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专题十五 书面表达概要写作专练
1. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Technology is forever changing the way we get our news. Many people now get a lot of news on
electronic devices, instead of traditional media, such as newspapers, television or radio. According to a
report, an increasing number of people are also turning to social media for information.
Now, there is a new technology that could greatly change the way we get news: computer-created
news readers. Recently, China launched what it called the world's first artificial intelligence, or AI news
presenters.
The news readers, supported by machine learning technology, are based on two real-life Chinese
newsmen. One is able to present newscasts in English, and the other, in Mandarin. Chinese reports said
machine learning was used to examine video images and sounds of the two newsmen. The similar
technology has been used to create video products, known as "deepfake" videos. A deepfake video looks
real, but is electronically changed. Such videos can make people appear to say things they have never said
before.
It was said that the AI presenters would be a great improvement to the news team because they "can
work 24 hours a day" on its website and on social media. One of the presenters even promised to work
"tirelessly" to keep people informed. Some machine learning experts said the system showed China's latest
progress in voice recognition, text-to-speech technology and data analysis.
Others wondered about the effects robots might have on employment and workers. Some people
argued that only low-level jobs requiring heavy labor would be easily replaced by robots. Others praised
the technology as a way for companies to make money from low-cost labor machines. Some businesses
have experimented with similar technology for possible use in news operations.
Britain's BBC recently released a video that used machine learning to make it look like one of its
news readers speaking different languages. The London-based company that developed the system said its
goal is to "remove the language barrier" for many different kinds of video across the Internet.
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2. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
With more cellphone companies designing models for children, many parents are attracted to buy
their kids phones, and pay the bill. According to a July 2012 study, 56% of parents of children aged 8 to 12
have given their children a cellphone. According to a recent YouthBeat survey, 12 is the magic number. It
is the most common age for kids to get their first cellphone. But 13% of children aged 6 to 10 already have
one. That's more than one out of every 10 kids.
Cellphone supporters, including many parents, note that cellphones help kids keep in touch with their
friends and families, whether to ask for a ride home from football practice or to call for help when stuck inan emergency(紧急情况). Besides, some cellphones designed for kids can be controlled with settings that
allow the phone to only be used in parent-permission ways. What's the harm in that?
However, other people are worried about the effects of cellphones on kids' health and safety. They
believe that sending text messages or fielding phone calls while doing homework makes it difficult for kids
to stay focused, thus resulting in their poor school work. They also say that kids are spending too much
time texting instead of talking to each other. "Our brains evolved(进化) to communicate face to face," says
Gary Small, a professor of psychiatry at the UCLA School of Medicine, in California. "A lot of this is lost
with texting."
And some experts are also concerned about possible health risks. They worry that radiation(辐射)
released by cellphones could be harmful to young people. To be safe, they advise limiting talk time.
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3. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Choosing the right college can be a difficult task. There are thousands of colleges and universities for
you to choose from and many are worthy of being considered. For each potential college, find out the
success rate of students' getting their jobs, especially those related to your majors. Here are some
strategies(策略) for you to make the right choice.
Colleges which offer practice in some of the fields are worthy of your attention. It can provide you
with a large amount of information on job-hunting. Companies often prefer employees that perform well.
Practice gives you the valuable experience and necessary opportunities. Some practical skills that you learn
will really prepare yourself for certain jobs. Besides, choosing a college that has teacher members with
good reputations in their fields can also be very useful since these teacher members can provide you with
steps towards the working world by practice.
School rankings and a national reputation for academic success are often important factors(因素) for
your potential employers. This type of information can be found easily on the Internet and in magazines.
To the employers, graduates from colleges ranking high are often considered more reliable. They usually
have a stronger ability to learn and are more likely to create wealth for the company. Sometimes it can
even be a more important factor in looking for a job than the actual quality of education the college
provides.
After narrowing down your choices to a few colleges, it's time to visit them. Taking a look at the
campus(校园) can change your attitude to a particular school. Plan your tour and then do some research on
your own. It is also important to talk to as many students as you can and find out if earning a degree from
the school is helpful in getting a job. Meanwhile, you can speak to the students in the majors you're
considering to know what the courses are like, what you'll learn, and what your expected outcome will be.
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4. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Many people think that listening is a passive business. It is just the opposite. Listening well is an
active exercise of our attention and hard work. It is because they do not realize this, or because they are not
willing to do the work, that most people do not listen well.
Listening well also requires total concentration upon someone else. An essential part of listening well
is the rule known as "bracketing". Bracketing includes the temporary giving up or setting aside of your
own prejudices and desires, to experience as far as possible someone else's world from the inside, stepping
into his or her shoes. Moreover, since listening well involves bracketing, it also involves a temporary
acceptance of the other person. Sensing this acceptance, the speaker will seem quite willing to open up the
inner part of his or her mind to the listener. True communication is under way and the energy required for
listening well is so great that it can be accomplished only by the will to extend oneself for mutual growth.
Most of the time we lack this energy. Even though we may feel in our business dealings or social
relationships that we are listening well, what we are usually doing is listening selectively. Often we have a
prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the
conversation over as quickly as possible or redirected in ways more satisfactory to us. Many of us are far
more interested in talking than in listening, or we simply refuse to listen to what we don't want to hear.
It wasn't until toward the end of my doctor career that I have found the knowledge that one is being
truly listened to is frequently therapeutic(有效的). In about a quarter of the patients I saw, surprising
improvement was shown during the first few months of psychotherapy (心理疗法), before any of the roots
of problems had been uncovered or explained. There are several reasons for this phenomenon, but chief
among them, I believe, was the patient's sense that he or she was being truly listened to, often for the first
time in years, and for some, perhaps for the first time ever.
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5. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Sometimes people complain that getting to work in a big city is no easy matter, just like the popular
saying goes, "Taking a bus is too crowded, getting a taxi is too expensive, buying a car is not practical." It
seems that traffic jams and cities go hand in hand. Everyone complains about being stuck in traffic;
however, like the weather, no one seems to do anything about it. Needless to say, traffic jam occurs where
there are lots of people but limited spaces. However, there are indeed some things you can do to reduce the
time you spend in traffic jams.
For example, the highway is not always the fastest way to get from Point A to Point B. Research the
area and check online maps to see if you can find a shorter route to work, which usually flows moresmoothly during rush hour and can help reduce much of your driving time. From the above you may know
that alternative route is of great importance.
Let's take another example. Most of the population works from 8 am to 5 pm, which means that the
majority of traffic jams happen around 7 am and 6 pm. So if you want to avoid a traffic jam, talk to your
manager about arriving at the office earlier and leaving earlier. If some of us and companies can do like
this, the conditions of heavy traffic can be changed in a way.
Finally, you can take gymnastics, dance or yoga classes after work to avoid traffic jams. Actually,
there are many reasons for us to take exercise classes and to the gym, instead of shopping and entertaining
friends after work. This is a clever solution that can also help people improve their health and meet others
with similar interests.
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6. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In the field of business, getting negative feedback (反馈) from customers is commonly annoying.
Every company always wants to please its customers with its products or services. Every company wants
to get positive comments from its customers rather than get criticism. Not all people know that negative
feedback actually provides various benefits for companies. Here are some of the benefits of getting
negative feedback.
Whether a person is selling a product or a service to another person or organization, when there is
negative feedback, he or she will improve the quality of the product or service. Every person or
organization would like to please and keep their angry customers and the only way to do this is review the
complaint and take necessary steps to win back the customers' trust. Throughout the process, the quality of
services and products will be improved.
Negative feedback may also cause many changes in a company. Receiving criticism can give the
company the chance to adjust its goals to meet the needs or the expectations of its customers. For
companies that offer products or services, negative feedback from customers may also cause them to create
new and better products or services which could bring in more success and more customers.
If companies are able to pay great attention to the problems raised by customers, they may also gain
loyalty(忠诚) from them. Studies have shown that customers actually become more loyal to a product or a
service when their problems attract the companies enough attention. Many customers may complain, but
they can also become loyal to a product or a service when they are being listened to and when their
problems are properly dealt with.
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_____________________________________________________________________________________答案以及解析
1. 答案：
Technology has been updating our source of information. Now, one technology, so-called AI news
reader, has become a hit. This new invention is based on two great Chinese newsmen, broadcasting both in
English and Chinese. One advantage of the technology is that it can work non-stop. Many companies,
including BBC, are trying to produce better learning machines.
2. 答案：
Many parents tend to buy cell phones for their kids. Supporters think phones, with security settings,
are a good tool for kids to contact others, especially in an emergency. However, others argue being
attached to phones may harm both kids' school work and their real communication skills. Therefore,
worried about potential health risks, some experts advise the youth to reduce their time on the phone.
3. 答案：
Challenging as it is to choose an ideal college, there're some tips that may help. First, colleges that
provide practice and have distinguished teachers in certain fields are worth considering. Second, it's
advisable to search for academic rankings and reputations, which your future employers may care about.
After you have candidates, visit them and enquire more of related students.
4. 答案：
Contrary to common belief, listening well is an active process calling for focus and effort.
Bracketing, a principle to follow in listening well, means listening with empathy and acceptance. However,
few can become good listeners because they are somewhat self-centered and tend to listen purposefully.
Based on the previous medical practice, the author thinks that doctors' attentive listening may aid patients'
recovery.
5. 答案：
People in big cities frequently meet the problem of traffic jams. The author proposes three
suggestions to help us better cope with the matter. People ought to make use of online maps that are
originally devised for finding a shortcut. Negotiation between companies and staff concerning working
time is recommended. People are encouraged to do something beneficial like exercise to avoid the jam.
6. 答案：
Customers' negative feedback actually does good to companies. First, through dealing with
customers' negative feedback, they will improve the quality of the products or service. Second, negative
feedback may help companies adjust their goals so that they may gain more success. Third, negative
feedback can help companies gain customers' loyalty as long as they pay enough attention to the feedback.
