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选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Science Fiction
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
It’s the year 2140 and two kids ride their surfboards in the heart of Manhattan，near the
point where Sixth Avenue meets Broadway.If you are familiar with this junction，you will know it
is far from the US’s current coastline.But in Kim Stanley Robinson’s novel New York 2140，
Manhattan is flooded after continuous climate change causes the sea level to rise by 15.25m.
Robinson’s 2017 climate fiction novel belongs to a new kind of novel，which tells “the
story of the next century”．It might be helping readers across the world comprehend the situation
in which we currently find ourselves.
Climate change is an indescribable crisis to make sense of.Drop some poisonous chemicals in
a river now and you will see dead fish within days，but what do you witness when you release(释
放) carbon dioxide(CO )?
2
“This is where fiction comes in：it brings the abstract data closer to home by focusing on the
faces and stories in these futures.Show readers a detailed account of a climate-changed future，and
they have an easier time imagining it，” says Robinson.“Science fiction gets people thinking in
a way that another report on climate change doesn’t，” says Shelley Streeby，a professor of
Literature and Ethnic Studies at UC San Diego.“It helps people feel not only about what might be
coming，but also about the present.It is about taking certain conditions that exist nowadays，
extending them into the future and throwing a bunch of characters into their midst.”
In the search to adopt climate change as a topic，writers are doing what they do best：trying
to tell a good story.Sometimes they write with a touch of optimism as they negotiate the current
crisis.But even with this optimism，these writers want to make sure the world knows they，at
least，are paying attention.
1．What is the function of the first paragraph?
A．To give background on a story.
B．To promote the novel New York 2140.
C．To lead to the topic of climate fiction.
D．To show the influence of climate change.
2．How does the author show the climate change crisis is “indescribable”？
A．By inferring. B．By comparing. C．By analyzing. D．By imagining.
3．What’s Streeby’s attitude toward science fiction?
A．Approving. B．Cautious. C．Negative. D．Doubtful.
4．Which is the best title for the text?A．Climate Crisis：No Longer a Forecast
B．The Future World：More Promising
C．New York 2140：A New Type of Novel
D．Climate Fiction：A Reminder of Climate Change
B
Have you ever lost something in a hard-to-reach space，like behind a couch or a cupboard?
Wouldn’t it be nice to just be able to squeeze in and out? New innovations in the field of robotics
will soon be able to make this nice idea into a reality.
In a study published on Jan 25 in the science journal Matter，engineers from The Chinese
University of Hong Kong and Carnegie Mellon University in the US have developed small robots
that can quickly change back and forth from liquid to solid states.
According to the website Mashable，the scientists were inspired by sea cucumbers.They are
able to change the stiffness(僵硬度) of their body or reduce the potential for physical damage.The
robots in the study were made from gallium(镓)，a soft metal with a low melting point of
30℃.The scientists then used changes in the magnetic field to control the magnetic particles inside
the gallium material to provide heat.This heat then allowed the robots to change between solid and
liquid states as well as to move around.
As the website Tech Xplore pointed out，other similar materials require external heat sources
such as heat guns and electrical currents to induce a change of states; but now，the robots can use
a heat source inside itself to change states independently.During the robots’ experimental trials，
the scientists conducted a number of tests.These tests included having the robots melt into liquid
and re-form to escape a prison-like cage.It can remove a foreign object from and deliver medicinal
drugs to a model stomach.The robot is also able to build and repair hard-to-reach circuits.The
robots’ ability to switch between states of matter allows for a number of possible uses and
advancements in different fields，such as the biomedical and circuit assembly(组装) industries.
Still，in the words of senior author Carmel Majidi at Carnegie Mellon University，for now
these are all just “proofs of concept” which show the abilities of these new kinds of robots.
5．Why can the robots switch between solid and liquid?
A．Because they consist of a unique metal and magnetic particles.
B．Because they can reduce the potential for physical damage.
C．Because they are able to change the stiffness of their body.
D．Because they have external heat sources any time anywhere.
6．What does the underlined word “induce” in paragraph 4 probably mean?
A．Witness. B．Remove. C．Cause. D．Accept.
7．What will be the function of the robot?
A．To help scientists inspire sea cucumbers.
B．To put a couch into a hard-to-reach space.C．To get rid of foreign objects from an organ.
D．To assist people in escaping a prison-like cage.
8．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A health report. B．A science fiction novel.
C．A chemistry textbook. D．A scientific magazine.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Dan Mancina is a professional skateboarder known for being visually impaired and sharing
clips of his skating on Instagram.He has a large following of fans，all 1 to see his skillful
tricks.And videos of him using his walking stick as he boards inspire curiosity and 2 from
fans around the world.
The Michigan native started skating at 7，and took it more 3 at 13，developing a love
for the sport which he says helps him express himself.A rare genetic eye disease began to 4
his vision at 15，and after a year and a half，he completely lost his 5 .
He stopped skating for a couple of years.This was the 6 point of his life. 7 letting
his blindness dominate what he could or would do，he gradually 8 to doing what he loved—
spending time outdoors.
One day，he wanted to see if he could still skate，so he 9 a video of a trick，which
eventually got 10 on social media and received great feedback.That inspired him to try a bit
more，and slowly he got back into skateboarding.
In order to help make skateboarding more 11 to people with vision impairments，Dan
has started a fundraising 12 to build the world’s first adaptive skate park.He has 13
around $40,000 for the park.He hopes to be 14 skate workshops for visually impaired kids by
next spring or summer.
“I’m honored I can be a(n) 15 for our community.Never let others define you and
what you are capable of，” he said.
1．A.eager B．nervous C．cautious D．hesitant
2．A.gratitude B．admiration C．reflection D．approval
3．A.exactly B．severely C．honestly D．seriously
4．A.earn B．check C．affect D．promote
5．A.fortune B．temper C．thought D．sight
6．A.lowest B．starting C．finishing D．highest
7．A.Other than B．Apart from C．Rather than D．Regardless of
8．A.objected B．returned C．admitted D．contributed
9．A.filmed B．developed C．watched D．replaced
10．A.imitated B．changed C．shared D．involved
11．A.achievable B．affordable C．bearable D．accessible
12．A.permission B．competition C．assignment D．campaign13．A.raised B．distributed C．spent D．wasted
14．A.examining B．running C．counting D．exploring
15．A.signal B．alarm C．voice D．surprise
Ⅲ.语法填空
A new adaptation of Chinese mythological stories has won the heart of audiences with its
distinctive style.The animation series，Yao—Chinese Folktales,1. (gain) more than
110 million views online since it was released.
The series ， co-produced by Shanghai Animation Film Studio and Bilibili ， is 2.
collection of 20-minute short films，consisting of eight separate stories 3. (feature)
monster-like characters，or yao in Chinese.The collection,4. ranges from ancient
stories to science fiction，from emotional connection with hometowns to romantic love 5.
from life themes to questions for humanity ， presents Chinese culture and philosophy.For
example ， the first episode ， named “Nobody” ， tells a pig monster’s story 6.
(base) on the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West.The creative team put the perspective on
the little monsters who used to have blurry faces and didn’t even have names in the story.
Li Zao，general producer，said it was impossible 7. (predict) what the eventual
outcome would be at first.Now，the 8. (favor) comments exceeded the expectations
of the creative team.These contained both the audience’s 9. (recognize) of the work
and their hopes of Chinese animation.Besides adapting 10. the taste of the masses，
the team also wanted to guide them to appreciate different types of work.
