(附试题下载)高质量阅读 — 26届重庆巴蜀中学月考七


https://pan.quark.cn/s/25757ded4454



VPPs are a network of distributed energy resources (DERs) — energy solutions such as solar and battery systems, smart thermostats, and electric vehicles installed at or close to homes and businesses
这种"术语+破折号释义"的写法,完全符合高考科普文的标准处理方式,不构成理解障碍,反而是训练学生"跳过术语抓逻辑"的好素材。




【长难句分析】
【原句1】Virtual power plants (VPPs) are a network of distributed energy resources (DERs) — energy solutions such as solar and battery systems, smart thermostats, and electric vehicles installed at or close to homes and businesses — that can help balance electricity demand and supply.
【分析】本句主干为Virtual power plants (VPPs) are a network of distributed energy resources (DERs),是一个主系表结构。
破折号之间的部分energy solutions such as... businesses是DERs的同位语,用于具体解释 DERs 包括哪些能源解决方案。其中:
such as 引导举例,列举 solar and battery systems, smart thermostats, and electric vehicles;
installed at or close to homes and businesses 是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰前面列举的所有设备,表示“安装在家庭或企业附近”。
句末的that can help balance electricity demand and supply是定语从句,修饰整个a network of DERs,说明这种网络的功能是“帮助平衡电力供需”。
【句意】虚拟电厂是一个由分布式能源资源构成的网络——这些能源解决方案包括太阳能与电池系统、智能恒温器、电动汽车等,安装在家庭或企业附近——该网络能够帮助平衡电力供需。
【原句2】So, in periods of high demand, VPPs can dispatch power from DERs to boost the supply from utility-scale generation, allowing utilities to rely on a more diverse set of generation sources across a broader geography.
【分析】本句主干为VPPs can dispatch power from DERs。
·in periods of high demand是时间状语;
·to boost the supply from utility-scale generation是不定式作目的状语,表示调度电能的目的;
·allowing utilities to rely on... geography是现在分词短语作结果状语,说明 VPP 调度电能所带来的结果。其中:
to rely on a more diverse set of generation sources 是不定式作宾语补足语;
across a broader geography 是介词短语作地点状语,修饰 rely on... sources。
【句意】因此,在用电高峰期间,虚拟电厂可以调度分布式能源的电能,以增强来自公用事业规模发电的供应,从而使电力公司能够依赖更广泛地理区域内更多样化的发电来源。
【原句3】However, further regulatory and lawmaking efforts are necessary to enable these programs to be created and grow.
【分析】本句主干为further regulatory and lawmaking efforts are necessary,为主系表结构。
regulatory and lawmaking是并列形容词,修饰 efforts;
to enable these programs to be created and grow是不定式短语作目的状语,说明“需要进一步努力”的目的。
其中:
enable these programs to be created and grow 是 enable + 宾语 + 不定式补足语结构;
to be created 和 (to) grow 是并列的不定式,作 programs 的补足语,grow 前省略了 to,属于并列不定式中的省略现象。
【拓展】
regulatory 指“监管的”,lawmaking 指“立法的”,两者常一起出现,表示政策与法律层面的支持。
enable sth. to do 意为“使某事能够做……”。
to be created 是被动不定式,因为 programs 是被创建;grow 是主动不定式,因为 programs 自身发展。
【句意】然而,需要进一步的监管和立法努力,才能使这些项目得以创建并发展壮大。

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