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高中英语名词词性转换(名动 / 形)

高中英语名词词性转换(名动 / 形)

1. 动词变名词(动名)

高频后缀规则:

-tion / -sion

act→action,decide→decision, express→expression

-ment

develop→development, achieve→achievement, agree→agreement

-ance / -ence

appear→appearance,exist→existence, attend→attendance

-er /-or(表人 工具)

work→worker,invent→inventor, compute→computer

真题单句练习2019・全国 III 卷・语法填空)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete) to watch.

答案解析答案:competition解析:空格前有不定冠词 an 和形容词 interesting 修饰,需填入可数名词单数;compete 为动词,通过去 加后缀 - tion 转化为名词 competition,是高考动转名考点的典型考法。

2. 名词变动词(名动)

常见转化规则:

零转化(词形不变):

water(水浇水), plant(植物种植), face(脸面对), shoulder(肩膀承担)

后缀 - en

strength→strengthen,length→lengthen, wide→widen

后缀 - ify

class→classify,beauty→beautify, simple→simplify

真题单句练习(高考改编・语法填空)We are supposed to (strength) our awareness of personal information protection.

答案解析答案:strengthen解析:空格位于情态动词 should 后,需填动词原形作谓语;strength 为名词 力量,加后缀 - en 转化为动词 strengthen(加强),是名转动词的考点。

3. 形容词变名词(形名)

高频后缀规则:

-ness

kind→kindness, happy→happiness, ill→illness

-ce / -cy

important→importance, different→difference, accurate→accuracy

-ty / -ity

safe→safety, able→ability, possible→possibility

真题单句练习2016・全国 II 卷・语法填空改编)You should fully realize the(important) of keeping a regular lifestyle.

答案解析答案:importance解析:空格前有定冠词 the,后接介词 of 构成所属结构,需填入名词;important 为形容词,通过去 加 - ce 转化为名词 importance,是形转名考查形式。

4. 名词变形容词(名形)

高频后缀规则:

-al

nature→natural,tradition→traditional, music→musical

-ful / -less

care→careful/careless, hope→hopeful/hopeless, use→useful/useless

-ous

danger→dangerous,humor→humorous, fame→famous

-y

rain→rainy, sun→sunny, luck→lucky

真题单句练习2019・全国 III 卷・语法填空改编)We enjoyed wonderful performances and learned about  (tradition) Chinese folk culture.

答案解析答案:traditional解析:空格修饰名词短语 Chinese folk culture,需填入形容词作定语;tradition 为名词,加后缀 - al 转化为形容词 traditional,是名转形考点

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