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考点 31 阅读七选五-段尾设空题（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 高考真题考点分布年份 卷别 体裁 词 主题 话题 设题位置 选项特征
数 语境 段 段 段
首 中 尾
新高考全 夹叙夹 人与 使用英语词典的经验、
313 1 4 0 完整句
国I卷 议文 自我 心得与乐趣
新高考全
国** 错 人与 如 何 避 免 “ 过 度 旅
说明文 297 1 3 1 完整句
误的表达 自然 游”
2024 式 **I卷
年 人与
全国甲卷 说明文 313 适度饮食 1 3 1 完整句
自我
人与 “刺猬”型思维方式和
北京卷 说明文 363 1 4 0 完整句
社会 “狐狸”型思维方式
浙江1月 人与
说明文 330 在线学习利弊 1 4 0 完整句
卷 社会
新高考全 人与
说明文 321 自我原谅 0 4 1 完整句
国I卷 自我
新高考全
国** 错 人与
说明文 310 开始艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 完整句
误的表达 社会
式 **I卷
2023 人与 残缺句＋
全国乙卷 说明文 335 室内植物的好处 0 3 2
年 自然 完整句
人与 成为更有耐心的人的技 残缺句＋
全国甲卷 说明文 287 1 3 1
自我 巧 完整句
人与
北京卷 说明文 255 如何选择高校的建议 1 3 1 完整句
社会
浙江1月 人与 能使火车旅行更舒适的
说明文 361 1 4 0 完整句
卷 社会 建议
人与 一些外出就餐时要知道 残缺句＋
全国甲卷 说明文 315 1 3 1
2022 社会 的一些重要事情 完整句
年 人与 五种维系异地友谊的方 残缺句＋
全国乙卷 说明文 316 3 1 1
社会 法 完整句新高考全 人与 如何找到一个一起锻炼
说明文 332 0 4 1 完整句
国I卷 社会 的伙伴
新高考全
国** 错 人与
说明文 312 介绍写文章的技巧 1 4 0 完整句
误的表达 社会
式 **I卷
既可以充分利用时间又
浙江卷1 人与
说明文 309 可以快乐放松的有效建 2 2 1 完整句
月 社会
议
浙江卷6 人与 写作都是带有某种目的
说明文 338 1 3 1 完整句
月 社会 的
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
从近三年高考试题对段尾句共考查13次。段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要
么是结论句，要么就是承上启下句。
【备考策略】
1）总结概括句
1. 做题时一要注意设空的前一句或前两三句；
2. 要注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结的词语如thus, therefore, hence, so, as a result, in a word, in
short, to conclude, to sum up等；
2）承上启下(过渡)句
1.在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时要考虑与下一段开头是否有衔接，认真阅读下一段的开头几
句，看是否能紧密联系起来。
2.如果第一段的段尾是空白，往往是和下一段能连贯起来。
3.通常是结论、概括性语句。要注意表示总结的信号词，如therefore, as a result, hence, thus, to sum up, to
conclude, in short, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。
4.与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所 讲内
容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比、转折、排比、并列、递进等关系。根据段落一致性原则，在
原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，
3.【命题预测】
从近三年命题的发展趋势来看，预测2025年高考阅读理解七选五试题仍然以结构鲜明的指导类说明文
为主，段尾句也是考查重点。【必备基础知识】
七选五阅读文章体裁以说明文、记叙文为主。语篇模式也较为固定：依次是提出问题、分析问题、最
后是提供解决方案；题目的位置也很固定：有首句、句中、末句与独立成段四种情形；题型的正确选
项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意
义）三类。
若问题在段尾，通常是结论、概括性语句。也可以是承上启下（过渡）句子。
01 段尾句考查总结概括句
要注意表示结尾总结的词。
表概况归纳关系有：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in
a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。
【2024全国甲卷】What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body
needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying
goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just
something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body
that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to
mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if
you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
.
A Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
（2024·河南·三模）Being a plastic-free gardener is an important step for having an eco-conscious garden.
Here’s how to garden by using alternatives to plastic plant pots.
Lots of pots
1 . Most are made of plastic, and come in a variety of colours. None of these plastics are readily
recyclable. Half a billion plastic pots ended up in landfill or being burned each year.Plastic-free plant pot alternatives
The great news is that, the choice of alternative plastic-free pots is fantastic. 2 .
Ceramic (陶瓷) pots
Though expensive, when it comes to plant pots, there is not much that compares to the appeal of hand-made
ceramic pots. Ceramic pots are made from the firing of clay. 3 . Therefore, if collected steadily over the
years, they become the backbone of any working garden, offering a ready pot for a month or two of growing on;a
permanent home for repeat-flowering flowers lasting for seasons; or a decorative feature for a greenhouse.
Wool pots
Made from raw washed wool pots, these cute little pots are a very attractive natural alternative to plastic. 4
, but they also make a perfect pot for decorative plants that will sit in a striking position while they are growing
larger — a great talking point for plastic-free gardening.
Hemp (麻) pots
Hemp pots are a great alternative to the plastic pots used to grow tomato and potato plants. 5 .
They come in a range of sizes, from around five to forty litres (公升). Hemp pots develop from a sustainable
source, are fully broken down and can be reused for several seasons.
A．They are durable
B．Limit the use of plastic in the garden
C．Wool pots can be used to start young plants
D．They are a replacement for those with limited growing space
E．Many gardeners have a collection of plastic plant pots over the years
F．Many of the pots in which plants were sold at the time were recyclable
G．In addition to fabric, there is also wood, cardboard, bamboo, rubber, and even wool
02 段尾句考查补充信息句
是对前文内容进行补充说明,这时要选择补充性的语句。
【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and
communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___
Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making
wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online
posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape,
culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___
A. Visit during off-peak times.B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
（2024·广东深圳·模拟预测）Spreading kindness not only helps others feel better about themselves but
also boosts the giver’s health and happiness, according to a study. 1 .
Giving seems to lower our blood pressure.
2 . One study asked a group of hypertensive (高血压的) people to spend $40 on themselves, while
another group of people with high blood pressure were told to spend the money on others. They found that
spending money on others had reduced their blood pressure at the end of the six-week study
3 .
A recent study found that people who said they would donate money to help orphans were less sensitive to
an electric shock than those who declined to give. According to the study, regions of the brain that react to painful
stimulation appear to be instantly out of operation by the experience of giving.
Being kind seems to boost happiness.
Another study assigned people to three groups: the first group had to do an act of kindness each day; the
second group tried a new activity each day; and the third group did nothing. The first two groups saw a significant
boost in happiness. 4 , if you’re creative with your acts of kindness, than those who performed the same
activity over and over again.
“When doing an act of kindness, you’re making the world a better place,” said the Random Acts of Kindness
foundation, which promotes kindness all year. 5 .
A．It’s a win-win for all
B．Giving seems to lessen our pain
C．You’ll experience even greater joy
D．But consider being kind to yourself
E．Being kind seems to contribute to our sense of community
F．Giving donations to others has been shown to have that effect
G．However, any kindness you give to others is also a gift to yourself
03 段尾句考查承上启下(过渡)句
段落间的过渡句,首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词,再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案的选择。【2024浙江1月卷】In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and
college experience. ___16___ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is
right for you? ___17___
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
（2024·辽宁沈阳·三模）With summer fast approaching, it’s time to book your trips. 36 Here is
something we can do to avoid them.
Fail to disclose pre-existing medical conditions. It’s crucial that you tell your insurance provider about any
medical conditions you have. 37 If you fail to disclose the problems, you won’t be covered for any issues
related to the condition while you’re on holiday. If you’re not sure if you need to mention a medical condition you
have, it’s worth asking your insurance provider.
Don’t let your insurance provider know if there are any changes to your pre-existing medical conditions. To
make sure you’re not out of pocket during your holiday, you need to inform your insurance provider of any
developments in your medical history. 38 If anything changes in health, let your insurer know as soon as
possible to avoid any complications.
39 A good rule of thumb is to organize your travel insurance at the same time you book your
holiday. Travel insurance covers you for your holiday as well as the period leading up to it. By booking your
insurance at the same time as the holiday itself, you’ll be covered if anything changes, or you need to cancel your
trip. Make sure you organize insurance well in advance.
Get your details wrong when booking travel insurance. Make sure to check your details carefully. You won’t
be covered if you’ve given your insurer the wrong information. Double-check everything you’ve entered before
finalizing your travel insurance. 40
Make sure you compare key features and benefits of travel insurance policies, and not just the price.
Insurance is vital for your trip, so make sure you take the time to understand what you’re paying for.
A．Leave buying insurance until the last minute.
B．Taking out an annual policy for a long-stay trip.
C．This includes any medical problems you have experienced.
D．Ensure you check your details as soon as you receive your documents.E．Insurers ask for medical changes in order to give you the right level of cover.
F．Make sure you have travel insurance and cards to avoid any unexpected payments.
G．However, there are several travel insurance mistakes to stop you from getting a payout.
04考查半句话类选项
1. 根据空格前后的逗号，可以判断是半句话类型的题型。
2. 判斷选项中哪些是半句话，缩小选择范围，它可以是从句、非谓语短语、介词短语等结构。
3. 根据空格前后内容确定答案。
【2023年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they
are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing
by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to
look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these
species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
（2024·江苏南京·模拟预测）On a beautiful Saturday morning, I went for a run in the park. I got to about a
mile and a half, through rose gardens and around trees. 1 . The next thing I remember was two worried
faces looking down at me.
They were calling an ambulance, while a black Labrador was licking my face! I felt pain in my back. Later, I
learnt the dog chasing a squirrel ran straight into me. I was thrown into the air and landed on my back. My usual
run had turned into a trip to a nearby hospital. Luckily, aside from minor injuries, I was OK. 2 : what if it
had been a car? How can we ever see these things coming?
The truth is that sometimes, life really is out of our control. Then what do we do when it does? First, do a
gratitude stocktake (盘点): my friend Denise, would look after my son Jett; gratitude that it was a dog, not a car,and I lived to tell the tale.
The next, who and what measures up? These uncontrollable moments in life are also the times when you find
the greatest clarity. 3 .The ones that make the effort: show up; come round; be there.
4 see it as an opportunity to step back and reassess. Is your time and love focused on the things that
truly matter? Are there conversations left unsaid? What do you want to do differently? If it all ended tomorrow,
would your life have been well lived? I hope so. 5 !
A．But it crossed my mind
B．Unless misfortune falls upon you
C．Then I‘m not entirely sure what happened
D．You see the people who are really there for you
E．When the breath is literally knocked out of you
F．I didn’t expect a Labrador would transform my life
G．If not, it’s time to start living and watching out for dogs
（最新模拟试题演练）
Passage 1
（2024·吉林长春·模拟预测）Many people desire stronger, more authentic friendships as an adult. 6
. How do you skip the awkward chit-chat phase and hit the fast-forward button on a potential friendship? I’ve
learned a few things.
Give yourself permission to bore people
We all know the safe topics to broach when you first meet someone. But this tendency to play it safe can
delay knowing whether you are compatible with a potential friend. 7 . “What do you think is the best
television finale of all time?” This is a great conversation starter as long as it interests you. And if the other person
slowly backs away, then you’ve just saved yourself hours of chatting.
8
Often our friendships feel superficial because they are built on a foundation of gossip. This is because it’s
human nature to focus on a third person when we are anxious. We share spicy updates about former classmates with
our high school friends, or grab a drink with colleagues and complain about the boss. But a friendship built on
gossip can leave both people feeling exhausted and depressed after they hang out.
If a friend starts to give you updates on other people you know, it can be helpful to say, “I want to hear about
what’s going on with you.” Or you can ask yourself, “What would I share about myself if I were with my best
friend right now?” 9
Be curious about who people are, and who they want to be10 . They are also able to share their struggles without fear of judgment. A great way to deepen a
friendship is to ask someone, “What has been challenging for you the last year?” Or “What’s a belief you have that
has changed over the course of your life?” These are questions we rarely ask each other, but they reveal so much
about who we are, and who we’re trying to be.
A．Focus on the gossip
B．Cut back on the gossip
C．Then jump to the heart of things
D．Rather than sticking with superficial chatter, go straight to what excites you
E．True friends strive to know each other’s thinking about difficult subjects
F．But the process of building these relationships can prove slow and frustrating
G．Ask yourself what’s worth sharing about yourself and knowing about others
Passage 2
（2024·河南·二模）We all know someone who seems unable to control their spending or make good
financial decisions. When that person is someone you care about, it’s understandable to want to help them better
manage their money. 11 If you feel a little out of your depth, let’s take a look at some ways to help out a
loved one who isn’t great with their money, without making anyone uncomfortable.
Listen without judgment. 12 Rather than coming at someone with criticism or lecturing, try having
an open conversation to better understand their underlying feelings and perceptions about money so you can
determine the best ways to help.
Help them set financial goals. Ask how they would like their financial situation to be different in an ideal
world. 13 Write these down and determine what initial steps they can take to start working towards these
goals. Offer to periodically review progress without judgment. Remember that you’re not their financial advisor,
but an accountability buddy.
14 Provide tools that help build financial literacy at their own pace. There are plenty of trusty apps
that can give your finances a boost. Other resources could include books, articles, budgeting apps, online courses,
or even offering to meet with a financial advisor together to discuss developing better money management habits.
The most constructive thing you can do is help the person build discipline and skills slowly through
sympathetic support. At the same time，protect your own peace by setting financial boundaries for yourself. Avoid
criticism or control, and focus on boosting confidence along their journey towards good money management. 15
A．Give encouragement.
B．Share educational resources.
C．Why should they take steps to set financial goals?
D．What specific goals and time frames can you set together?
E．However，simply telling them to manage their money carefully is ineffective.
F．When it comes to anything money-related, tough love is rarely the way to go.
G．With these help，almost anyone can become better at managing money over time.Passage 3
（2024·河南郑州·三模）Several years ago, I experienced daily severe headaches that made me want to
bang my head against a brick wall. I was desperate to find a cure. 16
In my hopelessness, my father suggested acupuncture (针灸), a treatment he had experienced in Hong Kong.
It had successfully relieved his lower back pain when other treatments and medicines had failed. With limited
exposure to traditional Chinese medicine, I decided to give acupuncture a try.
With no particular expectations, I found myself in the office of a middle-aged woman, surrounded by
Chinese herbal medicines. After explaining my issue, she placed 3 fingers on my wrist to feel my heartbeat. 17
Soon, she took out the needles, which made me somewhat uneasy as such objects typically make me
uncomfortable.
18 To deal with my headaches, the treatment began on the back of my hand, far from my head. As the
doctor gently handled the needles, I got the feeling that something was flowing throughout my entire body.
The doctor then continued to tap and move more needles across my body. The electricity was turned on, and
the doctor left the room. 19 Around the 5-minute mark, the doctor returned and adjusted the electricity
level. A moment later, before I knew it, she turned off the electricity and removed the needles, marking an end to
the 20-minute process. She then gave me some herbal medicine to take for 5 days.
I returned to the doctor for a total of 10 sessions, and each time the same routine was repeated and the same
herbal medicine was given. The true benefits of the acupuncture treatment became clear: I remained free of
headaches for 2 years. 20 If you’ve experienced similar conditions, I highly recommend trying it.
A．At last, my efforts paid off.
B．I now strongly advocate acupuncture.
C．I was then guided to a room and told to lie down.
D．Despite trying different solutions, nothing worked.
E．My initial experience with acupuncture was quite surprising.
F．Though it may seem scary, the acupuncture cured my back pain.
G．Lying still, I could sense the electricity flowing throughout my body.
Passage 4
（2024·江西·二模）We often see that some of our friends always appear relaxed. 21 This is
because they are better organized than us. If we want to lead a well-organized life, some habits have to be
cultivated purposefully.
A place for everything and everything in its place
When we are lazy or in a hurry, we keep our things in the wrong place. 22 To lead an organized
life, we should make sure to put things back in their proper place.
Avoid multitasking
When we are trying to do more than one thing at a time, we cannot concentrate on our work properly,
resulting in poor performance. 23 For example, while doing our homework, if we keep our mobile phone
within our reach and keep on replying to friends’ messages, our quality of work will suffer.Plan ahead
Planning ahead is an important characteristic of an organized personality. But we should be realistic in our
plans. 24 Practically, planning our daily, weekly and even monthly goals and trying our best to achieve
them will make life more organized and tasks more manageable for us.
Value your time
Another key to leading a well-organized life is to manage your time in the most fruitful way. Giving in to
temptation usually results in wasted hours which we regret later on. The famous columnist Harvey MacKay said,
”Time is free, but it’s priceless. 25 “
A．Then we have to waste lots of precious time and energy searching for them.
B．They are not nervous during examinations and seem to enjoy life better than us.
C．Once you’ve lost it, you can never get it back.
D．The fewer things we have, the easier it will be to manage them.
E．They follow some rules which lead to a more successful life.
F．There are times when we find a big part of what we aimed to do is left undone.
G．We should be clear about what has to be done and what is just wasting time.
Passage 5
（2024·河南·模拟预测）We often hear very bad statistics about the destruction of the Amazon. 26
One Amazonian Indian tribe (部落) every year has disappeared since 1900. Unless something is done to prevent it,
the Amazon will be totally destroyed in fifty years’ time.
27 Although it is being destroyed by big farmers and logging (伐木) companies, the biggest cause
of its destruction is the cutting down of trees by thousands of small-scale farmers. 28 They cut down
trees of the rainforest to grow crops to make money. The soil of the Amazon is perfect for plants as long as there are
trees. It is the trees that recycle the nutrients that make the Amazon suitable for growing food. When the farmers cut
down the trees, the soil can only support crops for one or two years. 29
Logging is the second biggest cause of the destruction of the rainforest. A lot of the trees are taken for
firewood, charcoal, or for making furniture. Not only are these trees destroyed, but the trees around them are also
destroyed to make way for the roads and tracks needed to take the wood away. Large areas of forest have also been
cut down to free land for cattle farming. 30 And the ranchers (牧场主) move on. More trees will be sure
to disappear because of their cattle.
Most of the rainforest lies within Brazil. Fortunately, it is beginning to bring more laws to protect its
rainforest.
A．Again the land cannot support them for long.
B．So they have to move on, and cut down more trees.
C．The problem involves organizations and governments.
D．The trees are often considered important to big farmers.
E．Poverty forces people to leave the cities and look for land.
F．An area of rainforest, the size of Belgium, is cut down annually.G．The true key factors causing damage to the rainforest is not as you imagine.
Passage 6
（2024·四川德阳·模拟预测）How to make a vision board
We all have hopes and dreams, and each person tries to achieve them in their own way. Some may start
journaling, while others have different methods. This could include creating a vision board. Here is what you need
to know about vision boards and how to make your own.
A vision board is a collection of images and quotes that symbolize someone’s dreams, aspirations and ideals.
This could include a landscape of the city you want to live in or the model of a new car you really want to buy.
31 A vision board can suit to a specific goal, such as getting a dream job, or they can overview a series of
things you’re aiming for, including having good finances and a healthy relationship.
Vision boards can be made in many ways. There is no right or wrong choice to start visualizing your goals.
32 It could be the European summer trip you’ve always dreamed of or it may be taking control of your life’s
situation. You may also choose to set a timeline for yourself to further visualize your ambitions.
33 Vision boards can be done digitally or physically. For a digital vision board, you can create it on
PowerPoint, Google Slides or websites. On a blank template (模版), begin to add photos, quotes and words that
will inspire you to reach your goal. For example, if you want to travel more, find images of the locations. If you
want to improve your self-confidence, include encouraging quotes.
The same advice goes if you’re making a physical vision board. For this, you want to get a poster, picture
frame or any kind of base. Similar to the other, you want to set a goal and gather materials. In this case, you’ll need
to print out images and quotes first. You may also choose to write words of affirmation or include your own photos.
34
No matter what format you use, be sure to put your vision board somewhere you can see it, such as on your
desk or as your phone background. 35 It is important to remember while vision boards are fun, do not
hold yourself to an unrealistic standard of success. When you do have triumphs, they may not look exactly how you
planned them.
A．The best place to start, however, is to set your ambitions.
B．Then make your picture by gluing or taping the materials on the base.
C．Vision boards are only for achieving short-term goals, not long-term ambitions.
D．Once you narrow down what you want to achieve, it’s time to pick your format.
E．Creating a vision board requires expensive materials and professional assistance.
F．These photos and words are meant to inspire and motivate you to achieve these goals.
G．The more you see your visualized goals, the more likely you may be to work toward them.
Passage 7
（2024·广东梅州·模拟预测）One of Pulitzer Prize-winning journalists Charles Duhigg published a new
book, in which he concluded common characteristics of “supercommunicators”— people who are consistently able
to create authentic connections with others just by listening and talking. 6 Here is a set of skillsrecommended by Duhigg that can help you.
7 If you are having a practical conversation, be ready to give good advice. If you are engaging in
emotional discussions seeking empathy, you may show your support by being a good listener. If you’re in a social
dialogue reflecting how we see others and how other people see us, be mindful of the different perspectives each
person brings to the table and seek common ground.
Prove we’re listening. There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening, like making eye contact or
nodding intently. But proving to someone that you’re listening is the quickest road to making someone feel heard.
8 Next, repeat back in your own words what they just told you. Lastly, ask your conversation partner if you got
what they said correct.
Ask the right questions. Ask follow-up questions that signal to the other person that you’re interested in the
conversation, like “So did you make it on time?” or “What happened next?” Ask questions like people’s values,
beliefs or experiences and spark an opportunity for emotional connection. 9 When in doubt, just ask
“why.’ People love to talk about how they see the world.
Aim to understand. The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone, convince someone or wait for their
turn to speak. It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share your own views accordingly. If
people know you want to understand them, they’re going to want to understand you. 1 0
A．Realize what are the real questions.
B．Do you want to be a supercommunicator?
C．These deep questions get people to open up.
D．It is not that easy to be a supercommunicators.
E．Know what kind of conversation you’re having.
F．That is actually the most magical thing that can happen.
G．Ask someone a question first and then listen to their response.
Passage 8
（2024·安徽黄山·二模）At first glance, it seems to be Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer’s masterpiece Girl
with a Pearl Earring. 1 Wearing two glowing earrings, there’s a slightly inhuman shade of red on the
girl’s face.
Look strange? 2 Chosen from 3,482 submitted images based on the Vermeer masterpiece, the Al-
generated work was displayed at the Mauritshuis Museum in the Netherlands in March. The designer looked on the
experience of literally replacing the famous painting by one of his AI images crazy and completely surreal.
3 Though Mauritshuis press officer Boris de Munnick insisted that it was a nice picture and a
creative process, many people questioned whether it could be called art and if it was qualified to be shown in the
museum gallery. 4 It was regarded as a disrespect for the masterpiece of Vermeer and also for any
working artist.
In fact, this is not the first time that people have debated AI’s role in creativity. 5 But the technology has
now become widely available for regular everyday use and the practice of using AI image generators to make art
has become more common.A．Coming from a museum, it’s really embarrassing.
B．However, the AI image raised a fierce argument.
C．But look more closely and you may find something different about it.
D．One common concern is whether AI-generated works break copyright laws.
E．Dutch artist Iris Compiet described the image on display as almost Frankenstein-ish.
F．It’s actually an image made by Berlin-based designer Julian van Dieken using artificial intelligence.
G．The emergence of such AI works is believed by many to weaken the enthusiasm of artists with creative skills.
Passage 9
（2024·吉林·模拟预测）Colour Of The Season: Sky Blue
Bring the outdoors into your home this year with the colour of the season: sky blue. This timeless hue (色彩)
works well throughout the home, whether it’s to lighten up a hallway or add a sense of calm to a bedroom.
6 . From wall paint to furniture, cushions, and bedding, people are fully embracing this colour trend.
John Lewis has reported online searches for “sky blue” are up 137 percent compared to this time last year, with
blue furnishings proving to be popular buys. 7
Big on blue, colour specialist Melanie Archer shares her interiors (室内装饰) expertise, from why we should
adopt the blue trend to how we can easily integrate it into our home.
Blue is a brilliant interior colour; it comes in a wide range of shades and works well layered into existing
schemes to give a fresh, new feel. 8 but works with traditional styling too.
As the colour blue has a connection to nature, it works well in a hallway, linking outdoor and indoor spaces.
9 , for it’s a peaceful and friendly color. Blue is also a great colour for a living room and kitchen. Paler shades
work well for opening up the space, creating a clean and fresh atmosphere, while darker shades can add drama and
impact. 10 . It is known that they can assist in lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Think blue and think
of the ocean, so it is a wonderful choice for a bathroom to create a relaxing spa-like look and feel.
Uplifting and calming, lighten your home with this beautiful shade.
A．It is perfect to welcome your guests
B．It’s a colour that feels modern and fresh
C．Blue pairs well with a variety of building materials
D．Additionally, pale shades are particularly effective in bedrooms
E．There’s no surprise then, that it’s seen massive popularity lately
F．He has introduced a family of blues this season
G．Adding touches of warmth will make your space feel welcoming to the eye
Passage 10
（2024·安徽·三模）In today’s world of digital distractions (分心物), the thought of taking your kids to an
art gallery might seem a thankless and impossible challenge. Surely a child won’t have the patience to stare at
something for long. 1 .
Being exposed to art, however, holds profound significance for the development of young minds, bothintellectually and emotionally. 2 . Each painting, sculpture, or photograph in art galleries tells a story,
inviting young viewers to interpret and connect with it on a personal level.
But with many kids being extremely picky eaters, and galleries seeming as appetizing as yesterday’s
porridge, how can we get them to tuck (狂吃) in? 3 . I firmly believe art galleries can be great fun if we
set out with the intention of making them so.
First, why not let your children enjoy art on their own terms? Who said that walking around a gallery had to
be slow, stopping to look at every picture? 4 . If they want to head straight for a certain display, let them.
If something catches their eye on the other side of the room, that’s absolutely fine.
5 . What really matters in a gallery is that children build a connection with art, for whatever reason.
To encourage this, you can make it into a game, either with or without a reward, with simple questions like, “Who
can guess the artist?” I did this many times with my children and always found it to enhance their interest.
A．Let them determine the pace
B．Make the art gallery fit in with your kids
C．Turning art into a game is another trick
D．The answer is to approach them with fresh eyes
E．It is a crying shame that they are least-visited attractions
F．It allows children opportunities to engage in diverse perspectives and cultures
G．It’s understandable to think of art galleries as anything but child-friendly places
2024年
Passage 1
【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a
perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does
not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my
laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but
I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise
Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words
whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a
bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000
words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a
word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the
English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating onedefinition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding
experience.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
Passage 2
【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help?
Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and
communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. ___16___
Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making
wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online
posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape,
culture or food deeply draws you. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though
overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of
extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ___18___ Why not try a
regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll
compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy
when tourism is traditionally slower.
Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege(荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination
special in the first place. ___20___ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling?
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then?
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.
Passage 3
【2024全国甲卷】What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your bodyneeds. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying
goodbye to the foods you love.
Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just
something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body
that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full.
Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to
mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if
you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____
Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant
emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can
regain control over the food you eat and your feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals
keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until
breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive
system a long break each day may help to regulate weight.
.
A Eat properly throughout the day.
B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger.
C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work.
D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat.
E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.
F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.
G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan.
Passage 4
【2024北京卷】If you want to develop maximum credibility (可信性), is it better to be a hedgehog (刺猬) or
a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things.
Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. ___35___ And
they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the “hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that
lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at.
___36___ The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies.
___37___ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make
predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but
that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions.
The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of
sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information. ___38___ They try to include it in their
viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and
don’t know.
So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style. ___39___ The choice betweenbeing a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare
mixture known as foxy hedgehog.
A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each.
B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes.
C. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.
D. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.
E. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs.
F. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.
G. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.
Passage 4
【2024浙江1月卷】In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and
college experience. ___16___ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is
right for you? ___17___
We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses, The most obvious advantage
of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___18___ “I think a point that many people lose
sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to
study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep
you going.
The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you
would do with in person courses. ___19___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It
is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch
your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.
___20___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this
problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate
each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or
schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts.
A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B. Your motivation should be your main concern.
C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?
D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.
E. The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?
G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
2023年
Passage 1
【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Personal ForgivenessTaking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is
human. ____16____ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this.
In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” ____17____ Are you caring?
Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your
personality that you’re proud of.
At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness.” On this one, list all the positive things you’ve
done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing
without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. ____18____
You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. ____19____ That way, you could exchange
thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t
wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time.
It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The
thing is, it’s true. ____20____ We’ re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to
develop and grow.
A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way.
B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.
C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise.
D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.
E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it.
F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality.
Passage 2
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious
followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what
it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.
·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration
and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. ___16___ You’ll want to look back on your
journey to see how far you’ve come.
·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether
you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. ___17___
·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. ___18___ Artistic growth can be a bit painful.
Welcome to the club；we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a
painting every day for a month and post the works online.
·___19___ Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social
media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my
level of artistic ability.
The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. ___20___ Push through, give it time and put in the effort.
You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life..
A Get out of your comfort zone.
B. Make career plans and set goals.
C. Don’t throw away your beginner art.
D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so.
E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times.
F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
Passage 3
【2023年全国乙卷】Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they
are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing
by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to
look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these
species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____.
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months,
plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants
can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around
them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or
cooking. ____19____.
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy
plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and
you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says.
“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A. All plants are different
B. Not only do they look beautiful
C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer
E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best
F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
Passage 4
【2023年全国甲卷】Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person
Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There
is one answer. ___16___.In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However,
research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.
___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.
● Make yourself wait
Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research
suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit
of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra
minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply
it to other, more annoying situations.
● ___19___.
So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we
experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to
say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient.
A. Find your causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncomfortable
D. All this adds up to a state of hurry
E. It can also help us practice more patience
F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable
G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience
Passage 5
【2023年北京卷】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families
as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a
decision. ____35____
When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not
counted in rankings. ____36____
Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching
than courses in higher-ranked universities. ____37____ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is
surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most
important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes.
Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education.
Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding.
____38____ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the
result？ Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates.
____39____ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with
more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rankschools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission.
What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-
quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower.
A. Higher education has achieved its true potential.
B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.
C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor.
D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.
E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.
F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.
G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors.
Passage6
【2023年浙江1月卷】With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not
book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is
some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.
Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.
36 But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all
the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you
discounted tickets. 37 Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a
day for your meals.
Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your
trip is an overnight one. 38 In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.
Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can
be a disaster. 39 Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.
Have fun. 40 Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside
the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600(the number of seconds in an hour)by the number of
seconds it takes you to travel one mile(the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel
one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph.
A．Train trips aren’t for impatient types.
B．You’ll have views from both sides of the train.
C．The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.
D．That’s particularly true during busy summer months.
E．You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.
F．Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.
G．He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.
2022年阅读理解七选五(说明文)Passage1
【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your
Workout Partner.” One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym, ”
while another read: “___16___” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle
(微妙) competition.
So, how do you find a workout partner?
First of all, decide what you want from that person. ___17___ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to
move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.
You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably won’t result in a
useful response. ___18___ If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym.
My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training
she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It
also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number. ___19___
You and your partner will probably have different skills. ___20___ Over time, both of you will benefit —
your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your
relationship is that you will always be there to help each other.
A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by.
C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else.
D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport?
E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice?
F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other.
G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.
Passage2
【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process
can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques.
___16___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write
nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___17___ Don’t
worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a
good store of ideas to draw on.
The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___18___ Yet, by
learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄
皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete
highway.
The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.
___19___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing
revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you canenter your changes into your word processor. ___20___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise.
A. Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C. The second draft of the essay should be better.
D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.
E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
Passage3
【2022年全国乙卷】Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to
sustain (保持) long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one
another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___.
·More isn’t always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted
and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication,
such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy (共情)
___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the
friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel
abandoned.
· ___19___
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might
make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that
keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don’t rely on technology alone
___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.
Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever
possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
Passage4【2022年全国甲卷】Important Things to Know When Dining Out
Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing
some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the
world.
Chopstick Rules
The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down
between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you.
___17___ .
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you
to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch
any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons.
Making Requests
___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their
seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.
Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various
countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices.
A. The more friends you make in your lifetime
B. The more time you spend in any given country
C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils
D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate
F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them
G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal
Passage5
【2022 年北京卷】Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various
pressures, we tend to ignore our health. ____35____ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these
diseases.
____36____ We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy we shall naturally be
attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not
have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. ____37____ This does not
definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic
conditions we live in.
It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. ____38____ For instance, we must
exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age
groups and we must do them according to our own health and age.
Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It
helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. ____39____ This, in turn, gives usnew goals of health and fitness.
A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life.
B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.
C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.
D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner.
F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.
G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.
Passage6
【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.
C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
Passage7
【2022年浙江卷1月】I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but 1 have made specific choice that
allow me to make the most of every day and still feel happy and relaxed. 11
Pick the most important.
12 Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. 1 chose the life of an adviser because I like
to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle 1
want.Combine your activities.
Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 13
Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people your work environment. Find
people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业）around the people and
activities you love.
14
You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things
that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to
gain back an hour here or there.
Lighten up.
The world won't come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress
and keep refining （改进）toward a happy productive existence. 15 Every completion is a small victory that
adds up in a big way.
A. Speed up.
B. Be an active learner.
C. Stop trying to balance time between them all.
D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.
E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy.
F Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.
G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.
Passage8
【2022年浙江卷6月】I have a drawer full of letters to Santa. Each year my children would write up their
Christmas wish lists. They were polite requests for the latest game or toy. As the children got older, they would give
Santa some hints(提示)on where to buy their presents. ____11____
Those letters taught my children a valuable lesson about writing: It has a purpose. Sometimes our purpose is to
achieve something;other times it may be to entertain, inform, or persuade. ____12____ And when writing doesn’t
seem to have any purpose or get any kind of meaningful response, then it can be hard to get excited about doing it.
Christmas is a great time of year for children to communicate with others through writing. When children
write for real audiences and real purposes, they can learn to choose their words accordingly. ____13____ You write
“Dear Santa” because you don’t know him personally and you want to show him respect.
____14____ Texting, online messaging, live chats while playing video games all mean that they are constantly
producing written messages. However, because they are usually writing to family and friends, they use informal
language most of the time.
There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done.
____15____ This type of writing won’t be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential
client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience.
A. It isn’t that these young people can’t write.
B. But it is always purposeful-or at least it should be.C. The age of pen-and-paper letter writing may have passed.
D. As a result, each year they received something they wanted.
E. You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them.
F. As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have.
G. But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems.
2021年阅读理解七选五(说明文)
Passage1
【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which
you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate
the benefits of being able to read more quickly. ____16____
·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and
the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. ____17____
____18____ Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide
whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save
you quite a lot of time in the long run.
If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. ____19____ A
history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific
subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.
Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. ____20____Note also the facts important for your purpose as
well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to
put the page number and one or two words as a reminder .
A. Stop to have a rest now and then.
B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book.
C. This depends on the type of book you are reading.
D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.
E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance.
F. You may find yourself having to leam something by heart.
G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.
Passage2
【2021年全国甲卷】Swap, Don’t shop!
You keep hearing about recycling, right? But it doesn't end with bottles, cans, and paper. Clothing takes a huge
amount of natural resources（资源）to make, and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is
not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-them
clothes piled on your bedroom floor? ____16____. It's the best way to get rid of your used clothes, score clothes
from your friends, and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how
much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. ____17____ , and there may not be enough things to
choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.
●____18____. They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their "new" clothes home.
●Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.____19____. Place a few mirrors around
your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be
that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
●Set a starting time. Maybe you say “go,” or turn on a certain song, or whatever. ____20____. And don't
forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember, it's a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
.
F Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
Passage3
【2021年全国乙卷】According to Jessica Hagy, author of How to Be Interesting, it’s not difficult to make
yourself interesting at a dinner party.
___36___, if you’re out of your comfort zone or if you’re wandering into somebody’s house for the first time.
So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than “What do
you do for a living?”, you’ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you’re talking
to. ___37___, it can bring in “I have this old, broken-down vehicle” or “I rode the bus with these crazy people who
were laughing at silly jokes in the back.” It just opens up conversation.
___38___? If you can’t take their wine away, you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）.
If you’re the host, you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the
situation.___39___.
And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a
dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）.
___40___. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.”
So being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
C. If you ask the question “How did you get here?”
D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who had too much to drink or won’t stop talking
G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the mostPassage4
【2021年北京卷】Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people．
____35____ The mental health benefits from music can't be argued．Music could also be helping you with many
other health problems behind the scenes．
____36____However，for the same reason，music can be very beneficial if one is in pain．By distracting
（分心） the mind from the pain，music，people say，can lower stress and anxiety levels．This，of course，
can lead to less pain．
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed．____37____While the validity of the
idea is still being assessed，the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure．Similarly, according to
researchers，listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels，
through the lowering of stress and anxiety．
When it comes to heart health，there is speculation （推测） that it's not the style of music， but rather the
tempo that makes it so good for your heart health．In one European study，participants listened to music as the
researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure．____38____ On the other hand，when the music
slowed，the participants' stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow
suit．
____39____But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for，
which is what makes music so valuable．
A. This feeling can also result in many other health problems．
B. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud．
C. This idea is a little off-the-wall but still has scientific backing．
D. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep．
E. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive．
F. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety．
G. Interestingly，the more cheerful the music was，the faster their heart rates were．
Passage5
【2021年浙江卷1月】You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need,
head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest.
You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to
the parking lot. 11 ．
It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.
Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum
delay. 12 ． Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an
entire line.
If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the
probability: 13 ． So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.
Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line-called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. 14 ． This is what they
do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish
the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall.
15 ． It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or
manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.
A．Why does this always seem to happen to you?
B．So why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?
C．Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.
D．The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.
E.How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?
F.With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.
G.But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.
