人教版新教材高中英语必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 核心词句篇语法专项练

🌈🌈🌈🌈 高中英语必修第一册· 核心词汇句篇语法专项练  🌈🌈🌈🌈

  Unit 3  ·  核心词汇句篇语法专项练  Sports and Fitness　｜　高一上学期· 从词到篇，夯实高考基础

📘 先记词· 再练句 · 后读文 — 稳稳拿下每个单元 📘

💡 **教材版本**：人教版（2019 版）高中英语必修第一册　｜　Unit 3 Sports and Fitness

💡 **适用场景**：高一单元同步巩固 · 期中期末复习 · 高考基础铺垫

💡 **标签**：#核心词汇 #语法专项 #词性转换 #时态 #被动语态

🔤   一、词性转换专项

单元核心词族梳理表

专项训练

1. He won first place in the singing _______ (compete) last month.

2. Her _______ (determine) to study medicine moved everyone.

3. The _______ (injure) on his leg kept him off the field for weeks.

4. Failure is not _______ (fail); it is a step to success.

5. The flood victims' _______ (suffer) touched people across the country.

6. Doing sports builds up both _______ (strong) and confidence.

7. We should face our _______ (weak) bravely instead of hiding them.

8. Physical _______ (fit) is important for senior high students.

9. ______ (honest) is the best policy in both study and life.

10. He felt a sense of _______ (proud) after winning the match.

11. After the long race, the runners looked _______ (tire) but happy.

12. The fans were _______ (excite) when their team scored.

13. The _______ (interest) story of the coach inspired the players.

14. We felt _______ (encourage) by the teacher's warm words.

15. A _______ (satisfy) smile appeared on the winner's face.

16. The _______ (athlete) build helped him perform well in the gym.

17. Teenagers should keep an _______ (energy) lifestyle with enough exercise.

18. This is a _______ (person) matter between you and your coach.

19. The _______ (practice) training every day led to great progress.

20. We should exercise _______ (regular) to stay healthy.

21. His health improved _______ (gradual) after he took up running.

22. The result was _______ (real) beyond our expectation.

23. He _______ (like) getting up early, so morning jogging is hard for him.

24. She was _______ (able) to join the team because of a knee problem.

25. It is _______ (possible) to build a strong body without daily effort.

✨   二、核心短语专项

短语精讲

① come along — 出现；进展；一起来

💡 课本原句：Come along with us to the school sports meet!

💡 用法提示：多义短语，表"进展"时常用于 How is it coming along?；也表"跟随/一起来"。

💡 仿写示例：How is your training coming along? I hope it's going well.

② work out — 锻炼；计算出；解决

💡 课本原句：I work out at the gym three times a week.

💡 用法提示："动词+副词"，代词宾语置中（work it out）；表"锻炼"最常用。

💡 仿写示例：Working out regularly helps reduce stress from study.

③ make it — 获得成功；准时到达

💡 课本原句：He didn't give up and finally made it to the finals.

💡 用法提示：无宾语，常接 to + 地点/阶段，表"达成目标"。

💡 仿写示例：If you keep practising, you will make it one day.

④ fall apart — 破裂；破碎；崩溃

💡 课本原句：Their plan fell apart because of the bad weather.

💡 用法提示：不及物短语，表"散架/失败"，无被动语态。

💡 仿写示例：Don't let your confidence fall apart after one loss.

⑤ lose heart — 丧失信心 / 灰心

💡 课本原句：Even if you fail, never lose heart.

💡 用法提示：heart 前无冠词；反义为 take heart（鼓起勇气）。

💡 仿写示例：When the score was low, the players didn't lose heart.

⑥ give up — 放弃

💡 课本原句：She never gave up her dream of becoming a runner.

💡 用法提示："动词+副词"，代词宾语置中（give it up）；后接 doing。

💡 仿写示例：No matter how hard it is, don't give up trying.

⑦ set an example — 树立榜样

💡 课本原句：The captain set a good example for the whole team.

💡 用法提示：example 前常有 good / bad 等修饰；for / to 引出对象。

💡 仿写示例：Senior students should set an example for the juniors.

配套练习

1. How is your training _______ _______ (进展)? I hope everything is fine.

2. My brother _______ _______ (锻炼) at the school gym every evening.

3. With hard work, the shy boy finally _______ _______ (获得成功).

4. After losing the first game, their strategy _______ _______ (失败) completely.

5. Even though he failed many times, he never _______ _______ (灰心).

6. You should not _______ _______ (放弃) your plan to join the team.

7. The star player _______ _______ _______ (树立榜样) for young fans.

✍️   三、完成句子专项

1. 那位运动员下定决心要赢得这场比赛。

The athlete _______ _______ _______ win the match.

2. 不要放弃，你总有一天会成功的。

Don't _______ _______, and you will _______ _______ one day.

3. 锻炼不仅增强体质，还能缓解学习压力。

_______ _______ not only builds your body but also reduces stress.

4. （武汉高一期末）这就是那位激励了全校学生的运动员。

This is the athlete _______ _______ the whole school.

5. （南京联考）到去年年底，新体育馆已经建成了。

By the end of last year, the new stadium _______ _______ _______.

6. （成都期末）只要你不放任自己，没有什么困难克服不了。

As long as you don't _______ _______ _______ , no difficulty can't be got over.

📖   四、语篇综合专项

语法填空

Last month our school 1. _______ (hold) a sports meeting. By the time it ended, the school record 2. _______ (break) three times. One runner 3. _______ (train) for two years and finally 4. _______ (make) it to the finals. He was so 5. _______ (excite) that he couldn't sleep that night. His 6. _______ (determine) encouraged many students who had almost 7. _______ (give) up. The old 8. _______ (injure) on his leg didn't stop him. We were all 9. _______ (pride) of his spirit, and sport 10. _______ (teach) us that failure is only a step to success.

完形填空

Lin Dan is a player 1. _______ I really admire. When he was young, he 2. _______ training every day, even in the rain. Once he 3. _______ badly and had to rest for months. Many thought he would 4. _______ , but he never 5. _______ heart. His coach 6. _______ a good example for him, telling him to 7. _______ out and stay strong. After hard work, he 8. _______ it to the top at last. His story teaches us that 9. _______ is not the end; what matters is whether we keep going. I am 10. _______ by his spirit.

1. A. which B. who    C. whom

2. A. kept B. lost    C. stopped

3. A. won B. injured    C. cheered

4. A. give up B. work out    C. come along

5. A. took B. lost    C. missed

6. A. set B. followed    C. became

7. A. come B. work    C. look

8. A. made B. did    C. got

9. A. success B. failure    C. pride

10. A. encouraged B. tired    C. bored

写作微训练

💡 **写作主题**：假设你是李华，你们学校上周举办了运动会。请你写一篇短文，介绍你印象最深的一个瞬间或一位同学的表现。

💡 **写作提纲**：

▪ 开头：点明运动会时间及总体氛围。

▪ 主体：描写一位同学如何坚持/突破（用定语从句、时态、被动语态）。

▪ 结尾：总结运动精神对你的启发。

💡 **写作支架**：

▪ 核心词汇：sports meeting, determination, encourage, work out, give up, set an example

▪ 重点句型：The student who ... / He was encouraged by ... / Never lose heart.

💡 **参考范文**：

Last week our school held a sports meeting, which was full of excitement. The moment that impressed me most was the 800-metre race. A student who had trained hard for months fell at the start but didn't give up. He was encouraged by the cheers from his classmates and got up at once. His determination set a good example for all of us. Although he didn't win, he was praised by the teacher for his spirit. The experience taught me that failure is never the end as long as we keep trying.

✅   五、参考答案与详细解析

词性转换答案

1. competition（compete v. → 名词 competition；动→名）

2. determination（determine v. → 名词 determination；动→名）

3. injury（injure v. → 名词 injury；动→名）

4. failure（fail v. → 名词 failure；动→名）

5. suffering（suffer v. → 名词 suffering；动→名）

6. strength（strong adj. → 名词 strength；形→名）

7. weakness（weak adj. → 名词 weakness；形→名）

8. fitness（fit adj. → 名词 fitness；形→名）

9. honesty（honest adj. → 名词 honesty；形→名）

10. pride（proud adj. → 名词 pride；形→名）

11. tired（tire v. → 分词形容词；-ed 修饰人）

12. excited（excite v. → 分词形容词；-ed 修饰人）

13. interesting（interest v. → 分词形容词；-ing 修饰物）

14. encouraged（encourage v. → 分词形容词；-ed 修饰人）

15. satisfied（satisfy v. → 分词形容词；-ed 修饰人）

16. athletic（athlete n. → 形容词 athletic；名→形）

17. energetic（energy n. → 形容词 energetic；名→形）

18. personal（person n. → 形容词 personal；名→形）

19. practical（practice n. → 形容词 practical；名→形）

20. regularly（regular adj. → 副词 regularly；形→副）

21. gradually（gradual adj. → 副词 gradually；形→副）

22. really（real adj. → 副词 really；形→副）

23. dislikes（like v. → 否定前缀 dis-，第三人称单数）

24. unable（able adj. → 否定前缀 un-）

25. impossible（possible adj. → 否定前缀 im-）

核心短语答案

1. coming along

2. works out

3. made it

4. fell apart

5. lost heart

6. give up

7. set an example

完成句子答案

1. was determined to（be determined to do 下定决心；一般过去时）

2. give up; make it（考点：give up 放弃 / make it 成功）

3. Working out（动名词作主语；考点：work out 锻炼）

4. who/that encouraged（定语从句，先行词 athlete 指人，作主语用 who/that；encourage 用过去时）

5. had been built（过去完成时的被动语态；by the end of last year 提示）

6. lose heart（lose heart 固定短语；考点：不放任自己=不灰心）

语法填空答案与解析

1. held（last month 提示一般过去时）

2. had been broken（by the time + 过去时，主句用过去完成时；record 与 break 为被动，故过去完成被动 had been broken）

3. had been training（表示"过去某时前已持续训练两年"，用过去完成进行时 had been training）

4. made（and 连接并列谓语，与 fell 一致用一般过去时）

5. excited（so ... that 中主语为人，用 -ed 形容词 excited）

6. determination（his 后接名词 determination）

7. given（had almost given up 过去完成时，give 的过去分词 given）

8. injury（old 后接名词 injury"旧伤"）

9. proud（were 后接形容词 proud；be proud of）

10. teaches（and 连接并列句，主语 sport 单数，用一般现在时 teaches）

完形填空答案与解析

1-10: B A B A B A B A B A

▪ 1. B who（定语从句指人作宾语，也可用 whom；选项中 who 最常用）

▪ 2. A kept（keep training 坚持训练）

▪ 3. B injured（受伤，与后文 rest for months 呼应）

▪ 4. A give up（许多人认为他会放弃）

▪ 5. B lost（lose heart 灰心，固定搭配）

▪ 6. A set（set an example 树立榜样）

▪ 7. B work（work out 固定搭配"锻炼/解决"，此处指坚持训练）

▪ 8. A made（make it to the top 成功登顶）

▪ 9. B failure（失败不是终点）

▪ 10. A encouraged（被他的精神鼓舞）

写作微训练范文

见「四、语篇综合专项· 写作微训练」参考范文。评分要点：① 三段式结构完整；② 正确使用时态（一般过去时）与被动语态（was encouraged / was praised）；③ 运用 give up、set an example、determination 等单元核心词汇；④ 词数 100–120，主题突出运动精神。

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