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专题 38 书面表达之读写任务及概要写作
《考点•题型 •技巧》
第1步 读懂原文，明确篇章结构
写概要之前，一定要先通读原文， 确定文章的体裁和主题。在正确把握文章主旨和段
落大意后，明确原文的篇章结构。 根据意义划分文中的自然段，意义段的数量对应的就是
要点的数量。
[提醒] 一个自然段不一定是一个要点，有时几个自然段说明一个要点，有时一个自
然段包含数个要点。
第2步 去次留精，提炼关键信息
·明确全文的篇章结构后， 就要处理原文的内容，目的是保留主要内容，删除次要内
容。
·先找出主题句，同时标注与主题相关的关键词，最后归纳的要点往往是这些词句的同
义转述。
·原文描述性的语言、细节性的信息如列举数字和列举的事例等无须在概要中一一列
出。
第3步 归纳要点 合理转换表达
明确每个意义段的关键信息后，接下来应用自己的语言准确地表达各意义段的要点。
为避免和原文的句子重复， 可利用同义转述和句式转换这两种形式归纳要点。各要点的词
数应根据文中对应内容的篇幅来定，分清主次。
转换表达注意遵循2个原则
①不增不减不曲：客观精准地表述原文要点，不增添不属于原材料的信息或删减原材
料关键信息或改变原材料所表达的意思。
②不繁：在正确理解原文的前提下，用简洁的语言表达与所给材料一致的信息。
第4步 句式多样 注意过渡衔接
在概要中合理使用非谓语、从句和特殊句式等使句式丰富多样，但句子结构不可过
长，也不要用太复杂的句子结构。同时选用适当的过渡衔接词衔接上下文，保证概要部分
内容的连贯性。
【题型分析】
1、请阅读下面有关中国题材纪录片(documentary)的对话，并按照要求用英语写一篇150个
词左右的文章。
Su Hua: Hi, Li Jiang! Did you see the BBC documentary on CCTV 9 last week?
Li Jiang: You mean Du Fu: China’s Greatest Poet? Yes, I did. Fantastic!
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Su Hua: Just think an English actor recites Chinese poems.
Li Jiang: I don’t really understand every line he recites, but I believe he truly loves the poems
himself.
Su Hua: Right. It is reported that the film is well received outside China.
Li Jiang: Yeah, It’s my first time to hear Chinese stories told by an English speaker.
Su Hua: In fact, documentaries about our country are plentiful both at home and abroad.
These films can help foreign friends better understand this land-Chinese literature, geography
history, food...
Li Jiang: I couldn’t agree more.
（写作内容）
1.用约30个词概括上述对话的主要内容；
2.谈谈中国题材纪录片受到外国朋友欢迎的原因(至少两点)。
（写作要求）
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
（评分标准）
内容完整语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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2、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising
Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We’ve gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when
parents tended to be more strict.” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they’re building
their children’s confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. Too much praise can
backfire and, when given in a way that’s insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a
risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents’ praise has put them.
Still, don’t go too far in the other direction. Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司as giving too much. Kids will feel like they’re not good enough or that you don’t care and, as a
result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that the quality of praise is more important
than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as
often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. “We should especially recognize
our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal,” says Donahue, author
of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One
thing to remember is that it’s the process not the end product that matters.”
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he’s out there every day
and playing hard, you should praise his effort regardless of whether his team wins or loses.
Praising the effort and not the outcome can also mean recognizing your child when she has
worked hard to clean the yard, cook dinner, or finish a book report. But whatever it is, praise
should be given on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate(相称的) to the amount of effort your
child has put into it.
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检测训练
1、请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
Li Jiang: Have you heard this? A group of exchange students from the UK are visiting our school
next month.
Su Hua: Yes, I have. Some are already recommending the traditional Chinese dress for the
welcome ceremony.
Li Jiang: But it seems people have different opinions.
Su Hua: What do you think?
Li Jiang: I think it’s a good idea. It’s an opportunity to make the Chinese culture better known to
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司international students.
Su Hua: I agree. But we don’t have to dress that way. That’s not our daily style. Besides, it’s not
very convenient.
Li Jiang: You see, it’s the Chinese culture that the British friends are coming for. Just the right
occasion.
Su Hua: I prefer the school uniform. It’s nice. It’s also a better display of our school culture.
（写作内容）
1. 用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；
2. 在上述场合，你是否倾向于穿中国传统服装？请说明理由(不少于两点)。
（写作要求）
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 不必写标题。
（评分标准）
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
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2、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look
and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a
college campus(校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic
equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time
to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be
more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four
years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one.
There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications
even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won’t be as
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!
If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some
time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend.
It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don’t like about certain
campuses, things that you wouldn’t know unless you actually visit.
Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at
CollegeWeekLive. It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college
counselors (顾问), and it won’t cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at
collegeweeklive.com. While visiting an online college fair can’t take the place of an actual
campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make
an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.
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3、请认真阅读下面有关我国电影票房收入（box-office income）的柱状图及相关文字，并
按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司One Day in 2016.At Home.
Son:Mum, shall we go and see a film tonight?
Mother: Why bother?We can stay at home and watch films online. It’s convenient with our
new and faster network
Son: But it feels good in a cinema.
Mother: And the price… We have to pay 50 yuan a ticket.
Son: Only 10 yuan more than last year.
Mother: But still we cannot get the money’s worth.Some films are just boring…
【写作内容】
1.用约30个单词概述柱状图信息的主要内容；
2.我国电影票房收入变化的原因有哪些，简要谈谈你的看法（上述对话仅供参考，原因不
少于两点）；
3.谈谈你对我国电影票房收入走向的看法，并简要说明理由。
【写作要求】
1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
4、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。
Although being famous might sound like a dream come true, today’s stars, feeling like zoo
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司animals, face pressures that few of us can imagine. They are at the center of much of the world's
attention. Paparazzi(狗仔队)camp outside their homes, cameras ready. Tabloids(小报) publish
thrilling stories about their personal lives. Just imagine not being able to do anything without
being photographed or interrupted for a signature.
According to the psychologists, celebrities(名人)worry constantly about their public
appearance. Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way
fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names. Over time,
they feel separated and alone.
The phenomenon of tracking celebrities has been around for ages. In the 4th century B C,
painters followed Alexander the Great into battle, hoping to picture his victories for his admirers.
When Charles Dickens visited America in the 19th century, his sold-out readings attracted
thousands of fans, leading him to complain about his lack of privacy. Tabloids of the 1920s and
1930s ran articles about film-stars in much the same way that modern tabloids and websites do.
Being a public figure today, however, is a lot more difficult than it used to be. Superstars
cannot move about without worrying about photographers with modern cameras. When they say
something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in
minutes and keep their "story" alive forever.
If fame is so troublesome, why aren't all celebrities running away from it? The answer is
there are still ways to deal with it. Some stars stay calm by surrounding themselves with trusted
friends and family or by escaping to remote places away from big cities. They focus not on how
famous they are but on what they love to do or whatever made them famous in the first place.
With these effective approaches, some celebrities relieve the stress and remain popular with fans.
Consequently, though being famous is driving some stars crazy, some wise ones enjoy what
reputation brings them.
5、请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司[写作内容]
1. 用约 30 个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;
2. 结合上述信息,简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因;
3. 根据你的分析,从社会规范(rules and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不
少于两点)。
[写作要求]
1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;
2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
3. 不必写标题。
[评分标准]
内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
6、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
It is important that you teach your baby to read at an early age. Why? Obviously, being able
to read is the basis for any successful education, so the earlier they start, the better. All too often,
parents leave educating their children up to schools, which probably explains why the United
States is currently ranked 18th in its rate of reading and writing.
Teaching your baby to read provides brain exercise and it has also been shown to increase the
baby’s IQ because there is simply no better time in a person’s life for learning than when they are
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司babies. During this time, their brains are developing rapidly. The sooner they begin to read, the
sooner they can begin to learn other subjects. This way, by the time your children begin school,
they will already know what’s being taught, and will be put on the fast track. Maybe they will
even skip a grade down the road. One of the cases was 17-month-old Elizabeth Barrett who drew
public’s attention. She was given a series of words and even sentences that she could read quite
well. Her parents had been reading to her since she was born and had provided her with a very
early education.
Reading is the most important thing to teach babies at a young age. It doesn’t have to be
stressful or difficult for your child. Learning can be fun at such an early age, and it can be
accomplished so easily that they won’t have to struggle in order to learn.
If you’re interested in teaching your baby to read，the best way to start is by spending just a
few minutes every day. Flash cards are a helpful tool. Simply show your baby matching picture on
the opposite side. There are also videos that help to teach babies to read. There is no better time to
teach your baby to read than the present.
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7、阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
The manta ray is one of the largest fishes in the world, reaching up to 29 feet in width. And
manta rays are some of the friendliest creatures. They allow divers to swim right up to them.
Unfortunately, these gentle animals are in big trouble. Since 2011, manta rays have been listed as a
threatened species worldwide.
Overfishing is considered the biggest threat to giant manta numbers, both intentional and
accidental. People catch manta rays for their gill plates — the parts through which they filter their
food from seawater — are sold in China for medical purposes. Driven by the huge demand,
fishermen have hunted them mercilessly. From 2010 to 2013, the number of rays killed annually
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司to supply the gill plate market tripled to 150,000. Clearly, overfishing is bad for any sea creature,
but it’s even worse for giant manta rays. Female mantas usually have only one baby, every two to
five years. So every manta ray that was caught hurts the population in a big way.
To protect giant manta population, Peru, a country in South America, recently took a big step
to protect giant manta rays. It banned fishing for them. People who break the law can be fined or
have their fishing licenses taken away. Even manta rays caught accidentally in fishing nets must
be released. Although other countries have passed laws to protect manta rays, Peru’s may be the
most important one yet, because there are more giant manta rays in the Pacific Ocean near Peru
than in any other place in the world.
Scientists working in the Manta Trust, an organization that researches manta rays, are also
trying to protect manta rays by learning more about them. Earlier this year, the organization
attached video cameras, called Crittercams, to manta rays off the west coast of Mexico. The
photos the cameras collect could help researchers predict where and when manta rays swim. The
scientist could use the information to warn fishing boats to avoid these areas, helping reduce the
number of accidentally caught manta rays.
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8、 阅读下面短文，根据内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Bees are very strange creatures. They have their own way of telling each other that they have
found a new flower. They bring some of its nectar (花蜜) back home and then do a little dance that
shows where the flower is and how far away it is.
In autumn the worker bees go out and collect as much nectar and pollen (花粉) as they can
carry. Then they return to make honey and store it for the long cold winter.
Bees build their own houses but they do not always have round tops like people draw them in
storybooks. They are usually five storeys high. The queen bee always has the bottom storey. In
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司between the bottom storey and all the rest there are bars only just wide enough for the workers to
pass through. The queen bee can never go up to the other floors because she is bigger than all the
other bees. The storeys the queen can’t enter are where the store rooms are. There are rooms for
pollen, nectar and royal jellies (蜂王浆). If there is a fire the workers have to cover the walls and
entrance of the rooms. They have to move the honey and the nectar and pollen away from the hot
walls of the room.
The queen is the only that can lay eggs. She mates with a male bee called a drone. Once the
queen has laid the eggs she throws the drone out because a drone just sits around eating honey and
nectar. He cannot go out and collect pollen because drones do not have pollen-carrying things on
their legs like the workers have.
Young bees are called nurses because they have to nurse the newborn bees whether they like
it or not. What a bee ends up being when it grows up depends on what it eats. If it is to be a queen
it must feed on royal jellies and it must never, ever set eyes on another queen. If it does they must
fight till only one of them is still alive.
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