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Key to Model Test Three
Part I Writing
高分范文 精彩点评
ASelf-guidedTourIsPreferredforMe ①开门见山点明写作背景，旅游成为人们主
①With the ceaseless increase ofincome andleisure time, travelling 要的放松方式。
has become the mainstream for peopleto relax themselves. ②However, ②引出主题——关于旅行方式的选择存在
disagreements are when it comes to the choice of travelling modes. Some 争议，有人喜欢跟团游，有人喜欢自助游。
people,especiallytheyoungtendtogoonaself-guidedtour,whileothers, ③表明自己的观点：喜欢自助游。
especially the old, prefer a package tour. ③From my own perspective, I ④⑤⑥用 In the first place, In the second
aminfavorofaself-guidedtour. place, Last but not least 三个表示序列的短
④In the first place, compared with the package tour which requires 语，具体分析了选择自助游的三点原因。
the tourists to follow exactly the travel agency’s schedule, the self-guided ⑦用Tosumup总结上文，再次概括自己喜
tour allows us to make our own itinerary. ⑤In the second place, while 欢自助游的原因——方便，自由。
we can only stay a very short time in each attraction following the 加分亮点
relatively tight package tour, it’s wiser to enjoy every landscape carefully mainstream（思想或行为的）主流；主要倾
by joining a self-guided tour. ⑥Last but not least, forcing consumers to 向，主要趋势
purchase some commodities is commonplace in a package tour; by relax放松
contrast, if we are in a self-guided tour, certainly we don’t have to worry itinerary旅程，路线；旅行日程
aboutthatproblem. commonplace司空见惯的；常见的
⑦To sum up, given the factors that I have just outlined above, I outline概述；略述
prefertotravelonmyown,whichismoreconvenientandunconstrained. unconstrained不受拘束的，不受强制的
Part II Listening Comprehension
SectionA
NewsReportOne
Houston has received over 120 centimeters of rain in just a few days. Many Houston neighborhoods are flooded.
(1)Many people decided to wait out Hurricane Harvey when it first hit southeast Texas on Friday. But after so much rain,
they found the water had entered their homes and they needed to leave. That is what happened on Monday to J.C. Spencer
and his wife Karen, who live in north Houston. With local police and fire department crews overwhelmed with life-saving
efforts, some Houston residents had trouble getting help. The Los Angeles Times newspaper reported that some Houston
residents calling 911 found out their call would not be answered for over two hours. So many residents turned to social
media websites and posted messages asking for help.(20)The Spencers had another idea. They called a restaurant where
theyhad dinner.Whenthe Spencers explained their problem, the store’s manager senther husbandto their houseon a boat.
TheSpencersgotontheboatandweretakentoasafeplace.
Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
1.WhatdidpeoplewanttodowhenHurricaneHarveyfirsthitsoutheastTexas?A)
2.WhomdidtheSpencersturntoforhelp?D)
NewsReportTwo
On one recent morning in the American state of Utah, 2-year-old twin boys Bowdy and Brock were playing in their
bedroom. The boys were climbing on a piece of furniture called a dresser.(4)They were trying to get into some empty
drawers and climb to the top of the dresser. But as they both tried to climb up, the large dresser fell down on top of them.
The accident was recorded on a camera the boys’parents put in the bedroom. Some parents use these kinds of cameras to
watch their children playing in another room. One of the young boys, Bowdy, managed to escape from under the dresser.Buthis brother,Brock, remainedstuckunderit.ThevideoshowsBowdywalkingaroundthedressertryingto findawayto
free his brother.Almost two minutes pass. ButBowdy cannot move the dresser.Eventually,though, Bowdy found a way to
pushthedressertowardthewall. Hisbrotherwasthenabletorolloutfromunderneaththebigpieceoffurniture.Bothboys
areokay.Theywerenothurt.
Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
3.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout?D)
4.Whatwerethetwinboysdoingwhentheaccidenthappened?C)
NewsReportThree
(5)The coast of Canada’s Newfoundland is commonly called “Iceberg Alley.” Between May and July, hundreds of
icebergsfloatthroughthesewaters.Butoneicebergarrivedabitearlierthanusualthisyear.Itfloatedextremelyclosetothe
coast.Theicebergishuge.ExpertssayitisclosetothesamesizeastheicebergthattheTitanicstruckin1912.
Photographs and stories about the Ferryland iceberg quickly spread on the Internet and social media. The towering
piece of ice made news around the world. Newspapers wrote stories about how to travel to (6)Ferryland, a fishing village
with a population of 500 people. Visitors began arriving in Ferryland more than a month before the area’s tourist season
begins. Roads filled with cars, as tourists tried to take the perfectpicture of the iceberg. Maxine Dunne owns a small inn in
Ferryland.ShetoldNationalPublicRadiothatshecanseethehugeicebergclearlyfromherwindow.
The iceberg has sat near the coast of Ferryland for almost 10 days. (7)But the Canadian Press reported Monday that
oceancurrentsmayfinallybeslowlypushingtheworld-famouspieceoficeouttosea.
Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.
5.WhyisthecoastofNewfoundlandcalled“IcebergAlley”?A)
6.WhatcanwelearnaboutFerryland?C)
7.WhatwillhappentotheicebergnearthecoastofFerryland?B)
SectionB
ConversationOne
W:Goodafternoon.WelcometotheGrandWoodwardHotel.HowmayIhelpyou?
M:Ihaveareservationfortoday.It’sunderthenameofHannighan.
W:Canyoupleasespellthatforme,sir?
M:Sure.H-A-N-N-I-G-H-A-N.
W:(8-1)Yes,Mr.Hannighan,we’vereservedadoubleroomforyouwithaviewoftheoceanfortwonights.Isthatcorrect?
M:(8-2)Yes,itis.
W:Excellent.Wealreadyhaveyourcreditcardinformationonfile.Ifyou’lljustsignthereceiptalongthebottom,please?
M:Whoa!Fivehundredandninetydollarsanight!
W:Yes,sir.Weareafivestarhotelafterall.
M:Well, fine (9)I’m here on business anyway,so at least I’m staying on the company’s dime.(10-1)What’s included in this
costanyway?
W:(10-2)Afullcontinentalbuffeteverymorning,freeairportshuttleservice,anduseofthehotel’ssafeareallincluded.
M:Sowhat’snotincludedintheprice?
W:Well, you will find a mini-bar in your room. Use of it will be charged to your account. Also, the hotel provides room
service,atanadditionalchargeofcourse.
M:Hmm.OK,sowhatroomanIin?
W:Room487.Hereisyourkey.Togettoyourroom,taketheelevatorontherightuptothefourthfloor.Turnleftonceyou
exittheelevatorandyourroomwillbeonthelefthandside.Abellboywillbringyourbagsupshortly.
M:Great.Thankes.
W:Should youhaveanyquestionsorrequests,pleasedial“0”fromyourroom.Also,thereis Internetavailableinthelobby
24hoursaday.M:OK,and(11-1)whattimeischeck-out?
W:(11-2)Atmidday,sir.
M:OK,thanks.
W:Mypleasure,sir.HaveawonderfulstayattheGrandWoodwardHotel.
Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
8.Whatkindofroomdidthemanreserveinthehotel?B)
9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?D)
10.Whatisincludedintheprice?A)
11.Whenshouldthemancheckoutofthehotel?C)
ConversationTwo
W:Hello andwelcometoTrendUK.Creativeindustriesoftenattractyoungpeoplewhofeelnaturallydrawntothem, inthe
hope that they can make their mark, their fortune or both, whilst expressing themselves in their chosen field. That’s the
dream but what are the realities? (12)Today we have invited a film and video editor to share his feelings with us.
Welcome,Mr.Jones.
M:Thankyou.
W:(13-1)WhatisitlikeworkinginacreativeindustryhereintheUK?
M:(13-2)Itcanbefantastic.Everything hashighsandlowsIthink.Butthehighscanbeparticularly high.I’ve workedona
varietyofprojects.LastyearIworkedon“NannyMcPhee”whichwasarelativelylargeHollywoodfilm.
W:Anddoyouhavetoworklonghours?
M: (14)Fourteen-, fifteen-, sixteen-hour days, it’s not unusual. There are limits set within the law, but you usually do
whateverisrequiredtogetthematerialinthecan.
W:Whataboutthesocialsideofthings?Doyouhavetimetogooutmuch?
M: In terms of meeting people, it’s a very mixed bag. I often work on my own, so I’m very effective. I’m directing myself
doingcameraworkandthenI’llgoandedit.I’mcompletelyonmyownfordaysatatime workingonaproject.(15)On
other projects which are much more collaborative, you meet an awful lot of people, and obviously you’ve got a lot in
commonwithsomeofthem.I’vedevelopedreallygoodrelationshipsthatyoucouldcallfriendships.Soyeah,sociallyit
canbegreat.
W:Thankyouforjoiningus,Mr.Jones.
M:Mypleasure.
Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
12.Whatistheman’sjob?C)
13.WhatdoesthemanthinkofworkinginacreativeindustryintheUK?A)
14.Whatdoesthemansayabouthiswork?D)
15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcollaborativeprojects?B)
SectionC
PassageOne
ThefirstmantocombinethesteamenginesandcartswasRichardTrevithick,anengineer.Hedesignedasteamengine
that could run on wheels in 1803. (16)In 1804, his engine pulled carts carrying 18 metric tons of iron ore and 70 men for
fivemilesinSouthWales.Butitwassoheavythatthetrackbrokewhenitreachedfivemilesperhour.
TherailtransportsysteminGreatBritaindevelopedduringthe19thcentury.Britain’srailways wereinitiallyownedby
four companies, and then during WWII they were taken into state control in 1947. It wasn’t until 1996 that they were
privateagain!
Todaythereare25trainoperatorswhoruntheservices—oneinfrastructurecompanyandthreerollingstockcompanies,
and all sorts of companies who do maintenance work on the 13,000 miles of track. There are also a number of government
organizations like the Strategic Rail Authority and the Health and Safety Executive.(17)They are involved in running therailways,makingthewholestructureextremelycomplicated.
Broken tracks, leaves or the wrong type of snow on the line and trains are a feature of rail travel in the UK
nowadays.(18)According to statistics, only two out of ten British trains are late, but the main problem is they always seem
to be my trains! If you have you have a problem when travelling by train in Britain there is a very good network called the
RailPassengerCouncil.Itdealswithcomplaintsandwillalsogivealotofadviceonanyproblemsyoumighthavehad.
Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
16.WhatdidRichardTrevithick’senginecarryin1804?B)
17.WhatcanwelearnabouttherailtransportsystemintheUK?D)
18.Whatcanwelearnaboutthespeaker’sexperiencesoftakingBritishtrains?C)
PassageTwo
Our expectation of what romance is probably dated from the romantic period. It was an artistic, literary, musical and
intellectual movement that is derived from Europe in the 18th century. The notion of falling in love, getting married and
livinghappilyeverafterwereculturallyheldideasformedduringthisperiodandstillexisttoday.
Or course there’s nothing wrong with liking the idea of romance. It makes us feel good. but we must be careful not to
use it as a standard for ourown relationships.(19)This ideal version of love leaves out the essence of real-life relationships.
There’s usually work, finances and other stresses of everyday life to deal with. You can’t expect romantic gestures like a
bunchofredroseseveryday.Therearebillstopay!
Many popular love stories end at the point where the characters get together or tie the knot. That puts the focus on
findingsomeonespecial.Butveryfewshowushowtokeepthatperfectcatchoveralongperiodoftime.(20)Arelationship
ishardwork.It’sfrustrating,messyandcanbeemotionallydamaging.
If you’re still convinced romance isn’t dead, how will you ever find it?(21)Some people might think nowadays
romanceisdyingbecauseithasbecometooeasytomeetnewpeopleviadatingapps.
Perhaps romance is best left to the movies. It’s a fantasy that makes us feel good. Romance is full of love,
concentratingonfindingagoodandhealthyrelationshipwithitsupsanddowns.Doyoubelieveromancereallyexists?
Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
19.Whatdoestheideaofromanceleaveout?A)
20.Howdoesthespeakerthinkofaromanticrelationship?B)
21.Whydosomepeoplethinkromanceisdyingtoday?D)
PassageThree
Are you a dog person? Maybe you have one at home and enjoy taking it for walks and curling up with it on the sofa.
Personally, I’m not that kind of person.(22)For me they’re aggressive, smelly animals that need constant care and lack the
independent nature and intelligence that cats have. But given the life-saving skills that some doge possess, maybe I should
givethemasecondchance.
(23)To some, a perfect dog might be one that looks cute, is loyal and sits when it’s told. But to really be man’s best
friend,theyneedtodosomething useful.(24)Some breedsthathaveamazing senseofsmellareputtogooduseasdetection
dogs.They are trained to use their senses to detectsubstances such as explosives and illegal drugs.You’ll often see them at
airportsorworkingwithpoliceoutonthestreets.
Other types of working dogs including guide doge and hearing dogs provide a life-saving service to their owners.
Some dogscanalertemergencyserviceswhentheirownerhasaseizure.Andtherearecleverdogs thathavebeentrainedto
provideaffectionandcomforttopeopleinhospitals,retirementhomesorschools.
New uses for dogs are being discovered all the time. The dog is in fact a highly sophisticated sensor. Evolution has
givenhimthishighlysensitivenose.(25)It’sthisincredibleabilitythathasledtotheUK’sNationalHealthServiceassessing
whetherdogscanbeusedtodetectearlystagecancer.It’svitalforimprovingsurvivalrates.
Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofdogsinthebeginning?A)
23.Whichisafeatureaperfectdogshouldpossessaccordingtosomepeople?D)
24.Whatcanwelearnaboutdogswithgoodsenseofsmell?C)
25.Whatiscrucialtoimprovingsurvivalratesofcancerpatients?B)
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
SectionA
选项归类
名词：B)attacks攻击，抨击； C)common共同之处； G)influence影响，势力； H)insult侮辱，冒犯；
I)omission 省略，遗漏；N)value价值，重要性； O)version版本，译本
动词：B)attacks攻击，抨击； E)engaged参与，参加； F)excluded排除，不包括在内； G)influence影响，支配；
H)insult侮辱，冒犯； J)required需要，要求； L)shifted转移，移动； M)threaten威胁，恐吓；
N)value 重视，给……估价
形容词：C)common常见的，普遍的； D)critical重要的，紧急的； E)engaged已订婚的，使用中的； J)required
必须的，必修的
副词：A)absolutely绝对地，毫无疑问地； K)sharply急剧地，大幅度地
详解详析：
26.答案：E)engaged
详解：空格前是are，因此空格处应填入动词的分词形式与are一起构成句子的谓语，或填入形容词作are的表语。
无论填入形容词还是动词分词形式，都应能与介词in搭配使用。上文提到，女性健康状况有所恶化，因此人们想要
废除和替换掉不合理法案。那么空格所在句可理解为：国会的共和党人士正在疯狂的努力参与废除并取代奥巴马领
导的政府实施的平价医疗法案(ACA)，故E)engaged“参与，参加”为答案
27.答案：O)version
详解：空格前是形容词最高级latest，空格后是介词of，且分析句子结构可知，介词under后缺少宾语，因此空格
处应填入名词做宾语。上文提到，到2026年至少有2200万美国人将失去医疗保险。下文提到，这一计划包括大幅
消减医疗补助。根据语境可知，此处指的是奥巴马政府实施的平价医疗法案最新版本的计划，故O)version“版本，
译本”为本题答案。
28.答案：M)threaten
详解：分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语，因此空格处应填入动词作谓语。联系上下文内容可知，本文整体基调
是对女性健康状况有所恶化表示不满，那么此处提到的“这些削减对女性的影响可能比男性更大”是一种不良结果，
即对女性健康来说是一种威胁，故M)threaten“威胁，恐吓”为答案。
29.答案：K)sharply
详解：分析句子结构可知，此处whether…or连接的是by引出的三个并列结构，且or后的并列结构成分完整，
故应填入副词修饰动词limiting。此处讲的是大幅削减医疗补助和保险的缺乏对女性带来的不良影响，即取消基本
医疗保险，削减产妇保健，或大幅减少生育权利，故K)sharply“急剧地，大幅度地”为答案。
30.答案：H)insult
详解：空格前是形容词最高级latest，且分析句子成分可知，本句缺少宾语，因此空格处应填入名词。上文提到，
是时候站出来反对这场关于妇女健康的战争了；空格后提到以男性为中心的医学史，因此对反对女性健康状况恶化
的人来说，上述提到的大幅削减医疗补助和保险的缺乏对女性来说是一种侮辱，故H)insult“侮辱，冒犯”为答案。
31.答案：J)required
详解：分析句子结构可知，空格处位于非限制性定语从句中，且该从句缺少谓语，故空格处应填入动词。下文提
到，科学家担心女性的荷尔蒙周期会影响结果，那么空格所在句可理解为：为了避免女性影响实验结果，在1993
年《美国国家卫生振兴方案》之前，妇女和少数族裔只有在最后阶段的药物和治疗试验中才被要求加入实验。故
J)required“需要，要求”为答案。
32.答案：F)excluded
详解：空格前是系动词were，因此空格处应填入动词的分词形式与were一起构成句子的谓语，或填入形容词作
were的表语。无论填入形容词还是动词，都应该能与介词from搭配使用。上文提到，科学家担心女性的荷尔蒙周期会影响实验结果，所以女性被排除在这些实验之外，故F)excluded“排除，不包括在内”为答案。
33.答案：I)omission
详解：空格前是定冠词the，且分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，因此空格处应填入名词。上文提到，女性被
排除在药物和治疗试验之外，这就意味着女性参与试验的价值被忽略了，从而导致女性不知道药物会对她们产生怎
样的影响，因此I)omission “省略，遗漏”为答案。
34.答案：B)attacks
详解：分析句子结构可知，本句前半句为Whetherornot引导的让步状语从句，空格所在部分为主句，且主句缺
少主语，再结合空格前的these和空格后的谓语are可知，空格处应填入复数名词。上文提到了大幅削减女性医疗补
助和保险的缺乏，对于支持废除并取代奥巴马政府实施的平价医疗法案的人来说，这些行为是对女性的健康的攻击，
因此B)attacks“攻击，抨击”为答案。
35.答案：D)critical
详解：空格前是it’s，空格后是todo不定式结构，因此空格处应填入形容词作is的表语，或填入名词作is的宾语，
构成“itis+名词/形容词+不定式”结构。根据上文可知，作者支持废除关于女性健康的不合理法案，而此处是说把
女性放在第一位刻不容缓，故D)critical“重要的，紧急的”为答案。
SectionB
语篇分析
本文主要阐述了作者 A)~C)段作者通过与母亲关于夏日假期的谈话，引出做母亲就是牺牲的传统观点，并对此表
对母亲角色的看法，她 达出异议。
人物做母亲并非牺牲 D)~G)段分析了做母亲就是牺牲的传统观点，并以玛格丽特·阿特伍德的小说为例进行具体
而是一种自私的行为。 说明。
H)~P)段指出了做母亲就是牺牲是一种偏见，以及做母亲其实是一种自私的行为。
详解详析：
36. In Margaret Atwood’s novel, women are [F]Written more than 30 years ago, Margaret Atwood’s The
divided into two groups based on whether or not Handmaid’sTale offers a cautionary tale of womanhood as sacrifice.
theycangivebirthtoachild. Inthisdystopicnovel,womenaregroupedaccordingtotheusesmen
译文：在玛格丽特·阿特伍德的小说中，女性根 determine for them: namely, sterile wives married for appearance or
据她们是否能生孩子被分成两组 fertile “handmaids,” who are raped routinely for procreation(生育).
定位：由题干中的MargaretAtwood’s，divided和 One male character declares that the woman must “learn in silence
givebirthtoachild定位到原文F)段画线处。 with allsubjection” andthat“she shallbesaved by childbearing.” In
thisscenario,theactoftheconceptofmotherhoodassacrifice.
详解：F)段定位句第一句提到了玛格丽特·阿特伍德的小说，第二句介绍了在这部小说中女性据其用途被分组，
一组是sterilewives，另一组是fertile“handmaids”，虽然sterile是超纲单词，但根据fertile“能生育的”可推出sterile
的意思是“不能生育的”。由此可知，在这部小说中，女性是根据其是否拥有生育能力而被进行分组的。题干中的
aredividedintotwogroups和basedon分别对应定位句中的aregrouped和accordingto,故F)为答案。
37. The way to alter the biased view held by people like [P]If we start referring to motherhood as the beautiful,
the author’s mother is to talk about being a mother as messy privilege that it is, and to tending to our children as
privilegeandselfishness. the most loving yet selfish thing we do, perhaps we can
译文：要改变像作者母亲这类人所持有的偏见，其方法 change the biased language my mother used. Only when we
是把做母亲这件事称之为特权和自私。 stop talking about motherhood as sacrifice can we start
定位：由题干中的biasedview，privilege和selfishness定 talkingaboutmothersthewaythatwedeserve.
位到原文P)段画线处。
详解：P)段定位句指出，如果我们开始把母亲称作美丽却麻烦的特权，把照顾我们的孩子称作我们所做的最有爱
心却又自私的事，或许我们就能够改变我母亲所使用的那种带有偏见的言语。题干中的alterthebiasedviewheldby
peopleliketheauthor’smother对应定位句中的changethebiasedlanguagemymotherused。故P)为答案。
38. Rearing children couldn’t become a job because [L]The language surrounding child rearing as a job surely
parents, unlike employees, neither get paid to fulfill derived from caregivers’ and homemakers’ efforts to be
theirresponsibilitiesnorhaveasuperior. acknowledged as fulfilling an important role.And clearly raising译文：养育子女不可能成为一份工作，因为父母不 children is one of the most important things we do—for both
像雇员，既不能获取酬劳去履行他们的责任，也不 women and men—but that does not make it a job. In a job, an
会有上司。 employer pays for services an employee agrees to perform. And
定位：由题干中的couldn’tbecomeajob和employees there is a boss to whom the employee reports. In the case of
定位到原文L)段画线处。 parenting,whowouldthatbe?
详解：L)段定位句表明，显然抚养孩子是我们所做的最重要的事情之一——对于男女双方而言——但那并不能使
它成为一份工作。在一份工作中，老板向员工支付工资，并且员工需要向老板汇报工作。题干中的couldn’tbecome
ajob和getpaid分别对应定位句中的doesnotmakeitajob和pays；fulfill和superior分别是定位句中perform和boss
的近义词，故L)为答案。
39. The author knows from her experience that [J]In my experience, when women talk among women, our
conversations between women usually centre on ambivalence or frustration is rarely about our roles as mothers.
disciplining their children, jobs and other responsibilities (That doesn’t mean our kids don’t drive us crazy
insteadoftheirmotheringroles. sometimes.)Rather, conversations turn to questions of how to
译文：以往的经验告诉作者，女性之间的话题通常集 manage the best part of our lives(those very kids who are
中在管教孩子、工作和其他责任上，而不是她们作为 driving us crazy)with our partners, careers and other
母亲的角色上。 responsibilities. And while many women derive their deepest
定位：由题干中的conversationsbetweenwomen，jobs fulfillment as mothers, it doesn’t preclude(阻止)their ambition
andotherresponsibilities和theirmotheringroles定位到 orflyinthefaceofleaninginoroutorsideways.
原文J)段画线处。
详解：J)段第一句提到，女性之间的谈话很少与她们身为母亲的角色有关；第二句则指出，女性之间的话题经常
与三个方面有关：如何与伴侣一起管理她们生活中最好的部分（正是那些令她们抓狂的孩子）、事业和其他的责任。
画线部分中的thoseverykidswhoaredrivinguscrazy表明thebestpartofourlives就是子她们的孩子。由此可知，题
干中的discipliningtheirchildren对应定位句中的managethe bestpartofourlives。题干是对画线部分的总结，故J)
为答案。
40. Motherhood is a selfish behavior, [H]Motherhood is not a sacrifice, but a privilege—one that many of us
from both a biological and a personal choose selfishly.At its most atavistic(原始的)， procreating ensures that our
perspective. genes survive into the next generation. You could call this selfishness as
译文：不管是从生物学层面还是从个人 biological imperative. On a personal level, when we bring into the world a
层面来看，做母亲都是一种自私的行为。 beingthatis ofus, someonewe willprotectandlove andforwhomwe will do
定 位 ： 由 题 干 中 的 Motherhood ， everything we can to help thrive and flourish, it begets the question, How is
biological和personal定位到原文H)段。 this selfless? Selflessness implies that we have no skin the game. In
motherhood,we’reallin.
详解：H)段第一句提到，做母亲是一种特权，一种自私的行为，接下来从两个角度证明了这一观点：第二、三句
从生理学角度说明，做母亲是一种自私的行为；第四至六句从个人角度分析做母亲是一种自私的行为。题干中的from
bothabiologicalandapersonalperspective对应定位句中的biologicalimperative和apersonallevel。题干是对该段的
概括总结，故H)为答案。
41. The author expressed her [A]I was taking a few weeks’break from work over the summer. My family
disagreement when her mother made andI—myhusbandandmysons,then9and7—plannedtospendthetime at
comments on her holiday plan and our house on the New Jersey shore. When my mother asked what we would
motherhood. be doing on our vacation, I told her we would be together—going to the
译文：在作者的母亲对其假期计划和母亲 beach and the nearby amusement park, cooking, playing in the yard. In
身份做出评论之后，作者表示了异议。 response,mymothersaid:“Oh,that’snotmuch ofavacationforyou. I’llbet
定位：由题干中的disagreement，holiday you can’t wait to get back to work. Motherhood, it’s the hardest job in the
和motherhood定位到原文A)段画线处。 world.Allsacrifice!”“Really?”wasallIcouldsayinresponse.
详解：A)段画线部分第一句中作者向她的母亲简单介绍了自己的假期安排；紧接着作者的母亲对作者的假期安排
以及母亲身份做出的消极的评价；最后一句中作者的反问语气表明她并不赞同母亲的观点。题干中的expressedher
disagreement和holidayplan分别对应定位句中的“Really？”和whatwewouldbedoingonourvacation，故A)为答案。
42. The cultural acceptance of men’s dual [N]Fathers are rarely, if ever, spoken about in the same way that
identities as father and jobholder reflects mothers are. It’s culturally acceptable for men to have children and
deep-rootedprejudiceagainstwomen. professionalidentities without having to choose between the two.These
译文：对于男性具有父亲和就业者这双重身份 unspoken biases run deep. It reminds me of a friend whose husband
的文化认可反映出对女性根深蒂固的偏见。 complained about having to “babysit” the children while she went to
定位：由题干中的 culturalacceptance，men’s dinner with friends. Has a woman ever “babysat” her own children?
dual identities 和 deep-rooted prejudice 定位到 Thingsarechanging,buttheinsidious(潜在的)inferencespersist.
原文N)段画线处。
详解：N)段画线部分首先提到，在文化上接受男性的双重身份；接着第二句指出这些偏见根深蒂固。最后作者提
到她想起了一位朋友，她的丈夫抱怨说，在她去和朋友共进晚餐时自己不得不“代她临时照看”孩子们。有女性曾
经说过“代人临时照看”自己的孩子吗？由此可知，这些偏见是针对女性的。题干中的 cultural acceptance 和
deep-rootedprejudice分别是对定位句中culturallyacceptable和biasesrundeep的同义转述，故N)为答案。
43. The reason why pregnant women appear to [E]When a woman becomes pregnant, she seems to become public
become public assets may be that bringing property.Perhapsbecausebearingchildrenensures the continuation of
children into the world makes sure the human thespecies,itisoftenprioritizedaspartofalargersocialcontract.Not
race’scontinuedexistence. onlydoesthislogicleadtoanattempttolegislatewomen’sbodies,but
译文：怀孕女性似乎变成了公共财产，原因可 also in smaller, everyday gestures, boundaries get crossed. Many
能是生孩子确保了人类种族的延续 friends tell stories about being touched by strangers during pregnancy,
定位：由题干中的pregnantwomen，publicassets as if a woman’s maternal(母亲的)status turns her into a vessel to
和 the world makes sure the human race’s handle.
continuedexistence定位到原文E)段画线处。
详解：E)段定位句表明，当女人怀孕时，她似乎就变成了公共财产。或许是因为生育子女确保物种的延续，这往
往被优先认为属于更大的社会契约。题干中的makessurethehumanrace’scontinuedexistence是定位句中ensuresthe
continuationofthespecies的同义转述，故E)为答案。
44. Despite their unwillingness to bear a child due to [I] By reframing motherhood as a privilege, we redirect agency
economic or personal reasons, many women still back to the mother, empowering her, celebrating her
becamemothers. autonomy(自主权)instead of her sacrifice. Granted, some of us
译文：尽管由于经济或个人原因并不愿意生小孩， have more autonomy than others. There are many mothers who
但许多女性仍然成为了母亲。 would not have chosen motherhood, for financial or personal
定位：由题干中的 unwillingness 和 economic or reasons. Still, by owning our roles as mothers and refusing the
personalreasons定位到原文I)段画线处。 false accolades(赞扬)of martyrdom(殉难)，we do more to
empowerallwomen.
详解：I)段定位句表明，有许多本来出于经济或个人原因不会选择做母亲的女性，还是成为了母亲。该句含有一
个who引导的定语从句，用来修饰先行词manymothers，定语从句中的谓语wouldnothavechosenmotherhood使用
了虚拟语气，表明与过去的事实相反，由此可知，这些已经做母亲的人本来是不会选择做母亲的。题干中的
unwillingness和economic分别对应定位句中的wouldnothavechosen和financial，故I)为答案。
45. The author expected to spend her [B]Iwaslookingforwardtouninterruptedtimewithmyboys.Wewouldspend
holiday with sons without distraction and days by the ocean and take trips to the boardwalk, where they would scream
believedtheywouldhaveagoodtime. with delight whole riding the roller coaster—the same one I’d ridden when I
译文：作者期望与儿子们不受打扰地共 was their age, then ridden alongside them until Hurricane Sandy deposited it
度假期，并且相信他们会玩得很高兴。 into the Atlantic. We’d ram one another with bumper cars; we’d ride the
定位：由题干中sons，withoutdistraction old-fashioned merry-go-round, waiting until my youngest son’s favorite horse,
和have a good time 定位到原文 B)段画 bright-blue Freddy, became available. Some days were sure to end in tears of
线处。 exhaustion,butthetearsdidn’toutweighthejoy.Evenonthebaddays.
详解：B)段定位句表明，作者盼望着和儿子们共度一段不受打扰的时间。有些日子肯定会在疲惫的泪水中收场，
但即便是在糟糕的日子里，眼泪也不会压倒喜悦。由此推知，尽管这个假期会过得很累，但作者和孩子们还是会很开心。题干中的expected和sons是对定位句中lookingforwardto和myboys的同义转述；withoutdistraction和have
agoodtime.分别对应定位句中的uninterrupted和thetearsdidn’toutweighthejoy，故B)为答案。
SectionC
PassageOne
全文翻译：
担心互联网公司窥探你的在线浏览？你可能会转而选择虚拟专用网络来保护隐私。但是，研究人员说这些网络
本身就是不安全的。
（46）今年早些时候，联邦政府撤回了禁止互联网服务提供商跟踪用户在线活动的条款。康卡斯特公司，美国
电话电报公司和其他提供商获许跟踪和销售你的个人数据，而不用担心监管行动。
（47）一个解决方案是虚拟专用网络，它就像一个黑暗的秘密隧道，你可以使用它联通计算机和网站。当你进
入隧道，点击Instagram照片或检查你的银行账户，第三方看不到你在做什么。世界各地的人使用虚拟专用网络有
很多原因：隐藏位置，访问工作网络，甚至是避免政府的审查。
互联网提供商以不同的方式处理客户隐私。有人说你必须选择让他们出售你的数据。因此与互联网相连接的设
备能使提供商看到比你浏览的网站更多的内容。
所以，谁会在乎时代华纳有限电视或威瑞森无线通信是否知道我们什么时候关灯或者我冰箱里是否存储存着瑞
士硬干酪或切达干酪？
（48）首先，这些数据点可以用来定点投放广告。政府或私人公司也可以利用这些信息来拒绝服务，如健康保
险，甚至是水。
一些虚拟专用网络承诺免费匿名游览或一个月只花几美元；他们声称不会共享你的数据。但这些服务提供商并
不总是履行他们的承诺。有时治疗用药可能比疾病本身更糟糕。（49）在对虚拟专用网络供应商的第一次重大审查
中，研究人员的发现令人震惊。近40%的供应商引入恶意软件。
（50）专家建议在使用之前先研究一下虚拟专用网络，并将其视为补充工具，而不是隐藏的解决方案。他们建
议阅读虚拟专用网络服务提供商的隐私政策，以查看其是否收集或保留可追溯到你的任何用户信息。
详解详析：
46. 答案：B)
定位：由题干中的Internetserviceproviders定位到第二段。
详解：事实细节题。由定位段首句可知，联邦政府撤回了禁止互联网服务提供商跟踪用户在线活动的条款，紧
接着第二句就指出提供商的现状：被允许跟踪和销售个人数据，而不用担心监管行动。由此看出，政府对互联网服
务提供商的监管有所放松，故答案为B)。A)“他们被迫制定和执行有关隐私的条款”，文中只提及政府撤回条款，
并未谈及制定条款，故排除；C)“联邦政府禁止他们与用户接触”，文中只涉及政府放松监管，未提到其他规定，
故排除；D)“联邦政府敦促他们追踪用户个人数据”，文中提到联邦政府撤回了禁止互联网服务提供商跟踪用户在
线活动的条款，但不等同与敦促他们追踪数据，故排除。
47. 答案：A)
定位：由题干中的VPN定位到第三段前两句。
详解：事实细节题。定位段首句提到，一个解决方案是虚拟专用网络，它是可以连通计算机和网站的秘密隧道，
紧接着第二句做进一步说明，进入隧道时第三方看不到你在做什么。即使用虚拟专用网络的目的是为了保护用户的
隐私，故答案为A)。B)“隐匿用户住址”，该段第三句提到世界各地的人使用虚拟专用网络其中的一个原因是隐藏
位置，这里是指上网地址，并非住址，故排除；C)“访问用户喜欢的网站”与该段第三句中的“访问工作网络”不
吻合，故排除；D)“减轻政府负担”，文中未提及相关内容，可以排除。
48. 答案：C)
定位：由题干中的theusers’data定位到第六段。
详解：推理判断题。定位段提到用户用数据的用途：这些数据点可以用来定点投放广告；政府或私人公司也可
以利用这些信息来拒绝服务，如健康保险，甚至是水。由此可推，政府或私人公司可以看到用户数据，用作拒绝为
某些人提供诸如保险一类服务的依据，即数据可以用来让政府受益，故答案为C)。A“) 数据被解读以威胁用户安全”，
文中未提及此内容，故排除；B)“数据被出售给私人公司以获利”，第四段第二句提到有人说你必须选择让互联网
提供商出售你的数据，定位段未提到私人公司，故排除；D)“数据可以用于投放公益广告”，定位段第一句提到这些数据点可以用来定点投放广告，并未特指公益广告，故排出。
49. 答案：B)
定位：由题干中的VPNserviceproviders定位到倒数第二段最后两句。
详解：推理判断题。定位句提到，在对虚拟专用网络供应商的第一次重大审查中，研究人员的发现令人震惊。
下一句具体说明震惊的原因：近40%的供应商引入恶意软件。结合前一句提到的“有时治疗用药可能比疾病本身更
糟糕”可以推断虚，拟专用网络供应商存在侵犯用户隐私的可能，故答案为B)。A)“多数供应商用低价引诱客户”，
倒数第二段首句提到一些虚拟专用网络承诺免费匿名浏览或一个月只花几美元，并未说多数供应商都这样做，故排
除；C)“研究人员警告供应商有感染病毒的危险”，文中只提到近40%的供应商引入恶意软件，感染的是用户，与
供应商无关，故排除；D)“供应商往往为了生存盗窃用户数据”，文中并没有提到相关内容，故排除。
50. 答案：D)
定位：由题干中的suggestionforchoosingaVPN定位到末段。
详解：推理判断题。定位段首句提到，专家建议在使用之前先研究一下虚拟专用网络；第二句给出具体建议：
阅读虚拟专用网络服务提供商的隐私政策。由此推断，作者建议应该仔细选择虚拟专用网络供应商，故答案为D)。
A)“寻求其他用户的建议”，文中未提及相关内容，故排除。B)“签订一份有关隐私政策的协议”，文中只是提到
建议阅读虚拟专用网络服务提供商的隐私政策，并没有提到签署协议，故排除；C)“避免频繁使用虚拟专用网络”，
由定位段可知，文中未涉及虚拟专用网络使用频率的问题，故排除。
PassageTwo
全文翻译：
（51）在美国高等教育的大部分历史中，宿舍和其他学生设施——从餐厅到娱乐中心，都是在校园规划的主要
业务——宏伟的教学楼之后考虑的东西。
到本世纪之交，大学对校园豪华程度的渴望越来越高。（52）千禧一代的学生从全国各地的高中毕业，蜂拥而
入，许多大学发现在拥挤的市场上吸引注意的最简单的方法是修建更昂贵的设施。建筑起重机在校园中无处不在，
通常最高调的学生设施项目一般通过借贷筹款。
现在，经过十多年的建设热潮，奢华的校园装饰花费的步伐正在放缓。（53-1）这种转变背后的原因在于越来
越多的人担心学费升高，学生们债务增加，高中毕业生人数减少，以及学生和家长的喜好不断变化。
（53-2）大学退出设施军备竞赛的另一个原因是高等教育不再处于增长模式，所以用于建设学生奢侈品的资金
就减少了。高等教育入学人数连续五年下降。还不清楚“通过建设吸引他们来”的方法是否真正吸引来了学生或者
让他们待在学校直至毕业。
（54）一些高等级教育专家认为，为学生修建越来越昂贵的设施会分散他们的学习注意力——大学生一周只花
四分之一的时间来学习，这些设施促使他们独自在私人厨房和卧室度过，而不是和其他同学一起在餐厅或休息室度
过。研究表明，因缺乏在亲密的公共区共同生活产生的社区感，学生可能很少有机会学习如何与不同的人相处，并
解决冲突，或者发展友谊和人际关系网以使他们能留在学校。
（55）随着大学越来越担心提高学生的留存率和毕业率，校园正在回归老路。宿舍和其他学生设施将随着现代
的便利设施回到更朴素的时期。
详解详析：
51. 答案：B)
定位：由题干中的Americanhighereducation定位到第一段。
详解：推理判断题。由定位段可知，在美国高等教育的大部分历史中，宿舍和其他学生设施都是在校园规划的
主要业务——宏伟的教学楼之后考虑的东西，即教学楼比学生设施更受重视，故答案为B)。A)“宿舍和食堂总是美
国高等教育的关注点”，此处属于绝对选项，故排除；C)“美国校园规划过去包含数量众多的设施”，文中只提到
“宿舍和其他学生设施——从餐厅到娱乐中心”，并未涉及数量如何，故排除；D)“娱乐中心对不同国籍的学生都
有吸引力”，文中只提到娱乐中心，没有说明学生的态度如何，故排除。
52. 答案：B)
定位：由题干中的campusluxuries定位到第二段第一句。
详解：事实细节题。该段首先提到，到本世纪之交，大学对校园豪华程度的渴望越来越高。紧接着定位句说明
原因，许多大学发现吸引高中毕业生注意的最简单的方法是修建更昂贵的设施，故答案为B)。A)“因为新生代对校园奢侈的享受的要求越来越高”，该段首句明确提到是大学对校园豪华程度的渴望越来越高，并不是新生代，本项
属于张冠李戴，故排除；C)“因为大学可以通过修建设施获得财政资助”，第二段第三句提到学生设施一般通过借
贷筹款，并非修炼设施获得财政资助，故排除；D)“因为建筑市场竞争激烈”，文中只提到建筑起重机在校园中无
处不在，未涉及建筑市场竞争情况，故排除。
53. 答案：D)
定位：由题干中的reasons和behindtheshift定位到第三段第二句和第四段前两句。
详解：事实细节题。定位段提到，这种转变背后的另一个原因：高等教育不再处于增长模式，所以用于建设学
生奢侈品的资金就减少了。高等教育入学人数连续五年下降，故答案为D)。A)“建筑热受到学生和家长的质疑”，
第三段第二句明确提到这种转变背后的一个原因是学生和家长的喜好不断变化，并非提出质疑，故排除；B)“不断
上涨的学费让学生很难支付奢侈服务”，第三段第二句提到一个原因是越来越多的人担心学费升高，学生债务增加，
与购买奢侈无关，故排除；C)“许多高中毕业生拒绝享用校园豪华设施”，文中只提到高中毕业生人数下降，并未
提到相关内容，可以排除。
54. 答案：B)
定位：由题干中的higher-educationexperts定位到第五段第一句。
详解：事实细节题。定位句提到，一些高等教育专家认为，为学生修建越来越昂贵的设施会分散他们的学习注
意力——大学生一周只花四分之一的时间来学习，而花费更多的时间与精力在便利设施上，故答案为B)。A)“学生
往往独自待着打电脑游戏”，文章并未提及他们具体干什么，故排除；C)“学生可能不知道如何与其他人一起出去
玩”，该段第二句提到因缺乏在亲密的公共区共同生活所产生的社区感，学生可能很少有机会学习如何与不同的人
相处，并未具体指出去玩，故排除；D)“学生可能缺少解决冲突的勇气”，文中提到学生可能更少有机会学习如何
解决冲突，未涉及勇气，故排除。
55. 答案：B)
定位：由题干及各选项内容可定位至末段第一句。
详解：推理判断题。定位句提到，随着大学越来越担心提高学生的留存率和毕业率，校园正在回归老路。由此
推断，大学艰难吸引学生留到毕业，故答案为B)。A)“大学更在意学生质量而非数量”，文中未涉及此项内容，故
排除；C)“大学对毕业率采取了务实的态度”，文中只提到大学担心毕业率，并没有提到务实态度，故排除；D)
“现代的便利设施受学到学生的欢迎”，文中提到宿舍和其他学生设施将随着现代的便利设施回到更朴素的时期，
未涉及学生的态度如何，故排除。
Part Ⅳ Translation
参考译文
The twelve Chinese Zodiacs play an important role in the traditional Chinese culture. According to the Chinese
Zodiacs, each year is associated with one of twelve animals. You’ve probably heard that Chinese people regard the twelve
animals as the foundation of the zodiac system. In the West, the twelve creatures of the Chinese Zodiacs have become
increasingly familiar. The twelve symbolic animals have their own characteristics, with each animal representing relevant
beliefs, connotations and traditional wisdom. Among the twelve animals, dragon is the only mythological beast, and to be
bornintheYearofDragonisregardedaspropitious.
难点注释
1.第一句中，“是中国传统文化的重要组成部分”可直译为areanimportantcomponentoftraditionalChineseculture,
也可以像参考译文中那样意译为“在中国传统文化中占据重要地位”，在这种意译方法中，除可译为playanimportant
rolein…之外，还可译为occupyanimportantstatusin…。
2.第二句中，“与……有联系“可译为动词结构 be associated with 或 be linked to，也可译为其名词结构 have an
associationwith…或 “Thereisalinkbetween…and…”
3.第三句中，“用……作为”可译为regard…as…;“用十二生肖动物作为纪年的周期系统”指的是纪年的周期系统
以十二种动物为基础，故译为thefoundationofthezodiacsystem。除此之外，也可意译为“中国人在十二种动物的
基础上发明了纪年的周期系统”，即developthezodiacsystembasedontwelveanimals。
4.第四句中，“为人们所熟悉”可直译为befamiliarwith,也可意译为“被人们所认可”，故本句还可译为“Thetwelve
creaturesoftheChineseZodiacshavebeenunderscoringtheincreasingrecognitionintheWest.”。
5.第五句中，“每一种动物都代表着与该生肖相关的信仰、寓意和传统智慧”是对“十二生肖代表的动物的性格特点各不相同”的解释说明，因此为了增加句式多样性，该半句可译为伴随状语。
6.第六句中，前后两个分句可以看作是因果关系，因此可用therefore将两句链接起来。二者还可以看作是并列顺承
关系，因此也可用and连接。
