文档内容
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
Section B（3a-SelfCheck)
1. 学生通过老师写作方法的指导，掌握以人物思想、情绪和行为为线索的记叙文写作方法。
2. 学生通过谈论自己童年时期以来最喜欢的东西，把握赠送礼物的尺度，感恩生活所有的赠予。
(1) Chunks（词块）
名词词块: ①sight spots, ②sweet memories, ③a happy childhood,
动词词块：①make...happy, ②bring back, ③remind ... of..., ④fall in love with
形容词词块: ①crowded, ②polite, ③friendly, ④tasty/delicious,
介词词块：①in order to ②among them, ③thanks to
(2).Patterns（句型）
1).My favorite thing(from childhood)is...
2).I’ve had for/since...
3).I like...so much because...
4).It’s special to me because...
5)....has given me many memories
(3) Extensive languages（拓展性语言）
Gifts express warmest and best mind between people. 礼物表达了人与人之间最温馨最美好的心意。
Beautify languages（美言美句）
His hometown is still the place that holds all his childhood memories .
他的家乡依然是个承载他所有童年记忆的地方。
1.To learn to write a passage to introduce your favorite thing.
2.To practice the use of the present perfect tense with for and since.
Writing
写作目标
本单元的主题是庭院售卖活动及家乡的变化。让学生通过售卖的物品所带来的回忆，运用现在完成时来谈论物品，亲身感受不同的生活经历。
写作指导
能用现在完成时介绍某人拥有的物品，并分享其背后的特殊意义。
1. 能用现在完成时“have done”的结构来介绍某人拥有的物品；
2. 能在现在完成时中准确区分和使用since和for
“三步法”介绍某地的文章：
◆第一步：整体介绍你最喜欢的东西是什么；
◆第二步：学出你喜欢的原因；
◆ 第三步：总结。
常用句型
1. Our hometown has left many soft and sweet memories in our hearts.
2. It’s been around for at least 20 years.
3. My favorite thing from childhood is…
4. I like…so much because…
5. I’ve had it for/since…
例文：
美丽中国，美丽长江。黄冈是长江边一座美丽的城市。假如你是黄冈某中学的一名中学生李明，请你以
“美丽的黄冈”为话題，向你的英国笔友Tom介绍一下你美丽的家乡——黄冈。
要点提示：1. 黄冈位于长江之边，大别山之南；
2. 黄冈历史悠久，名人辈出；
3. 黄冈风景迷人，乡村秀美；
4. 人人参与，从小事做起，黄冈人正在努力地保护黄冈的自然环境；
5. 邀请Tom来中国，欣赏黄冈更美好的绿水青山、蓝天白云。
写作要求：1. 词数90左右(短文的开头已经给出，不计入总词数)；
2. 根据要点提示，可以适当发挥；
3. 短文中不得出现真实的姓名及校名。
参考词汇:lie(位于); Dabie mountains; plant; clean up; clear river and green mountains
Dear Tom,
Thanks for your last letter. You asked me about my hometown, now let me tell you. ____________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!Yours,
Li Ming
【思路导航】
【佳作展示】
Dear Tom,
Thanks for your last letter. You asked me about my hometown, now let me tell you.
My hometown is Huanggang. It lies by the Yangtze River and at the southern foot of Dabie Mountains.
It's a beautiful city with a long history. A number of famous people come from our city, such as Li siguang, Li
shizhen, Wen Yiduo and so on. There are lots of beautiful mountains, rivers and lakes. They are so fascinating that
thousands of tourists come to visit Huanggang every year. You can also see beautiful villages everywhere. We are
proud of our hometown.
Now the people in Huanggang are trying to protect the natural environment. We plant trees as many as possible
every year. We stop factories from throwing rubbish into the rivers. Volunteers go to the mountains, forests, parks
and streets to clean them up on the weekends. Everyone is playing a role in making our city more and more beautiful.
We are taking action!
Tom, would you like to come to Huanggang? You can see clear rivers and green mountains as well as blue skies
and white cloud. I believe you will fall in love with our city and have a wonderful time. Looking forward to your
visit!
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Ming
【名师点评】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了黄冈的地理位置，接下来介绍黄冈的历史、风景和环保情况，
最后邀请Tom来中国，欣赏黄冈更美好的绿水青山、蓝天白云。此处ask sb about sth, a number of, be proud
of, as... as possible, play a role in doing sth, fall in love with, have a wonderful time等这些词组的运用也让文章
增色不少。
现在完成时（三）
一、现在完成时的“未完成用法”
现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完
成用法”。此时常与for或since引导的时间状语（从句）连用。
表示“未完成”的句式 示例现在完成时+ for +一段时间 We have known each other for twenty years. 我们认识有二十年
了。
现在完成时+ since +表示过去的时间点 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. 自从1984年史密斯先生就
在这里工作。
现在完成时+ since +从句 I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生就住在这儿。
【拓展延伸】
1.在现在完成时中，for与since引导的时间状语可以进行相互转换，即“for +时间段= since +时间段+
ago”。
Eg.I have kept the book for a month. = I have kept the book since a month ago. 我已经借这本书一个月了。
2.在现在完成时中，当谓语动词是延续性动词时，可以用how long提问。
Eg.He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。→ How long has he been a soldier?他参军多长时间
了？
二、延续性动词与非延续性动词
1.延续性动词表示经验、经历；非延续性动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。有些非
延续性动词可以用延续性动词替换并用在现在完成时中。
2.在现在完成时的句子中，若含有for或since引导的时间 状语，则句中谓语动词一定要用延续性动词。非
延续性动词转换为延续性动词的方法有：
（1）将非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”，这样才能和时间段连用：
begin/start → be on（开始） marry → be married （结婚）
coma back → be back（回来） come here → be here（来这里）
open → be open（开业） close → be closed（关门）
die → be dead （死） get/arrive/reach → be in/at（到达）
finish → be over（结束） fall ill → be ill（生病）
leave → be away （离开） join/become → be in/be a member of（参加；加入）
（2）有的非延续性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词
borrow/lend → keep put on → wear/be on（穿）
（借）
become → be （成为） get to know → know（认识）
buy → have （买） catch a cold → have a cold（感冒）
receive → have（收到） go to sleep → sleep（睡觉）
Eg.【译】这家商店已经开业6小时了。
【误】The shop has opened for 6 hours.
【正】The shop has been open for 6 hours.
【注意】在完成时的否定句中，非延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。
Eg.I haven’t caught a cold for two hours. 我已经2个月没感冒了。一、单项选择
1．Not only Jim but also his sister ________ a few cities since they came to China.
A．have visited B．has visited C．visited D．visits
2．Mary ________ as a volunteer at a reading program since 2 years ago.
A．worked B．has worked C．is working D．will work
3．All of us ________ great progress since we started junior high school.
A．are making B．made C．will make D．have made
4．His family ________ towards a greener life since 2020.
A．work B．worked C．will work D．have worked
5．My hometown has changed a lot ________ the subway was put into use.
A．unless B．since C．if D．when
6．Mr. Smith ________ at the Natural History Museum for more than 10 years, so he knows a lot about insects.
A．is working B．has worked C．was working D．will work
7．I saw Harry in February and I ________ him since then.
A．didn’t see B．won’t see C．haven’t seen D．don’t see
8．—Who will talk about the development of American country music next week?
—I suggest Brad. He ___________ in Nashville, the home of country music, since he was a child.
A．has lived B．lived C．lives D．will live
9．Eric ________ many things since he became interested in science.
A．is learning B．was learning C．will learn D．has learned
10．The Wandering Earth II ___________ with the public since it came out.
A．has been successful B．is successful
C．was successful D．will be successful
二、完型填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
One day, a boy had a fight with one of his classmates. He was not 11 all day long. After school, he
went to his grandfather and told him his story 12 . “He is a really bad guy! He isn’t my friend any more.”
the boy said, “And I 13 him!”
The grandfather said with a kind smile, “Let me tell you a story, my dear. When I was a boy at your 14
, I too, sometimes disliked others for 15 they did.”
The boy listened to his grandfather carefully as he went on, “There are always two tigers in my 16 .
One is good and kind. And he is friendly to others. He gets on well 17 everybody around him. 18
, the other is bad and unfriendly. Even the smallest thing will make him angry. 19 this reason, he can’t
think carefully all the time so he can easily 20 with everybody. The two tigers both try to control (控制)
me. It is 21 for me to live with them in my heart.”
After hearing the story, the boy 22 his grandfather’s eyes for a while and asked, “Which tiger
controls 23 , grandfather?”“The one that I feed. I always take care of the good and kind tiger. I try to forget the bad and unfriendly tiger.
So I 24 hate others and hardly ever get angry.” The old man said 25 .
11．A．angry B．upset C．happy D．surprised
12．A．quietly B．clearly C．loudly D．angrily
13．A．hate B．know C．remember D．like
14．A．side B．age C．home D．class
15．A．why B．how C．what D．where
16．A．heart B．mouth C．dream D．hand
17．A．with B．for C．by D．to
18．A．Because B．However C．Though D．If
19．A．To B．In C．For D．At
20．A．agree B．play C．talk D．fight
21．A．difficult B．different C．easy D．boring
22．A．looked up B．looked into C．looked for D．looked after
23．A．me B．you C．him D．her
24．A．often B．sometimes C．usually D．never
25．A．easily B．quickly C．excitedly D．Seriously
三、阅读理解
A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is pleased with a grade
on a test. Or a person might smile if a friend told a funny joke. People smile for many different reasons. But smiles
are more than just a way for people to show that they are happy. There are other good reasons to smile often.
First, it is easier to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. However, it
takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your face a rest and smile!
Second, smiles are nice. People may try to look nice on the outside by exercising or wearing nice clothes.
However, there is a famous saying: a smile is the best thing a person can wear. That is because it is easy to be around
someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to be around someone who is unhappy all the time.
Third, smiles have power. Both smiling and laughing can easily and quickly spread (传播) from one person to
another. If one person smiles, people around him or her want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people
tend to laugh with them. If a person is sad, the best thing to do is share a smile or laugh. It is the easiest and cheapest
way to cheer someone up.
Finally, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even if you are mad or sad, try smiling. You’ll find
that it will be hard to stay mad or sad for very long!
26．This reading is about ________.
A．the different ways people smile B．how to make someone smile
C．the importance of smiling D．the ways of happiness
27．The writer says that ________.
A．it takes more muscles to smile than to frown (皱眉)B．it takes more muscles to frown than to smile
C．it takes the same amount of muscles to smile than to frown
D．it takes few muscles to frown than to smile
28．The writer thinks the best way to cheer people up is ________.
A．to buy them a gift B．to tell a funny joke
C．to give them a good grade D．to share a smile or a laugh
29．Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a reason to smile.
A．It is free. B．It looks nice. C．It is easy. D．It is powerful.
30．In what situation does a smile show that a person is happy?
A．When he makes 43 muscles on the face work together.
B．When his friend tells him a scary story.
C．When he is pleased with the grades on the tests.
D．When someone around him is sad.
四、书面表达
你在孩提时代最喜欢的东西是什么？你拥有它多长时间了？它是谁给你的？它有什么特别的地方？它
给你带来了什么样的回忆？写一篇关于它的短文。
要求：语言通顺，意思连贯，书写规范，60—80词。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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____________________________________________________________________________________________
____
参考答案：
1．B
【详解】句意：自从他们来到中国以来，不仅吉姆，他的妹妹也去过几个城市。
考查时态以及主谓一致。根据“since...”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done；not only...but also连接的并
列成分作主语时，应遵循就近原则，根据“his sister”可知助动词用has。故选B。
2．B
【详解】句意：玛丽从两年前就开始在一个阅读项目做志愿者。
考查时态。根据“since 2 years ago”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选B。
3．D
【详解】句意：自从我们开始上初中以来，我们都取得了很大的进步。
考查时态。根据“since we started junior high school”可知，此处是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，
故选D。4．D
【详解】句意：自2020年以来，他的家人一直致力于更环保的生活。
考查时态。work一般现在时；worked一般过去时；will work一般将来时；have worked现在完成时。根据
“since 2020”可知用现在完成时。故选D。
5．B
【详解】句意：自从地铁投入使用以来，我的家乡改变了很多。
考查连词辨析。unless除非；since自从；if如果；when当……时候。根据“My hometown has changed a
lot ... the subway was put into use.”可知从句是一般过去时，主句是现在完成时，用since引导时间状语从句。
故选B。
6．B
【详解】句意：史密斯先生在自然历史博物馆工作了10多年，所以他对昆虫很了解。
考查动词时态。根据“for more than 10 years”可知，“for+一段时间”要与现在完成时连用，结构
是have/has done，故选B。
7．C
【详解】句意：我在二月份见过哈利，从那以后就再也没见过他。
考查动词时态。根据“since then”可知，时态应为现在完成时，结构是have/has done。故选C。
8．A
【详解】句意：——下周谁来谈谈美国乡村音乐的发展？——我建议Brad。他从小就住在乡村音乐之乡纳
什维尔。
考查现在完成时。根据“since he was a child”可知，这里应用现在完成时。故选A。
9．D
【详解】句意：自从Eric对科学感兴趣以来，他已经学习了很多东西。
考查现在完成时。根据“since he became interested in science”可知，句子应用现在完成时，其谓语结构为：
have/has+过去分词。故选D。
10．A
【详解】句意：《流浪地球2》自上映以来就大获成功。
考查动词的时态。根据“since it came out”可知，句子应该用现在完成时。故选A。
11．C 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 16．A 17．A 18．B 19．C 20．D
21．A 22．B 23．B 24．D 25．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个小男孩打过架以后去找自己的祖父，祖父给小男孩讲述他自己是如何控制自
己情绪的。
11．句意：他一整天都不高兴。
angry生气的；upset心烦意乱的；happy高兴的；surprised惊讶的。根据“a boy had a fight with one of his
classmates”可知，他和他的一个同学打架了，所以他不高兴。故选C。
12．句意：放学后，他去找他的祖父，生气地告诉祖父他的故事。quietly安静地；clearly清晰地；loudly大声地；angrily生气地，愤怒地。根据“He is a really bad guy! He
isn’t my friend any more.”可知，男孩认为对方是一个坏孩子，并且不想和对方再做朋友了，说明他是“生
气地”对祖父说这些话。故选D。
13．句意：而且我恨他！
hate厌恶，憎恨；know知道；remember记得；like喜欢。根据“He isn’t my friend any more.”可知，男孩不
想和对方再做朋友了，说明他憎恨对方。故选A。
14．句意：我像你这么大的时候，我有时候也不喜欢别人的所作所为。
side一边；age年龄；home家；class班级。根据“When I was a boy at your”可知，此处是男孩的祖父讲述
自己像男孩那么大的时候的事情，at one’s age“在某人这个年龄”。故选B。
15．句意：我像你这么大的时候，我有时候也不喜欢别人的所作所为。
why为什么；how怎么样；what什么；where在哪里。根据“they did”可知，空处作did的宾语，用what，
表示“他们所做的事情”。故选C。
16．句意：在我的心里一直有两只老虎。
heart内心；mouth嘴；dream梦想；hand手。根据“for me to live with them in my heart”可知，在心里有两
只老虎。故选A。
17．句意：他和他周围的人相处得很好。
with和；for为了；by通过；to到。根据“gets on well…everybody”可知，此处是get on well with sb.“和某
人友好相处”。故选A。
18．句意：然而，另一只老虎又坏又不友好。
Because因为；However然而；Though虽然；If如果。根据“And he is friendly to others.”和“the other is bad
and unfriendly.”可知，上下文为转折关系，用however连接。故选B。
19．句意： 因为这个原因，他不能一直仔细思考，所以他可以很容易地与每个人打架。
To到；In在……里面；For因为；At在。根据“this reason”可知，此处指“由于这个原因”。故选C。
20．句意： 因为这个原因，他不能一直仔细思考，所以他可以很容易地与每个人打架。
agree同意；play玩耍；talk谈话；fight打架。根据“Even the smallest thing will make him angry.”和“he
can’t think carefully all the time”可知，很小的事情都会让他生气，所以他很容易跟别人打架。故选D。
21．句意：对我来说，和心中的老虎在一起生活是很困难的。
difficult困难的；different不同的；easy容易的；boring无聊的。根据“One is good and kind.”、“the other
is bad and unfriendly”和“The two tigers both try to control (控制) me.”可知，两只老虎性格完全不同，而且共
同控制着男孩的祖父，所以对于他来说，和这两只老虎一起生活很困难。故选A。
22．句意：听完这个故事，小男孩盯着祖父的眼睛看了一会儿，问道：“祖父，是哪只老虎控制了你？”
looked up查阅；looked into看着；looked for寻找；looked after照顾。根据“his grandfather’s eyes for a
while and asked”可知，男孩盯着祖父看了一会。故选B。
23．句意：听完这个故事，小男孩盯着祖父的眼睛看了一会儿，问道：“祖父，是哪只老虎控制了你？”
me我；you你；him他；her她。根据“the boy…asked”可知，此处是小男孩向自己的祖父提问，应用第二
人称。故选B。24．句意：老人认真地说：“所以我从来不恨别人，也很少生气。”
often经常；sometimes有时；usually通常；never从不。根据“I try to forget the bad and unfriendly tiger.”可
知，男孩的祖父努力忘记那只不友好的老虎，所以他从不恨别人。故选D。
25．句意：老人认真地说：“所以我从来不恨别人，也很少生气。”
easily容易地；quickly快速地；excitedly激动地；seriously认真地，严肃地。根据“The one that I feed. I
always take care of the good and kind tiger. I try to forget the bad and unfriendly tiger.”可知，此处是男孩的祖父
在给男孩认真地讲道理。故选D。
26．C 27．B 28．D 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要从四个方面说明微笑的好处。
26．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句“There are other good reasons to smile often.”以及通读全文，可
知文章主要讲了微笑的好处，强调了微笑的重要性。故选C。
27．细节理解题。根据“In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. However, it takes 43 muscles to show
unhappiness.”，可知微笑只需要17块肌肉而表现不快乐需要43块肌肉，所以皱眉要比微笑用到更多的肌肉。
故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据“Both smiling and laughing can easily and quickly spread (传播) from one person to
another.”和“It is the easiest and cheapest way to cheer someone up.”，可知微笑和大笑都可以很容易和迅速地
从一个人传播到另一个人，这是让别人高兴起来的最简单、最便宜的方法。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据“First, it is easier to smile…”，“Second, smiles are nice.”、“Third, smiles have
power.”和“Finally, smiling and laughing are very good for the body.”，可知“It is free”没有被提及。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第一段“For example, a person may smile when he or she is pleased with a grade on a
test.”，可知当一个人对考试成绩感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。故选C。
31．例文：
My favorite thing from childhood is a toy bear. I have had it for ten years.
My mother gave it to me on my fifth birthday. It’s special to me because I used to play with it almost every
day. I regarded it as one of my best friends. I remember when I was six years old, I would never go to bed without
it. I like it very much because it is so cute.
The toy bear has left me so many sweet memories. Even now, I don’t want to part with it.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“现在完成时”；
③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，包括喜欢的东西、拥有的时间、来历、特别之处及回忆。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍喜欢的东西；
第二步，详细描写物品，包括拥有的时间、来历和特别之处；
第三步，介绍它带给的回忆。。
[亮点词汇]①on my fifth birthday在我五岁生日那天
②be special to对……是特别的
③sweet memories甜蜜回忆
[高分句型]
①It’s special to me because I used to play with it almost every day. (原因状语从句)
②I remember when I was six years old, I would never go to bed without it. (时间状语从句)
