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淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
机密*启用前
大 学 英 语 六 级 考 试
COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST
—Band Six—
(2019 年 12 月第 3 套)
试 题 册
敬 告 考 生
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4. 考试期间在非听力考试时间佩戴耳机。
全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会
1淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having
a sense of community responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
特别说明：由于 2019 年 12 月六级考试全国共考了 2 套听力，第三套真题听力试题与第 1 套或第 2
套内容一致，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
The persistent haze over many of our cities is a reminder of the polluted air that we breathe. Over 80% of the
worlds urban population is breathing air that fails to meet World Health Organisation sidelines, and an estimated
4.5 million people died __26__ from outdoor air pollution in 2015.
Globally, urban populations are expected to double in the next 40 years, and an extra 2 billion people will
need new places to live, as well as services and ways to move around their cities. What is more important, the
decisions that we make now about the design of our cities will __27__ the everyday lives and health of the coming
generations. So what would a smog-free, or at least low-pollution, city be like?
Traffic has become __28__ with air pollution, and many countries intend to ban the sale of petrol and diesel
cars in the next two decades. But simply __29__ to electric cars will not mean pollution-free cities. The level of
emissions they cause will depend on how the electricity to run them is __30__, while brakes, tyres and roads all
create tiny airborne __31__ as they wear out.
Across the developed world, car use is in decline as more people move to city centres, while young people
especially are __32__ for other means of travel. Researchers are already asking if motor vehicle use has reached
its __33__ and will decline, but transport planners have yet to catch up with this __34__, instead of laying new
roads to tackle traffic jams. As users of London's orbital M25 motorway will know, new roads rapidly fill with
more traffic. In the US, studies have shown that doubling the size a road can __35__ double the traffic, taking us
back to the starting point.
A)alternate K)prematurely
B)crown L) simply
C)determine M)switching
D)generated N)synonymous
E)locating O)trend
F) merged
G)miniatures
H)opting
I)particles
J)peak
2淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
Section B
Directions: In this section , you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains
information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose
a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding
letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Why More Farmers Are Making The Switch to Grass-Fed Meat and Dairy
[A] Though he didn't come from a farming family, from a young age Tim Joseph was fascinated by the idea of living off the
land. Reading magazines like The Stockman Grass Farmer and Graze, he got hooked on the idea of grass-fed agriculture.
The idea that all energy and wealth comes from the sun really intrigued him. He thought the shorter the distance between the
sun and the end product, the higher the profit to the farmer.
[B] Joseph wanted to put this theory to the test. In 2009, he and his wife Laura launched Maple Hill Creamery, an organic,
all grass-fed yogurt company in northern New York. He quickly learned what the market has demonstrated: Demand for
grass-fed products currently exceeds supply. Grass-fed beef is enjoying a 25-30% annual growth rate. Sales of grass-fed
yogurt and kefir, on the other hand, have in the last year increased by over 38% . This is in comparison with a drop of just
under 1 % in the total yogurt and kefir market, according to natural and organic market research company SPINS. Joseph's
top priority became getting his hands on enough grass-fed milk to keep customers satisfied, since his own 64-cow herd
wasn't going to suffice.
[C] His first partnership was with Paul and Phyllis Amburgh, owners of the Dharma Lea farm in New York. The
Amburghs, too, were true believers in grass-fed. In addition to supplying milk from their own 85-head herd, they began to
help other farmers in the area convert from conventional to certified organic and grass-fed in order to enter the Maple Hill
supply chain.
Since 20 10, the couple has helped 125 small dairy farms convert to grass-fed, with more than 80% of those farms corning
on board during the last two years.
[D] All this conversion has helped Maple Hill grow 40-50% every year since it began, with no end in sight. Joseph has
learned that a farmer has to have a certain mindset to successfully convert. But convincing open-minded dairy people is
actually not that hard, when you look at the economics. Grass-fed milk can fetch up 2.5 times the price of conventional milk.
Another factor is the squeeze that conventional dairy farmers have felt as the price of grain they feed their cows has gone up,
tightening their profit margins. By replacing expensive grain feed with regenerative management practices, grass-fed
farmers are insulated from jumps in the price of feed. These practices include grazing animals on grasses grown from the
pastureland's natural seed bank, and fertilized by the cows' own fertilizer.
[E] Champions of this type of regenerative grazing also point to its animal welfare, climate and health benefits: Grass-fed
animals live longer out of confinement. Grazing herds stimulate microbial activity in the soil, helping to capture water and
separate carbon. And grass-fed dairy and meat have been shown to be higher in certain nutrients and healthy fats.
3淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
[F] In the grass fed system, farmers are also not subject to the wildly fluctuating milk prices of the international commodity
market. The unpredictability of global demand and the lag-time it takes to add more cows to a herd to meet demand can
result in events like the recent cheese surplus. Going grass-fed is a safe refuge, a way for family-scale farms to stay viable.
Usually a farmer will get to the point where financially, what they're doing is not working. That's when they call Maple Hill.
If the farm is well managed and has enough land, and the desire to convert is sincere, a relationship can begin. Through
regular regional educational meetings, a large annual meeting, individual farm visits and thousands of phone calls, the
Amburghs pass on the principles of pasture management. Maple Hill signs a contract pledging to buy the farmer's milk
at a guaranteed base price, plus quality premiums and incentives for higher protein, butter-fat and other solids.
[G] While Maple Hill's conversion program is unusually hands-on and comprehensive, it's just one of a growing number of
businesses committed to slowly changing the way America farms. Joseph calls sharing his knowledge network through
peer-to-peer learning a core piece of the company's culture. Last summer, Massachusetts grass-fed beef advocate John
Smith launched Big Picture Beef, a network of small grass-fed beef farms in New England and New York that is projected
to bring to market 2,500 head of cattle from 125 producers this year. Early indications are that Smith will have no shortage
of farm members. Since he began to informally announce the network at farming conferences and on social media, he's
received a steady stream of inquiries from interested farmers.
[H] Shinn says he'll provide services ranging from formal seminars to on-farm workshops on holistic management, to
one-on-one hand-holding and an almost 24/7 phone hotline for farmers who are converting. In exchange, he guarantees an
above-market price for each animal and a calf-to-customer electronic ear tag ID system like that used in the European
Union.
[I] Though advocates portray grass fed products as a win-win situation for all, they do have downsides. Price, for one, is an
issue. Joseph says his products are priced 10-20% above organic versions, but depending on the product chosen, compared
to non-organic conventional yogurt, consumers could pay a premium of 30-50% or more for grass-fed. As for the meat,
Smith says his grass-fed hamburger will be priced 20-25% over the conventional alternative. But a look at the prices on
online grocer Fresh Direct suggests a grass-fed premium of anywhere from 35-60% .
[J] And not every farmer has the option of going grass-fed. For both beef and dairy production it requires, at least in the
beginning, more pastureland. Grass-fed beef production tends to be more labor-intensive as well. But Smith counters that if
you factor in the hidden cost of government corn subsidies, environment degradation, and decreased human heath and
animal welfare, grass?fed is the more cost-effective model. " The sun provides the lowest cost of production and the
cheapest meat," he says.
[K] Another grass-fed booster spurring farmers to convert is EPIC, which makes meat-based protein bars. Founders Taylor
Collins and his wife, Katie Forrest, used to be endurance athletes; now they're advocates of grass-fed meat. Soon after
launching EPIC's most successful product-the Bison Bacon Cranberry Bar-Collins and Forrest found they'd exhausted their
sources for bison raised exclusively on pasture. When they started researching the supply chain, they learned that only 2-
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3% of all bison is actually grass-fed. The rest is feed-lot confined and fed grain and corn.
[L] But after General Mills bought EPIC in 20 16, Collins and Forrest suddenly had the resources they needed to expand
their supply chain. So the company teamed up with Wisconsin-based rancher Northstar Bison. EPIC fronted the money for
the purchase of $ 2.5 million worth of young bison that will be raised according to its grass-fed protocols, with a guaranteed
purchase price. The message to young people who might not otherwise be able to afford to break into the business is," ' You
can purchase this $ 3 million piece of land here, because I'm guaranteeing you today you'll have 1 ,000 bison on it.' We're
bringing new blood into the old, conventional farming ecosystem, which is really cool to see," Collins explains.
36. Farmers going grass-fed are not affected by the ever-changing milk prices of the global market.
37. Over the years, Tim Joseph's partners have helped many dairy farmers to switch to grass-fed.
38. One advocate believes that many other benefits should be taken into consideration when we assess the cost-
effectiveness of grass-fed farming.
39. Many dairy farmers were persuaded to switch to grass-fed when they saw its advantage in terms of profits.
40. Tim Joseph's grass-fed program is only one example of how American farming practice is changing.
41 . Tim Joseph was fascinated by the notion that sunlight brings energy and wealth to mankind.
42. One problem with grass-fed products is that they are usually more expensive than conventional ones.
43. Grass fed products have proved to be healthier and more nutritious.
44. When Tim Joseph started his business, he found grass-fed products fell short of demand.
45. A snack bar producer discovered that the supply of purely grass-fed bison meat was scarce.
Section C
Directions : There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.
For each of them there are four choices marked A ) , B ) , C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark the
corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Schools are not just a microcosm of society; they mediate it too. The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on
5淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside-at once sheltering them and broadening
their horizons. This is ambitious in any circumstances, and in a divided and unequal society the two ideals can clash
outright.
Trips that many adults would consider the adventure of a lifetime-treks in Borneo, a sports tour to Barbados-appear to
have become almost routine at some state schools. Parents are being asked for thousands of pounds. Though schools cannot
profit from these trips, the companies that arrange them do. Meanwhile, pupils arrive at school hungry because their families
can't afford breakfast. The Child Poverty Action Group says nine out of 30 in every classroom fall below the poverty line.
The discrepancy is startlingly apparent. Introducing a fundraising requirement for students does not help, as better-off
children can tap up richer aunts and neighbours.
Probing the rock pools of a local beach or practising French on a language exchange can fire children's passions, boost
their skills and open their eyes to life's possibilities. Educational outings help bright but disadvantaged students to get better
scores in A-level tests. In this globalised age, there is a good case for international travel, and some parents say they can
manage the cost of a school trip abroad more easily than a family holiday. Even in the face of immense and mounting
financial pressures, some schools have shown remarkable determination and ingenuity in ensuring that all their pupils are
able to take up opportunities that may be truly life-changing. They should be applauded. Methods such as whole-school
fundraising, with the proceeds pooled, can help to extend opportunities and fuel community spirit.
But £ 3,000 trips cannot be justified when the average income for families with children is just over £ 30,000 . Such
initiatives close doors for many pupils. Some parents pull their children out of school because of expensive field trips. Even
parents who can see that a trip is little more than a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child is left behind.
The Department for Education's guidance says schools can charge only for board and lodging if the trip is part of the
syllabus, and that students receiving government aid are exempt from these costs. However, many schools seem to ignore
the advice; and it does not cover the kind of glamorous, exotic trips, which are becoming increasingly common. Schools
cannot be expected to bring together communities single-handed. But the least we should expect is that they do not foster
divisions and exclude those who are already disadvantaged.
46. What does the author say best schools should do?
A) Prepare students to both challenge and change the divided unequal society.
B) Protect students from social pressures and enable them to face the world.
C) Motivate students to develop their physical as well as intellectual abilities.
D) Encourage students to be ambitious and help them to achieve their goals.
47. What does the author think about school field trips?
A) They enable students from different backgrounds to mix with each other.
B) They widen the gap between privileged and disadvantaged students.
C) They give the disadvantaged students a chance to see the world.
D) They only benefit students with rich relatives and neighbours.
48. What does the author suggest can help build community spirit?
A) Events aiming to improve community services.
6淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
B) Activities that help to fuel students' ingenuity.
C) Events that require mutual understanding.
D) Activities involving all students on campus.
49. What do we learn about low-income parents regarding school field trips?
A) They want their children to participate even though they don't see much benefit.
B) They don't want their kids to participate but find it hard to keep them from going.
C) They don't want their kids to miss any chance to broaden their horizons despite the cost.
D) They want their children to experience adventures but they don't want them to run risks.
50. What is the author's expectation of schools?
A) Bringing a community together with ingenuity.
B) Resolving the existing discrepancies in society.
C) Avoiding creating new gaps among students.
D) Giving poor students preferential treatment.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Rising temperatures and overfishing in the pristine (未受污染的) waters around the Antarctic could see king penguin
populations pushed to the brink of extinction by the end of the century, according to a new study. The study's report states
that as global warming transforms the environment in the world's last great wilderness, 70 percent of king penguins could
either disappear or be forced to find new breeding grounds.
Co-author Celine Le Bohec, from the University of Strasbourg in France, warned: " If there're no actions aimed at
halting or controlling global warming, and the pace of the current human-induced changes such as climate change and
overfishing stays the same, the species may soon disappear." The findings come amid growing concern over the future of
the Antarctic. Earlier this month a separate study found that a combination of climate change and industrial fishing is
threatening the krill (磷虾) population in Antarctic waters, with a potentially disastrous impact on whales, seals and
penguins. But today's report is the starkest warning yet of the potentially devastating impact of climate change and human
exploitation on the Antarctic's delicate ecosystems.
Le Bohec said: " Unless current greenhouse gas emissions drop, 70 percent of king penguins-1.1 million breeding
pairs-will be forced to relocate their breeding grounds, or face extinction by 2100." King penguins are the second-largest
type of penguin and only breed on specific isolated islands in the Southern Ocean where there is no ice cover and easy
access to the sea. As the ocean warms, a body of water called the Antarctic Polar Front-an upward movement of nutrient-
rich sea that supports a huge abundance of marine life-is being pushed further south. This means that king penguins, which
feed on fish and krill in this body of water, have to travel further to their feeding grounds, leaving their hungry chicks for
longer. And as the distance between their breeding grounds and their food grows, entire colonies could be wiped out.
Le Bohec said: " The plight of the king penguin should serve as a warning about the future of the entire marine
environment in the Antarctic. Penguins, like other seabirds and marine mammals, occupy higher levels in the food chain and
7淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
they are what we call bio-indicators of their ecosystems." Penguins are sensitive indicators of changes in marine ecosystems.
As such, they are key species for understanding and predicting impacts of global change on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic
marine ecosystems. The report found that although some king penguins may be able to relocate to new breeding grounds
closer to their retreating food source, suitable new habitats would be scarce. Only a handful of islands in the Southern Ocean
are suitable for sustaining large breeding colonies.
51. What will happen by 2100, according to a new study?
A) King penguins in the Antarctic will be on the verge of dying out.
B) Sea water will rise to a much higher level around the Antarctic.
C) The melting ice cover will destroy the great Antarctic wilderness.
D) The pristine waters around the Antarctic will disappear forever.
52. What do we learn from the findings of a separate study?
A) Shrinking krill population and rising temperatures could force Antarctic whales to migrate.
B) Human activities have accelerated climate change in the Antarctic region in recent years.
C) Industrial fishing and climate change could be fatal to certain Antarctic species.
D) Krill fishing in the Antarctic has worsened the pollution of the pristine waters.
53. What does the passage say about king penguins?
A) They will tum out to be the second-largest species of birds to become extinct.
B) Many of them will have to migrate to isolated islands in the Southern Ocean.
C) They feed primarily on only a few kinds of krill in the Antarctic Polar Front.
D) The majority of them may have to find new breeding grounds in the future.
54. What happens when sea levels rise in the Antarctic?
A) Many baby king penguins can't have food in time.
B) Many king penguins could no longer live on krill.
C) Whales will invade king penguins' breeding grounds.
D) Whales will have to travel long distances to find food.
55. What do we learn about the Southern Ocean?
A) The king penguins there are reluctant to leave for new breeding grounds.
B) Its conservation is key to the sustainable propagation of Antarctic species.
C) It is most likely to become the ultimate retreat for species like the king penguin.
D) Only a few of its islands can serve as huge breeding grounds for king penguins.
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
8淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
Directions : For this part , you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write
your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
梅花位居中国十大名花之首，源于中国南方，已有三千多年的栽培历史和种植历史。隆冬时节，五颜六
色的
梅花不畏严寒，迎着风雪傲然绽放。在中国传统文化中，梅花象征着坚强、纯洁、高雅，激励人们不畏艰难、
砥砺前行。自古以来，许多诗人和画家从梅花中获取灵感，创作了无数不朽的作品。普通大众也都喜爱梅花，
春节期间常用于家庭装饰。南京市已将梅花定为市花，每年举办梅花节，成千上万的人冒着严寒到梅花山踏
雪赏梅。
9淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
参 考 答 案
Part Ⅰ Writing
Any community is composed of individuals. Naturally, it matters a great deal to our communities that
we have a sense of responsibility towards them.
People living in the same area should be considered a group under an obligation to create a comfortable
living environment for the whole community. Reaching this goal requires a sense of responsibility among all
residents, which encourages them to start with small steps, such as to avoid making excessive noise that
disturbs their neighbors. Moreover, a sense of collective responsibility among us students contributes to warm
and friendly atmosphere, where we respect and help each other, as well as a strong communal sense of
belonging. It will ultimately be conductive to our academic and moral progress. After we graduate from
college and get employed, we will find ourselves in a new community made up of colleagues. A sense of
community responsibility, also known as team spirit in the workplace, will be the key to forming a united
and cohesive group, where we strive towards a common objective in close cooperation with each other.
In conclusion, a sense of community responsibility is worth fostering in that it plays a significant role in
living, l college, learning and working.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
（略）
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section A
26. K 27. C 28.N 29.M 30. D
31. I 32.H 33.J 34. O 35. L
Section B
36. F 37. C 38.J 39. D 40. G 41. A 42.I 43.E 44. B
45. K
Section C
46. B 47. B 48. D 49. A 50. C 51. A 52. C 53. D 54. A
55. D
Part Ⅳ Translation
The plum blossom, the king of Chinas top ten famous flowers, originated in southern China and has been
cultivated for over 3000 years. In the depths of winter, colorful plum blossoms bloom vibrantly amidst the wind
and snow, unhindered by severe frost. The plum blossom, a symbol of strength, purity and elegance in traditional
10淘宝店铺：光速考研工作室
Chinese culture, motivates people to brave hardship and forge ahead. Since ancient times, many poets and painters
have been drawing inspirations from plum blossoms and created countless immortal works. Plum blossoms are
also very popular with the general public and often used as home decoration during the Spring Festival. Nanjing
has designated the plum blossom as the city flower and holds the Plum Blossom Festival each year, which attracts
thousands of people to Plum Blossom Hill to enjoy the full bloom in the snow irrespective of the severe cold.
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