文档内容
专题 05 动词(短语）
《考点•题型 •技巧》
考向分析
高考对动词和动词短语的考查主要集中在动词和动词的辨析，尤其是在特定语境中的
应用，动词和动词短语的熟词生义等。动词词义辨析题主要考查结合语境区分动词词义的
能力，因此我们在平时的学习中应当重视理解句子的本义和引申义，逐步养成琢磨句子的
含义以及对语境理解的习惯，为正确运用英语词汇夯实基础。对动词短语的考查形式为语
篇型填空中，给出动词，要求考生在射孔出填出与之搭配的介词或者副词。
复习建议
在学习过程中，要掌握常用动词的基本意义，注意一词多义和旧词新义。另外要多归
纳总结，做题时要结合语境。
考点导航
考点01 常用动词辨析
1.advise，persuade，suggest
1
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学科网（北京）股份有限公司advise用作及物动词，表示＂劝告，忠告，建议＂，强调提醒或引起注意；
persuade表示＂说服＂，强调劝说成功，主要搭配是：persuade sb.to do sth.说服某人做
某事（相当于 persuade sb. into doing sth.）；如表示劝说但不一定成功，则使用 try to
persuade sb.to do sth.或advise sb.to do sth.。
suggest用作及物动词，意为＂建议＂，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句，从句中的谓
语用＂should＋动词原形＂，should可以省略。
2．bring，take，carry，fetch
bring＂带来，拿来，取来＂，强调从别处带人或物到说话人所在地。
take＂拿走，带走＂，强调把人或物从说话者身边带走，方向与bring相反。
fetch＂去拿来，去取来＂，强调从甲地出发到乙地取物或人后，又回到甲地，相当于
go and bring。
carry＂携带，搬运，运送＂，强调用人力或车辆把人或物从一地运到另一地。
3．win，beat，defeat
win表示＂赢得，战胜＂时，宾语多是比赛项目等。win sb.则指＂赢得人心＂。
beat/defeat意为＂打败，击败＂，其宾语只能是人或由人组成的机构。
beat多用于表示在比赛或争论中战胜对手；
defeat多用于在战争中打败对手。
4．believe，believe in
believe表示＂相信，认为＂，侧重于相信某人说的话或所做事情的真实性，其后可
跟名词、代词、不定式的复合结构或宾语从句。
believe in表示＂相信，信任，信仰，信奉＂，其后常接真理、宗教、原则之类的名
词。
5．book，order
二者都有＂订购，预订＂之意，但book指订各种＂票，座位＂；而order指＂餐馆订
饭、菜，定做衣服，订货＂等，常用结构：place an order for sth. with sb.向某人订购某物。
6．choose，select，elect
choose表示＂选择，挑选＂，有时也表示＂推选，选举＂，但一般表示范围很小、普
通的选择，没有elect正式。 select表示＂（精心地）挑选，选定＂，具有＂精选＂之意。
elect表示＂选举＂，指较大范围的正式的选举。
7．disturb，interrupt
2
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学科网（北京）股份有限公司disturb是及物动词，有＂打扰，扰乱，使人心神不安＂之意。常用短语：
disturb the sleeping child/one’s plan/the public peace打扰睡觉的孩子/打乱计划/扰乱社会
治安；
be mentally disturbed精神上受到影响；be disturbed about对……感到不安。
interrupt有＂打断，打扰＂之意，侧重打断。常用短语：
interrupt the supplies中断供应
interrupt one’s speech打断演讲
8．hurt，injure，wound，harm
hurt是一般用语，指精神或肉体上受到的伤害，有较强烈的＂疼痛＂意味；
injure比hurt更正式，常指意外事故对身体或精神上的＂损害，损伤＂；
wound主要指外界暴力引起身体创伤，尤指战争中受的刀、枪、剑等伤；
harm指对人的肉体或精神带来伤害，特指伤及一个人或其心态、健康、权利、事业
等，使之产生痛苦、损失或任何不幸遭遇。
9．miss，lose
miss意为＂未能赶上（抓住），错过，失去，漏掉＂。而 lose意为＂丢失，迷失方
向，迷路＂。
10．fit，be fit for，be fit to，suit
fit用作及物或不及物动词，表示＂（衣服等）合适，使合身＂；
be fit for是形容词短语，表示＂适合的，能胜任的＂，for后接名词或动名词；
befit to表示＂适合，能胜任＂，to是动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。suit指颜色、
款式的＂适合＂，而fit指尺寸、大小的＂合适＂。
11．save，spare
save意为＂储蓄，节省＂，指把钱、时间及其他东西储蓄起来以备将来用，或指节省
东西，避免浪费，也指＂救命＂。而spare意为＂省＂，指细心地省下或节省钱、时间、力
气等，常表示省出一部分以留作他用。
12．seat，sit
seat是及物动词，意思是＂使坐下＂，可以接人作宾语，还可以用于被动语态。常见
搭配有：seat sb.使某人坐下；seat oneself自己坐下；be seated＝sit down坐好。而sit是不及
物动词，不能带宾语。
3
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学科网（北京）股份有限公司考点02 考查同根介词或副词动词短语的辨析
使用频率较高的这类动词有：call，cut，come，go，get，go，look，put，set，turn，
take，pay，pick，make等。常见的介词或副词有：in，off，out，up，away，for，on，over
等。
1.动词＋ away构成的短语动词有：
throw away扔掉 put away把……收拾好 give away捐赠，分发
carry away运走 run away 潜逃，跑开 go away 走开
2．动词＋ for构成的短语动词有：
answer for负责 provide for供给 all for要求
plan for打算，为……计划hope for希望，期待 ask for索取，寻找
send for派人去请 go for努力获取 pay for偿还，赔偿
3．动词＋on构成的短语动词有：
try on试穿，试验 put on穿上，上演 have on穿着，戴着
pull on穿，戴 hold on不挂断，坚持，继续 carry on继续开展，坚持
keep on继续 go on继续 get on上（车）
4．动词＋over构成的短语动词有：
come over过来 hand over移交 go over仔细检查，复习
get over克服，恢复 look over检查 think over仔细考虑
take over接受，接管 hand over 移交 turn over翻转
5．动词＋ up构成的短语动词有：
bring up抚育，培养 call up召唤，打电话给 come up走上前来，长出
cut up切碎 fix up修理 give up 放 弃 ； go up 上
升，增长
grow up 长大 look up尊敬，向上看，查寻 make up 虚构，弥补，组
成
put up举起，搭建 set up建立，创（纪录） pick up 捡起，（开车）接某
人，偶然得到
send up发射 show up 揭露，露面 turn up出现，把……调高一点
6．动词＋out构成的短语动词有：
4
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学科网（北京）股份有限公司come out出来 go out出去，熄灭 look out留神，当心
walk out走出 set out出发，开始 put out扑灭，生产
give out发出，发表 hand out分发 pick out挑选
find out找出，发现 speak out大声地说 turn out生产，结果是
get out出去，离开 carry out实行，执行 work out 计算出，解决，实
行，行得通
bring out出版 start out 出发，动身。
考点03 常见同根动词短语辨析
1.bring
bring in引进，挣得 bring about引起，导致
bring up养育，培养，呕吐，提出 bring out使展现，推出（书等）
bring down降低，使倒下 bring back把……带回来，使忆起
bring forth结果，生产，产生 bring forward提出，提前
bring off圆满完成（困难之事）
2．break
break down崩溃，瓦解，垮掉，失败，分解 break up 打碎，分解，分开，
结束，制止
break through逾越，突破，冲破 break away（from）挣脱，脱离
break out爆发 break in破门而入
break into进入建筑物以便行窃，突然发出，打扰 break off折断，中断
3．come
come about发生 come out结果出来，出版，开花
come across偶遇，被理解 come true变为现实
come up走上前，被提出，走近 come along一起来
come up with产生，发现（解决办法等）
4．give
give up放弃 give in屈服，呈交
give out 用尽，耗尽，分发，公布，发表
give off发出 give away颁发，赠送，送掉，捐赠
5
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学科网（北京）股份有限公司5．go
go against违背，与……不符，对……不利 go without勉强维持，凑合
go in for爱好，参加，从事 go by过去，依据，按照
go on继续，发生 go over复习，仔细审查，走近
go ahead 进行 go through 从头到尾地阅读，经历
go away走开，外出度假，消失 go for去取来或接来，争取得到
6．keep
keep away（from）使远离 keep back 扣除，保留，隐瞒不讲
keep off 避开 keep on继续
keep out 挡在外边，请勿靠近 keep up保持，不低落，持续，继续
keep up with跟上 keep down抑制（以防其增长）
7．look
look ahead向前看 look about环顾
look back回忆，回顾 look out当心，找出
look up向上看，查阅，看望 look down upon看不起
look through翻阅 look into调查，向内看
look after照看，负责处理 look on旁观
look forward to盼望 look round寻找，边走边看，观光
8．put
put back放回原处，拨回，阻碍，推迟 put down平定，镇压，记下
put away将事物放置于惯常保存之处，储蓄 put forward提出（计划、建议），
拨快，提前
put off延期 put on穿戴，上映
put out扑灭，生产 put up举起，张贴
9．take
take in吸收 take for 误认为
take out 拿出 take down 放下
take up从事，拿起，占据 take off 飞机起飞，脱下，休假，成功
take by攻占 take after像
take along 随身携带 take away带走，拿走，使离去
6
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学科网（北京）股份有限公司take back 收回，退回（所购商品） take charge 负责，掌管
take on呈现，雇佣 take out拿出，带……出去
take over 接管，接任
英语动词根据其意义和句法作用，可分为实义动词、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四
大类。实义动词又称行为动词，为表示动作或状态的动词，可以单独充当句子的谓语，实
义动词有及物动词和不及物动词两类。英语中的动词短语通常由动词加介词、副词、名词
等构成，在句中起动词的作用。高考设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试考
生在具体语境中对动词短语词意的辨析及其理解和运用能力。
【题型分析】
1.During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department
was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of
taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars?
41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down
42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay
2.He asks you questions and actually remembers the answers, so the next time you ride
with him, he'll ___21___ those things.
A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on
3.Raynor Winn and her husband Moth became homeless due to their wrong investment.
Their savings had been___36___ to pay lawyers’ fees.
A. drawn up B. used up C. backed up D. kept up
4.In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at music students, 36
（ strugglin g ） across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, 3 7
at school for practice hours 3 8 （ befor e ） anyone else had to be there.
A. rising up B. coming up C. driving up D. turning up
5.What if later in life they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity (机会) of
7
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学科网（北京）股份有限公司some sort, and instead o f opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56
it and wonder, “What if it isn’t a door?”
56. A. get hold of B. stare at C. knock on D. make use of
1.34.A city is the product of the human hand and mind, __________ man’s intelligence and
creativity.
A. resembling B. reflecting C. reviewing D. restoring
2.Working with the medical team in Africa has ____________ the best in her as a
doctor.
A. held out B. brought out C. picked out D. given out
检测训练
Ⅰ、单项选择
1.A sign of a liar is that his eyes are always __________, that’s to say, he
doesn’t dare to look into your eyes.
A. disagreeing B. wondering C. reflecting D. wandering
2.The visiting president answered journalists’ questions, saying the two countries
should seek common ground and __________differences on many problems.
A. examine B. explore C. assume D. reserve
3.We all__________Wang Yaping as an example of a woman who managed to fulfil
her dream.
A. look forward to B. look back
C. look up to D. look over
4.In Britain today, women__________44% of the workforce, and nearly half the
mothers with children are in paid work.
A. take up B. make up
C. pick up D. give up
5.As a student, I want to use my creativity to__________ possible solutions to the
problems I meet with.
8
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. explain B. express C. ignore D. explore
6.Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see their daughter ___________, get married, and have
kids.
A. settled down B. keep off C. get up D. cut in
7.After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of
ASL club’s meetings. I only learned how to 5 3 the alphabet that day.
52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain
53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count
8.Many businesses started up by college students have________ thanks to the comfortable
climate for business creation.
A. fallen off B. taken off
C. turned off D. left off
9.Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ____ her opinion on
the subject.
A. gave voice to B. kept an eye on
C. turned a deaf ear of D. set foot on
10.At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she
was so confidence about her skills.
A. gave in B. dressed up
C. broke in D. turned up
11. Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will ___________ sooner or later.
A．stand out B．break up
C．get out D．turn up
12.When the student wearing masks _______ Teng for a handshake, the president refused and
gestured for her to get off the stage.
A．reached out to B．caught up with
C．made up for D．took hold of
13.—This is the third time he has got the first place in the test !
—In my opinion，he is, ________，one of the best students in the class.
A．out of the question B．out of place
9
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
学科网（北京）股份有限公司C．out of question D．out of shape
14.—The photography he snapped on the summit of Huangshan has won the first prize.
—No surprise. He has an artistic discrimination in beauty and always has his camera ready
_________ he sees something that will make a good picture.
A．even if B．if only C．in case D．so that
15.—At last they resorted to court for this dispute.
—That is it. Where negotiations fail, they have to _________ the law.
A．shy away from B．look forward to
C．fall back on D．make allowance for
1
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
0
学科网（北京）股份有限公司1
原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！
1
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
