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【同步 100 分背默】Unit10 I've had this bike for three years 知识清
单
一．重点词汇背默
Section A
1. n. 院子 12. adj. 地位(或职位、级别)低下的
2. adj. 甜蜜的;甜的; 含糖的 13. v. 清理;清除
3. n. 记忆;回忆 14. n. 卧室
4. n. 分;分币 15. v. 拥有;有
5. n. 玩具 16. n. 铁路;铁道
6. n. 熊 17. v. 离开;分开
7. n. 生产者;制订者 18. adj. 某种;某事;某人
8. n. 围巾;披巾;头巾 19. adj. 诚实的; 老实的
9. adj. 软的;柔软的 20. n. 一段时间; 一会儿
10. v.& n. 检查;审查 21. adj. 诚实的; 真实的
11. n. 板;木板 22. n. 家乡;故乡
1.yard 2.sweet 3.memory 4.cent 5.toy 6.bear 7.maker 8.scarf 9.soft 10.check 11.board
12.junior 13.clear 14.bedroom 15.own 16.railway 17.part 18.certain 19.honest 20.while
21.truthful22.hometown
Section B
1. v.& n.搜索;搜查 8. v.将……认为;把……视为;看待
2. prep.在(其)中;……之一 9. prep.与……相对; 在……对面 adj.对
3. n.彩色铅笔(或粉笔、蜡笔) 面的;另一边的
4. n.羞耻;羞愧;惭愧 10. adv.尤其;特别; 格外
5. adv.现今;现在;目前 11. n.童年;幼年
6. n.百年;世纪 12. v.注视;仔细考虑
7. v.数数 13. v.拥有;抓住
1.search 2.among 3.crayon 4.shame 5.nowadays 6.century 7.count 8.regard 9.opposite10.especially
11.childhood 12.consider 13.hold
二．重点短语背默
Section A
1. 察看;观察 4. 放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东
2. 清理;丢掉 西)
3. 不再;不复 5. 至于;关于
6. 说实在的
1.check out 2.clear out 3.no longer 4.part with 5.as for 6.to be honest
Section B
1. 依据;按照 2. 几乎;接近1.according to 2.close to
三．重点句子背默
Section A
1. 我已经拥有这辆自行车三年了。
2. 那边的那辆自行车你拥有多久了?
1.I’ve had this bike for three years. 2.How long have you had that bike over there?
四．易错点背默
1.Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years.
用法分析【句型】人+have/has had+物品+for引导的时间状语.表示“某人拥有某物品长达......之久。”
这是现在完成时的肯定句，用于描述某人拥有的物品。该结构的主语用表示“人”的词，其后的助动词
用have还是has由它来确定。had在此是及物动词have的过去分词，表示“拥有”，是延续性动词。for
more than 10 years是“for+时间段”结构，在肯定句中通常要与延续性时间状语连用，强调动作延续了多
久。
—Is this your mobile phone？这是你的手机吗？
—Yes.I have had it for two years.是的。我拥有这部手机两年了。
Mr. Green has had this car for five years.格林先生拥有这辆小汽车五年了。
2.You can also give old things away to people in need.
用法分析in need是介词短语，表示“有需要的”，作后置定语修饰名词people。in need常作后置定语修
饰名词。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真朋友。
Let’s help the children in need.我们帮助有需要的孩子们吧。
知识拓展：in need of表示“需要”，常放在be动词后面作表语，表示静态含义。它可以接表示“人、事
物”的词作宾语，接动词时动词要变为V-ing形式。
Are you in need of money?你需要钱吗?
We are in need of him.我们需要他。
Your wardrobe may be in need of editing. 你的衣橱可能需要整理了。
3.Because I don’t read it anymore.
用法分析句中用了not ... anymore短语，表示“不再”，说明过去某个动作或状态发生但现在不再发生，
可以修饰be动词、延续性动词、瞬间动词。not要置于be动词、助动词、情态动词后面，行为动词前
面。anymore可以写成any more，要置于句尾。
Now she isn’t afraid any more. 现在她再也不害怕了。
I just can’t stand this life anymore. 我简直受不了这种生活
小贴士：在现代英语中，no more表示“不再”时，通常与行为动词连用（延续性动词和短暂性动词都可
以），常放在句末，可以与not...anymore互换使用。
We could stand it no more.=We couldn’t stand it anymore.我们不能再忍受了。
They drink no more.=They don’t drink anymore.他们不再喝酒了。4.I’ve had them since I was a child.
用法分析【句型】人+have/has+had+物品+since引导的时间状语从句.表示“自从......以来某人拥有某个物
品。”
这是含有since引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句，说明某人自某个时间起就拥有了某物。since意为“自
从”，引导时间状语从句时主句用现在完成时，从句要用一般过去时。
Linda has had this bike since she was 10 years old.琳达自十岁起就拥有了这辆自行车。
I have had this computer since I went to university.自我上大学以前，我就拥有了这台电脑。
5.As for me
用法分析as for是短语介词，意为“关于、至于”。它可以接表示“人、事物”的词作宾语，接动词时动
词要变为V-ing形式。它引导的短语可以放在句首或句中。该短语用来转换话题，引出另外一方或新的谈
话内容，但与前文内容有一定的联系，起到补充前文又突出后文的作用。此外，它还可以表示轻蔑的态
度。
You can sleep on the sofa.But as for these persons，they have to sleep on the floor.你可以睡在床上。但是至于
这些人，他们必须睡地板。
We had a delightful weekend in the country. As for the traffic, we had no difficulty.在乡下我们度过了一个愉
快的周末。至于交通，我们没有遇到任何困难。
I like swimming.As for playing football,I have no interest.我喜欢游泳。至于踢足球，我没兴趣。
As for John, I never want to want to see again.至于约翰，我再也不想见到他了。
6.to be honest，I have not played for a while now
用法分析to be honest意为“说实在的”，作插入语。它可以放在句首、句中、句末。放在句首时要用逗
号将其与后面内容隔开；放在句中时要用逗号与前后内容隔开。它放在句末时要用逗号将其与前面内容
隔开。它对整个句子进行说明和解释，表明说话人的看法和态度，同义表达为 to tell you the truth和
honestly speaking。
To be honest/ to tell you the truth/honestly speaking，I quite appreciate myself.说实在的，我相当欣赏自己。
I，to be honest/ to tell you the truth/honestly speaking，am not willing to help you.说实在的，我不愿意帮你。
We can’t finish the task on time,to be honest/ to tell you the truth/honestly speaking说实在的，我们无法按时完
成这个任务。
知识拓展：
1）honest是形容词，意为“诚实的”，读音是['ɒnɪst]。由于它的首字母 h不发音，当构成不定冠词
+honest+单数可数名词结构时，不定冠词要用an。
What an honest boy he is！他是多么诚实的男孩啊！
I know she is honest and reliable.我知道她是诚实可靠的。
2）honesty是不可数名词，意为“诚实”。
They said that the greatest virtues in a politician were integrity, correctness, and honesty.他们说政治家最重要的
美德就是正直、得体和诚实。
3）honestly是副词，意为“正直的”。She fights honestly for a just cause and for freedom.她正直地为正义事业和自由而战。
7.Among these is Zhong Wei，a 46-year-old husband and father.
用法分析【句型】介词短语+谓语+主语+其他.
（1）这是完全倒装句，正常语序为“Zhong Wei，a 46-year-old husband and father，among these.”介词短语
提到句首时要将谓语提到主语的前面，谓语的单复数形式必须与其后的主语保持一致。这种倒装结构起
强调作用，同时避免因为主语过长而造成头重脚轻的现象。
In the box are some cats. 箱子里是一些猫。
By the window sits a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一个年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。
用法分析（2）among是介词，意为“在（其）中、......之一”，强调在三者及三者以上之中。
Maybe among these people are some world champions.说不定这些人中就有世界冠军呢。
Among these people was his friend Jim. 他的朋友吉姆就在这些人当中。
词语辨析：between与among的区别
between 意为“在......之中”，用于两者比较，也可以用于在三者中每两个作比较。固定短语是
between..and...结构，表示“在......和......之间”。
What's the difference between these three words?这三个单词之间有什么区别？(指三个词中每两个进行比较)
This building is between the library and the post office.这座建筑物在图书馆和邮局之间。
用法分析（3）46-year-old是“基数词+连字符+名词+连字符+形容词”结构。该结构前面要用不定冠词。
“-”是连字符，不能省略。该结构中的名词要用单数形式。这种结构只作前置定语修饰名词。该结构同时
修饰hundred和father，用于说明钟伟的身份既是丈夫，又是父亲。
She is a twenty-year-old pop star.她是一个20岁的明星。
He is an eight-year-old boy.他是一个8岁的男孩。
8.Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.
用法分析regard在此作及物动词，意为“注视、关注”。它可以接表示“人、事物”的词作宾语，也可
以接宾语从句。其后接的with great interest是“with+抽象名词”结构，作方式状语修饰regard。how their
hometowns have changed是how引导的宾语从句，作regard的宾语。
It is necessary for to regard our school records.关注我们的学习成绩是很必要的。
知识拓展：regard的其他用法
（1）作及物动词时还可以构成regard...as...短语，表示“把...视作...”，as后面可以接名词、形容词。
I regard him as a friend.我把他视为朋友。
He regards the situation as serious.他认为形势严峻。
（2）作及物动词时意为“（以某种情感）看待”。
He regards drug dealers with loathing.他带着憎恶去看待毒贩子。
（3）作不可数名词时意为“尊敬、注意”。
His statements show little regard for women.他的陈述表示出对女性的不敬。
Tom seems to have little regard for detail in his work.汤姆似乎不注意他的工作细节。9.It was such a happy childhood.
用法分析childhood由“child（孩子）+后缀hood（时期）”派生而成，在此作可数名词，意为“童年、
幼年”。
She had a happy childhood.她有过一个幸福的童年。
Childhoods generally aren’t perfect. 童年一般都不完美。
知识归纳：hood是名词后缀，可以放在某些名词或形容词之后
（1）接在名词后面。
1）表示“......时期”。adult成人—adulthood成人期
2）表示“......状态”parent父亲或母亲—parenthood父母身份
3）表示“......群体”priest 教士—priesthood教士群体
（2）接在形容词后面时表示“......性质”likely可能的—likelihood可能性（把y改为i加hood）
五．语法点记忆
现在完成时(三)
一． for与since的用法
单词 用法 例句
"for+时间段"常和现在完成时
for 连用,表示动作持续的时间,句 We have waited for about three hours.我们已经等了大约三小时。
中谓语动词为延续性动词。
意
since+过去的时间点 I’ve known Tom since 2016.自从2016年,我就认识汤姆了。
为"自……
以来",表
since+一段时间 I have been here since five months ago.我从五个月以前就在这儿
示动作的
+ago 了。
since 开始时间,
since+从句,从句用
它既可以
She has taught here since she left college. 自从她大学毕业,她就一
作介词,也
一般过去时,主句用
直在这里任教。
现在完成时。
可以作连
词。 It has been +一段时 It has been three years since he left his hometown.自他离开家乡已经
间+since从句。 三年了。
二． 延续性动词与非延续性动词
(1)延续性动词与非延续性动词的区别
分类 含义 示例
延续性 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以 have、 work、 watch、 keep、 stay、
动词 延续下去或产生持久的影响。 wait、 sleep
open、 buy、 come、 go、 leave、 stop、
非延续 非延续性动词表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发
close、 finish性动词 生后一般立即结束。
(2)常见的延续性动词和非延续性动词的转化
非延续性动词 延续性动词
buy have
borrow keep
become be
die be dead
leave be away
finish/stop be over
come/go be in/at
marry be married
open be open
close be closed
fall ill be ill
fall asleep be asleep
1. Betty A hard since last term. That's why her exam results are so good!
A. has worked B. will work C. worked D. was working
2. —I'm sorry for being late.
—Never mind. The meeting C for only 5 minutes. This way, please.
A. has begun B. has ended C. has been on D. has started
3. I D in the city since I left school.
A. live B. will live C. was living D. have lived
4. —How long is it since he B this school?
—He ______ for three years.
A. has left; has left B. left; has been away
C. leaves; has left D. has left; has left
5. —You have a nice car.
—Thank you. I D it for less than one month.
A. bought B. have bought C. had D. have had
6. Since we began to use the Internet, our lives D a lot.
A. change B. had changed C. will change D. have changed
7. —Over 100 countries and organizations B warm support to the Belt and Road Initiative since 2013.
—Wonderful! Our circle of friends is growing bigger!
A. give B. have given C. gave D. will give
8. Her grandfather B car in 2007. He ______ the car for 10 years.
A. buy; has bought B. bought; has had
C. buys; has had D. bought; has bought9. Lily is my classmate. We C each other since she came to our school.
A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know
10. —Do you know her well?
—Sure. We D friends since ten years ago.
A. were B. became C. has become D. have been
11. —Where is your uncle, Jane?
—He is in Guangzhou. He D for a month.
A. has left B. has gone C. left D. has been away
12. —How are you today?
—Oh. I D as ill as I do now for a long time.
A. didn't feel B. wasn't feeling C. don't feel D. haven't felt
13. The volunteers B a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010.
A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer
14. —Last night I went to a concert of Chinese folk music. Erquan Yingyue was so sad but beautiful that I sensed
a strong sadness and pain under the beauty.
—So it was. The musician who played it last night C to play the erhu since he ______ very young.
A. learned; was B. has learned; am C. has learned; was D. learned; has been
15. The family D there since they moved to China in the 2000s.
A. lived B. will live C. live D. have lived
六．写作背默
本单元的写作内容是写有关“Hometown Feelings”的短文，写此类文章可以从以下方面作为切入点：
写此类文章要注意现在时、过去时、完成时、将来时的运用，特别是延续性动词在完成时中的运用
要准确。涉及经常性的动作用一般现在时，过去的动作用过去时，已经完成的动作用完成时，将来的事
情用将来时。围绕时间展开，引出话题，介绍情况、展望未来或下决心，做到层次分明，语法得当，引
人深思，引起共鸣。
如何写好这类文章，主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式：
※常用的词汇
leave hometown离开家乡
search for work寻找工作
be back回来
achieve one's dream实现某人的梦想
※常用的句型句式
...leave the countryside to search for work in the cities.……离开乡村去城市里寻找工作。
He has lived in Wenzhou for the last 13 years. 他已经住在温州13年了。
...haven't been back to their hometown for two years. ……已经两年没回到家乡了。
...because things need to change in order to become better. ……因为事情需要改变来变得更好。
※常用开头结尾句
My parents left hometown to search for work...的父母离开家乡去寻找工作。
In order to achieve my dream, I will...为了实现我的梦想，我将……I think my dream will come true one day. 我想我的梦想总有一天会实现。
经典试题
假如你是一位农民工的儿子，你父母几年前离开家乡去大城市打工，现在已经在北京工作了5年，
为了赚钱，他们几乎两年没有回来了，他们希望你将来有个好工作，所以去年让你到北京来上学，从那
以后你有了一个愿望，想成为一名建筑设计师，将来给父母建一座大房子，尽可能多地给予父母关爱。
为了实现梦想，你下定决心，加倍努力学习。根据这些提示写一篇短文。100词左右。
参考词汇：migrant worker农民工，make monkey赚钱，architect建筑师，as much as possible尽可能
多地
引出话题 left hometown, search for work
live in Beijing, haven't been back, school in Beijing,
思路点拨 父母和我的情况和愿望
an architect, build a house, love parents
决心和希望 achieve my dream, study harder
范文赏析
My parents left hometown to search for work in the big cities a few years ago.
As migrant workers, now they have lived in Beijing for five years. In order to make money, they haven't been
back for almost two years. They hope I have a good job one day. So I moved to Beijing to go to school last year.
Since then I have hoped to become an architect. I will build a big house for my parents. I'll give my love to my
parents as much as possible. In order to achieve my dream, I will study harder. I think my dream will come true
one day.
