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专题 18 书面表达中的高级结构
《考点•题型 •技巧》
考点导航
考点01 高级词汇结构演化
1. occur 替换 think of
2. devote替换spend
3. seek替换want / look for
4. average 替换ordinary
5. but替换very
6. seat 替换sit
7. suppose 替换should
8. appreciate 替换thank
9. the case替换 true
10. on替换as soon as
11. due to替换because of
12. cover替换walk/read
13. contribute to替换 be helpful/useful
14. round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby
16. have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
17. come up with替换think of
18．set aside替换save
19. be of + n. 替换adj.
20. refer to 替换talk about/of, mention
21. can not but / can not help but替换have to do
22. more often than not替换usually
23. lest替换so that /in order that
24. be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替换want to do sth./wish for
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司25. be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
26. more than替换very
27. perfect (ly) 替换good/ very well
28．do sb a/the favor 替换help
29．the other day替换a few days ago
30. in the course of替换during
31. the majority of替换most
32. consist of替换be made up of
33．be worn out替换 be tired / broken
考点02高级句型结构选用
◆ It句型
① It will be + some time + before„
② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.
③ It is + 被强调部分 + that„
◆ more „than any other 表示最高级
◆ 名词从句
◆（非限制性）定语从句
◆ 分词结构
◆ with结构
◆ 倒装句
◆ 被动语态
◆ 巧妙的改写
（1） Only 改成no one but
（2）as soon as „改成No sooner„than„/Hardly„when„/Immediately„/The moment
（3） have sb/sth do/done
（4） 变换插入语的位置
（5）用同位语代替非限制性定语从句
（1）注重句子的开头
① 用with复合结构开头
② 用非谓语动词形式开头
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）
考点03观点陈述高级句型示例
（一）批驳句型
1. It is true that …, but one vital point is being left out.
2. There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
3. Some people say …, but it does not hold water.
4. Many of us have been under the illusion that…
5. A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
6. It makes no sense to argue for …
7. Too much stress placed on … may lead to …
8. Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that …
9. Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that …
（二）比较句型
1. The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.
2. The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
3. A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that…
4. It is reasonable to maintain that …but it would be foolish to claim that…
5. For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
6. Like anything else, it has its faults.
7. A and B has several points in common.
8. A bears some resemblances to B.
9. However, the same is not applicable to B.
10. A and B differ in several ways.
11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
12. People used to think …, but things are different now.
13. The same is true of B.
14. Wondering as A is, it has its drawbacks.
15. It is true that A … , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are …
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司（三）表示“数据”的常用句型
1. had the largest percentage/proportion of…
2. account(s) for/take(s) up 10%…
3. Compared with A, B has a higher percentage.
4. On the top of the list of…, which accounts for 60%.
5. At the bottom is…,which takes up 20%.
6. A is second to B.
7. A is ranked/rated first, followed by B at 30% and C at 25%.
（四）表示“说明”的常用句型
1. As we can see from the chart/graph/table/diagram…
2. The chart/graph/table/diagram shows/displays that…
3. As/Can be show in/According to the chart/graph/table/diagram…
4. The figures/statistics in the chart reflect /show/reveal (that)…
5. The chart/graph/table/diagram illustrates/describes…
6. It is clear/apparent/from the chart/graph/table/diagram…
（五）提出解决方案的常用句型
1. The first key factor to solve this problem…Another key factor is…
2. People have found many solution/approaches to dealing with this problem.
3. Then how should we solve this problem? Here are some suggestion which may be some of help.
4. Faced with…we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.
5. It is high time… Here are a few examples that might be taken immediately.
6. We need it take a fresh/dear/look at this matter/situation in a new perspective/from a winder
standpoint. Otherwise, we won’t come anywhere near solving it.
7. It is essential/indispensable/that proper action/effective measures should be taken to reverse this
situation/trend.
8. No effective/simple solution can be at hand/tackle the problem of… But the general first step in
the right direction.
（六）分析原因常用句型
1. The reasons can be listed as follows. For one thing…For another…
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司2. What has contributed to this problem? In the first place…In the second place…
3. Perhaps the main/primary/most important reason is…
4. It is no easy to identify the reason for… which involve several complicated factors.
5. A number of factors could account for/lead to/contribute to/result in/be conductive to…
6. One may trace/attribute this problem to…
7. This problem may result from/ largely due to/stem from a combination of factors.
8. The explanation for this phenomenon involves many complex reasons…
9. There are a variety of reasons for this phenomenon.
10. There are three reasons for this.
（七）表示“说明”的常用句型
1. As we can see from the chart/graph/table/diagram…
2. The chart/graph/table/diagram shows/displays that…
3. As/Can be show in/According to the chart/graph/table/diagram…
4. The figures/statistics in the chart reflect /show/reveal (that)…
5. The chart/graph/table/diagram illustrates/describes…
6. It is clear/apparent/from the chart/graph/table/diagram…
【题型分析】
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Sigrid finished milking the cow and stepped out of the barn into the cold air. It was almost
summer, but icebergs still filled the narrow sea. She set the bucket down, only to find that the milk
reached merely halfway to the top. If we don't get more food soon, she thought anxiously, we will
have to eat the cow. And then what will we do?
Grandfather used to tell her that when their Norse ancestors first came to Greenland, the
fields were rich with grass. But in recent years, the climate has been getting colder and the
summers shorter. When her grandfather was a little boy, there were as many as fifteen cows in the
family's barn. Now there is just one. And the family has barely enough hay to feed it.
A gust of wind sending a chill down her spine, Sigrid stuffed her hands into the pockets to
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司warm them. Her fingers felt her most prized possession, a piece of red cloth she'd had since she
was a small girl. She took the cloth out of her pocket and let it unfold. It was barely longer than
her arm. But its brilliant colour was bright against the stark(荒凉的) landscape. The cloth had
once been part of a dress—in happier, more prosperous times. Nobody dresses like that anymore.
With ice-filled seas, ships no longer arrive with foods and goods to trade. All of a sudden,
movement on the water caught Sigrid's eye. A light boat moved silently between the icebergs. An
Inuk boy, about Sigrid's age, was looking her way, staring at the red cloth fluttering(飘动) in the
breeze. A hunting weapon was tied to the front of his boat. And dragging behind it was a large
fish. Sigrid knew there had been fights between the Inuit and the Norse. But the boy had a kind
face and did not reach for his weapon.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
She couldn't help but wonder what to do.
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The boy put the cloth into his pocket and returned to his boat.
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2019年的冬天，一种新型冠状病毒(the pneumonia epidemic )在武汉华南海鲜市场滋生，悄
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司然从野生动物传染给人类。据央视新闻客户端消息，截至 2020年1月29日24时，我国已
累计报告新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎确诊病例7711例，死亡170例。
新型冠状病毒疫情在武汉早期确诊的病例，与武汉华南海鲜市场关系很密切。调查显示，
此前在海鲜市场中有非法售卖野生动物现象。人类生存离不开野生动物，但现实生活中野
生动物被捕食或作他用比比皆是。
请根据以下表格写篇Protecting Wild Animals的英语作文。
素材要点： 1.写作应包括表格及文字等各项内容。2.为使写作流畅,在不影响主题
表达完整准确的前提下,允许必要的增减与发挥。3.词数100左右。
高考英语作文范文：慰问信——疫情滞留表示关心，供考生学习参考。
假定你是高三学生李华，你的同学王平春节去武汉探亲因新冠状病毒肺炎疫情迅速扩散，
他有发热症状而暂时滞留武汉，请你代表全班同学给此时处于焦虑和郁闷中的他写一封英
文慰问信。
要点如下：1. 对其表示关心和同情。2. 对其表示安慰并提供帮助。3. 表达愿望和祝福。
注意：1. 词数150左右;2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Wang Pin,Knowing
that
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司检测训练
1、假定你是学生李华，今年 9月将赴加拿大进修学习半年。请给你的加拿大笔友
Mike写一封邮件，希望他能帮你找一个合租公寓。要点如下:
1. 对公寓的要求:
2. 对室友的要求:
3. 表达感谢。注意:
1. 100词左右
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯:
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mike,
I am writing to ask you to lend me a hand.
Looking forward to your early replay.
Yours,
Li Hua
2、 假如你是光明中学的学生会主席.你校最近成立了一个英语演讲社团.打算面向全校
招募会员.请你以学生会的名义根据以下内容用英语写一则招募启事，内容包括:
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司1. 招募条件，热爱演讲.年级不限:
2. 简要说明加入社团的好处并呼吁大家参加:
3. 报名方式:扫描二维码并填写表格.
注意:1.词数:100左右:
2.标题和结尾已给出.不计入总词数:[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]
3可适当增加细节.使行文连贯
参考词汇：招募：recruit 描二维码：scan the QR code
Members wanted
______________________________________________________________________________
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3、假设你是高三学生李华，得知你的美国笔友 Peter要来中国旅游并在北京停留一
天。有两条浏览路线让他犹豫不决：（1）长城一日游；（2）天安门广场、故宫一日游。
Peter 想征询你的意见。请你根据以下内容，给他写一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1．欢迎你来北京旅游；
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司2．推荐路线并说明理由；
3．提出可以陪他浏览一天。
注意：户数不少于100~120.
4、假定你是李华，从小喜爱大熊猫（panda），一直通过有关网站（website）关注三
年前在美国 动物园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据
以下要点给动物园 工作人员写一封信： 1. 自我介绍； 2. 祝贺苏琳生日； 3. 感谢工作
人员； 4. 索取苏琳三岁生日照。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以
使行文连贯； Dear
5、假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume)。给
外教Ms Jenkins写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式（format)。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司6、假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike即将完成学业，不久前来信就是否到中国工作
询问你的意见。请根据以下提示回一封电子邮件：
1.建议他可以来中国；
2.阐述你的理由（就业机会多、专业受欢迎、不同的文化体验等）;
3.承诺可提供帮助。
注意：1.词数：100〜120；
2.文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
7、某英文杂志正在举办 “读一本好书”的活动，邀请你参加，内容包括:
1.谈谈你对阅读的看法；
2.分享一本对你影响最大的书。
注意：1.词数100左右，开头已写好，不计人总词数；
2.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称。
I feel it a great honor to be welcomed to get involved in such a meaningful
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司8、阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When his 13 year old son came home late from school last week, John Morrissette figured
he had just gone on “one of his usual walks”. It wasn’t until the next day that Morrissette found
out his intellectually disabled boy，Micheal，had been found in a Winnipeg garbage bin as
temperatures dipped to －15°C.
Morrissette said his son had been beaten by two men, thrown in the Dumpster and left to
freeze. He was found a few hours later by a woman who let him out. “I was very angry with the
guys who would do this to my son,” Morrissette said in an interview Thursday.“You can see he’s
a harmless child. He doesn’t talk much. He keeps to himself and two men have hurt him.”
The young teenager wasn’t seriously hurt, but Morrissette said he’s not letting him
walk_home alone anymore.The father’s faith in humanity is a little shaken. Morrissette said he
cannot believe there are people out there who would pick on a young boy simply walking home
from school.He’s only been able to get bits and pieces of what happened from Micheal who is “too
scared to talk about it”．
“We are sure we are living in a society that we all care about our children.But we feel so sad
and angry with that.For the children like my son! We can’t help them? We can’t protect them?”
said the father.
Nicole Lingoes, who works nearby, said that she heard weak cries for help as she walked past
the large garbage container, but was not sure where they were coming from. So a few hours later
she went back again to the_garbage_container and tried to find what happened.To her great
surprise, she found the boy sleeping and covered with garbage. “All he kept saying was‘Help,
They pushed me in here,” Langlois said. “I kept trying to talk to him and ask him who and he
didn’t talk back to me.” As soon as she helped him out, he ran away and headed for home a few
blocks away.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司9、阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Photos posted on the Instagram helped Winnipegger Jack Chester reunite with his birth
father in Colombia, 27 years after they last saw each other.The 31-year-old located his father,
Carlos Alberto Urrea, in the Colombian city of Armenia within the past week.The reunion came
after Chester spotted photos of his dad on social media in August.
“It’s been a crazy experience and very fun and very exciting that I finally found him,”
Chester said. Chester said he was born in Armenia, Colombia, but his mother, who is Canadian,
brought him and his older brother to Winnipeg. The boys’ father joined them at one point early
on but moved back to Colombia when Chester was four years old. He said they kept in touch for a
while through Chester’s grandmother.“When my grandmother passed away, my father no longer
had a number to contact us and we didn’t have one to contact him, so we kind of just lost contact
at that point,” Chester explained.“That was around my seventh birthday, so it’s been 27 years since
we’ve seen him and 24 years since he talked to my mother last.”
Then, over the August long weekend last year, Chester said he saw photos posted by Urrea on
the Instagram.“Then using the location of the Instagram picture I found he was in Armenia and I
chose to come out here, ” he said.
Chester flew_from Winnipeg to Colombia on Jan 5－6 with his friend Sean, who is
recording the journey. He said on their first night in Armenia, they met a man in the area who
offered to help them. “We sat down somewhere and had a beer and these people sitting right
beside us turned around. One of them spoke English and he started asking us where we’re from
and why we’re here, and Sean and I explain that we’re here so he could record me trying to find
my dad and that I was born here,” he recalled. “The guy was excited about this story and said, ‘I’d
love to help_you.’”
10、假定你是李华，当前你在英语学习方面遇到了一些问题。于是你向你校的外籍老师
Tom写一封求助信寻求帮助。要点如下：
1.本人简介。2.求助内容。3.希望得到Tom的帮助。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司11、假定你是李华，你们学校和一所美国中学签署了教师交流协议。在过去的一年里，你
们的英文老师是来自这所中学的Sue Wood。不久前她返回美国任教。请你根据下列写作要
点和要求给Sue写封电子邮件。
1.对她表达感谢之意。2.介绍她离开后你自己及班里发生的事情。3.希望了解她的近况。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
