40篇短文搞定初中英语2000词!第7篇:健康志愿家务建议,八年级下册核心词汇

初中英语全册单词 · 40篇短文速记系列 · 第 7 篇

考频标注：5 极高频必背4 高频重点3 中频2 低频1 极少- 未收录

欢迎来到《40篇短文搞定初中英语全册词汇》系列第7篇！本篇进入八年级下册核心词汇，涵盖四大主题：健康与疾病、志愿与帮助、家务与请求、问题与建议。

这些主题贴近初中生的真实生活和心理，是中考完形填空和书面表达的高频话题。每篇短文融入约50个核心单词，配合彩色考频标注，让你在语境中高效记忆。

坚持背诵，40天攻克初中全册词汇！收藏本文，随时复习。

短文 25：What's the Matter? 健康与疾病

📖 短文内容

What's the matter? I have a stomachache. You should lie down and rest. You shouldn't eat anything for two hours. I have a sorethroat. You should drink some hot tea with honey. I have a toothache. You should see a dentist. I have a fever. You should take your temperature and drink lots of water. I have a cold. I have a cough and a runny nose. You should take some medicine and go to bed early. If you don't feel better, you should go to the hospital. Accidents happen too. Someone fell down and hurt his leg. We should put a bandage on it. Someone got hit by a ball. We should take him to the hospital right away. It is important to take care of your health. Eat well, exercise often, and get enough sleep. If you are sick, don't wait — see a doctor!

📝 参考翻译

怎么了？我胃痛。你应该躺下休息。你两小时内不应该吃任何东西。 我喉咙痛。你应该喝点加蜂蜜的热茶。我牙痛。你应该去看牙医。我发烧了。你应该量体温，多喝水。 我感冒了。我咳嗽，流鼻涕。你应该吃点药，早点睡觉。如果你感觉不好转，你应该去医院。 意外也会发生。有人摔倒了，伤了腿。我们应该用绷带包扎。有人被球砸到了。我们应该马上送他去医院。 照顾好你的健康很重要。吃得好，经常锻炼，睡眠充足。如果你生病了，不要等——去看医生！

🔑 重点词汇讲解

What's the matter?

句型：What's the matter (with you)? = What's wrong (with you)? = What's the trouble? 你怎么了？回答：I have a headache/stomachache/toothache/fever/cold/cough/sore throat.注意：matter 前必须加 the。

have a stomachache

疾病表达：have a + 疾病名词。如 have a headache 头痛；have a stomachache 胃痛；have a toothache 牙痛；have a fever 发烧；have a cold 感冒；have a cough 咳嗽。注意：sore throat 喉咙痛（用 sore，不用 have a）。

should / shouldn't

用法：情态动词，"应该/不应该"，表建议或义务，后接动词原形。句型：You should do sth. 你应该做某事。You shouldn't do sth. 你不应该做某事。延伸：should have done 本应该做（但没做）。

lie down

短语：lie down 躺下。延伸：lie in bed 躺在床上；lie on the floor 躺在地板上。注意：lie（躺）的过去式 lay，过去分词 lain，现在分词 lying。lie（说谎）的过去式 lied。

dentist /'dentist/

搭配：see a dentist 看牙医；go to the dentist 去看牙医。延伸：dental adj. 牙齿的（dental care 牙齿护理）。同类：doctor 医生；nurse 护士；patient 病人。

take your temperature

短语：take one's temperature 量体温。延伸：take medicine 吃药；take a rest 休息；take a deep breath 深呼吸。注意："吃药"用 take medicine，不用 eat medicine。

bandage /'bændidʒ/

一词多义：n. 绷带；v. 用绷带包扎（bandage the leg 包扎腿）。搭配：put a bandage on... 用绷带包扎……。延伸：first aid 急救；wound n. 伤口；bleed v. 流血。

take care of

短语：take care of = look after 照顾，照料。搭配：take care of your health 照顾你的健康；take care of yourself 照顾好你自己。延伸：take care 小心，保重；careful adj. 小心的。

📋 单词列表（第 1-55 词，共 55 词）

短文 26：I Want to Help Others 志愿与帮助

📖 短文内容

I want to volunteer my time to help others. I could work in an old people's home. I can read the newspaper to the old people and talk to them. They are lonely and need someone to listen. I could also help kids learn to read. I can volunteer at an after-school program. I will help them with their homework and play games with them. It is a good way to make a difference. We need to come up with a plan. We could put up signs and hand out notices. We could call up friends and ask them to help. We could set up a fundraising event. Many people will give away money and clothes. Helping others is rewarding. You get a strongfeeling of satisfaction. The look of joy on people's faces is the best reward. I will continue to volunteer. Will you join me? Together, we can make our community a better place!"

📝 参考翻译

我想自愿花时间帮助别人。我可以在养老院工作。我可以给老人读报纸，和他们聊天。他们很孤独，需要有人倾听。 我也可以帮助孩子学习阅读。我可以在课后项目中做志愿者。我会帮助他们做作业，和他们玩游戏。这是一个产生影响的好方法。 我们需要想出一个计划。我们可以张贴标语，分发通知。我们可以打电话给朋友，请他们帮忙。我们可以组织一个筹款活动。很多人会捐钱和衣服。 帮助别人是有回报的。你会得到一种强烈的满足感。人们脸上喜悦的表情是最好的回报。我会继续做志愿者。你愿意加入我吗？ 一起，我们可以让我们的社区变得更美好！

🔑 重点词汇讲解

volunteer /,vɔlən'tiə/

一词多义：n. 志愿者；v. 自愿做（volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事）。搭配：volunteer at an old people's home 在养老院做志愿者；volunteer work 志愿工作。延伸：voluntary adj. 自愿的。

come up with

短语：come up with 想出，提出（主意、计划等）。例句：come up with a plan 想出一个计划。延伸：come up 出现，发生；come across 偶遇；come out 出版，出来。近义词：think up, think of。

put up

短语：put up 张贴，搭建，举起。搭配：put up signs 张贴标语；put up a tent 搭帐篷；put up your hand 举手。延伸：put off 推迟；put on 穿上；put out 扑灭；put away 收好。

hand out

短语：hand out = give out 分发，发放。搭配：hand out notices 分发通知；hand out food 分发食物。延伸：hand in 上交；hand over 移交；hand down 传下去。反义：hand in 上交（不是反义，是不同动作）。

call up

短语：call up 打电话给……，征召。搭配：call up friends 打电话给朋友。延伸：call back 回电话；call off 取消；call on 拜访，号召。注意：代词放中间：call him up。

set up

短语：set up 建立，设立，组织。搭配：set up a fundraising event 组织筹款活动；set up a company 建立公司。延伸：set off 出发，引爆；set out 出发，开始；set aside 留出。

give away

短语：give away 赠送，捐赠，泄露。搭配：give away money and clothes 捐钱和衣服；give away a secret 泄露秘密。延伸：give up 放弃；give in 屈服；give out 分发；give back 归还。

satisfaction /,sætis'fækʃn/

构词：satisfy（使满意）+ -action（名词后缀）= 满意，满足。搭配：a feeling of satisfaction 满足感；to one's satisfaction 令某人满意的是。延伸：satisfy v. 使满意；satisfied adj. 满意的；satisfying adj. 令人满意的。

📋 单词列表（第 56-105 词，共 50 词）

短文 27：Could You Please Clean Your Room? 家务与请求

📖 短文内容

Could you please clean your room? Sure, Mom. I will do it right away. Could you please take out the rubbish? No problem. I will take it out after I finish my homework. Could I go out for dinner with my friends? Sure, that should be OK. But you have to come back before 10:00 p.m. Could I borrow some money? Why? I want to buy a new book. OK, here you are. I hate doing chores. I have to make the bed, fold the clothes, and sweep the floor every day. My brother has to do the dishes and take out the rubbish. We share the housework. It is fair to share chores. Everyone should help out at home. Doing chores teaches responsibility. It also helps us learn to be independent. Could you please help me with the cooking? Sure, I can wash the vegetables. Thanks. You are a good kid!

📝 参考翻译

你能打扫你的房间吗？当然，妈妈。我马上做。你能把垃圾拿出去吗？没问题。我做完作业后拿出去。 我可以和朋友出去吃晚饭吗？当然，应该可以。但你必须在晚上10点前回来。我可以借点钱吗？为什么？我想买一本新书。好的，给你。 我讨厌做家务。我每天都要整理床铺、叠衣服、扫地。我弟弟要洗碗、倒垃圾。我们分担家务。 分担家务是公平的。每个人都应该在家里帮忙。做家务教会责任感。它也帮助我们学会独立。 你能帮我做饭吗？当然，我可以洗蔬菜。谢谢。你是个好孩子！

🔑 重点词汇讲解

Could you please...?

句型：Could you please do sth.? 请你做某事好吗？（委婉请求）肯定回答：Sure. / No problem. / Of course.否定回答：Sorry, I can't. / I'm afraid not.注意：could 比 can 更委婉，please 后接动词原形。

take out the rubbish

短语：take out the rubbish 倒垃圾。延伸：take out 拿出，取出；take out a book 拿出一本书。注意：rubbish 垃圾（英式）；trash/garbage 垃圾（美式）。同类家务：do the dishes 洗碗；sweep the floor 扫地；make the bed 整理床铺。

hate /heit/

搭配：hate doing sth. = hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事。反义：love/like/enjoy doing 喜欢做。延伸：hatred n. 憎恨，仇恨。注意：hate 语气较强，表示"憎恨，讨厌"；dislike 语气较弱，表示"不喜欢"。

do the dishes

短语：do the dishes 洗碗。延伸：do the cooking 做饭；do the laundry 洗衣服；do the cleaning 打扫卫生。注意：dishes 永远用复数形式。同类：wash the dishes 洗碗（更口语）。

fold /fəuld/

搭配：fold the clothes 叠衣服；fold a letter 折信。延伸：unfold v. 展开，打开。注意：fold 可作及物和不及物动词。过去式：folded（规则变化）。

sweep /swi:p/

搭配：sweep the floor 扫地；sweep away 扫走，清除。过去式：swept（不规则变化）；过去分词：swept。延伸：broom n. 扫帚；clean v. 打扫（更通用）。

fair /feə/

一词多义：adj. 公平的，合理的（It's fair. 这很公平。）；adj. 浅色的（fair hair 金发）；n. 集市，展览会（a book fair 书展）。反义：unfair 不公平的。延伸：fairly adv. 相当地，公平地。

independent /,indi'pendənt/

构词：in-（否定前缀）+ dependent（依赖的）= 独立的。搭配：be independent of 独立于……；learn to be independent 学会独立。延伸：independence n. 独立（Independence Day 独立日）；depend v. 依赖（depend on 依靠）。

📋 单词列表（第 106-140 词，共 35 词）

短文 28：What Should I Do? 问题与建议

📖 短文内容

What's wrong? I am stressed out. I have too much homework every day. I don't get enough sleep. My parents push me too hard. They always compare me with other kids. Why don't you talk to your parents? You should tell them how you feel. Maybe they don't know you are under so much pressure. You could also learn to relax. Take a break after studying for an hour. I argued with my best friend. What should I do? You should say sorry first. You could write her a letter or send her a message. Friendship is more important than being right. I am shy and I don't know how to make friends. You should join a club. You could try talking to someone who looks friendly. Smile and be yourself. People will like you for who you are. Everyone has problems. The key is to face them and find solutions. Don't be afraid to ask for help. You are not alone!

📝 参考翻译

怎么了？我压力很大。我每天作业太多。我睡眠不足。我父母逼我太紧。他们总是拿我和其他孩子比较。 你为什么不和你父母谈谈？你应该告诉他们你的感受。也许他们不知道你压力这么大。你也可以学会放松。学习一小时后休息一下。 我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办？你应该先说对不起。你可以给她写封信或发个信息。友谊比争对错更重要。 我很害羞，不知道怎么交朋友。你应该加入一个俱乐部。你可以试着和看起来友好的人交谈。微笑，做你自己。人们会喜欢真实的你。 每个人都有问题。关键是面对它们，找到解决方案。不要害怕寻求帮助。你并不孤单！

🔑 重点词汇讲解

stressed out

短语：stressed out 压力过大的，紧张的。搭配：be/get stressed out 压力大。延伸：stress n. 压力（under stress 在压力下）；stressful adj. 有压力的（a stressful job）。近义词：nervous 紧张的；worried 担心的。

too much / too many

辨析：too much 太多（修饰不可数名词，如 too much homework）；too many 太多（修饰可数名词复数，如 too many books）；much too 太……（修饰形容词/副词，如 much too tired）。注意：位置不同，意思不同。

compare... with...

搭配：compare A with B 把A和B比较（同类比较）；compare A to B 把A比作B（比喻）。延伸：comparison n. 比较（by comparison 相比之下）；compared with/to 与……相比（作状语）。

Why don't you...?

建议句型：Why don't you do sth.? = Why not do sth.? 为什么不做某事呢？其他建议句型：You should do sth. 你应该做某事。You could do sth. 你可以做某事。What/How about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样？Let's do sth. 让我们做某事。

under pressure

短语：under pressure 在压力下。搭配：be under too much pressure 压力太大；put pressure on sb. 给某人施压。延伸：pressure n. 压力（mental pressure 精神压力）；press v. 按压。近义词：stress n. 压力。

argue with

搭配：argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论某事。延伸：argument n. 争论，论点。近义词：quarrel with 与……吵架（语气更强）；discuss 讨论（中性）。注意：argue 重音在第一音节。

say sorry

短语：say sorry (to sb.) （向某人）道歉。延伸：make an apology 道歉（正式）；apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉。注意：sorry 是形容词，"对不起的"，用 say sorry 表示"说对不起"。

solution /sə'lu:ʃn/

构词：solve（解决）+ -ution（名词后缀）= 解决方案。搭配：find a solution 找到解决方案；a solution to the problem 问题的解决方案（注意用 to）。延伸：solve v. 解决（solve a problem）；solved adj. 已解决的。

📋 单词列表（第 141-184 词，共 44 词）

💪 坚持就是胜利！

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