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必修 Book 3 Unit 4 Space Exploration
B 卷·综合能力提升练
(时间：90分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2023·上海·模拟预测）Time has always been of great interest to scientist…
Theory 1: According to Caltech cosmologist (宇宙学家) Dr Sean Carroll, the flow of
time from past to future may be the symptom of our Universe having emerged from
another universe that existed before the Big Bang and then gave birth to our own.
Theory 2: In 1967, two American theorists came up with an equation describing the
quantum (量子) state of the whole Universe. Known as the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, it
includes many key features of the universe, such as its size. But one aspect is absent: time.
Some theorists believe this implies that time only exists in our minds.
Theory 3: According to theorist Prof Lee Smolin at the Perimeter Institute, Canada, the
existence of life in the Universe is the result of the laws of physics evolving to their
current state over an unlimited number of previous universes. If true, this means that our
very existence is proof that time does exist.
Theory 4: In 2009, physicists at the universities of Bristol and Cambridge showed that the
passing of time revealed by, say, the cooling of a cup of tea, may be due to quantum effect
called ‘entanglement’. This involves the particles (粒子) in the team interacting with
their surroundings, being bound together and becoming harder to distinguish from each
other—a one-way process that requires the forward progression of time to occur.
Theory 5: Dark energy, the mysterious anti-gravitational force that drives the expansion of
the Universe, may be linked to the existence of the arrow of time. Last year, two
cosmologists at the Yerevan Physics Institute showed that dark energy leads to the growth
of entropy, a measure of disorder, in the Universe.
1．All the five theories imply that _____.A．time is flexible B．time is constant
C．time does go forth and back D．time does exist in some way
2．Which theory doesn’t include time?
A．Theory 1. B．Theory 2.
C．Theory 3. D．Theory 4.
3．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true of dark energy?
A．It leads to the existence of multi-universities.
B．It is what keeps the universe in order.
C．It increases in strength with gravity.
D．It is what makes the universe get bigger.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂quantum
B
（2022春·甘肃金昌·高一永昌县第一高级中学校考期中）Li Zixuan is a junior middle school student. He
is now studying in Grade 9. He has had many dreams since he was little. But as time goes by, some new dreams
have appeared and some old ones have disappeared. However, only one dream is still in his mind.
Li Zixuan says that when he was a child, he heard about rockets and spaceships. At first, he didn’t know what
they were. From his father, he knew that scientists made rockets to carry things into space, and spaceships were
used to carry people through space. From then on, he has had a real interest in space. Every time he sees beautiful
stars and the moon in the sky at night, he gets very excited. He is always dreaming that he can fly to space to look
at the earth one day. His mother knows about his dream and often encourages him.
In school, Li Zixuan learned that the first man flew into space in 1961 and later, more astronauts succeeded in
traveling into space. Some astronauts even landed on the moon. His teacher always encourages him to learn more.
He knows not everyone has a chance to travel into space. More importantly, before he can fly to space, he must be
trained specially.
Li Zixuan knows it’s not easy to achieve his dream, but he decides to try his best. He says I’ve had this dream
for many years. It has brought me a lot of joy and always gives me power. Even if it doesn’t come true in the end, I
won’t be sorry.”
4．What does the boy want to be when he grows up?
A．A scientist. B．A pilot. C．An engineer. D．An astronaut.
5．Who told the boy something about rockets and spaceships?
A．His father. B．His mother. C．His teacher. D．His friend.
6．What must the boy do before he can fly to space?
A．Study very hard. B．Get a driving license.
C．Do exercise every day. D．Get some special training.
7．What’s the best title for the text?
A．Dreams of a Boy B．The Love of a Father
C．An Excellent Hobby D．An Unusual Experience
C
（2023届广西桂林崇左市高三上学期联合调研考试（一调）英语试题）NASA is making preparations to
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂send a crew to the moon who will explore the lunar surface with the hope of constructing a stable habitat. Although
the American space agency focuses on just sending astronauts, other companies are looking further into the future
for when humans will colonize the natural satellite.
Experts at Money, a company for consumer credit products, released the first-ever moon loan guide that
reveals living on the lunar surface would cost $325,067 a month.
“With the Earth becoming increasingly populated and space technology advancing, it won’t be long before
lunar living becomes the new normal,” reads the study. The team from Money used various factors to calculate the
cost of a house on the moon: raw materials needed to build a house, the special materials needed to build on the
moon’s atmosphere, astronauts required to travel to build, and the average cost of transporting materials to the
moon.
According to the moon loan guide, the first fully functioning house on the moon would be $48, 454, 063,
which is a high price for a home. The price includes adding life-saving details to homes such as air seals, industrial-
strength air-conditioners and heaters. “Generating energy is vital when living in such extreme conditions, and
therefore the cost of some supplies may force you to consider some alternative options. The most efficient way to
generate electricity on the moon is to buy a small nuclear reactor costing S1. 3 million, “Money shares in the study.
“Alternatively, 34 solar panels would generate enough electricity to run one house and cost only $23, 616 in
comparison.”
The guide also reveals the most ideal locations on the moon, with “Sea of Rains” being considered” the perfect
family suburb” — this region sits at the north and is one of the largest impact craters in the Solar System.
8．What’s the purpose of NASA sending a crew to the moon?
A．To encourage companies to release moon loan. B．To colonize the moon alone.
C．To explore the moon for natural resources. D．To build a lasting living place on the moon.
9．Which of the following was not considered when the team estimated the cost of a lunar house?
A．Materials needed to build a house on the moon.
B．The cost of looking for the most ideal location on the moon.
C．Astronauts needed to travel to build a house on the moon.
D．The average cost of transporting materials to the moon.
10．What can we infer from the study?
A．Lunar living won’t take long to become a reality.
B．The first house on the moon will be the most expensive home.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．You will definitely buy a nuclear reactor to generate electricity on the moon.
D．The perfect location on the moon for living is the largest impact crater in the Solar System.
11．What’s the text mainly about?
A．The first loan guide about living on the moon.
B．The moon-the most ideal living place for humans.
C．NASA will send astronauts to the moon.
D．Living on the moon has become possible.
D
（辽宁省大连市2022-2023学年高二上学期12月期末英语试题）Astronauts floating around Earth might
soon be able to make their own delicious, creamy breakfast. This is thanks to Australian high school students. They
want to see if the astronauts can make yogurt in space!
Six students from Haileybury, a high school in Melbourne are participating in a program led by some
scientists. They placed the bacteria (细菌) producing yogurt in a culture (培养菌) and packed 36 containers with
frozen milk and the bacteria. Then, they sent the containers to the International Space Station (ISS), where the
astronauts defrosted the frozen ingredients. These students are working with the scientists to study how bacteria
react to microgravity, which is only a small part of the gravity we experience on Earth.
But how exactly do bacteria make yogurt? It all starts with the bacteria that live in milk. These bacteria eat
some of the sugar in milk and create a kind of acid, which makes the milk thick and creamy. This process is
fermentation (发酵).
The astronauts will study these containers to see how yogurts change depending on the type of milk — either
full cream cow’s milk or soy milk. They will also test different fermentation time — either 24, 48 or 72 hours.
When the yogurts come back to Earth, the students will analyze their nutrients. One Haileybury student,
Chiara Sgroi said one goal of the experiment is to figure out which yogurt is the most nutritious. “We can even get
to taste them, which is pretty exciting,” said Sgroi.
One day, we might be able to send astronauts with some frozen bacteria and milk. We hope that they can easily
make healthful yogurt in space.
12．What will the students study in the program?
A．What bacteria need to survive.
B．How bacteria react to microgravity.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂C．Whether microgravity exists in space.
D．Why astronauts can’t make yogurt in space.
13．What do the astronauts need to make yogurt?
A．Bacteria and cream. B．Milk and acid.
C．Cream and sugar. D．Bacteria and milk.
14．What may make Sgori excited a lot?
A．Tasting the yogurts made in the ISS.
B．Making the most nutritious space yogurts.
C．Testing the yogurts in different temperatures.
D．Studying the nutrients of the yogurts in the ISS.
15．What might be the best title for the text?
A．Students Observe the Change of Yogurt in Space
B．Students Send Bacteria into Space to Make Yogurt
C．Students Find a New Way to Make Healthy Yogurt
D．Students Make Good Yogurt for Astronauts in Space
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
（2022春·浙江·高二校联考期中）Have you ever dreamed of traveling to space? With many developments
in space travel, you may soon be able to book a ticket.
The International Space Station (ISS) welcomed the first all-private team of astronauts on April 9. The four-
man team made a flight hailed by NASA as a milestone (里程碑) in commercial spaceflight. ____16____. Let’s
take a look.
Fly me to the moon
Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa, 46, has invited eight members of the public to join him for a trip around
the moon with the help of Elon Musk’s SpaceX company. ____17____. Finally it will spend three days returning.
In addition to its historic first as a private lunar (月球) mission, the rocket’s flight path means it will go beyond the
distance traveled by the US Apollo missions. The mission, called DearMoon, is scheduled for 2023.
Living in space hotel
Instead of squeezing (挤) into a space cabin (太空舱), how about enjoying your time in a hotel? ____18____.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂It is expected to have restaurants, cinemas and rooms for up to 400 guests. Developed by a US company, the space
station will be a large circular (圆形的) structure. ____19____. It is similar to the gravity found on the surface of
the moon.
Short space trip
While some people may like to stay in space for a long time, others may prefer to simply have a taste. Tickets
for a 90-minute journey have been on sale to the public since Feb 16. ____20____. The commercial tourist flights
with a private space tourism company are arranged later this year.
A．The short space trip has appealed to some people.
B．It will climb to reach the edge of the atmosphere.
C．There are also many other space travel choices available.
D．It will rotate (旋转) to create artificial gravity.
E．The mission will take three days to fly to the moon and then orbit.
F．The world’s first space hotel is due to start construction in 2025.
G．The mission will enjoy the views of Earth.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。
（2022春·江苏盐城·高二江苏省响水中学校考期中）Being an astronaut sounds cool, doesn’t it? In space,
they get to do some pretty amazing things, like____21____ in zero gravity. However, without____22____, there
are also plenty of things astronauts can’t do, and that’s very____23____. What’s worse, they can’t even let their
sadness show — because it’s impossible to ____24____ in zero gravity.
Of course, astronauts can still produce tears. But crying is much more difficult in space. Because of their
____25____ environment, tears don’t flow downward out of the eyes. This____26____ that when you cry in
space, your tears have nowhere to go — they just____27____ there. In May 2011, astronaut Andrew J.
Feustel____28____ this during one of his spacewalks.
Besides making your ____29____ unclear, this can also cause physical pain. Back on Earth, tears are
supposed to bring _____30_____ to the eyes. But that’s not the case in space. “My right eye is painful like crazy,”
Feustel told his teammate during the walk.
Since gravity doesn’t work in space, astronauts need some extra help to get rid of the tears. Feustel
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂_____31_____ to rub (擦) his eyes against his helmet to wipe the tears away. Another choice is to just wait. “When
the tears get big enough they_____32_____ break free of the eye and float around,” astronaut Ron Parise said.
In space, astronauts can’t eat or drink in _____33_____ ways. Nor can they talk to each other directly. They
can’t even burp (打嗝), because there is no gravity to hold the food_____34_____ in their stomach. If they do
burp, they just _____35_____ throwing up everything in their stomach. Thus, perhaps it’s only space explorers
who can honestly say, “Gravity, you’re the best.”
21．A．leaping B．floating C．eating D．talking
22．A．gravity B．doubt C．aid D．effort
23．A．risky B．lifelike C．sad D．unfortunate
24．A．foresee B．view C．pray D．cry
25．A．dangerous B．extreme C．stable D．weightless
26．A．expects B．means C．demands D．shows
27．A．meet B．develop C．stay D．leave
28．A．witnessed B．acknowledged C．experienced D．suffered
29．A．mind B．vision C．sense D．idea
30．A．peace B．disaster C．stress D．comfort
31．A．chose B．decided C．stopped D．hesitated
32．A．fluently B．exactly C．efficiently D．simply
33．A．regular B．normal C．particular D．rational
34．A．out B．off C．down D．up
35．A．give up B．end up C．put off D．feel like
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
（2022·高一单元测试）Complete the passage with words from the text and pay attention to their correct forms.
For most people before the mid-20th century, it was impossible to travel into space. However, it was some
scientists’ ____36____ to help humans to fulfill their dream of ____37____ space. With many experiments done,
they had rockets made successfully, which could escape Earth’s ___38___. Then on 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1
satellite was launched by the USSR and ___39___orbited around Earth. Some time after that, the USSR ___40___
on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into
space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American ___41___ Neil Armstrong said, “That’s one small step
for a man, one giant ___42___ for mankind.” when he stepped on the moon. Following Russia and the US, China
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂was the third country to send humans into space on its own in the Shenzhou 5 ___43___ in 2003 when Yang Liwei
successfully ___44___ Earth, which was a main _____45_____ for China.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46．（2022春·山西·高三校联考阶段练习）假定你是校学生会主席李华，你校将举办以“中国航天”为主
题的绘画展。请你写一则书面通知征集作品。内容包括：
1.绘画展的目的;
2.作品要求;
3.交稿地点及截止日期。参考词汇：航天 aerospace
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
NOTICE
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________
The Students’ Union
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
47．（2022秋·高一课时练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完
整的短文。
The quilt (被子) took a lot of time. But the messages on it were meaningful.
When I started my current project, I woke up every day with new ideas and fresh enthusiasm. I really believed
in the importance of what I wanted to create, and I had my husband, Claudio, to cheer me on. But then, things had
gotten hard. I injured my shoulder and my recovery was slow. In the middle of it, I lost Claudio to cancer. I was
discouraged, lonely, and without Claudio’s comfort. Facing down the halffinished quilt in my sewing room one
morning soon after his death, I could hardly gather the energy to sew it.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂The quilt was meant to be a way to keep my old nursing class together. We’d graduated from Mercy College
over 40 years before and quickly worked all over the country. After our last anniversary party, I tried to find ways
for everyone to stay in touch, but nothing ever seemed to work out. I knew I needed to find a connection to share at
a distance. I thought about a quilt.
I got in touch with as many of my old classmates as I could. Everyone who wanted to join the project was sent
a piece of fabric (布料). They could sign it or write a personal message. Once I got the pieces back, I’d sew them
into the finished piece.
I rubbed my painful shoulder and ran my hand over the unfinished quilt. Even after several operations,
movement in my left arm was limited. There was still so much to do. Our class’s forty-fifth anniversary party was
coming up but my heart wasn’t in this project anymore. With Claudio’s encouragement I’d kept at it despite my
painful shoulder. But Claudio was gone now. Working on the quilt was impossible with my aches and pains. Why
was I even trying? I covered up my sewing machine and left the quilt as it was.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Weeks passed but I didn’t sew a thing.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
I arrived at our forty-fifth anniversary party.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂
