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2024 届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练
专题 07
宇宙探秘
NASA makes last attempts to communicate
基础篇 NASA尝试与机遇号火星车通信
with Opportunity rover on Mars
Flagship Chinese space telescope to orbit with 中国旗舰太空望远镜与空间站一起进入
巩固篇
space station 轨道
Farthest stars in Milky Way probably stolen 银河系中最遥远的恒星可能来自另一星
提高篇
from another galaxy 系
专项微练 单句语法填空 连词专项训练
真题精选 高考模拟衔接 名校真题演练
【原创题】
【基础篇】
NASA is making last attempts 1 (communicate) with Opportunity rover on Mars, said a NASA
release on Tuesday. The agency will update Opportunity's status at 11 a.m. PST (2 p.m. EST) on Wednesday at
2 press conference in the agency's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California. The briefing
3 (attend) by NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine, associate 4 (administrate) of NASA's
Science Mission Directorate, Thomas Zurbuchen, acting director of NASA's Planetary Science Division Lori Glaze
and JPL director Michael Watkins.
If there is no response by Wednesday – 5 NASA suspects will be the case – Opportunity might be
declared 6 (die) , 15 years after arriving at the red planet, according to media reports. The rover has
not been heard from for eight months since a planet-wide dust storm on Mars in June last year. 7
the storm eventually abated and the Martian skies cleared, the rover has not communicated with Earth since then.
Mission team members have been trying to rouse the rover ever since, and they've been listening for any possible
8 (signal) from Opportunity as well.
In late January, NASA has developed a new, more powerful collection of commands to try to force the rover to
resume operations. 9 , nothing was heard from Opportunity so far. Opportunity landed on Mars onJanuary 24, 2004. The golf-cart-sized rover was designed to travel 1,006 meters and operate on the Red Planet for
90 Martian days. It had traveled over 45 km and 1 0 (log) its 5,000th Martian day back in February
2018.
【巩固篇】
China is currently developing a large-scale space-
survey telescope that is expected 1 (bring)
pioneering scientific results after it is placed 2
orbit alongside the country's space station, a spokesperson of
the China Manned Space Agency said Friday. Lin Xiqiang,
also deputy director of the agency, said at a press
conference 3 the Chinese Survey Space Telescope, also known 4 the Chinese Space
Station Telescope (CSST) and Xuntian Space Telescope, 5 (expect) to make breakthroughs in
cosmology, dark matter and dark energy, galaxies and active galactic nuclei, Milky Way and neighboring galaxies,
star formation and evolution, and exoplanets. Lin said the high-resolution telescope will take deep-field survey
6 (observe) with an area of 17,500 square degrees, as well as fine observations of different types of celestial
bodies. He said that the telescope, 7 important part of the China Space Station, can obtain high-
definition panoramic views of the universe. It has 8 (rough) the same spatial resolution as the
Hubble Space Telescope, 9 its field of view is more than 300 times larger than the Hubble's. The
telescope will stay in the same orbit as the space station for long-term independent flight and observations, and
10 (dock) with the space station temporally for supply, maintenance and upgrading, Lin added.
【提高篇】
Half of the 11 farthest known stars in our galaxy that
are located about 300,000 light-years from Earth might
1 (rip) from another galaxy, US researchers said
Wednesday. Researchers at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center
for Astrophysics used computer models 2
(simulate) how the Sagittarius dwarf, one of dozens of
mini-galaxies that surround our galaxy, might move over the past eight billion years, by varying 3(it) initial velocity and angle of approach to the Milky Way. The study showed the Sagittarius dwarf started with
a 4 (weigh) of about 10 billion times the mass of our Sun, or about one percent of the Milky Way's
mass.
However, over the age of the universe, it made several loops around our galaxy, and on each passage, the
Milky Way's gravitational tides tugged on the smaller galaxy, 5 (pull) it apart like taffy. "Five of the
11 most distant stars in our galaxy have positions and velocities that match 6 you would expect of
stars stripped from the Sagittarius dwarf," they said in 7 statement. "The other six do not appear to
be from Sagittarius, but might have been removed from a different dwarf galaxy." Overall, the hapless dwarf might
have lost about a third of its stars and a full nine-tenths of its dark matter.
This resulted 8 three distinct streams of stars that reach as far as one million light-years from
the Milky Way's center. Mapping projects like the Sloan Digital Sky Survey have charted one of the three streams
9 (predict) by these simulations, but not to the full extent that the models suggest, the researchers said.
Future instruments like the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, which will detect much fainter stars across the sky,
should be able to identify the other streams, they added. "The star streams 1 0 have been mapped so
far are like creeks compared to the giant river of stars we predict will be observed eventually," said lead author
Marion Dierickx of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. "More interlopers from Sagittarius are out
there just waiting to be found."
【专项微练：连词】
1．I set my own pace, ________ I decided to take my time. （用适当的词填空）
2．Breakthrough ________ Xenobots are, concerns have been raised. （用适当的词填空）
3．Materials can be good for the environment either because they are renewable resources ________ because they
are all natural. （用适当的词填空）
4．Ariana was leaving the dorm ________ she realized she forgot something important. （用适当的词填空）
5．Richard traveled in disguise ________ was recognized and caught before reaching Vienna. （用适当的词填
空）
6．If you are walking down the mountain in the dark, however, you should always have headlamps with you,
________ it will become too dangerous. （用适当的词填空）7．Not only does the movie give us joy, ________ it also makes us believe that if we love our family, we can be
brave and powerful. (用适当的词填空)
8．On the day of Grain Rain, people in southern China drink tea, ________ those in northern China eat the
vegetable Toona sinensis. （用适当的词填空）
9．Money is necessary for a happy life, ________ it can’t buy happiness. （用适当的词填空）
10．During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ________ arranged the residential areas
according to social classes. （用适当的词填空）
【真题精选】
（2023·江西·校联考模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has been pushing space exploration boundaries on its own over the past three decades. It embarked on
(开始)a “three-step” strategy ____11____ (boost) its human space program in 1992 when ____12____ (construct) a
manned orbiting laboratory was still a flight of fancy for the Chinese people.
The first step was to send astronauts into space ____13____ ensure their safe return. The second step was to
develop advanced space flight techniques and technologies, ____14____ included extravehicular(舱外的)activity
and orbital docking(轨道对接).The ____15____ (three) step was to assemble and operate a permanent manned
space station.
In April 2021, the country ____16____ (official) kicked off the in-orbit construction of its space station by
launching the core module Tianhe. “In the past 30 years, many technical difficulties ____17____ (overcome), such
as the technologies of shuttling ____18____ space and Earth, extravehicular activity, rendezvous, and docking,”
said Yang Liwei, the country’s first taikonaut in orbit since he ____19____ (enter) space with Shenzhou-5 in
October 2003.
So far, a total of 12 _____20_____ (astronaut) on four missions. Shenzhou-12, Shenzhou-13,
Shenzhou-14,and Shenzhou-15, have participated in the in-orbit construction of the space station.
（2022秋·湖南·高三湖南师大附中校考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内
单词的正确形式。Over the past few years, the interest in exploring Mars has grown, with some important ___21___ (discovery)
about it. They raise further questions about the past atmosphere of Mars and scientists ultimately want to know
whether or not it was ___22___ (suit) for life.
Images taken by the European Space Agency’s Mars Express satellite show the marks that ___23___ ancient
network of rivers left on the ___24___ (planet) surface. The valleys formed as they would on earth, ___25___ a
strong flow of water carving its way through the landscape.
___26___ is less clear is where the water came from. Due to a lack of knowledge about the past climate of
Mars, scientists cannot tell whether it came from melting glaciers (冰川), groundwater ___27___ something
unheard of, though some researchers are doubtful whether liquid water was responsible for the marks ___28___
(see) by the satellite. They say other materials such as sand or dust can flow like a liquid and produce similar
results.
Mars formed more than 4.5 billion years ago and there is no liquid water on the surface of it today. But
scientists generally believe it ___29___ (go) through an early wet and warm era that ended after 1.5 billion to 2.5
billion years, ___30___ (leave) the planet extremely dry and cold.
（2022·安徽合肥·合肥一中三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
式。
Have you ever wondered what happens to all of the old objects launched into space, such as rockets and
satellites? It's called space junk, and much of it is still out there now. One large piece of space junk, ___31___
disused rocket, hit the dark side of the moon on March 4. The rocket's origin is not clear, but scientists know that it
was massive— ___32___ （weigh）about 3 tons.
What is ___33___ （significance）about this space junk crash is that it draws attention to some of the
potential ___34___ （danger）of space junk. First, the accumulation of space junk in Earth's orbit means that
satellites and the International Space Station（ISS）are at risk. In 2016, tiny space debris（残骸）, ___35___
measured smaller than a millimeter, caused a tiny chip in the ISS' window. Imagine the damage that a ___36___
（large）piece of debris could cause. The European Space Agency website states that objects “up to 1 cm in size
could ___37___ （able）an instrument or a critical flight system on a satellite” while objects over 10cm “could
shatter a satellite or spacecraft into pieces”. In addition to potential damage ___38___ spacecraft and satellites,
space junk also poses a threat to the Earth ___39___ （it）. Crashes can send debris into the atmosphere where it
can remain for many decades. Some powerful collisions can even send large debris hurtling（猛冲）toward Earth'ssurface where it can affect the local environment. Leftover rocket debris can contain toxic materials that ___40___
（be）harmful to plants and animal life. Some people in Siberia have even reported serious health problems after
rocket debris landed in their regions in 2012, a local doctor told the BBC．
