文档内容
句子成份与简单句基本句型
句子成分
句子不清、理解不明、一见长难句就发懵,皆因句子成分没划清。划分句子成分、拆分长难句是正确
理解、应用复杂句式的必备手段。
句子有若干个组成部分,分别承担着不同的作用,这些组成部分叫作句子成分。英语中的句子成分分为
主语(Subject)、谓语(Predicate)、宾语(Object)、表语(Predicative)、定语(Attribute)、状语(Adverbial)、补语
(Complement)和同位语(Appositive)。
(一)主语——习惯于发号施令,偶尔也会被赶下台
【重点提示】
在句子中,主语是谓语所表示的动作或状态的执行者。主语一般位于句子开头,且不能省略。但在某些
特定的句式里,如:疑问句、倒装句、祈使句、感叹句等,句子主语也可以“下台”而位于谓语动词之后或省
略。能够充当主语的主要有名词(短语)、主格代词、数词、动词-ing(短语)、动词不定式(短语)和从句等。
当主语为从句时,为避免头重脚轻,可用it作形式主语。
【考题再现】
(1)(2023·全国甲卷) His spirit of exploration has aroused people’s interest in nature.(名词作主语)
(2)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) I had doubts. I wanted to quit.But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. (代词作主语)
(3)(2023·全国乙卷) Learning photography has been an enriching experience.(动词-ing短语作主语)
(4)To bring a small gift is a good idea.(动词不定式作主语)
(5)To start with,what I intend to stress is that we are about to start our next lesson in Classroom 8 of the
Teaching Building at 10 am next Friday.(从句作主语)
(6)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) In my view, it is better that students can choose their own partners based on
their language abilities and personal preferences.(it 作形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语)
(二)谓语——坚决服从主语“领导”,执行命令雷厉风行
【重点提示】
谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或具有的特征,常位于主语之后。谓语可由动词、动词短语、系
表结构以及“助动词/情态动词+实义动词”充当,有时态、语态和语气的变化,同时又受到主语人称和数的
制约。语态判断的依据是看主语和动词之间的关系,如果两者之间是主动关系就用主动语态,如果两者之间
是被动关系就用被动语态。
【考题再现】
(1)Students can choose what they like to enrich their English-learning experiences.(“情态动词+实义动词”作
谓语)(2)The majority of students choose to listen to English songs.(实义动词作谓语)
(3)(2022·全国甲卷) Oceans are also crucial for the global climate development.(系表结构作谓语)
(4)(2021·全国乙卷) First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive
educational resources to broaden the horizons.(情态动词+动词短语作谓语)
(5)(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) I do expect Youth can publish more classic works and have a promising future.(实义动
词expect前加do强调谓语动词)
(6)(2021·全国乙卷) Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places.(谓语
动词是被动语态)
(三)宾语——一直受到压制,有时“翻身把歌唱”
【重点提示】
宾语表示谓语动作、行为的对象,一般位于及物动词和介词的后面,受到主语的限制和制约。宾语一般
由名词(短语)、宾格代词、动词-ing(短语)、动词不定式或从句充当,根据需要也可用it作形式宾语。宾语
在被动结构中才会“翻身把歌唱”。
【考题再现】
(1)(2022·全国甲卷) Furthermore, oceans provide most of the oxygen we breathe.(名词短语作宾语)
(2)(2022·全国甲卷) For example, stop throwing garbage into oceans.(动词-ing形式作宾语)
(3)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) I sincerely hope that you can accept my invitation.(从句作宾语)
(4)Don’t forget to praise your friend for the delicious food he offers.(不定式短语作宾语)
(5)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语)
Mr Smith gave him a lot of valuable advice on how to improve his writing.(him为间接宾语; a lot of
valuable advice为直接宾语)
(6)复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)
Doctors often advise us to pay more attention to our diets and mental health and to take regular
examinations.(us为宾语; to pay more attention...examinations为宾语补足语)
(四)表语——最会察言观色,就看“主子”脸色
【重点提示】
表语一般位于系动词(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后,用来说明主语这个“主子”的身份、
特征和状态,一般由名词、名词性物主代词、形容词、动词-ed形式、数词、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式、
介词短语、副词及表语从句等充当。
【考题再现】
(1)Needless to say, they were deeply moved.(形容词作表语)
(2)(2021·全国乙卷) The first step is to go exploring.(不定式短语作表语)(3)My favourite sport is running.(动词-ing形式作表语)
(4)That’s why I think the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.(从句作表语)
(五)定语——鞍前马后搞服务,全心全意勤务兵
【重点提示】
修饰或限定名词或代词的词、短语或从句被称为定语。定语服务于它所修饰或限定的名词或代词,可
由形容词、数词、形容词性物主代词、介词短语、非谓语动词(短语)或从句等充当。定语有前置和后置两
种情况,如:短语结构、从句等作定语时,常置于被修饰词之后。
【考题再现】
(1)(2022·浙江高考·1月卷) With heartfelt delight, I’m writing to share my sincere feeling about the China-
Ireland Cultural Festival with you.(形容词作定语)
(2)(2023·浙江高考·1月卷) The activity began with a lecture by a local botanist, who taught us about the
different characteristics and uses of various plant species.(从句作定语)
(3)The exhibition will be held in the City Museum located in the north of our city.(动词-ed形式作定语)
(4)(2021·全国乙卷) In conclusion, we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages and
find a proper way to make our study more efficient.(不定式短语作定语)
(六)状语——行踪飘忽不定,却对动词“情有独钟”
【重点提示】
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分叫作状语。一般表示行为发生
的时间、地点、目的、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、程度、伴随等意义。状语可由副词、介词短语
动词不定式、分词或从句等充当。
状语在句子中的位置很灵活,所以说它“行踪飘忽不定”。常见情况:通常在句子基本结构后,强调时放
在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰词之前;表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,地
点状语一般放在时间状语之前;一些表示频率的副词(如often,always等)作状语通常位于be动词、助动词、
情态动词之后,实义动词之前。
高考中一般考查副词修饰动词的用法,故说它对动词“情有独钟”。
【考题再现】
(1)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Without hesitation, the whole class voted for David.(介词短语作状语)
(2) (2022·全国甲卷) First of all, do what we can to make a difference.(不定式短语作状语)
(3)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Being in charge of the English program “Talk and Talk” run by our school
broadcast station, I feel much privileged to invite you to our program for a live talk show.(动词-ing形式、
副词、介词短语作状语)
(4)If you want a deep experience in the city, shared bikes will be the best choice.(从句作状语)(5)Refused as I was, I still received some great encouragement, which gives me confidence to be a writer.(从句
作状语)
(6)Whatever we do we should do them in person and explore the unknown bravely.(从句作状语)
(七)补语——始终寄人篱下,永远成不了“主人”
【重点提示】
补语也叫补足语,主要起补充说明的作用,最常见的是宾语补足语和主语补足语,所以说它“寄人篱下”,
成不了“主人”。补足语可由名词(短语)、形容词、副词、不定式(短语)、分词、介词短语或从句充当。
【考题再现】
(1)We sincerely wish you a quick recovery and an early return to China.(名词短语作宾语补足语)
(2)We’ll try our best to make our country more and more beautiful.(形容词短语作宾语补足语)
(3)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing
contest.(不定式短语作宾语补足语)
(八)同位语——总是玩失踪,特殊场合还是“显露原形”
【重点提示】
对句子中的名词或代词作进一步解释、说明,与前面的名词或代词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分
叫作同位语。在英语句子的表达中,一般情况下是没有同位语的,所以说它爱玩失踪,如果要对前面的名词的
具体内容作进一步说明,这时候就需要同位语,可谓“显露原形”。可以用作同位语的有名词(短语)、代词、
数词、介词短语、不定式、动词-ing形式或从句等。
【考题再现】
(1)I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School.(名词短语作同位语)
(2)There is no doubt that I will improve its reputation through my efforts.(从句作同位语)
(3)Word came that our school is going to hold a class meeting whose topic is related to traditional
Chinese customs.(从句作同位语)
【教师备选】
简单句的6种基本句型
1.S+V+P(主系表结构)
句子的谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思, 必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,
才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫作系动词。表示状态的系动词有 be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste,
sound, keep, remain等。表示转变或结果的系动词有become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove等。
①With winter coming slowly, it is getting colder and colder day by day.
随着冬天慢慢到来, 天气也一天比一天冷了起来。②Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.
早餐前进行体育锻炼对健康更有益。
③The pizza tastes delicious without any cheese at all.不加奶酪的比萨很好吃。
2.S+V(主+谓)
句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思,这类动词叫作不及物动词, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语
(从句)等。常见的有appear, apologize, arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise等。
①His heart broke when his wife died.
他妻子去世时他的心都碎了。
②His voice rose almost to a scream.
他提高了嗓门, 几乎在尖叫。
3.S+V+O(主+谓+宾)
谓语动词都具有实义, 都是主语产生的动作, 但不能表达完整的意思, 必须后接一个宾语, 即动作的
承受者, 才能使意思完整。这类动词叫作及物动词。
①As a result, they burned more fat during walks on an empty stomach than when they had eaten first.结果, 他们
空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比先吃早饭后锻炼时的多。
②You will hear from me soon.
你很快就会收到我的信。
③They will receive their awards at a ceremony in Stockholm.
他们会在斯德哥尔摩举行的仪式上接受颁奖。
4.S+V+O+O(主+谓+宾+宾)
有些谓语动词必须后接两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者, 另一个
是动作的间接承受者。在这种句型中, 作间接宾语的常常是“人”, 作直接宾语的常常是“物”。这种句
型可以转化为其他两种句型: 动词+直接宾语+for sb.; 动词+直接宾语+to sb.。如:
He gave us good advice on the work.=He gave good advice on the work to us.
他在这项工作上给了我们很好的建议。
5.S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+补)
有些及物动词, 只跟一个宾语并不能表达完整的意思, 必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语, 这样才能
使意思完整。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。常用于这种句型的动词有 appoint, call, choose, elect,
entitle, find, make(使、让), name等。
①I heard someone knocking at the door.
我听见有人在敲门。
②Without knowledge, we can never make our country richer and stronger.没有知识,我们永远不可能使我们的国家更加富强。
6.There be+主语+地点状语(或时间状语)(存在句)
用来表示人或事物的存在、出现等意义, 而且大都是用于描述性文章中。表示“(客观)存在、有”。
这里的there没有实际意义, 不可与副词“there(那里)”混淆。
①There may be a rain this afternoon.
今天下午可能有雨。
②There stands a tall building across the river over there.
河那边耸立着一幢高楼。
③There was a car stolen last night.
昨晚有辆车被偷了。
考点精练
单项选择
1. My brother is a policeman.划线成分是________
A. 主语 B. 谓语 C. 宾语 D. 表语
2. The sentence"We can fly a kite in the park."shares the same structure with________.
A. She saw a white-haired man B. He gave me a smile.
C. He was friendly D. He wrote a letter in the classroom
3. The cause he had devoted himself to ________ a perfect success.
A. proving B. proved C. was proved D. has been proved
4. The shocking news made me realize_______ terrible problems we would face.
A. what B. if C. how D. that
5. That gentleman, yes, you, once again, _______?
A. may I ask B. will you C. isn’t it D. am I right
6. The school adviser helped me choose the appropriate ones. The underlined part is: .
A. 状语 B. 表语 C. 间接宾语 D. 宾语补足语
7. Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, I am never bored.句子中的 谓语动词是：
A. working B. in an office C. am D. bored
8. ________ away from the lake, boys. It is deep.
A. Stays B. Stay C. staying D. to stay
9. Let’s go out for lunch, _____ we?
A. will B. should C. shall D. would
10. As they’re handmade, each one __________ slightly in shape.A. various B. varied C. varies D. variety
11. -The authority concerned must have taken stricter measures to ensure traffic safety next year, _______it?
-Yes, definitely.
A. didn’t B. mustn't C. hasn't D. won't
12. —_______ Tom ____ to work hard to help his family?
—Yes , he _________.
A. Has, × . has B. Has, × , does
C. Does, has , has D. Does, have, does
13. _________ a ride it is!
A. How B. So C. Such D. What
14. He enjoys reading.划线部分是什么成分________
A. P B. OC C. O D. Ad
15. The sentence structure of “He often makes me happy" is ________.
A. S+V+O B. S+V+IO+DO C. S+V+O+OC D. S+V+P
16. When they were free from work, they invited us to watch an interesting competition, together with the story
behind it. 主句的句子成分是：
A. SV B. SVP C. SVO D. SVOC
17. Thanks to the medical advances, people nowadays can ________ those 20 years ago by 5 years.
A. revive B. survive C. affect D. aid
18. Oh, it’s so hot in here . Somebody ______ the window, please.
A. opens B. open C. shall open D. will open
19. He never trained hard to join the table tennis, he?
A. was B. wasn’t C. did D. didn’t
20. —________ do you think of English study, Anne?
— I find ________ a little hard to learn English well, so I should work harder and make greater progress.
A. How; it B. What; that C. What; it D. How; that
21. You always have a green light that burns all night at the end of your dock.
A. object B. subject C. adverbial D. attribute
22. His strong sense of humor was make everyone in the room burst out laughing.
A. so as to B. such as to
C. so that D. such that
23. _______enjoyable music program on Channel5!A. How B. Whata
C. What an D. How an
24. _____, so I had to wait for my parents back.
A. Leaving my key in the office
B. Because I left my key in the office
C. I left my key in the office
D. My key left in the office
25. Some famous persons appear in ads to tell ____.
A. how a product is wonderful B. how is wonderful a product
C. how wonderful is a product D. how wonderful a product is
26. As far as I know, Han Gan’s talent and years of hard work ______ his success.
A. are due to B. contribute to C. are used to D. apologize to
27. We’ve all heard _____________ convenient shopping on the Internet is and that you can get things far
cheaper.
A. what B. how
C. that D. which
28. No one left here yesterday,________?
A. didn’t they B. did they C. didn’t one D. did one
29. My father bought me a new bike last week.(分析句子结构)
A. S+V B. S+V+C C. S+V+IO+DO D. S+V+P
30. My hotel is near downtown, in the Mission District, one of the oldest parts of the city.句中的主语是:
________。
A. My hotel B. downtown C. Mission District D. the city
31. ______me tomorrow and I’ll let you know the lab result.
A. Calling B. Call C. To call D. Having called
32. -- I didn't realize how popular the restaurant was until I made a reservation the other day.
-- I beg your pardon, but when __________?
A. was you realized it
B. it was that you realized it
C. you realized it
D. was it that you realized it
33. ________, I bet, and you will find him very humorous and outgoing.A. Having a talk with the shy boy B. One talk with the shy boy
C. Given a talk with the shy boy D. If you have a talk with the shy boy
34. Few people know him,________ ?
A. don’t they B. do they C. does he D. doesn’t he
35. Was ______ that I saw last night at the concert?
A. it you B. not you C. you D. that yourself
36. _____________ different life today is from_____________ it was fifty years ago!
A. What a; what B. What a; how
C. How; what D. What; what
37. —John, I didn’t ask for the dictionary. Why _______ on my desk?
—Oh, I put it there just now in case you needed while writing your composition.
A. had it landed B. does it land C. will it land D. has it landed
38. — _______ you got to know my telephone number?
— Through a friend of yours.
A. How was it
B. How was it that
C. Was it how that
D. How did
39. _____, and I believe you will realize your dream.
A. Making a little bit more effort
B. Make a little bit more effort
C. To make a little bit more effort
D. If you make a little bit more effort
40. The river has gone dry.
A. SVO B. SVP C. SVA D. SV
41. _____ writer is better known in China, Charcles Dickens or Mark Twain?
A. Which B. What
C. Either D. Whether
42. Which two of the following sentences share the same sentence pattern?
①A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the
question: “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair?”
②What the speaker referred to in his speech yesterday was unfamiliar to the general audience.③On the other hand, many evolutionary biologists acknowledge some emotions are primarily for their survival
function.
④The flowers in the garden appear vibrant and full of life after the refreshing rain shower.
A. ① and ② B. ② and ③ C. ② and ④ D. ① and ④
43. There is little we can do about it，________？
A. is there B. can't we
C. isn't there D. can we
44. Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of “SVOA”? (S: Subject; V: Verb; O: Object
A: Adverbial)
A. Our Campus Art Festival programmes received a great deal of attention from both inside and outside the
school.
B. All things there gave him a feeling of security and calmness.
C. He is likely to recover from it.
D. He came back in disappointment.
45. --Could you tell me how I can get to the nearest park?
--______ down this street and turn left ______ the second crossing.
A. Go; in B. Go; at
C. Going; on D. To go; of
46. We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _______?
A. do you B. can we
C. will you D. shall we
47. Reading outside school is necessary and important in learning English.
A. 主语 B. 宾语 C. 谓语 D. 表语
48. —— Have they made the final decision?
—— Yes, but it’s ________ likely that they will change their mind again tomorrow.
A. rather than B. other than C. less than D. more than
49. What kind of phrase does the underlined one belong to?
“The questions which our English teacher asked just now were really very confusing.”
A. NP B. AdjP C. AdvP D. VP
50. When you ________ tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges.
A. go over B. go by C. go through D. go on
51. They painted the door green.划线部分是什么成分________A. Ad B. OC C. IO D. DO
52. ______ from Beijing to London!
A. How long way it is B. What a long way it is
C. How long way is it D. What a long way is it
53. Not having finished his homework, _____________ to watch TV.
A. Mother forbade him B. so he was forbidden
C. and he wanted D. he was forbidden
54. Bring the flowers into a warm room ________ they’ll soon open.
A. or B. and
C. but D. for
55. ________up, or you 'll be late for school again.
A. To hurry B. Hurry
C. Hurrying D. Hurried
56. My father has got a job in New York, so we are leaving this country________.
A. for good B. on display
C. on reflection D. in panic
57. I don’t think she will come to the meeting on time, ______?
A. do I B. do you
C. will she D. won’t she
58. ________ great fun they had!
A. What a B. What C. How D. How a
59. She didn’t fancy the idea of going home in the dark.
A. 花哨的 B. 自认为是 C. 想要 D. 精致的
60. —Lucy hardly plays football, ________?
—No, she doesn’t.
A. does she B. doesn’t she C. is she D. isn’t she
61. Mr. Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.
A. subject B. predicate C. attribute D. appositive
62. Emily, you are playing video games again! Study hard, ________ you will fail in the coming exam.
A. then B. so C. and D. or
63. Melissa, ________ the alarm clock for 6 o’clock, or you will oversleep and be late for the train.
A. set B. setting C. sets D. to set64. ________hard,________you will succeed sooner or later.
A. Working; so B. Work;and C. To work;but D. Worked; and
65. —You wouldn’t mind my opening the window, would you?
— ________, just go ahead.
A. Yes, I wouldn’t B. No, I would C. Yes, I would D. No, I wouldn’t
66. The police observed a man entering the bank. （选出符合此句语境的最佳汉意）
A. 评论 B. 庆祝 C. 遵守 D. 注意
67. — I’m sorry I can’t go with you to the cinema. I have to go to class
—________ a pity!
A. How B. It C. That D. What
68. Don’t forget to put the tools back where they were after you have finished your work, ?
A. do you B. don't you
C. will you D. won’t you
69. Kitty ate nothing this morning,________?
A. didn't she B. did she C. wasn't she D. was she
70. -----____________?
-----Patient , careful and kind-hearted.
A. What does your teacher look like? B. What’s your teacher like?
C. What does your teacher like? D. How is your teacher like?
71. Jane won't join us for dinner tonight and .
A. neither won't Tom B. Tom won't either C. Tom will too D. so will Tom
72. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits.
A. subject B. object C. attributive(定语) D. predicative(表语)
73. I don’t think it is polite to break in when people are having a conversation, ________?
A. isn’t it B. do I C. is it D. do you
74. _____, so we went for a swim in the river.
A. Being hot B. It being hot C. As it hot D. It was hot
75. The young man offered the old man his own seat. ( )
A. 宾语 B. 定语 C. 宾语补足语 D. 表语
76. ________ you don’t know is that I spend ________ little time I had with my kids.
A. That; that B. What; how
C. What; what D. That; how77. Only when________the door of the house________that he had left the key in the office.
A. did he arrive at; did he realize B. he arrived at; did he realize
C. did he arrive at; he realized D. he arrived at; he realized
78. _______that they lost the game, tears came down Kate’s face.
A. On hearing the news B. When heard the news
C. The moment she heard the news D. While hearing the news
79. ________carefully, please! There is a school ahead.
A. Drive B. Driving C. To drive D. Drove
80. —Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day.
—_______?That’s his third one in just one month.
A. Had he B. Did he C. Does he D. Has he
81. ______ patient when you argue with someone who is not so reasonable.
A. Be B. Being
C. To be D. Having been
82. Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of “SVOC”?
(S: Subject; V: Verb; O: Object; C: Completement)
A. I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.
B. I consider the work challenging.
C. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
D. Joining clubs was a great way to meet British students.
83. ---- What should I do with this passage?
---- ______ the main idea of each paragraph.
A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out
84. The speech the minister made on TV________ the education reform made both teachers and students excited.
A. being concernedB. to concern C. concerned D. concerning
85. I miss my friend very much._____I want to see her！
A. How B. How an
C. What D. What an
86. —Can you write stories or tell stories?
—_________.
A. Yes, I can write stories B. No, I can't tell stories
C. I can write stories D. I can't write stories87. __________great fun it is to have a bowl of ice cream on such a hot day!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
88. We made him our monitor. 划线成分是________
A. 宾语 B. 定语 C. 状语 D. 宾补
89. 选出句中表语
A The patient B was C out of danger D finally.
A. A B. B C. C D. D
90. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Advocates of keeping handwriting skills as part of a curriculum point to a lot of evidence to support their
stand. (复合句)
B. Charlotte found herself operating on damaged limbs and setting broken bones, in addition to delivering all
the babies in the arca. (并列句)
C. It makes one think about why generosity is so powerful in the first place. (复合句)
D. Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite. (简单句)
91. —John can’t get along well with others, can he?
—________ He is always ready to help others.
A. Yes, he can. B. No, he can’t. C. Yes, he can’t. D. No, he can.
92. Chan’an, as it was known at that time, was the starting point of the Silk Road, which connected China to the
world. What’s the underlined part?
A. object B. subject C. adverbial D. attributive
93. Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.
A. SVA B. SVO C. SVOA D. SVP
94. ---________ has brought about the improvement of Chinese farmers’ living standards?
---The Party’s social benefiting policies, of course.
A. What is it that B. What it is that
C. What is that D. What is it
95. —Tom is said ______ his composition.
—If so, let’s not ______ him.
A. writing; disturb B. to be writing; to disturb
C. to be writing; disturb D. to have written; to disturb
96. Doing regular exercise and keeping a balanced diet are good for our health. 该句的基本结构为：
A. 主＋谓 B. 主＋谓＋宾 C. 主＋系＋表 D. 主＋谓＋宾＋宾补97. What is the sentence pattern (句型) of the sentence “I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and
helpful”?
A. 主+谓+宾 B. 主+谓+宾+宾补 C. 主+系+表 D. 主+谓+双宾
98. It’s my son’s wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,____________?
A. haven’t I B. don’t I C. don’t he D. isn’t it
99. ________ bad weather it is today!
A. How a B. What a C. How D. What
100. The sick man’s allowed to take a walk in the garden every day, _____________?
A. isn’t he B. hasn’t he C. is he D. wasn’t he
参考答案
1. D
【解析】考查句子成分。句意：我的哥哥是一名警察。句子中，“my brother”为主语，is为系动词，“a
policeman”在系动词后作表语。故选D。
2. D
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：我们可以在公园里放风筝。“We can fly a kite in the park.”这句话的句子
结构是：主语+谓语+宾语+状语。A选项“She saw a white-haired man”这句话的句子结构是：主语+谓语
+宾语；B选项“He gave me a smile.”这句话的句子结构是：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；C选项“He
was friendly”这句话的句子结构是：主语+系动词+表语；D选项“He wrote a letter in the classroom”他在教
室里写了一封信，这句话的句子结构也是：主语+谓语+宾语+状语。故选D。
3. B
【解析】本题考查一般过去时。解题步骤：1. 确定成分：分析句子可知，The cause为先行词，作后面定
语从句to的宾语，与此同时The cause为本句话的主语，空格处作谓语动词。2. 由he had devoted himself
to可知，句子用一般过去时，prove为不及物动词，没有被动语态。句意：他投身于的事业被证明是相当
成功的。故选B项。
4. A
【解析】考查感叹句作宾语从句。句意：这条令人震惊的消息让我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。
分析句意和句子结构可知，本句为感叹句作宾语从句。感叹句中what所修饰的中心词是名词，how所修
饰的中心词是形容词和副词。本题中空格后面的中心词是problems，意为“问题”，名词词性，故应用
what修饰，表示“我们将面临多么可怕的问题”。故选A项。
5. B
【解析】考查反意疑问句当陈述部分为祈使句疑问部分用will you，注意本题中的That gentleman以及you为称呼语。句意：那位绅士，是的，你，再说一遍好吗？
6. D
【解析】考查句子成分。句意：学校顾问帮我选择了合适的。the school adviser是主语，helped是谓语，
me是宾语，choose the appropriate ones是宾语补足语。故选D。
7. C
【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：有时候我在户外工作，有时候在办公室里，我从来都不觉得无聊。
working为现在分词，作状语，in an office为介词短语作状语，I am never bored为主系表结构，所以谓语
动词为am，bored作表语。故选C。
8. B
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：离湖远点，孩子们。它很深。根据句意可知，本句为祈使句，所以用动词
原形。故选B。
9. C
【解析】考查祈使句的反意疑问句。句意：我们出去吃午饭，好吗？祈使句的反意疑问句。通常情况下，
祈使句的反意疑问句的疑问部分是用“will you?”，但在Let’s ...开头的反意疑问句，因为“我们”中包括
“说话人”，所以其后面的疑问句部分要用“shall we?”，但Let us...开头的反意疑问句，不包括说话人其
附加成分是“will you?”。本句是以Let’s 开头，故选C。
10. C
【解析】考查一般现在时。句意：因为它们都是手工制作的，每一个在形状上都稍有不同。这是一个由
as引导的原因状语从句，分析主句可知，句子缺谓语动词，所以空格处应填动词。故排除A（various 不
同的，形容词）与D（variety 不同种类，多种式样 名词）。从句使用的一般现在时，根据句意，空格
处也应使用一般现在时。故选C。
11. C
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：——有关部门一定采取了更严格的措施来确保明年的交通安全，是吧？
——是的，的确。当must have done强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语)，问句要用
“haven’t/hasn’t+主语”。故选C。
12. D
【解析】考查一般疑问句和回答。句意：——Tom必须努力工作来帮助他的家庭吗？——是的，他必须
努力。第一句陈述Tom目前的状态，应用一般现在时，且为一般疑问句，主语为Tom，谓语动词为have
to do，应用助动词does，位于句首，句中谓语动词用原形；第二句是一般疑问句的肯定回答，yes, he
does。故选D。
13. D【解析】考查感叹句。句意：多么棒的一次旅行啊！感叹句的两种基本表达方式为：what+a(n)+ adj+可数
名词单数+主语+谓语；how+adj/adv+ a(n)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语，根据“a ride it is!”可知本句属于第
一种表达方式，因此此处用What，故D项正确。
14. C
【解析】考查句子结构分析。句意：他喜欢读书。分析句子可知，本句的结构为：主+谓+宾，其中he为
主语，enjoy为谓语，reading为宾语。故选C。
15. C
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：“他经常让我开心”的句子结构是“主谓宾宾补”。He是主语，often
makes是谓语动词，me是宾语，happy是宾语补足语。故选C。
16. D
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：当他们不工作的时候，他们邀请我们去看一场有趣的比赛，以及比赛背
后的故事。分析句子可知，they是主语，invited是谓语动词，代词us是宾语，动词不定式“to watch an
interesting competition, together with the story behind it”是动词不定式作宾补，故主句的句子成分是SVOC。
故选D。
17. B
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于医学的进步，现在的人们可以比20年前多活5年。A. revive复
活；B. survive存活；C. affect影响；D. aid援助。根据句意，此处应指“比20年前多活5年”。故选B
项。
18. B
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：哦，这里太热了。请谁把窗户打开。此处是祈使句，somebody放在祈使句
前面只是为了加强语气，强调主语。故选B。
19. C
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：他从来没有刻苦训练去打乒乓球，是吗? 本句使用了反意疑问句结构，
陈述部分中虽然使用了否定副词never，但附加疑问句中仍然应使用肯定式；陈述部分中没有be动词、助
动词或情态动词，所以只能使用助动词do的相应形式，陈述部分为一般过去时态，故助动词用did。故选
C项。
20. C
【解析】考查固定句型和it的用法。句意：——安妮，你认为英语学习怎么样？——我发现学好英语有
点难，所以我应该更加努力，取得更大的进步。What do you think of…为固定句型，表示“你认为……怎
么样”，用于询问对某人或某物的观点、看法或评价，第一空应用What；find it adj. to do为固定搭配，表示“发现做某事怎么样”，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语，第二空应用it。故选C。
21. D
【解析】考查句子成分。句意：你的码头尽头总有一盏通宵亮着的绿灯。A. object宾语；B. subject主语；
C. adverbial状语；D. attribute定语。此处画线部分为定语从句修饰先行词light。故选D。
22. B
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：他如此幽默，全屋的人都被他逗乐了。此处在be动词后应是表语，such
as to do或者such as that“到如此程度，如此……以至于……（正式或文学用语）”可以作表语。A项so as
to只能作目的状语，不能作表语；C/D项引导结果状语从句。故选B。
【名师点睛】做本题时，要抓住横线后动词make是动词原型，而非句子，故可以排除C、D两项；so as
to“为的是； 是为了；以便”的意思，与其后的动词原形一起作目的状语，用来强调目的，故也可以排除。
such as to的用法再举一例：His manner was such as to offend nearly everyone he met.他的举止几乎冒犯了所
有他认识的人。
23. C
【解析】本题解析略。
24. C
【解析】考查时态和句子结构。句意：我把钥匙忘在办公室了，因此我只能等着父母回来。so是连词，
应该连接两个句子，因此空处为一个完整的句子，故排除AB两项；“我把钥匙忘在办公室”是过去的事
情，应用一般过去时，如用I作主语，则用主动语态，如用my key作主语，则用被动语态(was left)。综
上，故选C。
25. D
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：一些名人出现在广告中，告诉我们一个产品有多棒。How引导的感叹句的
结构：How + 形容词 +主语 + 谓语，故选D。
26. B
【解析】考查固定（动词）短语词义辨析。句意：据我所知，Han Gan的成功得益于他的才华和多年的努
力。A. are due to是由于；B. contribute to贡献给，促成，有助于；C. are used to习惯于；D. apologize to
向……道歉。根据前文“talent and years of hard work”和后文“his success”可知，才华和努力有助于成功。
故选B项。
27. B
【解析】考查感叹句句型结构。句意：我们都听说了网购是多么方便，可以以非常低的价格买到东西。
分析句子成分可知，句中含有两个宾语从句，第一个是 convenient shopping on the Internet is；第二
个是由that引导的宾语从句。在第一个宾语从句中省略了引导词that，且这是感叹句句型结构之一：How+形容词+主语+谓语！ ，因为空后为形容词，故前面用how。故选B项。
28. B
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：昨天没有人离开这里，是吗?当陈述部分的主语是no one时，后面反意
疑问句中主语用they。时态与No one left here yesterday保持一致为一般过去时，故选B。
【点睛】反意疑问句中关于不定代词的用法：
当陈述部分的主语是
（1）one时，反意疑问句可用one/he.
（2）no one时，反意附加疑问句中主语用they。
（3）everything, anything, nothing, something时，反意疑问句中主语用it 不用they
（4）this, that,或those, these时，反意疑问句中主语用it或they.
（5）everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，anyone，nobody等时，反意疑问句中主语一般用they
（口头语，非正式文体）/he（正式文体）。
（6）不定式时，动名词，其他短语，反意疑问句中主语一般用it。
（7）there be句型时，反意疑问句中一般用be/情态动词/助动词+there。
29. C
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：我爸爸上周给我买了一辆新自行车。此处主语为my father；bought为谓
语；me为间接宾语；a new bike为直接宾语。属于“主谓宾宾”结构。故选C。
30. A
【解析】考查句子成分。句意：我的酒店在市中心附近，在教会区，是这个城市最古老的地区之一。分
析句子结构可知，本句主语是My hotel，downtown是表语。故选A项。
31. B
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：明天给我打电话，我会告诉你实验的结果。分析句子结构可知，此句是祈
使句，应用动词原形。故选B。
32. D
【解析】试题分析:考查疑问句。根据问号可知此句需用一般疑问句语序，排除B、C选项；而A选项语
法错误，D选项是强调句型，故正确答案是D。句意：---直到前几天预订桌位我才意识到这家饭店是多么
受欢迎。---请再说一遍，你什么时候意识到的这一点？
考点：考查疑问句。
33. B
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：和这个害羞的男孩谈一谈，我敢打赌，你会发现他非常幽默和外向。句中I
bet为插入语，这里考查祈使句+ and +陈述句。故选B。34. B
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：很少有人认识他，对吗？主语是含有否定含义的few people，反意疑问
句中主语用代词they，且应用肯定形式，结合know可知句子时态是一般现在时，助动词用do。故选B。
35. A
【解析】考查强调句。句意：我昨晚在音乐会上看到的是你吗？根据句意和“that I saw last night”可知，
句子是强调句的一般疑问句，强调句的陈述句结构是“it is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，其
一般疑问句是“is/was it+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的部分是you，因此空格处是
it you，故选A。
36. C
【解析】考查感叹句和宾语从句。句意：今天的生活与30年前的生活多么不一样啊！分析可知，第一空
引导感叹句，被感叹的词是形容词different，所以用how；第二空引导宾语从句，从句缺少表语，且指代
“生活”，应用连接代词what引导。综上，故选C。
37. D
【解析】试题分析：句意：上文，约翰，我没有要字典。为什么它会在我的桌子上？下文，我刚把它放
在那儿的，万一你写作文时需要用呢。表示到说话时为止（或到现在为止）已经发生或完成了（不一定
结束）的动作或状态，用现在完成时，选D。
考点：考查时态
38. B
【解析】这题考查强调句的特殊问句，结构是：特殊疑问词+is/was+it+强调部分？只有B符合，意思
是：--你是怎么知道我的手机号码的？--通过你的一个朋友。
39. B
【解析】考查固定句型。
40. B
【解析】考查句中结构。句意：这条河已经干涸了。句中主语为The river ，gone为系动词，形容词dry
作表语。所以本句为主系表结构。故选B。
41. A
【解析】本题解析略。
42. C
【解析】考查句子结构。①句意：我的一个朋友在回答我们关于生活中不公正的对话时问我一个问题：
“谁说生活会是公平的，或者说生活本来就是公平的？”分析句子结构，本句的主干部分是：A friend of
mine asked me the question，为主谓宾宾结构，主语是A friend of mine，谓语是asked，me是间接宾语，the question是直接宾语。conversation后为一个省略关系词的定语从句，引号内是一个特殊疑问句，包含
or连接的宾语从句，作said的宾语。
②句意：演讲者在昨天的演讲中提到的内容，一般听众并不熟悉。分析句子结构，本句是一个主系表结
构，其中主语为What引导的主语从句，系动词是was，表语是unfamiliar to the general audience。
③句意：另一方面，许多进化生物学家承认，一些情绪主要是为了它们的生存功能。分析句子结构，本
句是一个主谓宾结构，主语是many evolutionary biologists，谓语是acknowledge，宾语为省略that的宾语
从句some emotions are primarily for their survival function。
④句意：清新的阵雨过后，花园里的花朵显得生机勃勃。分析句子结构，本句是一个主系表结构，主语
为The flowers in the garden，系动词是appear，表语是vibrant and full of life。
综上可知，句子结构一致的是②和④。故选C。
43. A
【解析】本题解析略。
44. A
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：以下哪一句使用了“SVOA”的句子结构？（S：主语；V：谓语；O：宾
语A：状语）A项（我们的校园艺术节节目受到了校内外的广泛关注。）：主语Our Campus Art Festival
programmes，谓语received，宾语a great deal of attention，状语from both inside and outside the school，是
“SVOA”的句子结构。故选A项。
45. B
【解析】本题回答语是祈使句，用动词原形开头，表示在某个十字路口通常用介词at，故本题选B
46. C
【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：我们忘了带票，但请让我们进去，好吗? let us(me , him, her)…为祈使句，
反意疑问应为will you。故选C。
47. A
【解析】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，句子是主系表结构，Reading outside school是动名词短语作主语，
故选A。
48. D
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：——他们做最后决定了么？——是的，但是他们明天也很可能改变
主意。A. rather than而不是；B. other than除了；C. less than少于（具有否定意义）；D. more than不仅仅；
很，非常。根据“but”判断明天他们很可能改变主意，故D项正确。
49. B
【解析】考查词性辨析。句意：划线部分属于哪种短语?“我们英语老师刚才问的问题真的很令人困惑。”A. NP名词短语；B. AdjP形容词短语；C. AdvP副词短语；D. VP动词短语。分析可知，“really
very confusing”跟在系动词“were”之后，作表语，其核心词应是 “confusing”，形容词，意为“令人困惑
的”，“very”为程度副词作状语修饰该形容词，“really”同样为副词作状语，修饰短语“very
confusing”，起到加强语气的作用。由此可知，该段语应是形容词短语。故选B项。
50. C
【解析】考查动词短语。句意：当你经历困难的时候，你会遇到其他面临类似挑战的人。A.go over复习；
B.go by 经过，时间的流逝；C.go through 经历；D.go on 继续。根据句意可知，应选C。故选C。
51. B
【解析】考查句子结构分析。句意：他们把门漆成绿色。分析句子可知，本句的结构为：主+谓+宾+宾补，
其中they为主语，paint为谓语，the door为宾语，green为宾补，补充说明门的颜色。选项B符合题意，
故选B。
52. B
【解析】本题解析略。
53. D
【解析】考查句子语序。句意：因为没有完成家庭作业，他被禁止看电视。分析句子可知，Not having
finished his homework为非谓语，作原因状语，其逻辑主语为he，因此句子的主语必须为he，因此选D。
非谓语不需要用连词连接句子。
【点睛】分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。分词（短语）作状
语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时, 则用现在分词的
完成式；当所表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生, 则用现在分词的一般式。
Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.听到这个消息时,他们都高兴得跳了起来. Walking slowly across the
grass, he pointed the gun at the lion and fired. 他慢慢地走过草地,把枪对准狮子就射击了. One day, while
walking along the sands towards his boat, Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a man's foot. 有一天,克鲁索沿着
沙滩走向他的船时,在沙子里看见一个人的脚印.
54. B
【解析】考查连词。 句意：把花放在一个暖和的房间，不久他们将开放。 固定句式：祈使句+and+表示
将来的陈述句。故选B项。
55. B
【解析】考查特殊句式。句意：快点，不然你又要迟到了。根据连词or表示“否则，要不然”连接两个
并列的句子可以判断，本题考查特殊句式：祈使句+and/or+陈述句。祈使句通常省略主语，以动词原形开
头，只有B项符合，故选B。56. A
【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我父亲在纽约找到了一份工作，所以我们要永远离开这个国家。A.
for good永久地，长久地；B. on display 在展出；C. on reflection 经郑重考虑后；D. in panic恐慌地，惊
恐地。父亲在另一个国家的城市找到工作，全家就要长久离开原来生活的国家去工作地居住生活，所以
“长久地离开”符合语境。故选A项。
57. C
【解析】本题是反义疑问句，对于含义think的符合句，反义疑问句依据于从句的意思而写，本题从句的
意思为否定，故后半句用肯定，从句有助动词will，故后半句的结构为will she，故本题选C。
58. B
【解析】试题分析：由what引导的感叹句，what意为“多么”，用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分）。
由how引导的感叹句，how意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。此处修饰不
可数名词fun，用What且不加a，故选B。
考点：考查感叹句。
59. C
【解析】考查动词。句意：她不喜欢摸黑回家的想法。句中fancy作谓语，为动词词性，表示“想要”。
故选C。
60. A
【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：——露西几乎不踢足球，是吗？——是的，不踢。反意疑问句的陈述
部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式，此处谓语为play，应用
助动词does，故选A。
61. D
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。分析句子可知，our new teacher是
对主语Mr. Smith身份的进一步说明和解释，与主语互为同位关系，因此在本句中充当同位语
（appositive）。故选D项。
62. D
【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：艾米丽，你又在玩电子游戏了！努力学习吧，否则你在接下来的考
试中会不及格的。A. then然后，表顺承；B. so所以，表结果；C. and和，表并列；D. or否则，表条件。
本句是“祈使句+or+陈述句”固定句型，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，意为“否则,要不然”。
根据句意结构和语境，故选D。
63. A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：梅丽莎，把闹钟定在6点，否则你会睡过头而赶不上火车的。此处为祈使句+or+简单句，表示“做某事，否则……”。故选A。
64. B
【解析】考查固定句型。句意：努力工作，你早晚会成功。此处为祈使句+and+简单句结构。故选B。
65. D
【解析】考查反义疑问句和回答。句意：——你不介意我打开窗户，是吗？——不，我不介意，请吧。
当陈述部分是否定形式时，回答要按事实。根据just go ahead可知，回答者不介意打开窗户，表示否定，
因此用no和wouldn’t。故选D项。
66. D
【解析】考查动词。句意：警察注意到一个男人进了银行。此处划线单词为谓语动词，根据句意，表示
“注意”，故选D。
67. D
【解析】考查连词和代词。句意：——对不起，我不能和你一起去看电影院。我得去上课了——真遗憾！
根据上文可知，不能一起去看电影，令人遗憾。由感叹号可知，此处是感叹句式，pity“遗憾”是名词，
应用what引导感叹句。how是副词，引导感叹句，修饰形容词或副词。故选D。
68. C
【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：干完活不要忘了把工具放回原处，好吗？根据句型分析可知，这里考
查祈使句的反义疑问句，否定祈使句的反意疑问句用will you。故选C项。
69. B
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：凯蒂今天早上什么也没吃，是吗？陈述部分有否定词nothing，后面应
用肯定形式进行反问，由ate可知，助动词为did。故选B。
70. B
【解析】考查固定句式。A项对外貌提问，B项对性格和外貌提问，C项爱好提问，D项对身体状态进行
提问。句意：你们老师性格怎么样？—耐心、细心还很善良。根据回答句可知是对对方的性格进行提问，
故B项正确。
71. B
【解析】考查否定句。句意：简不会来与我们共进晚餐，汤姆也不会来。根据句意以及“Jane won't join
us for dinner tonight”可知，此处是否定句，故使用either。故选B项。
72. B
【解析】考查句子成分。句意：无论它走到哪里，都会留下一串死鹿和死兔子之类的小动物。分析句子
结构可知，本句考查固定短语搭配：leave sth. behind sb.，此句a trail of dead deer and small animals like
rabbits为短语中的sth.作宾语，因为宾语太长，所以和behind it进行位置调换。故选B项。73. C
【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：我认为打断别人谈话是不礼貌的，是吗？分析句子，当主句的主语是
第一人称时，反义疑问句和从句一致，并且将否定转移。故用is it。故选C。
74. D
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：天气很热，所以我们去河里游泳。句中so表示“所以”，为并列连词，
连接并列句，所以空处应为完整的句子，It was hot为主系表结构，符合题意。故选D项。
75. A
【解析】考查句子成分。句意：那个年轻人把自己的座位让给了老人。分析句子可知，“The young man”
在句中作主语，“offered”作谓语，“the old man”作间接宾语，“his own seat”作直接宾语，故画线部分在
句中作宾语。故选A项。
76. C
【解析】考查主语从句和感叹句。句意：但你不知道的是，我把仅有的一点时间都花在了孩子身上。第
一空为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指事情应用what；第二空为感叹句“what+形容词+不可数名词”。
故选C。
77. B
【解析】考查部分倒装结构。句意：他走到门口才意识到他把钥匙忘在办公室了。第一空是when引导的
时间状语从句，句子应用陈述语序；第二空是主句部分，当only修饰的状语从句位于句首时，后面的主
句使用部分倒装结构。故选B。
78. C
【解析】考查主语一致。句意：听到他们输掉比赛的消息，凯特的脸上流下了眼泪。主句“tears came
down Kate’s face”的主语为tears，不是Kate，所以选项A、选项B和选项D错误。the moment意为
“一……就……”，为时间状语从句。故选C。
79. A
【解析】考查祈使句。句意：请小心驾驶！前面有一所学校。分析句子结构可知，前句为祈使句，应用
动词原形置于句首。故选A。
80. B
【解析】考查一般疑问句。句意：--杰克前些天买了一部新手机。--是吗？这是他这个月的第三部手机了。
Did he?意为“是吗？”。根据所提供的情景Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day.可判断出要用一
般过去时Did he 。故选B。
81. A【解析】考查祈使句。句意：与不理智的人争论时要有耐心。主句是一个祈使句，祈使句用动词原形，
即“Be patient”，后跟了一个when引导的时间状语从句，故选A。
82. B
【解析】考查句子结构。A项句意：我等不及要给你描述一下高中生活是什么样子了。B项句意：我认为
这份工作很有挑战性。C项句意：千里之行，始于足下。D项句意：加入俱乐部是认识英国学生的好方法。
分析句子结构可知，B项为主谓宾宾补结构，主语为I，谓语为consider，宾语为the work，宾语补足语为
challenging。A项为主谓宾结构，主语为I，谓语为can't wait，宾语为to describe...。C项为主谓宾结构，
主语为A journey of a thousand miles，谓语为begins with，宾语为a single step...。D项为主系表结构，主语
为Joining clubs，系动词为was，表语为 a great way...。故选B项。
83. C
【解析】试题分析：考查动名词用法。本题中第一句的what在句中作宾语。下面回答部分相当于动名词
短语在句中作宾语。句意：—我应该如何处理这篇文章？—找到每一段的中心思想。本句中的finding
out…作为动词短语do with的宾语。故A正确。
考点：考查动名词用法
点评：动名词在句中通常作为主语，宾语，或者表语，指一件经常性习惯性的事情。不同于不定式夫人
用法，不定式通常指具体的一次性的行为。
84. D
【解析】考查介词。句意：部长在电视上发表的关于教育改革的讲话使教师和学生都很兴奋。分析可知，
________ the education 在句中作定语，concerning介词，意为“关于”，符合语境，此处为介词短语作
后置定语。故选D项。
85. A
【解析】本题解析略。
86. C
【解析】考查选择疑问句的回答。句意：—你会写故事还是讲故事？—我会写故事。A. Yes, I can write
stories是的，我会写故事；B. No, I can't tell stories不，我不会讲故事；C.I can write stories我会写故事；
D.I can't write stories我不会写故事。分析句子可知前面问句是Can开头的选择疑问句，回答不用Yes或
No开头，排除AB；结合句意，前一句问：你会写故事还是讲故事？C选项回答：我会写故事，符合题意。
故选C。
87. A
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：在这么热的天吃一碗冰激凌是多么有趣啊! 分析可知，本题考查感叹句。句
式结构“__________great fun it is”中，fun为不可数名词，意为“乐趣”，由此可推知本句结构为“______ +adj. +不可数名词”，应用what引导感叹句。故选A项。
【点睛】感叹句结构
1.由what引导的：
1)What +a/an +形容词+名词（+主语+谓语+其他）+ !
例：What a clever boy he is! 或 What an interesting story it is!
2)What+ 形容词+复数名词（+主语+谓语+其他）+ !
例：What beautiful flowers they are!
3)What+ 形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语+其他）+ !
例：What cold weather it is!
2.由how引导的：
1)How +形容词（+ a +名词）+（主语+谓语+其他）+ !
例：How clever a boy he is!
2)How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语+其他）+ !
例：How lovely the baby is!
本题中“__________great fun it is”结构中，fun为不可数名词，应为what感叹句式结构“3)What+ 形容词
+不可数名词（+主语+谓语+其他）+ !”。故答案为A项。
88. D
【解析】考查句子成分。句意：我们选他当班长。句子中，动词made为谓语，him为宾语，our monitor
意为“我们的班长”，对宾语作补充说明，为宾语补足语。故选D。
89. C
【解析】考查句子成分。句意：病人终于脱离了危险。分析句子可知，The patient，为名词，在本句中作
主语；was为系动词；out of danger，为介词短语，在本句中作表语；finally为副词，在本句中作状语。故
选C项。
90. C
【解析】考查句子结构。A项，句意：主张将手写技能作为课程的一部分的人指出，有很多证据支持他
们的观点。其为简单句，主语为Advocates of keeping handwriting skills as part of a curriculum ，谓语为
point to ，宾语为a lot of evidence to support their stand. B项，句意：夏洛特发现自己除了为该地区的所有
婴儿接生外，还为受损的四肢和骨折进行了手术。其为简单句，Charlotte为主语，found为谓语，herself
为宾语，operating on damaged limbs and setting broken bones为宾补，in addition to delivering all the babies
in the arca为状语。C项，句意：这让人首先思考为什么慷慨如此强大。其为复合句，其中why generosity
is so powerful in the first place为宾语从句。D项，句意：好习惯总是能带来高效率，而坏习惯则相反。其
为并列句，其中while为“然而”，表对比，是并列连词。故选C项。91. A
【解析】考查反意疑问句的回答。句意：——约翰和别人相处得不好，是吗？——不，他能。他总是乐
于助人。此处为“前否后肯”型句式，根据后文“He is always ready to help others.”可知是能和其他人好
好相处，应回答“Yes, he can.”，注意此时的Yes要译为“不”，故选A。
92. D
【解析】考查句子成分。句意：当时的长安是连接中国和世界的丝绸之路的起点。划线部分是什么成分？
A. object宾语；B. subject主语；C. adverbial状语；D. attributive定语。分析可知，划线部分是which引导
的非限制性定语从句，先行词为 the Silk Road。故选D项。
93. B
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：汤姆很期待见到新来的交换生。A. SVA：主语+谓语+状语；B. SVO：主
语+谓语+宾语；C. SVOA：主语+谓语+宾语+状语；D. SVP：主+系+表。分析句子结构，句中Tom为主
语；is looking forward to meeting为谓语；the new exchange student为宾语结构。故句子结构为：主语+谓
语+宾语。故选B。
94. A
【解析】到底是什么带来了中国农民生活水平的提高。根据句子结构可知强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词
+is it that…，且句子中缺主语，结合句意可知选A。
95. C
【解析】考查动词不定式的进行式和祈使句。句意：——据说汤姆正在写作文。——如果是这样的话，
那我们就不要打扰他了。write (写)，disturb (打扰)。由语意可知，汤姆正在写作文，be said to be doing sth.
表示据说正在做某事，所以第一个空应是动词不定式的进行式to be writing的形式；第二个空考查祈使句
的一般结构，let (not) do sth.表示让我们（不）做某事，所以应是动词原形disturb。故选C项。
96. C
【解析】考查句子结构。句意：定期锻炼和保持均衡饮食对我们的健康有益。分析句子结构可知，doing
regular exercise 和 keeping a balanced diet是主语，are是系动词，good 是表语，因此句子的结构为：主＋
系＋表，故选C项。
97. B
【解析】考查简单句结构。句意：我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。主语为I，found
为动词作谓语，宾语为most of my classmates and teachers，friendly and helpful为宾语补足语，补充说明宾
语的情况。因此，本句为“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构。故选B。
98. B
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：下周是我儿子的婚礼，我得尽我最大的努力，不是吗? 根据上文主句Ihave to do my best for that为陈述部分有have to 时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。故选B。
99. D
【解析】考查感叹句。句意：今天天气多坏啊！bad weather为名词短语，所以应用what引导感叹句。
weather意为“天气”，为不可数名词，所以应用零冠词。故选D。
100. A
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意：这位病人被允许每天在花园里散步，是吗？根据句意，陈述部分的谓
语部分是“is allowed（被允许）”，根据“前肯后否”原则，所以反意疑问句中应用isn’t。故选A项。
