文档内容
第讲 19 句子成分、基本句型、长难句
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】句子成分的考查
【题型二】基本句型的考查
【题型三】长难句的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 句子成分的考查
（分析句子的主要句子成分）
1.（2024年湖南师大高三模拟）During the past several years, fake news has been a frequent topic of real news,
with articles considering the role of social media in spreading fake news.
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2.（湖南省百所学校 2023-2024 学年高三联考试题）When an application for admission is approved, the
university will send a notice of admission for ａspecific term.
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3.（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）While ebikes have become increasingly commonplace, they are still
undeniably expensive.
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4.（江苏省前黄高级中学 2023-2024学年高三学情检测） It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that
caters to meat-free diet.
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____________________________________________________________________________________________5.（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）Catherine Garland, a physics professor, started seeing
“the problem” in 2019.
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6.（湖北省腾云联盟2023-2024年高三联考试题）Following a trend without thinking carefully can make you
stressed and depressed
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7.（福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024年高三试题）A week later Quarles learned that she was having twins.
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8.（2024年河北省百事联盟试题）Warming in the Arctic, for example, is leading to loss of sea ice which
has left polar bears short of food.
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9.（2024年河北省百事联盟试题）Some classrooms consisted merely of sticks stuck in the sand and a metal
roof.
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10.（黑龙江2024年哈尔滨三中高三试题）“With visitor numbers around the world increasing towards pre-
pandemic levels, the issue of overtourism is once again rearing its head.
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题型二 基本句型的考查
1.（2024年湖南师大高三模拟）In the long run, the truth will win out.
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2.（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）Others were sceptical about the ability of language models to program robots
for complex tasks.
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3.（江苏省前黄高级中学2023-2024学年高三学情检测）Some may blame the generational incompetence.
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____________________________________________________________________________________________4.（湖北省腾云联盟2023-2024年高三联考试题）In fact, an efficient learner knows how to strike a balance
between work and rest.
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5.（福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024年高三试题）These days Quarles uses social media to document her joyful
motherhood journey.
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6.（2024年高三全国专项训练）He found the door of study closed to him.
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7.（2024年河北省百事联盟试题）Besides tai chi, Darrin also learned to perform Yuju Opera, which is
known for its melodic singing, amazing martial arts movements and stories.
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8.（2024年河北省百事联盟试题）She was showing me something in the backyard
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9.（黑龙江 2024年哈尔滨三中高三试题）There are ways to better manage tourism by promoting more off-
season travel, limiting numbers where possible and having greater regulation within the industry.
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10.（2024年江西省重点中学高三联考试题） What makes the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center an ideal place
for launching satellites?
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题型三 长难句的考查
1.（2024年湖南师大高三模拟）Schools want to address the issue of summer learning loss not only because it
may widen achievement gaps, but also because it“wastes”so much of the knowledge students have gained during
the school year.
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2.（湖北省腾云联盟2023-2024年高三联考试题）The brain science behind Alzheimer’s is complex, but CT andMRI scans suggest that poisonous changes occur in the brain, including the abnormal buildup of proteins called
amyloid plaques and tau tangles.
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3.（福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024年高三试题）The fact that it can be made better can’t diminish (降低) the
fact that it is a useful instrument for understanding the world.
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4.（2024 年辽宁省实验中学高三试题）The National Library of France, which now contains an astonishing
collection of 30 million, dates back to the14th century and this royal library was set up at the Louvre Palace by
King Charles V.
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5.（2024年辽宁省实验中学高三试题）While we complain about environmental destruction over Christmas,
environmentalists often forget what the holiday season actually means for many people.
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6.（2024 年江西省重点中学高三联考试题） If the satellite’s orbit is in the same direction as the Earth’s
rotation, a lower latitude adds to the speed when the satellite is launched, leading to lower fuel costs.
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题型 阅读理解
Passage 1 （2024年河南省名校联考高三试题）
New Caledonian crows are well-known for using different types of tools for preying (捕食) from tree holes
and other hiding places. While they firmly hold their tools in the bill, they need to put them down to eat. This is
when crows are at risk of losing their tools by accidentally dropping them or having them stolen by other crows.
In an earlier study, researchers in the UK had discovered that crows keep their tools safe when not needed,
using one of two “safekeeping” strategies—they either securely hold them trapped underfoot, or temporarily put
them into a nearby hole or behind bark. But are crows more careful when handling particularly valuable tools?
“Many of us will fuss (大惊小怪) about a brand-new phone, making sure it does not get scratched, dropped orlost. But we may handle an old phone with a cracked screen quite carelessly,” said lead author Barbara Klump from
the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Germany.
Crows at one of the team’s long-term study sites use two different kinds of stick tools: complex hooked tools
and basic non-hooked tools. The former are painstakingly crafted from a relatively scarce plant species, while the
latter are simply twigs (细枝) sourced from the forest floor. “Hooked tools are not only more costly to obtain, but
they are also much more efficient,” explained Barbara Klump. “Depending on the foraging (觅食) task, crows can
get prey with these tools up to ten times faster than with non-hooked tools.”
In their new study, the researchers now discovered that New Caledonian crows are more likely to keep
valuable hooked tools safe between uses than the more basic non-hooked tools. “It was exciting to see crows are
just a bit more careful with tools that are more efficient and more costly to replace. This suggests that they have
some conception of the relative value’ of different tool types,” noted study co-author James St Clair.
This is the first study to investigate how animals handle and store tools of different kinds, providing a new
way to measure how much they value these objects.
8．Why are phones mentioned in paragraph 3?
A．To indicate the necessity of phones in our daily life.
B．To emphasize people’s attachment to their old devices.
C．To stress the similarity between humans and crows.
D．To show people’s improper attitude to old things.
9．What’s the main advantage of a hooked tool?
A．It can be gotten easily. B．It can be adjusted freely.
C．It can make crows’ foraging more productive. D．It can prevent crows from danger.
10．What excited the researchers about the New Caledonian crows?
A．Their secret hiding places. B．Their unusual eating habits.
C．Their creation of complex tools. D．Their treatment of valuable tools.
11．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Crows Use Strategies to Gain Valuable Tools
B．Crows Learn to Use Special Tools for Preying
C．New Discovery of How Crows Make Tools
D．New Caledonian Crows Keep Favorite Tools Safer1.（2024年全国甲卷）In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with
an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving
on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
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2.（2024 年全国甲卷）You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for
them, and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
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3.（2024年新高考I卷）This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on
mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.
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4.（2022 全国甲卷 ) After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went out separate
ways--he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
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5.（2022年全国甲卷） Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and
64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy.
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6.（2022年全国甲卷）In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of
age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的)
shapes.
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7.（2021浙江卷） A couple of years ago film-maker David Bond realized that his children, then aged five and
three, were attached to screens to the point where he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear
without getting a response.
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8.（2022 浙江卷 1 月） With the help of Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using
alternating current(交流电)，which soon became the major form of power delivery.
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____________________________________________________________________________________________9.（2022年浙江卷 6月） The feeling of being able to see it and form my opinion is like breaking down
another wall as a blind person.
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10.（2022年浙江卷） Most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to
brown in the summer, each designed to give them better cover from predators (捕食者).
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