ARTICLE · 1018603
高中英语名词词性转换(名动 / 形)
1. 动词变名词(动→名)
高频后缀规则:
•-tion / -sion:
act→action,decide→decision, express→expression
•-ment:
develop→development, achieve→achievement, agree→agreement
•-ance / -ence:
appear→appearance,exist→existence, attend→attendance
•-er /-or(表人 / 工具):
work→worker,invent→inventor, compute→computer
真题单句练习(2019・全国 III 卷・语法填空)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting (compete) to watch.
答案解析答案:competition解析:空格前有不定冠词 an 和形容词 interesting 修饰,需填入可数名词单数;compete 为动词,通过去 e 加后缀 - tion 转化为名词 competition,是高考动转名考点的典型考法。
2. 名词变动词(名→动)
常见转化规则:
•零转化(词形不变):
water(水→浇水), plant(植物→种植), face(脸→面对), shoulder(肩膀→承担)
•后缀 - en:
strength→strengthen,length→lengthen, wide→widen
•后缀 - ify:
class→classify,beauty→beautify, simple→simplify
真题单句练习(高考改编・语法填空)We are supposed to (strength) our awareness of personal information protection.
答案解析答案:strengthen解析:空格位于情态动词 should 后,需填动词原形作谓语;strength 为名词 “力量”,加后缀 - en 转化为动词 strengthen(加强),是名转动词的考点。
3. 形容词变名词(形→名)
高频后缀规则:
•-ness:
kind→kindness, happy→happiness, ill→illness
•-ce / -cy:
important→importance, different→difference, accurate→accuracy
•-ty / -ity:
safe→safety, able→ability, possible→possibility
真题单句练习(2016・全国 II 卷・语法填空改编)You should fully realize the(important) of keeping a regular lifestyle.
答案解析答案:importance解析:空格前有定冠词 the,后接介词 of 构成所属结构,需填入名词;important 为形容词,通过去 t 加 - ce 转化为名词 importance,是形转名考查形式。
4. 名词变形容词(名→形)
高频后缀规则:
•-al:
nature→natural,tradition→traditional, music→musical
•-ful / -less:
care→careful/careless, hope→hopeful/hopeless, use→useful/useless
•-ous:
danger→dangerous,humor→humorous, fame→famous
•-y:
rain→rainy, sun→sunny, luck→lucky
真题单句练习(2019・全国 III 卷・语法填空改编)We enjoyed wonderful performances and learned about (tradition) Chinese folk culture.
答案解析答案:traditional解析:空格修饰名词短语 Chinese folk culture,需填入形容词作定语;tradition 为名词,加后缀 - al 转化为形容词 traditional,是名转形考点