.
The same is true with mind and spirit.Without giving a chance to reenergize yourself，
you begin to break down all the connective fibers of your life.I used to just give myself
Sundays off.Now I’m scheduling downtime in the midst of everything—and
“everything” includes reading two magazines，building a house in Hawaii，working on
an ABC movie—and，oh yeah，my day job.Keeping it all straight was beginning to feel
a little stressful.So I told myself that just because I have ten free minutes on my
calendar doesn’t mean I want to fill them.Breathing space has to become part of my
daily routine.
【版权所有：21教育】
So instead of having people lined up outside my office after the first show—I tape two
a day—I do nothing for at least ten minutes.The change has worked wonders.I have
more energy，and I’m in a better mood for the second show and all the business that
comes afterward.
Now that I have the summer off to sit under the trees reading，napping，writing and
thinking，I know for sure it’s time well spent.I’m refilling my tank so that by fall，when the new season begins，I’ll be fired up and ready for whatever is to come.Fully
restored.
【语篇解读】 本文是夹叙夹议文。作者在训练举重的过程中发现，通过调整日程
安排可以达到更好的训练效果。由此联想到这也同样适用于人的思维和精神层面，
适度的休息与调整可以产生更好的效果。
1．What is the function of the first paragraph?
A．To arouse readers’ concern.
B．To summarize the whole passage.
C．To state the importance of a good lifestyle.
D．To introduce the theme of the whole passage.
答案 D [推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文的主题是适度调整与休息更能帮助
人走得远。根据文章第一段的内容可知，作者提及自己训练举重的过程与经历，在
尝试了多种训练日程安排后发现，每日训练的训练方式效果最差；而给自己休息
时间的训练方式更加有效，从而引出本文的主题。]
2．Which of the following does the author agree with?
A．Keeping everything straight.
B．Resting at any time.
C．Taking breaks between tasks.
D．Having a full schedule.
答案 C [推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Now I’m scheduling downtime in
the midst of everything”“Breathing space has to become part of my daily routine.”可
推知，作者认为完成一项任务再进行下一项任务前可以休息。]
3．What does the underlined “it” in Para.2 refer to?
【出处：21教育名师】
A．Everything. B．Building a house.
C．My day job. D．Working on a movie.
答案 A [代词指代题。根据文章第二段中的“Now I’m scheduling downtime in
the midst of everything”及 it 所在句可推知，此处 it 泛指各种各样的事情。]
4．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Lifting weights changes people’s life.
B．A little restoration helps go a long way.C．Why people need to be in high spirits.
D．Ten minutes’ break will help you relax.
答案 B [文章大意题。根据文章尾段中的“I’m refilling my tank so that by fall，
when the new season begins，I’ll be fired up and ready for whatever is to come.Fully
restored.”和文章的其他内容可知，本文主要是通过作者的亲身经历总结得出结
论：一些休整时间可以帮助人做好准备，走得远。]
【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
B
(2021·济南市高中三年级学情诊断)
We already know that eating too much salt can lead to heart disease.But could it also
affect our mind ？ Scientists found that a high － salt diet could cause cognitive
impairments (认知损伤) in mice，and it could produce the same effect on humans.
Dr Costantino Iadecola ， director of the Feil Family Brain and Mind Research
Institute，said they fed the mice eight to sixteen times their normal salt intake and then
tested the mice.After about three months ， the mice had a big change in their
behaviour.Mice are very curious，and they like to look for new things.However，the
tested mice lost the ability to identify a normal object.When the mice were put in their
cage and asked to find a quiet spot，they did not remember where the quiet spot
was.Then when the mice were building a nest，which is something the mice do daily，
they were unable to do so.The research suggested humans would experience a similar
response.
Studies have shown Australians eat around double the recommended amount of salt
each day，most of it coming from processed food.Dr Iadecola said the estimated two
teaspoons of salt the average Australian eats each day could affect the brain function in
the long term.However，the decline might not be as obvious as in the mice，who were
given extremely high levels of salt.“But probably over years and perhaps decades—as
opposed to a few months for the mice—even lower levels of salt may have a terrible
effect，” Dr Iadecola said.
“High levels of salt cause serious immune (免疫的) changes in the organs in and
around the stomach，resulting in an almost autoimmune effect on the brain.It is part of
a growing body of evidence that we really are what we eat，”Bryce Vissel，director ofthe Centre for Neuroscience at the University of Technology Sydney，said.“Those
changes in turn cause all sorts of responses in the body，which over time certainly
contribute to cognitive impairments.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。我们已经知道吃太多盐会导致心脏病，不过科学家
还发现，高盐饮食会造成老鼠的认知损伤，其对人类也会产生同样的影响。
5．Which can describe the tested mice?
A．They remained quiet all day.
B．They became smarter than ever.
C．They forgot some routine things.
D．They were quick at finding objects.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Then when the mice were building a
nest，which is something the mice do daily，they were unable to do so.”可知，被测试
的老鼠不能再建窝，而建窝是它们每天做的事情，故C选项“它们忘记了一些日
常的事情”正确。]
6．What do we know about Australians?
A．They ignore health advice.
B．They have a higher－salt diet.
C．They dislike processed food.
D．They value their brain health.
答案 B [细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Studies have shown Australians
eat...coming from processed food.”可知，研究表明澳大利亚人每天吃大约为推荐量
的两倍的食盐，这些食盐大部分来自加工食品。]
7．What does the last paragraph mainly focus on?
A．Studies carried out by Bryce Vissel.
B．Immune changes brought about by salt.
C．Effects of daily diets on human behaviour.
D．Links between salt intake and brain damage.
答案 D [段落大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知，高盐引起腹部内部和周围器
官严重的免疫变化，会对大脑造成几乎是自身免疫性的影响，这些变化转而引起
身体的各种反应，这些反应随着时间的流逝肯定会造成认知损伤，D选项“食盐摄入量和大脑损伤之间的联系”概括了本段的主要意思。]
8．What does the text suggest?
A．Brain health counts much.
B．The body never tells a lie.
C．A low－salt diet is to be advocated.
D．Heart disease can be prevented.
答案 C [推理判断题。本文的中心内容为：科学家发现高盐饮食会造成认知损
伤。故可推知，C选项“提倡低盐饮食”符合文章要表达的意思。]
C
(2021·昆明市高三“三诊一模”)
As digital devices (设备) have taken over society，“Keyboard activity is now often
recommended as a substitute for early handwriting，”a new study notes.The idea is
that typing may be easier for young children.
21·cn·jy·com
“Some schools in Norway have become completely digital，”notes Audrey Van der
Meer，the new study’s leader，who measures brain activity to better understand
learning and behaviors.She works at the Norwegian University of Science and
Technology in Trondheim.The human brain has developed to interact with the world in
as many ways as possible，she notes.She believes that young children should learn to
write by hand successfully，and，at the same time learn to manage a keyboard.
Using a pen involves more of the brain than using a keyboard，her new findings
show.This is because writing and printing involve complex movements that activate
more areas of the brain.The increased brain activity，“gives the brain more ‘hooks’
to hang your memories on，”she explains.
Think about it.The same movement is required to type each letter on a keyboard.By
comparison，when we write，our brain needs to think about and recover memories of
the shape of each letter.We also need to use our eyes to watch what shapes we’re
writing.And we need to control our hands to press a pen or pencil to shape the
different letters.All of this uses and connects more areas of the brain.
Along the way，these processes appear to “open the brain up for learning”，says Van
der Meer.So learning through only one format—digital—could be harmful ， sheworries.
Van der Meer also points out that taking notes by hand stimulates (激发) “visual note
－taking”．Rather than typing blindly，the visual note－taker has to think about what
is important to write down.Then，key words can be “interlinked by boxes，and
arrows，and supplemented by small drawings”．
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。研究发现，随着数字设备在社会的广泛使用，用键盘
代替手写成为一种思潮。但是，人类的大脑应当以尽可能多的方式与世界互动，这
样更有利于思维的训练。
9．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Digital devices are popular with students.
B．Handwriting beats typing in taking notes.
C．The process of taking notes changes thinking.
D．The new study makes contributions to science.
答案 B [文章大意题。通读全文尤其第二段尾句“She believes that young
children...manage a keyboard.”及第三段第一句“Using a pen involves more of the
brain than using a keyboard，her new findings show.”可知，本文主要说明了手写比
使用键盘涉及更多的大脑活动，更有利于思维训练，在记笔记上手写胜过打字，故
B项正确。]
10．What should young kids do according to Van der Meer?
A．Communicate with the world.
B．Rely on keyboard activity.
C．Learn to write by hand.
D．Master basic drawing skills.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“She believes that young children
should learn to write by hand successfully”可知，她认为孩子们应该成功学会用手写
字，故C项正确。]
11．How does the author draw the conclusion?
A．By studying how the brain develops.
B．By observing social phenomena.
C．By assessing functions of senses.D．By comparing ways of taking notes.
答案 D [推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Using a pen involves more of the
brain than using a keyboard，her new findings show”可知，比较而言，使用笔要比使
用键盘涉及较多的大脑活动；结合尾段第二句可知，与盲打不同，视觉记录者必须
思考什么是重要的要写下来的。据此可以推知，本文是通过比较记笔记的方法来
得出结论的，故D项正确。]
12．In which section of a newspaper may the text appear?
A．Relationship. B．Fashion.
C．Culture. D．Science.
答案 D [文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项研究发现：随着数字设备
在社会的广泛使用，用键盘代替手写成为一种思潮；但是，人类的大脑应当以尽可
能多的方式与世界互动，这样更有利于思维的训练；手写比使用键盘更有利于大
脑发展。据此可知，本文属于科普类说明文，最可能摘自“科技”版块，故D项正
确。]
专练六 主旨大意题(标题归纳)
A
(2021·河南省高考适应性测试)
An amazing occurrence happened in South Africa when 31 elephants made a journey
to pay their respect to their hero who had saved their lives and many other
animals.Lawrence Anthony，a legend (传奇人物) in South Africa and author of three
books including the bestseller The Elephant Whisperer，bravely rescued elephants and
other wildlife all over the globe，including the courageous rescue of Baghdad Zoo
animals in 2003.On March 7，2012，Lawrence Anthony died.
Two days after his passing，the wild elephants showed up at his home led by two old
female elephants.Separate wild groups arrived to say goodbye to their beloved man－
friend.A total of 31 elephants had patiently walked over 12 miles to reach his South
African house.Witnessing this sight，humans were obviously in awe (敬畏) not only
because of the precise timing that these elephants sensed about Lawrence’s passing，but also because of the deep memory and emotion the beloved animals showed in such
an organized way.
Walking slowly—for days—they made their way in a one－by－one queue from their
home in the wild bush to his house.Lawrence’s wife，Francoise，was especially
touched，knowing that the elephants had not been to his house prior to (在前面的) that
day for well over three years！They knew where they were going and they seemed to
know why they were going to Lawrence’s home.The elephants obviously wanted to
pay their deep respect，honoring their human friend who had saved their lives—so
much respect that they stayed for two days and two nights without eating anything.
After honoring Lawrence Anthony in the only way they could，then one morning，they
left，making their long journey back home.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。劳伦斯·安东尼是南非的一名动物保护者。在他去世
两天之后，31 头被他帮助过的大象走了 12 多英里去他家待了两天两夜且未进食，
以表示它们对他的敬意。
1．When did the elephants appear at Lawrence Anthony’s house?
A．On March 5，2012. B．On March 7，2012.
C．On March 9，2012. D．On March 11，2012.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第一段结尾“On March 7，2012，Lawrence Anthony
died.”和第二段第一句可知，大象在 2012年3月9日出现在劳伦斯·安东尼的房
子前。]
2.Which paragraph (s) show (s) the elephants were intelligent，emotional and well－
organized?
A．Paragraph 1.
B．Paragraph 2.
C．Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3.
D．Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第二段和第三段内容可知，多头大象在两头母象的
带领下排成一列纵队走了 12 多英里到劳伦斯·安东尼家待了两天两夜且未进食，
以表示它们的敬意，故第二段和第三段表现出大象是聪明的、有情感的、组织有序
的动物。]3．What makes Lawrence Anthony a legend?
A．The bestseller The Elephant Whisperer.
B．The wild elephants’ amazing occurrence.
C．His rescue of wildlife all over the world.
D．His special way of living with wild animals.
答案 C [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“bravely rescued elephants and other
wildlife all over the globe，including the courageous rescue of Baghdad Zoo animals in
2003”可知，劳伦斯·安东尼因其在全球范围内救助大象和其他野生动物的举动而
成为一个传奇人物。]
21·世纪*教育网
4．What is the best title for the text?
A．An honorable legend
B．A long journey back home
C．Well－organized wild elephants
D．The day they remembered
答案 D [标题归纳题。本文主要讲了在动物保护者劳伦斯·安东尼去世两天之后
31 头被他帮助过的大象走了 12 多英里去他家待了两天两夜且未进食以表示它们
的敬意，故D项为本文的最佳标题。]
【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
B
(2021·昆明市高三“三诊一模”)
Through an agreement signed today，the much－loved animals will continue to delight
visitors for another three years ， through December 7 ， 2023.“We’re all very
excited ，” says Steve Monfort，the director of the Smithsonian’s National Zoo and
Conservation Biology Institute.“It’s very good that we can continue our cooperation
with our Chinese colleagues.”
The female giant panda Mei Xiang and male Tian Tian，will return to China at the end
of 2023 at the relatively elder panda ages of 25 and 26 respectively (分别地)．The
probable lifetime for giant pandas is about 15 to 20 years in the wild，and about 30
years in captivity (圈养)．Likely to travel with the two is Xiao Qi Ji (Little Miracle)，
who was born on August 21，2020.The male cub is the fourth of Mei Xiang’s four
surviving cubs.By a long－standing agreement，cubs born in captivity at the Zoo are sent to China
before four.When Xiao Qi Ji was born，his mother Mei Xiang became the oldest giant
panda to give birth in North America.
The public has yet to see Xiao Qi Ji in person.Normally，it would be at about this
time，a little over 100 days，that a cub would be able to be shared with the public.Over
1.6 million people have watched the Zoo’s Panda Cam since the August birth，with a
total of 8.8 million page views.Just this week，his parents，Mei Xiang and Tian Tian
marked the 20 years in Washington，D.C.
The extension agreement means that the National Zoo and China will reach a half
century of conservation and cooperation between the U．S.and China.“It shouldn’t be
surprising to people that cooperation is the foundation of the way that one does the
work，”Monfort says.In protecting species，no one organization and often not even
one government can theoretically save a species without partnership.
【语篇解读】 本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中美之间达成大熊猫延期协议及
其内容和意义。
5．What is the agreement about?
A．Two pandas’ three more years in the USA.
B．Cooperation between the Zoo and China.
C．The first public appearance of Xiao Qi Ji.
D．The way to return home for three pandas.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据文章内容，尤其第一段首句“Through an agreement
signed...through December 7，2023.”可知，协议的内容是关于两只大熊猫留在美国
动物园的时间延长三年。]
6．What do we know about Mei Xiang?
A．She has been abroad for 20 years.
B．She has been sent back to China.
C．She was born in the National Zoo.
D．She’s the oldest panda to give birth.
答案 A [细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“Just this week，his parents，Mei Xiang
and Tian Tian marked the 20 years in Washington，D.C.”可知，就在本周，他的父母添添和美香庆祝了 20 周年纪念。据此可知，美香在美国已经有二十年了。]
7．What’s the public’s attitude towards the newly－born panda?
A．Uncaring. B．Enthusiastic.
C．Cautious. D．Sympathetic.
答案 B [观点态度题。根据第四段中的“Over 1.6 million people...8.8 million
page views.”可知，自8月小奇迹出生以来，已有超过160万人观看了该动物园的
大熊猫实况，总共有880万的页面浏览量。据此可以推知，公众对新生的大熊猫很
热心。]
8．What is the best title for the text?
A．Mei Xiang Has Given Birth to Xiao Qi Ji
B．Cooperation Is Key to Animal Protection
C．An Extension Agreement on Pandas Is Reached
D．The Lifetime for Giant Pandas Is Figured Out
答案 C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章首句“Through an agreement signed
today，the much－loved animals will continue to delight visitors for another three
years，through December 7，2023.”为全文主题句；结合下文内容可知，本文主要讲
述了中美签订了大熊猫保护研究合作项目延期协议，故 C项最适合作为本文标
题。]
C
(2021·济南市高三学情诊断)
Do you like the woolly mammoths (毛猛犸象) from the movie Ice Age? Too bad
they’re extinct.Thanks to recent developments in biotechnology, the stuff of science
fiction may soon become a reality through an attractive process called “de －
extinction”， which aims to bring the extinct species back.The resurrected (复活的)
species are functionally equal to the original extinct species, but they are not exact
copies.
There are three primary techniques of de－extinction.One of them is that scientists
deliberately select existing species with similar characteristics to the extinct species to
produce the later generation.This is a natural method.Another is cloning.A cloned
animal is created by obtaining the DNA of the extinct animal.The later generation willbe an identical copy of the extinct species.This is only applied to animals that are either
endangered or have recently gone extinct, as it requires well－preserved eggs.The third
is the newest technique—genetic engineering (基因工程)．It uses gene－editing tools
to place selected genes from extinct animals in place of those present in its closest
living relative.
If we refer to Jurassic Park, resurrecting extinct animals is a terrible idea.Thankfully,
we don’t have to worry about dinosaurs running wildly, as their DNA has disintegrated
over the 65 million years since their extinction.DNA can survive for several million
years at best under certain rare conditions, but does that mean we should do that?
De－extinction is more for ecology than for tourism.Ecologist Ben Novak said, “All
animals perform critical roles in their ecosystem.Woolly mammoths, for example,
were excellent gardeners.Their disappearance was followed by a loss in diversity and
the Arctic grassland became a cold, icy field.If a resurrected animal is always going to
be a zoo animal then it shouldn’t be brought back.”
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了“灭绝动物复活”的相关内容，其中讲
到了三种主要的灭绝动物复活技术，并指出灭绝动物复活更多的是为了生态而不
是旅游。
9．Why does the author mention the movie Ice Age?
A．To recall the joy from the movie.
B．To lead the readers into the topic.
C．To attract readers’ attention to the movie.
D．To show functions of resurrecting animals.
答案 B [推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，作者提到《冰河世纪》这部
电影是为了说明，该电影中的毛猛犸象在现实中已经灭绝，但是科幻影片里的东
西可能不久通过“灭绝动物复活”成为现实，从而引出本文的话题，故B选项
“引领读者进入话题”正确。]
10．What are mainly discussed about de－extinction in Paragraph 2?
A．Its main methods.
B．Its wide applications.
C．Its complex procedures.D．Its distinct characteristics.
答案 A [主旨大意题。通读第二段可知，该段第一句“There are three primary
techniques of de－extinction”为该段的主旨句，该段主要介绍了三种主要的灭绝
动物复活技术，故A选项“它的主要方法”正确。]
21*cnjy*com
11．What can replace the underlined word “disintegrated” in Paragraph 3?
A．broken away B．picked up
C．fallen apart D．run out
答案 C [词句猜测题。根据“disintegrated”所在句子可知，我们不需要担心恐龙
乱跑，又根据该词是由integrate加否定前缀dis－变化而来，其意思应与integrate
的意思相反，故此处表示“因为它们的DNA已经在它们灭绝后的6 500万年里分
裂了”，故C选项“破碎，破裂”正确。A选项意为“脱离，逃脱”。]
12．What would be the best title for the text?
A．Can we bring extinct animals back?
B．Do you like the woolly mammoths?
C．Will dinosaurs be seen in the zoo?
D．Should we promote cloning skills?
答案 A [标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了“灭绝动物复活”的相关内容，故A选
项“我们能让灭绝的动物复活吗？”可作本文的最佳标题。]
