ARTICLE · 1352244
小学英语800核心词全清单(带中文释义):吃透这800词,初中词汇量直接继承
听晴姐说
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按主题分类,英文+中文,附三层掌握标准
先看一组让小学家长坐不住的数字。
2022版新课标落地后,初中毕业词汇量要求从旧课标的1500至1600词,提升到1800至2000词,加上拓展词可达2600词上下。小学课标约800词,也就是说,初中要新增的词汇量,差不多是小学全部词汇的两倍,而时间只有小学的一半,科目还从3门主科变成7门。
那些初中英语突然掉下来的孩子,问题往往不在初中,而在小学阶段的词汇底子没有打成可扩展的结构。
这800词,就是小学和初中之间的词汇接口。接口打牢了,初中课文里每个句子都是老朋友;接口没打牢,每个句子都藏着半生不熟的词。
1. 人与家庭(62词)
| family | father | ||
| mother | parent | ||
| grandpa | grandma | ||
| grandfather | grandmother | ||
| brother | sister | ||
| son | daughter | ||
| uncle | aunt | ||
| cousin | baby | ||
| child | children | ||
| boy | girl | ||
| man | men | ||
| woman | women | ||
| people | person | ||
| friend | classmate | ||
| neighbour | teacher | ||
| student | pupil | ||
| doctor | nurse | ||
| driver | farmer | ||
| worker | cook | ||
| police | policeman | ||
| policewoman | fireman | ||
| postman | cleaner | ||
| waiter | waitress | ||
| boss | king | ||
| queen | prince | ||
| princess | hero | ||
| star | guest | ||
| husband | wife | ||
| grandson | granddaughter | ||
| twins | adult | ||
| kid | teenager |
2. 身体与外貌(32词)
| head | hair | ||
| face | eye | ||
| ear | nose | ||
| mouth | tooth | ||
| teeth | tongue | ||
| neck | shoulder | ||
| arm | hand | ||
| finger | leg | ||
| knee | foot | ||
| feet | toe | ||
| heart | blood | ||
| body | healthy | ||
| sick | ill | ||
| strong | weak | ||
| tall | short | ||
| fat | thin |
3. 学校与学习(71词)
| school | classroom | ||
| office | library | ||
| playground | lab | ||
| desk | chair | ||
| blackboard | book | ||
| notebook | dictionary | ||
| pen | pencil | ||
| eraser | ruler | ||
| bag | backpack | ||
| sharpener | glue | ||
| scissors | tape | ||
| crayon | schoolbag | ||
| map | picture | ||
| card | letter | ||
| word | sentence | ||
| story | poem | ||
| text | page | ||
| lesson | class | ||
| subject | Chinese | ||
| Maths | English | ||
| Science | Music | ||
| Art | PE | ||
| History | Geography | ||
| timetable | homework | ||
| test | exam | ||
| grade | read | ||
| write | listen | ||
| speak | learn | ||
| study | teach | ||
| practice | remember | ||
| forget | understand | ||
| question | answer | ||
| spell | count | ||
| draw | paint | ||
| sing | dance | ||
| play |
4. 食物与餐饮(64词)
| food | rice | ||
| bread | noodle | ||
| noodles | dumpling | ||
| meat | beef | ||
| pork | chicken | ||
| fish | egg | ||
| milk | water | ||
| juice | tea | ||
| coffee | soup | ||
| vegetable | carrot | ||
| potato | tomato | ||
| cabbage | onion | ||
| bean | fruit | ||
| apple | banana | ||
| orange | pear | ||
| grape | watermelon | ||
| strawberry | cake | ||
| candy | chocolate | ||
| cream | cookie | ||
| pie | breakfast | ||
| lunch | dinner | ||
| meal | hungry | ||
| thirsty | full | ||
| delicious | sweet | ||
| sour | salty | ||
| hot | eat | ||
| drink | taste | ||
| bowl | plate | ||
| cup | glass | ||
| chopsticks | fork | ||
| knife | spoon | ||
| table | restaurant |
5. 时间与日期(52词)
| time | second | ||
| minute | hour | ||
| day | week | ||
| month | year | ||
| today | tomorrow | ||
| yesterday | now | ||
| soon | later | ||
| morning | afternoon | ||
| evening | night | ||
| noon | midnight | ||
| weekend | weekday | ||
| Monday | Tuesday | ||
| Wednesday | Thursday | ||
| Friday | Saturday | ||
| Sunday | January | ||
| February | March | ||
| April | May | ||
| June | July | ||
| August | September | ||
| October | November | ||
| December | date | ||
| season | spring | ||
| summer | autumn | ||
| fall | winter | ||
| holiday | birthday | ||
| festival | party |
6. 天气与自然(49词)
| weather | sun | ||
| sunny | rain | ||
| rainy | snow | ||
| snowy | wind | ||
| windy | cloud | ||
| cloudy | storm | ||
| fog | foggy | ||
| warm | cool | ||
| cold | dry | ||
| wet | temperature | ||
| degree | light | ||
| world | earth | ||
| moon | sky | ||
| air | fire | ||
| river | lake | ||
| sea | ocean | ||
| mountain | hill | ||
| tree | flower | ||
| grass | plant | ||
| forest | wood | ||
| field | ground | ||
| stone | sand | ||
| island | beach | ||
| park | garden | ||
| nature |
7. 颜色与衣物(35词)
| colour | red | ||
| blue | yellow | ||
| green | black | ||
| white | purple | ||
| pink | brown | ||
| grey | gold | ||
| silver | clothes | ||
| shirt | T-shirt | ||
| dress | skirt | ||
| trousers | pants | ||
| shorts | jeans | ||
| coat | jacket | ||
| sweater | hat | ||
| cap | shoe | ||
| socks | glove | ||
| scarf | glasses | ||
| watch | wear | ||
| on |
8. 动物与昆虫(38词)
| animal | cat | ||
| dog | pig | ||
| cow | sheep | ||
| goat | horse | ||
| duck | bird | ||
| rabbit | mouse | ||
| mice | lion | ||
| tiger | elephant | ||
| monkey | panda | ||
| bear | wolf | ||
| fox | deer | ||
| snake | frog | ||
| turtle | butterfly | ||
| bee | ant | ||
| spider | fly | ||
| insect | pet | ||
| zoo | farm | ||
| wild | tail | ||
| wing | feather |
9. 动作与日常(59词)
| go | come | ||
| walk | run | ||
| jump | swim | ||
| ride | drive | ||
| sit | stand | ||
| sleep | wake | ||
| wash | clean | ||
| buy | sell | ||
| give | take | ||
| bring | get | ||
| make | do | ||
| have | catch | ||
| see | look | ||
| hear | smell | ||
| touch | feel | ||
| try | start | ||
| begin | stop | ||
| finish | wait | ||
| help | call | ||
| visit | travel | ||
| climb | throw | ||
| push | pull | ||
| open | close | ||
| turn | knock | ||
| borrow | lend | ||
| return | send | ||
| pass | carry | ||
| hold | hide | ||
| find | lose | ||
| drop |
10. 情绪与功能词(183词)
| happy | sad | ||
| angry | afraid | ||
| scared | worried | ||
| nervous | excited | ||
| surprised | tired | ||
| bored | lonely | ||
| proud | shy | ||
| love | like | ||
| enjoy | hate | ||
| dislike | want | ||
| need | hope | ||
| wish | dream | ||
| think | know | ||
| guess | believe | ||
| can | could | ||
| will | would | ||
| shall | should | ||
| must | might | ||
| to | better | ||
| let | allow | ||
| I | you | ||
| he | she | ||
| it | we | ||
| they | me | ||
| him | her | ||
| us | them | ||
| my | your | ||
| his | its | ||
| our | their | ||
| mine | yours | ||
| ours | theirs | ||
| this | that | ||
| these | those | ||
| here | there | ||
| where | when | ||
| why | what | ||
| who | how | ||
| which | whose | ||
| a | an | ||
| the | and | ||
| or | but | ||
| so | because | ||
| if | after | ||
| before | during | ||
| in | at | ||
| under | over | ||
| above | below | ||
| between | among | ||
| behind | beside | ||
| near | of | ||
| inside | outside | ||
| up | down | ||
| off | from | ||
| into | onto | ||
| through | across | ||
| around | along | ||
| with | without | ||
| about | for | ||
| by | yes | ||
| no | not | ||
| very | too | ||
| also | either | ||
| again | back | ||
| still | yet | ||
| already | just | ||
| only | even | ||
| almost | nearly | ||
| quite | rather | ||
| enough | more | ||
| most | less | ||
| least | much | ||
| many | some | ||
| any | all | ||
| both | each | ||
| every | neither | ||
| none | other | ||
| another | such | ||
| same | different | ||
| number | first | ||
| third | last | ||
| next | dear | ||
| oh | ah | ||
| wow | hurry | ||
| move | rest | ||
| work | job | ||
| pay | cost | ||
| spend | save | ||
| worry | smile | ||
| laugh | cry | ||
| shout | whisper | ||
| agree | refuse | ||
| promise |
11. 家居与物品(35词)
| home | house | ||
| room | door | ||
| window | floor | ||
| wall | ceiling | ||
| roof | key | ||
| lock | money | ||
| price | shop | ||
| store | market | ||
| telephone | computer | ||
| phone | TV | ||
| radio | camera | ||
| game | toy | ||
| gift | present | ||
| internet | |||
| online | problem | ||
| trouble | idea | ||
| way | road | ||
| street |
12. 地点与交通(33词)
| city | town | ||
| village | country | ||
| life | live | ||
| die | grow | ||
| change | become | ||
| keep | stay | ||
| leave | arrive | ||
| use | name | ||
| bus | car | ||
| bike | train | ||
| plane | ship | ||
| boat | subway | ||
| taxi | station | ||
| airport | hospital | ||
| bank | hotel | ||
| museum | cinema | ||
| supermarket |
13. 形容词与描述(36词)
| good | bad | ||
| big | small | ||
| long | high | ||
| low | fast | ||
| slow | early | ||
| late | easy | ||
| hard | difficult | ||
| important | beautiful | ||
| ugly | dirty | ||
| new | old | ||
| young | free | ||
| busy | quiet | ||
| loud | nice | ||
| kind | clever | ||
| smart | funny | ||
| interesting | boring | ||
| great | fine | ||
| well | best |
14. 数字与序数(22词)
| one | two | ||
| three | four | ||
| five | six | ||
| seven | eight | ||
| nine | ten | ||
| eleven | twelve | ||
| thirteen | fifteen | ||
| twenty | thirty | ||
| forty | fifty | ||
| hundred | thousand | ||
| million | zero |
15. 日常表达与高频短语(29词)
| OK | welcome | ||
| sorry | thank | ||
| please | hello | ||
| hi | goodbye | ||
| bye | see you | ||
| Merry Christmas | Happy New Year | ||
| excuse me | of course | ||
| maybe | really | ||
| sure | done | ||
| ready | careful | ||
| dangerous | safe | ||
| possible | famous | ||
| popular | wonderful | ||
| terrible | lucky | ||
| unlucky |
吃透800词的三层标准
第一层,音形义绑定。听到发音能写出来,看到拼写能读出来,放在句子里能判断词性,这三件事绑在一起,才算真正认识。
第二层,主题归类。孤立背词忘得最快。按主题成组记,食物一类、情绪一类、学校一类,词和词互相挂住,回忆时是一个网络,不是一座座孤岛。
第三层,语境运用。选词填空、完形填空、首字母填空,考的都是这个词在这个位置对不对。每个词都带一个典型句子一起记,让词长在句子里。
最后的时间窗口
一到二年级是启蒙期,三四年级是稳步期,五六年级是加速救援窗口。这是词汇积累最后一个还能用相对轻松的方式完成质变的阶段。到了初中,科目密度、阅读量要求(初中课外阅读量要求达到15万词以上)一起压上来,再想补词汇,就只能从睡眠里挤时间。
所以这份清单不要一次背完。每天一个主题,先背最高频的部分,第二天遮住中文自测,周末把错的词挑出来重过一遍。
这份清单可以直接截图或打印,不必等资料包。晴姐会持续整理小学各科实用干货,家里有小学生,记得常来翻翻。
你家孩子背单词,是「今天背明天忘」,还是「会认不会写」?留言说说卡在哪一步,我下期按问题类型给记忆方法。
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陪孩子长大,也陪自己长大















































































