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2024 届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练
专题 06
全球气候
基础篇 NASA releases climate strategy 美国国家航空航天局发布气候战略
巩固篇 China pledges to address climate change 中国承诺应对气候变化
提高篇 Syria set to sign up to Paris climate deal 叙利亚将签署巴黎气候协议
专项微练 单句语法填空 介词专项训练
真题精选 高考模拟衔接 名校真题演练
【原创题】
【基础篇】
The U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA) released 1 climate strategy on Wednesday
to expand agency-wide efforts 2 (counter) climate
challenge. The strategy assesses NASA's climate portfolio
across the agency, 3 (extend) beyond science and
exploration efforts, to include every mission directorate and
NASA facility, the agency said in 4 statement.
"With new 5 (mission) coming online in 2023 to observe air pollution, Earth's water to help improve
climate models, 6 the increasing intensity of storms, NASA-powered observations of our planet are at the
core of 7 we study the effects of climate change," the agency 8 (say) . NASA's efforts also
extend to aeronautics engineering, seeking to advance greener aerospace technology development, it added. "This
strategy 9 (help) NASA integrate our understanding of climate across the agency and 1 0 our
partnerships to better serve the public," said Kate Calvin, NASA's chief scientist and senior climate advisor.
【巩固篇】China's Ministry of Ecology and Environment 1
(release) the "China's Policies and Actions to Address Climate
Change 2022 Annual Report" at a press conference on Thursday,
2 (cover) five areas: China's new deployment to address
climate change, measures to mitigate climate change, how to adapt
to climate change, improving the policy system and support,
3 actively participating in the global governance of climate change.
China has always attached great importance to addressing climate change and 4 (make) positive
progress, with CO2 emissions per unit of GDP declining significantly and reversing the rapid 5 (grow)
of CO2 emissions. Li Gao, director of the Department of Climate Change, said that according to preliminary
calculations, China's CO2 emissions per unit of GDP in 2021 dropped 6 50.8 percent compared to 2005,
and the proportion of non-fossil energy in energy consumption has reached 16.6 percent. "We have successfully
launched the world's largest carbon emissions trading market covering greenhouse gas emissions, 7 is a
very impressive achievement," Li said. However, China's complex climatic conditions and overall fragile
ecological environment make it vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, and extreme weather has been
frequent in some parts of China this summer, seriously impacting people's lives.
Li said China will enhance climate change monitoring and early warning and risk management, 8
(strong) the observation network of climate change and risk assessment. "The next step is to implement the
national strategy to address climate change. China will continue to reduce pollution and carbon, actively peak
carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality, and 9 (order) promote the construction of the
national carbon emissions trading market," Li said. In addition, COP27, which 1 0 (hold) in Sharm el-
Sheikh, Egypt, is an important meeting in the multilateral climate process, and China is willing to work with all
parties in accordance with the principles of openness, transparency, broad participation and consensus to advance
the meeting's theme of "implementation."
【提高篇】
The Bonn climate change conference produced
unexpected news on Tuesday: Syria plans to sign up to the
Paris climate deal. " 1 is our understanding that
the government of Syria announced today 2 (they)intent to join the Paris Agreement," Nick Nuttall, the spokesman for the UN climate body, told AFP. The move
3 (leave) the US as the only country seeking to be outside the “common cause” deal to curb global warming.
The Trump administration intends to 4 (formal) leave the Paris Climate Accord by the year 2020.
5 (draw) attention to the acute threat of rising sea levels, this year's 23rd United Nations Climate
Change Conference of Parties (COP 23) is presided over by the Pacific island nation of Fiji while technically
6 (host) by Germany. The key objective of the two-week conference 7 (be) to formulate uniform
standards for measuring and 8 (report) greenhouse gas emissions with a view to the objectives agreed to in
Paris. Syria was unable to participate in the 2015 conference which first witnessed the entry of states into the Paris
climate accord due to its simultaneously raging civil war and UN sanctions 9 the government of President
Bashar Al-Assad.
Nicaragua was the only other country initially outside the deal, but it signed up in October 2017. France is
organizing another multilateral climate summit in Paris which will take place on the second anniversary of the
original conference, December 12. A spokesperson for French President Emmanuel Macron said 1 0 US
President Donald Trump was "not invited so far."
【专项微练：介词】
1．The train to Beijing will depart________platform 6 in five minutes. (用适当的词填空)
2．This country is short ________ natural resources but rich in human resources. (用适当的词填空)
3．I am doing a project ________ behalf of my school about global warming. (用适当的词填空)
4．Their salaries decrease annually ________ one hundred dollars. (用适当的词填空)
5．The operation must be carefully planned so that the loss of blood would be decreased ________a minimum.(用
适当的词填空)
6．They greet each other ________a hug and say Merry Christmas! (用适当的词填空)
7．In Helen maternal love was stronger ________ comparison than any other. (用适当的词填空)
8．The study found that crime of the city is________ the decrease. (用适当的词填空)
9．We may well compare the little girl ________ a kitten. (用适当的词填空)
10．Before she could react, I gave her a big hug and told her she didn’t need to keep it a secret _________ me. (用
适当的词填空)【真题精选】
（2023·广西南宁·统考一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Farmland is taking much of the planet. A new global map___11___ (collect) from a satellite shows that the
fields of corn, rice and other crops___12___ (eat) up more than 1 million additional square kilometers of land in the
past two decades.
“The rough march of the human footprint is rather___13___ (violence),”says researcher Matt Hansen. The
food needs of a fast-growing population in Africa are driving the expansion. But the study also highlights how
Earth's land is becoming___14___ global farm, with wealthier countries outsourcing crop production to
poorer____15____ (region). New fields have replaced forests and other natural ecosystems that stored large
amounts of carbon, ___16___ (threaten)the efforts to conserve biodiversity and stop climate change.
However, the study does tell some hopeful trends. Over the study period, the total quantity of plants increased
by 25%. The study also highlights the need to improve cropland productivity in Africa, ___17___has the world’s
lowest crop output, meaning that more land___18___ (need) to grow a given amount of food. “If the world wants to
solve climate change,” Hansen says, “from a___19___ (pure) self-interested viewpoint, it needs to support Africa
____20____ solving its land use challenge.”
（2023·江苏高三期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Illegal ivory (象牙) hunting once posed a significant threat to Kenya’s elephants. But now the giants of the
animal kingdom ___21___(face) an even bigger risk: climate change.
In the past years, Kenyan ___22___(official) have cracked down on hunting, ___23___ has targeted giraffes
for their meat, bones and hair and elephants for their ivory tusks. But as Kenya battles its worst drought in four
decades, the crisis is killing 20 times more elephants ___24___ hunting. In Tsavo National Park much wildlife
___25___(flee) in recent years in search of water. To survive, elephants require vast landscapes for food. Adults can
consume 300 pounds of food and more than 50 gallons of water ___26___ day. But rivers, soil and grassland are
drying up, ___27___(result) in poor and deadly environment.
In the last year, at least 179 elephants have died of thirst, while hunting has claimed the lives of fewer than 10,
Kenyan Tourism and Wildlife Secretary Najib Balala told the BBC． “It is a red alarm.” he said of the crisis.
Balala suggested that ___28___ much time and effort has been spent tackling illegal hunting that___29___(environment) issues have been ignored. “We have forgotten to invest into biodiversity
____30____(manage) and ecosystems,” he said. “Something must be done to deal with climate change.”
（2023·内蒙古阿拉善盟一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world’s oceans reached their hottest level in recorded history last year, supercharging (加剧) extreme
weather events, scientists have reported. They found that the five hottest recorded years in the oceans
___31___(occur) since 2015, and that the rate of heating since 1986 was eight times higher than ___32___ from
1960-85. Oceans cover 71% of the planet and water can absorb thousands of times more heat than air, ___33___ is
why 93% of global heating is taken up by seas.
Hotter oceans destroy rainfall patterns, which ___34___(lead) to floods, droughts and wildfires. Heat also
causes seawater ___35___ (expand) and drives up sea levels. Scientists expect about one metre of sea level rise by
the end of the century, ___36___(threaten) 150 million people. Higher temperatures in the seas are also harming
marine (海洋的) life, with ___37___ number of ocean heatwaves increasing ___38___(sharp).
The study also finds that the sinking of surface waters and upwelling of deeper water is reducing as the seas
heat up. This means the surface layers heats up even further and fewer nutrients for marine life are brought up from
the ___39___(deep).
“The oceans reached yet another new record level of warmth in 2020,____40____ a record drop in global
carbon emissions (排放). The planet will continue to warm up as long as we emit carbon into the atmosphere,” said
Prof Michael Mann of Penn State University.
