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练习 18 阅读理解＋读后续写
授课提示：对应学生用书42页
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2024·贵阳质量监测 应用文 302词 ★★★☆☆
Xi'an，as the longestrunning capital in ancient China, has shaped the country's culture and
history. With a history of over 3, 000 years, it has given birth to many dynasties. If planning a
short tour, be sure to visit the recommended attractions that truly capture the spirit of this ancient
city.
The Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Army is a remarkable archaeological find and a popular tourist destination in
China. Constructed by Emperor Qin Shihuang in the 3rd century BC, it features lifesize terracotta
soldiers, horses, and chariots arranged in battle formation. The museum houses three vaults (墓穴)
and an exhibition hall, with Vault One being the largest, displaying over 6，000 figures. These
sculptures offer insights of high value into ancient China's history, military, and culture.
Xi'an Ancient City Wall
Xi'an Ancient City Wall was built in the 14th century by Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of
the Ming Dynasty (1368—1644) as a military defence system. Now it is one of the oldest and
bestpreserved Chinese city walls. The wall is now a landmark, dividing the city into inner and
outer areas. When you take a stroll or cycle on the massive wall, you can enjoy a good view of the
city, the moat (护城河) and the watchtowers.
Giant Wild Goose Pagoda
The Giant Wild Goose Pagoda in China was built during the Tang Dynasty as a study place
for Buddhist texts. It stored sutras(佛经)and sculptures brought from India by Monk Xuan Zang,
who translated scriptures here for 19 years. Situated in Da Ci'en Temple, the pagoda's impressive
brick structure reflects traditional Chinese architecture, creating a solemn and magnificent
atmosphere.
Shaanxi History Museum
The Shaanxi History Museum displays 370，000 relics found in Shaanxi, China, including
bronze ware(青铜器), pottery figures，gold and silverware, and Tang Dynasty murals. 18 pieces
are national treasures. Xi'an, the former capital, has many historical sites. The museum is divided
into three sections, exhibiting artifacts from primitive eras to the late Qing Dynasty.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章讲述了西安旅游景点。
1．Which of the following attractions was built as a military defence system?
A．The Terracotta Army.
B．Xi'an Ancient City Wall.
C．Giant Wild Goose Pagoda.D．Shaanxi History Museum.
答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据 Xi'an Ancient City Wall部分中的“Xi'an Ancient
City Wall was built in the 14th century...as a military defence system.”可知，西安古城墙始建于
14世纪，由明朝(1368—1644)第一位皇帝朱元璋修建，作为军事防御系统，也就是说西安
古城墙是作为军事防御系统建造的。 故选B。
2．What do the Terracotta Army and Xi'an Ancient City Wall have in common?
A．They were built at the same period.
B．They both divide the city into two areas.
C．They were both built by emperors.
D．They both offer a good view of the city.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。The Terracotta Army中讲到兵马俑由秦始皇于公元前3
世纪建造；Xi'an Ancient City Wall中讲到西安古城墙始建于14世纪，由明朝(1368—1644)
第一位皇帝朱元璋修建。由此可知，兵马俑和西安古城墙的共同之处是它们都是由皇帝组
建的。故选C。 A项“它们是在同一时期建造的”，B项“它们都将城市分为两个区域”，
C项“它们都是由皇帝组建的”，D项“它们都提供了城市的美景”。
3．What can we know about the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda?
A．It was built during the Tang Dynasty.
B．It was brought from India by Xuan Zang.
C．It was written in the Buddhist texts.
D．It was used as a study place for goose.
答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据 Giant Wild Goose Pagoda 部分中的“The Giant
Wild Goose Pagoda in China was built during the Tang Dynasty”可知，中国的大雁塔建于唐代。
故选A。
B
2024·合肥高三质检 说明文 290词 ★★☆☆☆
Greenland holds enough ice to raise global sea level by 7 meters if it were all to melt (融化).
The sheet currently loses around 270 billion tons of ice each year, and contributes to more than 4
millimeters' global sea level rise annually—from 2013 to 2022, the average annual global sea level
rise was 4.62 millimeters. However, Greenland's massive ice sheet, which is melting because of
climate change, could be saved from complete melting even if global temperatures rocket past key
international targets, a study suggests.
Using climate modelling, the research concludes that Greenland's melting will accelerate
abruptly if the average global temperature crosses a threshold (阈值) that is no higher than 2.3 ℃
above preindustrial levels—and could be much lower. That threshold might be getting quite close:
the average temperature in 2025 is likely to hit 1.5 ℃ above preindustrial levels. But we do not
necessarily tip the Greenland ice sheet just because we cross the threshold. Even if temperatures
shoot up by 6 ℃ or more above preindustrial levels, humanity will be able to reduce much of that
ice loss if warming is limited to 1.5 ℃ within a few centuries, the study shows. It means that the
ice sheet can be saved.
But Nils Bochow, a climate scientist at UiT The Arctic University of Norway and lead author
of the study, and others are quick to note that taking action against climate change now will be
cheaper and easier than trying to control global temperatures later. “It's a worthwhile tool to
explore because what we have done so far in terms of policy is not enough to be within thelimit，” says Bochow.
The authors examine the effect of average global temperature increases rather than
temperature increases in the Arctic, which are happening at least three times faster than those on
the rest of the planet. And the study assumes that society will somehow work out a way to cut
down greenhouse gas emissions(排放)sharply in the future，perhaps through carbonstorage
technology. Petrini, the coauthor of the study, says he doesn't want people to think the Greenland
ice sheet is going to be fine. “There's a chance to prevent some serious consequences even if
there's no political will now，” he says. “But we should do our bit today rather than later.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于格陵兰岛冰原融化速率的最
新研究。
4．What do we learn about the Greenland ice sheet?
A．It's disappearing at a constant rate.
B．It's lost more than half of its ice.
C．It contributes much to the sea level rise.
D．It has raised global sea level by 7 meters.
答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The sheet currently...contributes to
more than 4 millimeters' global sea level rise annually—from 2013 to 2022, the average annual
global sea level rise was 4.62 millimeters.”可知， 目前，格陵兰岛的冰盖每年损失约2 700
亿吨冰，导致全球海平面上升超过 4 毫米—从2013年到2022年，平均每年海平面上升
4.62毫米。 由此可知，全球海平面上升受格陵兰岛冰盖融化影响很大。故选 C项。
5．What does the underlined word “tip” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Overturn. B．Discount.
C．Preserve. D．Explore.
答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Even if temperatures shoot up by 6 ℃
or more above preindustrial levels, humanity will be able to reduce much of that ice loss if
warming is limited to 1.5 ℃ within...be saved.”可知，即使温度高于工业化前水平6 ℃或更
多，如果升温在几个世纪内限制在1.5 ℃以内，人类将能够减少大部分冰损失。这意味着
冰盖可以被拯救。 由此可知，画线词所在句表示超过阈值不一定就会触发格陵兰岛冰盖的
垮塌。tip意为“使倾倒，倾覆”，与overturn 意思相近。此处考查tip的熟词生义。故选
A项。
6．How does Nils Bochow find present policies on climate change?
A．They push the climate to the limit.
B．They have no practical use.
C．They are suitable for climate control.
D．They need further improvement.
答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It's a worthwhile tool to explore
because what we have done so far in terms of policy is not enough to be within the limit”可知，
这是一个值得探索的方法，因为到目前为止，我们在政策方面所做的还不足以把全球气温
控制在合理范围内。由此可知，Nils Bochow应是认为现行政策还不够好，仍需要改善。故
选D项。
7．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．Global Warming: Destroyer of Ice SheetB．How to Save Greenland's Massive Ice Sheet
C．Climate Modelling: Helper of Scientists
D．How Greenland's Melting Affects Our Planet
答案与解析：B 主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家们发现如果全
球平均温度超过阈值，格陵兰岛冰盖的融化会骤然加速，但即便如此，快速行动也可以稳
定住它。 B项“如何拯救格陵兰岛的巨大冰盖”点明了主旨，作标题最佳。
Ⅱ.读后续写
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter
a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil,
so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my
teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play,
where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply:
“Because I love your stories. If you're willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at
this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere's horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston
who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were
coming. My story would come straight from the horse's mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and
unlikely to be anyone else's choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did
he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like
Revere's horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to
correct my grammar. I checked out a halfdozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read
a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great.
Now, write it again.” I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought
of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn't win, I wouldn't care.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.
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I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation.
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One possible version：
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I wasinformed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award
presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the news that I immediately shared it with my
teacher. “I knew you'd win! I am proud of you. You made it！” he said excitedly. Then came
the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my
teacher. I said, “It's you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher.
Without your recognition and guidance, I couldn't have written this article. Again thank you very
much！”
I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for
me. Holding my hands, he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing.” “You
know I didn't like writing before, but now I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good
works.” I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good works and now I am a famous
writer. I owe my success to my social studies teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to
writing.
