文档内容
Key to CET-4 Model Test One
Part Ⅰ Writing
【写作思路】
这是一篇谚语类作文，要求阐述不要以貌取人的重要性。此类作文一般为三段式，即，
第一段提出所要评述的谚语。第二段具体分析该谚语的合理之处。第三段总结全文。
【参考范文】
There is a well-known proverb which states “Do not judge the book by its cover.” It suggests
that one shouldn’t prejudge the worth or value of something by its outward appearance alone.
No matter how open minded a person may claim to be, everyone makes presumptions about
others based strictly on first impressions. Seeing someone for only a split second, you’ll find
yourself making assumptions on that person’s attitudes, personality, and character. However,
appearances can be deceptive. In fact, first impressions do tell something, but not everything. For
example, it is not unusual to see that a lady with a pretty face turns out to be rude and out of place.
What’s more, for those with whom we only keep acquaintance, judgments are also prone to bias as
a result of our natural intuition and accumulated prejudices. Therefore, a particular impression on
a specific occasion cannot display the true character of a man in an all-round manner.
In a word, it is preferred to hold an objective attitude when passing judgment on other people.
Part II Listening Comprehension
Section A
News Report One
听力原文
(1) Automakers and tech companies are working hard to offer the first true self-driving car,
but 75% of drivers say they wouldn’t feel safe in such a vehicle. Still, 60% of drivers would like
to get some kind of self-driving feature, such as automatic braking or self-parking, the next time
they buy a new car. The attitudes are published in a new AAA (Triple A) survey of 1,800 drivers.
Advocates of self-driving cars argue they would be safer than cars driven by humans because
they wouldn’t get distracted or drive when tired. But those surveyed by AAA say they trust their
own driving skills. Many feel the technology is too new and unproven.
John Nielsen, AAA’s managing director of automotive engineering and repair, said tests
suggest drivers may be overestimating their own abilities. (2) He also believes they will be more
likely to trust self-diving cars as they become more familiar with features such as automatic
braking or parking. He estimated that the “comfort level” will increase considerably in five to ten
years.
1. What is the finding of the AAA survey?
（AAA调查的结果是什么？）
解析：C）细节题。根据录音开头可知，汽车制造商和科技公司正在努力推出第一款真正的
自动驾驶汽车，但75%的司机表示，他们在这种汽车上不会感到安全。故正确答案为C。
12. What does John Nielsen say about self-driving cars?
（约翰·尼尔森如何评价自动驾驶汽车？）
解析：A）细节题。根据录音结尾可知，约翰·尼尔森认为，随着人们对自动刹车或停车等
功能越来越熟悉，他们将更有可能信任自动驾驶汽车，故正确答案为A。
News Report Two
听力原文
(3) One dog has been killed and multiple dogs have been injured by a snowmobile driver in
what appears to be an intentional attack on competitors in the Iditarod Race in Alaska.
Aliy Zirkle was the first to report an attack. A snowmobile driver had repeatedly attempted to
harm her and her team, and one of Zirkle’s dogs had received a non-life-threatening injury. Zirkle
reported the attack when she arrived in Nulato, Alaska, in the early hours of the morning. (4) Then
Jeff King, a four-time champion, reported a similar attack. His team was hit by a snowmobile
driver, injuring several dogs and killing a 3-year-old male dog. Reporter Zachariah Hughes says
that neither King nor Zirkle was injured. Although this incident very much alters the race of the
two participants competing for a win, both are going to continue on their way toward the finishing
line.
Alaska State Troopers released a statement saying they’ve arrested Arnold Demoski, 26. He
faces a trial on several charges.
3. What is the news report mainly about?
（这篇新闻报道的主要内容是什么？）
解析：C）主旨题。根据录音开头可知，一名摩托雪橇司机在阿拉斯加的伊迪塔罗德比赛中
故意袭击了参赛者，造成一条狗死亡，多条狗受伤。故正确答案为C。
4. What do we learn about Jeff King?
（关于杰夫·金，我们可以了解到什么？）
解析：B）细节题。录音中间部分提到，随后，四届冠军杰夫·金报告了类似的攻击事件。
可知杰夫·金拿过四届伊迪塔罗德比赛的冠军，故正确答案为B。
News Report Three
听力原文
(5) A tour boat turned over off the coast of Nicaragua, killing at least 13 people and leaving
more passengers missing, officials said.
(6) The boat was carrying 32 people—25 Costa Ricans, four Americans and three
Nicaraguans. The 13 dead were all Costa Rican, the foreign ministry said The boat, traveling
between Nicaragua’s Big Corn Island and Little Com Island, turned over Saturday near the largest
island. Some passengers remain missing, the Costa Rican foreign ministry said, but did not specify
how many. A local radio said an unspecified number of people were rescued, including the tour
boat's owner, Hilario Blandon. (5) Nicaragua naval authorities had banned sea travel in the area
because of bad weather and strong winds, but the tour boat proceeded anyway.
(7) Blandon, the boat’s owner, has been arrested by Nicaraguan authorities, the state-run
news agency said. Both he and a crew member, are being investigated for unintentional murder
and exposing people to danger, according to police.
25. What happened to the tour boat sailing off the Nicaragua coast?
（这艘在尼加拉瓜海岸航行的游船发生了什么？）
解析：D）推理题。根据录音开头可知，一艘旅游船在尼加拉瓜海岸翻船。根据录音中间可
知，由于恶劣的天气和强风，尼加拉瓜海军当局已禁止在该地区进行海上旅行，但旅游船仍
在继续。由此可知，这艘在尼加拉瓜海岸航行的游船是由于恶劣的天气和强风翻船的。故正
确答案为D。
6. How many people was the boat carrying?
（这艘船载了多少人？）
解析：D）细节题。根据录音可知，这艘船载着 32 人——25 名哥斯达黎加人、4 名美国人
和3名尼加拉瓜人——13名死者都是哥斯达黎加人。故正确答案为D。 A和B都是根据后
面分述的数字做干扰。
7. What do we know about the owner of the boat?
（关于这艘船的主人，我们获悉了什么？）
解析：B）细节题。根据录音结尾可知，官方通讯社称，该船的船主布兰登已被尼加拉瓜当
局逮捕。据警方称，他和一名机组人员都因无心谋杀和将人置于危险之中而受到调查。故正
确答案为B。D选项表示，他也在失踪人员名单中，但是录音结尾表明他已经被逮捕，故排
除。
Section B
Conversation One
听力原文
M: Hi, Susan! You’re looking very smart today.
W: I always look smart, James. Actually I’m on my way to a job interview.
M: What job? Oh, you mean for the summer holidays?
W: Yeah, there is only two weeks to go. (8) I’ve got a second interview with that big foreign
accountancy firm in the city center. You know the one.
M: That’s fantastic!
W: (9) The work is just helping out with the data input, you know, but the pay isn’t too bad. It
might suit you too. I know they have released two temporary positions available. And I don’t think
they have anyone else yet.
M: Um, if they take you on, tell them you know a friend who’d be really good too. (10) I really
need the money, and the experience will look good on my resume. Maybe we’ll be working
together, the dream team.
W: OK, we’ll do. If the boss likes me, I’ll mention it. It will be good to have someone around who
I know I’ll phone you afterwards. But perhaps you should put in an application anyway.
M Thanks, Susan. That’s great! Listen, do you want a lift to the city? I have my dad’s car today
and nothing else to do this morning.
W Sure. Thanks, James.
M: Let’s go then. The car is over there.
W: By the way, how is your knowledge of accountancy? The interviewer may ask you about it.
M: No problem. (11) I think I can survive I might just have to review a few accountancy terms.
3Maybe you can give me a practicing interview first.
W: Of course. Let’s go then. Don’t want to be late!
8. Where will Susan probably get a job?
（苏珊可能会在哪里找到工作?）
解析：C）细节题。根据录音可知，女士说她在市中心的那家大型外国会计师事务所接受了
第二次面试。故正确答案为C。
9. What will Susan’s future job involve?
（苏珊未来的工作将涉及什么?）
解析：A）细节题。根据录音可知，女士说这份工作就是帮忙输入数据，故正确答案为A。
10. Why did James want the job in that company?
（为什么詹姆斯想要得到该公司的那份工作？）
解析：B）细节题。根据录音可知，男士说他真的很需要钱，这个经历也会让他的简历更漂
亮，而且他们两个还可以一起工作，故正确答案为B。
11. What did James say he’ll have to do to prepare for the interview?
（为了准备面试，詹姆斯说他需要做什么？）
解析：D）细节题。女士问男士对会计掌握得怎样，男士说只是需要复习一些会计术语。故
正确答案为D。
Conversation Two
听力原文
W: There is new data out today which confirms that many Americans are not good at math. And
when it comes to everyday technology skills, we did rather badly compared to other developed
countries. Here is Gabriele Emannuel of National Public Radio.
M: (12) Let’s start with the bad news that Americans are terrible at technology skills, using email,
naming a file on the computer, using the link on a webpage or just texting someone.
W: No country scored below the US.
M: Only one country, Poland performed as poorly as we did. (13) Who came out the first? Japan
did the best and then Finland. (14) If you look at data about reading and math, you’ll notice
something interesting: Young adults who went to college or graduate school were doing pretty
well. In literacy, they were actually doing better than the peers in any other countries.
W: So that’s a bit of good news!
M: But when you look at Americans who have a high school diploma, they look a lot like other
countries’ high school dropouts. We have a lot of work to do. That’s especially true when it comes
to math. You go to the store and there is a sale. Buy one, get the second one half off. You decide
to buy two, how much do you pay?
W: You mean high school graduates cannot do this task in general?
M: You are right. (15) What does that tell us about our education system? Well, it tells us that we
need to think about the preparedness of our students as they are leaving high school.
W: Right. And schools, employers, in fact, we all need to do something about it. Thank you,
Gabriele.
412. What does the man say about Americans?
（关于美国人，这位男士提到了什么？）
解析：B）推理题。根据录音可知，男士说美国人在对于科技技能运用上，比如电子邮件，
在电脑上给文件命名，用网页上的链接，或者发短信都太差了，所以可以推断，男士认为美
国人缺乏技能。A选项和文意不符，C选项和D选项属于无中生有，B选项符合文意，故正
确答案为B。
13. Who performs the best in technology skills according to the man?
（根据这位男士的表述，谁在科技技能方面表现得最好?）
解析：A）细节题。根据录音，男士说日本第一，然后是芬兰。故正确答案为A。
14. In what aspect did American college students perform well?
（美国大学生在哪个方面表现得很好？）
解析：D）细节题。根据录音可知，男士说，如果你看一下关于阅读和数学的数据，你会发
现有趣的事。读大学或者研究生的年轻人做的还不错。在文学方面，他们比其它国家的同龄
人做得更好。故正确答案为D。
15. What do we learn from the conversation about American high school education?
（关于美国高中教育系统，我们能从这段对话中获得什么信息？）
解析：C）主旨题。整段录音基本都在讨论美国教育系统在科学、数学、实用技能等方面的
不足之处，可优先排除B和D，A选项无中生有，C可以从全文的表述中推理得出，故正确
答案为C。
Section C
Passage One
听力原文
Wild carrots probably evolved with the other flowering plants, about 360 million years ago.
Like apples, carrots are native to Central Asia. That’s why horses, also from Central Asia, like
both apples and carrots so much. (16) The roots of wild carrots are white, small and skinny, so we
have to pick a lot of wild carrots to get enough to eat. Doctors used carrots’ seeds and roots as
medicine, on the theory that foods that taste bad must be good for you.
Around 800 AD, people in Central Asia managed to develop a new kind of carrot—a purple
carrot—that attracted more interest from international traders. (17) Then in the late 1500s, food
scientists in the Netherlands cultivated large, straight, sweet, orange carrots like the ones we eat
today. But people still mostly fed carrots to horses, donkeys and pigs, and didn't eat themselves. In
the 1600s, people in China used carrots as medicine, but they also ate carrots boiled in soup. The
red color was popular for Chinese New Year celebrations.
(18) But carrots got their biggest boost during the two World Wars, when food shortages
forced people to eat them, and government told everyone how healthy carrots were. Today, cooler
countries grow most of the world’s carrots. Machines do most of the planting and picking, and
carrots are easy to store and ship, so they are cheap almost everywhere.
16. What do we learn from the talk about wild carrots?
5（关于野生胡萝卜的讨论，我们从中获悉了什么?）
解析：A）观点题。根据录音可知，野生胡萝卜的根是白色的，且又小又细。B选项利用“evolved
with the other flowering plants和其它可以开花植物一起进化”做干扰；C选项利用“Like apples,
carrots are native to Central Asia.和苹果一样，胡萝卜也是中亚的本土植物。”做干扰；D选
项“来自中非”不符合原文所说的“来自中亚”，故正确答案为A。
17. What does the speaker say about carrots in the late 1500s?
（对16世纪末期的胡萝卜，讲话人提到了什么？）
解析：D）细节题。录音提到，随后，在 16 世纪后期，荷兰的食物科学家培育出了又大又
直又甜的红色胡萝卜，与我们今天吃的胡萝卜类似，但是当时的人基本上都用胡萝卜喂马、
驴和猪，而不是他们自己吃。A、B、C均和原文不符，故正确答案为D。
18. Why did people turn to carrots for food during the two World Wars?
（在两次世界大战期间，人们为什么转而将胡萝卜当作食物？）
解析：B）细节题。录音提到，但在两次世界大战期间，胡萝卜得到了最大的推广，因为食
物短缺迫使人们食用它们，而且政府告诉每个人，胡萝卜是多么健康。A选项和原文所说的
政府宣传不符；C 选项利用前文的 17世纪中国人把胡萝卜入药做干扰；D 选项描述的是现
状，而非二战期间；B选项符合文意，故正确答案为B。
Passage Two
听力原文
(1) Katherine loved Facebook. With Facebook she could stay connected with her family no
matter how far away they were. She could see their photos and read their status updates. With
Facebook she could keep her relatives up to date on what she was doing. Another thing Katherine
loved about Facebook was that she didn't have to think about time zones when updating family.
Whenever she called her parents or other relatives, she always had to think about the time
difference so that she wouldn’t wake someone up or call when she knew they were in church.
Facebook was so convenient. (20) When Katherine joined Facebook, some of her classmates
at high school started to add her as a friend. At first, this didn’t bother her. She loved learning
about the success of people she knew when she was just a teenager. She loved finding out people
were getting married, having babies and traveling. (21) Soon however, Katherine found herself
comparing herself with the people she was reading about on Facebook. It began to make her feel
bad that some people seemed to be doing so much better than she was. She was also spending a lot
of time on Facebook. It took a lot of time on Facebook. It took a lot of time and energy to keep up
with everyone’s status updates. Katherine started to think. She looked at the list of over 500
friends she had on Facebook and realized some of them were not really friends at all.
19. What was one particular convenience Katherine loved about Facebook?
（凯瑟琳喜欢的Facebook有一个什么尤为突出的便利？）
解析：A）推理题。根据录音开头可知，凯瑟琳很喜欢Facebook，有了Facebook，不管她和
她的家人相距多远都可以随时保持联络。她可以看到她家人的照片以及状态更新。A选项符
合文意，凯瑟琳可以随时在 Facebook 上发布自己的情况， B、C、D 均和原文不符，故正
确答案为A。
620. How did Katherine feel when her classmates added her as a Facebook friend?
（当凯瑟琳的同学加她为Facebook好友时，她是什么感觉？）
解析：B）细节题。录音中提到，当朋友加她时，她乐于了解她在十几岁时认识的同学现在
的成功。她也喜欢了解谁结婚了，谁怀孕了，去哪里旅行了。A选项和D选项利用“success
of people she knew when she was just a teenager. 她在十几岁时认识的同学现在很成功。”做
干扰，和原文不符，C项属于无中生有，故正确答案为B。
21. What made Katherine feel bad about herself later on?
（为什么凯瑟琳后来感觉不开心？）
解析：D）细节题。录音说到，但是不久后，她发现自己在和她在 Facebook 上了解的人做
比较。当她看到Facebook上的朋友做的比她好很多，她开始觉得不开心。 D选项符合文意，
A、B、C均为对原文的过度推理，故正确答案为D。
Passage Three
听力原文
Do you know where a mule comes from? It is the child of a donkey and a horse. (22) Mules
have strong muscles like horses but they eat less, can work longer, and are gentler, like donkeys.
George Washington was the first person in the United States to own mules. He had heard that
mules made good farm animals. And he contacted the US ambassador in Spain to ask about them.
(23) In 1785, King Charles III of Spain sent Washington a male donkey as a gift. That male
donkey became the father of the mule industry in the US.
(24) Every April, Maury County holds a Mule Day celebration. Held in Columbia, Tennessee,
Mule Day had its beginning as “Breeders’ Day” in the 1840s. Farmers and farm animal breeders
would bring their animals to market every April to show, buy, and trade. This was an important
business before the days of tractors, when many families made a living from farming and mules
were used as work animals. (25) Eventually, tractors began to replace mules, making them less in
demand.
A parade was added to Mule Day in 1934 to attract more people. Over the years other
activities have been added, and today more than 200,000 people show up each year to watch and
participate. If you visit the Mule Day celebrations, you might see mule-driving contests, square
dances or shows, or even a lumberjack competition.
22. What does the speaker say about mules?
（关于骡子，讲话者说了什么？）
解析：A）细节题。根据录音开头可知，骡子有着像马一样健壮的肌肉，但是吃得更少，工
作更久，并且更温顺，像驴子一样。故正确答案为A。B项歪曲事实，原文说的是骡子比马
工作时间长，不是更长寿。C选项的“冬天”无中生有，原文说的是骡子比马吃得少。D选
项也是根据句意拼凑的，原文说的骡子是比马而不是驴子工作时间长。
23. What do we learn about the donkey which is said to be the father of the US mule industry?
（关于传说中的美国骡子之父，我们可以了解到什么信息？）
解析：C）细节题。根据录音可知，在 1785 年，西班牙国王查尔斯三世送了一头公驴给乔
治·华盛顿当礼物。那头公驴成为了美国骡子产业之父。故正确答案为C。 A、B、D和原
文不符。
724. What did farmers usually do on Mule Day in the 1840s?
（19世纪40年代的骡子节，农民通常做些什么?）
解析：C）细节题。根据录音可知，每年四月，马里郡都会举行骡子节庆祝活动。……农场
主和农场饲养员会带着他们的动物到市场来展示、购买和交易。故正确答案为C。
25. What made mules less in demand in America?
（是什么导致骡子在美国的需求量减少？）
解析：B）细节题。根据录音可知，最终，拖拉机取代了骡子，骡子的需求量下降。故正确
答案为B。
Part III Reading Comprehension
Section A
A) bargain B) consumption C) convincing D) deduction
E) doubtfully F) efficiency G) hopeless H) offered
I) paid J) persuading K) reduction L) struggle
M) supposedly N) trick O) useless
26. N) trick，名词辨析题。空格位于冠词a之后，因此，空格需填入可数名词单数，且以辅
音开头，做动词miss的宾语。给出的名词中efficiency不符合条件，reduction，consumption，
deduction 不能与 miss 搭配，故排除。此处要表达的是“零售商们忽略了一个窍门”，trick
表示窍门，因此正确答案是N。
27. O) useless，形容词辨析题。空格位于系动词are之后，因此，空格需填入形容词做表语。
给出的形容词useless意为“无用的，不行的”；hopeless意为“绝望的”。根据上下文，此
处要表达的是“一涉及分数计算，多数人的脑子都转不过来。”故正确答案为O。
28. L) struggle，动词辨析题。空格所在部分缺失谓语动词，同时根据副词often提示，该句
时态为一般现在时，主语为consumers，故空格需填入动词原形，后接不定式。候选动词只
有 struggle 和 bargain 的时态相符。本句要表达的意思是“例如，消费者往往很难意识到加
量50%与打六七折其实是等价的。”只有选项struggle表示“难于，费力”的意思，因此正
确答案为L。
29. H) offered，动词辨析题。空格所在部分是when引导的状语从句，根据was提示，该从
句为被动语态，故该空应为动词过去分词。候选动词 paid 意为“支付”，offered 意为“提
供”符合条件。此处要表达的是“在一项实验中，研究人员发现，与同等折扣的护手霜相比，
以奖金包形式提供护手霜的销量要多出 73%。”原句为被动语态，根据上下文语义正确答
案为H。
30. M) supposedly，副词辨析题。空格前是定冠词the，后面是形容词修饰名词，故应填入副
词来修饰形容词，给出的副词有supposedly意为“可能地、据推测”， doubtfully意为“怀
疑地”。本句意思是“那些据推测为聪明的学生却认为两者一样。”故正确答案为M。
831. A) bargain，名词辨析题。空格前为冠词a，因此空格需填入名词单数形式，且以辅音开
头。给出的名词中efficiency不符合条件，本句的意思是“人们更可能在降价20%后再降价
25%的产品中看到便宜货”，因此空格内所填词应为“便宜货”，故正确答案为A 。
32. D) deduction，名词辨析题。空格前为40%，所以空格应填入名词。给出的名词中 reduction
意为“下降”； deduction意为“扣除”。本句意思是“人们更可能在降价20%后再降价25%
的产品中看到便宜货”，故正确答案为D。
33. F) efficiency，名词辨析题。空格前是car’s，名词所有格后面通常加名词，因此需填入名
词，efficiency 意为“功效，性能”。本句意思“例如，为一款新车的性能做广告”，故正
确答案为F。
34. C) convincing，形容词辨析题。空格前是are，后为不定式，因此需填入形容词作表语。
给出的形容词中convincing意为“令人信服的”。本句意思“谈论每加仑汽油能多跑多少英
里，比谈论每加仑汽油能减少多少燃料消耗更有说服力”，故正确答案为C。
35. B) consumption，名词辨析题。空格前是fall in fuel，故空格后为名词与fuel搭配作fall in
的宾语。fuel consumption为固定表达方式，意为“耗油量”。故正确答案为B。
Section B
36. G) 同义替换题。根据题目中的BMI定位到G段最后两句 “BMI rises in line with GDP up
to $5,000 per person per year, then the correlation ends. Greater wealth means that bicycles are
abandoned for motorbikes and cars, and work in the fields is exchanged for sitting at a desk. In
rich countries the share of the population that gets insufficient exercise is more than twice as high
as in poor ones.” 本题目是对该定位句的同义转述，其中GDP up to和economic growth，the
rises of BMI和BMI rises属于同义替换，insufficient exercises为原词复现。
37. L) 原文匹配题。根据题目中的some governments，their citizens to eat less and exercise more
定位到L段最后一句“Instead, some governments are cautiously spurring their citizens to eat less
and exercise more, and food companies are offering at least some healthier foods.”原句中的
cautiously被替换成了discreetly，spur和encourage也属于同义替换。
38. B) 句式转换题。根据题目中的 persuade children to eat vegetables 定位到 B 段第一句
“Persuading children to eat vegetables is hardly a new struggle, nor would it seem to rank high
on the list of global priorities.” 原句中的hardly a new struggle被替换成了universally common
challenge，句式由主语从句转换成了形式主语。
39. E) 同义替换题。根据题目中的China，city-dwellers，overweight or obese定位到E段倒
数第二句“Even in China, one adult in four is overweight or obese, with higher rates among
city-dwellers.”原句中的one adult in four被替换成了one fourth，with higher rates和more than
也属于同义替换。
40. J) 同义替换题。根据题目中的productive，illnesses定位到J段第四句“It lowers workers’
productivity and in the longer term raises the risk of myriad illnesses, including heart disease,
9strokes and some cancers.”原句中的lowers workers’ productivity被替换成了less productive，
certain illnesses概括了原文中的heart disease, strokes and some cancers。
41. C) 同义替换题。根据题目中的Americans，stereotype定位到C段最后一句“Americans may
be shocked by these numbers, but for the rest of the world they fit a stereotype. Hamburgers, sodas
and ice-creams are considered as American as the Stars and Stripes.”原句中的fit a stereotype被
替换成了hold a stereotype，the rest of the world被替换成了people in other parts of world。
42. H) 同义替换题。根据题目中的Softer foods，finely milled grains，increase of obesity rates
定位到H段最后两句“heavily processed food may have helped increase obesity rates. Softer
foods take less energy to break down and finely milled grains can be digested more completely, so
the body absorbs more calories.”原句中的helped被替换成了contributed to。
43. I) 同义替换题。根据题目中的Middle East，exercise定位到I段最后一句“In the Middle
East, Bedouin traditions of hosting and feasting have combined with wealth to make overeating a
nightly habit. Any inclination to exercise is discouraged by heat and cultural restrictions.”原句中
的cultural restrictions被替换成了cultural confinement，discouraged被替换成了less inclined。
44. F) 同义替换题。根据题目中的not so long ago定位到F段第一句“Not long ago the world’s
main worry was that people had too little to eat.”原句中的too little to eat被替换成了world
hunger，main worry被替换成了be concerned about。
45. K) 句式转换题。根据题目中的BMI，the third-largest，illness定位到K段第二句“For
women a high BMI is now the third-largest driver of illness.”原句中的driver被替换成了cause，
women被替换成了females。
Section C
Passage One
46. C）细节题。根据题干关键词benefit from Facebook可以定位到第二段。第二段段首讲到
“Facebook让我们与我们的社交圈子保持密切联系，浏览朋友的页面会让我们感到被关注、
获得支持、有存在感。”这些都可以归纳为人们从Facebook中的所得，由此可以判断C项
内容与原文一致，仅表达形式不同，故为正确答案；A、B、D均未在文中提及，故排除。
47. D）推理题。题干要求选出不是Facebook带来挫败感的原因。可根据原文的原因分析选
用排除法。第二段开始揭示人们看到别人成功时的沮丧感，故排除选项A；第四段指出“最
普遍最典型的 Facebook 挫败感来自于用户自己会与他们的同伴进行比较，用户失落感的第
二大原因是因为跟朋友比起来，自己没得到什么评论、分享、和回应而感到‘不被关注’。”
排除选项B和C；D在文中未被提及；故正确答案为D。
48. C）推理题。根据题干men and women可以定位在第五段，文章指出“男性和女性都喜
欢把自己最好的一面呈献给Facebook上的朋友们。但比起女性，男性更愿意在‘个人主页’
和‘签名’上发关于自我提升的状态，而女性更乐于展示她们的美貌和交际圈子。”对于选
项要一一排除。A和B与原文意思相反，故排除；D选项文中未提及，故排除；C选项可根
据原文“男性和女性都喜欢把自己最好的一面呈献给 Facebook 上的朋友们。”推理得出，
10故正确答案为选项C。
49. A）词汇题。根据上文，人们喜欢晒照片可能会引起某些人的嫉妒。但下文说，其实对
于某些小心眼的人，即使看到别人收到的生日祝福也会嫉妒。因此并不全是人们“爱显”造
成的，所以词义为“炫耀”的意思。
50. C）推理题。关于未来的Facebook发展情况，在最后一段可找到答案。文中说如果人们
的消极情绪继续增大，Facebook 将可能会由休闲娱乐变成痛苦和压力。C 项的表达与原文
意思一致，故为正确答案。
Passage Two
51. B）细节题。根据题干关键词Fanelli’s article in Nature锁定文章第一段第一句：丹尼尔·法
内利在最近一期《自然》杂志上写到，科研领域有些地方已经腐化堕落——“充斥着虚假、
偏颇和伪造的研究发现，只有情形最恶劣的才见诸报端。”因此正确答案选B。
52. D）词汇理解题。题干已经给出定位句“an epidemic of false, biased, and falsified findings”
where “only the most egregious cases of misconduct are discovered and punished.”“充斥着虚
假、偏颇和伪造的研究发现，只有情形最恶劣的才见诸报端。”egregious后面的cases同义
替换前半句的findings，egregious用来概括前半句中的false, biased, and falsified等负面词汇。
A意为“明显的；显著的”；B意为“富有成效的”；C意为“可行的”；D意为“扎眼的；
惹人注意的”，可优先排除B和C，obvious是中性词汇，而conspicuous大多时候都是贬义
词，表示突兀的过分，D 项更接近原文词义。egregious 意为“极糟的；极坏的”故正确答
案选D。
53. A）细节题。根据题干中Diederik Stapel锁定文章第二段“戴德里克·斯塔佩尔大案就是
个例子。这个荷兰的社会心理学家被发现20年间编造了至少55篇研究论文。”文章以戴德
里克·斯塔佩尔大案为例，通过具体数据证明研究论文造假现象的猖獗，故答案选A。
54. C）推理题。根据题干中Isabelle Boutron锁定文章第五段“正如……伊莎贝尔·布特龙
所言，研究证明同行评审受到实验结果的影响；一项研究显示，在同类论文中，研究出积极
效果的要比没有任何效果的受欢迎”，因此推断前者能吸引更多人员和资金，而 A、B、D
在文中都没有依据，属于主观臆测，故答案为C。
55. D）细节题。题干已经标明了定位句。文章最后法内利坦言虽然我们需要文化大改革，
但是总体而言进步很大，说明他对前景还是很乐观的，故正确答案为D。
Part Ⅳ Translation
【翻译思路】
整篇文章6句话，主题明确：端午节。先说端午节是传统节日。其次讲端午节的历史。
第三讲端午节的时间和起源。第四说端午节的传统活动。最后提及端午节是法定假日，是世
界文化遗产。端午节是话题，是整篇文章讨论的焦点，所以翻译的时候，每个句子的主语都
尽可能用端午节作主语，或者用代词替换。
11【难点解析】
1. 端午节是中国重要的传统节日之一。
·英译逻辑：
本句结构简单，直译即可。英语的基本主干句型框架是：端午节 是 节日之一。修饰语
的框架是：（中国重要的传统）节日之一。其中“……之一”可以用one of ...的结构，也可
以直接译为a...，为避免用词和“端午节”重复，“节日”可译为celebration。
·参考译文：
Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional and important celebration in China.
·考点提示：
重要的传统节日 traditional and important celebration
2. 据说端午节始于春秋战国时期，至今已有2000多年的历史。
·英译逻辑：
英语的主干句型框架，几种写法都可以：
一、突出据说，用It is said that...。
二、突出端午节起源时间，后面把“有……年的历史”写为并列句，It originated..., and
has a history of...。
三、突出历史优秀，起源时间并列写在后面，用It has a history of..., and is said to have
originated...
·参考译文：
It has a history of more than 2,000 years, and is said to have originated during the Warring
States Period.
·考点提示：
春秋战国时期 during the Spring and Autumn Period；during the Warring States Period
有……年历史 has/boast a history of...
3. 端午节的时间是农历的五月初五，主要是为了纪念屈原，他是一位爱国诗人，后来投汨
罗河而死。
·英译逻辑：
这句话比较长，前两个分句描述端午节的时间和目的，后两个分句描述屈原的身份和经
历。可以将第一个分句处理为主句，注意“……的时间是”可以改写为“在……庆祝”，动
词可以用fall，occur，还可以用be celebrated，be held等；第二个分句用不定式译为目的状
语，第三个分句处理为同位语，第四个分句处理为定语从句，“后来”在语境中指的也是过
去发生的事情，可以直接在一般过去时中体现。“投汨罗河而死”的“投”可以译为drown
sb in...。
·参考译文：
The festival is held on the fifth day of fifth month of the lunar calender to commemorate Qu
Yuan, a patriotic poet who drowned himself in Miluo River.
·考点提示：
农历的五月初五 the fifth day of fifth month of the lunar calender
纪念 commemorate
爱国诗人 patriotic poet
4. 端午节这天，流传最广的活动就是赛龙舟，吃粽子。
12·英译逻辑：
本句英语的主干句型框架：活动是赛龙舟，吃粽子。“端午节这天”是时间状语，“流
传最广的”是定语。“赛龙舟，吃粽子”可以用动名词处理为表语。注意本句系动词用复数。
·参考译文：
The most popular activities of the Dragon Boat Festival are racing dragon boats and eating
Zongzi.
·考点提示：
流传最广 widespread；most popular
赛龙舟 racing dragon boats
吃粽子 eating Zongzi
5. 2008年，我国把端午节确定为公共节假日。
·英译逻辑：
本句比较简短，下一句句子结构和本句相同，语义也并列，可以合译。
6. 2009年10月30日，端午节列入世界非物质文化遗产。
·英译逻辑：
本句可以和第五句合译，直接把两个简单句用and连接即可。“确定为”表示的是“首
次被当做……庆祝”。“列入”在此处其实是被动含义，应该译为“被列入”。注意“2009
年10月30日”的表述顺序是月、日、年。
·参考译文：
In 2008 it was first celebrated as a public holiday in China, and on October 30th 2009 it was
added to the World Intangible Cultural Heritage List.
·考点提示：
公共节假日 public holiday
列入 be added to
世界非物质文化遗产 the World Intangible Cultural Heritage
【参考译文】
Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional and important celebration in China. It has a history of
more than 2,000 years, and is believed to have originated during the Warring States Period. The
festival is held on the fifth day of fifth month of the lunar calender to commemorate Qu Yuan, a
patriotic poet who drowned himself in Miluo River. The most popular activities of the Dragon
Boat Festival are racing dragon boats and eating Zongzi. In 2008 it was first celebrated as a public
holiday in China, and on October 30th 2009 it was added to the World Intangible Cultural
Heritage List.
13
