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【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单
专题 06 动词时态语态用法(过去时)（讲案）解析版
（快问快答+考点细目+精讲精练+真题分层+作文升格+原创语填）
目录
一、动词时态语态用法快问快答 P2
二、动词时态语态用法五年高考真题细目表 P2
考点清单六、一般过去时七种典型用法(表解) P 3
考点清单七、过去进行时五种典型用法(表解) P 4
考点清单八、过去完成时六种典型用法(表解) P 4
考点清单九、过去将来时四种典型用法(表解) P 6
分层训练（一）单句填空(高考真题 2021-2024) P 6
分层训练（二）单句填空(经典模拟 2017-2020) P 7
分层训练（三）动词时态语态助力应用文写作 P 7
分层训练（四）动词时态语态助力读后续写升格 P 8
分层训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创） P 9
野营正成为乡村旅游新时尚 P 9一、动词时态语态用法快问快答
Q1：判断动词时态语态有哪些小窍门？
A1：最可靠的做法是掌握每种时态的使用场合和标志性词汇、短语，做到有的放矢。
Q2：如何确定动词的语态？
A2：一方面，需要注意根据语境确定是否应用被动语态，另一方面需要抓住关键性标志，如介词 by引起
动作的发出者。
Q3：如何确定各种从句的时态？
A3：如果是状语从句，需要考虑“主将从现”；如果是宾语从句要考虑主从句时态照应；有时像suggest,
recommend从句还应考虑虚拟语气用法。
Q4：应用文写作遇到动词时态怎么把握？
A4：书信类应用文要结合其内容来确定具体时态乃至语态。如邀请信和通知要使用一般将来时；感谢信
和道歉信要使用一般过去时；人物介绍和地点介绍要使用一般现在时。
Q5：如何才能学好动词时态语态？
A5：一是努力掌握基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，学以致用。
二、动词时态语态五年高考真题细目表
将来时（含被
卷别 现在时 过去时
动）
2024新课标II卷 were；was built
2024全国甲卷 were (should) be done
2023新高考II卷 wished
2023全国甲卷 become改为becomes make → made (can) be employed
2023全国乙卷 was amazed
2023全国北京卷 has established had arrived would throw
2022新高考I卷 is designed were
2022新高考II卷 were fixing; threw
2022全国甲卷 has walked was-were; become-became
lives-live; 去掉have后的
2022全国乙卷 addressed
been
2022北京卷 has; has increased
2021新高考I卷 was
2021新高考II卷 was
2021全国甲卷 are改为is was built; hired
2021全国乙卷 删去are
2021北京卷 connects
2020全国I卷 means; is constructed touched
2020全国II卷 carries start改为started
2020全国III卷 had改成have pointed (would) be chosen
2020新高考卷 are called; is formed
2019全国I卷 has reported；are
2019全国II卷 have made declared
recommended；were
2019全国III卷 required改为requires
invited
2019北京卷 voiced
考点清单六、一般过去时七种典型用法用法 标志 示例
1.表示过去已发生的动 yesterday, last week, My father was very busy last week.我父亲上周很
作，并有明确的时间状 in 2023 忙。
语。 Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿？
2. 表示过去的习惯性或 often，usually， The man used to smoke a lot.那人过去烟瘾很重。
经常发生的动作，常与 seldom， used to Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太过
often等频度副词连用。 去老是带着一把伞。
3. I wish that…(与现在 I wish that… I wish I was ten years younger. 我但愿年轻10岁。
事实相反) I wish I could speak your language. 但愿我能讲你们
国家的话。
4. It is (high) time It is (high) time It's high/about time you bought a new car.你该买辆新
that… that… 车了。
5. I would rather that… I would rather I'd rather you went tomorrow.我宁愿你明天去。
(与现在、将来事实相反) that… I would rather you didn’t mention the price now.我宁
愿你现在别提价钱。
6. If only…(与现在事实 If only… If only l knew the answer to your question.我但愿知道
相反) 你的问题的答案。
7. If….从句 (与现在事实 If…., I would… If I were Tom, I would refuse.如果我是汤姆，我会拒
相反) 绝。
【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it _____________ (come) on the market in 1973.
2. (2013安徽) I’m calling about the apartment you _____________ (advertise) the other day. Could you tell me
more about it?
3. (2013福建) The famous musician, as well as his students, _____________(invite) to perform at the opening
ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.
4. (2017·江苏) The publication of Great Expectations, which _____________ (be) both widely reviewed and
highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist.
5. (2015湖南) I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but _____________ (hold) back thankfully
by the shop window.
6. The three of us _____________ (travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.
7. (2019全国II) Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene _____________ (declare) she had
no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.
8. How I wish every family _____________ (have) a large house with a beautiful garden!
9. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it look as if it _____________ (break).
10. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that he _____________(do) something instead of just talking.
11. Sorry, I’m too busy now. If I _____________ (have) time, I would certainly go for an outing with you.
12. I wish it _____________ (be) were spring all year round.
考点清单七、过去进行时五种典型用法
用法 标志 示例
1.表示过去某一时刻正在进 at 7:00 last We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天
行的动作，有时间状语暗 night 晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
示。
2.表示过去一段时间内频繁 this The man used to smoke a lot.那人过去烟瘾很重。
发生或一直进行的动作。 morning, Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 彼得太太过去老是
yesterday 带着一把伞。
3. come ,leave等瞬间动词过 go, come, I wish I was ten years younger. 我但愿年轻10岁。去进行时表示将要发生动 leave
作。 I wish I could speak Russian.但愿我能讲俄语。
4.与as, when, while等状语 as, when, It was raining hard when I left school.当我离开学校时，
从句呼应，表示另一动作发 while 天在下大雨。
生的背景 I was reading the newspaper while I was waiting for the
bus. 我一边看报纸，一边等公交车。
5. always, constantly等频度 always, She was always changing her mind. 她总是改变主意。
副词与过去进行时连用表示 constantly， In the past he was constantly asking me for money. 过去他总
赞扬，抱怨等感情色彩 continually 是不停要钱。
【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Her mother _____________ (cook) in the kitchen at this time yesterday.
2. I’d like to know what you ______________(do) at 9:00 last night.
3. We went to the reading-room to do some reading, only to be told that it _____________ (decorate).
4. (2014四川) She _____________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.
5. Jim _____________ (watch) a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the
television went blank.
6. I _____________(clean) the streets in our neighborhood this time yesterday when you called me.
7. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people _____________(always warn) not to touch any
unattended bag.
8. (2015湖南) He must have sensed that I _____________ (look) at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said
quietly, "Why are you staring at me like that?"
9. (2016北京) Jack _____________ (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred.
10. He _____________(help) his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.
考点清单八、过去完成时六种典型用法
用法 标志 示例
1. 表示某一动作或状态在过 by, by the end of, By 5:00 yesterday morning we had done that
去某一时间之前或过去某一 by the time… work. 到昨天早上5点，我们已经完成了那项工
动作之前已经完成。 作。
2. 表示某一动作或状态在过 before, until, I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the
去某一时间之前或过去某一 when, than university. 在我进入大学之前，我已经学会了
动作之前已经完成。 5000个单词。
3. intend等动词过去完成时 mean, hope, I had intended to call on you, but was prevented from
可以用来表示一个本来打算 want, plan, expect, doing so. 我本来打算去拜访你，但被阻止了。
做而未做的事。 think
4. It was the first time first/second… It was the fourth time she had shopped online for
that…句型that从句用过去完 hours. 这是她连续几个小时第四次在网上购物。
成时。
5. hardly … when…和no hardly+when; She hardly had gone to bed when the bell rang.
sooner… than…句型 sooner+than 她刚一上床铃声就响了。
No sooner had they left the building than a
bomb exploded. 他们刚离开大楼，一枚炸弹就爆
炸了。
6.If虚拟条件句，I wish…, If I wish…, If I had left sooner，I would have been on time.
only…, I’d rather that…表示 If only…, 要是我早点动身，我就准时到了。
与过去事实相反 I’d rather that… If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是当时
听了父母的话就好了。【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2014山东) Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we ____________ (expect).
2. (2015安徽)Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I _____________ (leave) my bank in the cafe.
3. (2016浙江) Silk___________(become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
4. (2017 北京) In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones
__________ (not invent) yet.
5. I _____________(plan) to help you but couldn’t get here in time.
6.(2019天津) I ________(hope) to send Peter a gift to congratulate him on his marriage，but I couldn't manage
it.
7. I ___________(intend) to call on you, but was prevented from doing so.
8. There was a knock on the door. It was the second time someone _____________(interrupt) me that evening.
9. That was the first time she _____________ (leave) alone at home during the weekends, bored to death.
10. It was the fourth time she _____________ (shop) online for hours.
11. She ________ no sooner _________(get) to the office than she got down to writing the report.
12. Hardly had I arrived home when the telephone _____________ (ring).
13. (2018 天津) If we _____________ (catch) the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the
beach.
14. How I wish I _____________(buy) that skirt when it was available! Ugh! I regret it every time.
15. (2015北京)—Did you have difficulty finding Ann' house?
—Not really. She _____________ (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
考点清单九、过去将来时四种典型用法
项目 用法 示例
1.should/would + 从过去的某一时间来看将来 He said they would arrange a party.他说他们要安排聚
动词原形 要发生的动作，多用于主从 会。
复合句中。 He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris.昨天
他问我何时动身去巴黎。
2. was/were about 表示“正要……这时发生另 I was about to start when it suddenly began to rain.我正要
to do…when… 一件事”。 开始这时天下雨了。
3.was/were go, come leave 等动词过去 I didn’t know he was coming until this morning. 直
coming… 进行时博士将要发生的动 到今天上午我才知道他要来。
作。
4.was/were to do 强调计划性，“将要做某 Tom wasn't worried about his head injury, but it was
事”。 to be troublesome for him later.汤姆不担心他头部的
伤，但是以后这损伤必将给他带来麻烦。
【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Did you predict that many students _____________ (sign) up for the dance competition?
2. He was about to go to bed ________ there was a knock on the door.
3. When he _____________ (open) the door, he found his keys were nowhere.4. (2015陕西)At college, Barack Obama didn’t know that he _____________ (become) the first black president
of the United States of America.
5. I wish he __________(go) with me to the cinema tonight.
6. If I had a chance to study abroad, I __________(study) at Cambridge University.
7. If he had spent more time practising speaking English before, he ________(be) able to speak it much better
now.
8. If the captain had been more careful, his ship _____________ (sink).
9. (2019江苏) What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we _____________ (have) a good time
together.
10. I wasn't sure whether he ___________ (lend) me his book the next morning.
分层训练（一）高考真题
【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2024 新课标 II 卷) Some of the things that Tang was writing about __________ (be) also Shakespeare’s
concerns.
2. (2024新课标II卷) Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, __________
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
3. (2024 全国甲卷) They__________ (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five
awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
4.（2023新高考II卷）As a little girl, I (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
5.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the co-existence
of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
6. (2022 全国乙)The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society__________ (address) the opening
ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, ..” he said.
7. (2022 新高考 I) The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________
(be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to
increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
8. (2022 新高考 II) Henry __________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
9. (2021·全国甲)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It
__________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored.
10. (2021全国甲) We __________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old
and shaky but did the job.
分层训练（二）高考真题
【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2021 新高考 I) What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it
__________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
2. (2020全国I) The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon
goddess __________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.3. (2020全国III) The artist was sure he would __________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to
the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
4. (2020 新高考) The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ________(form) the core
collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.
5. (2020浙江卷) By about 6000 BC, people _________ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
6. (2019江苏) A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________(fall) in love with the people
and culture there.
7. (2018北京) They might have found a better hotel if they ___________(drive) a few more kilometers.
8.(2018 江 苏 ) I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan __________ (carry) out
in the past two years.
9. (2018北京) Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________(work) as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I
visited her last year.
10. (2017北京) If the new safety system ______________(put) to use, the accident would never have happened.
11. (2018北京) A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________(trap) in the mountains for two
days.
12. (2017天津) I ________(drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
13. (2017江苏) He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ___________(follow).
分层训练（三）动词时态语态助力应用文写作
书面表达句式升级：请运用准确动词时态语（过去时）态翻译下列各句。
1. (2024课标I卷) 我们的任务是画一些给我们印象最深的东西。
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2024课标I卷) 总之，这不仅仅是一堂艺术课；这是我真正珍惜的与大自然相连的时刻。
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2023全国甲卷) 孔子游历全国，把自己的智慧传授给无数弟子，给中国社会留下了深刻的影响。
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2023全国乙卷) 当我上小学的时候，我有机会参加学校举办的音乐比赛。
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2023全国乙卷) 那是我第一次观看现场音乐表演。
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2023全国乙卷) 去年暑假我学会了传统中国油画技巧，这证明是一个充实的过程。
_________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2022全国乙卷) 联合国2009年正式确定6月8日为国际海洋日。
_________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2022全国乙卷) 总之，我们早该采取措施来保护海洋。
_________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2022新高考I卷) Talk and Talk栏目成立十年了。
_________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2021全国I卷) 上个月我考试不及格情绪低落，她轻拍我的肩膀给我巨大鼓励。
_________________________________________________________________________________
11. (2021全国II卷) 上周末学生会组织一群志愿者去希望农场帮助农民采摘桃子。
_________________________________________________________________________________
12. (2021全国II卷) 我们先摘取颜色鲜艳的桃子，然后是那些成熟变软的桃子。
_________________________________________________________________________________13. (2021全国II卷) 多亏了这次采摘活动，我感谢这次接近大自然的机会。
_________________________________________________________________________________
14. (2021新高考I卷) 上周日见证一次了不起的越野活动，这吸引了每个师生的注意。
_________________________________________________________________________________
15. (2021新高考I卷) 这个活动受到高度评价，因为他给我们提供锻炼机会，还能让我们更合作。
_________________________________________________________________________________
分层训练（四）动词时态语态助力读后续写升格
1. (2024课标I卷) 我又向他露出抱歉的微笑，恳求他延期付款。
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2024课标I卷) 我坚定地和他握手，然后跳下车，疯狂地向公共汽车跑去，在公共汽车出发前跳上了
公共汽车。
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2024课标I卷) 我告诉他，多亏了他的慷慨和及时的帮助，一切都很顺利。
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2024课标I卷) 我还送给他一件我在布拉格买的很有吸引力的纪念品，他欣然接受了。
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2024浙江1月卷) 老师注意到了她的努力，称赞了她的创新思维。
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2024浙江1月卷) 她每走一步，都给那些追随她的人留下了灵感的遗产。
_________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2023课标I卷) 我被告知我在写作比赛中获得了一等奖，两天后将有颁奖典礼。
_________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2023课标I卷) 当我被邀请上台领奖时，我对我的老师表示感谢。
_________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2023课标I卷) 颁奖典礼结束后，我去了老师的办公室。我的老师在等我。
_________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2023浙江1月卷) 当我爬上车开车离开时，我知道我会永远珍惜我们共同的回忆。
_________________________________________________________________________________
分层训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）
Camping becomes new trend in rural tourism
野营正成为乡村 旅游新时
尚With modern people's desire to get close to nature, camping has become a popular leisure activity, 1 further
fuels rural tourism.
Setting up a tent, barbecuing, drinking tea and chatting — people seem 2 (find) the most relaxing way to
spend their weekends. "During the three-day Dragon Boat Festival holiday, our campsite received over 1,400 visitors, and our
more than 200 tents were 3 short supply", said a manager from the Majia River Scenic Area in Guanxian county,
Shandong province. During the recent holiday, Guanxian county 4 (welcome) 63,000 tourists.
In recent years, Guanxian county 5 (attract) many tourists due to its unique geographical advantages and
beautiful natural scenery. However, alongside the boom in rural tourism, the county also faces issues such as severe
homogeneity of tourism products and a 6 (short) of accommodations in scenic areas during peak seasons.
"After conducting market research and considering the actual development situations, we have decided to use the
camping economy as the key to 'breaking the mold' in the rural tourism industry", said Liu Xiaojing, 7 propaganda
minister of the county.
By enriching the 'camping+' scenarios and related businesses, the county aims 8 (integrate) ecological
sightseeing, family 9 (gather) and leisure sports into camping economy. This approach bonds with the travel
needs of young consumers 1 0 helps ease the accommodation supply in scenic areas during peak seasons.
