文档内容
Unit 6 Entertainment and Friendship
Topic 2 Who is your favorite character in literature?
动词类 形容词&副词类
kiss v.&n. 吻;亲吻 eventually adv. 最后;终于
hunt v. 搜寻;打猎;追捕 possibly adv. 可能,或许
overcome v. 克服,解决 classic adj. 最优秀的,典型的
名词类 jeweled adj. 镶有宝石的
husband n. 丈夫 literary adj. 文字的
narrator n. 叙述者;旁白员 sudden adj. 突然的,忽然的
drama n. 戏剧 golden adj. 金色的
literature n. 文字;文学作品 moving adj. 感人的
statement n. 说法;陈诉 precious adj. 宝贵的;珍稀的
poet n. 诗人 兼词类&其他词类
poetry n. 诗集,诗歌 unlike prep.&adj. 不像;与...不同;不
话题词汇 society n. 社团,协会;社会 同的
monk n. 僧侣;修道士 comb n.&v. 梳子;梳理(头发)
Unit 6
inspiration n. 灵感;估计
Topic 2
couple n. 两人;一对
chain n. 链子,一系列;连锁商店
playwright n. 剧作家
possession n. 个人财产;拥有
district n. 地区,区域
masterpiece n. 代表作,杰作
scene n. 场面;片段
rainbow n. 彩虹
wealth n. 财产,财富
rim n. (圆形物体的)边沿;轮圈
in order to 为了
in fact 实际上
重点短语
in my view 在我看来; 我认为
without the help of 如果没有……的帮助be considered to be… 被认为是……
be regarded as… 被视为...
be known/famous for 因……而著名
grow up 长大
take boat rides 乘船
graduate from... 从……毕业
each time 每次
from an early age 从小
be interested in… 对……感兴趣
be set free 被……释放
fight against… 与……作斗争
have one’s hair cut (让别人)理发
all of a sudden 突如其来地,猛然地
look at me that way 那样地看着我
cut off 切除,切断
long for 渴望,羡慕;憧憬
at first 起先
have no idea 不知道,不了解
put...away 把……收好
at present 目前
live through 经历不幸而幸存
1. I think he is the bravest character I’ve ever known.
我认为他是我所认识的最勇敢的角色。
2. In fact, it was Sandy and Pigsy who helped the Monkey King win every battle.
实际上, 正是沙和尚和猪八戒帮助了孙悟空赢得每次战役。
3. In my view, neither the Monkey King nor harry Potter would become a hero
without the help of their friends.
在我看来,如果没有朋友的帮助,孙悟空和哈利波特都不会成为英雄。
重点句型 4. That’s true. One tree can’t make a forest.
确实是这样的。独木不成林。
5. Romeo and Juliet was a famous tragedy written by Shakespeare.
《罗密欧与朱丽叶》是莎士比亚写的著名的悲剧。
6. In one poem, Wordsworth explained how happy he was each time he saw a
rainbow.
在一首诗中, Wordsworth解释他每次看到彩虹是多么地高兴。
7. Isn’t it lovely, Jim?它很好看对吗,Jim?
8. From an early age, Shakespeare was interested in acting in plays.
从小莎士比亚就对在剧中表演很感兴趣。
9. I do understand.
我真的理解。
10. I have no idea what it could be.
我不知道它会是什么。
【考点1】He is a hero in the novel called Journey to the West, which is one of the four
classic novels of Chinese literature. 他是中国古典文学四大名著之一 ——《西游记》中的一
位主人公。
【详解】(1) the novel called Journey to the West 是限定性定语从句省略关系代词which/that的形式,其完
全形式为 the novel which/that is called Journey to the West。
(2) which is one of the four classic novels of Chinese literature 是一个非限定性定语从句。它是对前面句子的
补充,去掉以后,主句的意思仍然通顺,但非限定性定语从句中的 which 不能省略。
【典例】
1. A book, ________(name) A Dream of Red Mansions, is very popular.
一部名叫《红楼梦》的书很受欢迎。
2. That's a book named A Dream of Red Mansions, _____ is written by Cao Xueqin.
A. which B. who C. that D. /【参考答案】 1. named 2. A
【考点2】Maybe you are right, but I prefer the Monkey King. 也许你是正确的,但是我
更喜欢孙悟空。
【详解】“prefer + 名词或动名词”意为“宁愿,更喜欢”。如:
He comes from Shanghai, so he prefers rice. 他是上海人,所以他更喜欢吃米饭。
【回顾】(1)“prefer…to…”意为“相对于……更喜欢⋯⋯”。
(2) prefer 后接动词不定式时,与 rather than 或instead of 连用。如:
(3) prefer sb. to do sth. 意为“愿意某人去做某事”。如:
他的爸爸希望他出国深造。
【典例】
1. I prefer ________ (watch) a movie to ________(sing) songs.
2. He prefers ________ (die) rather than ________ (steal).
= He prefers to die ________ ______ stealing.
3. His father prefers him ________ (go) abroad for further study.
【参考答案】 1.watching; singing 2. to die, steal; instead of 3. to go
【考点3】In order to help Harry, his friends read many books and discovered the best
way to defeat their enemies. 为了帮助哈利,他的朋友们阅读了大量的书籍,然后找到了打败
敌人的最好办法。
【详解】to defeat their enemies 是动词不定式短语,修饰名词way,作后置定语。不定式可与其修饰的
名词或代词构成动宾结构。如果不定式的动词是一个不及物动词,它后面就要加上一个介词。如:
He is a man to depend on. 他是一个值得信赖的人。(depend on 与 a man 之间有动宾关系, on 不能丢
掉)
He is looking for a room to live in. 他正在找一个住的房间。(live in 与 room 之间有动宾关系, in
不能丢掉)
【回顾】 定语后置的用法:
(1)形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词要放在被修饰的不定代词之后作后置定语。如:Is there anything important in today's newspaper? 今天的报纸有重要的新闻吗?(形容词)
(2)分词短语修饰名词时,要放在名词之后作后置定语。分词短语作定语时,其逻辑主语就是它
所修饰的名词。如:
Do you know the girl standing under the tree? 你认识站在树下的那个女孩吗?(现在分词短语表主
动)
(3)介词短语修饰名词时,要放在名词之后作后置定语。
A man in a clown's hat came and sat beside her. 一个戴着小丑帽子的男人过来坐在了她身旁。
(介词短语)
【考点4】In fact, it was Sandy and Pigsy who helped the Monkey King win every battle.
事实上,正是沙僧和猪八戒帮助了孙悟空,孙悟空才能赢得每一次战斗。
【详解】“it +be 动词+强调部分 + who(m)或 that +其他部分”为强调句结构。如:
It was you who/that had been wrong. 错的是你。
It's Tom whom/that you should ask. 你应当问的是汤姆。
注意:在强调主语时,若是人,关系代词用 who(或用that)引导后面部分,若是物,则需用
that;在强调宾语或介词宾语时,若是人,关系代词用 whom(或用that),若是物,则需用 that;在
强调状语时后面多用 that。
【考点5】You look a little tired today. 你今天看起来有点疲倦。
【详解】 (1) look 意为“看起来,看上去”,是连系动词,连系动词后跟形容词。
(2)a little 意为“一点,有点”。常放在形容词前表程度。如:
【典例】
1. Mike is a little ________(tall) than Tom. 迈克比汤姆高一点。
【参考答案】1. taller
【考点6】He is considered to be one of the best romantic poets in China. 他( 李白) 被
认为是中国最伟大的浪漫主义诗人之一。
【详解】(1)这是一个一般现在时被动语态的句子,一般现在时被动语态的结构为“be(am/is/are)+动词过去分词”。如:The air conditioning system is fixed on the wall. 空调安装在墙上了。
(2)“one of…+ 名 词复数”意为“⋯⋯之一”。如:
He is one of the most excellent students in our school. 他是我们学校最优秀的学生之一。
【典例】
1. Making robots is one of ______ activities among students. Each of them has his own robot.
A. more popular B. the most popular C. more difficult D. the most difficult
2. A lot of birds ______ in nature parks every year.
A. protect B. is protected C. are protected D. protect
【参考答案】1. B 2. C
【考点7】The passage I read about him said that he was as great as the British poet
William Shakespeare.我读的那篇文章说,他像英国诗人威廉·莎士比亚一样伟大。
【详解】(1)这是一个由关系代词 that 来引导的定语从句。
(2)从句中的“as …as…”意为“与⋯⋯一样”。如:
My brother is as clever as her brother. 我弟弟和她弟弟一样聪明。
【拓展】“as …as …”结构放在否定句中时,第一个 as可以换成 so。如:
This city is not as/so famous as that one. 这个城市不如那个城市出名。
【典例】
1. Li Ming is one of the tallest __________(boy) in my class.
2. This river is ________ ________ ________ (long) that one.
【参考答案】1. boys 2. as long as
【考点8】I had my hair cut off and sold it because I couldn't have lived through
Christmas without giving you a present. 因为如果不送礼物给你,我就不能安心度过圣诞节,
所以我把头发剪掉卖钱了。
【详解】(1)“had sth.+ 动词过去分词”, 意为“请某人做某事”。如:
I had my old rings sold because I wanted to buy new ones.我托人把我的旧耳环卖了,因为我想买新的。(2) live through 意为“安心度过”。如:
I will live through the Spring Festival if I send you a gift. 如果我送给你一件礼物,我就能安心过
好春节。
(3) without doing sth.意为“没有做某事”,其反义词组为 with doing sth.。如:
Some students go to school without having breakfast.一些学生不吃早饭就去学校了
【典例】
1. I had my house _________(clean) yesterday.
2. Fish can’t live without _________(swim) in water every day.
【参考答案】1. cleaned 2. swimming
【巧学】利用“相似法”记忆单词
【点拨】我们在学习记忆单词的时候,应该动脑筋,想办法,采取联想、归类、比较、谐音等方法
去记忆。下面向同学们介绍一种记忆单词的方法——“相似法”。所谓“相似法”就是把结构相似
的英语单词有意识地编排在一起,通过比较它们之间的微小差别,达到速记的效果。
(1)替换法
①在词前替换的,如best, rest, west, test等。
②在词后替换的,如stead, steal, steam, steak等。
③在词中替换的,如track, trick, truck等。
(2)加减法
在一个单词的前面或后面加减一个或几个字母,组成“相似群”。
①在词前加减的,如:at, eat, seat;is, his, this;air, hair, chair等。
②在词后加减的,如:he, her, hero;new, news,newspaper;care, careful, carefully;beauty, beautiful, beautifully,
beautify, beautifier, beautification等。
③在词中加减的,如:met, meat;let, lead 等。
(3)分解法
把一个长词分解开来,构成许多学过的短单词。如:together→to-get-her, history→his-story 等。
(4)移位法把单词的字母调换位置,使之成为另一单词。如:on→no, dog→god, read→dear, thing→night等。
【典例】
一、单项选择
1.Which word is formed in the same way as “weekend”?
A.unable B.invention C.helpless D.noticeboard
2.Which of the following words is formed in the same way as “blackboard”?
A.dislike B.weekday C.unlucky D.achievement
3.In the words ‘unhappy’ and ‘unusual’, the ‘un -’ means ________.
A.very B.most C.not D.less
4.The following words all have the negative prefixes (否定前缀) EXCEPT ________.
A.indoor B.unhappy C.inexpensive D.impossible
5.Which of the following words is formed like “unimportant”?
A.incorrect B.afternoon C.scientist D.hopeful
6.Which of the following word can’t create a new word with “-ship”?
A.friend B.relation C.scholar D.business
7.We have to learn ________ technology from other countries.
A.advance B.advancing C.advantage D.advanced
8.Mr. Black is an ________ in the army, not an ________ in the government. You can not easily find him in
his________.
A.official; officer; office B.officer; office; official
C.official; official; official D.officer; official; office
9.The child looked at me ________.
A.stranger B.strangely C.strange D.strangeness
10.Canada is mainly an ________ country.
A.English-speaking B.speak-English
C.spoken-English D.English-spoken
二、选词填空
用方框中所给词或词组的适当形式填空。
south, minute, publish, even if, encourage, take place, health, go through, mention, important
11.Meat and fish are healthy food but hamburgers are food.
12.Tea is grown in the part of our country.13.This company children’s books every year.
14.They don’t allow cars the city centre because it’s too crowded.
15.Susan’s voice still remained calm she was getting greatly annoyed.
16.Great changes in Huhhot since 2000.
17.It’s about ten walk from the school to the bookshop.
18.He to learn music and became a famous singer later.
19.Health is than wealth.
20.—Could I ask if you this to her till now?
—Yes, but she refused to listen.
【参考答案】
1.D
【详解】句意:哪一个单词的构成方式与“weekend”的构成方式相同?
考查构词法。unable不能,由able加否定前缀构成;invention发明,由invent加名词后缀构成;
helpless无助的,由help加形容词后缀构成;noticeboard通知栏,由notice“通知”和board“板”构成。
题中的weekend“周末”是由week“周”和end“结束”构成。由此可知weekend和noticeboard构词法
相同,为合成词,其他均为派生词。故选D。
2.B
【详解】句意:下面单词哪一个词的构成方式与“blackboard”一样?
考查构词法。dislike不喜欢,由词根like加否定前缀构成;weekday工作日,由week“工作”和
day“日,天”合成;unlucky不幸的,由词根luck加前缀及后缀构成;achievement成就,由词根
achieve加名词后缀构成。题中的blackboard“黑板”是由black“黑色”和board“板”合成。由此可知
weekday与blackboard构词法相同,为合成词,其它均为派生词。故选B。
3.C
【详解】句意:在单词“unhappy”和“unusual”中,“un”的意思是不。
考查构词法。happy开心的;unhappy不开心的;usual通常的;unusual不寻常的。由此可发现“un”
是否定前缀,因此“un”的意思是“不”,故选C。
4.A
【详解】句意:除“indoor”外,以下单词都有否定前缀。
考查单词的构成。indoor室内的,形容词,没有否定前缀;unhappy不快乐的,在happy的基础上加
否定前缀un;inexpensive廉价的,在expensive的基础上加否定前缀in;impossible不可能的,在
possible的基础上加否定前缀im。因此没有否定前缀的单词是indoor。故选A。
5.A【详解】句意:下面哪个单词的构成形式类似于“unimportant”?
考查构词法。incorrect不正确的,correct前加否定前缀in-;afternoon下午,是after和noon合成;
scientist科学家,把science中的ce变成t,再加ist;hopeful充满希望的,hope后面加后缀-ful。单词
“unimportant”是important前加否定前缀im-而来,与A选项的构成方法相同。故选A。
6.D
【详解】句意:下面哪个词不能与“-ship”造新词?
考查构词法。friendship友谊;relationship联系,亲属关系;scholarship学问,奖学金;business商业。
D项business不能与“-ship”造新词。故选D。
7.D
【详解】句意:我们必须向其他国家学习先进技术。
考查形容词的用法。advance发展,前进,是动词;advancing前进,是现在分词;advantage有利条
件,是名词;advanced先进的,高级的,是形容词。technology是名词,科技,空前用形容词修饰名
词,故选D。
8.D
【详解】句意:布莱克先生是军队的军官,不是军委的官员。你在他的办公室里很难找到他。
考查词汇辨析,official官员,公务员;officer军官;office办公室。第一空根据“in the army”,可知
应该是军官;第二空根据“in the government.”可知应该是公务员;第三空根据“in his…”可知是办公
室,故选D。
9.B
【详解】句意:那孩子奇怪地看着我。
考查词义辨析。stranger陌生人;strangely奇怪地;strange奇怪的;strangeness陌生;奇怪。空前面
的 looked at 是动词短语,此处需用副词修饰。故选B。
10.A
【详解】句意:加拿大主要是一个说英语的国家。
考查构词法。English-speaking说英语的;speak English说英语,不用连字符连接;spoken English口
语,不用连字符连接。English-spoken英语口语。根据空后的“country”是名词可知,前要用形容词
修饰;an English-speaking country表示“一个说英语的国家”,固定表达。故选A。
11.unhealthy 12.southern 13.publishes 14.to go through 15.even if 16.have
taken place 17.minutes’ 18.was encouraged 19.more important 20.have mentioned
【分析】11.句意:肉和鱼是健康的食物,但是汉堡是不健康的食物。 根据“Meat and fish are
healthy food”和“but”可知,汉堡是不健康的食物。故填unhealthy。
12.句意:茶种在我国南方地区。根据“in the … part of our country”可知,此空应填形容词,且填方
向。故填southern。
13.句意:这家公司每年都要印刷儿童书籍。根据“children’s books”可知,是印刷儿童书籍;根据“every year”和“this company”可知使用一般现在时第三人称单数。故填publishes。
14.句意:他们不允许汽车穿过市中心,因为市中心太拥挤了。根据“because it's too crowded”可知,
不允许汽车通过,应该使用“go through”;根据“allow sb./sth. to do sth.”可知,应该使用动词不定式。
故填to go through。
15.句意:苏珊的声音仍然很平静,即使她很生气。根据上下句表示一种让步关系,表示“即使”。
故填even if。
16.句意:呼和浩特市自2000年以来发生了巨大变化。根据“Great changes”可知,应该使用“take
place”;根据“since 2000”可知,应该使用现在完成时have/has done的结构,主语changes是复数形
式,助动词用have。故填have taken place。
17.句意:从学校步行到书店大约十分钟的路程。根据“from the school to the bookshop”可知,应该
表示距离;ten后接复数名词,此空修饰名词“walk”要用名词所有格。故填minutes’。
18.句意:他被鼓励学习音乐,后来成为一名著名的歌手。根据“became a famous singer later”可知,
这是鼓励的结果;根据“became”可知,应该使用一般过去时;根据“He”和“encourage”之间的关系
可知,应该使用被动语态。故填was encouraged。
19.句意:健康比财富更加重要。根据“than”可知,应该使用比较级。根据常识可知,健康比财富
更重要,故填more important。
20.句意:——我能问问你到现在为止有没有跟她提起过这件事吗?——是的,但她拒绝听。根据“she
refused to listen”和“till now”可知,已经提及此事,并且使用现在完成时。故填have mentioned。