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【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单配套【练案】
专题 06 动词时态语态(过去时)100 题 解析版
(思维导图+考点细目表+五年真题分类通关+名校好题通关)
一、高考命题考向
1.一般过去时的用法(高频考点)
2.过去现在时的用法(低频考点)
3.过去完成时的用法(低频考点)
4.过去将来时的用法(低频考点)
二、动词时态语态五年高考真题细目表
卷别 现在时 过去时 将来时(含被动)
2024新课标II卷 were;was built
2024全国甲卷 were (should) be done
2023新高考II卷 wished
2023全国甲卷 become改为becomes make → made (can) be employed
2023全国乙卷 was amazed
2023全国北京卷 has established had arrived would throw
2022新高考I卷 is designed were
2022新高考II卷 were fixing; threw
2022全国甲卷 has walked was-were; become-became
2022全国乙卷 lives-live; 去掉have后的been addressed
2022北京卷 has; has increased
2021新高考I卷 was
2021新高考II卷 was
2021全国甲卷 are改为is was built; hired
2021全国乙卷 删去are
2021北京卷 connects
2020全国I卷 means; is constructed touched
2020全国II卷 carries start改为started
2020全国III卷 had改成have pointed (would) be chosen
2020新高考卷 are called; is formed
2019全国I卷 has reported;are
2019全国II卷 have made declared
recommended;were
2019全国III卷 required改为requires
invited
2019北京卷 voiced三、动词时态语态(过去时)五年高考真题分类通关
1(2024 新课标 I 卷)Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___ 5 8___ (be) also Shakespeare’s
concerns.
答案:were
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖
的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词,根据句意以及定语从
句时态可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“some of the things”,复数。故填were。
2.(2024 新课标 I 卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___ 6 1___
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
答案:was built
解析:考查时态和语态。句意:两年后,一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成,该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅
十分钟步行路程,其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词,根据时间状语“Two years later”可知,
本句时态为一般过去时;主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”,单数,和动词“build”之间为被动关系,所以
用被动语态。故填was built。
3.(2024 全国甲卷)They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five
awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
答案: were。
解析:本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人,时间为1870年,同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可
知本空时态为过去式且为复数形式,故填were。
4. Fountain pens _________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are
refillable.
答案:were used
解析:考查动词时态和语态。句意:钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了,最近又重新流行起来,因为它们可
以重新填充。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语long ago可知,应用一般过去时,主语Fountain pens和动词
use之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
5.(2023新高考II卷)As a little girl, I _________ (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up.
答案:wished
解析:考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知,
本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去
时。故填wished。
6.(2023 全国乙卷)Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
答案:was amazed
解析:考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一
个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“how a city was
able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I和动词
amaze之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
7.(2023 北京卷)Soon after moving to Switzerland, I _________ (throw) a house-warming party and was
greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time.
试卷第2页,共14页答案:threw
解析:考查动词时态。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30位客人都准时出现时,
我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知,句子陈述过去发
生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填threw。
8.(2023北京卷)Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find
that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
答案:had arrived
解析:考查动词时态。句意:多年以后,搬到法国后,我在约定的时间赴宴,却发现没有其他客人到场,
女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词 turned up之前,属于“过去的过去”,应用过去完
成时。故填had arrived。
9.(2022新高考 I卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)
previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to
increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
答案:were
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有
的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在 that引导的限制性定
语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之
前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
10.(2022新高考II卷)Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric
hanging from the balcony.
答案:was fixing
【解析】句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的
when he heard the screams,可知,这是“was/were doing…when…”句型,设空处的动作是正在发生的,
同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为 was
fixing。故填was fixing。
11.(2022 北京卷)Eventually, the man _________ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her
wallet!
答案:caught
解析:考查动词时态。句意:最终,那个男人追上了她,他只是想把她的钱包还给她!结合句意,这是
“A and B”型并列句。空白处应填谓语动词的形式,动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时。故填caught。
12.(2022 浙江卷)When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he _________ (notice)her
smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said.
答案:noticed
解析:考查时态。句意:当他触摸到莱昂纳多•达•芬奇的 3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时,他立刻注意到了她的微
笑。根据“he felt”可知,本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。
13.(2021 新高考 I 卷)What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it
_________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
答案:was
解析:考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it,时间状语是then,所以用was。14.(2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It
_________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
答案:was built
解析:句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知,空格处为谓
语,动词build和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty
可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填was built。
15.(2020全国I卷)The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese
moon goddess _________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
答案:touched
解析:考查动词时态及语态。句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神
——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时,故
填touched。
16.(2021浙江卷)After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and _________
(sell) most of their furniture.
答案:sold
解析:考查动词。句意:1861年林肯当选美国总统后,他们租了房子,卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分
可知,设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语;根据时间状语1861可知,此处用一般过去时态,提
示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。
17.(2021新高考II卷)I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the
biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
答案:was
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从
句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数
名词复数结构中,谓语动词用单数,所以填was。
18.(2021全国甲卷)We _________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old
and shaky but did the job.
答案:hired
解析:考查动词时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,根据上
下文可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。
19.(2021浙江卷)Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary
loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect
order.
答案:was painted
解析:考查被动语态。句意:这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,The
little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知,房子是“被漆”的,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以要
用被动语态;根据上文的 was built 可知,此处为一般过去时态;一般过去时的被动语态结构
是was/were+过去分词;主语The little home是单数第三人称,所以要用was,提示词paint的过去分词形
式是painted。故填was painted。
20.(2020 新高考)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, _________ (form) the core
试卷第4页,共14页collection of the British Museum that opened in 1759.
答案:formed
解析:考查动词时态。句意:例如,汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏
品。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语in1759可知,应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
四、动词时态语态(过去时)名校好题通关
21.(23-24 高三下•全国•课后作业)Last year, neither the experts nor the physician ___________ (be)
enthusiastic about the cure for the severe disease.
【答案】was
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:去年,专家和医生都对这种严重疾病的治疗不感兴趣。设空处作谓
语,由“Last year”可知,此句用一般过去时,neither…nor…连接两个并列名词作主语时,遵循就近原则,
句中谓语动词与“the physician”保持一致,用单数形式,故填was。
22.(2024高三•全国•专题练习)By Aug 19, Haihua Island ___________ (receive) over 1 million tourists during
the summer vacation.
【答案】had received
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:截至8月19日,海花岛在暑假期间接待了超过100万游客。根据上文By
Aug 19可知,是by+过去时间点,此处表示“过去的过去”,谓语动词receive应用过去完成时。故填had
received。
23.(23-24 高三下•全国•课后作业)My heart ___________ (sink) when I was informed that my moderate
reforms ended up in failure.
【答案】sank/sunk
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:当我得知我的温和改革以失败告终时,我的心一沉。空处应填谓语动词,
由句意及空后的when I was informed that my moderate reforms ended up in failure可知动作发生在过去,
应用一般过去时,sink 过去式为sank/sunk。故填sank/sunk。
24.(24-25 高三上•全国•课后作业)What ___________ (astonish) me was that she didn’t care about my
feelings.
【答案】astonished
【解析】考查时态。句意:使我吃惊的是她根本不关心我的感受。本句为 what引导的主语从句,谓语为
astonish,根据was可知,为一般过去时。故填astonished。
25.(23-24 高三下•新疆克孜勒苏•期中)Uncle Wang ___________ (water) the flowers when I passed his
garden.
【答案】was watering
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:当我经过王叔叔的花园时,他正在浇花。根据 when I passed his garden可
知,此处表示过去某个时刻正在做某事,应用过去进行时,主语为 Uncle Wang ,谓语用单数。故填was
watering。
26.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)The concert began with a piece of relaxing music and (conclude)with a
piece of soft music.
【答案】concluded
【解析】考查时态。句意:音乐会以一首轻松的音乐开始,并以一首柔和的音乐结束。分析句子结构,空
白处在句子中作谓语,因句子表示的是过去发生的动作,谓语动词使用一般过去时,故填concluded。
27.(23-24 高三下•上海•期末)Did you predict that many students___________ (sign) up for the dance
competition?
【答案】would sign
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:你是否预料到许多学生会报名参加舞蹈比赛?表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态,应用过去将来时。故填would sign。
28.(2024 高三下•全国•专题练习)My husband is always talking about the economy, but I’d rather he
___________ (focus) more on our children’s education.
【答案】focused
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:我丈夫总是谈论经济,但我宁愿他多关注一下我们孩子的教育。分析句子
结构可知,此处应为“would rather+从句”结构,从句中的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气,根据并列句的谓
语动词is always talking可知,此处表示的是现在的情况,所以谓语动词应使用一般过去时,focus与句子
主语he之间为主动关系。故填focused。
29.(2024高三•北京•专题练习)I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I___________ (throw) a house-
warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up exactly on time.
【答案】threw
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:搬到瑞士后不久,我要举办一个乔迁派对,当所有30位客人都准时出现时,
我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知,句子陈述过去发
生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填threw。
30.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)The only thing she knew was that the cash in that envelope ___________
(belong) to someone else.
【答案】belonged
【解析】考查时态。句意:她唯一知道的是那个信封里的现金属于别人。was后为表语从句,本空为从句
谓语,根据语境和was可知事情发生在过去,故时态用一般过去时,用 belong“属于”的过去式。故填
belonged。
31.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)Three weeks ago, I ___________ (witness) an accident a few miles away.
【答案】witnessed
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意:三周前,我在几英里外目睹了一起事故。witness在句中为动词,意思是
“见证,目击”,根据本句时间状语“three weeks ago”可知,句子应该使用一般过去时,故答案是
witnessed。
32.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)I ___________ (search) the Internet for the relevant information when my
cellphone rang.
【答案】was searching
【解析】考查时态。句意:我正在网上搜索相关信息时,手机响了。分析句子可知,此空应填谓语动词,
再根据句意和when my cellphone rang可知,这里谓语动词用过去进行时,表示过去正在发生的动作,be
doing sth. when...表“正在做某事,正在那时……”,为固定句型。故填was searching。
33.(23-24 高三下•全国•课前预习)When we reached the top of the hill, a magnificent view of the sea
___________ (greet) us.
【答案】greeted
【解析】考查时态。句意:当我们到达山顶时,映入眼帘的是壮丽的海景。根据上文 reached可知,描述
过去发生的事,为一般过去时。故填greeted。
34.(23-24高三上•海南海口•阶段练习)Some children ___________ (slide) on the ice happily when they heard
someone crying for help.
【答案】were sliding
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:一些孩子正高兴地在冰上滑着,这时他们听到有人呼救。此处为固定句型
sb be doing sth when...“某人在过去某个时刻正在做某事这时……”,由主语 Some children 及空后的 they
heard 可知此处表示过去某个时刻动作正在进行,应用过去进行时。故填were sliding。
35.(2024高三•全国•专题练习)David ___________ (wander) in the street alone when someone patted him on
the shoulder.
试卷第6页,共14页【答案】was wandering
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:David正独自在街上徘徊,这时有人拍了拍他的肩膀。结合句意可知,此
处是“be doing sth when...”结构,表示“正在做某事,这时……”,由patted可知,句子是描述过去发生
的事情,应用过去进行时,主语David表示单数意义,be动词用was。故填was wandering。
36.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)His mother said that she ___________ (check) his homework at that time.
【答案】was checking
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他的母亲说她当时正在检查他的家庭作业。分析句子可知,句子为“that”
引导的宾语从句,主句为一般过去时,根据句中“at that time”可知,从句表示过去某一时间正在发生的
事,应用过去进行时,主语是单数,be动词使用was。故填was checking。
37.(2024高三•全国•专题练习)The big fire ___________ (break) out on the morning of April 25 , 2005, when
most of the villagers(sleep) soundly then.
【答案】 broke, were sleeping
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:大火发生在2005年4月25日早上,当时大多数村民都在熟睡。
分析句子可知,该句第一空由April 25 , 2005时间状语可知,应为动词的一般过去时。该句第二空由then
可知,此处应表示过去正在进行的事情,为过去进行时,主语most of the villagers为复数名词,所以为动
词的复数形式。故分别填broke;were sleeping。
38.(2023高三•全国•专题练习)When I said someone was foolish, I ___________ (not refer) to you.
【答案】wasn’t referring
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:当我说有些人愚蠢时,我不是指你。分析句子可知,refer是主句谓语动词,
应使用过去进行时。故填wasn’t referring。
39.(2023高三上•全国•专题练习)—Do you know where Tom is?
—He ___________ (read) in the reading room this morning, but I don’t know if he is still there.
【答案】was reading
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:——你知道Tom在哪吗?——他今早在阅览室读书,但我不知道他现在是
否还在那里。分析句子可知,设空处在句中作谓语,应用动词;其主语为he,二者之间为主动关系,应用
主动语态;结合时间状语this morning可知,此处表示今天早上那时正在做的事,应用过去进行时,主语
为第三人称单数,故谓语也用单数。故填was reading。
40.(2024高三上•全国•专题练习)It wasn’t invented in the United States, nor ___________ (do) it originate in
Germany. It really comes from China.
【答案】did
【解析】1. 考查助动词。句意:它不是在美国被发明的,它的起源也不在德国。当否定词nor位于句首时,
句子要进行部分倒装,因为说的是过去的事情,所以该助动词要用did,故填did。
41.(2024 高三上•全国•专题练习)The police ___________ (search) for the murderer everywhere when he
suddenly appeared in a theatre.
【答案】were searching
【解析】考查时态。句意:警察正在到处搜捕凶手,他突然出现在剧院里。sb. was/were doing…when…是
固定句型,表示“正在做某事这时发生另一件意外的事”,police表示警察总称,复数意义。故填were
searching。
42.(2024高三上•全国•专题练习)He must have sensed that I ___________ (look) at him. He suddenly glanced
at me and said quietly, “Why are you staring at me like that?”
【答案】was looking
【解析】考查时态。句意:他一定感觉到我在看他。他突然瞥了我一眼,平静地说:“你为什么要这样盯
着我看?”结合语境判断这里表示当时在进行的动作,故用过去进行时。故答案是was looking。
43.(2024高三上•全国•专题练习)Jim ___________ (watch) a late night film at home when, right in the middleof a thrilling scene, the television went blank.
【答案】was watching
【解析】考查过去进行时。句意:吉姆正在家看一部深夜电影,在一个令人激动的场景中,电视机突然一
片空白。根据句中went black,可知,本句的时态为一般过去时。固定句式:be doing…when…“正在……
突然……”,所以用was,故答案是was watching。
44.(2024高三上•全国•专题练习)Her mother (cook) in the kitchen at this time yesterday.
【答案】was cooking
【解析】考查过去进行时。句意:昨天的这个时间她的妈妈在厨房里做饭。时间状语 at this time yesterday
表明过去某时正在发生的动作,应用过去进行时。故答案是was cooking。
45.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)Seeing her husband pace back and forth, the woman ___________ (arise)
from the seat and asked him to stop.
【答案】arose
【解析】考查谓语动词。句意:看到丈夫来来回回踱步,这位女士从座位上站起来,让他停下来。分析句
子结构可知,此处应为谓语动词,根据句意以及并列句的谓语动词asked可知,此处应为一般过去时,
arise与主语the woman之间为主动关系,所以此处使用arise的过去式arose。故填arose。
46.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)My friend Tony, who ___________ (study) acupuncture at a college near
London at the time, suggested that I visit an acupuncturist.
【答案】was studying
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我的朋友托尼当时正在伦敦附近的一所大学学习针灸,他建议我去看一名
针灸师。空处为句子的谓语,根据 at the time 可知,时态应用过去进行时,此处主语 who指代的是
Tony,第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was studying。
47.(23-24高三下•福建三明•期中)What a city —— a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake
that ___________ (occur) in 1906.
【答案】occurred
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:这是一座多么伟大的城市,一座能够在1906年地震后重建的城市。空处为
that引导的定语从句中的谓语,根据时间状语in 1906可知事件发生在过去,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过
去式。故填occurred。
48.(23-24高三上•河南南阳•阶段练习)When I came in, the students ___________ (occupy) themselves doing
their homework.
【答案】were occupying
【解析】考查固定句式。句意:我进来时,学生们正忙着做作业。固定句式 sb. be doing sth. when…“某人
正在做某事突然……”,且根据上文When I came in可知主句应用过去进行时,主语为students,故填
were occupying。
49.(23-24高三下•全国•期末)She ___________ (phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away. (所给词
的适当形式填空)
【答案】was phoning
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:她正和某人打电话,所以我向她点点头,走开了。根据后文“so I nodded
to her and went away”可知打电话的动作正在进行中,且发生在过去,因此使用过去进行时,主语为she,
谓语动词用单数。故填was phoning。
50.(2024高三•全国•专题练习)While my father ___________ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly
___________ (let) out a cry of surprise.
【答案】was looking, let
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我父亲正在看晚报时,突然惊叫了一声。根据句意,可知,此句话描述的
是过去发生的事,且在第1个空的动作进行中,发生了第2个短暂性的动作,所以第一个空用过去进行时,
试卷第8页,共14页且主语是第三人称单数;第二个空用一般过去时,故①was looking;②let。
51.(2024 高三•全国•专题练习)When he came into the sitting room, he found his father ___________
(entertain) his guests to some fruit.
【答案】entertaining / was entertaining
【解析】考查现在分词作宾语补足语/时态。句意:当他走进客厅时,他发现他父亲正在招待客人吃水果。
find sb. doing,意为:发现某人正在某事,其中的现在分词doing作宾语补足语;find之后可以接省略引
导词的宾语从句,故空格处填谓语动词,主句是一般过去时态,则从句也要用相应的过去时态,结合语境
此处用过去进行时。故填entertaining / was entertaining。
52.(23-24 高三上•福建•期末)People ___________ (panic) and fled in all directions when they heard a
deafening explosion in the street corner.
【答案】panicked
【解析】考查时态。句意:当听到街角震耳欲聋的爆炸声时,人们惊慌失措,四处逃散。由 and fled可知,
句子时态是一般过去时,and前后时态一致,因此空格处是过去式panicked。故填panicked。
53.(2024高三上•全国•专题练习)George said that he___________ (come) to school to see me the next day,
but he didn’t.
【答案】would come
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:乔治说他第二天会来学校看我,但他没有。根据 said可知,主句的时态为
一般过去时,而从句中的the next day暗示将要发生,所以宾语从句中用过去将来时。故填would come。
54.(23-24高三•全国•课时练习)At college, Barack Obama didn't know that he___________ (become) the first
black president of the United States of America.
【答案】was to become
【解析】考查时态。句意:在大学的时候,巴拉克•奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一个黑人总统。此处用
过去将来时表示过去某个时间将要发生的事情,结构为“主语+was/were to do”,主语为he,谓语用单数。
故填was to become。
55.(23-24高三上•全国•课后作业)James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ___________ (come) until
yesterday.
【答案】was coming
【解析】考查时态。句意:詹姆斯刚到,但我直到昨天才知道他要来。结合语境可知,我过去不知道他要
来,表示“过去将要……”,come用进行时表将来,所以用过去进行时表示过去的将来。主语第三人称,
谓语单数形式。故填was coming。
56.(2024高三•全国•专题练习)They made up their minds that they ___________ (buy) a new house once
Larry changed jobs.
【答案】would buy
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:他们决定一旦拉里换了工作,他们就买座新房子。that引导的从句为复合
句,其中once引导的时间状语从句用的是一般过去时,主句用过去将来时。故填would buy。
57.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)We ___________ (complain) to the travel agency about the terrible service
during the trip the other day. However, no one ___________ (respond) until now.
【答案】 complained has responded
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:前几天我们向旅行社抱怨旅行中糟糕的服务。然而,直到现在
还没有人回应。根据时间状语“the other day”可知,第一空使用一般过去时,需填complained;根据时间
状语“until now”可知,第二空使用现在完成时,主语为 no one,助动词用has。故填①complained;
②has responded。
58.(23-24高三上•全国•课时练习)We ___________ (leave) very early so we packed our bags the night before.
【答案】were leaving/would leave【解析】考查过去进行时或过去将来时。句意:我们会很早离开,所以前一天晚上就打包好了行李。根据
so后的并列分句“我们前一天晚上就打包好了行李”可知,可以使用过去进行时表过去将来的动作;或者
直接用过去将来时。主语为we,谓语动词应用复数。故填 were leaving/would leave。
59.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)He said the team ___________ (experiment) with different types of food
products, but the models they got weren't as successful.
【答案】had experimented
【解析】考查时态。句意:他说,该团队已经试验了不同类型的食品,但他们得到的模型并不成功。这里
为从句的谓语动词,根据主句谓语said可知,从句时态为过去完成时。故填had experimented。
60.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)The host ___________ (contact) me in advance by the time he reached the
pub packed with people.
【答案】had contacted
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:当主人到达挤满了人的酒吧时,他已经提前和我联系了。分析句子可知,
此处为谓语动词的填入,结合该句时间状语 by the time he reached…可知,此处应为过去完成时。故填
had contacted。
61.(2024 高三下•全国•专题练习)By the end of the expedition, we ___________ (climb) 12 mountains,
watched 108 nest boxes, tagged 35 mammals, banded 74 birds and measured more than a thousand trees. We were
tired out...
【答案】had climbed
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:到探险结束时,我们爬了 12座山,观察了108个巢箱,给35种哺乳动
物贴上了标签,给74只鸟戴上了绑带,还测量了1000多棵树。我们都累坏了……根据“By the end of the
expedition”可知,此处应用过去完成时。故填had climbed。
62.(24-25高三上•全国•课后作业)When he looked down, he accidentally ___________ (slip) and fell over the
edge.
【答案】slipped
【解析】考查时态。句意:当他往下看的时候,不小心滑倒了。空处为主句谓语动词,根据“and fell”可
知,句子描述的是过去的事情,动词使用一般过去时,故填slipped。
63.(2024高三•全国•专题练习)It was the third time that he ___________ (win) the gold medal in the Olympic
Games.
【答案】had won
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:这是他第三次在奥运会上获得金牌。在句型 it was +序数词+time +that
+从句中,从句用过去完成时,表示“某人第几次作某事”。故填had won。
64.(23-24 高三上•河南南阳•阶段练习)After visiting many fancy restaurants, she declared this bowl of
noodles to be the best thing she___________ (eat) in China ever.
【答案】had eaten
【解析】考查时态。句意:在逛了许多高级餐馆之后,她说这碗面条是她在中国吃过的最好吃的东西。
“吃”这个动作发生在declared之前,表示“过去的过去”,因此空格处时态是过去完成时,故填 had
eaten。
65.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)The Normans ___________ (conquer) England after the well-known Battle
of Hastings in the 11th century.
【答案】conquered
【解析】考查时态。句意:诺曼人在11世纪著名的黑斯廷斯战役后征服了英格兰。根据“in the 11th
century”可知,conquer使用一般过去时,故填conquered。
66.(2024 高三上•全国•专题练习)Hardly ___________ I ___________ (get) on the bus when it started to
move.
试卷第10页,共14页【答案】 had got
【解析】考查固定句型和倒装句。句意:我刚上公共汽车,车就开动了。hardly...when是固定句型,表示
“一……就……”,当hardly位于句首时,为部分倒装,即将助动词提到主语前面,主句一般用过去完成
时,从句用一般过去时,此处为had got,将助动词had提到主语I前面,故填①had②got。
67.(2024高三•全国•专题练习)It was not until Lucy was to leave that he realized he ___________ (fall) in
love with her.
【答案】had fallen
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:直到露西要离开,他才意识到他爱上了她。空处应填谓语动词的形式,结
合句意及空前的he realized以及空后的in love with her可知应填过去完成时形式had fallen ,表示从句动
作发生在主句动作realised之前,fall in love with sb 意为“爱上某人”,固定搭配。故填had fallen。
68.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)I ___________ (intend) to come over to see you, but was prevented from
doing so by the heavy rain.
【答案】had intended
【解析】考查时态。句意:我本打算来看你的,但因为下大雨而未能成行。had intended to do …表示“原
打算干……”。当表达某人过去未曾完成的“心愿”、“打算”、“计划”、“想法”、“许诺”等时,
expect, hope, intend, mean, plan, promise, suppose, think, want等谓语动词须用过去完成时表示过去未曾实
现的愿望、打算和意图。根据句意,故填had intended。
69.(23-24高三上•河北唐山•期中)I was lucky because that was the second time that I ___________ (visit)
Russia.
【答案】had visited
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我很幸运因为那是我第二次拜访俄罗斯了。根据固定句型“It was the+序
数词+…time that sb. had done”可知,这里要使用过去完成时态,故填had visited。
70.(23-24高三下•广东•期中)She___________ (fall) in love with classical literature after reading the novel
two years ago.
【答案】fell
【解析】考查时态。句意:两年前读完那本小说后,她爱上了古典文学。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时
间状语“two years ago”可知,句子为一般过去时态。故填fell。
71.(23-24高三上•全国•课后作业)Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ___________ (follow) your advice.
【答案】had followed
【解析】考查if only句型中的虚拟语气。句意:看看我惹的麻烦!要是我听了你的建议就好了。根据句意
可知,“我没听你的建议”是过去的事;所以if only后边从句的内容表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,谓
语动词应该用had done。故填had followed。
72.(2024高三上•全国•专题练习)—Did you have difficulty finding Ann’ house?
—Not really. She ___________ (give) us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
【答案】had given
【解析】考查时态。句意:——你很难找到安的家吗?-不是的。她给了我们明确的指示,我们很容易就能
找到它。结合语境“give us clear directions”发生在“were able to find it”之前,也就是过去的过去,应用
过去完成时。故答案是had given。
73.(2024高三上•全国•专题练习)How I wish I ___________ (buy) that skirt when it was available! Ugh! I
regret it every time.
【答案】had bought
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:我多么希望那件裙子在有货的时候我就把它买了!呃!我每次都很后悔。I
wish that…从句与过去事实相反,应用过去完成时。故答案是had bought。
74.(24-25 高三上•全国•课后作业)The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire. Jenna___________ (panic).
【答案】panicked
【解析】考查时态。句意:下一分钟,粥沸腾了,把火熄灭了。詹娜慌了。根据上文boiled可知为一般过
去时。故填panicked。
75.(23-24 高三上•河南南阳•阶段练习)I ___________ (mean) to offer you a hand, but I was otherwise
engaged then.
【答案】had meant
【解析】考查虚拟语气、固定句型。句意:我本想帮你一把,但当时我另有安排。根据句意可知,此处为
虚拟语气的固定句型,应用过去完成时,had meant to do表示“本打算做某事,但实际却没有做”。故填
had meant。
76.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)The crazy fans ___________ (wait) in line since 7 pm and they would wait
till the movie star arrived.
【答案】had been waiting
【解析】考查时态。句意:疯狂的粉丝们从晚上7点就开始排队,他们会一直等到电影明星到来。根据时
间状语 since 7 pm 和句意可知,表示过去某一时间段内一直持续的动作,并对过去造成的影响,用过去
完成进行时。故填had been waiting。
77.(2024高三上•全国•专题练习)When Alice came to herself, she did not know how long she ___________
(lie) there.
【答案】had been lying
【解析】考查时态。句意:当爱丽丝苏醒过来时,她不知道自己在那里躺了多久。结合语境以及“she
did”应用过去完成进行时表示说话之前的行为一直在进行,且动作对过去产生的影响。故填had been
lying。
78.(23-24高三下•广东茂名•期中)The singer glanced at the audience, ___________ (take) a deep breath and
began to sing.
【答案】took
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:歌手瞥了一眼观众,深深地吸了一口气,开始唱歌。分析句子可知,设空
处与glanced,began作并列谓语,根据glanced可知,应使用一般过去时。故填took。
79.(2024高三•全国•专题练习)Chang Shana, an outstanding designer and educator in China, was just 13 when
her love affair with Dunhuang ___________ (begin).
【答案】began
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:中国杰出的设计师和教育家常莎娜13岁时就爱上了敦煌。根据上文“was
just 13 when her love affair with Dunhuang”可知用一般过去时。故填began。
80.(23-24高三上•全国•专题练习)The last time I saw Jane she ___________ (pick) cotton in the fields.
【答案】was picking
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我最后一次见到简时,她正在田里摘棉花。从上文the last time I saw Jane
可知本句表示最后一次看到Jane的时候她正在进行的动作或处于的状态,所以用过去进行时,主语为
she,谓语动词用单数。故填was picking。
81.(23-24高三上•广东惠州•期中)She was practising surfing when a shark ___________ (strike).
【答案】struck
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意:当一条鲨鱼袭击她时,她正在练习冲浪。was/were doing when...意为
“正在做某事时这时(另一件事发生了)”,从句中应用一般过去时。动词 strike意为“袭击”,过去式
为struck。故填struck。
82.(23-24高三下•全国•专题练习)He said he ___________ (deliver) a speech next week.
【答案】would deliver
试卷第12页,共14页【解析】考查时态。句意:他说他将于下周发表演讲。根据主句时态可知,用过去时态。再根据从句时间
状语next week可知,用过去将来时。根据句意,故填would deliver。
83.(23-24高三下•上海•期中)Back then, I couldn’t tell whether the movie I had just watched was good or not,
but I just ___________ (keep) watching like a thirsty man longing for water.
【答案】kept
【解析】考查时态。句意:那时候,我不知道刚刚看的电影是好是坏,但我就像一个口渴的人渴望水一样
一直看下去。结合语境可知,but后描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时。故填kept。
84.(23-24 高三下•全国•课后作业)Seeing his mother approaching with a bunch of grapes, the child
___________ (slip) from his father’s grasp and ran off.
【答案】slipped
【解析】考查时态。句意:看到母亲拿着一串葡萄走近,孩子从父亲的手中逃脱,跑开了。and前后时态
一致,由ran可知,句子时态用一般过去时,空格处用过去式slipped,故填slipped。
85.(2024 高三上•全国•专题练习)There was a knock on the door. It was the second time someone
___________ (interrupt) me that evening.
【答案】had interrupted
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意:有人敲门。这是那天晚上第二次有人打断我。在 It was the
first/second/third…time that…句型中,that引导的定语从句要用过去完成时。故答案是had interrupted。
86.(23-24 高三上•上海•阶段练习)He was under so much pressure because of the new job that he
___________ (lie) awake till mid-night.
【答案】 lay
【解析】考查时态。句意:由于新工作的压力太大,他到半夜都还没睡着。空处为谓语动词,根据“He
was under so much pressure”可知,句子描述的是过去的情况,lie使用过去式,故填lay。
87.(23-24高三上•全国•单元测试)By the time I ___________ (finish) my homework, my family (cook)
dinner already.
【答案】 finished, had cooked
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:当我完成作业的时候,我的家人已经做好晚饭了。分析句子可知,By the
time…“到……的时候”,此处是指到我完成作业的时候,我的家人已经做好晚饭了,可知,此处描述的是
过去的事情,所以此处要用一般过去时,finish的过去时为finished;根据already可知,cook的动作发生
在finish之前,所以此处要用过去完成时,其结构为 had done,cook的过去分词为cooked。故分别填
finished;had cooked。
88.(23-24高三上•全国•单元测试)They ___________ (live) in China for two years before they (decide) to
move to Canada.
【答案】 had lived, decided
【解析】考查过去完成时和一般过去时。句意:在他们决定搬到加拿大之前,他们已经在中国住了两年。
结合句意可知,从句描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,live表示的动作发生在从句谓语动词decided
之前,应用过去完成时,故填①had lived②decided。
89.(23-24高三下•全国•课后作业)My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we ___________ (drag)
ourselves down the mountain towards home.
【答案】dragged
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:当我们拖着自己下山回家时,我的肌肉酸痛,膝盖发抖。分析句子可知,
空格处作谓语。根据主句My muscles were aching and my knees shaking可知,此处应用一般过去时态。
故填dragged。
90.(23-24高三上•河南南阳•阶段练习)I ___________ (intend) to say hello to Linda, but she got into her car
and drove off before I could say a word.【答案】had intended
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:我本想跟琳达打声招呼,但我还没来得及说一句话,她就上了车开走了。
分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词的填入,由后面got into her car and drove off before I could say a word“没
来得及说一句话,她就上了车开走了”由此可知,此处为过去的过去,即过去完成时。故填 had
intended。
91.(23-24高三下•山东淄博•期中)Mum was so excited that she ___________ (drop) the phone into the sea.
【答案】dropped
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:妈妈太兴奋了,以至于她把手机掉进了海里。空处位于 that引导的结果状
语从句中作谓语,根据主句谓语动词“was”可知,句子是一般过去时,从句也应使用一般过去时态来保持
时态上的一致性,应用动词drop的过去式dropped。故填dropped。
92.(2024高三上•全国•专题练习)Not until he told me the truth did I realize what ___________ (happen).
【答案】had happened
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:直到他告诉我真相,我才意识到发生了什么事。分析句子可知,设空处在
句中作谓语动词,结合前面的谓语动词时态可知,“告诉”和“意识到”都是发生在过去的事,而事情的
“发生”是在“告诉”之前,属于过去的过去,故设空处应用过去完成时 had done 结构。故填 had
happened。
93.(2024高三下•全国•专题练习)In 2011, Zhu ___________ (conduct) a survey along with his colleagues
when he saw a plant that he didn't recognize.
【答案】was conducting
【解析】考查固定句型。句意:2011年,朱先生和他的同事正在一起进行调查,这时他看到了一种他不认
识的植物。本句为固定句式:be doing when...。根据In 2011可知,为过去进行时,主语是单数,be动词
使用was。故填was conducting。
94.(23-24高三下•黑龙江哈尔滨•期中)Although Mary hurt his feelings, he ___________ (forgive) her in the
end.
【答案】forgave
【解析】考查时态。句意:虽然玛丽伤害了他的感情,但他最后还是原谅了她。设空处在主句中作谓语,
根据从句“Although Mary hurt his feelings”可知此句陈述过去的事情,应用一般过去时,故填forgave。
95.(23-24高三下•山东济宁•期中)My teacher as well as my classmates ___________ (be) friendly to me when
I first came to the new school.
【答案】was
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:当我第一次来到新学校时,我的老师和我的同学都对我很友好。空处缺少
谓语,结合came可知,句子描述过去的事情,用一般过去时,主语为 teacher,be动词用was。故填
was。
96.(23-24高三下•广东东莞•期中)Bruce ran quickly to the car, opened the car door, and ___________ (drag)
the man out.
【答案】dragged
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:布鲁斯迅速跑到汽车旁,打开车门,把那个人拖了出来。分析句子可知,
设空处是句子的并列谓语部分,根据前面的opened可知,应使用一般过去时,故填dragged。
97.(23-24高三上•吉林长春•开学考试)Bob took a photo of his girlfriend while she (dance) at the party.
【答案】was dancing
【解析】考查时态。句意:当鲍勃的女朋友在晚会上跳舞的时候,鲍勃给她拍了一张照片。分析句子可知,
句子为“while”引导的时间状语从句,从句要用进行时,根据主句中“took”可知,句子陈述的是过去发生
的事,故从句应用过去进行时,表示过去某一时间正在发生的事,“she”与“was”连用,“dance”意为
“跳舞”,动词词性,现在分词为“dancing”。故填was dancing。
试卷第14页,共14页98.(2023秋•全国•高三专题练)We ________ (strike) by his strong will and decided to learn from him.
答案:were struck
解析:考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:我们被他坚强的意志所打动,决定向他学习。根据句意,主语与
谓语构成被动关系,根据后文decided可知为一般过去时的被动语态,主语为we,谓语用复数。故填were
struck。
99.(2023秋•高三课时练)Since it ________ (found)in 1911, Tsinghua University has produced many notable
leaders in science, business, academia, and culture.
答案:was founded
解析:考查时态和语态。句意:自1911年建校以来,清华大学培养了许多科学、商业、学术和文化领域的
杰出领袖。由时间状语in 1911可知,此处表示发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时;且it与found之间是
被动关系,应用被动语态。故填was founded。
100.(2023•全国•高三假期作业)Jenny, along with two boys in our school, ________ (invite) to London to
attend an international meeting the other day.
答案:was invited
解析:考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:前几天,珍妮和我们学校的两个男孩应邀去伦敦参加一个国际
会议。根据后文the other day可知为一般过去时,且主语与谓语构成被动关系,并且主语后接介词短语
along with 不影响主语的人称和数,谓语动词应根据 Jenny的人称和数来确定。故用单数。故填 was
invited。