专题16长难句与复杂句子分析-2023年高考英语一轮复习《考点•题型•技巧》精讲与精练高分突破系列（通用）（原卷版）_3.2025英语总复习_2023年新高考资料_一轮复习

专题 16 长难句与复杂句子分析 《考点•题型 •技巧》 考向分析 阅读理解得分低，往往是因为文章看不懂，文章中的句子之所以难以理解，有许多原因， 其中一个主要原因是句子太长或者句子结构复杂。 句子过长或者复杂通常是该句除了主干之外还包含了一些附加部分，如插入语、同位语、 分隔现象、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语等等。下面我们来谈谈几种英语阅读长难句 的处理方法 考点导航 考点01长难句的常见形式 1．复合句 这些句子往往较长，一个从句套着另一个从句。其实，不管句子有多长、多复杂，它 只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。主干主要指主谓宾结构(如：I want a ticket.)或主系 表结构(如：The man is a teacher.)。而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可 以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。应通过仔细 分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2．分隔结构 高考试题中出现较多的分隔结构是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。此 外，还有一些句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置，也可以看作是插入现象。 提醒：分析长难句时务必注意这些非限制性修饰成分，它们打断了原来的行文逻辑， 插入补充了一些额外的信息。 3．成分省略或倒装 在英语句子中，用词简洁是一条重要的修辞原则。省略主要是为了避免重复，突出关 键词并使上下文紧密连接。有时为了强调句子表达的重心，对句子进行倒装。 考点02长难句突破策略 通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握句子的基本框架的基本步骤是：首先，判 断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再 分清句子的附属成分。 方法一：较复杂单句的处理方法——找主谓语，即找主干成分 较复杂单句在高考试卷中经常出现，所以应引起同学们的足够重视。 方法二：并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词 方法三：主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词 方法四：并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列复合句，再看主从复合句 【题型分析】 1. The old man was puzzled by the fact that ________ medicine he took, ________ he seemed to be. A. the less, the better B. the most, the worst C. little, well D. the more, and the worst 2. ________ is no doubt that the Rio Olympics were a great success. A. There B. It C. When D. If 3. Work harder, Jim. __________you practice, __________ you can understand. A. The most; the best B. The more; the better C. The less; the better D. The least; the worst 4. It was the first time that she ______ such a heavy rain. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. had witnessed B. has witnessed C. should witness D. witnessed 5. —The weather forecast says it’s going to rain tomorrow. —Well, I prefer___________ rather than___________ on a rainy day. A. going out; staying at home B. to stay at home; go out C. going out; stay at home D. staying at home; to go out 6. We were heatedly arguing about the financial matter _______the telephone rang unexpectedly. A. while B. as C. as soon as D. when 7. Electricity plays __________ part in our life that it is unimaginable to live without it. A. such important B. so important C. such important a D. so important a 8. ___________is required that under no circumstances _______he betray his motherland even if there are temptations like money or beauty. A. What; can B. It; could C. It; should D. What; could 1. 努力减少生产产量并降低我们制作和购买的东西的数量是我们的义务。(cut back on) ________ production and reduce the number of things________. 2. ——你对考试成绩满意吗？ ——非常满意。这是我最好的成绩了。 —Are you content with the result of the exam? —Not a little. I ________ one.（“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义） 3. 鲍勃经常在健身房运动。难怪他身材那么好。 Bob often works out in the gym. ____________________. 4. It ________ ________ me that I had left my umbrella upstairs. 我突然想起我把伞忘在楼上了。 5. 如果你能就如何学好英语给我提供一些建议我将不胜感激。 I _________ _________ _________ _________ you could give me some advice on how to learn English well. 6. _________________________________________ to protect the environment. 该是我们采取措施保护环境的时候了。 3 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司7. _________________Lincoln is one of the greatest presidents in America. 林肯被公认为美国最伟大的总统之一。 8. 她立刻想到这些是暴风雨到来的信号。 ________________her that there were signs of an approaching storm. 检测训练 Ⅰ、单项选择 1. ( 河南)—What did Tom say to you just now, John? —He asked ________． A. why I am so happy today B. what will I do for the weekend C. who did I play football with after school D. if I could go to the movie with him tonight 2. ( 广东)—I wonder ________． —It will fall on a Saturday. A. how will National Day fall on this year B. how National Day will fall on this year C. what day will National Day fall on this year D. what day National Day will fall on this year 3. ( 武汉)—What did the teacher say to you? —He asked me ________． A. why I look unhappy then B. when did I go home last night C. how could I solve the problem D. if I had got everything ready 4.. ( 南宁)—Could you please tell me ________？ —At 8：00 pm. A. when will the train leave B. when the train will leave C. where the train will go D. where will the train go 5.. ( 兰州)What a lovely toy race car! Could you please tell me ________？ 4 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. why did you get it B. when will you get it C. where you got it D. how will you get it 6.. ( 成都)—Could you tell me________？ —My life is not what it used to be. A. what you think of yourself B. how you like your present life C. what your life is like after you became famous 7. ( 哈尔滨)—Look at the man in blue! Do you know________？ —Oh, he is a policeman. A. what does he do B. what he does C. how he does 8.. ( 呼和浩特)There are so many foggy days recently. We all wonder ________． A. how is the air polluted B. why the air is seriously polluted C. what can we do to prevent that bad weather D. what are the real reasons 9. ( 连云港)—What did Max just say to you? —He asked me ________． A. if I would like to go skating B. when did I buy this CD C. where I will spend the weekend D. that I had a good time 10. ( 青岛)—Excuse me. Could you tell me ________ about the local history and culture? —Of course. You can check it on this computer. A. how can I get the information B. what information did I get C. where I can get the information D. that I got the information 11. ( 滨州)—Which song do you like better, Maria? —I prefer the song Manual of Youth ________ is sung by TFBOYS. A. which B. who C. whom D. where 12. ( 天水)My grandparents still live in that old village ________ the local government has 5 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司decided to keep. A. which B. where C. when D. what 13. ( 十堰)Shiyan is one of the best places ________ people would like to visit. A. that B. which C. where D. who 14.—What kind of TV show do you prefer? —I like the ones ________ make me laugh. A. who B. whom C. that D. what 15..( 绵阳)I prefer movies ________ me something to think about. A. which gives B. that gives C. that give D. who give 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司7 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司