ARTICLE · 1019907
六年级小升初英语复习重点知识点
小学英语40个重点知识点,供孩子们在复习参考!
1.一般现在时
表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) 等词连用。
结构是:
主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时,动词后加s或es.
如:Wehave an English lesson every day.我们每天都要上英语课。
Mike often plays football on the weekend.
问句借助于do, does,后面动词一定要还原。
一般疑问句:
如:Do the boys run faster than the girls? ——Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑得快吗?——是的。
Does he watch TV every day?——No,he doesn't.他每天看电视吗? ——不是。
否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t,didn't后面动词一定要还原。
如:I don'tplay ping-pong on the weekend .我在周末不打乒乓球。
She doesn't like singing.她不喜欢唱歌。
2. 现在进行时
表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,常与now,listen,look等词连用。
结构是:
主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.
如:It is raining now.外面正在下雨。
It is six o’clock now.现在6点了。
My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客厅看报纸。
Look! The children are having a running race now.看!孩子们正在赛跑。
问句将be动词移前,否定句在be动词后+not.
3.一般将来时
表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等词连用。
结构是:
主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。
如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。
The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。
Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。
问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后加not.
4. 一般过去时
表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。
结构是:
主语+be动词的过去式(was; were)或主语+动词的过去式。注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。
如:My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢。
Where were you last week? I was at a camp.你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了。
I watched TV last night .昨晚我看电视了。
What did you do yesterday?—— I visited a farm.你昨天去干嘛了?——我去参观农场了。
问句有be动词将be动词移前,没有be动词借助于did,后面动词还原;否定句有be动词在后面加not,没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。
如:I was at home yesterday.(肯定句)
I was not at home yesterday.(否定句)
I watched TV last night .(肯定句)
i didn'twatch Tv last night .(否定句)
5. 情态动词
情态动词can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may后一定加动词原形。
如:The girl can’tswim, but he can skate.女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰。
Don’t talk in class, you shouldlisten to the teacher carefully.不要在课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲。
6. 祈使句
肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。
如:Open the box for me ,please.请为我打开盒子。
Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛,明天请早点起床!
Don’t walk on the grass!不要在草地上走!
Helen! Don’t climb the tree,please.海伦!不要爬树。
7. go的用法
去干嘛用go +动词ing
如: goswimming; gofishing;
goskating; gocamping; gorunning; goskiing; ;go rowing…
8.比较问题
than 前用比较级;as…as之间用原级。
如:My mother is two years younger than my father.我妈比我爸年轻两岁。
Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远。
9. 喜欢做某事
用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动词原形。
如:Su Yang likes growing flowers.苏阳喜欢种花。
The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。
10. 想要做某事
用 would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。
例:I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum我想去参观历史博物馆。
11. some用法
some用于肯定句中,在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用some.
如:Can I have some writing paper?我可以拿一些书写纸吗?
Would you like some orange juice?你想来一些橙汁吗?
I havesome cats .(肯定句)
I don't haveany cats .(否定句)
12.代词
人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后。
如:Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。
宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。
形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是my your his her its our your their;
名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。
13. 介词
介词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词ing形式
如:be good atrunning; do well injumping。
14. 时间介词
某年、某季节,某月份、一个星期或一段时间前用介词in;
如:in 2020 ; in summer ; in March; in a week ; in a few days
具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日,某个节日前用介词on;。
如:on Saturday; on April 1st; on Wednesday
在几点钟前用介词at;
如:at a quarter to four; at four o'clock ; at 5:30
在上午、下午、晚上用in;
如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;
但在夜间用at night,在中午用at noon。
另:季节,月份和星期前不能加the.
15. 名词复数构成的方法
规则的有:
(1)直接在名词后加s
如orange—oranges; photo—photos;
(2) 以x, s, sh, ch或辅音字母加o(有生命的)结尾的加es
如:box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach--peaches,tomato— tomatoes;potato—potatoes ;mango —mangoes
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es
如:study—studies;library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families;
(4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v+es
如:knife—knives; leaf— leaves; thief—thieves(注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,)
不规则名词复数有:
man—men; woman—women;; child—children;mouse—mice; people—people; Chinese—Chinese ; Japanese—Japanese; sheep—sheep; deer—deer; fish—fish;
16. 动词第三人称单数的构成
(1)直接在动词后加s
如:run—runs; dance—dances
(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es
如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es
如:study—studies; carry—carries;
17. 现在分词的构成
(1)一般情况直接在动词后加ing
如:sing—singing; ski—skiing;
(2)重读闭音词,双写单词末尾的字母再加ing
如:swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running;
(3)以辅音字母加e结尾的去e再加ing
如:ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making;
18. 动词过去式的构成
规则的有:
(1)一般情况直接在动词后加ed
如:clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;
(2)以e结尾的直接加d
如:dance—danced; taste—tasted;
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed
如:study—studied;carry—carried;
(4)重读闭音节词,双写词尾的字母再加ed
如:stop—stopped; jog—jogged;
小学应该掌握的不规则动词过去式的有(见人教版六年级下册英语69页):
am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;等
19.形容词副词比较级的构成
有规则的有:
(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er
如;small—smaller; low—lower;
(2)以e结尾的加r
如:late—larer;large—larger
(3)重读闭音节词,双写词尾的字母再加er
如:big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;
(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er
如:heavy—heavier; early—earlier; funny—funnier
不规则形容词、副词比较级的有:
good, well—better(最高级为best); many, much— more(最高级为most); far—farther或further(最高级farthest或furthest); bad,ill—worse(最高级为worst); little—less(最高级为least)
20.rain与snow的用法
(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词
如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。
(2) 作为动词意思是下雨和下雪,有四种形式分别是:
动词原形rain;snow;第三人称单数rains ;snows;现在分词raining; snowing;过去式rained;snowed;
如:①Look! It is raining now. 瞧!天正在下雨。
②It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。
③ It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。
④It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。
(3)形容词为rainy 和snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的
如:It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。
If it is rainy tomorrow, I’ll stay at home.如果明天是有雨的,我将待在家里。
21. 比较级
注意只有同类事物才可进行比较。
如:My eyes are bigger than hers.我的眼睛比她大。
Your school bag is heavier than mine. 你的书包比我的重。
My computer is nicer than Nancy’s. 我的电脑好于nancy的电脑。
My brother is stronger than me.我的哥哥比我强壮。
get后加比较级,表示变得更怎么样,两个比较级之间用and是表示越来越怎么样。
如:The trees gettaller and taller.树变得越来越高。
22.have, has用法
表示某人有某物用have或has(has用于第三人称单数)
如: I have a pen .我有一支钢笔。
Sarah has many books.萨拉有许多书。
23.there be句的用法
There is/ are;There was/ were 表示某地有某物。
注意There be 句型有就近原则,
(1)单数或不可数前用there is /was;
①there is用在一般现在时,
如:There is a ruler in the pencil-box.在铅笔盒里有一把尺子。(可数名词单数)
There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。(不可数名词)
②there was 用在过去时
如:There was an apple on the table just now.刚才在桌子上有一个苹果。
(2)复数用there are/ were.
①There are 用在一般现在时
如:There are some books in the schoolbag.在书包里有一些书。
②There were 用在一般过去时
There were many people in the park last weekend.上个周末在公园里有许多人。
24. 本身就是复数的词
眼镜glasses; 耳机earphones; 鞋shoes;裤子trousers;短裤shorts等词本身是复数;
如:My glasses were on the chair just now.我的眼镜现在在椅子上。
但如果表示这双,这对,一双的时候用单数如:
There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. 盘里有一双筷子。
This pair of earphones is for you.这一副耳机是送给你的
25. 五个元音字母
分别是Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;
26.一个的用法
a用于辅音前不是辅音字母前;an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。
如:There is an ’s’, a ‘t’, a ‘u’, a ‘d’ ,an ‘e’, an ‘n’,and a ‘t’ in the word ‘student’.
27. 时间表示法
有两种:
(1)直接读时钟和分钟。
如6:10读成 six ten; 7:30读成seven thirty; 8:45读成eight forty-five;
(2)用to与past表示。
在半小时或半小时以内用几分past几点。
如:6:10读成ten past six; 7:30读成half past seven;
超过了半小时,用下一个钟点差几分,用to;
如:7:45读成a quarter to eight; 9:50读成ten to ten;
28. 基数词变序数词的方法
基数词变序数词有规律,结尾加上th;
如:four—fourth; six—sixth;seven—seventh等
一二三特殊,one—first, two—second, three—third;
八去t, 九去e, ve要用f替(即eigh—eighth; nine—ninth; five-- fifth ;twelve—twelfth);
ty改y为ie后加th别忘记(即整十数如twenty—twentieth;forty—fortieth);
几十几,十位为基数个位为序数(如第二十一为twenty-first)。
另外强调序数词前一定要加the。
29. 日期的表示法
(1)用the+序数词+ of +月
如:三月三日 the third of March;12月25日 the 25th of December.
(2)用月+序数词缩写形式
如:四月六日 April 6th;6月2日June 2nd.
30.both
表示两者都
如:My parents are both teachers.我的父母都是老师。
all表示三者以上都
如:The students are all very excited.学生们都很兴奋。
31. 节日的表示法
有day的节日前用on.没有day的节日前用at;
如:at Christmas; on Christmas Day; at New Year; on New Year’s Day.(节日的每个单词的第一个字母要大写)
32.激动兴奋的
excited表示激动的,兴奋的主语是人;exciting表示令人激动的,令人兴奋的主语是事情;
如:The running race is very exciting, so all the students are very excited.赛跑非常令人激动,因此所有的学生都很激动。
33. 比较
两者比较用比较级,三者以上比较用最高级。
如:Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does谁跑得更快,男孩还是女孩?男孩。
Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.你最喜欢哪个季节?我最喜欢秋天。
Which season do you like better, summer or winter? I like winter better.你更喜欢哪个季节,夏天还是冬天?我更喜欢冬天。
34. 动词还原的用法
前面用了do, does did, don’t, doesn’t didn’t后面动词要还原。
如:Did she watch TV last night?她昨晚看电视了吗?
Helen doesn’tlike taking photos.Helen不喜欢拍照。
35. 到了
到达用get to,但注意到家,到这儿,到那儿不可以加to。
如:get home; get here; get there,另外go home; come here; go there也一样。
36. 长着和穿着
长着什么用with;
如:the girl with big eyes 大眼睛的女孩;
穿着什么用in;
如:the man in black穿黑衣服的男人或:the woman in the white skirt 穿白色短裙的妇女
37. 让某人做某事
用let sb后加动词原形;
如:Let’s water the flowers together.我们一起来浇花吧。
是该做…的时候了用It’s time for+名词或It’s time to +动词原形;
如:It's time forlunch .该吃午饭了。
It's time tohave lunch .该吃午饭了。
帮助某人做某事是help sb with sth;
如:帮我学英语是 help me with my English
38. 东西在树上
外来的东西在树上用in the tree;
如:The bird is in the tree 小鸟在树上。
树上长的用on the tree;
如:There are many apples on the apple tree .在苹果树上有许多苹果。
39. 运动和乐器
球类之前不加the;乐器之前必须加the
如:play the piano弹钢琴; play football踢足球
40. 一周中的第一天是Sunday星期日,最后一天是Saturday星期六; 一年中的第一个月是January。
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