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初中英语近义词辨析专项练习
tell talk say speak
tell 告诉，讲述 可接双宾语
talk 交谈 有 talk with/to
say 说 强调说的内容，有 say to sb
speak 说某种语言 其直接宾语为语言，若要对
某人或物说，则用 speak to
1 Can you _____ me the truth?
2 What language do you ____?
3 This is what they ____ yesterday.
4 Don’t ___ in class，please be quiet.
.look look at see watch
look 看起来（系动词，接形容词作表语）
look at 朝…看 强调看的方向
see 看见 强调看到的结果
watch 观看 尤其指看电视，看球赛等
1 The coat ____ nice, I want to buy one for my
daughter.2 Please _______ the blackboard, can you ___
anything?
3 She doesn’t like ____ TV,but she likes _____
football game.
.sound listen to hear
sound 听起来 （系动词，接形容词作表语）
listen to 听 强调听的动作与方向
hear 听见 强调听的结果
1 ____ the radio, it says the flood is coming
soon.
2 I can’t ____ you , because there’s something
wrong with my ears.
3 What you said ____ interesting.
.hear from hear of
hear from 收到…的来信
hear of 听说…的消息
1 After ____ her sister, she read and soon wrote
back.
2 Have you _____ the place called Shenglong?.receive accept
receive 收到 强调收的动作
accept 接受，收下 强调收的结果
He _____ a present yesterday, but he didn’t
_____ it, because it was too much expensive and
he sent it back.
.look up look for find find out
look up 查词典、书、电话簿等，代词放中间
look for 寻找 强调找的动作
find 找到 强调结果
find out 发现结果 是指经过调查、研究、分析
或判断等努力而发现的结论
1 He often takes a dictionary and ______ the
new words in it?
2 The little girl _____ her pen everywhere but
didn’t _____ it at last.
3 Look! Rita is crying over there. Let’s go and
_____ why is she crying.
.keep borrow lendkeep 借 是一个延续性动词
borrow 借 （ 进 ） 强 调 从 别 人 那 里 借 来 ， 有
borrow… from
lend 借（出）强调将东西借给别人，有 lend …to
1 – My bike is broken, can I ___ yours ,Lily?
-Oh, sorry, I’ve ____ it to Sandy.
2 –How long may I ____ this book?
-For about two weeks.
.reach arrive get
reach 到达，够得着 是个及物动词
arrive 到达 不及物动词，有 arrive in/ at
get 到达 不及物动词， 有 get to
1 They will ____ in Chengdu next week.
2 How do you ___ to school every day?
3 Use a longer stick, then you can ____ the
apples.
.thanks to thanks for
thank to 幸亏，由于thanks for 因…谢谢
1 ______ your help, I’ve understand it.
2 ______ the cats, mice dare not come and eat
my food.
.give in give up
give in 投降
give up 放弃 代词放中间，后面可接动词-ing 分
词
1 We shouldn’t _____ learning English!
2 I would rather die than _____ before my
enemies.
.achieve come true
achieve 实现（理想、愿望、预言等） 及物动词，
主语一般为人
come true 实现 不及物动词组 一般由物（理
想、愿望、预言等）作主语
1 He works so hard that he is sure to___ his
dream.2 His prediction of human’s flying to the moon
_____.
.turn off close turn on open
turn off 关（电器）
close 关（门、窗、书等）
turn on 开（电器）
open 开（门、窗、书等）
1 _____ the windows please, it’s so cold outside.
2 ____ the lights before you leave the room.
3 The dog _____ the box and took the bone out!
4 _____ the TV, I want to watch the NBA
basketball games.
.break off break out break into break down
break off 中断关系，突然终止
break out 指战争爆发
break into 非法进入或闯入
break down 坏掉，（车、船等）抛锚，中途不工
作1 He was late for school yesterday, because his
car ____ on the half way.
2 The World War Ⅱ ____ when she was only
five.
3 They ____ their friendship and didn’t talk to
each other any more.
4 Last night a thief _____ my house and took
away my TV.
. solve reply answer
solve 解决（问题）及物动词 常与 problem
连用
reply 回复，答复 不及物动词 常与 to 连用
answer 回答 及物动词 常与 question
连用
1 What did Mr Smith ____ to what others said?
2 No one in our class can ______ this question.
3 It’s too difficult for everyone to ______ that
problem.
.hope wishhope 希望 指较为现实的想法 常有 hope to do 或
hope + 从句，但没有 hope sb to do
wish 希望 指不太现实的要求或想法 有 wish to
do 或 wish sb to do。也有 wish+从句，但这时的从
句多用虚拟语气，及从句中常有 could 或 should 等
1 – The weather may be fine tomorrow.
- I ____ so.
2 Mum ____ me to be a doctor in the future.
3 How I ____ I could fly to the moon!
.take cost spend pay
take 花费 尤指花费时间,主语为物 常有 it
takes sb some time to do sth
cost 花费 指花金钱 ，主语为物 常有 cost
sb some money
spend 花费 主语为人 常有 spend… doing 或
spend…on sth
pay 花费 主语为人 常有 pay…for
1 It often ___ about 3 hours to get to school from
my home.2 – Who will ____ for the bill?
- Maybe our boss.
3 The house ___ him 30,000 dollars.
4 His cousin _____ the whole day making the toy
car yesterday.
.take part in join
take part in 参加某项活动
join 参加某个组织、团体、俱乐部、军队、党团
或个人
1 Mr Wang ___ the Party 5 years ago.
2 They invited Lily ______ that party.
.do with deal with
do with 处理，应付 在问句中要与 what 连用
deal with 处理，对付 在问句中要与 how 连用
1 How can you ___ that problem?
2 What do you ____ the event?
.put on wear dress
put on 穿上 强调穿衣的动作，宾语为物wear 穿着 强调穿的状态，是一个延续性动词，
宾语为物
dress 给…穿衣服，宾语为人
1 _____ the warm clothes, it’s cold outside.
2 Mary is always ______ red clothes . Maybe red
is her favorite color.
3 The little boy could ______ himself when he
was three years old.
.win lose beat
win 赢得 宾语为物
lose 输掉 宾语为物
beat 战胜，打败 宾语为人
1 Our team has ___ the football match, we are
all happy. But they are frustrated, because theirs
____ the match.
2 The Brazilian football team ___ us 5-0 in that
match, all the Chinese fans were very sad.
.be made in be made of be made from be
made up ofbe made in 在哪里制作，后面接产地
be made of 由…制成，看得出原料
be made from 由…制成，看不出原料
be made up of 由…组成，强调由个体组成整体
1 The desk _______ wood.
2 This kind of watch ______ Shanghai.
3 Our class ______ 50 students.
4 Paper _______ bamboo.
.have been to have been in have gone to
have been to 曾经去过（现在在说话地），可与
次数连用
have been in 在某地呆
have gone to 已经去了（现在不在说话地）
1 They ______ Italy for more than 7 years, so
Italy is their second home.
2 This person can’t be Yao Ming, for Yao
_______ America.
3 – How many times _______ Hainan?- Only 3 times.
1. too much / much too
1.The computer is ____ expensive.
2.Stop, Peter. You talked ____.
3.I’ve got ____ work to do.
4.Father, have a rest. You’ve ____ tired today.
5.Hurry up! You have wasted ___ time.
2. holiday/ vacation
1.Christmas is a ____ for everybody.
2.The children will take their summer __ in half a
month.
3.My father is on _____.
3. close/ shut off/ turn off
1.You’d better ____the motor. It is making too
much noise.
2.All the shops are ____ now.
3.She didn’t __ the door and entered the house.
4.He ____ the lights before he left the lab.
5._____ the television, please.
4. instead/ instead of/ without
1.I don’t like this one; please give me that____.
2.He stayed at home studying English ___ going tothe cinema.
3.Tom passed by me ___ saying hello to me.
4.He went to school by bike ____ by car.
5.If Harry is not well enough to go with you, take
me _____.
5. many/ much / lots of / a lot ( of )
1.____ of the visitors are workers.
2.Has Jack ____ money?
3.During those three weeks, he ate ____ meat.
4.I did not understand why you had so _____
strange questions.
5.Although he is a boy, he reads _____.
6 above all / after all / first of all / at all
1.Never waste anything, but ___ never waste time.
2._____, let me introduce myself to you.
3.What are you doing here ___ at all?
4.He is still a child ____. Don’t blame him.
5.I don’t know him _____.
7. passed/ past
1.They hurried ____ the building.
2.Tom _____ by me without greeting just now.
3.The train for the small town leaves at ten __eight.
4.Two weeks had ____ since Martin had seen him.
5.In the ____ I have had many jobs.
8. agree to / agree with / agree on
1.I ____ what he said.
2.All those who _____ the plan, raise your hands.
3.We _____ leaving there the next day.
4.Finally he _____ get someone to help me.
5.The food doesn’t _____ him.
9. build/ found/ set up/ put up
1.Last year a cinema was _____ near our school.
2.The rich man _____ the hospital and a school in
the town where he was born.
3.The nursery was _____ in our school.
4.The newspaper reporter _____ his camera under
a tree.
5.They must ____ good relations with the masses.
10. as / like
1.she is a fine girl, ____ her mother used to be.
2.It looks ____ a stone.
3.____ you know, he got into lots of bad habits.
4.You are just ____ what I expected.5.He ought to do ____ I tell him.
11. a number of / the number of
1.There were _____ people out this afternoon.
2.Do you write down _____ my telephone?
3._____ of trees planted is never under 200 in our
village every year.
4.We have lived here _____ years.
5._____ of jobless people grow in the country at
present.
12. get( be ) ready / prepare / prepare for
1.Mother is busy _____ us lunch in the kitchen.
2.The doctor told the nurses to ____ the operation
at once.
3.We all ____ to do anything for the people.
4.Will you help me ____ the party?
5.Please _____ by seven tomorrow morning.
13. information/ news/ message
1. I have a ____ for you from my teacher.
2.There is much new ____ in this book.
3.They were listening to the ____ over the radio
4.Will you take this ____ to your brother ?.
5.They have no _____ about where she has gone.14. the same… as / the same… that
1.The girl has ___ hair ___ her mother had.
2.He was about ___ age ____ Tom.
3.China is not ____ the country ____ she was.
4.The computer costs ______ mine.
5.He teaches English in the ____ school _____ my
brother does
15. learn/ study
1.She is ____ to drive a car.
2.The subject he ____ was chemistry.
3.Why don’t you _____ from my mistakes?
4.- What is he ___here? – Law. He is a law student.
5.The old and the young should __from each other.
16. but/ however/ while
1.I like the film, _____ I have no time to see it.
2. It’s raining hard. ____ , I think we should go out.
3. He said that it was so; he was mistaken _____.
4. She listened to me closely ____ he read
something.
17. for example/ such as
1. He, ____ , is a good teacher.
2. I know many students of your school, WangHong, ____.
3. He can speak five foreign languages, _____
German and French.
4. He knows several languages, _____ , he knows
English and Japanese.
5. Boys ____ John and James are very friendly.
18. answer/ reply
1. She failed to ____ to my question.
2. _____ my question in English, please.
3. We haven’t ____ to his letter yet.
4. None of us knew the ____ to the problem.
19. That is( was ) because../ That is ( was )
why…
1. It was a long way and we wanted to come back
on the same day. _____ we started to so early.
2. You have failed again this time. _____ you are
proud.
3. Tom is ill. ____ he hasn’t come today.
4. Tom is ill. _____ he wore too little yesterday.
5. He was late. ____ his teacher got angry.
20. near/ close
1. The school is ____ to my house.2. the post office is quite ____.
3. Children’s Day is quite ____.
4. He stood on the ____ bank of the river.
5. He is one of my ___ friends.
21. on fire/ on the fire
1. The house is ___. Please call the firefighters.
2. In the ancient time, people used to cook whole
animals _____.
3. Don’t put your clothes ____. It’s dangerous.
4. I don’t know who set the house ______.
5. Look out! The pan is ____ .
22. alive/ living/ live
1. Who is the greatest man ____?
2. My brother bought a ___ fish?
3. The ____ people are more important than the
dead.
4. The badly wounded soldier was unconscious but
still _____.
5. When we found him ten days later, he was still
______.
23. greatly/ very / much
1. Since then the number of milu deer there was___ increased.
2. I think he is ____ old.
3. Now it is ____ easier to make plans for our trips.
4. I don’t ___ like it.
5. He is ___ too busy.
24. cost/ spend/ take/ pay
1. It ___ us two hours to clean the room.
2. I ___ a lot of money on books every year.
3. the clothes ___ me 200 yuan.
4. Her sister ___ 200 yuan for that dress.
5. I’m ____ a lot more time in writing English than
before.
25. wear/ put on / have on / dress
1. Do you know the girl who ____ a red skirt?
2. He often ____ a black jacket ____.
3. He _____ his coat and went out.
4. I _____ my brother every morning.
5. she is ____ in a new dress.
26. job/ work
1. I have a lot of ____ to do today.
2. They are hard at _____.
3. He has a ____ as a teacher.4. I always take a ____ in my holiday.
5. Something is wrong with the _____ of my watch.
27. included/ including
1. Their names are -_____ in the list.
2. There are a lot of names in the list, ___ his
name.
3. There are a lot of names in the list, his name
___.
4. The rent is 4 yuan a month ____ water and
electricity.
5. The price ______ postage then.
28. how many times/ how soon / how often /
how long
1. I don’t know _____ this will take.
2. I wonder ____ he will come.
3. “ ____ have you been to Beijing?” “ 4 times.”
4. _ _____ do the American people elect a
president?
_ Every four years.
5. _____ is the longest river?
29. mainly/ mostly
1. She is _____ out on Sundays.2. She uses her car _____ for her job.
3. The audience consisted ____ of educated young
people.
4. All of you have made mistakes, but you are ____
to be blamed.
5. He depended ____ on his father to finish his
education.
30. feel like/ would like
1. I don’t ____ walking very much today.
2. I _____ to have dinner with you.
3. What ___ you ____ to do now?
4. Do you ____ having something to eat?
5. I ____ a walk after supper.
31. across/ through
1. Look around when you walk _____ the street.
2. She drove straight ____ the town.
3. There is no bridge ____ the river.
4. Water flows ___ this pipe.
5. The river is 10 metres ____.
32. accept/ receive
1. I ____ his letter yesterday.
2. He didn’t ____ my suggestion.3. We shall ____ you as a friend.
4. I’ve ___ an invitation to the ball, but I can’t __it
because I don’t know whether I’ll be able to
attend..
5. she ___ a good education.
33. provide… for / provide… with
1. They provided us ___ all the books we need.
2. The school provided food ___ the students.
3. We are provided ___ everything we need for
work.
4. The manager of the guest house provides
everything ____ the guests.
5. Can you provide me ____ a room for the night?
34. right away/ right now/ just now
1. We must be off ___ . It’s eight already.
2. She is cooking her meals __.
3. Don’t talk about this ____.
4. He was here ____ .
5. Do it _____.
35. compare/ compare… with / compare… to
1. If you ____ these two words, you can tell the
difference between them.2. Please _____ this word ____ that one and tell
me the difference.
2. We usually _____ children ____ flowers of the
motherland.
36. country / nation/ state/ land
1. How many ____ are there in the world?
2. All the natural resources are managed by the
____.
3. Trade between _____ in better than war.
4. He was forced to leave his native _____.
56. one another/ each other
1. The two sisters were caught in a strong storm.
They encouraged ____ all the way.
2. All the students in our class should help ____.
3. All of us didn’t accept _____ opinion.
37. custom/ habit
1.He has formed the ____ of smoking after meals.
2. It is the ____ in China to eat dumplings during
the Spring Festival.
3. He has fallen into the _____ of getting up late.
4. They broke some of the old _____.
38. care for / care about1. He doesn’t ______ his clothes.
2. I don’t _____ going.
4. I don’t _____ movies.
5. Who will ____ your children when your when you
are away?
39. one / that / the one.
1. His attitude to me was ___ of a comrade.
2. I’m looking for a house and I like ___ with a
garden.
3. The white horse is a stronger than the black
____.
4. I like this book better than ___ I read last time.
5. The best coal is ___ from Datong.
6. He is not ___ to bow before difficulties.
40. silent/ quiet/ still
1. Be ____. The boy is asleep.
2. The girl is a ____ girl.
3. All the students kept ____ about what had
happened.
4. Stand ___ while I take your photograph.
5. _____ water runs deep..
41. very / just1. This is the __ book I want.
2. This is ____ the book I want.
3.The ____ moment I got off the train reminded me
of the past happiness.
71. pleasant/ pleased/ pleasure/ please
1. It’s difficult to _____ everyone.
2. Come in, _____.
3. Are you ___ with your new clothes?
4. Did you have a ___ journey home?
5. It gave me much ____ to hear of your success.
42. awake/ wake
1. When do you usually ___ up?
2. Is he ___ or asleep?
3. He lay __ all night.
4. They were making enough noise ___ the dead.
43. take place/ take one’s place/ take the
place of
1. Great changes _____ in my home town these
years.
2. When will the sports meet _____?
3. The manager will be away for a month. Who will
_____?4. My brother is ill, and I’ve come to ____ him.
5. _____ , please. We are about to start.
44. enjoy/ be fond of/ love/ like
1. I’ve ______ talking about the past life with you.
2. She _____ white.
3. I ____ watching TV after supper, but I’d __ to
read newspapers instead this evening.
4. The Bible tells us to ___ all men..
45. by / with/ under
1. Ants “talk” a great deal ___ this means.
2. ___ the help of our teacher, we have made rapid
progress in English.
3. He went home ___ my permission.
4. ____ the direction of his mother, Tom wrote an
excellent article.
5. We have won one victory after another ___ the
Party’s leadership.
