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专题 11 简单句与并列句
（解析版）
考点清单
一、句子成分
成分 用法 例句
表示句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通 Some young people can't settle down to their
主语
常在句子前 own business.
说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么
谓语 The plane takes off at 8.
样”。 通常在主语后
You can leave your pet with me while
宾语 表示动作、行为的对象。在及物动词或介词后
travelling.
与系动词连用，说明主语的性质、特征。常在 He turned doctor after school, as his parents
表语
系动词之后 had expected.
用来修饰名词或代词。单个词常在被修饰的词
定语 She cut the cake into two pieces.
前，短语或句子在被修饰的词之后
修饰动词、形容词、副词或句子，表示动作发
Tom speaks English very fast and I almost
状语 生的时间、地点、目的、方式等。位置比较灵
can't understand him.
活
补语 用来补充说明句子的宾语或主语 We all find him funny.
对句子中某成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面
同位语 的名词在语法上处于同等地位。同位语常常置 They each can get a chance to travel by air.
于被说明的词之后
二、简单句子种类
句型 例句
主语+谓语 We ran.
主语+谓语+宾语 We like running.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语 I gave the players sports shoes.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 We make running a habit.
主语+系动词+表语 We are athletes.
There/Here be句型 There is a bottle of water in my bag.
三、并列连词
并列连词 词义和用法 例句
and “和，与，且，又”，表顺承、递进关系 Do it slowly and carefully.
His mother won't be there but his father
but “但，而，然而”，表示转折关系
might.
yet He is poor, yet he is happy.
“但，而，然而”，既可以用作并列连词，也可以用作副词 Although he is poor, yet he is happy.
not...but... “不是.....而是.....” He is not a teacher but a doctor.
“因此，所以”。表因果关系，不能与从 It was still painful so I went to see a
so
属连词because连用 doctor.
or “或，或者，还是”，表选择关系 Are you coming or not?
We listened eagerly, for he brought news of
for “因为”。表因果关系
our families.
He spoke with both kindness and
both...and... “既......又......”，两个都
understanding.
not only...but
“不仅......而且......” Not only men but also women were chosen.
also...
neither...nor... “既不......也不......” Neither Tom nor Helen is hard-working.
either...or... “要么......要么......” Either you are mad or I am.
They have a flat in town as well as in the
as well as 也，还
countryside.
四、并列句的固定句型
句式 用法 例句
祈使句+and+陈述句 =if从句+主句 Word hard and you will succeed.
祈使句+or+陈述句 =if...not...从句+主句 Dress warmly, or you will catch a cold.
...be doing when... We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
...be about to do/on the when在此相当于 We were about to set off when it suddenly began to
point of doing when... rain.
and at that time
...had just done sth. I had just finished my homework when Tom came to
when... me.
变式练习
基础练
1. If you receive it, you should send a present money to the graduate.
2. Frank, 62，has spent the last 20 years as a foster father to many children. He knows they are going
to
die, he takes them in anyway.
3. Hurry up you will be late for the bus.
4. Work hard you will be admitted to a key university.
5. Every fall, a large number of grapes are shipped from Xinjiang to other parts of China, the rest
are made into raisins for easy storage.
6. In recent years, several studies have examined whether deliberately smiling can make changes to howpeople feel psychologically during races, few have looked at the physical effect on sports
performance.
7. One day, the cow was eating grass it began to rain heavily.
8. Shall we go out to the cinema stay at home?
9. There are many kinds of sports, my favorite is swimming.
10. Henry is very smart, many of his classmates like him.
参考答案：
1. or 2. but/yet 3. or 4. and 5. and/while
6. but 7. when 8. or 9. but 10. so
提升练
1. In China, the question is not “What shall I have?” “What shall we have?”. Food is
ordered to share with others, not just for oneself.
2. What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, you went for the best cups and
then began looking at each other' s cups.
3. He or she can also attend classes from wherever they are recovering-whether at home from
a hospital bed.
4. People can find so many good things, such as useful information and lovely pictures on the web,
it is also a global village filled with bad things.
5. It is difficult to choose between this one that one.
6. Find ways to praise your children often, you will find they will open their hearts to you.
7. If you notice that someone is missing hurt, tell your teacher directly.
8. Write clearly, the students can’t see clearly.
9. The two boys were watching TV someone knocked on the door.
10. I can’t remember how the tune goes, I’ll recognize it when I hear it.
参考答案：
1. but 2. but 3. or 4. while 5. and
6. and 7. or 8. or 9. when 10. but
