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长难句的分析方法
纵观历年高考英语试题,可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。不难理解,命
题者在句子难度上大做文章,无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生
正常的阅读习惯和思维方式,从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。下面我们来分析常见
的长难句。
一、长难句的表现形式
形式1:复合从句
【重点提示】
这些句子往往较长,一个从句套着另一个从句,环环相扣,使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结
构。其实,不管句子有多长、多复杂,它只由两部分构成,即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句
子的骨架,主要指主谓宾结构(如: I want a ticket.)或主系表结构(如:The man is a teacher.)。而
修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用,它既可以是单词,也可以是短语,更常见的则是
从句,尤其是定语从句和状语从句。这些从句都很常见,考生比较熟悉,但很多时候不少考生
分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系,这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。
这时,考生应通过仔细分析,将每个修饰成分画出来,找出句子的主干,这样整个句子结构
就清晰了。
【考题再现】
(2023·浙江高考·1月卷) As you make your lifestyle changes, you may find yourself wanting to
speak up for yourself if others comment on what you’re doing, which can turn itself into a whole
household debate.
当你改变生活方式时,如果别人对你的所作所为发表评论,你可能会发现自己想为自己说话,
这可能会演变成一场家庭辩论。(As引导时间状语从句,wanting to speak up for yourself是宾
语补足语,if引导条件状语从句,what引导宾语从句,which引导定语从句)
(2022·全国乙卷)That is the very likely future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to
making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure worldwide are safe for
trains on a 24/7 basis.那很有可能是应用如今的“天眼”技术的未来,以确保全球数百万千米
的铁路轨道和基础设施对于火车来说都能全天候安全运行。(句子主干是That is the very
likely future,of applying...是介宾短语修饰future,making sure后面是that 引导的宾语从句)
(2021·全国乙卷)Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really
necessary and they’re keeping it as a security blanket—19 percent say they never use it while afurther 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.在那些仍然有固定电话的澳大利亚人中,三分
之一的人承认固定电话并不是必需的,他们将其作为一种安全保障——19%的人表示他们从
未使用过固定电话,还有13%的人保留固定电话以防紧急情况。(句首的介词Of短语中含有
who引导的定语从句,concede和say后面分别接了一个宾语从句)
形式2:分隔结构
【重点提示】
为了调整语气和增加补充信息,更主要的是为了平衡句子结构,避免头重脚轻,使语义严
密,结构紧凑,可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来,这就是所谓的分
隔结构。考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。此外,还有一些
句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置,也可以看作是插入现象,只不过它只是句子原有成分
位置的调整,没有新增信息。
【考题再现】
(2021·全国乙卷)That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are
our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we
pick up the phone.也就是说,老实说,唯一打过我们家庭电话的人是我们婴儿潮一代的父母,到
了我们玩拿起话筒以前猜一猜是谁在打电话游戏的时候了。(That said与后面的宾语从句之
间被插入语to be honest隔开了,宾语从句中的主语the only people后who引导的定语从句使
其与谓语部分are our Baby Boomers parents隔开了)
形式3:改变语序
【重点提示】
改变语序主要指倒装句式。这种打破相对固定的常规语序的做法,或是为了强调句子表
达的重心,或是强调一种表达语气,如虚拟语气、否定语气等。这些句子往往和一些副词、连
词相关,有明显的标志。
【考题再现】
It was not only the gift, but the love of the children for her that moved her very much.
不仅仅是这份礼物,还有孩子们对她的爱,使她非常感动。(这是一个强调句型,强调作主
语的not only the gift, but the love of the children for her)
当然,被动句、双重否定句等句式在阅读考试中也屡屡出现。希望考生能结合阅读实践
来体会句法特征。
二、长难句的突破方法——结构分析法
所谓结构分析法,就是通过语法分析,迅速弄清句子的结构,把握住句子的基本框架。基本步骤:首先,判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句;然后,找出句子的核心成分,分清主语和
谓语,再分清句子的附属成分。
方法1:较复杂单句的处理方法——找主语、谓语,即找主干成分
较复杂单句在高考试卷中经常出现,所以应引起考生们的足够重视。
① However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the
human body is just not designed to last about 120 years.
此句的主语为many scientists,主语后面包含了一个由who引导的定语从句。主句有两
个谓语,即are doubtful和say, say后面又包含了一个宾语从句。
② Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main
selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.
此句的主语为Some companies,有两个谓语,即have made和emphasize。
③ At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors’ chute(滑道) doors and
sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute.
此句的主语为a microcomputer,有两个谓语,即locks和sets。
方法2:并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词
① The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and fermenting yeast(酵母)
made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.
② Miss Germaine’s mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr Cordell’s parents
are reported to be less than delighted.
句①中第一个and和句②中的and是连接两个并列成分的,两句话中的and都是连接两
个并列单句。
方法3:主从复合句的处理方法——找连接词
Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing
marriage,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious
trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.
whereas尽管,引导了一个让步状语从句,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know
his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on
the sofa为主句,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。
方法4:并列复合句和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列复合句,再看主从复合句
If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language,
you will get answers like “Shakespeare” “Samuel Johnson” and “Webster”, but none of these menhad any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William, the Conqueror.
首先弄清并列复合句,即but连接的两个句子,再看but前是一个含有If引导的条件状语
从句的复合句,but后是一个含有who引导的定语从句的复合句。
考点精练
完成句子
1. You will tell your friend that you him/her and you will meet
after class and talk then.
2. He has two sons, both of are kind to him.
3. that I hardly noticed five hours fly by!
4. While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future , these undoubted
benefits also bring concerns and fears.
5. Not only a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had
also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
6. Our school won’t have students cheating in the exam.
7. Having checked the doors were closed, and that all the lights were off, the boy left
home.
8. However, the attacks on them will continue . To achieve…
9. Let’s listen to the music together, ? Family time!
10. You say he works hard, and .
11. They also things like different hairstyles—which says a lot, perhaps, about
what they want to look like.
12. Because of its convenience for bicycles, Amsterdam cyclists.
13. The leader of the is a highly person and we all like the activities he .
(organize)
14. 很遗憾我们队在决赛中被击败了。
our team was defeated in the final.
15. In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes
to slim down quickly.
16. we’re walking to school, doing homework or just at the
weekend, we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.
17. After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully,and .
18. —Would you please go to ask him for help?
—But he is busy?
19. The man because of breaking rules. (用lay的相关短语填空)
20. The final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing, the
fleet had been built.
21. Children who from school are unimaginative.
22. Written Chinese has become an important China’s present is connected with its
past. People in modern times can read the were written by Chinese in ancient times.
23. It has four Roll-Royce Merlin engines, but the group will need to have only three of them
rebuilt. when they broke open the packing cases and found that the fourth engine
was sweet as honey-still in perfect condition.
24. Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet, ?(附加疑问句)
25. The teacher is our English teacher. Her daughter is very beautiful. (将两个简单句合并为
复合句)
26. he has got well-prepared, he is still nervous.
27. It boils down to this: . From a small girl, I would stay in at lunch time just
to…
28. Asimov had amazing mind he searched for
explanations of everything, in the present and the past.(按句意完成句子)
29. the valuable paintings were hidden is still a mystery.
30. A cultural idea an understanding of the world that typically of thinking in a
particular culture. For example, there are ideas about wealth, family, and attitudes towards one’s
elders in almost every culture in the world. Yet, people from different cultures view these things
.
31. Getting fat often eating too much. (用result相关短语的适当形式填空)
32. The French author Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin once wrote, “Tell me what you eat, and I
will tell you what you are.” , this means “You are what you eat.”
33. What we can say, however, is that culture and cuisine
, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other.
34. this gate, and you’ll see the house on your left. (用through的相关短语完成句子)
35. Watch out for injuries while exercising. Stop you begin to feel any pain.
36. I’m so sorry! ! Don’t be so quick to judge your friend.
37. True happiness the joy of achievement rather than the possession of money.
38. As a visitor or guest in either a Chinese home or restaurant, you will find that manners are
important, and keep you in high spirits.
39. —How was the television debate last night?
—Super! did a debate attract so much media attention.
40. 你能告诉我我们在什么地方开会吗?
① Can you tell me ?(where引
导的宾语从句)
②Can you tell me ?(“疑问词+ to do”结
构)
41. A smile can help us and find friends in a world of strangers.
42. This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on
the way to the city of Machu Piccchu. After , you will
and be amazed by this ancient city.
43. busy you are, you can fit self-care into your schedule.
44. Bach died in 1750,but not until the early 19th century his musical gift
was fully recognized.
45. you leave this tent, you will get a big surprise.
46. It’s not possible to our past as we move towards the future. When the project
ended in 1980, it was . the countries found a path to the future that didn’t
the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to
build a better tomorrow. (课本原文填空)
47. In short, , we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect
it.
48. You can solve this problem only .(用way的相关短语填空)
49. Do you, like a teacher or an expert in a field, wish to illustrate your ideas in detail to people
unfamiliar with your subject they can understand your ideas clearly and
thoroughly?50. 2012 was the Nobel Prize in literature awarded to a Chinese writer for
the first time.
51. When I told her the air would __________________________ and it would be very cold, she
said it would be an interesting experience.
52. The Amazon rainforest the planet by fixing carbon and
producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen.(根据句意完成句子)
53. 他太小了不能去上学。
He is young he can not go to school.
54. On the way home, he asked Jenny . To his surprise, she said she hadn’t.
55. I did not understand all of the traditional customs, but a few made a deep impression on me.
One was the bridegroom’s entrance on a beautiful white horse. I had never seen that back home!
Another was the part when Nadim’s father proudly led his daughter through the rows of seats to
her husband. It reminded me of my sister’s wedding. .
56. I am glad to join you in playing this game, but please allow me to introduce
myself to you. (用all的相关短语完成句子)
57. Leg power can save you money, keep you fit and help you live longer. And
by 50%!
58. The Chinatown in San Francisco is the biggest in America, and also the oldest. It is
receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge.
59. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures
actually a lot after all.
60. How your brother managed to pass the math exam last week?He's always so lazy.
61. Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s present its
past.
62. Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and
attitudes towards life. that allow us to relax and enjoy life, und forget about our
work for a little while.
63. bad my mood is, that perfect combination is always enough to lift my spirits.
64. After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully,
and . Through this kind of healthy discussion, you will learn when and
when to ask your parents to relax their control.65. But how do our phones know where in the world we are and in which direction we are going?
It is all thanks to the satellites in space that help our phones our position.
where you are around the world, your phone may be receiving data from different systems.
66. 只有当你能找到内心的平静时,你才会和别人保持良好的关系。
you can find peace in your heart with others.
67. Wait for a moment patiently. The problem at the meeting now.
68. In short, this technology is transforming the way we live. .
69. 铃一响,孩子们就冲了出去。(完全倒装)
The moment the bell rang, .
70. All the scientific evidence shows that an increasing amount of carbon dioxide the
rise of the earth’s temperature. (用result相关短语的适当形式填空)
71. If you see someone choking, first . Then, make sure the victim is really
choking: A choking person cannot speak. will often force out the obstruction. (根
据句意完成句子)
72. The antelope population has … and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope . The
government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the
Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. (根据句意完成句子)
73. Before you finish the total, please these new figures. (用add的相关短
语填空)
74. Nature is miraculous because it is always changing. many
times you look at something, you can always find something different.
75. Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers,
.
76. Let’s talk about this . I don’t like talking over the telephone. (用“名词+介词+名
词”结构的短语填空)
77. I had little trouble the new life at senior high as there are many
classmates that I have been familiar with.
78. Though journalists presenting the truth,it is better to use our own judgement than
rely entirely on news reports.
79. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America
a land bridge existed in times. (根据课文内容填空)80. If you really have to use a car, with someone else.
81. Hugh his lack of confidence his mother.
82. —Why didn’t you come to join her party?
—Sorry, I was going to , but I had an unexpected visitor.
83. Under the sky a village painted with smaller strokes and finer detail, giving
the impression of peace.
84. —Is it going to rain tomorrow?
—I’m afraid .
85. You keep the children out of trouble.
86. This decision will have effect on or not he will succeed.
87. In the ten provinces and three territories which Canada, there is great diversity in
geography.
88. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest is the Yellow River.
89. As the local gas pipeline is not functioning any , the villagers now rely on
firewood, both for cooking and heating.
90. The duty of literature is to note and to light up what is suited to the light.
91. the Internet has now become the first place that the of people
information.
92. we headed out to mow lawns, Dad was there to watch. I used to wonder
why he came with us.
93. He looked at me I were mad.
94. As a result, readers better understanding the gap between rich and poor, men and
women, the learned and the uneducated in the historical context.
95. It is for teenagers of your generation to be attracted to computer
games and the online world.
96. I’m just waiting for a friend. It’s an a made twenty years ago. There used to be a
restaurant this store stands.
97. The Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, whose average altitude is above 4,000 metres, the
roof of the world.
98. Nevertheless, before most new homes begin to use this new
technology.99. I can well remember that __________________________ a deep blue sky, the song of the
birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.
100. Even when an idea sounds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect of it that .
参考答案
1. are concerned about
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他/她,你会在课后见面,然后
聊天。本句考查短语be concerned about“关心”,且应用一般现在时,主语为you,故填are
concerned about。
2. whom
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:他有两个儿子,都对他很体贴。分析句子可知,本句含有
非限制性定语从句。考查介词后跟关系代词,在定语从句中,先行词为two sons,先行词
指人,介词后跟whom。故填whom。
3. I was so caught up in the party fever
【解析】考查固定句型和时态。句意:我沉浸在派对狂热中,几乎没有注意到五个小时的
飞逝。结合句意可知,空处表示“我沉浸在派对狂热中”,描述的是过去发生的事情,时
态应用一般过去时。结合that可推知,此处用so… that…的固定句型,表示“如此……以
至于……”,that引导的是结果状语从句,主句中主语“我”用I,是第一人称单数,谓语
部分的“沉浸在……中”可用固定短语was so caught up in,“派对狂热”可用名词短语the
party fever,作in的宾语。故填I was so caught up in the party fever。
4. where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:虽然人工智能爱好者向我们承诺了一个光明的未来,智能
机器人将为我们服务,但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了担忧和恐惧。空处引导定语从句,
修饰先行词future,关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引
导定语从句。根据“these undoubted benefits”可知,定语从句描述AI带来的好处。
intelligent robots“智能机器人”,在定语从句中作主语,定语从句中为将来进行时态,表示
将来的某一时间点或某一时间段正在发生的事情。work to our advantage“对我们有利”。故
填where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage。
5. had the countries found
【解析】考查动词时态和部分倒装。句意:这些国家不仅找到了一条通往未来的道路,而不会越过过去的遗迹,而且还认识到,各国有可能共同努力建设一个更美好的明天。表示
“这些国家”应用the countries,表示“找到”应用find,此处表示“过去的过去”,使用
过去完成时,not only置于句首,使用部分倒装,助动词had前置。故填had the countries
found。
6. get away with
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:我们学校不会容许学生在考试中作弊而不受惩罚。根据
“cheating in the exam.”可知,此处指学校不会容忍学生的这种行为,即“考试中作弊而不
受到惩罚”,get away with表示“侥幸逃脱,做错事而不受惩罚”;句中的 have 是使役
动词,students作宾语,其后用省去 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填get away with。
7. that/不填
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:在检查了所有的门都关了,所有的灯都关了之后,男孩离
开了家。分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语从句引导词,从句the doors were closed成分和意
义都完整,应使用关系词that或者省略,故填that/不填。
8. as long as interest in buying elephant products exists
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:然而,只要人们对购买大象产品的兴趣存在,对大象的攻
击就会继续下去。结合句意引导条件状语从句,表示“只要”应用as long as;表示“购买
大象产品的兴趣”应用 interest in buying elephant products;动词exist作谓语,as long as引
导条件状语从句,遵循主将从现。故填as long as interest in buying elephant products exists。
9. shall we
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:让我们一起听音乐,好吗?现在是家庭时间! 分析设空,
空前是逗号,问号结尾,推知,这是一个反意疑问句,以Let’s开头的祈使句反意疑问句反
问部分用shall we。故填shall we。
10. so he does so do you
【解析】考查倒装句。句意:你说他工作努力,他的确是,你也是这样。根据句意和所给
部分可知这里使用so +主语+助动词(不倒装),表示“的确是的”,是对上文说法的赞成;
so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(倒装句),意为“…也是”,表示“情况也适用
于…”。故填①so he does;②so do you。
11. experiment with
【解析】考查动词时态和短语。句意:他们也会尝试像不同的发型这样的事情——这可能
会体现他们理想中的样子。experiment with“以……做实验”符合句意,由下文的says和want可断定用一般现在时,主语They是复数,用原形动词,故填experiment with。
【点睛】
12. has become very popular with
【解析】考查现在完成时和形容词作表语。句意:由于骑自行车很方便,阿姆斯特丹在骑
自行车的人中非常受欢迎。固定短语:be/become popular with“在……中受欢迎或变得受欢
迎”,其中形容词popular在连系动词后面作表语;该句表示到现在为止已经完成的事情,
所以句子用现在完成时,且主语是第三人称单数Amsterdam,所以谓语动词用动词的第三
人称单数形式。故填has become very popular with。
13. organization organized organizes
【解析】考查名词、形容词和动词时态。句意:这个组织的领导是一个很有条理的人,我
们都喜欢他组织的活动。第一空根据上文the可知应填名词,表示“组织”,故填
organization;第二空修饰名词person应用形容词,表示“有条理的”,故填organized;第
三空中organize做谓语动词,且结合上文可知为一般现在时,主语为he,谓语动词用第三
人称单数形式,故填organizes。
14. It’s a pity that
【解析】考查固定句型。表示“遗憾”应用名词pity。分析句子可知,此处应用固定句型
It’s a pity that…,句中it作形式主语,that引导的从句作真正的主语。故填It’s a pity that。
15. turn to extreme methods
【解析】考查动词短。句意:在一个以瘦为美的社会里,青少年们有时转向极端的方法来
快速减肥。根据句意及所给句子可知,空格处意为“转向极端的方法”,“转向”是turn
to,“极端的”是extreme,“方法”是method,要用复数,句子陈述目前的情况,应用一
般现在时,主语teenagers是复数,因此turn用原形。故填①turn;②to;③extreme;
④methods。
16. Whether hanging out
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:无论是走路上学、做作业还是周末出去玩,我们几乎没有
离开过彼此的视线。短语whether ...or 译为“不管……还是……”,分析句意,此处用
whether引导让步状语从句,位于句首注意首字母大写,根据下文at the weekend可知这里
说的是,出去玩应用“hang out”,由or连接与上文动词短语形式保持一致,使用hanging
out,故填①Whether ②hanging③ out。
17. address their concerns【解析】考查祈使句句式、动词和名词。句意:在你想清楚之后,冷静地解释你的行为和
感受,仔细倾听,并解决他们的担忧。根据“thought it through, explain your actions and
feelings calmly, listen carefully”可知,此处是指解决他们的担忧,应用动词address表示“解
决”,名词concern表示“担忧”,表示“他们的”应用形容词性物主代词,concern为可
数名词,应用复数形式。根据“explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully”可知,
此处应用祈使句句式。故填address their concerns。
18. what if
【解析】考查固定句型。句意:——你请他帮忙好吗?——但假若他很忙呢?根据句意可
知设空处为“假若……怎么办?”,故填①what;②if。
19. was laid off
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:那人因违反规定而被解雇。事情已发生,主语
The man和谓语动词短语lay off (解雇)是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语The
man单数,谓语单数形式。故填was laid off。
20. where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:最后的证据是,在南京发现了一个巨大的造船厂,该船队
就是在那里建造的。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Nanjing,先行词在从句中作地点
状语,故用关系副词where。故填where。
21. play truant
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:逃学的孩子们都缺乏想像力。根据下文“from school are
unimaginative(从学校中……缺乏想象力)”可推理出空白处应填表示“逃学”含义的表达,
动词短语play truant的含义为“逃学”,符合句意,故填play truant。
22. means by which classic works which
【解析】考查名词及定语从句。句意:书面汉语已经成为连接中国现在和过去的重要手段。
现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的经典著作。根据课文内容及所给句子可知,第一空应用
means by which,其中means是先行词,by which是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句;
第二空应用classic works which,其中classic works“经典著作”是先行词,which引导定语
从句。故填①means by which;②classic works which。
23. Imagine their surprise and delight
【解析】考查祈使句。此处是when引导的时间状语从句,主句是祈使句。故填Imaginetheir surprise and delight.
24. haven't they/hasn't he
【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:每个人都劝你不要节食,不是吗?当陈述部分涉及宾语从
句,但主句主语不是第一人称时,反意疑问句与主句保持一致。主句主语为everyone,当
强调全部时看作复数,疑问部分用they;当强调个体时,看作单数,疑问部分用he;主句
为现在完成时,结合前肯后否,故填haven't they/hasn't he。
25. The teacher whose daughter is very beautiful is our English teacher.
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:这个老师是我们的英语老师,她的女儿很漂亮。中心词是
老师,在关系从句中作定语表示“的”,用whose。故答案是 The teacher whose daughter is
very beautiful is our English teacher.
26. Even if
【解析】考查连词。句意:即使他做好了充分的准备,他仍然很紧张。结合句意和句子结
构可知,空处用even if“即使”引导让步状语从句。故填Even if。
27. I was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination
【解析】考查名词、形容词和陈述句。句意:归结起来就是:我生来就有巨大的动力和决
心。从一个小女孩的时候开始,我会在午餐时间呆在家里,只是为了……。根据下文中的
“From a small girl, I would stay in at lunch time just to…”并结合课文内容可知,此处应表示
“我生来就有巨大的动力和决心”,句子时态用一般过去时,“天生”用短语be born
with,“巨大的动力和决心”是an enormous amount of drive and determination,整句应为I
was born with an enormous amount of drive and determination。故填I was born with an
enormous amount of drive and determination.
28. an with
which
【解析】考查冠词、介词和定语从句。句意:阿西莫夫有一个惊人的头脑,他用它来寻找
对现在和过去一切的解释。mind“头脑”是可数名词,此处表泛指,应用不定冠词修饰,
amazing的发音以元音音素开头,应用an;结合句意表示“用”用介词with;第三空引导
限制性定语从句,代替先行词mind作介词with的宾语,应用关系代词which引导定语从句。
故填an;with;which。
29. Where
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:这些名画藏在哪里仍然是个谜。分析句式结构可知,此处是主语从句,再根据下文的hidden可知,此处用where来引导主语从句,且位于句首的单
词首字母要大写。故填Where。
30. is reflects differently
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文化观念是一种对世界的理解,通常反映了特定文化中的思维。
例如,在世界上几乎每一种文化中都有关于财富、家庭和对长辈的态度的观念。然而,不
同文化背景的人对这些事情的看法是不同的。
【解析】考查时态、动词和副词。第一空,句意:文化观念是一种对世界的理解,它通常
反映了特定文化中的思维。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为idea,谓语用单数;第二
空,句意:文化观念是一种对世界的理解,它通常反映了特定文化中的思维。表示“反
映”应用动词reflect,且定语从句中谓语与先行词understanding保持一致,应用第三人称
单数形式;第三空,句意:然而,不同文化背景的人对这些事情的看法是不同的。修饰动
词view,表示“不同”应用副词differently。故填is;reflection和differently。
31. results from
【解析】考查动词短语,时态和主谓一致。句意:发胖往往是吃得太多的结果。分析句子,
设空处应该使用谓语动词,同时句子描述的是客观事实,故使用一般现在时。根据提示,
result from意为“导致”,句子的主语是getting fat,动名词作主语为单数,谓语动词也应
该用第三人称单数。故答案为results from。
32. Put more simply
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:法国作家Jean-Anthelme Brillat Savarin曾写道:“告诉我
你平时吃什么,我就可以说出你是个什么样的人。”简单地说,这句话就是“人如其食”
的意思。根据句子结构和前后文句意可知,此处表达“更简单地说”,应用动词短语put
more simply,put意为“表述”,副词比较级more simply修饰动词。此处为祈使句开头,
句首字母大写,故填①Put;②more;③simply。
33. go hand in hand
【解析】考查动词短语和时态。句意:然而,我们可以说的是,文化和美食是息息相关的,
如果你没有经历过其中一个,你就永远无法真正了解另一个。根据句意,表示“息息相
关”,用动词go hand in hand,在表语从句中作谓语,描述客观事实用一般现在时态,主语
culture and cuisine是复数概念,谓语用复数形式。故填go;hand;in;hand。
34. Go through
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:穿过这扇门,你将会看到房子在你的左边。根据句意以及汉语提示,空处应用短语go through,表示“穿过”,本句为“祈使句,and+陈述句”结
构,所以空处应用动词原形置于句首,go的首字母大写。故填Go through。
35. as soon as
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意:运动时要小心受伤。一到疼痛就停止。分析句子可知,
空处填连词引导状语从句,根据句意,as soon as“一……就……”符合句意,故填as soon
as。
36. But this friendship is worth saving: eight years is a long time
【解析】考查形容词短语和一般现在时。句意:我很抱歉!但这份友谊值得保留:八年是
很长的时间!不要那么快就评判你的朋友。根据前文“I’m so sorry!”和后文“Don’t be so
quick to judge your friend.”可知,此处是指说话者有错失,但是说话者认为彼此的友谊应该
保留,所以空格内容和前文构成转折关系,应用转折词but。句首首字母应大写。表示“友
谊”应用名词friendship作主语,表示“值得被……”应用形容词短语be worth doing。表
示“保留”应用动词save。根据“I’m so sorry!”可知,此处应用一般现在时。主语
friendship为第三人称单数。eight years表示一段时间,所以应为单数。表示“很长的时
间”应用a long time。故填But this friendship is worth saving: eight years is a long time。
37. lies in
【解析】考查动词短语、时态和主谓一致。句意:真正的幸福在于取得成就时的喜悦,而
不是拥有金钱。分析句子可知,空处应为谓语动词;动词短语lie in表示“在于……”,符
合句意;本句表示客观事实,故应用一般现在时,主语是“True happiness”,谓语动词应用
单数。故填lies in。
38. which add to the enjoyment of your meals
【解析】考查短语、时态和定语从句。句意:无论是在中国家里还是在中国餐馆里做客,
你都会发现礼仪很重要,它能使你用餐更有乐趣,并使你精神饱满。add to增添。句中先
行词为manners,在非限定性定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。根据句中时
态可知,用一般现在时。结合句意,故填which add to the enjoyment of your meals。
39. Barely/ Hardly/Seldom
【解析】考查副词。句意:——昨晚的电视辩论怎么样?——太好了!几乎没有一场辩论
引起如此多的媒体关注。结合句意可知填入否定副词Barely/ Hardly/Seldom(几乎不)位于
句首,之后句子使用部分倒装,助动词did放在主语a debate之前符合题意。故填Barely/
Hardly/Seldom。40. where we will have the meeting where to
have the meeting
【解析】考查宾语从句和疑问词+ to do结构。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知,此处为
连接副词where表示“在哪里”引导的宾语从句,在该宾语从句中,表示“我们将开会”
可译为we will have the meeting;此处也可为疑问词where表示“在哪里”后接动词不定式
to do的结构;表示“开会”为动词短语have the meeting。故分别填where;we;will;
have;the;meeting;where;to;have;the;meeting。
41. get through difficult situations
【解析】考查固定句型和固定短语。句意:一个微笑可以帮助我们度过困境,在陌生人的
世界里找到朋友。get through熬过(困难时期等),该短语是固定短语,用名词situations作
宾语,形容词difficult作定语,修饰名词situations,help sb. do sth.帮助某人做某事,该句
型是固定句型,所以填get through difficult situations。
42. reaching your destination have a day to explore
【解析】考查句子结构,非谓语和动词短语。句意:为期四天的徒步旅行将带您沿着安第
斯山脉的迷人小径前往马丘比丘。到达目的地后,您将有一天的时间去探索这座古老的城
市,并为之惊叹。结合前文“This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths
through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Piccchu.(为期四天的徒步旅行将
带您穿越安第斯山脉,前往马丘比丘市。)”提及了旅行路径,“be amazed by this ancient
city(被这座古城惊呆了)”可推知,此空应是表达“到达了目的地之后”,after为介词,用
动名词短语“reach your destination”,即“reaching your destination”。第二个空则为句子的
谓语部分,用动词词组,结合“This four-day walking tour(为期四天的徒步旅行)”可推知,
这里应是表达到达目的地后的旅程安排,即,“游览一天”,用动词短语“have a day to
explore”表达,“will”为情态动词,动词用原形。故填:①reaching your destination;
②have a day to explore。
43. No matter how
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意:无论你有多忙,你可以把自我照顾纳入你的日程安排。
根据句意理解,空格处要用连词连接两个完整的句子;结合空后的busy可知,连词要用no
matter how连接。放在句首,首字母要大写。故填No matter how。
44. it was that
【解析】考查强调句。句意:巴赫于1750年去世,但直到19世纪初,他的音乐天赋才得到充分认识。分析可知,去掉设空处句子依然完整,由此可知,此处考查强调句型:it
is/was+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分,此处陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时,对
时间状语“not until the early 19th century”进行强调,应用that。故填①it was②that。
45. The moment
【解析】考查连词短语。句意:一离开这个帐篷,你就会大吃一惊。the moment一……
就……,引导时间状语从句,故填The moment。
46. preserve everything from considered as a great success Not only had
run over
【解析】考查动词短语和部分倒装。句意:在走向未来的过程中,我们不可能将过去的一
切都保存下来。该项目于1980年完工,它被视为一项巨大的成功。这些国家不仅找到了一
条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路,而且明白了多个国家合作共创美好未来的可能性。
第一空是to+动词短语作真正的主语,根据句意,故填preserve everything from;第二空和
主语it之间是被动关系,结合短语consider...as...可知,应填considered as a great success;
根据句意第三空表达“不仅”之意,且位于句首,用部分倒装,提前过去完成时态的助动
词had,故填Not only had;根据句意“牺牲古迹”可知,用run over表示“撞到,推翻”,
放于助动词后,用原形,故填run over。综上,故填①preserve everything from②considered
as a great success③Not only had④run over。
47. if we want to survive
【解析】考查句子结构。句意:简言之,如果我们想要生存,我们需要停止破坏我们赖以
生存的星球,并开始保护它。根据语境,推测空处应填写“如果我们想要生存”,应用if
引导条件状语从句,“我们想要生存”可以翻译为we want to survive,主句中含有情态动
词need,if从句用一般现在时,从句主语为we,动词want使用原形形式即可。故填if we
want to survive。
48. in this way
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:你只有用这种方法才能解决这个问题。由句意和括号提示
可知,空格处填短语in this way,表示“用这种方法,这样”,在句中做状语。故答案为
in this way。
49. so that
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:你是否像老师或某一领域的专家一样,希望向不熟悉你的
学科的人详细说明你的想法,以便他们能清楚透彻地理解你的想法?由“they canunderstand your ideas clearly and thoroughly”可知,句子表示“你是否像老师或某一领域的专
家一样,希望向不熟悉你的学科的人详细说明你的想法,以便他们能清楚透彻地理解你的
想法”,空格处是“以便于”,是so that,引导目的状语从句,故填so,that。
50. Not until
【解析】考查部分倒装。句意:直到2012年,诺贝尔文学奖才首次授予中国作家。谓语动
词was awarded在句中使用了部分倒装语序,可知句首应该是否定含义的状语部分;结合
句意,直到2012,诺贝尔文学奖才第一次被授予中国作家。not until...置于句首,主句谓语
动词使用部分倒装。故填Not until。
51. be hard to breathe
【解析】考查固定句式。句意:当我告诉她空气会很难呼吸,天气会很冷,她说那会是一
次有趣的经历。该空处表达的意思是“很难呼吸”。表示“困难的”,可用形容词hard。
表示“呼吸”,可用动词breathe。would是情态动词,后面要接动词原形。该句可用“主
语+系动词+adj.+动词不定式”结构。故填be hard to breathe。
52. breathes life into
【解析】考查固定短语、时态、主谓一致。句意:亚马逊雨林通过固定碳和生产超过20%
的地球氧气,为地球注入活力。根据the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per
cent of all the Earth’s oxygen可知,空格处应表达“注入活力”,可用固定短语breathe life
into。本句描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语The Amazon rainforest为第三人称单数,
谓语也用第三人称单数。故填①breathes②life③into。
53. so that
【解析】考查固定句型。根据句意和第2空后的句子可知,此处应填“so...that...”,意为:
如此……以至于……,表示他是如此的小以至于不能去上学。故填①so;②that。
54. if she had enjoyed the speech
【解析】考查时态和宾语从句。句意:在回家的路上,他问珍妮是否喜欢他的祝词。使他
吃惊的是,她说她不喜欢。该空处句意为“是否喜欢他的祝词”,表示“喜欢他的祝词”
应用enjoy the speech。空处涉及一个由if引导的宾语从句,作谓语动词asked的宾语。分析
句意可知,从句是表“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时had enjoyed。故填if she had
enjoyed the speech。
55. Although our cultures are so different, the smiling faces are the same
【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意:我不了解所有的传统习俗,但有一些给我留下了深刻的印象。一个是新郎骑着一匹漂亮的白马入场。我在家乡从来没见过这种情况!还有一段
是Nadim的父亲,骄傲地带着女儿穿过一排排座位,来到她丈夫面前。让我想起了我姐姐
的婚礼。虽然我们的文化差异很大,但笑脸是一样的。该空句意为“虽然我们的文化差异
很大,但笑脸是一样的。”,所以“虽然我们的文化差异很大”可用although引导让步状
语从句,句子描述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,“文化差异很大”表示为our cultures
are so different,主句为“但笑脸是一样的”,表示为“the smiling faces are the same”。故填
Although our cultures are so different, the smiling faces are the same。
56. first of all
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:我很高兴加入你们的游戏,但首先请允许我向你介绍一下
我自己。根据提示和but可知,前后表示转折,first of all表示“首先”,和句中的
“introduce myself”相契合,作状语。故填first of all。
57. regular exercise cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%!
【解析】考查时态。此处regular exercise“有规律的锻炼”是主语,谓语动词用单数形式,
且指客观事实,句子用一般现在时态。故填And regular exercise cuts the risk of heart disease
by 50%!
58. a very popular tourist draw that/which
【解析】考查名词和定语从句。句意:旧金山的唐人街是美国最大的唐人街。它是一个非
常受欢迎的旅游景点,每年接待的游客甚至比金门大桥还多。根据句意,系动词is后接名
词a very popular tourist draw,draw表示“有吸引力的东西”,“receives more visitors each
year than even the Golden Gate Bridge”是定语从句,修饰draw,从句中作主语,用关系代词
which或者that,故填a very popular tourist draw that/which。
59. have in common
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:如果你仔细研究节日,你可能会惊讶地发现,不同的文化
实际上有很多共同点。根据“if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that
different cultures”可知,句子表示“如果你仔细研究节日,你可能会惊讶地发现,不同的文
化实际上有很多共同点”,此处是固定短语have a lot in common,句子描述客观事实,时
态用一般现在时,主语cultures是复数,因此第一空用动词原形have,第二空是in
common。故填①have;②in common。
60. was it that
【解析】考查强调句和时态。句意:你哥哥上星期数学考试怎么及格的?他总是那么懒。本句为强调句的特殊疑问句,其结构是“疑问词+is/was+it+that从句”。根据时间状语last
week可知,用一般过去时。根据句意,故填was it that。
61. is connected with
【解析】考查短语和时态。句意:书面汉语也成为将中国的现在与过去联系起来的重要手
段。结合句意表达“与……有关系”用be connected with,空处为定语从句的谓语动词,陈
述客观事实,主语which指代先行词an important means,为单数概念,谓语动词用第三人
称单数形式。故填is connected with。
62. They are occasions
【解析】考查句子结构和名词。句意:节日是社会的重要组成部分。它们反映了人们的愿
望、信仰、信仰和对生活的态度。 它们是让我们放松和享受生活的场合,让我们暂时忘
记工作。根据句意可知,空处填They are occasions,为主系表结构,occasions作定语从句
的主语。故填They are occasions。
63. No matter how
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:无论我的心情有多糟糕,这种完美的组合总是足以让我振
作起来。引导让步状语从句,表示“无论多么”应用no matter how,句首单词首字母要大
写。故填No matter how。
64. address their concerns to back down
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:在你想清楚之后,冷静地解释你的行为和感受,仔细倾听,
并解决他们的担忧。通过这种健康的讨论,你将学会何时退让,何时要求父母放松他们的
控制。第一空表示“解决他们的担忧”短语为address their concerns,为肯定祈使句,用动
词原形;第二空表示“退让”短语为back down,且为“疑问词+不定式”结构。故填
①address their concerns;②to back down。
65. locate
No matter
【解析】考查动词和状语从句。句意:但是我们的手机怎么知道我们在世界的哪个地方,
我们要去哪个方向呢?这都要感谢太空中的卫星帮助我们的手机定位我们的位置。无论你
在世界的哪个地方,你的手机都可能从不同的系统接收数据。根据句意“定位”可知,第
一空需填动词locate,help sb. do sth.为固定用法,空处需填动词原形;根据句意“无论什
么地方”可知,第二空需填no matter,和where一起引导让步状语从句,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填①locate;②No matter。
66. Only when will you keep good relationships
【解析】考查部分倒装和动词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知,该句第一处为副词Only
表示“只有”后接连词when引导的时间状语从句,当Only+状语位于句首时,句子用部分
倒装,即把情态动词will表示“将要”放在主语you之前,表示“和……保持良好的关
系”应为动词短语keep good relationships with…。故分别填:Only when;will you keep
good relationships。
67. is being discussed
【解析】考查时态,语态和主谓一致。句意:耐心等一会儿。这个问题正在会议上讨论。
由“Wait for a moment patiently”和“now”可知,这个问题正在会议上讨论,问题是被讨论,
因此空格处是现在进行时的被动语态,即is/are being done,主语problem是单数,因此空
格处是is being discussed。故填is being discussed。
68. It is clear that we are at a turning point in history
【解析】考查主语从句和短语。句意:简而言之,这项技术正在改变我们的生活方式。很
明显,我们正处于历史的转折点。根据课文所学及句意可知,表达“很明显”可用句型it
is clear that...,it为形式主语,that引导主语从句。“我们正处于历史的转折点”可表达为
we are at a turning point in history,从句为主系表结构,不缺少主要成分,用that引导。故
填:It is clear that we are at a turning point in history。
69. out rushed the children
【解析】考查完全倒转句式和动词时态。根据句意以及句子的要求可知,此处为表示位置
的副词out“外面”位于句首时,句子需要完全倒装,即整个谓语动词放在主语之前,表示
“冲”为动词rush,表示“孩子们”为名词the children作主语成分,结合前句动词rang可
知,此处应为一般过去时。故填out rushed the children。
70. results in
【解析】考查动词短语,时态和主谓一致。句意:所有的科学证据都表明,二氧化碳的增
加导致了地球温度的上升。短语“result in”意为“导致;结果是”。根据句意可知此处需
用短语result in作谓语;主语为第三人称单数形式,谓语动词用三单。故填results in。
71. call the emergency services Slapping the victim’s back
【解析】考查动词、名词和非谓语动词。句意:如果你看到有人窒息,首先拨打急救电话。
然后,确定受害者真的窒息了:窒息的人不能说话。拍打受害者的背部通常会将阻塞物挤出。根据“If you see someone choking”和“first”以及生活常识可知,看到有人窒息应首先
“拨打急救电话”,可用动词call表示“打电话”,用名词短语the emergency services表示
“急救服务”,且此处是祈使句,call应用原形。根据“will often force out the obstruction”
和生活常识可知,通常会将阻塞物挤出的方法是“拍打受害者的背部”,可用动词slap表
示“拍打”,用名词短语the victim’s back表示“受害者的背部”,因第二空作句子的主语,
是非谓语动词,此处介绍的是一件已知的经验,slap应用动名词形式,且首字母需大写。
故填①call the emergency services;②Slapping the victim’s back。
73. add up
【解析】考查固定短语和祈使句。句意:在算完总数之前,请把这些新数字加起来。由
“these new figures”可知,此处表示“把这些新数字加起来”,空格处意为“把……加起
来”,是固定短语add up,句子是祈使句,空格处动词用原形。故填add,up。
74. no matter how
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:大自然是神奇的,因为它总是在变化。不管你看事物多少
次,你总能发现不一样的东西。根据句意,空处填表示“不管(如何)……”的短语,引
导让步状语从句;故填①no②matter③how。
75. to whom he had devoted his life
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:确实,他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千
千万万的中国农民一样。结合句意可知,此处指“他为农民奉献了一生”,“为……奉献一
生”使用动词短语devote one’s life to,空处使用“介词to+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句,
先行词是Chinese farmers,指人,应用关系代词whom,主句用的是一般过去时,从句表示
发生在主句动作之前的事情,应用过去完成时,故填to whom he had devoted his life。
76. face to face
【解析】考查固定短语。句意:我们当面谈谈吧。我不喜欢在电话里交谈。由“I don’t like
talking over the telephone”可知,空格处所在句子表示“我们当面谈谈吧”,空格处意为
“面对面地”,是固定短语face to face,故填face to face。
77. adapting to
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:我很难适应高中的新生活,因为有很多我熟悉的同学。根
据前后文句意可知,此处应表达“适应”,动词短语adapt to符合句意,have trouble (in)
doing sth是固定句型。故空1填adapting;空2填to。
78. are committed to【解析】考查时态和固定短语。句意:虽然新闻工作者致力于报道真相,但与其依赖新闻
报道,不如运用自己的判断。根据主句时态,可知让步状语从句用一般现在时;短语:be
committed to“致力于”是固定短语;从句主语“journalists”是复数,从句谓语动词用复数,
故填are committed to。
79. by means of which prehistoric
【解析】考查短语,定语从句和形容词。句意:科学家认为这些移民者穿过北极的白令海
峡,通过穿越存在于史前的大陆桥进入美国。空1、2、3根据句意可知是“经由”,英文表
达为短语by means of,设空4引导定语从句,指代先行词bridge,在从句中做主语,应用
which,设空5修饰名词times,可知为形容词,根据句意,可知是prehistoric,故填by;
means;of;which;prehistoric。
80. share journeys
【解析】考查祈使句和名词做宾语。句意:如果你非要用车的话,你可以搭其他的人车。
根据前文的have to use a car以及后文with someone else可知,此处表示“搭乘其他人的
车”,可用动词短语“share journeys (with others)”表示,分析句子结构可知,可用祈使句
式,动词用原形。故填share journeys。
81. blames on
【解析】考查动词时态和短语。句意:Hugh把自己缺乏自信心归咎于他的母亲。根据
“his lack of confidence”以及“his mother”可知,他把缺乏自信心归咎于母亲,“把……归
咎”是blame...on somebody,描述事实用一般现在时,主语是单数,谓语用第三人称单数,
故填blames;on。
82. have
【解析】考查省略。句意:——你为什么不来参加她的聚会? ——对不起,我本来要去参
加她的聚会的,但有个不速之客。 根据句意分析句子可知,此处是考查固定句型be going
to have done(本打算做某事而没做),完整的句子应该是Sorry, I was going to have come to
join her party, but I had an unexpected visitor. 其中come to join her party部分与上文的内容重
复,所以应该省略;不定式的省略,如果不定式中含有be,have done时,要保留be或
have。故填have。
83. rests
【解析】考查动词及主谓一致。句意:天空下有一个村庄,这个村庄用更小的笔触和更精
细的细节画出来,给人一种宁静的感觉。分析句子可知,设空处在句中作谓语,结合句意可知,此处应指“天空下有一个小村庄”,可用动词rest,表示“休息、倚靠、存放”;
主语为后面的a village,这是一个表系主的倒装结构,此处是在作客观陈述,用一般现在
时即可,主语为单数形式,故谓语动词也用单数。故填rests。
84. so/not so/not
【解析】考查省略句。句意:——明天会下雨吗?——恐怕是这样/不是这样/不是。表示
“恐怕这样”用I’m afraid so,表示“我恐怕不是这样”用not so或not。故填so/not
so/not。
85. were meant to
【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:你本该不让孩子们遇到麻烦的。结合句
意,“该/应该……”可用短语be meant to do sth.表示;此处指事情发生在过去,所以应用
一般过去时。主语You是第二人称,所以谓语应用复数形式。故填were meant to。
86. whether
【解析】考查连词。句意:这个决定将影响他是否会成功。根据句意和空格前的介词on以
及空格后的or not可知,空格处应该填入连词whether引导宾语从句,意义为“是否”。故
填whether。
87. make up
【解析】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意:在组成加拿大的10个省和3个地区,地理上有
很大的多样性。根据句意“组成”可知,此处为动词短语make up,陈述客观事实,使用
一般现在时,主语which指代ten provinces and three territories,谓语动词用原形。故填
make up。
88. of which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:中国有很多河流,其中第二长的是黄河。分析句式结构可
知,此处是先行词为rivers的定语从句,再根据the second logest可知,此处应该用介词of
表所属关系,且介词后面只能用关系代词which来引导。故填of which。
89. longer
【解析】考查副词。句意:由于当地的天然气管道不再运行,村民们现在依靠木柴做饭和
取暖。not...any longer意为“不再……”,为固定结构,longer为副词,作状语。故填
longer。
90. what counts
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:文学的职责是注意有价值的东西,照亮适合于光明的东西。动词 note后接宾语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,所以用连接代词what引导,结合
句中时态可知,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据句意,故填what counts。
91. No wonder majority turn to for
【解析】考查固定句型,名词短语和动词短语。句意:难怪现在互联网已经成为大多数人
获取信息的第一个地方。根据所给出的英语句子并结合句意可推知,这里应是固定句型
“It is no wonder that+从句”,意为“难怪……”。其中,“It is”和从句引导词“that”可省
略,构成“No wonder…”句式,其后可直接跟从句,因此空①和空②填“No
wonder”。“the ________ of people”应是“大部分人”含义,用名词短语“the majority of
people”表达,因此,空③填“majority”。空④和空⑤在定语从句“that the (majority) of
people _____ ______ ______ information”中表达“转向,求助于”含义,用动词短语
“turn to”表达,动词作从句的谓语,时态用一般现在时,从句主语为复数,动词用原形,
因此,空④和空⑤填“turn to”。空⑥应是介词表达“为了”含义,用“for”表达。故填
①No;②wonder;③majority;④turn;⑤to;⑥for。
92. Every/Each time
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意:每次我们出去割草,爸爸都会在那里看着。我曾经想
知道他为什么和我们一起来。结合语意,空处引导时间状语从句,表示“每次,每当”,
应用短语every time或者each time。故填Every/Each,time。
93. as if
【解析】考查状语从句。句意:他看着我,好像我疯了似的。“I were mad”作方式状语,
用从属连词as if引导,意为“好像,仿佛”。故填as if。
94. are capable of
【解析】考查固定短语,时态和主谓一致。句意:因此,读者能够更好地理解在历史背景
下的贫富差距、男性和女性之间的差距、有学问的人和没有受过教育的人之间的差距。根
据语境和“better understanding the gap between rich and poor, men and women, the learned and
the uneducated in the historical context”可知,句子表示“读者能够更好地理解在历史背景下
的贫富差距、男性和女性之间的差距、有学问的人和没有受过教育的人之间的差距”,空
格处意为“能够”,由空格后的动名词“understanding”可知,“能够”是固定短语“be
capable of”,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语“readers”是复数,因此空格处
是are capable of,故填are capable of。
95. not unusual【解析】考查形容词。句意:你们这一代的青少年被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不罕见。
It is +形容词+ for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是……。根据句意和常识,青少年被电
脑游戏和网络世界所吸引并不罕见,unusual“不寻常的”,形容词作表语,句式用否定式,
故填not unusual。
96. appointment/ppointment where
【解析】考查名词和定语从句。句意:我只是在等一个朋友。这是20年前的约定。这家商
店所在的地方以前有一家餐馆。第一空处应填名词作表语,根据首字母和汉语提示,名词
appointment“约定”符合题意,冠词an提示用其单数形式;第二空处引导定语从句,先行
词restaurant在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故填①appointment;
②where。
97. is known as
【解析】考查动词短语。句意:平均海拔4000米以上的青藏高原被称为世界屋脊。分析句
子结构可知,whose引导的是非限制性定语从句,主句缺少谓语,所以空处应填动词,根
据句意,表达“被称为”之意,应是固定搭配:be known as,主语是The Qinghai-Xizang
Plateau,为第三人称单数,描述客观事实,用一般现在时。故填is known as。
98. it will take some years
【解析】考查固定句型。句意:然而,大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时
间。结合句意可知,此处指“大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间”,使
用固定句型It will take +一段时间+before...,意为“多长时间之后才……”,故填it will take
some years。
99. there was a time when
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:我还能清晰的记得有那样一段时间,深蓝的天空、鸟儿的
歌声、月光和花朵都不能吸引住我。结合句意表示“有一段时间”可知句型为there be a
time when,when引导定语从句,描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填there was a time
when。
100. is based on truth
【解析】考查时态,短语和名词。句意:即使某个想法听起来完全不可能,其中也可能有
某个方面是基于事实的。分析句子可知,that引导定语从句,修饰an aspect,根据句意,
“基于真理的”,用be based on“基于……”作谓语,根据句意,用一般现在时,truth“事
实”,关系代词that指代an aspect,是单数,故be动词用第三人称单数is。故填is basedon truth。