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专题 07 时态和语态
《考点•题型 •技巧》
考向分析
动词的时态是历年高考的重点，也是高考的必考点。应特别注意以下几点：要把握各
种时态的特点，注意易混淆时态间的差异；准确理解具体语境下时态的正确意义，捕捉句
子中所隐含的时间信息；要克服汉语式的惯性思维，排除误导，培养发散性思维。
复习建议
1. 了解并能正确运用常考的11种时态；
2. 熟练运用现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般过去时等高考高频时态；
3. 掌握几种易混时态的区别，如现在完成时和一般过去时等。
考点导航
考点01一般现在时动词形式为：do/does /am/is/ are 其被动
表示：am/ is/ are + done
1
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司含义：（1）表示经常性动作、习惯性动作，或存在的状态。常与表示频率的副词或时
间状语连用，比如：always，often, usually, sometimes, once a week, on Mondays…
含义：（2）表示客观事实、普遍真理。 The earth goes around the sun.
其他：If ,as soon as. when等引导的条件状语从句、时间状语从句--主将从现。
其他：一般现在表将来--飞机起飞，火车发车、电影演出开演等按照时刻表或按计划
发生的事情，用一般现在时表将来，来表达其客观性,此时常用动词如leave,
come,start,begin,go,come等。
考点02现在进行时am/is /are doing 其被动表示：am/
is/ are being done
含义：（1）表示此时此刻正在进行。
含义：（2）表示现阶段正在进行。
标志词：now, these days 暗示词有：listen, see, can you see, can’t you see…
注意：写信、打电话：I am writing to ask…… I am phoning to ……
特例：表示感觉的动词、喜恶、希望、状态、归属、思维或理解能力一般不用现在进
行时hear, smell, feel, taste, like/hate, want,remain, have, know, forget, believe, belong to等。
特例：用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作，一般和时间状语连用，arrive, begin
going to 表将来；现在进行时表将来--be doing 可以表示将来，doing一般是coming,
going, leaving。
（现在进行时与always，forever, continually， constantly等频度副词连用，表示反复
出现的或习惯性动作，有抱怨，赞叹等感情色彩。e.g, She is always thinking of herself.）
考点03现在完成时 has/have done 被动表示：has/have
been done
含义：（1）表示已经发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响。常与already和yet连用，
already用于肯定句，yet用于否定句与疑问句。
含义：（2）表示动作开始于过去，持续到现在（也有可能持续下去）。
标志词：never, ever, since, for(注意for不是百分百标志着现在完成时，它只要和表示
2
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司延续性的动词连用就可以，这里是很多同学的误区),since then, in the past/last days/years, so
far, up to now, lately, recently
考点04现在完成进行时 has/have been doing 被动表示：
has/have been being done
含义：表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，或者刚刚终止，或者可能仍然要
继续下去。 与完成时相比强调 持续性。 （现在完成进行时表示：动作连着做了一段时间，
一般句中会表明后果）。
考点05一般过去时 did/ was/were 被动：was/ were done
含义：表示动作发生在过去。
标志：the other day, last night, yesterday, last week, some years ago,in 2012, just now…
注意：说话前发生的事，也算是过去：
考点06过去进行时—were/was doing 被动：was/were being
done
含义：表示过去某个阶段或者某个时间点正在进行的动作。
标志：at that time, then……
标志:过去的某个具体时间点:e.g. I was reading at 9 o’clock yesterday.
标志:以过去的一个动作时间来按暗示时间点： I was reading when he came in.
考点07过去完成时-had done 被动：had been done
含义：过去的过去。表示一个动作在另一个过去动作之前已经完成。
标志词：常与by, before等介词短语，或时间状语从句连用其他：It was+一段时间
+since+过去完成时：It was 5 years since we had met each other.
It was the first /…time+过去完成时
时间状语从句：(一…就…)
no sooner+过去完成时+than+一般过去时;
hardly+过去完成时+when+一般过去时;
3
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司scarcely+过去完成时+when+一般过去时.
考点08过去将来时-would do;was/were going to do
被动：would be done; was/were going to be done
含义：以过去的时间点来看，将要发生的某种动作或状态.称之为过去将来时。
考点09一般将来时:will do , am/ is/ are going to do,
被动形式：will be done; am/ is/ are going to be done
含义:（1）表示将来动作的发生或存在的状态—will do
含义：（2）表示已经下定决心要做的事，有迹象表明要发生的事（be going to do）
标志：tomorrow, next week, in a few days, in two years ahead
其他，be to do，be about to do ，be on the point of doing也表示将要做某事。
考点10将来进行时will/shall be doing(shall用于第一人称I 和
We, will无限制,will常见，shall了解即可)被动： will be being done
含义：将来某个时间正在发生的动作或事情。
考点11将来完成时will have done 被动：will have been done
含义：到将来某一时间某一动作将会完成，常用的时间状语从句为：“By +将来某个
时间”
时态语态其他注意点：
宾语从句的句子时态一致问题：主句是现在或将来，则从句不受影响。如果是过去时，宾
语从句的谓语动词一般需要用过去的某种时态，具体那种过去时态，根据句意进行调整。
早该做某事：It is (high) time that +should do或者+动词过去时
有些词主动表被动get+过去分词可以表被动；
系动词无被动look, sound, smell, taste, appear, seem, prove, become,get,keep,grow等；
表示开始、结束的词，begin，finish,start,open, stop,end……
表示主语的特性：read,write,drink,wash,dry,sell；
4
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司有些词组：run out;cost; take place;date back无被动
【题型分析】
1.People______ better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living
longer as a result.
A. will have B. have C. had D. had had
2.A few months after he had arrived in China, Mr. Smith ___________ in love with the
people and culture there.
A. would fall B. had fallen C. has fallen D. fell
3.During my last winter holiday, I went to （加the）countryside with my father to visit
my grandparents. I find a big change there.
4.—______ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?
—Yes. They are happy with it.
A. Did you call B. Have you called
C. Will you call D. Were you calling
5.As you go through this book, you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived
through World War II had a different experience.
A. will find B. found
C. had found D. have found
6. Unless some extra money________, the theatre will be close.
A. was found B. finds
C. is found D. found
7.My washing machine ___________this week, so I have to wash my clothes by
hand.
A. was repaired B. is repaired
C. is being repaired D. has been repaired
8.—Mr. Jordan, we want to hear your opinion about the current NBA games.
—OK, I to that.
5
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.am coming B. have come
C. came D. come
9.—Hi, let’s go skating.
—Sorry, I’m busy right now. I ___________ in an application form for a new job.
A. fill B. have filled
C. am filling D. will fill
10.Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the
neighborhood when I visited her last year.
A. is working B. was working
C. has worked D. had worked
11.Jack ___________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.
A. works B. has worked
C. was working D. would work
12. He hurried home, never once looking back to see if he ____________.
A. was being followed B. was following
C. had been followed D. followed
13.Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she
___________ a class at that time.
A. will teach B. would teach
C. has taught D. will be teaching
14.China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few
years.
A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown
15. In the last few years, China __________ great achievements in environmental
protection.
A. has made B. had made C. was making D.is making
16. If we ___________the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach
A. had caught B. caught
C. have caught D. would catch
17.In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and
6
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司wireless phones _______ yet.
A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented
C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented
18.They are trying to make sure that 5G terminals_________ by 2022 for the Beijing
Winer Olympics.
A. will install B. will have been installed
C. are installed D. have been installed
19.—Excuse me, which movie are you waiting for?
—The new Star Wars. We ____________ here for more than two hours.
A. waited B. wait
C. would be waiting D. have been waiting
20. The crazy fans ____________ patiently in the rain for almost three hours, and
they would wait until the famous star arrived.
A. were waiting B. have waited
C. had been waiting D. would wait
21.—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
—All right. I ____________ him later.
A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling
22.Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he
____________ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.
A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was
1.When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables！
2.Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so （改
为 but/yet） once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me
altogether.
7
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司1. Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six
___70___ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
2.Fast food ___67___ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 （ eating ） (eat) more
fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.
3.Sarah says, ＂My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69
(come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.
4.I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the
friends I ___66___(make) over the years
检测训练
Ⅰ、短文改错
Yesterday was my father’s birthday. We made many preparation for it. Early in the
morning, my mother and I set off for the department store to find gift for Father. We
chose very careful, eventually a warm sweater caught our eye but was purchased.
To showing my love for my father, I made a birthday cake under the help of my mother. In
the evening, we got together to celebrate her birthday. With candles lit, we sang Happy
Birthday out loud and clapped, that made the room alive with the sound of cheering.
Then we take a family photo to record the happy moment. When I saw tears of joy in
Father’s eye, I was filled in with a feeling of accomplishment and happiness.
Ⅱ、语法填空
（一）
After David’s daughter was born, he decided to make one million dollars. He
thought in this way his daughter would live 1 happy life.
In order to achieve his goal, David devoted most 2 his time to his business.
While other fathers 3 (play) with their kids outside, he was working. While other
fathers were reading stories to their kids, he was hanging out with his clients. His little
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司daughter 4 (name) Jane hardly saw him.
Time flew fast. One day, when David returned home from work, he saw Jane
5 (sit) in the living room. 6 she saw him, she ran to him and asked him to play
with her for a while.＂Sorry, Jane, but I’m 7 (terrible) busy tonight. I have a lot of
work to do.＂ He was about to leave when he heard Jane crying. So he stopped and
asked why. ＂You’re always working. You have no time for me at all. You are not a
good dad,＂ Jane said. David was 8 (lose) in thought after hearing that. He
remembered why he worked so hard — he wanted Jane to live a happy life. However,
things are against his wishes. He 9 (teach) a good lesson that day. Therefore, he
made
（二）
Is there such a thing as being ＂over-protective＂?
I can honestly say that my answer to that question 1 (change) dramatically（戏剧性
地）since I became a parent.
Before the birth of my daughter, I taught at 2 private school, often viewing my
students as over-protected, worrying 3 would happen when they went on to middle
schools.
Some did fine, and some did not. Some needed constant pats on the back, words of 4
(encourage) and extra support, which I 5 (happy) gave. Others were content on their own,
needing little or no interaction（互动）with their teacher. 6 for the most part, graduates
would go on for higher schooling.
I’d always supposed their parents were over-protective, for they were the ones that still
walked their 7 (five) graders into the classroom and met them at the school gate.
Admittedly, I laughed at those parents, 8 (think) their children would never learn to be
9 (independence) if they didn’t let go just a little. Then I had my own daughter. The moment I
looked at her little face, I 1 0 (know) I’d do everything in my power to protect her and make
sure she always felt safe!
（三）
My wife and I like watching plays, so we’ll go to the theater whenever we have time. But
9
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司before we buy tickets, we would like to know if the play is good or bad. When a new play comes,
we 1 (usual) read the newspaper to get information about it. Last week a new play was put
on at the theater. The newspaper said it was very 2 (interest) so we decided to go on
Saturday night. My wife took a long time to make up her 3 about what to wear and we left
our house a little late. 4 the time we got to the theater, the first act had already 5
(begin). After the play was over, we met some friends, 6 lived next to us several years ago.
Then we went dancing. By the time we got home, it was about two o’clock in the morning. I’m
not accustomed to 7 (stay) out so late and I was 8 (extreme) tired.
When I was younger, I didn’t have the money to go out for 9 evening like this. Though I
can afford it now, I don’t have the energy 1 0 (enjoy) it.
（四）
More than 1,250 lit stalls(货摊)brighten the center of Thailand’s capital city, 1 (provide)
a multicolored sight. The shelter, 2 is designed for the thousands of traders and shoppers at
Bangkok’s night market, has become an 3 (attract) itself.
The market, which 4 (call) Train Night Market Ratchada in English, was opened in
January 2015 and has become 5 popular spot for locals and tourists. Software engineer
Prasad Ambati visited the market and took the landscape photographs from a nearby car park.
"Those 6 (color) tents and people shopping, eating at stalls and the flashing lights were great.
The tents made me think of a giant painting."
This is 7 (primary) a market that sells yesteryear(旧时) goods, old-fashioned 8
(collection) of clothes, motorbikes, and second-hand toys. There are also plenty of general
market things for sale, 9 cheap clothes, shoes, bags, and other fashion items. But above all
it’s one of the best places for street food, open-air bars with live music frequently 10
(perform) all over.
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